新概念英语第二册谓语和评注性状语课件(共22张PPT)

(共22张PPT)
谓语
谓语：即分句的谓语部分，是以谓语动词为核心、对主语进行描述的部分，包括除主语之外的谓语动词及其补足成分（宾语/补语/状语等）。
以简单句的基本句型为例：
（1）SV 谓语和谓语动词重合
e.g. A mother’s love never changes.
（2）SVC 谓语为VC部分
e.g. Money is a good servant and a bad master.
（3）SVO 谓语为VO部分
e.g. One good turn deserves another.
（4）SVOC 谓语为VOC部分
e.g. A hedge between keeps friendship green.
（5）SVoO 谓语为VoO部分
e.g. Parents teach their children manners.
（6）SVA 谓语为VA部分
e.g. The Browns stayed in Peace Hotel.
（7）SVOA 谓语为VOA部分
e.g. The Chinese treat older people with great respect.
谓语动词
谓语动词由动词词组充当，其体系如下图：
例如：
“Be quiet!”said the Queen, her face turning red.
谓语动词 谓语动词
谓语 主语 主语 谓语
谓语动词
动词词组
限定动词词组
非限定动词词组
简单动词词组
复杂动词词组
不定式
-ing分词
-ed分词
备注
评注性状语的概念及特征
评注性状语：也叫分离性状语或外加状语，是对整个句子进行说明或解释，表明说话人对话语的看法或态度。
特征：（1）不修饰谓语或谓语动词，是对整个句子的评说。
（2）在口语中自成一个语调单位，在书写中常用逗号与句子隔开，通常位于句首（间或也可位于句中或句尾）。
e.g. Sadly, bamboo plants die after flowering.
You telephoned the police station first, quite rightly.
备注
充当评注性状语的词项或结构
（1）表示情态与方式、方面
flatly, honestly, seriously, strictly, truly, truthfully, confidentially, privately, approximately, bluntly, briefly, broadly, crudely, frankly, generally, roughly, simply, literally, figuratively ...
（2）表示对所说话真实程度的判定
admittedly, certainly, definitely, indeed, surely, unarguably, undeniably, undoubtedly, unquestionably, clearly, evidently, obviously, plainly, allegedly, arguably, apparently, doubtless, most likely, perhaps, possibly, presumably, reportedly, seemingly, supposedly,
副词或副词词组（最常见）：
1
actually, really, formally, hypothetically, ideally, officially, nominally, outwardly, superficially, technically, theoretically, basically, essentially, fundamentally ...
（3）表示对所说话的某种评价或态度
rightly, correctly, artfully, cleverly, cunningly, foolishly, prudently, reasonably, sensibly, shrewdly, unreasonably, wisely, unwisely, amazingly, astonishingly, curiously, funnily, incredibly, ironically, oddly, remarkably, strangely, suspiciously, unexpectedly, appropriately, inevitably, naturally, predictably, understandably, annoyingly, delightfully, disappointingly, disturbingly, pleasingly, regrettably, fortunately, unfortunately, happily, unhappily, luckily, unluckily, tragically, amusingly, conveniently, hopefully, preferably, significantly, thankfully ...
in my opinion, in all frankness, in short, to my regret, to our surprise, of course ...
介词词组：
2
（1）不定式分句
to be sure, to be frank, to speak frankly, to put it frankly ...
（2）-ing分词分句
putting it bluntly, strictly speaking, generally speaking, frankly speaking ...
（3）-ed分词分句
put frankly ...
非限定分句：
3
curious, even more important, what’s more important, what’s even more remarkable, if I may be blunt, if I may be personal ...
其他分句结构
4
备注
评注性状语的位置
e.g.
句首：最常见位置，有逗号间隔，容易辨识
1
e.g.
句末：不常见位置，有逗号间隔，容易辨识
2
Scientifically speaking, happiness is a basic sense of satisfaction with your self and your environment.
（科学地讲，幸福是对自己和环境的基本满足感。）
The expedition was a success, scientifically.
（从科学上看，这次探险是成功的。）
e.g.
句中：不常见位置，无逗号间隔，不易辨识
3
I tried hard to drive quickly, but George rightly didn’t
want me to take risks, and part of the way we were closely
followed by a police car, anyway. （《教程》P279）
我努力想把车开快点，但乔治不想让我冒险，他这
样考虑是有理由的，不管怎么说，有一段路我们被一辆警车紧紧跟踪。
典型错误
“She wisely didn’t attempt to apologize.”相当于“She didn’t attempt to apologize in a wise manner.”。×
“She wisely didn’t attempt to apologize.”相当于“She was wise not to attempt to apologize”或者“It was wise of her not to attempt to apologize.”。√
备注
Which of the following italicized parts is used as an object
A.
B.
C.
D.
What do you think has happened to her
Who do you think the visiting professor is
How much do you think he earns every month
How quickly would you say he would come
该题考查分句的中心成分及简单句的基本句型。难点有二，一是特殊疑问句倒装语序的干扰，二是插入语do you think / would you say的干扰。排除干扰后可知，C为SVO句型，How much作earns的宾语，因此C为正确答案。A为SVO句型，What作主语；B为SVC句型，Who作主语补语；D为SVA句型，How quickly在分句中作状语，修饰谓语动词would come。
下列斜体部分中哪个作宾语？
In the sentence “It’s no use waiting for her”, the italicized phrase is _________.
A.
B.
C.
D.
the object
an adverbial
a complement
the subject
该题考查分句的中心成分及It-句型。该题关键是辨明It作先行词充当形式主语，指代-ing分词分句waiting for her，即真正的主语部分，该句为SVC句型，因此D为正确答案。A意为“宾语”，B意为“状语”，C意为“补语”。
在句子“It’s no use waiting for her”中斜体词组是______。
What does “He wisely refused to spend his money” mean
A.
B.
C.
D.
It was wise of him to refuse to spend his money.
He refused to spend his money in a wise manner.
He was short of money and didn’t want to buy anything.
He refused, in a wise manner, to spend his money.
该题考查评注性状语的用法。英语中一些由表示人物性格特征的形容词+ -ly构成的副词，作状语时常常位于谓语动词之前、主语之后，即采取中位，这时它在说明动作发生时主语的状态，即表达说话者对所说内容的看法，此为评注性状语，并非修饰性状语，这样的副词比如foolishly，kindly，bravely等。该句中wisely表明说话人对“他拒绝花他的钱”这件事所持的态度，意思相当于He was wise to refuse to spend his money或It was wise of him to refuse to spend his money，因此A为正确答案。关于评注性状语，参见《教程》P24。
“He wisely refused to spend his money”这句话是什么意思
I can’t go – for one thing, I have no money, and ______ , I have too much work.
A.
B.
C.
D.
what’ more
as well
for another
in addition
该题考查表列举的连接性状语的用法。根据句意，上文列举了“不能去”的一种原因，下文需要列举第二种原因。for one thing…for another构成常见搭配，意为“一方面是…另一方面是”，因此C为正确答案。what’s more和in addition都是表意义增补和引申的连接性状语，as well不能位于两个小句之间作连接性状语。
我不能去——一方面是因为我没有钱，另一方面是因为我有太多的工作要做。
Rite of Passage is a good novel by any standards; ______, it should rank high on any list of science fiction.
A.
B.
C.
D.
consistently
consequently
invariably
fortunately
该题考查连接副词consequently作连接性状语的用法。consequently意为“因而；所以”，属表结果的连接性状语。根据句意，该句上下分句之间需要一个表结果的连接性状语，因此B为正确答案。consistently意为“一贯地”，invariably意为“总是；不变地”，fortunately意为“幸运地”。
从任何标准来看，《成年仪式》都堪称一部优秀小说，因此它应该名列科幻小说前列。
本讲主要介绍了分句的中心成分和外围成分。分句的中心成分指构成特定分句结构所必不可少的成分，可以理解为构成简单句基本句型的五种必要成分：主语、谓语动词、宾语、补语、状语。对主语、宾语等句子成分根据其词义及句子成分之间的语义关系进行分类，有助于更好地理解句子的含义。谓语和谓语动词不是一个概念，谓语是以谓语动词为核心对主语进行描述的部分；谓语动词仅是谓语的核心部分，通常由动词词组充当。状语分为修饰性状语、评注性状语和连接性状语，其中修饰性状语是分句的中心成分，其他两种是分句的外围成分。对评注性状语的理解可以从结构上的分离性、内容上的评注性、位置上的灵活性来把握，熟悉一些充当评注性状语的词项或结构是关键。学习中要熟悉表达各
种常见逻辑语义关系的连接性状语，连接性状语常被视为“信号词”，恰当使用这些“信号词”可以使得词组与词组之间、分句与分句之间、句子与句子之间，乃至段落与段落之间的逻辑关系清晰可辨，帮助读者或听者快速把握语篇的逻辑脉络，帮助预测下文，领会作者的深层意图，有效提高阅读理解和听力理解的速度和准确性。在写作中恰当使用连接性状语能够起到提纲挈领、表达清晰、全文统一连贯的作用。
1.
2.
3.
4.
I will say frankly that I was rather impressed by his manner.
It is fortunate that Roberts should have returned the cheque.
It is not unreasonable that he should protest strongly against it.
It is hoped that the two sides may come to an agreement on this issue.
Frankly, I was rather impressed by his manner.
Fortunately, Roberts returned the cheque.
Not unreasonably, he protested strongly against it.
Hopefully, the two sides may come to an agreement on
this issue.
5.
6.
It is even more important that we ought to put this on the agenda.
We regretted that he should have refused our invitation.
Even more important, we ought to put this on the agenda.
To our regret, he refused our invitation.
1.0
2.
0
3.
0
4.
5.
You say you took the book without his permission. ________________________, you stole it.
He says he wants to marry Susan. __________, he shouldn’t be quarrelling with her all the time.
He has been in office for only a few months. He has, ________, achieved more than any of his predecessors.
The news may be unexpected. ___________, it is true.
He has not paid his debts. ___________, he has no intention of paying.
In other words/ That is to say
In that case
however
Nevertheless
Furthermore
6.0
7.0
8.
Sidney was lively and talkative; _________, his brother was quiet and reserved.
The crowds jammed the street. _________, traffic was stopped for a few hours.
Tom Brown is well known in this city. _______, he has been a member of the city council for many years. _________, he has done a lot in promoting general education in the locality. _________________________, he is a football player of international reputation.
conversely
As a result
Firstly
Secondly
Thirdly and most importantly