2025届高考专项复习 动词不定式 课件（共38张）

(共38张PPT)
the Infinitive
Three Monks
Long long ago, a young monk lived in a temple of a hill. It was necessary to fetch water at the foot of the hill every day.
1. 主语
One day another monk came here.
The young monk decided to share his job with him.
2. 宾语
Then a third monk came here. They all wished someone else to fetch water .
3. 宾补
4. 定语
Then they have no water to drink.
One night they saw the temple catch fire.
The fire seemed to be burning brightly.
5. 表语
宾补
The first thing to do should be to put out the fire.
And the most important thing to put out the fire was to cooperate.
定语、表语
In order to put out the fire ,they worked together and fetched plenty of water. Finally, the fire was put out.
6. 状语
Why is the story told in this English class
The story is told to introduce the Infinitive.
不定式
to make the class interesting.
1.帮助你是我们的职责。
____________ is our duty.
2.经常洗手是必要的。
__________________________ is necessary.
To help you
1.不定式作主语
To wash your hands frequently
It is necessary to wash your hands frequently.
properly
_______________________ is
good for your health.
3.开窗对你的健康有好处。
To keep the window open
4.避免去人多的地方很重要。
It is important______________
________________.
to avoid going to
crowded places
wear a mask
avoid
adj. 常为描述事的:
easy, hard, difficult, dangerous, proper, fit,
(un)important, (un)necessary, (im)possible, (un)likely, (il)legal,
common, normal,
convenient…
adj. 常为描述人的: (un)kind, nice, clever, wise, silly, foolish,
stupid, rude, polite, considerate, honest, modest, careful, careless, crazy, lazy,
naughty...
(1) It is + adj.+for sb to do sth.
(2) It is + adj. of sb. to do sth.
考点
5.Their duty is_______(save)all the patients.
6. His aim is ________( find) out a cure for
the novel Coronavirus epidemic.
7. My dream is ______(be) a doctor like Li Wenliang, who cared for people's lifes and safety.
2.不定式作表语
to save
to find
to be
goal
purpose
dream
He works in the hospital and
has no time to have a look at
his newly-born baby.
Ladies and gentlemen, I have
something important to tell you.
3.不定式作定语
my nephew
考点一
考点二
考点三
考点四
2. something, anything, nothing, everything等复合不定代词常用不定式作后置定语。
8.She is always the first_______ (come) and the last ________(leave).
1.当名词被the first, the last, the only, the very, the next等词以及形容词最高级修饰时
9. I have something ______ (tell) you.
10. You still have a chance ______ (win) the game.
3. 抽象名词time, way, ability, reason, chance, courage, opportunity等后用不定式作后置定语。
11.Please pass me some paper to write _____.
4. 如果不定式是不及物动词, 则后面加适当的介词。
不定式作定语考点
to come
to leave
to tell
to win
on
Han Hong decided to raise money for Wuhan.
I deeply regret to hear that Li Wenliang passed away on Friday evening.
4.不定式作宾语
decide to do sth.
want ∕ would like to do sth.
plan to do sth.
need to do sth.
agree to do sth.
afford to do
can’t wait to do
make up one’s mind to do
fail to do
4.不定式作宾语
14. We refused _______(meet) any friend in these special days.
12.Many volunteers offered ________(help) build Huoshenshan Hospital in Wuhan.
13.The government planned _________ (build) two hospitals to receive and treat more patients.
Wuhan
Wuhan
Wuhan
4.不定式作宾语
to help
to build
to meet
I think it wrong to eat wild animals.
考点
I find important to wear a mask when we go out.
改错：
it
翻译： 我认为吃野生动物是不对的。(用it做形式宾语）
{
feel it + adj. + to do…
find
think
I
不定式作宾补
16.President Xi Jinping______________________the battle against novel coronavirus.
15. Mr. Zhong Nanshan _________________at home.
钟南山建议我们呆在家里。(advise)
17.He required officials and hospitals________________ to treat patients and improving recovery rates. (spare)
他要求官员和医院不遗余力地治疗病人并提高康复率。
encouraged us to win
advised us to stay
to spare no effort
考点一
考点二
考点三
18.They often help the grandma carrying water.
carry
1.help sb to do sth.
( )
( )
19. He was made do the work.
to
2. see, hear, watch, feel, notice, 和let, make, have后面，不定式作宾语时要省“to” （注：被动语态不省to）
20. She could do nothing but to cry.
What do you like to do besides sleep
I have no choice but to go.
3. 不定式用在介词but, except, besides后时,如果这些介词前有行为动词do的各种形式,那么介词后的不定式不带to.
不定式作宾补考点
改错
He was seen to enter the building.
2. The frontline medical couple hope to go back to Wuhan university to admire cherry blossoms after the outbreak ends.
不定式作状语
Time for News
1. President Xi Jinping urged more decisive measures to curb the spread of novel coronavirus pneumonia in order to win the battle against the epidemic.
抑制
21.Employees have worked overtime _________ (ensure)
the supply of protective suits.
to ensure
I rushed to the street corner, __________ our community is on lockdown. 匆匆跑到街角，结果却发现我们社区被封了。
only to find
宾语
主语
动词不定式
表语
宾补
定语
状语
22. He didn’t know _________.
他不知道说什么。
7. 与疑问词等连用
what to say
teach， wonder, show, learn, forget, decide... + 疑问词+ to do
To tell you the truth, I am not happy at the
moment.
to be frank
to be honest
to tell you the truth
to begin with（首先）
to conclude （总之）
8. 独立结构(absolute construction)
1.-Would you like to have some coffee
-Yes, I'd like to.
2.--- Well, her parents wouldn’t allow her to go to the party, but she still ______.
A. hopes to B. hopes so C. hopes not D. hopes for
3.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _____.
A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to
9.动词不定式中原形动词的省略
not必须置于整个不定式结构之前。
We decided not to go there. 我们决定不去那儿了。
I wished never to see him again. 我希望永不再见到她。
10.动词不定式的否定式:
形 式 主 动 被 动
一般式
进行式
完成式
完成进行式
to do
to have done
to be doing
to be done
to have been done
to have been doing
.
一般式：to do
进行式：to be doing
不定式的时态
He has decided to donate some money.
He pretended to be working
hard when his boss passed him.
完成式：to have done
He happened to have seen the film before.
23.They pretended not to see us.
24. He pretended to be sleeping.
25.She pretended to have known it already.
(一般式表示与谓语的动作几乎同时.)
(进行式表示在谓语动词发生的同时,不定式的动作也正在进行)
(完成式表示动作发生在谓语动作之前)
翻译下列句子：
主动语态 to do
被动语态 to be done
Everyone likes the hero to be praised.
It is an honor for me ____________ to attend the meeting.
26. The novel is believed ___________________ (translate) into Chinese.
to have been translated
to be invited
注意比较：
1) Do you have anything to send
你有什么东西要寄吗？
2) Do you have anything to be sent
你有什么要（我或别人）寄的东西吗？
（不定式to send的动作执行者是you）
（不定式to be sent的动作执行者是
已被省略的me 或someone else）
Exercise
27.爱和被爱都是最大的幸福。
_____________________ are both great happiness.
28. 据说他已经完成了他的工作。
He is said _________________________.
29.根据报道他们已安全到达。
They are reported ___________________.
To love and to be loved
to have finished his work
翻译:
to have arrived safely
30.我想叫人立刻修理这辆自行车。
I want this bike ____________________.
31.玛利仿佛已经被告知此事了。
Mary seemed ______________________.
32.众所周知，奥运会上他被授予了一枚金牌。
He is known _________________ a gold medal at the Olympics.
to be repaired at once
to have been told about it
to have been given
动词不定式
宾语
主语
定语
表语
宾补
状语
与疑问词连用
独立结构
不定式的省略
不定式的否定式
不定式的时态
不定式的语态
thank you