广告公告—2025届高考英语二轮复习
一、
MINIBOSS & BIGBOSS SUMMER BUSINESS CAMP
Join us at our award-winning International Summer Business Camp! Together with students from all over the world, you will dive into experiencing life and culture. We've served over 9,000 students from 27 countries since 2000!
LOCATION
The camp is located 10 miles from Oxford, not far from London and Cambridge.
ACCOMMODATIONS
The camp provides full board. You will live in shared rooms in the boarding Thornton High School or Thornton College. Delicious English dishes are prepared by chefs.
AGE GROUPS
Miniboss groups: 9-11, 12-15
Bigboss groups: 15-18
POWERFUL PROGRAMMES
Explore Yourself in Business
This course provides you with a broad introduction to business, human full potential and self-realization. It equips you with the skills to successfully launch and manage your own business. Most importantly, you will develop the mindset to become a groundbreaking entrepreneur(企业家).
Academic Programme
Immerse (使沉浸于) yourself in the exciting business world through case studies of world-famous companies. In addition to training, the camp has many recreational activities and sports, which alternate with business games and daily evening reflection. On this course, you will:
Identify how to unlock your full potential and manage your own potential;
Strengthen your problem-solving abilities;
Develop cooperation skills;
Examine how leading entrepreneurs achieve their goals;
Learn to think like an entrepreneur.
1.What do we know about the camp
A. It has a history of 27 years. B. It is backed by Oxford and Cambridge.
C. It is clearly targeted at teenagers. D. It is open to students of all nationalities.
2.What can campers learn from the Explore Yourself in Business course
A. Teamwork spirit. B. Interpersonal skills.
C. Creative thinking. D. Problem-solving abilities.
3.What can the second programme do
A. Combine education with pleasure. B. Teach campers to set goals.
C. Offer jobs in world-famous companies. D. Train campers to think like adults.
二、
An extraordinary adventure is in store for you on the first floor of the Eiffel Tower: "Eiffel Tower Effect". This adventure, brought to you by the Eiffel Tower and designed by start-up Mira, presents new opportunities and invites visitors to take part in a virtual reality adventure charged with emotions, suspense and excitement!
You will form teams of 2 to 4 people fitted with virtual reality headsets(头盔) and be transported to a world aboard a Zeppelin flying around the Eiffel Tower. At the end of this thrilling adventure, if you complete your mission, you'll win a chance to take part in a night flight around the Eiffel Tower.
Experience duration: 12 minutes
Prices for the experience:
Tickets for the "Eiffel Tower Effect" can be bought on site, during your visit, in the Tower's official store located on the first floor!
Standard price (over age 12): ?15
Discount rate for children (aged 8—11) and people with disabilities: ?12
Opening times
Monday to Sunday from 10 a.m. to 8 p.m. — Last admission at 7:30 p.m.
Who can play
The experience is recommended for healthy adults and children aged 11 and over (not available to children under age 8). Please note: Because of the technology involved, virtual reality experiences are not recommended for pregnant women, people with heart problems, or people with balance or vision problems.
4.What can we learn about the "Eiffel Tower Effect"
A. It is a virtual reality adventure.
B. It is a night flight around the Eiffel Tower.
C. Visitors should finish a task to experience it.
D. Visitors will experience it on the top of the tower.
5.Who are unfit to participate in the adventure
A. Teenagers with disabilities. B. Women with glasses.
C. Old people in good health. D. People with heart diseases.
6.How much should a mother with her 9-year-old son pay
A. ?15. B. ?24. C. ?27. D. ?30.
三、
The Lake District Attractions Guide
Dalemain Mansion Historic Gardens
History, Culture Landscape(景观). Discover and enjoy 4 centuries of history, 5 acres of celebrated and award-winning gardens with the parkland walk. Owned by the Hasell family since 1679, home to the International Marmalade Festival. Gifts and antiques, plant sales, museums Mediaeval Hall Tearoom.
Open:29 Mar-29 Oct, Sun to Thurs.
Tearoom, Gardens & Gift Shop: 10:30-17:00 (16:00 in Oct) .
House:11:15-16:00 (15:00 in Oct) .
Town: Pooley Bridge Penrith
Abbot Hall Art Gallery & Museum
Those viewing the quality of Abbot Hall's temporary exhibitions may be forgiven for thinking they are in a city gallery. The impressive permanent collection includes Turners and Romneys and the temporary exhibition programme has Canaletto and the artists from St Ives.
Open: Mon to Sat and Summer Sundays.10:30-17:00 Summer.10:30-16:00 Winter.
Town: Kendal
Tullie House Museum & Art Gallery
Discover, explore and enjoy award-winning Tullie House, where historic collections, contemporary art and family fun are brought together in one impressive museum and art gallery. There are four fantastic galleries to visit from fine art to interactive fun, so there's something for everyone!
Open: High Season 1 Apr-31 Oct: Mon to Sat 10:00-17:00, Sun11:00-17:00,
Low Season 1 Nov-31 Mar: Mon to Sat 10:00-16:30, Sun 12:00-16:30.
Town: Carlisle
Dove Cottage & The Wordsworth Museum
Discover William Wordsworth's inspirational home. Take a tour of his Lakeland cottage, walk through his hillside garden and explore the riches of the collection in the Museum. Visit the shop and relax in the café. Exhibitions, events and family activities throughout the year.
Open: Daily, 09:30-17:30 (last admission 17:00).
Town: Grasmere
7.When is the House at Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens open on Sundays in July
A.09:30-17:30. B.10:30-16:00.
C.11:15-16:00. D.12:00-16:30.
8.What can visitors do at Abbot Hall Art Gallery & Museum
A. Enjoy Romney's works. B. Have some interactive fun.
C. Attend a famous festival. D. Learn the history of a family.
9.Where should visitors go if they want to explore Wordsworth's life
A. Penrith. B. Kendal. C. Carlisle. D. Grasmere.
四、
World Food Day Poster Contest
If you're aged between 5 and 19 and wherever you live, the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations wants to hear from you! Use your imagination and create a poster showing a world where no one is left behind and everyone has access to healthy and affordable food.
Rules:
●The registration period will end at 12:00 on Friday, November 3.
●The contest is divided into the following categories: from 5 to 8 years old, from 9 to 12 years old, from 13 to 15 years old and from 16 to 19 years old.
●Participants who submit more than one poster will be disqualified.
●All artworks must be original. And posters have to be drawn or painted with pens or colored pencils or be designed digitally.
●Posters may or may not include the text. If the text is used, no more than 25 words will be accepted. Don't include names, school names, age, contact information or photographic pictures of the competitors, etc.
●Posters can only be sent using the registration form provided for this purpose. All fields of the entry form must be completed and once the poster design has been uploaded, the SUBMIT button must be clicked.
●Only digital files in JPEG format will be accepted.
Prize:
●The selection committee will choose 15 posters in each category for the shortlist (决选名单) and inform them in December. Shortlisted candidates will receive a certificate for this achievement.
●A jury (评委会) will choose three winning posters from each category, and these winning posters will be announced on the World Food Day website.
●Winners will be promoted on FAO social media and will also receive a certificate of recognition and a surprise gift bag.
10.What is a requirement for the participants
A.They must present only one poster.
B.They must design their posters digitally.
C.They must upload their posters on Nov. 3.
D.They must provide their personal information.
11.How many posters will be chosen for the shortlist in all
A.15. B.30. C.45. D.60.
12.What will happen to the winners
A.They will become members of FAO.
B.They will be introduced on FAO media.
C.They will receive a lot of money.
D.They will get many bags full of posters.
五、
Independence is something that can be difficult to achieve. But don't worry because here we have four books that can help you. If you don't buy less than three of them, you'll be given a 20% discount!
The Total Money Makeover by Dave Ramsey
Taking care of your finance is hard. Dave Ramsey, a famous businessman, is here to take you on the whole process of planning your finance, and show the myths of cash advances and debt consolidation(债务重整), to make sure your finance is healthy.
Price: $14.49
Grace's Guide by Grace Helbig
Grace Helbig shared her tips to becoming a grown-up. The book is full of personal stories of Helbig, her struggles and the lessons she learnt from failing many times. This book is your on-the-go fun read with pictures and drawings of Helbig, and worksheets (作记录) to practice.
Price: $7.95
The Oh She Glows Cookbook by Angela Liddon
Having suffered from eating disorder and living on diet, Angela Liddon promised to eat healthily forever. She threw out her fat-free butter spray (黄油喷雾) and low-calorie frozen dinners after learning how to properly cook. This book contains more than 100 recipes (食谱) covering breakfast, salads, soups, power snacks and the main dishes for a healthy meal at any time of the day. We all know that healthy eating is all part of being independent.
Price: $22.22
Tiny Beautiful Things by Cheryl Strayed
Life can be hard, especially when it comes to relationships with others. In the book, Strayed gives advice on love and life. She writes about different subjects: a son rejected by his parents, a mother who has lost her child. And the message hidden throughout all her advice is always that, if you want a good life, you have to create it.
Price: $8.76
13.How much will you save at least if you buy three of the listed books
A.$5.68. B.$6.24. C.$8.95. D.$9.10.
14.What is special for the book Grace's Guide
A.It is about how to grow up healthily.
B.It is mainly about how to work better.
C.It is based on its author's life experience.
D.It teaches readers to learn from others' life stories.
15.Which book should you choose for someone who is bad at getting along with others
A.Grace's Guide.
B.Tiny Beautiful Things.
C.The Total Money Makeover.
D.The Oh she Glows Cookbook.
六、
Join us on a journey of discovery this summer at The New York Public Library! Discover free programs for kids, teens and adults.
Skills for the Workplace
Teens review professional workplace skills to prepare for their entry into the workforce. We'll reflect on challenging work situations, discuss how to respond to them, and learn about resources available for support.
Date: Wednesday, July 10
Location: Parkchester Library
Audience: Teens/ Young Adults
Adult Art Workshop
Join us for a basic painting using water colors or coloring pencils. Coloring promotes wellness, and also stimulates brain areas related to motor skills, the senses, and creativity. All materials will be provided. No Registration required.
Date: Monday, August 12
Location: Castle Hill Library
Audience: Adults
STEAM Crafts and Chat
Learn how to 3D print your own designs, express your creativity through drawing and painting, make jewelry by hand, and more at our weekly STEAM Crafts and Chat workshop. First come, first served.
Date: Wednesday, September 4
Location: Harry Belafonte Library
Audience: Teens/ Young Adults
Family Storytime
Join us for songs, rhymes, and favorite read-aloud books in this storytime that's fun for the whole family. For young children of all ages. Ideal for caregivers with multiple-aged children.
Date: Friday, September 6
Location: Riverdale Library
Audience: Pre-schoolers
If you have any questions about the events listed above, please contact the branch for more information. See here for service updates at the Library.
16.Which branch library should teens choose if they want to practice essential job skills
A. Parkchester Library. B. Castle Hill Library.
C. Harry Belafonte Library. D. Riverdale Library.
17.What can participants do in the program STEAM Crafts and Chat
A. Design a 3D printer. B. DIY hand-made jewelry.
C. Learn to serve others. D. Explore the New York city.
18.What do the programs have in common
A. They are targeted at teenagers.
B. They are free of charge.
C. They are available all summer
D. They need to be registered in advance.
七、
Branding Events of China Daily
Since its launch in 1981, China Daily has grown to become the nation's leading English-language newspaper. With a combined print, online and mobile readership of more than 350 million, it serves a vital role in telling the world about China, providing a valuable insight into the world's second largest economy. A series of branding events are conducted by China Daily to improve public diplomacy (外交) and international communication.
Vision China Lectures
A series of talks are organized by China Daily in which leading political and business figures are invited to speak and interact live with domestic and foreign audiences. The Vision China lectures focus on major issues facing China and the world, explore what China's story means for the world, and show how Chinese wisdom can help the world.
China Watch Think Tank Forum
Elites, including opinion leaders, politicians and business people with expertise(专业知识) on China, discuss topics on the development and the future of China and the world in China Watch Think Tank Forum.
Asia Leadership Roundtable
Asia Leadership Roundtable provides a platform for high-level dialog and communication among leaders and social elites in the fields of politics, business and academia in Asia.
"21st Century Cup" National English Speaking Competition
The competition is the most famous English-speaking competition in China. It is the qualifying round for students who wish to represent China in the International Public Speaking Competition in London.
For more details, click here.
19.What's the main purpose of launching China Daily
A. To hold various branding events.
B. To promote interpersonal communication.
C. To combine the print, online and mobile readership.
D. To help people around the globe know China better.
20.What do Vision China Lectures and Asia Leadership Roundtable have in common
A. They involve politicians and business people.
B. They focus on major issues facing China and the world.
C. They provide a platform for public dialog and communication.
D. They discuss topics on the development and the future of China and the world.
21.Where is the text probably from
A. A newspaper. B. A textbook. C. A website. D. A magazine.
八、
What's Playing
Great movies are coming to the theaters! It's time for those highly anticipated titles!
Timothee Chalamet stars in Wonka, the fantastic prequel(前传) to the story Willy Wonka and The Chocolate Factory. The film exhibits Wonka's remarkable adventure to discover the true meaning behind his sweet creations — candy. Filled with music, humor and magic, Wonka will absolutely delight audiences. Release date: Dec. 15, 2023 Duration: 116 mins Ticket price: $15.99 Packed with excellent visuals and action, Aquaman and the Lost Kingdom promises to be an unforgettable underwater adventure. As ruler of Atlantis, Aquaman faces a powerful ancient threat that poses danger to his underwater kingdom and the world above. With the help of his loyal friends, Aquaman sets out to fight the rising darkness. Release date: Dec. 22, 2023 Duration: 124 mins Ticket price: $19.99
Those in the mood for a nonfiction will want to see The Boys in the Boat. It centers around a group of working - class young men who form the University of Washington's rowing team. Against all odds, they set out for the 1936 Olympics, where they compete against Germany's dominant rowing team. Release date: Dec. 25, 2023 Duration: 120 mins Ticket price: $17.99 The Color Purple is the adaptation of the 1985 novel with the same name. In this movie, plentiful music adds a brand - new dimension to the story. The plot follows the lives and struggles of black women living in the South in the early 1900s. It tells how their love for one another shapes their lives. Release date: Dec. 27, 2023 Duration: 140 mins Ticket price: $9.99
Get ready and enjoy a whole lot of fun!
22.How much will you pay if you watch the longest movie
A. $9.99. B. $15.99. C. $17.99. D. $19.99.
23.Which movie tells a true story
A. Aquaman and the Lost Kingdom. B. The Boys in the Boat.
C. The Color Purple. D. Wonka.
24.What do Wonka and The Color Purple have in common
A. They contain intense action scenes.
B. They serve as prequels to a movie.
C. They dig the true meaning of loyalty.
D. They feature large amounts of music.
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段"Together with students from all over the world...over 9,000 students from 27 countries since 2000"可知，在这里，你可以与来自世界各地的学生一起，深人体验生活和文化。故选D。
2.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据Explore Yourself in Business部分"Most importantly, you will develop the mindset to become a groundbreaking entrepreneur(企业家)"可知，夏令营营员可以从这一课程中学到创新思维。故选C。
3.答案： A
解析：推理判断题。根据Academic Programme部分中"In addition to training, the camp has many recreational activities and sports, which alternate with business games and daily evening reflection"可知，该课程寓教于乐，既有教育意义，又有趣。故选A。
二、
4.答案： A
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段"invites visitors to take part in a virtual reality adventure charged with emotions, suspense and excitement"可知，这是虚拟现实的冒险体验。故选A。
5.答案： D
解析：细节理解题。根据Who can play 部分"virtual reality experiences are not recommended for pregnant women, people with heart problems, or people with balance or vision problems"可知，孕妇和有心脏病的人都不适合进行这项冒险。故选D。
6.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据Prices for the experience部分的内容可知，12岁以上价格是15，8-11岁打折后是12，因此15 +12=27，故选C。
三、
7.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一部分"House: 11:15-16:00 (15:00 in Oct)."可知, 在七月周日的参观时间是11:15-16:00, 故选C。
8.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二部分"The impressive permanent collection includes Turners and Romneys and the temporary exhibition programme has Canaletto and the artists from St Ives."可知，在这个博物馆可以欣赏到Romney的作品。故选A。
9.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一部分第一句以及最后一行"Town: Grasmere"可知, 如果游客想了解Wordsworth的生活可以去Grasmere。故选D。
四、
10.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据文章Rules部分中"Participants who submit more than one poster will be disqualified. (提交多于一张海报的参赛者将被取消参赛资格。)"可知，对参赛者的要求是他们只能提交一张海报。故选A。
11.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据文章Rules部分中"The contest is divided into the following categories: from 5 to 8 years old, from 9 to 12years old, from 13 to 15 years old and from 16 to 19 years old.(比赛分为5 - 8岁、9 - 12岁、13 - 15岁和16 - 19岁。)"可知，比赛分四个类别；再根据Prize部分中"The selection committee will choose 15 posters in each category for the shortlist(决选名单) and inform them in December.(评选委员会将在每个类别中选出15张海报进入决选名单，并于12月通知他们。)"可知，每个类别中选出15张海报进入决选名单，共四个类别，所以共60张海报会进入决选名单。故选D。
12.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据文章Prize部分中"Winners will be promoted on FAO social media and will also receive a certificate of recognition and a surprise gift bag.(获奖者将在粮农组织社交媒体上进行宣传，并将获得认可证书和惊喜礼品袋。)"可知，获奖者将在粮农组织媒体上被宣传。故选B。
五、
13.答案：B
解析：数字计算题。根据第一段"If you don't buy less than three of them, you'll be given a 20% discount!"可知，如果你买至少3本书以上,就会得到20%的折扣，如果你买了三本书，至少能省(14.49+7.95+8.76)×0.2=6.24，至少能省$6.24。故选B。
14.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据Grace's Guide by Grace Helbig部分中"The book is full of personal stories of Helbig"可知，《格雷斯指南》这本书的特别之处是基于作者的生活经历。故选C
15.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据Tiny Beautiful Things by Cheryl Strayed部分中"Life can be hard, especially when it comes to relationships with others."可知，对于不善于与人相处的人，你应该选择Tiny Beautiful Things这本书。故选B。
六、
16.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段"Discover free programs for kids, teens, and adults designed to prepare for their entry into the workplace. (为孩子、青少年和成年人提供免费项目，为他们进入职场做准备。)"可知，帕克赫斯特图书馆为青少年提供免费项目，为他们进入职场做准备。故选A。
17.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段"Learn how to 3D print your own designs, express your creativity through drawing and painting, make jewelry by hand, and more at our weekly STEAM Crafts and Chat workshop. (在我们的每周STEAM工艺和聊天工作室，学习如何3D打印自己的设计，通过绘画和绘画表达自己的创造力，手工制作珠宝，以及更多。)"可知，参加者可以自己动手做珠宝。故选B。
18.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段"Discover free programs for kids, teens, and adults designed to prepare for their entry into the workplace. (为孩子、青少年和成年人提供免费项目，为他们进入职场做准备)"可知，这些项目都是免费的。故选B。
七、
19.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段"With a combined print, online and mobile readership of more than 350 million, it serves a vital role in telling the world about China, providing a valuable insight into the world's second largest economy."可知，发行《中国日报》的主要目的是帮助全球人民更好地了解中国。故选D。
20.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据Vision China Lectures部分中"A series of talks are organized by China Daily in which leading political and business figures are invited"和Asia Leadership Roundtable部分中"a platform for high-level dialog and communication among leaders and social elites in the fields of politics, business and academia in Asia"可知，中国观察智库论坛和亚洲领导圆桌论坛都涉及政治家和商人。故选A。
21.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一句"For more details, click here."可知，文章可能来自一个网站。故选C。
八、
22.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据"Aqua man and the Lost Kingdom"部分的"Duration: 124 mins (时长124 分钟)"可知《海王2:失落的王国》时长124分钟；根据"The Boys in the Boat"部分的"Duration: 120 mins (时长120分钟)"可知《赛艇男孩》时长120分钟；根据"The Color Purple"部分的"Duration: 140 mins (时长140分钟)"可知《紫色》时长140分钟，且《紫色》的票价为$9.99。所以观看最长的电影《紫色》需要支付$9.99。故选A。
23.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据"The Boys in the Boat"部分的"Those in the mood for a nonfiction will want to see The Boys in the Boat. It centers around a group of working - class young men who form the University of Washington's rowing team. Against all odds, they set out for the 1936 Olympics, where they compete against Germany's dominant rowing team (那些想看非小说类作品的人会想看看《赛艇男孩》。它围绕着一群组成华盛顿大学赛艇队的工人阶级年轻人展开。尽管困难重重,他们还是出发参加1936年奥运会,与德国占主导地位的赛艇队竞争)"可知，《赛艇男孩》是一部非虚构作品，讲述了一群工人阶级的年轻人组成华盛顿大学赛艇队的真实故事。故选B。
24.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据文章中"monka"部分的"Timothee Chalamet stars in Wonka, the fantastic prequel(前传)to the story Willy Wonka and The Chocolate Factory. The film exhibits Wonka's remarkable adventure to discover the true meaning behind his sweet creations-candy. Filled with music humor and magic, Wonka will absolutely delight audiences. (Timothee Chalamet主演的《旺卡》是一部精彩的前传,讲述了威利·旺卡与巧克力工厂的故事,这部电影展现了旺卡寻找糖果背后真正含义的奇妙冒险。充满音乐、幽默和魔法,《旺卡》一定会让观众们感到愉快)"和"The Color Purple"部分的"The Color Purple is the adaptation of the 1985 novel with the same name. In this movie. plentiful music adds a brand -new dimension to the story(《紫色》是1985年同名小说的改编。在这部电影中,丰富的音乐为故事增添了全新的维度)"可知,《旺卡》充满了音乐、幽默和魔法,《紫色》电影中有大量的音乐为故事增添了全新的维度。所以两部电影的共同之处是都有大量的音乐。故选D。科教科普—2025届高考英语二轮复习
一、
The goal of this book is to introduce some of the cognitive(认知的) prejudices we have—and how misunderstandings can cloud our judgment and affect the people around us. This book also guides us on how to do our best to correct these thinking traps. Here are some examples.
The first one is that we tend to be overconfident in our abilities without enough evidence. This can lead us, for example, to mess up career-changing presentations because of lacking preparation, or greatly underestimate the time we may spend completing the projects.
We can correct this propensity by trying it out ourselves. This will quickly put any feelings of overconfidence to rest or fight this trend by over-preparing and considering potential problems in advance. For example, if we're decorating our homes and have no idea how long it will take, talk to friends who went through a recent case or consult with a few experts to understand the time the project costs and what problems may arise.
Another, which can be dangerous, is that we are likely to focus a lot more of our attention on negative events than positive ones. It explains why a friend's unenthusiastic review of a well-known movie might lead us to watch something else. This tendency can hold us back from making a decision about something, say a big purchase like a house, out of fear there was once a negative event associated with an otherwise good choice.
There are several suggestions here. Initially, when making a choice, stress the positive aspects of our options. Sellers use this approach all the time. For example, instead of saying the beef contains 11% fat, they label it is as 89% lean(纯瘦肉的). These are both true and accurate descriptions of the same product but describing it from the opposite of it can make it a more attractive choice for buyers concerned with fat intake.
1.What is the book aimed at
2.What does the underlined word "propensity" mean in paragraph 3
A. Tradition B. Over-preparation
C. Collection D. Tendency
3.What is the harm of prejudice according to paragraph 4
A. Buying useless things. B. Messing up presentations.
C. Missing big opportunities. D. Avoiding making decisions.
4.What will be talked about in the following paragraph
A. Analyzing reasons. B. Giving examples.
C. Adding suggestions. D. Making contrasts.
二、
While bees have a reputation for doing two things well：pollinating(授粉) flowers and making honey, they rarely receive the credit they deserve for their vital role in keeping a healthy grassland and maintaining a stable climate.
A grassland is one type of ecosystem where bees play multiple important roles. These often-ignored habitats are composed not just of grasses but of a broad community of wildflower species. Without the help of bees, flowering plants would no longer be able to reproduce at the same rate, eventually dying out, and we'd lose these species-rich ecosystems.
This would be a big problem for our planet because unlike the grasses that grow in your local park, native grassland plants have very deep roots that reach 15 feet or more into the soil. While a forest stores the majority of its carbon above ground in a tree's trunks and branches, most grassland carbon is safely held below ground within these roots. Unlike forests, which lose most of their carbon once their trunks have burned, the carbon within a healthy grassland remains beyond the reach of fire, providing a second line of defense against a changing climate.
A bee's impact below the soil line doesn't end with carbon storage. Many bees nest within the soil. These gatherings may include thousands of individual bees, whose nests may go many feet into the soil, providing air and opportunities for water conservation. Where they are found, bees play a significant role in ensuring that soils remain healthy.
Sam Droege, a famous wildlife biologist states that bees will go wherever they are called to-the flowers, plants, and grasslands acting as a homing signal guiding them forth. "They will travel impressive distances to feed on specific species of flowering plants," says Droege. "We've seen that even if the climate changes, the bees will still follow where the plants grow."
5.Why are bees crucial to a grassland ecosystem
A. They provide honey for wild species.
B. They can protect grasses from dying out.
C. They change the stability of the climate.
D. They help flowering plants' reproduction.
6.Where is most grassland carbon stored
A. In the trunks of the trees. B. In the roots of the plants.
C. In the surface of the soil. D. In the flowers above ground.
7.What is the main idea of the fourth paragraph
A. Where bees can be found B. Why bees nest underground.
C. How bees help soils stay healthy. D. Whether bees conserve water.
8.What can be inferred from Sam Droege's words
A. Bees are naturally attracted by plants.
B. It is difficult for bees to find enough to eat.
C. People can guide bees to read certain signals.
D. Bees' behaviors change with global warming.
三、
Forests have been embraced as a natural climate solution, due to their ability to soak up carbon dioxide from the atmosphere as they grow, locking it up in their trunks, branches, leaves, and roots. But a new study confirms widespread doubts about the potential for most forests in the Western US to help control climate change.
Published in Earth's Future, the paper analyzed trends in carbon storage across the American West from 2005 to 2019. Led by Jazlynn Hall, a forest and landscape ecologist at Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, the team found that throughout most of the region, climate change and fires may be causing forests to store less carbon, not more.
"There's a growing trend to use forests as natural climate solutions," said Hall. "Many climate mitigation(减轻) path ways rely in part on additional forest carbon storage to keep warming below 1.5℃ this century. We wanted to provide a base line for how much carbon is currently stored in Western forests, how it ' changing, and how disturbance like fire and drought pose a threat to climate mitigation targets."
The authors warn that many Western forests could see a rapid acceleration of carbon loss in the coming years or decades. "These challenged have the potential to compromise carbon storage capacity and weaken our ability to mitigate climate change," Hall cautions.
By providing a fire new view of threats at landscape and regional levels, Hall and colleague provide a framework(框架) that could help forest managers adapt site-specific strategies to strengthen forest resilience(复原力). They also identify the remaining areas with the lowest risk and highest potential to store carbon, such as the Pacific Northwest.
"Our study develops new methods to carefully estimate forest-carbon storage at a regional level, track it over time, and find out the causes of changes over time," said Hall. He expects the methods will be useful in monitoring carbon storage levels going forward, as well as assessing the carbon impacts of management efforts such as forest thinning and planned burning.
9.What does the underlined phrase "soak up" in paragraph l mean
A. Put down. B. Take in. C. Bring up. D. Give out.
10.Why was the study conducted
A. To assess the current situation of forests.
B. To promote forests' carbon storage capacity.
C. To find the best forests for carbon storage.
D. To measure the carbon released into forests.
11.What can we say about the future trend of Western forests
A. They will store more carbon. B. They will become more resilient.
C. Carbon loss will speed up. D. They will have no impact on climate.
12.What is the primary function of Hall's framework for forest management
A. Predicting future forest growth races.
B. Identifying high-risk areas for protection.
C. Mapping all the forests in the Western US.
D. Helping managers adapt strategies to forests.
四、
Nuclear bombs. That's the go-to answer for incoming space objects like asteroids(小行星) and comets, as far as Hollywood is concerned. Movies like Deep Impact and Armageddon rely on nuclear weapons, delivered by stars like Bruce Willis, to save the world and deliver the drama.
But planetary defense experts say in reality, if astronomers spotted a dangerous incoming space rock, the safest and best answer might be something more subtle, like simply pushing it off course by crashing it with a small spacecraft.
That's just what NASA did on Monday evening, when a spacecraft headed straight into an asteroid called Dimorphous, which is around 7 million miles away and poses no threat to Earth. It's about 525 feet across and orbits another larger asteroid.
In images streamed as the impact neared, the egg-shaped asteroid grew in size from a little spot on screen to have its full rocky surface come quickly into focus before the signal went dead as the craft hit right on target.
Events happened exactly as engineers had planned, they said, with nothing going wrong. "As far as we can tell, our first planetary defense test was a success," said Elena Adams, the mission systems engineer, who added that scientists looked on with "both terror and joy" as the spacecraft neared its final destination.
The impact was the peak of NASA's Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) ,a 7-year and more than $300 million effort which launched a space vehicle in November of 2021 to perform humanity's first ever test of planetary defense technology. It will be about two months, scientists said, before they will be able to determine if the impact was enough to drive the asteroid slightly off course, probably shortening its original orbit.
NASA plans to launch an asteroid-hunting space telescope named NEO Surveyor in 2026. "We've tacked lots of space rocks, especially the larger ones that could cause extinction-level events. Thankfully, none currently threaten Earth. But many asteroids the size of Dimorphous haven't yet been discovered, and those could potentially take out a city if they came crashing down. " explains Lindley Johnson, NASA's Planetary Defense Officer.
13. How did scientists know the craft hit the asteroid successfully
A. The signal from the craft was lost as it hit the target.
B. They recorded the whole process with a telescope.
C. The little spot on the screen suddenly disappeared.
D. They monitored the craft with satellites in space.
14. What is the purpose of launching the spacecraft
A. To search for evidence of alien life.
B. To end the asteroid's threat to Earth.
C. To save the world and deliver a drama.
D. To test technology for defending Earth.
15. What can be inferred about Dimorphous
A. It is a dangerous incoming space rock.
B. It is an egg-shaped asteroid around Earth.
C. It may orbit the same asteroid after the hit.
D. It is expected to blow up after the impact.
16. Which statement will Lindley Johnson probably agree with
A. Asteroids are equally destructive whatever the size.
B. NEO Surveyor is aimed to track smaller asteroids.
C. Larger asteroids will no longer threaten Earth.
D. NASA is responsible for the safety of Earth.
五、
Scientists have been trying to figure out how to alter the genes of humans for many years, and it looks like they've finally cracked (破解) the code. But while this may seem like a great step forward in science, some also believe that it's one step back when it comes to ethics (道德准则). In August, a group of scientists from the USA and South Korea worked together to successfully edit a human embryo (胚胎) and remove a genetic mutation (突变) that would have led to heart disease, reported The Guardian. This was done with the help of CRISPR, a gene-editing tool that allows scientists to "cut and paste" human DNA.
Although this was the first example of an embryo's genes being changed successfully, the advantages of gene editing have already been tested in living patients. In 2015, a five-month-old girl from the UK was saved after doctors used edited cells to fight off her cancer. As of today, she's alive and well. And in the USA last year, scientists managed to remove HIV cells from several patients by editing the genes inside their bodies.
Some people hope that in the future, diseases or birth defects could simply be "edited out". However, others believe this could lead to so-called designer babies, giving parents the option to choose everything from eye color to intelligence. "You could find wealthy parents buying the latest "upgrades" for their children, leading to even greater inequality than we already live with," Marcy Camovsky, director of the San Francisco Center for Genetics, told BBC News.
In spite of these ethical concerns, experts say it's not possible to create the "perfect" human being. Despite the progress scientists have made, we don't understand human genes enough to give all unborn children great brainpower or amazing singing abilities. "Right now, we know nothing about genetic enhancement," Hank Greely, a director at Stanford University, USA, told The New York Times. "We're never going to be able to say, honestly, this embryo looks like it would score high on the two-part SAT."
So it looks like if we want good exam results, or to impress people with our piano skills, we'll have to stick with the old fashioned method of plain hard work---at least for now.
17. The underlined word "alter" in Paragraph 1 probably means ________.
A. record B. change C. remove D. increase
18. What was the first successful example of human embryo gene editing
A. A genetic mutation related to heart disease was removed by scientists.
B. A newborn baby with cancer was saved by edited cells.
C. HIV cells were removed from patients9 bodies.
D. Some birth defects were simply edited out.
19. Why do some people consider human gene editing a step backwards
A. They don't think it is an effective way to fight diseases.
B. They are concerned that it could lead to genetic mutations.
C. They think it could lead to designer babies and increased inequality.
D. They worry that it could make parents abandon children with birth defects.
20. What can we conclude from the text
A. Gene editing is regarded as the perfect way to treat birth defects.
B. There is still a long way to go to fully understand human genes.
C. Gene editing could help enhance human intelligence in the near future.
D. Scientists are pessimistic (悲观的) about the future of gene editing.
六、
For decades, scientists thought of the brain as the most valuable a consequently most closely guarded part of the body. Locked safely behind the blood brain barrier, it was broadly free of the harm of viruses and the battles started the immune system. Then, about 20 years ago, some researchers began to wonder is the brain really so separated(分离) from the body The answer, according to growing body of evidence, is no.
The list of brain conditions that have been linked with changes elsewhere in the body is long and growing. Changes in the make-up of the microorganisms in the digestive system have been linked to disorders such as Parkinson's disease. There is also a theory that infection during pregnancy(孕期) could lead to brain disease sir babies.
The effect is two-way. There is a lengthening list of symptoms(症状) not typically viewed as disorders of the nervous system, but the brain plays a large part in them. For example, the development of a fever is influenced by a population of nerve cells that control body temperature and appetite. Evidence is mounting that cancers use nerves to grow and spread.
The interconnection between the brain and body has promising implications for our ability to both understand and treat illnesses. If some brain disorders start outside the brain, then perhaps treatments for them could also reach in from outside. Treatments that take effect through the digestive system, the heart or other organs, would be much easier and less risky than those that must cross the blood-brain barrier.
It also works in the opposite direction. Study shows mice have healthier hearts after receiving stimulation(刺激) to a brain area involved in positive emotion and motivation. Activation of the brain reward centre—called the ventral tegmental area(VTA)—seems to cause immune changes that contribute to it. Working out how this happens could help to des troy cancers, enhance responses to vaccines(疫苗) and even re-evaluate physical diseases that, for centuries, have not been considered as being psychologically driven.
21.What do the researchers focus on about the brain
A. Its protecting system. B. Its exposure to diseases.
C. Its controlling function. D. Its connection to the body.
22.How does the author support his idea in paragraph 2
A. By explaining a theory. B. By providing examples.
C. By making comparisons. D. By presenting cause and effect.
23.Which best describes treatments that do not cross the blood-brain barrier
A. Cheaper. B. More specific. C. Safer. D. More direct.
24.What does the study suggest in the last paragraph
A. Brain health depends on immune changes.
B. Brain stimulation leads to negative emotions.
C. The brain can help enhance psychological health.
D. The brain may be key to treating physical diseases.
七、
Lorian Schweikert, a biologist at the University of North Carolina, was fishing in the Florida Keys when she caught a hogfish—a type of fish that's known for its ability to change colors. Schweikert dropped it on the boat deck and continued fishing. When she later went to get the fish back, she was shocked to find that it had changed color to perfectly match the white deck — complete with little black circles that looked like the floor.
In 2018, Schweikert found that hogfish carry a gene for a light-sensitive protein called opsin(视蛋白) that is activated in their skin, and that this gene is different from the opsin genes found in their eyes. Other color-changing animals have been found to have light- sensing opsins in their skin, too. But exactly how "skin vision" works remains a mystery.
In a new study, Schweikert and biologist Sonke Johnsen teamed up to take a closer look at hogfish's skin. They took pieces of skin from different parts of the fish's body and took pictures of the skin under a microscope. Up close, a hogfish's skin looks like a special painting. Each dot of color is a specialized cell called a chromatophore(色素体) containing granules of pigment(色素颗粒) that can be red, yellow or black. They found that the light- sensitive protein was concentrated in a specific area right below the chromatophores.
It's the movement of these pigment granules that changes the skin color. Their findings suggest that the fish's light-sensitive opsins act somewhat like internal Polaroid film(柯达即时成像胶片), catching changes in the light that can pass through the pigment-filled cells above as the pigment granules gather or spread. "The animals can literally take a photo of their own skin from the inside." Johnsen said. "In a way, opsins can tell the animal what its skin looks like."
Lauren Sumner-Rooney, a researcher who wasn't involved in the study, said, "This is the first time we've seen a strong body of evidence for exactly how this works in fish—skin light sensing has been a rather mysterious ability for a long time. The hogfish seems like a great model to explore further questions."
25.What did Schweikert find shocking about the hogfish
A. It pretended to be dead.
B. It changed its shape rapidly.
C. It displayed attractive skin color.
D. It was integrated with the surroundings.
26.What does the new study aim to figure out
A. What the function of the opsin genes is.
B. Why color-changing animals can sense the surroundings.
C. How opsins in hogfish's skin help them change colors.
D. Which opsins in hogfish's skin differ from those in their eyes.
27.Why does the author mention the Polaroid film in Paragraph 4
A. To highlight the spread of the granules of pigment.
B. To explain the role of the light-sensitive opsins.
C. To introduce a new discovery about fish's vision.
D. To stress the importance of pigment granules' movement.
28.What is Lauren Sumner-Rooney's attitude towards the study findings
A. Appreciative. B. Cautious. C. Objective. D. Dismissive.
八、
In recent decades, experiments have begun to catch up with what people who work closely with animals have always known—that animals have an inner life, and consciousness isn't uniquely human.
Consciousness is a concept that is extremely difficult to define. There have been many attempts: is it awareness, or awareness of that awareness, or self-awareness instead But a useful working definition might be that it is any kind of subjective experience, ranging from how we perceive the external world to our inner thoughts and emotions. Because you can never be inside another living being's head, questions of consciousness are both hard to answer and open to bias (偏见).
Findings of experiments inspired a group of scientists in April to write The New York Declaration on Animal Consciousness, which now has over 300 supporters. It states that there is "strong scientific support for conscious experience" in mammals and birds and "at least a realistic possibility of conscious experience" in fish and other species.
That animals have some form of inner life must surely be self-evident to many people who live or work with them, just as I would guess that most carers of newborn babies don't see these infants as senseless automatic machines. The experiences of people with thorough knowledge of either have, historically, been viewed as subjective and biased, as emotional connection tends to influence logical reasoning. Our consciousness leads us to over-empathize with others we cannot truly know, the argument goes.
But, as the biologist Marc Bekoff wrote, if we humans have something, then other animals are likely to have it too. I personally feel that attempts to divorce emotion, feeling and experience from how we see animals can be as unscientific. For too long, we assumed that humans are unique and animals don't feel pain or emotions the way that we do, a convenient but cruel null hypothesis (无效假设), when we could have started from the position on that perhaps they do instead.
29.Which is a key characteristic of consciousness according to the passage
A. It means any emotional experience of humans.
B. It refers to individual's subjective experience.
C. It is all about how we perceive the external world.
D. It refers to a common quality shared by all animals.
30.Why are the carers of newborn babies mentioned
A. To show that animals are just as conscious as human babies.
B. To help readers understand why animals possess consciousness.
C. To argue against the view of people living or working with animals.
D. To explain why animal carers would assume animals have an inner life.
31.What might be the author's attitude towards Marc Bekoff's assumption about animal emotions
A. Doubtful. B. Objective. C. Supportive. D. Uncertain.
32.Which can be the best title of the passage
A. Consciousness Improved Through Practice
B. Questions of Human Consciousness Answered
C. Factors Affecting Animal Consciousness Discovered
D. Conscious Experience Found in Certain Animal Species
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段"The goal of this book is to introduce some of the cognitive(认知的) prejudices we have—and how misunderstandings can cloud our judgment and affect the people around us. This book also guides us on how to do our best to correct these thinking traps. (这本书的目的是介绍我们的一些认知偏见，以及误解如何影响我们的判断并影响我们周围的人。这本书还指导我们如何尽最大努力纠正这些思维陷阱。)"可知，这本书旨在改变思维模式。故选B。
2.答案：D
解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段"We can correct this propensity by trying it out ourselves. This will quickly put any feelings of overconfidence to rest or fight this trend by over-preparing and considering potential problems in advance. (我们可以通过自己尝试来纠正这种趋势。这将很快消除任何过度自信的感觉，或者通过提前过度准备和考虑潜在问题来对抗这种趋势。)可知，propensity的意思是"趋势"。故选D。
3.答案： C
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段"Another which can be dangerous is that we are likely to focus lot more of our attention on negative events than positive ones. It explains why a friend's unenthusiastic review of a well-known movie might lead us to watch something else. This tendency can hold us back from making a decision about something, say a big purchase like a house, out of fear there was once a negative event associated with an otherwise good choice. (另一个可能很危险的原因是，我们可能会把更多的注意力放在负面事件上，而不是正面事件上。它解释了为什么一个朋友对一部知名电影的不热情评论可能会让我们看别的东西。这种倾向会阻止我们对某件事做出决定，比如说像房子这样的大宗购买，因为害怕曾经有一个与其他好选择相关的负面事件。)"可知，偏见的危害是错失良机。故选C。
4.答案： C
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段"There are several suggestions here. Initially when making a choice, stress the positive aspects of our options. (这里有几个建议。最初，当做出选择时，强调我们选择的积极方面。)"可知，添加建议将在下面的段落中讨论。故选C。
二、
5.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段"Without the help of bees, flowering plants would no longer be able to reproduce at the same rate, eventually dying out, and we'd lose these species-rich ecosystems. (没有蜜蜂的帮助，开花植物将无法以同样的速度繁殖，最终灭绝，我们将失去这些物种丰富的生态系统。)可知蜜蜂对草原生态系统至关重要，因为它们有助于开花植物的繁殖。故选D。
6.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段"While a forest stores the majority of its carbon above ground in a tree's trunks and branches, most grassland carbon is safely held below ground within these roots. (虽然森林将地面上的大部分碳储存在树干和树枝中，但大部分草原碳安全地储存在地下这些树根中。)"可知，草原的大部分碳是储存在植物根部的。故选B。
7.答案：C
解析：段落大意题。根据第四段"Where they are found, bees play a significant role in ensuring that soils remain healthy. (在发现蜜蜂的地方，蜜蜂在确保土壤保持健康方面发挥着重要作用。)"可知，本段主要描述了蜜蜂对于保持土壤健康的积极作用。故选C。
8.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段"Sam Droege, a famous wildlife biologist states that bees will go wherever they are called to-the flowers, plants, and grasslands acting as a homing signal guiding them forth. 'They will travel impressive distances to feed on specific species of flowering plants,' says Droege. 'We've seen that even if the climate changes, the bees will still follow where the plants grow.' (著名的野生动物生物学家萨姆 德罗格指出，蜜蜂会去它们被召唤去的任何地方——鲜花、植物和草原是引导它们前进的归巢信号。'它们会走令人印象深刻的距离以特定种类的开花植物为食，'Droege说。'我们已经看到，即使气候变化，蜜蜂仍然会跟随植物生长的地方。')可知，植物对蜜蜂有天然的吸引力。故选A。
三、
9.答案：B
解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段"Forests have been embraced as a natural climate solution, due to their ability to soak up carbon dioxide from the atmosphere as they grow, locking it up in their trunks, branches, leaves, and roots. (森林被视为一种自然气候解决方案，因为它们在生长过程中能够吸收大气中的二氧化碳，并将其锁定在树干、树枝、叶子和根中。)"可知，这里的"soak up"指的是吸收、摄取。故选B。
10.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段"'There's a growing trend to use forests as natural climate solutions,' said Hall. 'Many climate mitigation(减轻) path ways rely in part on additional forest carbon storage to keep warming below 1.5℃ this century. We wanted to provide a base line for how much carbon is currently stored in Western forests, how it changing, and how disturbance like fire and drought pose a threat to climate mitigation targets.' (霍尔说：'利用森林作为自然气候解决方案的趋势日益明显。'。'许多减缓气候变化的途径部分依赖于额外的森林碳储存，以使本世纪的变暖保持在1.5℃以下。我们希望为西部森林目前储存的碳量、碳的变化以及火灾和干旱等干扰对气候减缓目标的威胁提供一个基线。')"可知，该研究的目的是评估森林的当前状况。故选A。
11.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段"'There's a growing trend to use forests as natural climate solutions,' said Hall. 'Many climate mitigation(减轻) path ways rely in part on additional forest carbon storage to keep warming below 1.5℃ this century. We wanted to provide a base line for how much carbon is currently stored in Western forests, how it changing, and how disturbance like fire and drought pose a threat to climate mitigation targets.' (霍尔说：'利用森林作为自然气候解决方案的趋势日益明显。'。'许多减缓气候变化的途径部分依赖于额外的森林碳储存，以使本世纪的变暖保持在1.5℃以下。我们希望为西部森林目前储存的碳量、碳的变化以及火灾和干旱等干扰对气候减缓目标的威胁提供一个基线。')"可知，该研究的目的是评估森林的当前状况，故选C。
12.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段"Our study develops new methods to carefully estimate forest-carbon storage at a regional level，track it over time，and find out the causes of changes over time，"said Hall. He expects the methods will be useful in monitoring carbon storage levels going forward，as well as assessing the carbon impacts of management efforts such as forest thinning and planned burning. (霍尔说："我们的研究开发了新的方法，可以在区域层面仔细估算森林碳储量，随着时间的推移进行跟踪，并找出随时间变化的原因。"。他预计，这些方法将有助于监测未来的碳储存水平，以及评估森林疏伐和计划燃烧等管理工作的碳影响。)可知，霍尔框架的主要功能是帮助管理者调整适应森林的策略。故选D。
四、
13.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段"In images streamed as the impact neared, the egg-shaped asteroid grew in size from a little spot on screen to have its full rocky surface come quickly into focus before the signal went dead as the craft hit right on target. (在撞击临近时流传的图像中,这颗蛋形小行星从屏幕上的一个小点变大,在信号消失之前,它的整个岩石表面迅速成为焦点,因为飞船正好击中目标。)"可知，科学家们是通过飞船撞击目标时失去了信号来知道飞船成功撞击小行星的。故选A。
14.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第六段"The impact was the peak of NASA's Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART), a 7-year and more than $300 million effort which launched a space vehicle in November of 2021 to perform humanity's first ever test of planetary defense technology. (这次撞击是美国宇航局双小行星重定向测试(DART)的最关键测试。这个于2021年11月发射航天器的测试将历时7年、耗资超过3亿美元,其目的就是进行人类第一次行星防御技术测试。)"可知，发射宇宙飞船的目的是测试保卫地球的技术。故选D。
15.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段"But planetary defense experts say in reality, if astronomers spotted a dangerous incoming space rock, the safest and best answer might be something more subtle, like simply pushing it off course by crashing it with a small spacecraft. (但行星防御专家说,在现实中,如果天文学家发现了一个即将来临的危险的太空岩石,最安全和最好的解决办法可能是一些更巧妙的东西,如简单地推动它偏离轨道与一个小航天器撞击。)"和第四段"That's just what NASA did on Monday evening, when a spacecraft headed straight into an asteroid called Dimorphous, which is around 7 million miles away and poses no threat to Earth. It's about 525 feet across and orbits another larger asteroid. (这正是美国国家航空和宇宙航行局(NASA)周一晚上所做的,当时一艘航天器径直撞向一颗名为迪莫弗斯(Dimorphous)的小行星,该小行星距地球约700万英里,对地球不构成任何威胁。直径约525英尺,围绕另一颗较大的小行星运行。)"和第五段的"As far as we can tell, our first planetary defense test was a success (据我们所知,我们的第一次行星防御测试是成功的)"可知，关于迪莫福洛斯，可以推断出撞击后,它可能会围绕同一颗小行星运行。故选C。
16.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句NASA plans to launch an asteroid-hunting space telescope named NEO Surveyor in 2026"(美国宇航局计划在2026年发射一架名为"NEO测量者"的小行星搜寻太空望远镜),以及Lindley Johnson说的话We've tacked lots of space rocks, especially the larger ones that could cause extinction-level events. Thankfully, none currently threaten Earth. But many asteroids the size of Dimorphous haven't yet been discovered, and those could potentially take out a city if they came crashing down.(我们已经发现了很多太空岩石,尤其是那些可能导致物种灭绝事件的较大岩石。值得庆幸的是,目前没有一个较大岩石威胁到地球。但许多二晶形大小的小行星尚未被发现,如果它们坠毁,它们可能会摧毁一座城市。)可知,NASA之前主要研究大行星,但其实未被发现的小行星才是对地球有威胁的。所以可推测出NEO Surveyor后期的目标应该是发现相对比较小的小行星。故选B。
五、
17.答案：B
解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段"Scientists have been trying to figure out how to alter the genes of humans for many years"可知，科学家们一直在寻找怎样编辑基因，故"change"(改变)符合题意。故选B。
18.答案：A
解析：细节辨认题。根据第二段"In August, a group of scientists from the USA and South Korea worked together to successfully edit a human embryo (胚胎) and remove a genetic mutation (突变) that would have led to heart disease, reported The Guardian."和第四段"Although this was the first example of an embryo's genes being changed successfully"可知，第一次成功的例子就是心脏病基因的移除。故选A。
19.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段"leading to even greater inequality than we already live with (造成比我们现在更大的不公平)"可知，基因编辑可能会加剧不平等现象。故选C。
20.答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。根据第五段"Right now, we know nothing about genetic enhancement (现在，我们对基因强化一无所知)"可知，到目前为止人类对基因编辑技术还不够深入了解，了解人类基因任重道远。故选B。
六、
21.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段"Then, about 20 years ago, some researchers began to wonder: is the brain really so separated(分离) from the body The answer, according to a growing body of evidence, is no. (然后，大约20年前，一些研究人 员开始怀疑：大脑真的与身体如此分离吗 根据越来越多的证据，答案是否定的。)"可知，研究人员主要研究大脑与身体的联系。故选D。
22.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段"The list of brain conditions that have been linked with changes elsewhere in the body is long and growing. Changes in the make-up of the microorganisms in the digestive system have been linked to disorders such as Parkinson's disease. There is also a theory that infection during pregnancy(孕期) could lead to brain diseases in babies. (与身体 其他部位变化相关的大脑状况很多，而且还在不断增加。消化系统中微生物组成的变化与帕金森病等疾病有关。还有一种理 论认为，怀孕期间的感染可能会导致婴儿脑部疾病。)"可知，这一段作者主要通过消化系统和怀孕期间的感染这两个例子来论 证自己的观点，说明大脑与身体没有那么分离。故选B。
23.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的"Treatments that take effect through the digestive system, the heart or other organs, would be much easier and less risky than those that must cros the blood-brain barrier. (通过消化系统、心脏或其他器官进行的治疗比 必须穿过血脑屏障的治疗更容易、风险更小。)"可知，不通过血脑屏障的治疗风险更小。故选C。
24.答案： D
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"Study shows mice have healthier hearts after receiving stimulation(刺激)to a brain area involved in positive emotion and motivation. Activation of the brain reward centre-called the ventral tegmental area(VTA)—seems to cause immune changes that contribute to it. Working out how this happens could help to destroy cancers, enhance responses to vaccines(疫苗) and even re-evaluate physical diseases that, for centuries, have not been considered as being psychologically driven. (研究表明，在大脑中涉及积极情绪和动机的区域受到刺激后，小鼠的心脏更健康。大脑奖赏中枢的激活——被称为中脑腹侧被盖区(VTA)——似乎会导致免疫变化。弄清楚这种情况是如何发生的，可以帮助摧毁癌症，增强对疫苗的反应，甚至重新评估几个世纪以来一直不被认为是心理驱动的躯体疾病。)"可知，大脑可能是治疗躯体疾病的关键。故选D。
七、
25.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段"When she later went to get the fish back, she was shocked to find that it had changed color to perfectly match the white deck—complete with little black circles that looked like the floor.(当她后来去把鱼拿回来时，她震惊地发现它已经变了颜色，与白色的甲板完全匹配——还有看起来像地板的小黑色圆圈)"可知，对于hogfish，Schweikert的震惊之处在于它能完美地与周围环境融合，与甲板的颜色和图案相匹配，故选D。
26.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的"They found that the light-sensitive protein was concentrated in a specific area right below the chromatophores.(他们发现这种光敏蛋白集中在色素体正下方的特定区域)"和第四段的"It's the movement of these pigment granules that changes the skin color. Their findings suggest that the fish's light- sensitive opsins act somewhat like internal Polaroid film (柯达即时成像胶片), catching changes in the light that can pass through the pigment- filled cells above as the pigment granules gather or spread.(正是这些色素颗粒的运动改变了皮肤的颜色。他们的发现表明，这种鱼的光敏视蛋白的作用有点像柯达内置即时成像胶片，当色素颗粒聚集或扩散时，捕捉光线的变化，这些光可以穿过上面充满色素的细胞)"可推断，研究目标是探明猪鱼的皮肤中的视黄醛如何帮助它们改变颜色，故选C。
27.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段提到的"Their findings suggest that the fish's light- sensitive opsins act somewhat like internal Polaroid film (柯达即时成像胶片), catching changes in the light that can pass through the pigment- filled cells above as the pigment granules gather or spread.(他们的发现表明，这种鱼的光敏视蛋白的作用有点像柯达内置即时成像胶片，当色素颗粒聚集或扩散时，捕捉光线的变化，这些光可以穿过上面充满色素的细胞)"可推断，提到科达即时成像胶片是为了说明猪鱼的光敏视蛋白的作用，类似于内置照相功能，可以感知皮肤的光线变化，故选B。
28.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段Lauren Sumner-Rooney说的话"This is the first time we' ve seen a strong body of evidence for exactly how this works in fish — skin light sensing has been a rather mysterious ability for a long time. The hogfish seems like a great model to explore further questions.(这是我们第一次看到强有力的证据来证明这在鱼类身上是如何工作的--长期以来，皮肤的光感应一直是一种相当神秘的能力。猪鱼似乎是探索进一步问题的一个很好的模型)"可推断，Lauren Sumner-Rooney认为这是第一次有可靠证据展示鱼类皮肤光感应的运作原理，认为猪鱼是进一步探索的好模型，这表明他以赞赏的态度看待这一研究，故选A。
八、
29.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。由文章第二段中"But a useful working definition might be that it is any kind of subjective experience, ranging from how we perceive the external world to our inner thoughts and emotions.(但一个有用的可行定义可能是，它是任何一种主观体验，从我们如何感知外部世界到我们的内心想法和情绪。)"可知，个体的主观体验是意识的关键特征。故选B。
30.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。由文章第四段中"That animals have some form of inner life must surely be self-evident to many people who live or work with them, just as I would guess that most carers of newborn babies don't see these infant as senseless automatic machines.(动物有某种形式的内在生命，这一点对许多与它们一起生活或工作的人来说肯定是不言而喻的，就像我猜大多数照顾新生儿的人不会把这些婴儿视为毫无意义的自动机器一样。)"可知，提到新生儿护理者的目的是为了解释为什么动物护理者会认为动物有某种形式的内在生命。故选D。
31.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。由文章最后一段中"But, as the biologist Marc Bekoff wrote, if we humans have something, then other animals are likely to have it too. I personally feel that attempts to divorce emotion, feeling and experience from how we see animals can be as unscientific.(但是，正如生物学家Marc Bekoff所写的那样，如果我们人类有某种东西，那么其他动物很可能也有。我个人认为，试图将情感、感觉和经验与我们看待动物的方式分离开来是不科学的。)"可知，作者认为Marc Bekoff关于动物情感的假设是科学的，并且作者支持这种假设。故选C。
32.答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第三段"Findings of experiments inspired a group of scientists in April to write The New York Declaration Animal Consciousness, which now has over 300 supporters. It states that there is "strong scientific support for conscious experience" in mammals and birds and "at least a realistic possibility of conscious experience" in fish and other species. (实验的发现启发了一组科学家在4月份撰写了《The New York Declaration Animal Consciousness》，现在有300多名支持者。它指出，在哺乳动物和鸟类中有"强有力的科学支持意识体验"，在鱼类和其他物种中"至少有现实的意识体验可能性"。)"可知，文章主要介绍了科学家在动物身上发现了意识体验，包括哺乳动物、鸟类以及鱼类和其他物种。因此，D选项"Conscious Experience Found in Certain Animal Species (在某些动物物种中发现意识体验)"符合题意。故选D。人工智能—2025届高考英语二轮复习
一、
Reunions offer a chance to reflect on how much has changed. One happened in Hollywood when Here premiered(首映), bringing together the actors, director and writer behind Forrest Gump 40 years later for a new film. The stars were "de-aged" using new AI tools, making them more youthful in some scenes and enabling the filmmakers to see the transformation in real time while shooting.
With the use of generative AI in film making come things worth watching. The first is how AI will be used to tell new types of stories, as storytelling becomes more personalised and interactive. No one is quite sure how the nature of storytelling will change, but it is sure to. David Thomson, a film historian, compares generative AI to the advent of sound. When movies were no longer silent, it changed the way plot points were made and how deeply viewers could connect with characters. Cristbba l Valenzuela, who runs a company providing AI-enhanced software, says AI is like a "new kind of camera", offering a fresh "opportunity to reimagine what stories are like". Both are right.
Another big development to watch is how AI will be used as a time-saving tool. Generative AI will automate and simplify complex tasks like film-editing and special effects. For a glimpse of the future, watch Everything Everywhere All at Once, which won the Academy Award for Best Picture in 2023. It featured a scene that used a "rotoscoping" tool to edit out the green-screen background and make a talking rock more believable. It shortened into hours what might have otherwise taken days of video-editing.
What is also noticeable is more dramatic conflicts between creators and those running AI platforms. This year is likely to bring floods of lawsuits (诉讼) from authors, musicians and actors about how their works have been used to train AI systems without permission or payment. Perhaps they can agree on some sort of licensing arrangement, in which AI companies start paying copyright-holders.
It will probably be a few years before a full-length film is produced entirely by AI, but it is just a matter of time.
1.What can we learn about the film Here
A. It relates a story about youth. B. The theme of the film is reunion.
C. AI tools are employed in the film. D. It is adapted from Forrest Gump.
2.What does David think of AI's application in film making
A. Transformative. B. Destructive.
C. Representative. D. Irreplaceable.
3.Why does the author mention the film Everything Everywhere All at Once
A. To show the high efficiency of AI tools.
B. To demonstrate the influence of the film.
C. To analyse a novel way of video-editing.
D. To praise the hard work behind the scenes.
4.What is the article mainly about
A. Conflicts between man and machine.
B. AI's huge effects on film production.
C. Drawbacks of dependence on AI tools.
D. Hot debate on the use of technology.
二、
ChatGPT, a new chatbot model developed by US-based AI research laboratory OpenAI, has quickly become a hit globally due to its advanced conversational capabilities,
It can write emails, computer codes, even academic papers and poems, and has passed a number of tests within seconds. Academicians worldwide are discussing whether AI should be used in education. Some universities have banned it. The New York City’s Department of Education, for example, banned the chatbot from its public school devices and networks, with some people warning that it could encourage more students to cheat, especially in exams.
Many more welcome this app, claiming that, like most technological advances and groundbreaking innovations in history, ChatGPT is a powerful tool for the development of higher education.
Embracing AI as early as possible is advisable. Higher education institutions should make preparations for including AI in their syllabus (教学大纲). They can start by offering related courses, because by understanding how it works, they can make better use of it. Besides, students with good knowledge of AI are more competitive when it comes to getting a good job, as an increasing number of jobs are being done by computer programmes-some in cooperation with humans, AI-powered education technologies can be adopted to make the learning experience more suitable for each student based on his or her strengths and weaknesses. As for professors, AI can free them from doing some dull tasks so they can concentrate on teaching and interacting with students.
Since we cannot avoid ChatGPT and other AI-powered applications from entering the field of higher education, we should make collective efforts to ensure they have a positive impact on society and the future of education Despite AI helping make learning much more interesting and enjoyable, humans need to work very hard to win the race with technology.
5.Why do some higher education institutions forbid ChatGPT
A. ChatGPT can write emails and computer codes quickly.
B. Some professors might not perform their duties properly.
C. Students would have conversations with each other via it.
D. Students might seek help from it in completing the exams.
6.What is the author’s attitude towards AI applications in education
A. Fearful. B. Disapproving. C. Supportive. D. Uncertain.
7.How can AI benefit students of higher education
A. It offers students an increasing number of jobs.
B. It personalizes students’ learning experience.
C. It equips students with competitive skills to cooperate with humans.
D. It handles uninteresting tasks so students can better focus on learning.
8.What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. We should guard against AI apps.
B. AI will be more widely used in education.
C. The future of education relies on AI apps.
D. Humans will be left behind by technology.
三、
Many people are busy experimenting with chatbots, hoping generative artificial intelligence (AI) can improve their daily lives. Scientists are several steps ahead. As reported, 10%or more of abstracts for papers in scientific journals now are written in part by large language models (LLMs). In fields such as computer science, that figure rises to 20%.
Scientists are not just devoted to laboratory work or thinking big thoughts. They face great demands, from writing papers and teaching to filling out endless gran t(拨款) applications. LLMs help by speeding up the writing of papers, thus freeing up time for scientists to develop new ideas or check for mistakes in their work.
The technology can also help level a playing-field that favours native English speakers, because many important journals are in their tongue. LLMs can help those who do not speak the language well translate and edit their text. Therefore, scientists everywhere can spread their findings more easily and be judged by the brilliance of their ideas rather than their language skills.
As with any technology, there are worries. Science received 10, 444 submissions last year, of which 83%were rejected before peer (同行) review. Some of these must have been AI-generated．
LLMs' lack of imagination may lead to plagiarism, in which they directly copy past work by humans. "Hallucinations" that are obviously wrong to experts, but very believable to everyone else, could also make their way into the text. And most worrying of all, writing can be an essential part of the research process, by helping researchers clarify and produce their own ideas. Too much reliance on LLMs could make science poorer.
Trying to restrict the use of LLMs is not the way to deal with these problems. Peer review will become more important. Pay reviewers for the time they sacrifice (牺牲) to check papers. Motivate researchers to do repeated experiments before writing a paper. Hiring and promotion committees at universities should ensure that scientists are rewarded based on the quality of their work and the quantity of new insights they generate.
9.What is a benefit of using LLMs according to the text
A. Filling out grant applications. B. Generating new ideas in the study.
C. Quickening the writing of papers. D. Assessing non-native speakers' work.
10.What can we learn about LLMs from Paragraph5
A. They can make scientists inactive in mind．
B. They are trained to have rich imagination.
C. They create mistakes that confuse experts.
D. They are heavily relied on by researchers.
11.How can people make better use of LLMs in the science world
A. By limiting the use of them in science. B. By investing in peer reviewing papers.
C. By describing lab work more precisely D. By employing scientists of good qualities.
12.What's the author's attitude towards LLMs
A. Doubtful. B. Tolerant. C. Objective. D. Conservative.
四、
Almost every day I've been having an alarming number of "what planet am I on " moments. This is particularly true when it comes to the topic of artificial intelligence.
Witness this headline from the New York Times: "The Godfather of AI Warns of Danger Ahead." Here's another one, from the New York Post: "Ex-Google Exec Mo Gawdat Warns Al Could Create Killing Machines." But don't worry! Here's more, from CNBC: "An Annual Meeting Attended by the World's Elite(精英) Has AI Top of the Agenda." These unaccountable, largely unelected rich people are apparently ready to solve the problems of this mad world. The assumption, it appears, is that this "honored" group has it all under control, which is funny given that the crazed AI cat is already miles out of its torn bag. I'll say it again: What planet am I on
But my friends, who decided all this, anyway Who made AI king The answer is nobody, and also everybody, I guess. No one's really in charge, and if we're honest with each other, there is not a thing anyone can do. As to me, I do try. I don't upload my photos to the cloud. I don't engage with ChatGPT, and I never use facial recognition on my phone—but my husband does both. "You're feeding the best!" I tell him. "Who cares " he usually replies, "It's happening with or without us."
Maybe AI will make it a lot easier to re-book airline tickets with flight credits that you unwillingly earned when the airline canceled your flight home from your ski vacation. Just kidding—of course it won't. But in all seriousness, I'm sure AI will make the government completely efficient. Ha! Got you again! Sometimes I like to think back to the 90's, when sizeable numbers of smart people were all complaining about the "end of history" and the general assumption was that things in the future would get ever more sensible. It all seems kind of funny now, doesn't it
Here's the good news: I just made my husband read this column, and he finally agreed to disuse facial recognition on his phone. The bad news: I think it requires facial recognition to get it done.
13.What is Paragraph 2 of the text mainly about
A. negative impacts of AI have become uncontrollable
B. AI technology has made significant advancements
C. we should dismiss Al warnings from experts
D. the world is amazed by the rapid development of AI
14.By mentioning her husband in paragraph 3, the author intends to __________.
A. criticize him for misusing AI
B. urge readers to resist the use of AI
C. demonstrate the possibility of being slave to AI
D. present a common perspective people have on AI
15.According to the passage, what is the author most likely to agree with
A. AI makes the world more sensible.
B. AI doesn't live up to our expectations.
C. AI makes the government less efficient.
D. AI can solve the complex problems humans are facing.
16.What is the author's tone in the text
A. Confident. B. Proud C. Ironic. D. Dismissive.
五、
AI could make it less necessary to learn foreign languages. That is good news for travelers, bad news for soulful connection.
Travel has long been a motivator for study — unless people start to feel AI tools offer a good-enough service. Some are concerned that apps are turning language acquisition into a dwindling pursuit. Douglas Hofstadter, a writer, has argued that something important will disappear when people talk through machines. He describes giving a hesitant, difficult speech in Mandarin, which required a lot of work but offered a sense of achievement at the end. Who would show off taking a plane to the top of Mount Everest
Others are less worried. Most people do not move abroad or have the kind of sustained contact with a foreign culture that requires them to put in the work to become fluent. Nor do most people learn languages for the purpose of humanizing themselves or training their brains. On their holiday, they just want a beer and pizza.
As AI translation becomes a more popular labour-saving tool, people will divide into two groups. There will be those who want to challenge their minds, put themselves in other cultures or force their thinking into new pathways. This lot will still take on language study, often aided by technology. Others will look at learning a new language with a mix of admiration and confusion, as they might with extreme endurance (忍耐力) sports: "Good for you, if that's your thing, but a bit painful for my taste."
But a focus on the learner alone misses the fundamentally social nature of language. It is a bit like analyzing the benefits of close relationships to heart health but overlooking the inner value of those bonds themselves. When you try to ask directions in broken Japanese or make a joke in hesitant German, you are making direct contact with someone. And when you speak a language well enough to tell a story with perfect timing or put subtle (微妙的) shading on an argument, that connection is still deeper.
17. What does the word "dwindling" mean in paragraph 2
A. Growing. B. Lasting. C. Declining. D. Challenging.
18. What is the underlined part "taking a helicopter to the top of Mount Everest" compared to
A. Using AI tools to do the translation.
B. Doing the work that gives you satisfaction.
C. Making effort to learn a new language.
D. Studying a language aided by technology.
19. Which of the following will the "Others" in paragraph 4 agree with
A. People should stretch their minds in life.
B. AI translation tools offer a good service.
C. Extreme endurance sports are worth trying.
D. Language learning builds deep connection.
20. What can we learn from the last paragraph
A. Language learning benefits learners alone.
B. Language learning is of value to human health.
C. We should reflect on language learning methods.
D. We should adopt a new angle on language learning.
六、
Our species' incredible capacity to quickly acquire words from 300 by age 2 to over 1, 000 by age 4 isn't fully understood. Some cognitive scientists and linguists have theorized that people are born with built-in expectations and logical constraints (约束) that make this possible. Now, however, machine-learning research is showing that preprogrammed assumptions aren't necessary to swiftly pick up word meanings from minimal data.
A team of scientists has successfully trained a basic artificial intelligence model to match images to words using just 61 hours of naturalistic footage (镜头) and sound-previously collected from a child named Sam in 2013 and 2014. Although it's a small slice of a child's life, it was apparently enough to prompt the AI to figure out what certain words mean.
The findings suggest that language acquisition could be simpler than previously thought. Maybe children "don't need a custom-built, high-class language-specific mechanism" to efficiently grasp word meanings, says Jessica Sullivan, an associate professor of psychology at Skidmore College. "This is a really beautiful study, " she says, because it offers evidence that simple information from a child's worldview is rich enough to kick-start pattern recognition and word comprehension.
The new study also demonstrates that it's possible for machines to learn similarly to the way that humans do. Large language models are trained on enormous amounts of data that can include billions and sometimes trillions of word combinations. Humans get by on orders of magnitude less information, says the paper's lead author Wai Keen Vong. With the right type of data, that gap between machine and human learning could narrow dramatically.
Yet additional study is necessary in certain aspects of the new research. For one, the scientists acknowledge that their findings don't prove how children acquire words. Moreover, the study only focused on recognizing the words for physical objects.
Still, it's a step toward a deeper understanding of our own mind, which can ultimately help us improve human education, says Eva Portelance, a computational linguistics researcher. She notes that AI research can also bring clarity to long-unanswered questions about ourselves. "We can use these models in a good way, to benefit science and society," Portelance adds.
21.What is a significant finding of machine-learning research
A. Vocabulary increases gradually with age.
B. Vocabulary can be acquired from minimal data.
C. Language acquisition is tied to built-in expectations.
D. Language acquisition is as complex as formerly assumed.
22.What does the underlined word "prompt" in paragraph 2 mean
A. Facilitate. B.Persuade. C. Advise. D. Expect.
23.What is discussed about the new research in paragraph 5
A. Its limitations. B. Its strengths. C. Its uniqueness. D. Its process.
24.What is Eva Portelance's attitude to the AI research
A. Doubtful. B. Cautious. C. Dismissive. D. Positive.
七、
Inspired by the medical bay of the USS Enterprise from Star Trek (星际迷航), a research team from the University of Waterloo uses radar technology to monitor people's health while at the wheel, turning an ordinary car or truck into a mobile medical center.
Dr. George Shaker, a professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Waterloo, is working with a team of graduate students to combine radar with evolving vehicle technology to make health checks easier. The idea is to use the time people spend in their cars to gather data on their health for accurate analysis and preventative treatment—without the need for any type of wearable.
The radar, smaller than a USB thumb drive, is placed into the vehicle cabin and sends out signals that detect human vibrations (颤动), which are then sent back to the radar. The built-in AI system collects and analyzes the data to build a medical picture and identify any potential conditions. At the end of the driver's journey, the system sends the report directly to their cell phone for review.
For Shaker and his team, the challenge was evolving the tech to identify changes in breathing patterns or heart rhythms that signify potential health issues related to cardiovascular conditions as well as respiratory system conditions.
"We focused on enhancing data collection for exact information related to people's respiratory and cardiovascular systems and teaching the AI how to make medical interpretations from this data. Another important consideration was personal privacy and security—no data is stored on the cloud; it is sent to the monitored person's cellphone only," said Ali Ghara, the lead Ph. D. student on the project.
The research team is building on this work to expand the radar technology's capabilities to monitor all vehicle occupants' overall health and well-being, run diagnostics and generate quality medical reports that flag any issues that need attention, as well as assist with emergency communication in the event of an accident.
25.What can we learn about the radar technology
A. It provides more precise health data than wearables.
B. It creates medical pictures to reveal healthy secrets.
C. It sends the health report to the driver's phone for review.
D. It combines with vehicle technology to assess the driver's health.
26.What can be inferred from Ali Ghara's words in paragraph 5
A. The AI needs training to collect health data.
B. AI's interpretation of medical data is accurate.
C. Cellphones monitor personal privacy and security.
D. The team is improving data collection and analysis.
27.What does the follow-up study aim to do
A. Ensure the privacy of medical reports.
B. Warn the drivers of potential accidents.
C. Enhance health monitoring for all passengers.
D. Apply the radar technology across vehicles.
28.Which is the most suitable title for the text
A. Ph. D. Students Build USS Enterprise on Wheels
B. Drivers Beware: Radar Spying on Your Heartbeats
C. Healthy Driving: Radar Monitors Health in Vehicles
D. Radars May Know Your Conditions Before You Do
八、
Everyone is worried about the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in health care. Opinion pieces debate the ability of AI to manage patient needs. Doctors are alternately criticizing and advocating for how it can be used in their practices, and patients are questioning how it will impact their quality of care and their bills. But the reality is that the big bad wolf at the door of the health care industry isn't the unknown of machine learning—it's the very real threat of innovation leading the charge without doctors controlling the direction.
Trust forms the bedrock of an ethical (道德的) health care system, which creates an environment that prioritizes the well-being of the patient above all else. Bu as health care startups (初创公司) attempt to reshape the delivery of patient care, major concerns have emerged regarding the prioritization of business interests over patient outcomes.
Innovation is the key to promising new treatments and cures that will ultimately change the lives of millions—but the lack of provider involvement in new health care businesses is putting patients in grave danger.
Health care is more complex than any other field, and demands the highest standards when it comes to ethical practices. There is no room for trial and error when human lives are on the line, nor is it acceptable to misuse private patient data for profit-driven purposes. Yet we're seeing new business models grow at alarming rates without regard for ethical health care practices. It's this "growth at all costs" attitude that blurs the lines between profitability and patient outcomes. Investors and executives are putting themselves in positions of power without any strategic advising from an experienced medical provider.
The modern-day patient has evolved significantly—individuals are showing up to appointments having done extensive research, and not always on reliable platforms. Patients must be mindful of what information they are giving out and the associated comfort level of it being shared. Medical history can have unexpected results for your entire life. Could the release of certain information impact your family, job, or career The provider's job is to advocate for the patient. This includes demanding transparency regarding data handling and security rules, challenging questionable marketing claims, and ensuring businesses prioritize evidence-based medicine and patient safety.
So, we have to make full use of a provider's influence and experience, ensuring they are used to promote patient well-being and protect their interests at every turn. As trusted custodians (管理人) of patient data, health care providers bear the responsibility of ensuring that the business prioritizes privacy protection and obeys data security rules. At the same time, startup companies must take steps to ensure data security and patient-centric ethical practices with medical professionals in advisory and decision-making positions.
29.What leads to the author's concerns about the role of AI in health care
A．The ability of AI to meet patients' needs.
B．The lack of doctors' guidance in practice.
C．Doctors' criticism of AI in their practices.
D．Patients' complaints about the quality of their care.
30.What does the underlined word "blurs" in Paragraph 4 most probably mean
A．Confuses. B．Links. C．Marks. D．Balances.
31.It is implied in this passage that we should ________.
A．limit the development of AI in health care startups
B．encourage doctors to be equipped with AI technologies
C．hold a critical view towards innovation in the health care area
D．inform patients of the threat of AI technologies in health care businesses
32.Which would be the best title for the passage
A．How Is Innovation Advocating for Patients
B．How Is Innovation Influencing People's Lives
C．How Are Some Health Care Startups Putting Patients at Risk
D．How Are Some Health Care Startups Developing AI Technologies
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段"The stars were "de-aged" using new AI tools, making them more youthful in some scenes and enabling the filmmakers to see the transformation in real time while shooting." (这些明星使用新的人工智能工具"减龄"，使他们在某些场景中更年轻，并使制片人能够在拍摄时实时看到他们的变化。)可知，《Here》影片中使用了人工智能工具。故选C。
2.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段"David Thomson, a film historian, compares generative AI to the advent of sound. When movies were no longer silent, it changed the way plot points were made and how deeply viewers could connect with characters." (电影历史学家大卫 汤姆森将生成式人工智能比作声音的出现。当电影不再是无声的时候，它改变了情节点的制作方式，也改变了观众与角色之间的联系。)可知，大卫认为人工智能在电影制作中的应用是变革性的。故选A。
3.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段"It featured a scene that used a "rotoscoping" tool to edit out the green-screen background and make a talking rock more believable. It shortened into hours what might have otherwise taken days of video-editing."（影片中有一个场景使用了"移动显微镜"工具来编辑绿幕背景，使会说话的石头更可信。它将原本可能需要几天时间的视频剪辑缩短到了几个小时）可知，作者提到电影《Everything Everywhere All at Once》是为了展示人工智能工具的高效率。故选A。
4.答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。根据第二段"With the use of generative AI in film making come things worth watching."（随着在电影制作中使用生成式人工智能，出现了一些值得观看的东西。）结合文章主要说明了人工智能工具开始应用于电影制作，并列举了两个值得关注的重大发展。可知，这篇文章的主要内容是人工智能对电影制作的巨大影响。因此B. AI's huge effects on film production.（人工智能对电影制作的巨大影响。）是本文的主旨大意。故选B。
二、
5.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段"The New York City’s Department of Education, for example, banned the chatbot from its public school devices and networks, with some people warning that it could encourage more students to cheat, especially in exams. (例如，纽约市教育部禁止该聊天机器人进入其公立学校的设备和网络，一些人警告说，这可能会鼓励更多学生作弊，尤其是在考试中。)"可知，一些高等教育机构禁止ChatGPT，因为学生可能会在考试中寻求帮助。故选D。
6.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段"Embracing AI as early as possible is advisable. (建议尽早拥抱人工智能。)"和最后一段"Since we cannot avoid ChatGPT and other AI-powered applications from entering the field of higher education, we should make collective efforts to ensure they have a positive impact on society and the future of education. (既然我们无法避免ChatGPT和其他人工智能应用进入高等教育领域，我们应该共同努力，确保它们对社会和教育的未来产生积极影响。)"可知，作者支持人工智能在高校教育中的运用。故选C。
7.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段"AI-powered education technologies can be adopted to make the learning experience more suitable for each student based on his or her strengths and weaknesses. (可以采用人工智能教育技术，根据每个学生的优势和劣势，使学习体验更适合每个学生。)"可知，人工智能能够根据学生个人情况定制学习体验。故选B。
8.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段"Since we cannot avoid ChatGPT and other AI-powered applications from entering the field of higher education, we should make collective efforts to ensure they have a positive impact on society and the future of education. Despite AI helping make learning much more interesting and enjoyable, humans need to work very hard to win the race with technology. (既然我们无法避免ChatGPT和其他人工智能应用进入高等教育领域，我们应该共同努力，确保它们对社会和教育的未来产生积极影响。尽管人工智能有助于使学习变得更有趣、更愉快，但人类需要非常努力地工作才能赢得与技术的竞争)"可知，我们不能避免人工智能进入高校教育，要与时俱进，确保人工智能发挥积极作用。故选B。
三、
9.答案： C
解析：根据第二段"LLMs help by speeding up the writing of papers, thus Freeing up time for scientists to develop new ideas or check for mistakes in their work."可知，LLMs加快了论文的写作。
10.答案： A
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段"And most worrying of all, writing can be an essential part of the research process, by helping researchers clarify and produce their own ideas. Too much reliance on LLMs could make science poorer."可知，写作过程能帮助研究人员捋清并产生自己的观点：过度依赖大语言模型会使科学变差。故选A。
11.答案： B
解析：细节理解题。根据第六段"Pay reviewers for the time they sacrifice to check papers."可知，同行评审要投入费用补偿其投入的时间精力。故选B。
12.答案： C
解析：推理判断题。根据文章结构，第二、三段介绍了LLMs的好处，第四、五段介绍了其弊端，最后一段针对问题提出了解决办法。可知，作者对LLMs的态度是客观的。故选C。
四、
13.答案：A
解析：词句猜测题。根据第二段"These unaccountable, largely unelected rich people are apparently ready to solve the problems of this mad world. The assumption, it appears, is that this "honored" group has it all under control, which is funny given that the crazed AI cat is already miles out of its torn bag." (这些不负责任的、大部分未经选举的富人显然已经准备好解决这个疯狂世界的问题。看起来，这个"光荣"的团体似乎已经控制住了一切，这很有趣，因为疯狂的人工智能猫已经从撕破的袋子里跑出来了。)可知，人工智能的负面影响已经变得无法控制。故选A。
14.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段"I don't upload my photos to the cloud. I don't engage with ChatGPT, and I never use facial recognition on my phone—but my husband does both. "You're feeding the beast!" I tell him. 'Who cares ' he usually replies, 'It's happening with or without us.'" (我不把照片上传到云端。我不使用ChatGPT，也从不在手机上使用面部识别功能——但我丈夫两者都用。"你在喂野兽！"我告诉他。"谁在乎呢？"他通常会回答："不管有没有我们，事情都会发生。")可知，作者提到自己的丈夫对于人工智能的看法，目的是提出人们对人工智能的共同看法。故选D。
15.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中"Maybe AI will make it a lot easier to re-book airline tickets with flight credits that you unwillingly earned when the airline canceled your flight home from your ski vacation. Just kidding—of course it won't. But in all seriousness, I'm sure AI will make the government completely efficient. Ha! Got you again!" (也许人工智能会让你更容易用航空公司取消你滑雪度假回家的航班时不情愿获得的航班积分来重新预订机票。开个玩笑——当然不会。但说真的，我相信人工智能将使政府完全高效。哈！又抓到你了！)可知，作者认为人工智能并没有达到我们的期望。故选B。
16.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据对文章的理解以及最后一段"Here's the good news: I just made my husband read this column, and he finally agreed to disable facial recognition on his phone. The bad news: I think it requires facial recognition to get it done."（好消息是：我刚刚让我丈夫读了这篇专栏，他终于同意禁用手机上的面部识别功能。坏消息是：我认为这需要面部识别才能完成。）可知，作者在短文中表达了对人工智能的担忧和不解，指出一些富有的人似乎准备解决这个疯狂世界的问题，但实际上没有人真正掌控局面。作者还讨论了自己对人工智能的态度，以及对人工智能可能带来的影响的一些幽默和严肃的看法。由此可推知，作者在文章中的语气是具有讽刺意味的。故选C。
五、
17.答案：C
解析：词义猜测题。根据上文"Travel has long been a motivator for study—unless people start to feel AI tools offer a good-enough service."可知，此处介绍人工智能工具对人们学习语言的动力的负面影响。由此推知，画线词所在句表示"一些人会担心应用程序正在把语言习得变成日渐式微的追求"，由此猜测dwindling意为"越来越少的"，与declining意思一致。故选C。
18.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段"Douglas Hofstadter, a writer, has argued that something important will disappear when people talk through machines ... Who would show off taking a helicopter to the top of Mount Qomolangma "可知，道格拉斯 霍夫施塔特的描述突出了学习语言伴随着挑战自我、战胜自我的成就感，但是当人们通过机器交谈时，一些重要的东西，如这种成就感就会消失。由此可知，"坐直升机登上了珠穆朗玛峰"就好比"使用人工智能工具进行翻译"，前者缺失的是参与登山带来的成就感,后者缺失的是不依赖机器参与语言学习带来的成就感。故选A。
19.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段"Others will look at learning a new language with a mix of admiration and confusion, as they might with extreme endurance sports: 'Good for you, if that's your thing, but a bit painful for my taste.'"可知，这一类人会认为学习一门新语言令人钦佩，但是不适合自己，没有必要尝试。故选B。
20.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，我们不能仅关注学习者,语言本身的社交本质更值得关注，学习语言会加深我们与他人之间的联系。故选D。
六、
21.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段"Now, however, machine-learning research is showing that preprogrammed assumptions aren't necessary to swiftly pick up word meanings from minimal data. (然而，现在机器学习研究表明，要从最少的数据中快速获取单词的含义，并不需要预先编程的假设。)"可知，机器学习研究的一个重要发现是词汇可以从最小的数据中获得。故选B。
22.答案：A
解析：词句猜测题。根据第二段"A team of scientists has successfully trained a basic artificial intelligence model to match images to words using just 61 hours of naturalistic footage and sound-previously collected from a child named Sam in 2013 and 2014. (一组科学家已经成功地训练了一个基本的人工智能模型，只需使用61小时的自然镜头和声音，就能将图像与文字匹配起来——这些镜头和声音之前是在2013年和2014年从一个名叫萨姆的孩子身上收集的。)"可知，虽然只是孩子生活中的一小部分，但显然足以促使人工智能弄清楚某些单词的意思。prompt意为"促使"。故选A。
23.答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。根据第五段"Yet additional study is necessary in certain aspects of the new research. For one, the scientists acknowledge that their findings don't prove how children acquire words. Moreover, the study only focused on recognizing the words for physical objects. (然而，在这项新研究的某些方面，还需要进一步的研究。首先，科学家们承认，他们的发现并不能证明儿童是如何习得词汇的。此外，这项研究只关注于识别实物的单词。)"可知，主要讲述了这项新研究的局限性。故选A。
24.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段"She notes that AI research can also bring clarity to long-unanswered questions about ourselves. We can use these models in a good way, to benefit science and society, Portelance adds. (她指出，人工智能研究也可以让我们自己长期未解之谜变得清晰。我们可以很好地利用这些模型，造福科学和社会，Portelance补充说。)"可知，Eva Portelance对人工智能研究的态度是积极的。故选D。
七、
25.答案： D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段"Inspired by the medical bay of the USS Enterprise from Star Trek (星际迷航), a research team from the University of Waterloo uses radar technology to monitor people's health while at the wheel, turning an ordinary car or truck into a mobile medical center. (受《星际迷航》中企业号航空母舰医疗舱的启发，滑铁卢大学的一个研究小组使用雷达技术在驾驶时监测人们的健康状况，将一辆普通汽车或卡车变成了一个移动医疗中心。)"和第二段"Dr. George Shaker, a professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Waterloo, is working with a team of graduate students to combine radar with evolving vehicle technology to make health checks easier. (滑铁卢大学电气与计算机工程系教授George Shaker博士正在与一组研究生合作，将雷达与不断发展的车辆技术相结合，使健康检查更容易。)" 可知，雷达技术结合车辆技术，来评估驾驶员的健康状况。故选D。
26.答案： D
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段"We focused on enhancing data collection for exact information related to people's respiratory and cardiovascular systems and teaching the AI how to make medical interpretations from this data. (我们专注于加强与人们呼吸和心血管系统相关的确切信息的数据收集，并教人工智能如何根据这些数据进行医学解释。)"可知，团队正在改善数据收集和分析的能力。故选D。
27.答案： C
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段"The research team is building on this work to expand the radar technology's capabilities to monitor all vehicle occupants' overall health and well-being, run diagnostics and generate quality medical reports that flag any issues that need attention, as well as assist with emergency communication in the event of an accident. (研究团队正在这项工作的基础上扩展雷达技术的能力，以监测所有车辆乘客的整体健康和福祉，运行诊断程序，生成高质量的医疗报告，标记任何需要注意的问题，并在发生事故时协助进行紧急通信。)"可知，团队将增强对所有乘客的健康监测。故选C。
28.答案： C
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文和第一段"Inspired by the medical bay of the USS Enterprise from Star Trek (星际迷航), a research team from the University of Waterloo uses radar technology to monitor people's health while at the wheel, turning an ordinary car or truck into a mobile medical center. (受《星际迷航》中企业号航空母舰医疗舱的启发，滑铁卢大学的一个研究小组使用雷达技术在驾驶时监测人们的健康状况，将一辆普通汽车或卡车变成了一个移动医疗中心。)"可知，本文介绍了研究团队利用雷达技术将车辆转变为移动医疗中心，监测驾驶者的健康状况。因此"健康驾驶：雷达在车辆中监测健康"适合作本文的标题。故选C。
八、
29.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段"But the reality is that the big bad wolf at the door of the health care industry isn't the unknown of machine learning—it's the very real threat of innovation leading the charge without doctors controlling the direction. (但现实情况是，医疗保健行业门口的大恶狼并不是机器学习的未知领域，而是在没有医生控制方向的情况下引领创新的真正威胁。) "可知，作者感到担忧是因为实践中缺乏医生的指导。故选B。
30.答案：A
解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段"Yet we're seeing new business models grow at alarming rates without regard for ethical health care practices. (然而，我们看到新的商业模式正在以惊人的速度增长，而不考虑道德医疗实践，) "和"Investors and executives are putting themselves in positions of power without any strategic advising from an experienced medical provider. (投资者和高管们在没有经验丰富的医疗服务提供商提供任何战略建议的情况下，把自己放在了权力的位置上。)"可知，画线句表示：正是这种不惜一切代价增长的态度模糊了盈利能力和患者治疗结果之间的界限。bur的意思为"模糊"，blur和confuse意思相近。故选A。
31.答案：C
解析：推理判断题，根据第五段"The provider's job is to advocate for the patient. This includes demanding transparency regarding data handling and security rules, challenging questionable marketing claims, and ensuring businesses prioritize evidence-based medicine and patient safety. (提供者的工作是为患者辩护，这包括要求数据处理和安全规则的透明度，质疑可疑的营销主张，并确保企业优先考虑循证医学和患者安全。) "可知，文章暗示我们应对医疗保健领域的创新持批判态度。故选C。
32.答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。根据第二段"Bu as health care startups (初创公司) attempt to reshape the delivery of patient care, major concerns have emerged regarding the prioritization of business interests over patient outcomes. (但是，当医疗保健初创公司试图重塑患者护理的交付方式时，主要的担忧已经出现，即商业利益优先于患者结果。) "并通读全文可知，文章主要讨论了医疗初创公司如何通过创新来重塑患者护理，但缺乏医疗提供者的参与将患者置于危险之中。故选C。饮食—2025届高考英语二轮复习
一、
"I know when to go out, and when to stay in.", English rock star David Bowie once confidently sang in his hit single. When it comes to consuming food, the decisiveness claimed by the singer-songwriter is hard to achieve. I disagree with the statement and argue it's better to eat out than to order home delivery.
To begin with, when setting foot in a restaurant, we're immediately greeted not only by a server ready to seat us, but by a flood of physical feelings—the eyes take in the internal decoration of the place, the nose breathes in the pleasant smell of expertly plated food and the ears pick up on competing sounds of customer chatter and attractive in-store music. To eat out is to experience an atmosphere unique to each restaurant. Something as special as that simply can't be reproduced by ordering home delivery. Eating out is, without doubt, the more exciting and thus better choice.
Eating out becomes even more appealing when staying home proves too painful. Whether it is because we need a temporary fight from our family or that we simply want to spend some quality time outside with loved ones, going out for a meal can be a break from the hard labour of domestic living.
We could take it as an opportunity for self-care—to treat ourselves by dressing up, arriving in style at a fancy restaurant and ordering a slightly more luxurious meal to refresh our weary soul. Ordering home delivery would only contribute to feelings of being penned in while; eating out is an escape for the trapped individual. Food delivery app users reason it's a trouble and less convenient to dress up and eat out.
However, it's worth noting we may not always get our food in the most satisfactory condition when opting for home delivery. There's a risk of receiving food orders with missing items or even entirely wrong orders that can't be sent back. What we sacrifice for convenience might just wind up being inconvenient. Consequently, it makes more sense to eat out rather than risk disappointment by ordering home delivery.
1. What does the author mainly talk about
A. Dining options. B. Cuisine culture.
C. Consumption level. D. Food categories.
2. What advantage of eating out is highlighted in paragraph 2
A. Quality service. B. Comfort and convenience.
C. Sensory enjoyment. D. A reasonable mix of nutrition.
3. What does the author think of ordering home delivery
A. It's quite pricey. B. It may let consumers down.
C. It may cause food waste. D. It's not environmental-friendly.
4. How is the text developed
A. By providing examples. B. By following space order.
C. By making comparisons. D. By analyzing mental processes.
二、
About one-tenth of the world's population suffers from hunger and nearly one in three people face food insecurity, according to recent estimates. Yet behind those striking figures hides another, closely related threat: water insecurity.
In a new 25-country study, researchers report a strong link between water insecurity, a lack of reliable access to sufficient water, and food insecurity. The researchers analyzed data from a nationally representative sample of over 31, 000 people ages 15 and older in 25 low-and middle-income countries across Africa, Latin America and Asia. Overall, about 18% of participants were classified as water insecurity. This ranged from about 15%in Asia to over 34% in sub-Saharan Africa.
The findings, based on data collected for the first time in 2020 by Northwestern University and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations(FAO), suggest that improving access to water could be key to sustainably and effectively addressing food insecurity in many places.
While the study did not assess the causes of food or water insecurity, researchers said several factors could explain the linkage. For those living in poverty, spending money on water can mean less money available for food. For farmers, water insecurity can mean less water available for growing crops and raising livestock. Time is also an issue: Traveling far from home to collect water shifts the time available to generate income or prepare food.
Based on these findings, researchers suggested food insecurity and water insecurity should be measured and addressed at the same time. This would ensure that insufficient water does not pose an additional barrier to food security and in particular to food utilization(使用), for example, by preventing people from using food provided by food assistance programs because there is no water to prepare it. As such, efforts to improve access to water could also bring benefits for food security.
5.What is the purpose of paragraph 1
A. To list some figures. B. To make an estimate.
C. To introduce the topic. D. To make a comparison.
6.How did researchers make their findings
A. Through experimental test. B. Through doing surveys.
C. Through field research. D. Through data analysis.
7.How could food insecurity be effectively solved according to the text
A. By bettering water supply. B. By raising food awareness.
C. By exploring water sources. D. By improving access to food.
8.What may affect the use of food from assistance programs
A. No place to prepare it. B. Lack of water to cook it.
C. No means to transport it. D. Short of money to buy it.
三、
Few people can refuse a delicious ice cream, especially on a hot day. The only thing that stops the fun is that the treat is hard to enjoy slowly, ending up with a sticky, melted mess. Now, researchers from Colombia's Pontifical Bolivarian University may have found an unlikely thing to help solve this age-old problem — a kind of fibre from banana plant waste.
Bananas as you probably know, grow in groups on a tree-like plant. Each group is connected to a central rachis (叶轴), which is thrown once the fruit has been gathered. The team, which was led by Dr. Robin Zuluaga Gallego, began by abstracting /drawing out cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) from the powdered rachis. The tasteless fiber, thousands of times smaller than the width of a human hair, was then added to 100 grams of ice cream mix.
With the right amount of CNFs mixed in the dessert lasted longer in its frozen state than the traditional ice cream, extending the amount of time that the treat can be enjoyed. What was even more exciting was that the fibre increased the stickiness of the low-fat ice cream to levels higher than the full-fat one. Since this is what determines the frozen treat's creaminess and taste, CNFs could help create the healthier ice cream without influencing the taste of it.
The researchers, who presented their findings at the American Chemical Society( ACS) meeting in New Orleans in March, 2018, next plan to study how different types of fat, such as coconut oil, influence the behaviour of CNFs in other frozen treats.
The Colombian researchers are not the only ones working on creating a slower-melting ice cream. In 2015, scientists at the University of Dundee in Scotland found that a natural protein called BsIA was very effective in keeping the treat frozen for longer periods of time. With both teams fighting to be the first to get to the market, the future of everyone's favorite dessert certainly looks bright.
9.What prevents people enjoying an ice cream slowly
A. A kind of fibre from bananas. B. The fat in the ice cream.
C. The ice cream's stickiness. D. The ice cream's quick melting.
10.Why were CNFs added to ice cream mix
A. To improve its taste. B. To increase its stickiness.
C. To reduce its fat content. D. To make it melt more slowly.
11.What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 3 refer to
A. The ice cream. B. The fiber. C. The fat. D. The stickiness.
12.What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. BsIA is popular in the market.
B. CNFs are more useful and expensive than BsIA.
C. Slowly enjoying an ice cream will soon become a reality.
D. Ice creams with CNFs have been on sale at the market.
四、
The relationship between Jeffrey Pang and his son, Kevin Pang, was like hot-and-sour soup. It boiled over easily. The Pangs, who moved to the United States in 1988, wanted their son and daughter to know Chinese culture. As a video game-playing American teen, Kevin wasn't interested.
But when Kevin became a food writer for the Chicago Tribune, he realized he had a valuable resource: his cook-laving dad. "My father and I shared, for the first time, a common interest. I would call to ask about recipes and cooking techniques. He would school me on the world of Chinese food," Kevin writes in the introduction to the cookbook he has just published.
When it comes to cooking Chinese food, he points out that there is no one definition of Chinese food. "Chinese cooking is not hidebound. For example, consider baked pork chop rice, popularized in Hong Kong. It is a pork chop with egg-fried rice. And then you top it with this thick tomato sauce," explains Kevin. "And then you top that with some cheese. It's a very interesting combined dish that has some Western British influences, and it's altogether very Chinese as well."
By the time Kevin joined America's Test Kitchen (ATK) staff in 2020 as its editorial director for digital content, his dad had become an Internet celebrity demonstrating the family's recipes. Kevin recognized an opportunity not only to share his own family's food stories but also to apply the ATK method of breaking down recipes into simple steps for the home cook.
"I think this cookbook can teach fathers and sons how to connect, how to find a common interest and improve their relationship, " Kevin says. That feeling has found an enthusiastic fan base, generating nearly 3 million views, for their online cooking series "Hunger Pangs", where viewers speak highly of their father-son bond as much as they do of their attractive dishes. Today the Pangs' relationship is rarely sour or hot.
13.Why would Kevin phone his father after becoming a food writer
A. To publish his Chinese cookbook.
B. To inquire about hot-and-sour soup.
C. To seek permission for video games.
D. To ask about cooking Chinese food.
14.What does the underlined word "hidebound" in paragraph 3 mean
A. Inflexible. B. Inclusive. C. Unpleasant. D. Uncertain.
15.What can we infer about Kevin and his father from the passage
A. Their relationship has improved.
B. They run America's. Test Kitchen.
C. They do dishes to attract followers.
D. Their cookbook is about low-fat food.
16.What is the best title of the passage
A. Cooking at home helps you cook well for less.
B. Father and son jointly teach Chinese cooking.
C. Chinese culture is becoming popular in the us.
D. Recipes and cooking techniques are really easy.
五、
Drinks to keep you cool as the world heats up
For months, I've been researching the drinks that people in hot places use to cool down. And I'm going to share four of my favorites that have been getting me through the hot days in my air conditioner-free apartment.
Limonana
I've rarely seen a lemonade that I didn't want to get my hands on, but this one is next-level. The recipe I used, from two Egyptian American sisters, is simple. If you're a fan of cool drinks, this one is their sweet, workday-friendly cousin.
Mango Lassi
Am I going to lie and tell you that I've made a mango lassi in my dirty electric machine that can barely turn ice cream into milkshake No. I haven't. What I have done is drive down the street and purchase a crate of them from one of my favorite restaurants. But if I were going to attempt these, I'd probably start with this recipe from Tea for Turmeric.
Mint Tea
Haters will say a hot drink doesn't belong to this list. To those people, I say: I believe in science. In all seriousness, folks in some of the hottest parts of the world have been drinking hot tea to cool down for centuries. And while the particular type of tea varies from culture to culture, mint tea has been my saving grace this summer.
Red Drink
There are versions of this everywhere from Dakar to Bridgetown to Galveston. And while Red drink is often associated with Juneteenth, it's available in different ways and cooling enough to be consumed all season long. The possibilities for this drink are endless, and the recipes are everywhere.
17.What does the author think of Limonana
A. It's hard to prepare. B. It's much too sweet.
C. It's born for workdays. D. It's better than other lemonade.
18.Which of the following is a hot drink
A. Limonana. B. Mango Lassi. C. Mint Tea. D. Red Drink.
19.What do the four drinks have in common
A. They involve complex processing methods.
B. They are ready-made and workday-friendly.
C. They are prepared for people in cold winter.
D. They are for people in hot places to cool down.
六、
Recently, campaigners have encouraged us to buy local food. This reduces" food miles", that is, the distance food travels to get from the producer to the retailer. They reason that the higher the food miles, the more carbon emissions. Buying local food, therefore, has a lower carbon footprint and is more environmentally friendly.
However, the real story is not as simple as that. If our aim is to reduce carbon emissions, we must look at the whole farming process, not just transportation. Other processes, including fertilization, storage, heating and irrigation, contribute much more.
In fact, imported food often has a lower carbon footprint than locally grown food. Take apples for example. In autumn, when apples are harvested, the best option for a British resident is to buy British apples. However, the apples we buy in winter or spring have been kept refrigerated for months, and this uses up a lot of energy. In spring, therefore, it is more energy- efficient to import them from New Zealand, where they are in season. Heating also uses a lot of energy, which is why growing tomatoes in heated greenhouses in the UK is less environmentally friendly than importing them from Spain, where the crop grows well in the local climate.
We must also take into account the type of transport. Transporting food by air creates about 50 times more emissions than shipping it. However, only a small proportion of goods are flown to the consumer country, and these are usually high value, perishable items which we cannot produce locally. Even then, these foods may not have a higher carbon footprint than locally grown food. For example, beans flown in from Kenya are grown in sunny fields using manual labour and natural fertilizers, unlike in Britain, where we use oil- based fertilizers and diesel machinery. Therefore, the total carbon footprint is still lower.
It's also worth remembering that a product's journey does not end at the supermarket. The distance consumers travel to buy their food, and the kind of transport they use will also add to its carbon footprint. So driving a long way to shop for food will negate any environmental benefits of buying locally grown produce.
Recently, some supermarkets have been trying to raise awareness of food miles too. But ultimately, the measures are too simple. Lots of different factors contribute to a food's carbon footprint besides the distance it has travelled.
20.Why is importing apples from New Zealand more energy- efficient for British residents in spring
A. It reduces food miles.
B. British apples are in short supply.
C. New Zealand apples are cheaper.
D. British apples have been stored under energy- consuming conditions.
21.Which of the following statements is correct according to the passage
A. All imported food has a higher carbon footprint than locally grown food.
B. Beans flown in from Kenya have higher carbon footprints than grown in Britain.
C. Transporting food by air always results in a higher carbon footprint than growing local food.
D. Only considering food miles is an oversimplified way to assess a food's environmental impact.
22.The underlined word "negate" in paragraph 5 probably means _______.
A. enhance B. ignore
C. cancel out D. misunderstand
23.What is the author's attitude towards buying local food
A. Strongly supportive. B. Completely opposed.
C. Cautiously skeptical. D. Somewhat indifferent.
七、
My mom is an immigrant from China. She speaks Mandarin. She is culturally and ethnically Chinese. She cooks Chinese food every night. She even complains when the local restaurants are not authentic—according to her, most of them are awful.
But weirdly enough, she also enjoys American Chinese food. When she wants to meet with her friends, who are also Chinese immigrants, she likes to have lunch with them at P. F. Chang's. She likes Panda Express, and she is quick to point it out whenever we are at a food court with one.
Why, then, does American Chinese food seem to have a bad reputation among Chinese Americans I see this kind of sentiment on the Internet: how American Chinese food, like Panda Express, isn't "real" Chinese food, how it's so much worse than actual Chinese food, how it's "fake" and "unauthentic," or when people joke about how eating it would be a disgrace to their family. While a lot of these things are technically true, they give American Chinese food too much flack.
American Chinese food deserves to be seen as its own legitimate cuisine. It's important to distinguish American Chinese food from authentic Chinese food. They are not the same cuisine and should not be treated the same.
Like American Chinese food, many foods are borrowed from different cultures. Ramen(拉面) originated from China, but we associate it with Japan because Japanese people made their own version of the dish. Japan also has its own form of curry (咖喱). Should we avoid Japanese ramen and Japanese curry, then Of course not, and American Chinese cuisine isn't even the only variation of Chinese cuisine that exists: Indian Chinese cuisine is a popular fusion spin-off, for example.
In fact, American Chinese food is often created by Chinese immigrants themselves adapting their cuisine to cater to the American taste palette. It's not necessarily a bad thing to have to adapt, as people from different countries will always have differences in taste; that's just how it is. So there's nothing wrong with going out to an American Chinese restaurant, because chances are that you're supporting a "real" Chinese business. In this way, American Chinese food actually is real Chinese food.
24.How does the author's mother like American Chinese restaurants
A. She complains but enjoys them.
B. She thinks they are awful enough.
C. She regards them as distinct.
D. She thinks they deserve no consumers.
25. What does the underlined word in paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Praise. B. Evaluation. C. Criticism. D. Comments.
26. Why does the author use "ramen" and "curry" as examples
A. To push us to rethink the origin and history of many foods.
B. To prove that Japanese people are good at making new dishes.
C. To urge that we should avoid eating Japanese ramen and curry.
D. To stress that foods borrowed from other nations are acceptable.
27. What is the author's attitude towards American Chinese food
A. Cautious. B. Sympathetic. C. Indifferent. D. Ambiguous.
八、
You are what you eat—and what you eat may be encoded in your DNA. Studies have indicated that your genetics play a role in determining the foods you find delicious or disgusting. "Everything has a genetic component, even if it's small," says Joanne Cole, a geneticist and a professor at the University of Colorado School of Medicine. "We know there is some genetic contribution to why we eat the foods we eat. Can we take the next step and actually show the exact position of the regions in the genome(染色体) "
A new research led by Cole has gotten a step closer. Through a large-scale genomics analysis, her team has identified 481 genome regions that were directly linked to dietary patterns and food preferences. The findings were presented at the American Society for Nutrition's annual flagship conference.
They were based on a 2020 Nature Communications study by Cole and her colleagues that used data from the U. K. Biobank, a public database of the genetic and health information of 500,000 participants. By scanning genomes, the new analysis was able to home in on 194 regions associated with dietary patterns and 287 linked to specific foods such as fruit, cheese, fish, tea and alcohol.
"This study had a huge number of subjects, so that's really powerful," says Monica Dus, an associate professor at the University of Michigan, who wasn't a part of the new research but studies the relationship between genes and nutrition. "The other thing that I thought was really great is that they have so many different characteristics that they're measuring in respect to diet. They had cholesterol, the body, socioeconomic backgrounds."
As the research advances, Dus says such genome analyses could possibly help health care providers — and even policymakers — address larger issues that affect food access and health. "Instead of trying to obsess over telling people to eat this or that, a more powerful intervention is to link it to making sure there aren't ‘food deserts' or to make sure that there's a higher minimum wage — things that have a broader impact," she says.
28.What is the purpose of Cole's new research
A. To encode the role of DNA in determining food choices.
B. To select genetic components tightly related to food consumption.
C. To figure out the relationship between genetics and food preferences.
D. To identify specific regions in the genome related to food preferences.
29.What's paragraph 3 mainly about
A. The process of the study. B. The findings of the study.
C. The data-source of the study. D. The significance of the study.
30.What does Monica Dus mean in the text
A. The subjects of the study are powerful.
B. The research team studied many aspects linking to diet.
C. The genome analyses have no prospect in the future.
D. People's wage should be raised because of "food deserts".
31.Which of the following can be the best title of the text
A. What You Eat Impacts Your Health
B. What You Eat Forms Your Dietary Pattern
C. Your Genes May Determine Your Nutritional Need
D. Your Genes May Influence What You Like to Eat
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段"I disagree with the statement and argue it's better to eat out than to order home delivery." (我不同意这种说法，并认为在外面吃饭比点外卖送到家要好。)和最后一段"Consequently, it makes more sense to eat out rather than risk disappointment by ordering home delivery."(因此，在外就餐更有意义，而不是冒着失望的风险点外卖送到家。)可知，作者在文章中把"在外面吃饭"和"点外卖送到家"两种就餐方式进行了比较，因此作者主要谈论了用餐选择问题。故选A。
2.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段"To begin with, when setting foot in a restaurant, we're immediately greeted not only by a server ready to seat us, but by a flood of physical feelings—the eyes take in the internal decoration of the place, the nose breathes in the pleasant smell of expertly plated food and the ears pick up on competing sounds of customer chatter and attractive in-store music."(首先，当我们走进一家餐厅时，迎接我们的不仅是一位准备让我们就座的服务员，还有一种洪流般的身体感觉——眼睛注视着餐厅的内部装饰，鼻子呼吸着精心烹制的食物的怡人气味，耳朵听到顾客相互竞争的聊天声和吸引人的店内音乐。)可知，外出就餐可以让眼睛、鼻子和耳朵等感官都获得享受。故选C。
3.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段"There's a risk of receiving food orders with missing items or even entirely wrong orders that can't be sent back. What we sacrifice for convenience might just wind up being inconvenient. Consequently, it makes more sense to eat out rather than risk disappointment by ordering home delivery."(收到的食品订单有丢失的风险，甚至是无法退回的完全错误的订单。我们为了方便而牺牲的东西最终可能会变得不方便。因此，在外就餐更有意义，而不是冒着失望的风险点外卖送到家。)可知，作者认为点外卖面临着订单丢失或订单错误的风险，这会让消费者感到失望。故选B。
4.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段"To eat out is to experience an atmosphere unique to each restaurant. Something as special as that simply can't be reproduced by ordering home delivery."(外出就餐是为了体验每一家餐厅特有的氛围。像这样特别的东西根本无法通过点外卖送到家来复制。)和第三段"Eating out becomes even more appealing when staying home proves too painful."(当待在家里太痛苦时，外出就餐变得更有吸引力。)可知，作者将"在外面吃饭"和"点外卖送到家"两种就餐方式进行了比较，告诉读者"在外面吃饭"的好处。由此可知，文章是通过比较发展起来的。故选C。
二、
5.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段"About one-tenth of the world's population suffers from hunger and nearly one in three people face food insecurity, according to recent estimates. Yet behind those striking figures hides another, closely related threat: water insecurity. (根据最近的估计，世界上约有十分之一的人口遭受饥饿，近三分之一的人面临粮食不安全。然而，在这些惊人的数字背后隐藏着另一个密切相关的威胁：水资源不安全。)"可知，第一段的目的是引出主题。故选C。
6.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段"In a new 25-country study, researchers report a strong link between water insecurity, a lack of reliable access to sufficient water, and food insecurity. The researchers analyzed data from a nationally representative sample of over 31，000 people ages 15 and older in 25 low-and middle-income countries across Africa, Latin America and Asia. Overall, about 18% of participants were classified as water insecurity. This ranged from about 15%in Asia to over 34% in sub-Saharan Africa. (在一项针对25个国家的新研究中，研究人员报告说，水资源不安全、缺乏获得足够水的可靠途径和粮食不安全之间存在密切联系。研究人员分析了来自非洲、拉丁美洲和亚洲25个低收入和中等收入国家的31000多名15岁及以上的全国代表性样本的数据。总体而言，约18%的参与者被归类为水资源不安全。这一比例从亚洲的15%到撒哈拉以南非洲的34%以上不等。)"可知，研究人员是通过数据分析来得出他们的发现的。故选D。
7.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段"The findings, based on data collected for the first time in 2020 by Northwestern University and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations(FAO), suggest that improving access to water could be key to sustainably and effectively addressing food insecurity in many places. (根据西北大学和联合国粮食及农业组织于2020年首次收集的数据，这些发现表明，改善水资源获取可能是可持续和有效解决许多地方粮食不安全问题的关键。)"可知，通过改善供水可以有效地解决粮食不安全问题。故选A。
8.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段"This would ensure that insufficient water does not pose an additional barrier to food security and in particular to food utilization, for example, by preventing people from using food provided by food assistance programs because there is no water to prepare it. (这将确保缺水不会对粮食安全，特别是对粮食利用造成额外的障碍，例如，防止人们因为没有水来准备而使用粮食援助项目提供的食物。)"可知，缺少烹饪的水会影响援助项目中食物的使用。故选B。
三、
9.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段"The only thing that stops the fun is that the treat is hard to enjoy slowly, ending up with a sticky, melted mess. (唯一破坏乐趣的是，这种款待很难慢慢享受，最后往往会变成黏糊糊的、融化的烂摊子。)"可知，冰淇淋很快就融化了妨碍人们慢慢享用冰淇淋。故选D。
10.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段"With the right amount of CNFs mixed in the dessert lasted longer in its frozen state than the traditional ice cream, extending the amount of time that the treat can be enjoyed. (当加入适量的CNFs后，甜点在冷冻状态下比传统冰淇淋更持久，延长了保质期和享受甜点的时间。)"可知，在冰淇淋混合物中加入CNFs使得它融化得更慢。故选D。
11.答案：A
解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段"Since this is what determines the frozen treat's creaminess and taste, CNFs could help create the healthier ice cream without influencing the taste of it. (因为这是决定冷冻处理的奶油味和口感的因素，CNFs有助于在不影响冰淇淋口感的情况下创造出更健康的冰淇淋。)可知，划线词it指前文的ice cream。故选A。
12.答案：C
解析：推理判断题．根据最后一段"The Colombian researchers are not the only ones working on creating a slower-melting ice cream. In 2015, scientists at the University of Dundee in Scotland found that a natural protein called BsIA was very effective in keeping the treat frozen for longer periods of time. With both teams fighting to be the first to get to the market, the future of everyone's favorite dessert certainly looks bright. (哥伦比亚的研究人员并不是唯一致力于创造一种融化速度更慢的冰淇淋的人。2015年，苏格兰邓迪大学的科学家发现，一种名为"BsIA"的天然蛋白质能有效延长冰冻时间。随着这两个团队争先恐后地进入市场，大家最喜爱的甜点的未来无疑是光明的。"可知，慢慢享用冰淇淋很快就会成为现实。故选C。
四、
13.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段"I would call to ask about recipes and cooking techniques. (我会打电话询问食谱和烹饪技巧。)"可知，他打电话的目的是询问有关烹饪中国菜的问题。故选D。
14.答案：A
解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段"there is no one definition of Chinese food (中国菜没有一个统一的定义)"和"For example, consider baked pork chop rice, popularized in Hong Kong. It is a pork chop with egg-fried rice. And then you top it with this thick tomato sauce," explains Kevin. 'And then you top that with some cheese. It's a very interesting combined dish that has some Western British influences, and it's altogether very Chinese as well.' (比如在香港流行的烤猪排饭。这是猪排配蛋炒饭。然后在上面撒上厚厚的番茄酱，'凯文解释道。'然后在上面放一些奶酪。这是一道非常有趣的组合菜，既有西方英国的影响，又非常具有中国特色。')"可知，中国菜的做法不是一成不变的。故选A。
15.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段"That feeling has found an enthusiastic fan base, generating nearly 3 million views, for their online cooking series "Hunger Pangs", where viewers speak highly of their father-son bond as much as they do of their attractive dishes. Today the Pangs' relationship is rarely sour or hot. (这种感觉已经为他们的在线烹饪系列《饥饿的痛苦》找到了一个热情的粉丝群，产生了近300万的观看量，在这个节目中，观众对他们的父子关系和他们的美味菜肴给予了高度评价。如今，彭氏父子的关系很少酸涩或紧张。)"可知，他们的父子关系改善了。故选A。
16.答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。根据第四段"By the time Kevin joined America's Test Kitchen (ATK) staff in 2020 as its editorial director for digital content, his dad had become an Internet celebrity demonstrating the family's recipes. Kevin recognized an opportunity not only to share his own family's food stories but also to apply the ATK method of breaking down recipes into simple steps for the home cook. (当凯文于2020年加入美国测试厨房(ATK)担任数字内容编辑总监时，他的父亲已经成为展示家庭食谱的网红。凯文意识到这是一个机会，不仅可以分享自己家庭的食物故事，还可以应用ATK的方法，将食谱分解成简单的家庭烹饪步骤。)"可知。本文主要介绍父子二人合作，一步步教学中国菜的故事。故选B。
五、
17.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据Limonana部分的"I've rarely seen a lemonade that I didn't want to get my hands on, but this one is next-level. (我很少见过我不想喝的柠檬水，但这杯更棒。)"可知，作者认为此款柠檬水比其他柠檬水好。故选D。
18.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据Mint Tea部分的"In all seriousness, folks in some of the hottest parts of the world have been drinking hot tea to cool down for centuries. (说真的，几个世纪以来，世界上一些最热地区的人们一直在喝热茶来降温。)"可知，Mint Tea是热饮。故选C。
19.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段"For months, I've been researching the drinks that people in hot places use to cool down. And I'm going to share four of my favorites that have been getting me through the hot days in my air conditioner-free apartment. (几个月来，我一直在研究炎热地区人们用来降温的饮料。我要分享四个我最喜欢的东西，它们让我在没有空调的公寓里度过了炎热的日子。)"可知，文章主要介绍了帮助炎热地方的人降温的四种饮料，他们的共同之处为可以为在炎热地方的人降温。故选D。
六、
20.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段"However, the apples we buy in winter or spring have been kept refrigerated for months, and this uses up a lot of energy. In spring, therefore, it is more energy- efficient to import them from New Zealand, where they are in season. (然而，我们在冬季或春季购买的苹果已经冷藏了数月，这会消耗大量能源。因此，在春季，从新西兰进口苹果更节能，因为那里的苹果正当季。)"可知，英国在春季时，苹果已被冷藏数月，处于耗能状态，所以从新西兰进口苹果更节能。故选D。
21.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段"If our aim is to reduce carbon emissions, we must look at the whole farming process, not just transportation. (如果我们的目标是减少碳排放，我们必须考虑整个农业生产过程，而不仅仅是运输。)"和最后一段"Lots of different factors contribute to a food's carbon footprint besides the distance it has travelled. (除了食物运输的距离之外，还有许多不同的因素会影响食物的碳足迹。)"可知，只考虑食物里程来评估食物对环境的影响过于简单。故选D。
22.答案： C
解析：词义猜测题。根据第五段"It's also worth remembering that a product's journey does not end at the supermarket. The distance consumers travel to buy their food, and the kind of transport they use will also add to its carbon footprint. So driving a long way to shop for food will negate any environmental benefits of buying locally grow n produce. (同样值得记住的是，产品的旅程并不在超市结束。消费者购买食物所走的距离以及他们使用的交通方式也会增加食物的碳足迹。所以，开车很远去购买食物会使得购买本地种植产品的任何环境效益都无效。)"可知，开车很远去购买食物会使得购买本地种植产品的任何环境效益都无效。C项"cancel out(抵消)"与划线词含义相近。故选C。
23.答案： C
解析：作者的态度在全文多处体现,如第二段中的" However, the real story is not as simple as that.(然而,实际情况并非如此简单。)"表明作者对购买本地食物持谨慎态度，并非简单地支持或反对。同时，通过分析不同因素对食物碳足迹的影响，也能看出作者的谨慎怀疑态度。
七、
24.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段"But weirdly enough, she also enjoys American Chinese food. When she wants to meet with her friends, who are also Chinese immigrants, she likes to have lunch with them at P. F. Chang's. She likes Panda Express, and she is quick to point it out whenever we are at a food court with one. (但奇怪的是，她也喜欢美式中餐。当她想和她的朋友们聚餐时，她喜欢在P.F. Chang's餐厅与他们一起用午餐。她喜欢熊猫快餐，每当我们在一个美食广场看到它时，她都会迅速指出。)"可知，作者的母亲喜欢美式中餐，并享受在美式中餐馆与朋友聚餐。故选A。
25.答案：C
解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段"I see this kind of sentiment on the Internet: how American Chinese food, like Panda Express, isn't "real" Chinese food, how it's so much worse than actual Chinese food, how it's "fake" and "unauthentic," or when people joke about how eating it would be a disgrace to their family. (我在互联网上看到这种情绪：像熊猫快车这样的美国中餐如何不是"真正的"中国菜，它如何比真正的中国菜差得多，它如何"假"和"不正宗"，或者当人们开玩笑说吃它会给他们的家人带来耻辱时。)"和"While a lot of these things are technically true, they give American Chinese food too much flack. (虽然从技术上讲，这些说法很多都是对的，但它们给了美国中餐太多的抨击。)"可知，划线词flack在此处指上文中提到的对美式中餐的批评或抱怨。C项"Criticism. (批评，批判)"与划线词含义相近。故选C。
26.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段"Should we avoid Japanese ramen and Japanese curry, then Of course not, and American Chinese cuisine isn't even the only variation of Chinese cuisine that exists: Indian Chinese cuisine is a popular fusion spin-off, for example. (那么，我们应该避免日本拉面和日本咖喱吗？当然不是，美国中餐甚至不是中国菜的唯一变体：例如，印度中餐是一种流行的融合衍生产品。)"可知，作者用"ramen"和"curry"作为例子是为了强调从其他国家引进的食物是可以接受的。故选D。
27.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段"American Chinese food deserves to be seen as its own legitimate cuisine. (美式中餐理应被视为其合法的美食。)"和最后一段"In fact, American Chinese food is often created by Chinese immigrants themselves adapting their cuisine to cater to the American taste palette. (事实上，美国中餐通常是由中国移民自己创造的，他们调整自己的美食以迎合美国人的口味。)"可知，作者对美式中餐的态度是支持和同情的。故选D。
八、
28.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段"Can we take the next step and actually show the exact position of the regions in the genome(染色体) (我们能进一步准确定位其在染色体中的区域吗？)"可知，Cole开展研究就是要确定决定食物偏好基因在染色体上的具体位点。故选D。
29.答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。根据第三段"They were based on a 2020 Nature Communications study by Cole and her colleagues that used data from the U. K. Biobank, a public database of the genetic and health information of 500,000 participants. By scanning genomes, the new analysis was able to home in on 194 regions associated with dietary patterns and 287 linked to specific foods such as fruit, cheese, fish, tea and alcohol. (他们是基于科尔和她的同事在2020年《自然通讯》上发表的一项研究，该研究使用了英国生物银行的数据，这是一个包含50万参与者遗传和健康信息的公共数据库。通过扫描基因组，新的分析能够锁定194个与饮食模式相关的区域，以及287个与水果、奶酪、鱼、茶和酒精等特定食物相关的区域。)"可知，本段主要讲的是研究的结果及前景。故选B。
30.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段"The other thing that I thought was really great is that they have so many different characteristics that they're measuring in respect to diet. (我认为另一件很棒的事情是他们在饮食方面测量了很多不同的特征)"可知，研究小组研究了与饮食有关的许多方面的不同特征。故选B。
31.答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段"You are what you eat — and what you eat may be encoded in your DNA. Studies have indicated that your genetics play a role in determining the foods you find delicious or disgusting. (你吃什么就是什么—你吃的东西可能被编码在你的DNA中。研究表明，你的基因在决定你觉得美味或恶心的食物方面起着重要作用。)"可知，文章介绍了一项研究，研究表明基因在决定你觉得食物是美味还是难吃方面有一定的作用。故选D。社会差距、问题与现象—2025届高考英语二轮复习
一、
The giant African land snail (GALS) has returned to Florida for a third time. On June 23, 2022, Florida officials reported that the snails had been found in the New Port Richey area of Pasco County.
To stop the snails from spreading to other areas, officials have asked Pasco County residents not to move any soil or yard waste and to call a special hotline for any sightings. Specially-trained dogs have also been brought in to sniff out the snails. The areas where the snails have been found will be treated with a special pesticide for 18 months. Florida officials also intend to monitor the sites for two years after the last snail has been found.
Giant African land snails are one of the most destructive snails in the world. The fist-sized snails are native to East Africa. They consume over 500 plant and tree species. While they prefer to eat fruit and vegetables like beans, cucumbers and melons, the animals are not fussy(挑剔).They will eat ornamental plants, tree bark and even paint on houses! The animals also pose a serious health risk to humans by carrying the parasite(寄生).They multiply rapidly, producing about 1,200 eggs in a single year. This makes it challenging to control their population.
Greg Hodges, the assistant director of the state's division of plant industry, says the latest GALSs differ from the ones previously found. They have light cream-colored bodies. "The populations that we coped with before had dark gray to brown bodies," he explains. "This kind of cream-colored snails is very common in the pet trade in Europe."
The officials are not sure how the snails got here this time. But Florida Agriculture Commissioner Nikki Fried says, "Because agriculture is such a prominent part of our economics in the state, it is so urgent that we get in front of these things. Let me assure you: we will get rid of these snails. It is not a question of if; it’s just when."
1.What are people in Pasco County expected to do when they spot the GALSs
A. Clean up soil and waste. B.Call the hotline to report.
C. Use dogs to sniff out the snails. D.Spray pesticides to kill the snails.
2.What do we know about the GALSs
A. They grow naturally in Florida. B.They rely on a single food source.
C. They do not cause harm to humans. D.They have strong reproductive abilities.
3.How does Nikki Fried feel about getting rid of the GALSs
A.Confident. B.Doubtful. C.Uncaring. D.Worried.
4.What can be a suitable title for the text
A.The Most Destructive Snail in the World
B.Various Measures to Get Rid of The GALS
C.Florida’s Battle against The GALS Continues
D.Great Threat to Florida’s Agriculture
二、
Air conditioning use has exploded in the last 30 years. According to U. S. Census data in1993, just about three-quarters of single family homes in the Midwest had air conditioning. In the West and Northeast, it was just about half. Now, all regions are pushing 100 percent air conditioning coverage. In the South, it’s been at about 100 percent since the early 1990s.
As the cost of air conditioning installation has gone down, and temperatures have gone up, Americans have been offered an opportunity for a steady indoor temperature year-round, regardless of the weather outside. This drive for comfort forces us to disconnect from what’s happening all around us. A conditioned climate allows us to completely ignore the changing seasons and our warming planet. Only listening to people who agree with us — or trying to silence those who disagree — creates our own, individually conditioned realities.
New York University professor and social psychologist Jonathan Haidt showed how the comforts of conveniences "atomize" our social structures. Each new technology that makes our lives easier also makes us less reliant on other people. Haidt’s big focus is on smartphones and social media, as explored in his recent book, but our society was cracking off into smaller and smaller pieces long before we had the robots in our pockets.
Cars allowed us to shop in other towns, reducing reliance on local businesses. A television set gave something for people to do in the evenings, reducing the need to hang out with neighbors, and by extension, eroding community structures and institutions (often called "third places", in contrast to work and home). Air conditioning allowed us to stay inside in the heat, limiting a play-based childhood where kids run around with each other and make their own fun.
What if we all turned off the air conditioning for a bit, opened our windows, and truly experienced life as it was happening, not what we manufactured it to be We might be a little less comfortable, but maybe a little more connected.
5.What can we infer from the first two paragraphs
A. Air conditioning easily shapes our individual personality.
B. Air conditioned houses are more comfortable than others.
C. Air conditioning can reduce our connection with the world.
D. Air conditioning is accessible to every household in the US.
6.Why does the author mention Haidt
A. To promote his recent book. B. To illustrate technological advances.
C. To praise human self- reliance. D. To reveal the harm of air conditioning.
7.What does the word "eroding" underlined in paragraph 4 refer to
A. Constructing. B. Destroying. C. Avoiding. D. Improving.
8.Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. Turn off Air Conditioning for a Bit
B. Experience Your Life to the Fullest
C. Keep Away from Air Conditioned Houses
D. Never Create Our Own Conditioned Realities
三、
"The new normal" is one of those phrases that can accurately apply to a wide variety of life situations, including a medical diagnosis, death or change in life and work. The phrase implies both the newness of each of those circumstances, as well as the necessity that they will need to be normalized, integrated into the reality of our daily lives. Once we’ve settled into new routines and emotional patterns, our "normal" won’t be quite so new anymore, will it The question is a subject of debate.
There is a large middle ground between the event that increases the need for "the new normal" and its final acceptance. Some people think it can’t handle tragedies. But the phrase keeps coming up in conversation, and it has made me realize that "normal" is the last word I would use to describe the fragile place I currently occupy. I find myself there as I mourn the loss of my grandfather, who died in September. For example, the new normal is to have Thanksgiving without Grandfather, then to remember him on what would have been his 75th birthday just a few days later. In other words, during this year of firsts, the new normal is a time of transition, not of arrival.
It strikes me that this is something to be celebrated, not worried over. Part of living positively is meeting ourselves wherever we are. And as I continue to navigate this in-between time, this period of slowly accepting my father’s absence from the Earth, I recognize that each step along the way is a worthwhile part of a healthy grieving process.
The same idea would apply to more positive changes, like a new home or job, as well as the challenges of the end of a relationship or a difficult medical reality. The new normal isn’t something any of us step into all at once. It’s something we become, move toward, and, eventually, accept. Let’s not be in a rush to reach that destination. The journey has much to teach us.
9.Which occasion should "the new normal" be applied to
A. A person’s illness outbreak. B. A person’s routine working.
C. A person’s constantly normal life. D. A person’s annual birthday celebration.
10.What does the author discuss about the new normal in paragraph 2
A. The fear of it. B. The attitude to it.
C. The reason for accepting it. D. The difficulty in describing it.
11.What has the author learned to do from Thanksgiving without Grandfather
A. Forget the dead. B. Live optimistically.
C. Treasure the process over the result. D. Mourn over a family member’s absence.
12.What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text
A. To tell us to value our past challenges.
B. To tell us some meaningful life stories.
C. To teach us how to handle our tragedies.
D. To teach us how to cope with life changes.
四、
Scot Case, Vice President of the environmental marketing firm Terra Choice, was not happy. Case last year sent his researchers into a big-box retail store to evaluate the green advertising claims of some of the products on its shelves. The results were shocking, of the 1,018 products Terra Choice surveyed, all but one failed to live up fully to their green boasts.
He couldn’t believe the result, and had his team redo the survey, but the results came back the same. "It just shows we’re awash in greenwash." He said.
Many consumers may not have heard the term greenwashing, but they’ve surely experienced it-misleading marketing about the environmental benefits of a product. Greenwashing isn’t new ever since the environment was an issue in the early 1970s.As going green has become big business, environmental advocates worry that truly green companies could get lost in the situation.
"We have such a challenge ahead of us on climate change," says Kevin Tuerff, a co-founder of the marketing consultancy EnviroMedia."Greenwashing harms the effort we need to be making."
The first step to cleaning up greenwashing is to identify it, and Tuerff and his partners have hit on an innovative way to spotlight particularly abnormal examples. They’ve launched the Greenwashing Index a website that allows consumers to post ads that might be examples of greenwashing and rate them on a scale of 1 to 5-I is a little green lie;5 is a big green lie.
It’s a simple device, but it shows the power of the Internet to uncover misleading ads with a simple Web search, any consumer can find out the index they want to know. Googling isn’t the only way to take out the greenwashing, however. The Terra Choice website offers a list of what it calls the "six sins of greenwashing"--six simple signs that should remind consumers of a company that is more interested in selling the earth than saving it.
"We have better green products but a lot of exaggerated(夸张的) claims," says Case. "That could be enough to destroy the whole green movement"-and that’s not a little green lie.
13.Which of the following statements is TRUE about greenwashing
A. It is harmful for the environment.
B. It is a special way to wash so as to save water.
C. It is environment-friendly so it should be advocated.
D. It is beneficial for both the consumers and the companies.
14.Which measure should be used to tackle the greenwashing
A. Holding hearings to tell genuine environmental claims from false ones.
B. Launching the Greenwashing Index a website to expose greenwashing.
C. Offering a list of "six sins of greenwashing" for companies’ reference.
D. Updating Green Guide for consumers which hasn’t changed since 1998.
15.Which of the following shows NO sign of greenwashing
A. Organic products but without any certificates.
B. Energy-efficient products made of harmful material.
C. Food which is low in nutrition but high in calorie.
D. Pesticides which are said to be environment-friendly.
16.What’s the main idea of the passage
A. The effort on environmental protection.
B. The advocation of green advertisements.
C. The distinction between green products and common ones.
D. The distinction between real environmental claims and false ones.
五、
Discussing tech overuse with Gen Z isn’t groundbreaking. We all acknowledge the impact of daily device usage on our health, well-being, and ability to focus. A friend suggests that one day, we’ll regard social media use as smoking—we know it’s harmful, but we might need assistance to quit.
Popular social media and online dating platforms are intentionally programmed to grab our attention and keep us coming back for more. On platforms like TikTok, "For You" page constantly refreshes with new content. Even the thrill of making a successful match on a dating app can be as exciting as winning on a slot machine(老虎机:一种赌博机器). Research compares humans on social media to rats in an experiment box by psychologist B. F. Skinner. When we share vacation pictures on Instagram, the likes we receive encourage us to repeat the behavior in future.
But beyond app design, the reasons for our inability to disconnect from unhealthy social media are complex. It likely results from a lack of face- to- face social interaction. Even in busy university centers, unscheduled interactions are rare; earbud-clad individuals signal their preference for undisturbed peace.
For many Gen Z members, most social interactions now occur partially online. However, not everyone fits this pattern; some have vibrant offline lives and use phone s minimally. But for many, resisting the phone’s temptation is tough— being offline often means feeling alone when everyone else is online.
Gen Z has made impressive improvements to fight against tech overuse. Royce Branning, a 2018 graduate, founded ClearSpace, an app to reduce screen time. However, tech- based solutions to tech- based problems are only half the story. Similar to smoking and secondhand smoke, excessive Internet use reduces in- person connection opportunities.
There is a story in my family about my grandfather quitting smoking upon seeing his son play with cigarettes, though he’d been smoking for 15 years. Today, young adults swear to avoid raising "iPad kids". While promising to get rid of future generations’ bad habits is admirable, quitting ourselves beforehand would be even better.
17.How do social media and online dating platforms keep users engaged
A. By organizing offline activities. B. By providing users with platforms.
C. By keeping connections with users. D. By designing addictive functions.
18.What do the underlined words "earbud- clad individuals" in Paragraph 3 mean
A. People having their ear to the ground. B. People intolerant of noise.
C. People enjoying being alone. D. People suffering social anxiety.
19.Why is ClearSpace mentioned in Paragraph 5
A. To stress the seriousness of tech overuse.
B. To show the limitations of the solution.
C. To display the improvements of the application.
D. To discuss the methods of social connection.
20.What is the best title for the text
A. Solutions to Social Media Detox B. Impacts of Tech Addiction on Gen Z
C. Gen Z’s Desire to Communication D. Gen Z’s Struggle with Tech Addiction
六、
Teenagers whose non-cognitive skills are poorly developed are more likely to suffer from health problems later in life, according to a new research by a group of experts from the University of Manchester.
Rose Atkins of that university, along with her colleagues set out to investigate non-cognitive skills as they are one of the least explored determining factors of health and well-being, despite the fact that evidence surrounding their importance is growing quickly.
These skills are conscientiousness (尽责性), which tells how hardworking, careful and stubborn an adolescent is, and neuroticism (神经质), which shows how worried, unhappy and fearful an adolescent is.
The researchers used data on a group of individuals who were followed throughout their life and carried out statistical analysis to study the relationship between adolescent non-cognitive skills and later-life health. The non-cognitive skills were reported by teachers, based on the behavior of students at age 16.
The study found that individuals whose adolescent conscientiousness is higher deal with stress in adulthood better, and are at a lower risk of some diseases. And individuals whose adolescent neuroticism is higher have a poorer, health related quality of life in adulthood and are at a greater risk of some diseases.
The researchers conclude that policies to improve adolescent conscientiousness and reduce adolescent neuroticism would offer the most long-term health benefits to those with the poo-rest health, "There is a growing body of evidence that suggests school-based interventions to improve non-cognitive skills can have lasting positive effects on important life outcomes," said Rose. "Extra-curricular activities and work experience have also been shown to improve these skills. Having a greater focus on the improvement of non-cognitive skills at both primary and secondary school levels would be a positive policy decision, However, these skills are also determined by factors like family income, parental education, and parental investment. There-tore, more complex public policy is needed to reduce social inequality."
21.What can be inferred about non-cognitive skills
A. They can fall into three categories.
B. They are mainly developed in childhood.
C. Their importance has been totally ignored.
D. Their impact on health doesn’t get enough attention.
22.How did the researchers do their research
A. They carried out a large survey.
B. They collected data from individuals.
C. They followed 16-year-old individuals.
D. They compared data from other research.
23.What do the researchers think their findings suggest
A. Improving teens’ non- cognitive skills isn’t that challenging.
B. Schools should reduce the time for extra-curricular activities.
C. Measures should be taken to improve teens’ non-cognitive skills.
D. Social inequality is the major cause of poor non-cognitive skills.
24.What is the main idea of the text
A. Teens’ health in later life can be predicted.
B. Teachers can improve students’ non-cognitive skills,
C. The importance of non-cognitive skills is being recognized.
D. Non-cognitive skills in adolescents affect their health in later life.
七、
Survivor bias(偏见，偏差), occurs when you tend to assess successful outcomes and disregard failures. This sampling bias paints a more promising or even misleading picture of reality.
Survivor bias is a sneaky problem that tends to slip into analyses unnoticed. For starters, it feels natural to emphasize success, whether it’s entrepreneurs, or survivors of a medical condition. We focus on and share these stories more than the failures.
Think about the famous college dropouts who became highly successful, such as Mark Zuckerberg, Steve Jobs, and Bill Gates. These successful examples might make you think a college degree isn’t beneficial. However, that’s survivor bias at work! These famous individuals are at the forefront of media reports. You hear more about them because they are extraordinary. You’re not considering the millions of other college dropouts that aren’t rich and famous. You need to assess their outcomes as well.
Survivor bias has even occurred in medical studies about severe diseases. Younger, healthier, and more fit patients tend to survive a disease’s initial diagnosis more frequently. Hence, they are more likely to join medical studies. On the contrary, older, weaker patients are less likely to survive long enough to participate in studies. Consequently, these studies overestimate successful disease outcomes because they are less likely to include those who die shortly after diagnosis.
Undeniably, successful cases are usually more visible and easier to contact than unsuccessful cases. However, focusing on the high-performing successes and disregarding other cases introduces survivor bias. After all, you’re leaving out a significant part of the picture as it’s harder to collect data from the less successful members of a population. Incomplete data can affect your decision-making process. Put simply, survivor bias produces an inaccurate sample, causing you to jump to incorrect conclusions.
To minimize the impact of survivor bias, you should find ways to draw a representative sample from the population, not just a few of successful samples. That process might call for more expense and effort, but you’ll get better results.
25.What writing technique is used in Paragraphs 3 and 4
A. Making comparisons. B. Giving examples.
C. Describing facts. D. Analyzing data.
26.What may occur if you have a survivor bias
A. You will take all factors into account before making a final analysis.
B. You will overestimate the failure rate so you may quit your project.
C. You will only have partial data and reach an incorrect conclusion.
D. You will be more likely to survive in unfavorable circumstances.
27.What can we infer from the passage
A. People tend to lose sight of the overall statistics.
B. People are unwilling to read unsuccessful stories.
C. Doctors don’t have enough expense to collect abundant samples.
D. The media should be responsible for kids’ dropping out of school.
28.What does the author suggest readers do to avoid survivor bias
A. Leave out the famous historic cases.
B. Collect a wide enough range of samples.
C. Focus on those most mentioned examples.
D. Select some successful and inspiring tales.
八、
How loneliness spreads
Loneliness can also spread. A friend of a lonely person was 52 per cent more likely to develop feelings of loneliness. And a friend of that friend was 25 per cent more likely to do the same.
Earlier findings showed that happiness, fatness and the ability to stop smoking can also spread within social groups. The findings all come from a major health study in the American town of Framingham, Massachusetts.
The study began in 1948 to investigate the causes of heart disease. Since then, more tests have been added, including measures of loneliness and depression.
The new findings involved more than 5,000 people in the second generation of the Framingham Heart Study. The researchers examined friendship histories and reports of loneliness. The results established a pattern that spread as people reported fewer close friends.
For example, loneliness can affect relationships between next-door neighbors. The loneliness spreads as neighbors who were close friends now spend less time together. The study also found that loneliness spreads more easily among women than men.
The average person is said to experience feelings of loneliness about forty-eight days a year. The study found that having a lonely friend can add about seventeen days. But every additional friend can decrease loneliness by about five per cent, or two and a half days.
Lonely people become less and less trusting of others. This makes it more and more difficult for them to make friends -and more likely that society will reject them.
John Cacioppo at the University of Chicago led the study. He says it is important to recognize and deal with loneliness. He says people who have been pushed to the edges of society should receive help to repair their social networks.
The aim should be to create what he calls a "protective barrier" against loneliness. This barrier, he says, can keep the whole network from coming apart.
29.From the passage we can infer that the research subjects of the Framingham Heart Study _____.
A. are all about mental health B. have been added continually
C. are about the causes of heart disease D. is to create a "protective barrier"
30.Tom is a lonely man. He has a wife, a son, a sister and a close friend Mike. According to Paragraph 4, who does the underlined phrase "the second generation" involve
A. Ton’s wife B. Tom’s son C. Tom’s sister D. Mike
31.Why are lonely people difficult to make friends with others
A. Because they have poor communication skills.
B. Because they always keep doubtful of others.
C. Because they are rejected by others.
D. Because they are affected by their friends.
32.In John Cacioppo’s opinion, _____.
A. lonely people should be given a hand by society
B. the protective barrier should be repaired for lonely people
C. the number of lonely women is larger than that of men
D. it’s impossible for lonely people to make any friends
33.In which column can you read this passage in a newspaper
A. This Is America. B. Science in News. C. Explorations. D. Health Report.
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段"To stop the snails from spreading to other areas，officials have asked Pasco County residents not to move any soil or yard waste and to call a special hotline for any sightings. (为了阻止蜗牛蔓延到其他地区，官员们要求帕斯科郡的居民避免移动任何土壤或庭院垃圾，并要求人们向专门热线报告任何新发现。)"可知，帕斯科郡的当地人在发现蜗牛时需要及时拨打热线报告情况。故选B。
2.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段"They multiply rapidly，producing about 1，200 eggs in a single year. This makes it challenging to control their population.(它们繁殖迅速，一年能产1200个卵。这使得控制它们的数量变得具有挑战性。)可知，巨型非洲陆地蜗牛具有较强的繁殖能力。故选D。
3.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Let me assure you：we will get rid of these snails.It is not a question of if；it's just when.(我向你保证：我们会除掉这些蜗牛的。这不是一个如果的问题；只是时间的问题。)可知，Nikki Fried很有信心除掉这些巨型非洲陆地蜗牛。故选A。
4.答案：C
解析：标题判断题。根据第一段中的The giant African land snail (GALS) has returned to Florida for a third time.(巨型非洲陆地蜗牛已经第三次回到佛罗里达。)及第二段中的To stop the snails from spreading to other areas，officials have asked Pasco County residents not to move any soil or yard waste and to call a special hotline for any sightings.(为了阻止蜗牛蔓延到其他地区，官员们要求帕斯科郡的居民避免移动任何土壤或庭院垃圾，并要求人们向专门热线报告任何新发现。)及最后一段中的Let me assure you：we will get rid of these snails.It is not a question of if；it's just when.(我向你保证：我们会除掉这些蜗牛的。这不是一个如果的问题；只是时间的问题。)可知，文章主要介绍了佛罗里达州出现了巨型非洲陆地蜗牛，人们正在努力清除它们。由此可知，Florida's Battle against The GALS Continues(佛罗里达州与巨型非洲陆地蜗牛的斗争仍在继续。)适合作本文标题。故选C。
二、
5.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段"This drive for comfort forces us to disconnect from what's happening all around us.(这种对舒适的追求迫使我们与周围发生的事情脱节)"可知，空调会减少我们与世界的联系。故选C。
6.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段"NewYork University professor and social psychologist Jonathan Haidt showed how the comforts of conveniences ‘atomize’our social structures. Each new technology that makes our lives easier also makes us less reliant on other people. Haidt’s big focus is on smartphones and social media, as explored in his recent book, but our society was cracking off into smaller and smaller pieces long before we had the robots in our pockets.(纽约大学教授和社会心理学家Jonathan Haidt展示了便利的舒适是如何‘原子化’我们的社会结构的。每一项使我们的生活更轻松的新技术也使我们对他人的依赖减少。海特的重点是智能手机和社交媒体，正如他在最近的书中所探讨的那样，但早在我们口袋里有机器人之前，我们的社会就已经分裂成越来越小的碎片)"可知，作者提到海特是为了揭示空调的危害。故选D。
7.答案：B
解析：词句猜测题。根据划线词上文"A television set gave something for people to do in the evenings, reducing the need to hang out with neighbors(电视机为人们在晚上提供了一些事情，减少了与邻居一起闲逛的需要)"以及后文"community structures and institutions (often called ‘third places’, in contrast to work and home)(社区结构和机构(通常被称为‘第三场所’，与工作和家庭相对))"可知，电视机为人们在晚上提供了一些事情，减少了与邻居一起闲逛的需要，因此破坏了社区结构和机构，故划线词意思是"损害，破坏"。故选B。
8.答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。根据最后一段"What if we all turned off the air conditioning for a bit, opened our windows, and truly experienced life as it was happening, not what we manufactured it to be We might be a little less comfortable, but maybe a little more connected.(如果我们都关掉空调，打开窗户，真正体验真实的生活，而不是我们制造的生活，会怎么样 我们可能不太舒服，但可能更有联系)"结合文章指出长时间待在空调房中会导致一些问题，以及其引用对手机和社交媒体的批判，间接影射空调的危害。可知，A选项"暂时关掉空调"最符合文章标题。故选A。
三、
9.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中"The new normal" is one of those phrases that can accurately apply to a wide variety of life situations, including a medical diagnosis, death or change in life and work. The phrase implies both the newness of each of those circumstances, as well as the necessity that they will need to be normalized, integrated into the reality of our daily lives.("新常态"是那些可以准确应用于各种生活情况的短语之一,包括医疗诊断、死亡或生活和工作中的变化。这句话既意味着这些情况的新颖性,也意味着它们需要正常化,融入我们日常生活的现实。)可推知, "新常态"可以适用于一个人的疾病爆发这种场合。故选A项。
10.答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。根据第二段中There is a large middle ground between the event that increases the need for" the new normal" and its final acceptance. Some people think it can’t handle tragedies. But the phrase keeps coming up in conversation, and it has made me realize that "normal" is the last word I would use to describe the fragile place I currently occupy. I find myself there as I mourn the loss of my grandfather, who died in September.(这一事件增加了人们对"新常态"的需求,但最终人们还是接受了它,在这两者之间有一个很大的中间地带。有些人认为它无法处理悲剧。但这个短语在谈话中不断出现,它让我意识到, "正常"是我最不愿意用的词,来形容我目前所处的脆弱境地)可知,关于新常态,作者在第二段讨论了对它的态度。故选B项。
11.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中For example, the new normal is to have Thanksgiving without Grandfather, then to remember him on what would have been his 75th birthday just a few days later. In other words, during this year of firsts, the new normal is a time of transition, not of arrival.(例如,新的常态是在没有祖父的情况下过感恩节,然后在几天后的他75岁生日那天纪念他。换句话说,在今年的几个第一中,新常态是一个过渡时期,而不是到来的时期)以及第三段中It strikes me that this is something to be celebrated, not worried over. Part of living positively is meeting ourselves wherever we are.(我突然意识到,这是一件值得庆祝的事情,而不是担心的事情。无论身在何处,积极生活的一部分就是面对自己。)可知,作者从没有祖父的感恩节中学到了乐观地生活。故选B项。
12.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据文章大意以及最后一段The same idea would apply to more positive changes, like a new home or job, as well as the challenges of the end of a relationship or a difficult medical reality. The new normal isn't something any of us step into all at once. It’s something we become, move toward, and, eventually, accept. Let's not be in a rush to reach that destination. The journey has much to teach us.(同样的想法也适用于更积极的变化,比如新家或新工作,以及一段关系结束的挑战或困难的医疗现实。新常态不是我们任何人都能一下子进入的。它是我们成为、題向并最终接受的东西。我们不要急于到达那个目的地。这段旅程教会了我们很多东西)可推知,作者写这篇文章的主要目的是教会我们如何应对生活的变化。故选D项。
四、
13.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据文章内容及第三段中"As going green has become big business, environmental advocates worry that truly green companies could get lost in the situation.(随着绿色环保成为一项大生意，环保人士担心，真正的绿色企业可能会在这种情况下迷失方向) "及第四段中"Greenwashing harms the effort we need to be making.("洗绿"损害了我们需要做出的努力)"可知，"洗绿"是指打着环保的旗号对产品环保效益的误导性营销，对环境有害。故选A。
14.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中"They've launched the Greenwashing Index a website that allows consumers to post ads that might be examples of greenwashing and rate them on a scale of 1 to 5(他们推出了‘洗绿指数’网站，消费者可以在网站上发布可能是‘洗绿’例子的广告，并在1到5的范围内对这些广告进行评分)"可知，推出"洗绿指数"网站，揭露"洗绿"行为是解决"洗绿"问题的措施。故选B。
15.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中"Many consumers may not have heard the term green washing, but they've surely experienced it - misleading marketing about the environmental benefits of a product.(许多消费者可能没有听说过"洗绿"这个词，但他们肯定经历过——关于产品环保效益的误导性营销)"可知，"洗绿"是关于产品环保效益的误导性营销，A项"有机产品，但没有任何证书"、B项"由有害物质制成的节能产品"及D项"据说是环保的农药"均是"洗绿"，C项"低营养但高热量的食物"不含产品环保效益的相关信息，不属于"洗绿"。故选C。
16.答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合最后一段"'We have better green products but a lot of exaggerated(夸张的)claims,' says Case. 'That could be enough to destroy the whole green movement'——and that's not a little green lie.(Case说：‘我们有更好的绿色产品，但有很多夸大的说法。"这足以摧毁整个绿色运动’——这可不是环保的小谎言)"可知，文章主要讲述很多产品存在环保作假现象，对产品的环保效益进行误导性营销，即"洗绿"，并介绍了一个解决"洗绿"的网站。D项"真正的环保宣传和虚假宣传之间的区别"能够总结文章大意。故选D。
五、
17.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的Popular social media and online dating platforms are intentionally programmed to grab our attention and keep us coming back for more.(流行的社交媒体和在线约会平台被故意设计来吸引我们的注意力,让我们不断回来寻求更多浏览。)可知,社交媒体和在线约会平台被故意设计来吸引用户,使用户反复返回使用,由此可推测,社交媒体和在线约会平台设计了使人上瘾的功能,让用户沉迷。故选D。
18.答案：C
解析：词句猜测题。根据画线短语后面的signal their preference for undisturbed peace可知,这些人喜欢不被打扰的宁静,由此可推测出,earbud-clad individuals指那些不愿意被打扰、不愿意参与社交活动的人,与C选项"享受独处的人"一致。故选C。
19.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的Royce Branning, a 2018 graduate, founded ClearSpace, an app to reduce screen time. However, tech-based solutions to tech-based problems are only half the story.(2018年毕业的Royce Branning创立了ClearSpace,这是一款减少屏幕时间的应用程序。然而,以基于技术的解决方案来解决技术问题只是故事的一半。)可推测出,这款应用程序是用技术来解决技术问题,但只是解决了一半,也就是现有的技术解决方案无法达到成功脱瘾的预期,具有局限性。故选B。
20.答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段中的Discussing tech overuse with Gen Z isn't groundbreaking.(与Z世代讨论技术过度使用并不是开创性的。)和A friend suggests that one day, we'll regard social media use as smoking-we know it's harmful, but we might need assistance to quit.(一位朋友建议,有一天,我们会把使用社交媒体视为吸烟我们知道这是有害的,但我们可能需要帮助戒烟。)以及下文内容可知,本文主要围绕Gen Z和tech overuse展开,叙述了Z世代对抗社交媒体成瘾这种现象。由此可推测,D项"世代对抗科技成瘾"最适合作本文标题。故选D。
21.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段Rose Atkins of that university，along with her colleagues set out to investigate non-cognitive skills as they are one of the least explored determining factors of health and well-being，despite the fact that evidence surrounding their importance is growing quickly.(该大学的Rose Atkins和她的同事们开始调查非认知技能，因为它们是对健康和幸福的决定因素中探索最少的因素之一，尽管有关它们重要性的证据正在迅速增加)可知，非认知技能对健康的影响没有得到足够的重视。故选D。
22.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段The researchers used data on a group of individuals who were followed throughout their life and carried out statistical analysis to study the relationship between adolescent non-cognitive skills and later-life health.(研究人员使用了一组人的数据，这些人一生都在接受跟踪调查，并进行了统计分析，以研究青少年非认知技能与晚年健康之间的关系)可知，研究人员从个人那里收集数据来进行研究，故选B。
23.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段Having a greater focus on the improvement of non- cognitive skills at both primary and secondary school levels would be a positive policy decision，However，these skills are also determined by factors like family income，parental education，and parental investment.(在小学和中学阶段更加关注非认知技能的提高将是一个积极的政策决定，然而，这些技能也由家庭收入、父母教育和父母投资等因素决定)可知，研究人员认为他们的发现说明应该采取措施提高青少年的非认知技能。故选C。
24.答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段Teenagers whose non-cognitive (非认知的) skills are poorly developed are more likely to suffer from health problems later in life，according to a new research by a group of experts from the University of Manchester.(曼彻斯特大学的一组专家进行的一项新研究表明，非认知能力发育不良的青少年在以后的生活中更容易出现健康问题)可知，本文主要讲的是青少年的非认知技能会影响他们以后的健康。故选D。
25.答案： B
解析：推理判断题。由文章第三段中"Think about the famous college dropouts who became highly successful, such as Mark Zuckerberg, Steve Jobs, and Bill Gates. These successful examples might make you think a college degree isn’t beneficial. However, that’s survivor bias at work! These famous individuals are at the forefront of media reports. You hear more about them because they are extraordinary. You’re not considering the millions of other college dropouts that aren’t rich and famous. You need to assess their outcomes as well. (想想马克·扎克伯格、史蒂夫·乔布斯和比尔·盖茨等著名的大学辍学生，他们都取得了巨大的成功。这些成功的例子可能会让你认为大学学位并没有什么好处。然而，这是幸存者偏见在起作用！这些名人都是媒体报道的热点人物。你会听到更多关于他们的消息，因为他们是非凡的。你没有考虑到其他数百万既不富有也不出名的大学辍学生。你也需要评估他们的结果。)"和第四段"Survivor bias has even occurred in medical studies about severe diseases. Younger, healthier, and more fit patients tend to survive a disease’s initial diagnosis more frequently. Hence, they are more likely to join medical studies. On the contrary, older, weaker patients are less likely to survive long enough to participate in studies. Consequently, these studies overestimate successful disease outcomes because they are less likely to include those who die shortly after diagnosis. (幸存者偏见甚至出现在关于严重疾病的医学研究中。更年轻、更健康、更健康的患者往往更容易在疾病的最初诊断中存活下来。因此，他们更有可能加入医学研究。相反，年龄较大、身体较弱的患者不太可能存活足够长的时间来参与研究。因此，这些研究高估了成功的疾病结果，因为它们不太可能包括那些在诊断后不久死亡的人。)"可知，两个段落用举例说明幸存者偏见现象和原因。故选B。
26.答案： C
解析：细节理解题。由文章第五段中"After all, you’re leaving out a significant part of the picture as it’s harder to collect data from the less successful members of a population. Incomplete data can affect your decision-making process. Put simply, survivor bias produces an inaccurate sample, causing you to jump to incorrect conclusions. (毕竟，你漏掉了一个重要的部分，因为很难从人口中不太成功的成员那里收集数据。不完整的数据会影响你的决策过程。简单地说，幸存者偏见会产生不准确的样本，导致你得出不正确的结论。)"可知，如果你有幸存者偏见，你只会得到部分数据，得出错误的结论。故选C。
27.答案： A
解析：推理判断题。由文章第三段中"You hear more about them because they are extraordinary. You’re not considering the millions of other college dropouts that aren’t rich and famous. You need to assess their outcomes as well. (你会听到更多关于他们的消息，因为他们是非凡的。你没有考虑到其他数百万既不富有也不出名的大学辍学生。你也需要评估他们的结果。)"和第四段"Consequently, these studies overestimate successful disease outcomes because they are less likely to include those who die shortly after diagnosis. (因此，这些研究高估了成功的疾病结果，因为它们不太可能包括那些在诊断后不久死亡的人。)"由文章第五段中"After all, you’re leaving out a significant part of the picture as it’s harder to collect data from the less successful members of a population. Incomplete data can affect your decision-making process. Put simply, survivor bias produces an inaccurate sample, causing you to jump to incorrect conclusions. (毕竟，你漏掉了一个重要的部分，因为很难从人口中不太成功的成员那里收集数据。不完整的数据会影响你的决策过程。简单地说，幸存者偏见会产生不准确的样本，导致你得出不正确的结论。)"可知，人们往往忽视了总体统计数据。故选A。
28.答案： B
解析：细节理解题。由文章最后一段中"To minimize the impact of survivor bias, you should find ways to draw a representative sample from the population, not just a few of successful samples. That process might call for more expense and effort, but you’ll get better results.(为了尽量减少幸存者偏见的影响，你应该想办法从人群中抽取一个有代表性的样本，而不仅仅是几个成功的样本。这个过程可能需要更多的花费和努力，但你会得到更好的结果。)"可知，作者建议读者收集足够广泛的样本从而避免幸存者偏见。故选B。
29.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段"The findings all come from a major health study in the American town of Framingham, Massachusetts.(这些发现都来自美国马萨诸塞州弗雷明汉镇的一项重大健康研究)"及第三段"The study began in 1948 to investigate the causes of heart disease. Since then, more tests have been added, including measures of loneliness and depression.(这项研究始于1948年,目的是调查心脏病的病因。从那以后,增加了更多的测试,包括孤独和抑郁的测试)"可推测,第三段的研究就是介绍the Framingham Heart Study,该研究不断地在增加新的测试,在持续增加并观察新的研究对象。故选B项。
30.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段划线词下文"There searchers examined friendship histories and reports of loneliness. The results established a pattern that spread as people reported fewer close friends. "(研究人员调查了友谊史和孤独感报告。研究结果建立了一种模式,随着人们报告的亲密朋友越来越少,这种模式也会传播开来)及第五段"For example, loneliness can affect relationships between next-door neighbors. The loneliness spreads as neighbors who were close friend snow spend less time together. "(例如,孤独会影响隔壁邻居之间的关系。曾经是亲密朋友的邻居现在在一起的时间越来越少,孤独感也随之蔓延)可推测,该研究的第二代研究对象应该是孤独者的朋友或邻居。故选D项。
31.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第三段"Lonely people become less and less trusting of others. This makes it more and more difficult for them to make friends—and more likely that society will reject them.(孤独的人变得越来越不相信别人。这使得他们交朋友越来越困难,社会也更有可能排斥他们)"可知,孤独的人很难和别人交朋友,因为他们总是怀疑别人。故选B项。
32.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段"John Cacioppo at the University of Chicago led the study. He says it is important to recognize and deal with loneliness. He says people who have been pushed to the edges of society should receive help to repair their social networks.(芝加哥大学的John Cacioppo领导了这项研究。他说,认识和处理孤独是很重要的。他说,那些被推到社会边缘的人应该得到帮助来修复他们的社交网络)"可知,John Cacioppo认为,社会应该对这些孤独者伸出援手,给与帮助。故选A项。
33.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段"Earlier findings showed that happiness, fatness and the ability to stop smoking can also spread within social groups. The findings all come from a major health study in the American town of Framingham, Massachusetts.(早期的研究发现,快乐、肥胖和戒烟的能力也能在社会群体中传播。这些发现都来自美国马萨诸塞州弗雷明汉镇的一项重大健康研究)"并综合全文可知,文章介绍的是科学研究的成果。由此推测,该文应刊登在报纸的科学领域新闻板块，故选D。个人情况—2025届高考英语二轮复习
一、
I was the only kid in college with a reason to go to the mail box, because my mother never believed in email, or cell phones in general. I was literally waiting to get a letter to see how the weekend had gone, which was usually the warmest comfort for me.
So when I moved to New York and got sucker-punched in the face by depression, I did the only thing I could think of — writing letters like my mother for strangers. I blogged about those letters and crazily promised I would write you a hand-written letter if asked to.
Overnight, my inbox became this harbor of heartbreak—a single mother in Sacramento, a girl being bullied (恐吓) in rural Kansas…, all asking me to write them a letter and give them a reason to wait by the mailbox. And this is how the act The World Needs More Love Letters was born, fueled by those trips to the mailbox. But the thing about these letters is that most of them have been written by people, who have grown up into a paperless world where some best conversations happen swiftly on a screen.
I've been carrying this mail crate (大木箱) with me these days, which is a magical icebreaker. So I get to tell total strangers about a woman whose husband was traumatized (受精神创伤) from war in Afghanistan, and how she left love letters throughout the house as a way to say, "Come back to me." And the man, who had decided to take his life, tonight slept safely with letters just beneath his pillow, handwritten by strangers who were there for him.
These are the kinds of stories that convince me that letter-writing will always be needed, even in these days, because it is an art now.
1.What is the first paragraph mainly about
A. The efficiency of write letters. B. The author's care for her family.
C. The author's attachment to letters. D. The author's love for the college life.
2.What inspired the author to launch the act
A. The letters' comforting effect on people.
B. Her intention of providing professional aid.
C. The positive influence of modern technology.
D. Her mother's fear of modern communication.
3.Why does the author call the mail crate "a magical icebreaker"
A. It is capable of doing magic tricks.
B. It starts a conversation with passers-by.
C. It helps people to recover from traumas.
D. It is hot enough to melt ice on a cold day.
4.What is the best title for the passage
A. Love for Writing B. Priceless Family Letters
C. Love Letters to Strangers D. The Art of Writing Letters
二、
Nicole Latham, a youthful 21-year-old scholar at the University of Leeds, dedicates her time not solely to the pursuit of legal academia, but also to the rigorous domain of weightlifting contests. In parallel, she exhibits proficiency in the martial art of karate. Beyond these physical pursuits, Latham's health journey is marked by frequent visits to medical practitioners, a consequence of her recent acquisition of a rare affliction: multiple sclerosis (MS). This condition made its insidious debut during her preparation for the A-Level examinations, a period fraught with tension for numerous scholars. Initially, she attributed her symptoms to stress, but it soon became apparent that she was experiencing the onset of MS, specifically vertigo.
Despite the onset of this debilitating disease, Nicole persisted in her academic endeavors, even resorting to ocular occlusion in a bid to ameliorate her impaired vision. It was at this juncture that she resolved to revisit her physician, embarking on a regimen of numerous medications, yet to no avail. Sensing a potential misdiagnosis, she promptly sought further diagnostic scrutiny at a hospital.
Subsequent to an MRI examination, her condition was confirmed as MS. Following this inaugural episode and her subsequent diagnosis, Latham remained MS-free for several years. However, in August of the year 2021, she encountered another exacerbation, this time manifesting as a persistent tremor in her left hand for a duration of two months. Undeterred by the palpable impediments imposed by her condition in her day-to-day existence, she remained undaunted and resolute in her pursuit. Her aspiration was to inspire her contemporaries with disabilities, demonstrating that a life of vibrancy and fulfillment is attainable despite the adversities posed by MS.
In the present day, Nicole leverages her digital platform not only to disseminate awareness regarding MS but also to exhort individuals to heed potential symptoms, a lesson she herself learned the hard way. Moreover, she endeavors to showcase that a life replete with richness and gratification is within reach for those afflicted with MS. Her narrative seeks to illuminate both the exultant peaks and the somber troughs of living with this condition.
5. How did Nicole react when the first attack happened
A. She went to the hospital immediately.
B. She turned to taking more exercise.
C. She took a break from studying.
D. She paid no attention to it.
6.How did Nicole most probably feel after taking a lot of medicines
A. Relieved. B. Worried. C. Curious. D. Inspired.
7.Which of the following statements shows Nicole's view on overcoming difficulties
A. Rome was not built in a day.
B. Prevention is better than cure.
C. Strength comes from a strong will.
D. All things are difficult before they are easy.
8.What would be the best title for the text
A. Nicole Latham: Always be Ready to Help
B. Meet Nicole Latham—a Talented Athlete
C. Nicole Latham: Never Let Anyone Down
D. Meet Nicole Latham—a Fighter Suffering from MS
三、
Gladys West, the mathematician, was born in 1930 in Virginia and had to help harvest crops on her family's farm. The hard work started before daybreak and lasted well into the blistering heat of the afternoon. To get out of there, she was going to get an education.
Her parents tried to save some money to send her to college, but unexpected bills kept hitting the fund. Then a teacher announced that the state was going to give a college scholarship to the two top students from her year. Finally, West got the scholarship, allowing her to attend Virginia State College, a historically black university.
West decided to major in mathematics because it was a well-respected subject. It was largely studied by men, but she didn't take much notice of them as she knew deep in her heart that nothing was getting in her way. After graduating, she became a teacher. A few years later, she returned to the university and earned a master's degree in mathematics. Then she was offered a job at a naval base in Dahlgren, Virginia. This made her only the second black woman to be hired to work as a programmer at the base.
Despite her intellectual abilities and career success, West felt she was inferior. It was this feeling, deeply rooted and felt, by many African Americans, that drove her to work as hard as she could. West determined to commit herself to her work, hoping that by doing it to the best of her ability, she could get recognition for her work.
West did just that. In 1979, she became project manager for the Seasat project, the first satellite that could monitor the oceans. She programmed an IBM 7030 Stretch computer, providing faster calculations for an accurate Earthmodel. This detailed mathematical model of the shape of the Earth was a building block for what would become the GPS orbit. In 1998, aged 68, she intended to focus on her PhD after retirement. She eventually finished her graduation thesis and gained her PhD in public administration and policy affairs in 2000 at the age of 70.
9.What helps Gladys West to go to the university
A. Her teacher's aiding her. B. Her parents' paying for the expenses.
C. Her family background. D. The scholarship from the government.
10.What can we infer from the text
A. West got all her degrees after retirement.
B. Men dominated maths field in West's days.
C. Black women scientists' talent was fully appreciated.
D. When she began to work, West felt she was superior to others.
11.What does the underlined phrase "a building block" in paragraph 5 mean
A. A basic part. B. A detailed map.
C. A building material. D. A major obstacle.
12.What kind of person is Gladys West
A. Helpful and serious. B. Honest and hardworking.
C. Ambitious and committed. D. Considerate and devoted.
四、
American track and field athlete Jacqueline Joyner-Kersee once said, "Age is no barrier. It's a limitation you put on your mind." And 50-year-old Indian Lakyntiew Syiemlieh stands evidence for this saying. She recently cleared her Class 12 board exams. Lakyntiew, who has four children and two grandchildren, decided to go after her higher secondary education over three decades after dropping out of school. Earlier this year, she was one of the 24,267 students who appeared for the state board's Higher Secondary School Leaving Certificate(HSSLC) exam. Lakyntiew took part in the exams for the arts stream and had chosen subjects like Khasi, English, Political Science, Economics, and Education as her areas of specialization.
On July 13,2020,when the results were announced, she was excited. "Though I only got the third division(分段)，my children were still so excited that they started shouting, hugging, and kissing me when the results were declared, "said Lakyntiew.
In fact, the grandmother of two has expressed her interest in pursuing(追求) higher studies in the field of local language. Lakyntiew took up a distance education course offered by a university in 2015. She stopped going to school because mathematics was too difficult for her to understand. She was offered a job to teach in a preschool in 2008, and that was the beginning of her love for re-learning.
Being the oldest student in the class, most of Lakyntiew's classmates called her as "Mei", which means "mother" in the local language. Besides concentrating on academics,she also participated in after-class activities like field trips, dance competitions, and singing challenges, among others.
Age is not a problem when one is in search of education. Lakyntiew Syiemlieh is an example for everybody, and especially for those who give up studies midway.
13.When did Lakyntiew probably drop out of school
A. In 2008. B. In 1998. C. In 1988. D. In 1968.
14.Which of the following caused Lakyntiew to stop going to school
A. Her family was too poor to afford her education.
B. She had too much difficulty in learning one subject.
C. She was offered so good a job that she couldn't refuse.
D. She had many children to raise and had no time to study.
15.Which can best describe Lakyntiew's performance at school
A. Independent. B. Reasonable. C. Outstanding. D. Active.
16.What can we learn from Lakyntiew's story
A. Live and learn. B. Hard work pays off.
C. Many hands make light work. D. Education is the key to success.
五、
Yang Li, a native Miao woman passionate about embroidery, owns a folk culture products shop that sells Miao embroidery, batik cloth, and silver jewelry. At first, the small shop struggled as there were many similar products on the market. Yang realized the need for a unique brand to stand out from the competition. During a hike in Fanjing Mountain in July 2011, Yang accidentally cut her hand on a thorny leaf. This gave her an idea; "There are leaf-vein bookmarks and leaf-vein paintings. Why has nobody created leaf-vein embroidery yet "
Obviously, the reason behind this is that embroidering on leaves requires delicate skills that few possess. Yang Li collected thousands of leaves from Fanjing Mountain and processed them by steaming, boiling, and tanning them to expose their veins. While the leaves become soft, they are also extremely fragile. The biggest challenge was improving the flexibility of the leaves. After consulting local expert Shen Min, she learned that soaking them in acidic water could make them tough enough for embroidery.
Through continuous learning and practice, she succeeded in creating her first piece of leaf-vein embroidery, which perfectly combines traditional embroidery patterns with the natural textures of the leaves. By adding traditional designs from the Miao, Tujia, and Dong ethnic groups, she produced art that exhibits a unique aesthetic appeal of traditional embroidery with contemporary craftsmanship. Yang notes that typically, only those with decades of embroidery experience can independently complete the entire leaf-embroidery process, which is fewer than 20 people in Tongren from 2011 to now.
Two years later, Yang opened an embroidery processing factory and offered jobs to more than 500 laid-off female workers, rural women, and people with disabilities. "Guizhou is a province with a large number of ethnic groups and has a long history of ethnic embroidery skills," she says. "I will keep doing the leaf-vein embroidery for the rest of my life because it is meaningful."
17.What inspired Yang Li to create leaf-vein embroidery
A．Her love for Miao embroidery. B．The discovery of a special leaf.
C．An accidental injury to her hand. D．A decrease in her shop's earnings.
18.What is the biggest challenge for Yang Li
A．Softening the leaves. B．Exposing veins of leaves.
C．Collecting suitable leaves. D．Making leaves more flexible.
19.What do we know about Yang Li's leaf-vein embroidery
A．It is costly to complete a single piece.
B．It is well-received by international consumers.
C．It is demanding for cooperation between craftsmen.
D．It is a unique combination of artistic elements.
20.Which of the following words can best describe Yang Li
A．Creative and dedicated. B．Ambitious and cautious.
C．Passionate and humorous. D．Optimistic and considerate.
六、
In recent years, China has witnessed the growth of luxury (奢侈品) brands. In this market, Chinese consumers are now the largest spenders. It's clear that a new generation of young, materialistic people is increasingly relying on luxury brands to improve its self-image. I am a fashionist too, at least in spirit — I love to look at clothes and shoes. But I don't understand why people spend lots of money on designer labels. When a young woman buys a handbag that costs two months of her salary, that's a scary thing.
What's interesting is that scientists have found that having luxury things doesn't lead to happiness. Study after study has shown that although we want material things, when we get them we don't suddenly become "happy" people. In fact, a series of studies by Leaf Van Boven at the University of Colorado, US, has shown that individuals who spend money on travel and similar experiences get more pleasure than those who invest it in material things. That's because experiences are more easily combined with a person's identity. If I travel to Yunnan, that adventure affects how I think in the future. My memories become a part of me.
Moreover, as Van Boven has observed, young people who pursue happiness through "things" are liked less by their peers. People prefer those who pursue happiness through experiences.
It's natural to want to express yourself through your appearance. So my advice is: create a look that isn't tied to a designer label. Convey your own message. Take some lessons from the late Apple co-founder Steve Jobs. He was always in Levis jeans and a black turtleneck. Mark Zuckerberg, founder of Facebook, routinely appears in hoodies and sneakers. These people, successful people, have style. You don't have to break the bank to send a message about who you are. Take a trip. Go out into the world. Then come back and confidently create your own signature look.
21.What can we infer from the first paragraph
A. The author enjoys buying luxury brands herself.
B. The author agrees to overspend money on material things.
C. The author is critical of youths tying their looks to designer labels.
D. The author finds it natural for fashionists to follow fashion trends.
22.Leaf Van Boven's studies showed that ______.
A. people dislike those who love luxuries
B. traveling changes a person's identity greatly
C. luxuries have a negative effect on people's happiness
D. experiences can bring people more happiness than luxuries
23.What is the author's advice on expressing oneself
A. Be selective about designer labels. B. Create your own personal unique style.
C. Choose simple and fashionable styles. D. Try styles like Mark Zuckerberg's.
24.The main purpose of the article is to ______.
A. prove how luxury leads to an unpleasant life
B. tell how to express yourself through appearances
C. report on a series of studies about luxuries and happiness
D. persuade readers to invest in experiences instead of luxuries
七、
Dan Mancina is a skateboarder whose jaw-dropping videos get hundreds of thousands of views. Mancina also happens to be blind, and videos of him using his white cane (手杖) as he skateboards have gained admiration from fans around the world.
"I've lost my vision slowly throughout my life," Mancina said. It wasn't until his mid-20s that his condition—an eye disease started to affect his day-to-day life, stopping him from driving and biking. The Michigan native started skating at seven, and got into it more seriously at 13, saying the sport helps him express himself. He stopped skating for a couple of years. This period, the 35-year-old said, was his "lowest point".
However, mobility training helped him gain confidence. Slowly, he returned to doing what he loved. Mancina started filming short videos of his progress and posting them online and met a new group of people to skate with, gaining enough confidence to return to the streets. "I was just actually trying it, and then realized I was still the same person and that I could still do all the things that I love," he said.
Now, Mancina wants to create spaces where visually impaired (视力受损的) people can enjoy the sport. "I wanted to build the first skatepark designed for visually impaired people, so I started a foundation called ‘Keep Pushing' and have been raising money ever since for a few years now," he said. The park, set to be built in Michigan, will use adaptive methods, such as increasing the size of obstacles, to make it safe and accessible.
"To change the perception of the visually impaired, I started my social media stuff. Some people think it's crazy for a blind people to skate. It's not that crazy in my head. I just enjoy skating. I encourage people to think that way—don't let other people decide what you can and can't do. You know. It's all up to you," Mancina added.
25.Which of the following best describes Mancina skateboarding
A. Time-consuming B. Breath-taking.
C. Labour-saving. D. Stress-reducing.
26.What happened to Mancina before he started skateboarding again
A. His eye disease had been cured.
B. He lost all interest in skateboarding.
C. His story inspired many disabled people.
D. He experienced the worst moment of his life.
27.What can be learned about Mancina as he started skateboarding again
A. He went through a lot of suffering.
B. He had a sense of belonging gradually.
C. He was very anxious about his performance.
D. He was optimistic about the spread of the sport.
28.Why does Mancina post videos of his skateboarding online
A. To improve the image of blind people.
B. To introduce the skatepark he has built
C. To persuade more people to skateboard.
D. To raise money for the visually impaired.
八、
When I was 13, I climbed my first mountain—a fairly gentle 3,900-foot peak. I was overweight at the time and out of breath when I reached the summit. But I loved challenging myself. Soon I'd climbed nearly 100 peaks. My parents were happy I'd finally found a hobby.
I often go climbing with my friend Mel Olsen. She and I drove to tackle 11, 240-foot Mount Hood. It's safer to start winter climbs at night when there's less risk of the sun melting the snowpack. That day, we started at 3 a.m. At around 9 a. m., we reached an ice step. It was about three or four feet tall and sloped at a 75-degree angle. I volunteered to go first. I placed my left foot on the ice step.
I gained a sense of the ice when I stuck my ax and crampons(鞋底钉) into it, and it felt good. Confident I was safe, I put my full weight on it. Suddenly, I heard a crack, and as the snowpack became thinner, a whole piece of ice broke off the step, right under my foot.
In an instant, I fell backward, bouncing off the rock face and rolling down the mountain as if I were a character in a video game. I remember thinking, "This is it. You're done." I stuck out my arms and legs, grabbing at anything. That stopped my rolling down the mountain, but I was still sliding. After a few seconds, I came to a stop on a shallow slope.
I asked myself: Where are you Mount Hood. What's the date December 30. Good. My brain was functioning. Then I checked my body to see where I was hurt. For the most part, I was fine, except that I was suffering from a sharp pain in my left leg. Later I'd learn that I'd broken my femur(大腿骨)and that the bone was slicing into my skin and muscle.
At the bottom of Mount Hood, I was loaded into an ambulance and taken to a hospital. The doctors told me it would be a year before I could climb again, but I was back on the trails within six months.
29.Why did the author and her friend set out at 3 a.m.
A. It was the best time to enjoy scenery.
B. It was more challenging to climb at night.
C. They wanted to finish the climb before sunset.
D. They hoped to avoid some possible dangers.
30.Why is "a character in a video game" mentioned in paragraph 4
A. To show her strong character. B. To make her idea more convincing.
C. To help readers imagine the scene. D. To add to the humor of the description.
31.How did the author make sure she could still think clearly
A. By recalling what had happened.
B. By checking whether she was injured.
C. By calling an ambulance for rescue.
D. By asking herself some factual questions.
32.What can we learn about the author
A. She is too brave to pay attention to any danger.
B. She has a strong desire for professional knowledge.
C. Setbacks can't stop her from challenging herself.
D. The love for nature sets her apart from her friends.
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：C
解析：段落大意题。根据第一段"I was the only kid in college with a reason to go to the mail box, because my mother never believed in email, or cell phones in general. I was literally waiting to get a letter to see how the weekend had gone, which was usually the warmest comfort for me. (我是大学里唯一有理由去邮箱的孩子，因为我妈妈从来不相信电子邮件或者手机。我真的是在等着收到一封信，看看周末过得怎么样，这通常是对我最温暖的安慰。)"可知，作者依恋信件。故选C。
2.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段"Overnight, my inbox became this harbor of heartbreak-a single mother in Sacramento, a girl being bullied (恐吓) in rural Kansas…, all asking me to write them a letter and give them a reason to wait by the mailbox. (一夜之间, 我的收件箱变成了心碎的港湾—一位在萨克拉门托的单身母亲, 一个在堪萨斯州乡下被欺负的女孩……所有人都要求我给他们写一封信, 给他们一个在邮箱旁等待的理由。)"可知，信件对人们的安慰作用激发了作者发起这项活动。故选A。
3.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段"So I get to tell total strangers about a woman whose husband was traumatized(受精神创伤) from war in Afghanistan, and how she left love letters throughout the house as a way to say, "Come back to me." And the man, who had decided to take his life, tonight slept safely with letters just beneath his pillow, handwritten by strangers who were there for him. (于是我开始给陌生人讲述一个女人的故事, 她的丈夫在阿富汗战争中受到了创伤, 她如何在家里到处留下情书,以一种方式说: "回到我身边来。"而这个决定结束自己生命的人, 今晚安然入睡, 枕头下有陌生人手写的信, 他们一直守候在他身边。)"可知，为什么作者称邮件箱为"神奇的破冰器"是因为它开启了和陌生人的交谈。故选B。
4.答案：C
解析：标题归纳题。根据第二段"I did the only thing I could think of—writing letters like my mother for strangers. I blogged about those letters and crazily promised I would write you a hand-written letter if asked to. (我做了我唯一能想到的事—像我母亲一样给陌生人写信。我把这些信写在博客上, 并疯狂地承诺, 如果你让我写,我会给你写一封手写的信。)"和第四段"So I get to tell total strangers about a woman whose husband was traumatized (受精神创伤) from war in Afghanistan, and how she left love letters throughout the house as a way to say, "Come back to me." And the man, who had decided to take his life, tonight slept safely with letters just beneath his pillow, handwritten by strangers who were there for him. (于是我开始给陌生人讲述一个女人的故事,她的丈夫在阿富汗战争中受到了创伤, 她如何在家里到处留下情书, 以一种方式说: "回到我身边来。"而这个决定结束自己生命的人, 今晚安然入睡, 枕头下有陌生人手写的信, 他们一直守候在他身边。)"可知，本文叙述了作者通过亲手写信的方式与陌生人交谈, 给他们带去了安慰。故选C。
二、
5.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段"Initially, she attributed her symptoms to stress, but it soon became apparent that she was experiencing the onset of MS, specifically vertigo."可知，Nicole最初将她的症状归因于压力，因此，当第一次攻击发生时，Nicole没有注意到它。故选D。
6.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段"Sensing a potential misdiagnosis, she promptly sought further diagnostic scrutiny at a hospital."和第四段"Following this inaugural episode and her subsequent diagnosis, Latham remained MS-free for several years."可知，Nicole感觉到可能被误诊，她迅速寻求在医院进行进一步的诊断。在首次发作和随后的诊断之后，Nicole在随后的几年里没有多发性硬化症。因此，Nicole在服用了很多药物后可能感到担忧。故选B。
7.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段"Her aspiration was to inspire her contemporaries with disabilities, demonstrating that a life of vibrancy and fulfillment is attainable despite the adversities posed by MS."可知，Nicole的抱负是激励她的同时代人，尽管多发性硬化症带来的逆境，证明充满活力和满足感的生活是可以实现的。故选C。
8.答案：D
解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段"Nicole Latham, a youthful 21-year-old scholar at the University of Leeds, dedicates her time not solely to the pursuit of legal academia, but also to the rigorous domain of weightlifting contests."和第五段"Her narrative seeks to illuminate both the exultant peaks and the somber troughs of living with this condition."可知，本文讲述一位21岁利兹大学的年轻学者Nicole Latham与多发性硬化症共存的高潮和低谷。故选D。
三、
9.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段"Finally, West got the scholarship, allowing her to attend Virginia State College, a historically black university. (最后，West获得了奖学金，使她得以进入弗吉尼亚州立大学，这是一所历史上的黑人大学。)"可知，是奖学金使得West能够进入大学。故选D。
10.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段"It was largely studied by men, but she didn't take much notice of them as she knew deep in her heart that nothing was getting in her way. (这主要是由男性研究的，但她并没有太在意他们，因为她内心深处知道，没有什么能阻挡她。)"可知，在West那个时代里，男人主宰着数学领域。故选B。
11.答案：A
解析：词句猜测题。根据第五段"She programmed an IBM 7030 Stretch computer, providing faster calculations for an accurate Earthmodel. (她编写了一台IBM 7030 Stretch计算机，为精确的地球模型提供了更快的计算。)可知，这个数学模型是GPS的基础。选项A"A basic part. (基石)"与划线词含义相近。故选A。
12.答案：C
解析：观点态度题。根据第三段"West decided to major in mathematics because it was a well-respected subject. It was largely studied by men, but she didn't take much notice of them as she knew deep in her heart that nothing was getting in her way. After graduating, she became a teacher. A few years later, she returned to the university and earned a master's degree in mathematics. (West决定主修数学，因为这是一门受人尊敬的学科。这主要是由男性研究的，但她并没有太注意他们，因为她内心深处知道，没有什么能阻挡她。毕业后，她成为了一名教师。几年后，她回到大学，获得了数学硕士学位。)、第二段"In 1998, aged 68, she intended to focus on her PhD after retirement. She eventually finished her graduation thesis and gained her PhD in public administration and policy affairs in 2000 at the age of 70. (1998年，68岁的她打算在退休后专心攻读博士学位。她最终完成了毕业论文，并于2000年以70岁高龄获得了公共行政政策博士学位。)"和第四段"West determined to commit herself to her work, hoping that by doing it to the best of her ability, she could get recognition for her work. (West决定全身心地投入到自己的工作中，希望通过尽自己最大的努力，让自己的工作得到认可。)"可知，West是一位有雄心抱负、尽心尽力的人。故选C。
四、
13.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据"decided to go after her higher secondary education over three decades after dropping out of school."可知，Lakyntiew在决定重新开始学业的时候已经辍学三十多年了，根据"On July 13,2020,when the results were announced."可知，文章是写在2020年，所以Lakyntiew辍学是在1990年之前。故选C。
14.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据"She stopped going to school because mathematics was too difficult for her to understand."可知，她辍学是因为数学太难理解了，可以判断出她在学一个科目上有困难。故选B。
15.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据"Besides concentrating on academics, she also participated in after-class activities like field trips, dance competitions, and singing challenges, among others."可知，她除了注重学习，还参加很多课外活动，所以很活跃来描述她在学校的表现很恰当。故选D。
16.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据"Age is not a problem when one is in search of education. "可知，寻求教育时年龄不是问题，Lakyntiew老年坚持学习的故事说明了"活到老学到老"。故选A。
五、
17.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段"During a hike in Fanjing Mountain in July 2011, Yang accidentally cut her hand on a thorny leaf. This gave her an idea; 'There are leaf-vein bookmarks and leaf-vein paintings. Why has nobody created leaf-vein embroidery yet ' (2011年7月，在梵净山的一次徒步旅行中，杨丽不小心被一片带刺的叶子划伤了手。这给了她一个灵感：'有叶脉书签和叶脉画，为什么没有人尝试过叶脉刺绣呢？')"可知，是手部的意外受伤激发了她创作叶脉刺绣的想法。故选C。
18.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段"The biggest challenge was improving the flexibility of the leaves. (最大的挑战在于提高叶子的柔韧性。)"可知，最大的挑战是提高叶子的柔韧性，使叶子更有弹性。故选D。
19.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段"Through continuous learning and practice, she succeeded in creating her first piece of leaf-vein embroidery, which perfectly combines traditional embroidery patterns with the natural textures of the leaves. (经过不断的学习和实践，她成功地创造了她的第一件叶脉刺绣作品，完美地将传统的刺绣图案与叶子的自然纹理结合在一起。)"可知，她的叶脉刺绣是传统刺绣图案与自然纹理的结合，是艺术元素的独特组合。故选D。
20.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段"Through continuous learning and practice, she succeeded in creating her first piece of leaf-vein embroidery, which perfectly combines traditional embroidery patterns with the natural textures of the leaves. (经过不断的学习和实践，她成功地创造了她的第一件叶脉刺绣作品，完美地将传统的刺绣图案与叶子的自然纹理结合在一起。)"可知，她把传统刺绣图案与自然纹理相结合，创造了叶脉刺绣作品，她非常富有创造性，根据最后一段"Two years later, Yang opened an embroidery processing factory and offered jobs to more than 500 laid-off female workers, rural women, and people with disabilities. 'Guizhou is a province with a large number of ethnic groups and has a long history of ethnic embroidery skills,' she says. 'I will keep doing the leaf-vein embroidery for the rest of my life because it is meaningful.' (两年后，杨丽开设了一家刺绣加工厂，为超过500名下岗女工、农村妇女和残疾人提供了工作机会。'贵州是一个拥有大量少数民族的省份，有着悠久的民族刺绣技艺历史，'她说，'我将毕生致力于叶脉刺绣，因为它意义重大')"可知，她致力于帮助当地女性就业，富有奉献精神。故选A。
六、
21.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段"I am a fashionist too, at least in spirit—I love to look at clothes and shoes. But I don't understand why people spend lots of money on designer labels. When a young woman buys a handbag that costs two months of her salary, that's a scary thing. (我也是一个时尚主义者，至少在精神上是这样的——我喜欢看衣服和鞋子。但是我不明白为什么人们要在设计师品牌上花那么多钱。当一个年轻女性买了一个价值两个月工资的手提包时，这是一件可怕的事情。)"可知，作者批评年轻人花很多钱来买设计师品牌，以此来打扮自己的行为。故选C。
22.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段"In fact, a series of studies by Leaf Van Boven at the University of Colorado, US, has shown that individuals who spend money on travel and similar experiences get more pleasure than those who invest it in material things. (事实上，美国科罗拉多大学博尔德分校Leaf Van Boven的一系列研究表明，在旅行和类似经历上花钱的人比那些把钱花在物质上的人获得更多的快乐。)"可知，Leaf Van Boven 的研究表明，与奢侈品相比，经历能给人们带来更多的幸福。故选D。
23.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段"It's natural to want to express yourself through your appearance. So my advice is: create a look that isn't tied to a designer label. Convey your own message. (通过外表来表达自己是很自然的。所以我的建议是：创造一个不依赖于设计师标签的外观。传达你自己的信息。)"可知，作者建议人们不要通过设计师标签来表达自己，由此可推知，作者建议人们要创造你自己独特的风格来表达自己。故选B。
24.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段"You don't have to break the bank to send a message about who you are. Take a trip. Go out into the world. Then come back and confidently create your own signature look.(你不必为了表明自己的身份而破产。去旅行吧。去外面的世界。然后回来，自信地创建自己的签名外观。)"可知，作者的写作目的是：说服读者将钱投资在丰富自身经历上而不是奢侈品上，故选D。
七、
25.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段"Mancina also happens to be blind, and videos of him using his white cane (手杖) as he skateboards have gained admiration from fans around the world. (Mancina碰巧也是个盲人，他在滑板时使用白色拐杖的视频赢得了世界各地粉丝的赞赏。)"可知，Mancina滑板运动令人叹为观止。故选B。
26.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段"He stopped skating for a couple of years. This period, the 35-year-old said, was his 'lowest point'. (他停止滑冰有几年了。35岁的他说，这段时间是他的'最低点'。)"可知，Mancina在他再次开始玩滑板之前经历了他一生中最糟糕的时刻。故选D.
27.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段"'I was just actually trying it, and then realized I was still the same person and that I could still do all the things that I love,' he said. ('我只是在尝试，然后意识到我还是原来的我，我仍然可以做所有我喜欢的事情，'他说。)"可知，Mancina重新开始玩滑板时，逐渐有了归属感。故选B。
28.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段"'To change the perception of the visually impaired, I started my social media stuff. Some people think it's crazy for a blind people to skate. It's not that crazy in my head. I just enjoy skating. I encourage people to think that way-don't let other people decide what you can and can't do. You know. It's all up to you,' Mancina added. ('为了改变视障人士的看法，我开始了我的社交媒体项目。有些人认为盲人滑冰是疯狂的。我脑子里没那么疯狂。我只是喜欢滑冰。我鼓励人们这样想-不要让别人决定你能做什么，不能做什么。你知道的。这完全取决于你，' Mancina补充道。)"可知，Mancina发布他玩滑板的视频是为了改善盲人的形象。故选A。
八、
29.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段"It's safer to start winter climbs at night when there's less risk of the sun melting the snowpack."可知，相比夜晚，白天爬山时，太阳融化积雪的风险较大，因此作者和朋友选择凌晨3点出发来回避可能的危险。故选D。
30.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段"In an instant, I fell backward, bouncing off the rock face and rolling down the mountain as if I were a character in a video game."可知，作者使用as if 虚拟句式让读者结合自己的经验想象自己当时遭遇的危险状况。故选C。
31.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。第5段的两个问题"Where are you " "What's the date "都属于事实类问题,作者用自问自答的方式确定自己的大脑在事故后的意识状况。故选D。
32.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，困难和挫折不能阻挡作者挑战自我的脚步。故选C。
