Unit 5 What are the shirts made of? grammar focus-4c 课件(共42张PPT，内嵌视频) 人教版九年级英语全册

(共42张PPT)
Section A
(Grammar Focus-4c)
Unit 5
What are the shirts made of
1.能够在不同语境中，通过观察归纳，同伴合作等方式，正确得出被动语态的基本结构，理解和使用被动语态的一般现在时结构，并能将主动语态和被动语态进行自由转换。
2.能够在讨论制造原材料的语境中，拓宽知识面，培养跨文化交际意识，提升学生民族自豪感。
3.过观察归纳小组合作等方式，探究被动语态的一般现在时结构，提高思维的逻辑性，加强语言表达的准确性。
4.能够在学习过程中积极思考，主动探究，保持学习英语的兴趣，发现并尝试使用多种策略解决语言学习的问题，积极进行拓展性运用。
学习目标
learning objectives
The master was caught by a damen.
被抓了
Passive voice
被动语态
Passive voice
被动语态
Active voice
主动语态
被字句
Change into
I sing the song.
You play the song.
He plays the drums.
She sings the song.
It sings the song.
We sing the song.
They play the drums.
Active Voice【主动语态】
当主语为动作的执行者时，谓语形式为主动语态
Passive Voice 【被动语态】
The song is sung by me.
The song is played by you.
The drums are played by him.
The song is sung by her.
The song is sung by it.
The song is sung by us.
The drums are played by them.
当主语为动作的承受者时，谓语形式为被动语态
被动语态的基本形式：
be+动词的过去分词
Presentation
Find out the passive voice.
Find out the passive voice.
They aren’t cooked yet.
没被煮
一般现在时的被动语态
Find out the passive voice.
Find out the passive voice.
I was found on the ground.
被发现
一般过去时的被动语态
Find out the passive voice.
Find out the passive voice.
Everybody wants to be loved.
被爱
不定式的被动语态
Find out the passive voice.
Should all acquaintance
be forgot.
被忘记
含情态动词的被动语态
They aren’t cooked yet.
I was found on the ground.
Everybody wants to be loved.
Should all acquaintance be forgot/forgotten.
过去分词pp
Past Participle
do did done
They aren’t cooked yet.
I was found on the ground.
Everybody wants to be loved.
Should all acquaintance be forgot/forgotten.
be+done
Are your shirts made of cotton Yes, they are. And they were made in the US.
What’s the model plane made of It’s made of used wood and glass.
Where is tea produced in China It’s produced in many different areas.
How is tea produced Tea plants are grown on the sides of mountains. When the leaves are ready, they are picked by hand and then are sent for processing.
Active voice: People grow tea in Hangzhou. Passive voice: Tea is grown (by people) in Hangzhou.
找出被动语态
一般现在时的被动语态
Grammar
规则动词
不规则动词
VS
am/is/are + 动词的过去分词(+by)
1. Vegetables are ________ (wash) and __________(prepare).
4.The recipe is ________(study) by Pam and Liu Jun.
3. Pepper slices and salt are ________(add).
2. Eggs are ________(pour) and ________(stir) for 10s.
prepared
washed
poured
stirred
added
studied
2) 在动词原形后加ed
4) 以辅音加y结尾的，去y变i加ed
1) 以不发音e结尾的加d
3) 以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加ed
1.规则动词的过去分词：
2. 不规则动词的过去分词：
分类记忆不规则变化，如：
AAA型：read – read – read
ABB型：buy – bought – bought
ABC型：see – saw – seen
Children under 18 __________________ (not allow) to watch this show without their parents.
2. We _____________ (pay) by the boss on the last Friday of every month.
3. A: What language ______________ (speak) in Germany
B: Most people speak German, but many can speak English, too.
4. Most of the earth’s surface ______________ (cover) by water.
5.The classroom _____________ (clean) by the students every day.
4a
Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
aren’t allowed
are paid
is spoken
is covered
is cleaned
Germany 德国
German
1.n.德国人，复数Germans
2.n.德语
3.adj.德国(人）的；德语的
be (not) allowed to do sth. (不)被允许做某事
allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
allow doing sth. 允许做某事。
am/is/are + 动词的过去分词(+by)
一般现在时的被动语态
be有各种时态变化，其中一般现在时的被动语态中be动词是am, is, are.
被动语态要强调说明动作的发出者就加上by+sb.（被某人）
后面能接宾语的动词才有被动语态
Grammar
1. 不希望表达出人称或者不知道动作的执行者是谁。
The window is broken by someone.
一般现在时被动语态的基本用法
When it is cold enough, water is turned into ice.
2. 读起来更客观严谨，使人信服。
It is generally considered impolite to ask one’s age, salary and marriage.
3. 使用的习惯使然。
Grammar
主动语态变为被动语态的方法
第一步：将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语；
第二步：将主动语态的谓语改为“be+及物动词的过去分词”结构；
第三步：将主动语态的主语改为介词by的宾语，放在谓语之后(有时可省略)。
They (主语）grow (谓语）tea (宾语）in the south-east of China.
被动语态:
主动语态:
Tea (主语）is grown (谓语）by them in the south-east of China.
Grammar
1换主宾
2变be done
3加by
Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice.
1. Farmers plant the tea on the sides of mountains.
_____________________________________________________
The tea is planted on the sides of mountains by farmers.
2. This shop uses the best materials to make dresses.
___________________________________________________________
The best materials are used by this shop to make dresses.
3. Careless driving causes many traffic accidents.
___________________________________________________________
4. The postman brings letters and postcards to people’s home.
___________________________________________________________
5. Our family does not use this silver plate very often.
___________________________________________________________
Many traffic accidents are caused by careless driving.
Letters and postcards are brought to people’s home by the postman.
This silver plate isn’t used very often by our family.
4b
粗心的
交通事故
材料
银
1换主宾
2变be done
3加by
被动语态的结构(一般现在时)
肯定：主＋am/is/are + done + 其他.
否定：主＋am/is/are + not + done + 其他.
一般疑问：Am/is/are + 主 + done + 其他？
肯定回答：Yes, 主 + am/is/are.
否定回答：No, 主 + am/is/are.
篮球被他打。
The basketball is played by him.
篮球不被他打。
The basketball is not played by him.
篮球被他打吗。
—Is the basketball played by him
—Yes, it is. / No, it isn’t.
Tips
特殊情况
含有短语的主动语态变被动语态
含有双宾语的主动语态变被动语态
感官动词和使役动词的被动语态
含有短语的主动语态变被动语态
1
My father fixes up the house.
The house is fixed up by my father.
The house is fixed by my father.
动词短语在变被动语态的时候，不能去掉构成短语动词的介词或副词；要当作一个整体.
含有双宾语的主动语态变被动语态
2
Tom gives me a book .
I am given a book by Tom.
A book is given to me by Tom.
直接宾语做主语
间接宾语做主语
当指“人”的间接宾语变为主语，指“物”的直接宾语保留不变；如果把指“物”的直接宾语变为主语，则在间接语前加to或for
3
I see a heavy man enter the house.
感官动词和使役动词的被动语态
主动to出去；被动to回来
口诀：
一感二听三让四看
A heavy man is seen to enter the house.
主动句中感官动词see / hear / watch / feel等和使役动词make / let / have等后跟省略to的动词不定式，变为被动语态时应加上不定式标志to
在主动语态句中动词make、have、let、see、watch、 hear、feel等后接动词不定式作宾语补足语，动词不 定式不加to。 但变成被动语态时后面的不定式都须加上to。
注意
(1) The boss makes them work ten hours a day.

(2) Tom lets his little sister water flowers every day.
→ They are made to work ten hours a day.
→ His little sister is let to water flowers every day by Tom.
主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项：
主动表被动
This kind of skirt sells well here. 这种裙子在这里(被)卖得好。
不能被动
不及物动词：take place （发生），happen（发生），come out（发生），break out（爆发）， appear（出现）， disappear（消失），last（持续）等。
1. 系动词get，turn，become，seem，look，sound，smell，taste，feel + adj.
That dog looks cute. 那条狗(被)看起来可爱。
2. need, want, be worth + doing
My flowers need watering. 我的花需要(被)浇水。
3. 物 + write，wash，sell，read，clean，drive
4b Complete the sentences with the correct
forms of the verbs in the box.
You _____________ to the party last night, weren’t you Why didn’t you go
2. The earthquake happened all of a sudden, but luckily the villagers _____________ to a safe place.
eat lock like ring invite
break tell bring
were invited
were brought
3. The door ___________ when we arrived, so
we ______ the bell.
4. The students ________ not to eat or drink
in class. But Ruby _______ the rule when
she started eating a biscuit in science class.
5. The cookies _________ by the hungry kids
in less than 20 minutes, and they really
_____ them.
was locked
rang
were told
broke
were eaten
liked
4c Decide whether active or passive forms should be used in these sentences. Write the correct forms in the blanks.
The telephone _____________(invent) by Alexander Graham Bell. He __________ (born) in 1847. Mr. Bell ________ (work) on the invention of the telephone with Thomas Watson. In 1875, Mr. Bell_______ (learn) how to send musical notes through an instrument similar to a telephone. Finally, the telephone ____________ (invent) in 1876. The first sentence that ________ (say) on the telephone by Mr. Bell was “Mr. Watson, come here; I want to see you.” Today the telephone ________ (use) around the world.
was invented
was born
worked
learnt
was invented
was said
is used
Well begun is half done.
Review：看图说话
The chair is made of wood.
wood
The wood is made into a chair.
The chair is made by a worker.
The paper is made in a house.
The wood is made into paper.
The paper is made from wood.
Exercise
一、单项选择。
1. The girl is often _____ by the naughty boy.
A. made cry B. make to cry C. made to cry D. make crying
2. This pair of shoes_____ hand, and it _____ very comfortable.
A. is made with; is felt B. are made from; is felt
C. are made of; feels D. is made by; feels
3. — What languages _____ in that country
— German and English.
A. are speaking B. are spoken
C. speak D. is spoken
4. Many trees _____ along the streets every year. So the air is very fresh now.
A. plant B. are planted
C. planted D. were planted
C
D
B
B
在主动语态句中动词make、have、let、see、watch、 hear、feel等后接动词不定式作宾语补足语，动词不 定式不加to。 但变成被动语态时后面的不定式都须加上to。
5. Silver __________ a ring for money.
A. is usually made into B. is usually made of C. is usually made from
6. I like the dumplings made ________ my mother best.
A. in B. from C. by
7. It is said that two ____ and three ____ are going to visit our school next week.
A. German; Japanese B. Germany; Japan
C. Germanys; Japans D. Germans; Japanese
8. Driving after drinking wine ______ in China.
A. allows B. doesn’t allow
C. is allowed D. isn’t allowed
9. — Excuse me, haven’t you learned the new _____ law Everyone in a car must
wearthe seat belt.
— Sorry, we won’t do that again.
A. food B. traffic C. medicine D. education
10. If more trees ____, our city will be more and more beautiful.
A. plant B. planted C. are planted D. were planted
A
C
D
D
B
C
二、用正确的形式填空。
1.English_______ (use)as a foreign language in our country.
2.Flowers _________ （grow）in the park.
3.He ___________ (not allow)to go out with his friends on weekends.
4.When _____ they ________ (invite) to come here
is used
are grown
isn’t allowed
are
invited
1. 他的新手机是美国制造的。
His new mobile phone ____________ America.
2. 这台电视机是由日本制造的。
The TV set ___________ Japan.
3. 这些瓶子是塑料做的。
These bottles _____________plastic.
4. 面包是小麦做的。
The bread ______________ wheat.
5. 这种沙拉是用香蕉和苹果做的。
The salad _________ bananas and apples.
is made in
is made in
are made of
is made from
is made of
二、根据汉语意思完成下列句子，每空一词。
三、句型转换。
I wash dishes every day. (改为被动语态)
______ ____ _______ ___ ____ every day.
2. Most of the farm work is done by machine in China today.(改为一般疑问句)
___ _____ ___ ___ _____ _____ ____ ___ ________ in China today
3. The jacket is made of cotton. (改为否定句)
The jacket _____ ______ ____ cotton.
4. French and English are spoken in Canada.(对画线部分提问)
______ _________ ____ _______ in Canada
5. He takes good care of the child.(改为被动语态)
____________________________________
Dishes are washed by me
Is most of the farm work done by machine
isn’t made of
What languages are spoken
The child is taken good care of by him.