中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
外研版八年级上册Module9 Population模块话题阅读理解专项
一、完形填空
Look at your watch for just one minute. During that time, the population of the world increased by over 250. During the next hour, over fifteen thousand more 1 will be born. It 2 on, hour after hour. In one day, people have to 3 food for over 370,000 more mouths. Population increase is a big problem in many 4 , such as China and India.
The world’s population is 5 faster and faster. It is estimated(估计) that the world’s population reached one billion for the first time in 1804. It was 123 years 6 it reached two billion in 1927, but it 7 only 33 years to reach three billion in 1960. After that, the world’s population reached four billion in 1974, 8 billion in 1987 and six billion in 1999. The United Nations decided to 9 the “Day of 5 Billion” on July 11, 1987, and the “Day of 6
Billion” on October 12, 1999. On October 31, 2011, the world’s population reached 7 billion. 10 the population keeps increasing like this, the world’s population will reach eight billion by 2026. That means that in about 600 years, there will be standing room only on the earth(地球).
1．A．pupils B．boys C．girls D．babies
2．A．goes B．lives C．jumps D．gets
3．A．describe B．produce C．feed D．change
4．A．cities B．villages C．countries D．universities
5．A．growing B．falling C．working D．beating
6．A．about B．of C．with D．before
7．A．cost B．spent C．paid D．took
8．A．four B．five C．six D．seven
9．A．miss B．celebrate C．protect D．push
10．A．But B．Or C．If D．Till
二、阅读理解
Is the world too crowded Well, that’s a hard question to answer. It’s all a matter of perspective (视角). In Montana, you might drive for a mile in any direction and not see another human being. In Macao, 60,000 people live in every square mile!
What is true is that the world’s population doesn’t stay the same. It has been increasing at a very fast rate (比例). That’s in part because in each generation (代) there are more people who then have children than in the last generation.
Five hundred years ago, the population of the world was about 460 million. In 1920s, the world’s population was under 2.5 billion (十亿). Right now it is doubling every 40 years. That means, if this rate of growth continues, when you are a parent, there will be twice as many people on the earth as there are now. Wow! Now that’s a whole lot of people! Soon the world’s population will probably reach 7 billion. Some people worry about that! But there is a lot of disagreement about just how many people on the earth equals (相当于) too many people. But everyone agrees that the more people there are, the more resources (资源) the world needs to feed, house and take care of all of them, and the more need there is to think carefully about how we live and use the earth’s resources.
11．From the first paragraph (段落) we can know that ________.
A．Montana is too crowded B．Macao is too crowded
C．the world is too crowded D．the world is not too crowded
12．The population is increasing fast partly because ________.
A．people live longer than before
B．there are fewer wars than before
C．medicine is developing faster than before
D．more couples now would like to have children than before
13．What was the world’s population 100 years ago
A．450 million. B．About 2.5 billion. C．40 billion. D．7 billion.
14．The writer thinks that with the population increasing, we should ________.
A．find more resources B．use more resources
C．think about our ways of living D．move to other places
15．From the passage we can learn that the writer ________.
A．thinks the world doesn’t have too many people
B．thinks the world can feed no more than 7 billion people
C．is not sure when the world’s population will reach 7 billion
D．is not sure what the largest population that the world can feed is
Places of interest
Country China Japan America Russia
Continent Asia Asia North America Europe
Capital Beijing Tokyo Washington, D．C． Moscow
Area (sq. km) 9, 600, 000 377, 835 9, 372, 615 17, 075, 200
Population (billion) 1. 319 0. 127 0. 301 0. 142
16．Which country can you go, if you want to visit the Great Wall
A．China. B．America. C．Europe. D．Russia.
17．The area of Russia is the ________ largest of the four countries.
A．fourth B．second C．third D．first
18．The population of China is ________ billion more than that of America.
A．1. 018 B．10.18 C．1. 62 D．1. 53
19．The Statue of Liberty is one of the places of interest in ________.
A．Japan B．America C．Russia D．China
20．Which of the following is TRUE according to the information above
A．Washington, D．C． is the capital of Russia.
B．The Great Wall and Fuji are both in Asia.
C．According to the form, the area of China is the largest of the four countries.
D．The population of Tokyo is 0.127 million.
Our country has different population policies at different times. In early 2016, we stopped the one-child policy and carried out the two-child policy. Now we have the three-child policy. The following is some information about our country’s population.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
21．How many babies might be born in a town with a population of 100,000 in 2016
A．492. B．1,208. C．1,295. D．1,786.
22．Why did the birth rate increase in our country in 2016
A．Because more people wanted children.
B．Because more people got married in 2015.
C．Because our country carried out the two- child policy.
D．Because our country had a large population.
23．What was the population growth rate of 2017
A．0.532%. B．0.586%. C．12.95%. D．12.43%.
24．How did the number of two- child births change from 2015 to 2017
A．It fell. B．It increased. C．It didn’t change. D．It was up and down.
25．Where does the text most probably come from
A．An article about culture. B．A website about medicine.
C．A newspaper about population. D．A magazine about traveling.
According to the United Nations, later this year, India’s population will surpass China’s. With 1, 428 billion people, it will be the most populous country in the world.
What is driving India’s population growth Well, one of the biggest reasons is its young people. Nearly half of the country’s population is under the age of 25. Because of this, scientists believe that India’s population will reach the top in 2065. They say that India has a lot to learn from China. Giving better education is actually one of the best ways to control population.
Becoming the world’s most populous country means an important turning point in India’s development. Have you ever heard the term “demographic dividend (人口红利)” It means that the more working people a country has, the more likely its economy (经济) is to grow. In 2021, the working-age population of India stood at 900 million. That was a surprising number. However, the U. S. working-age population is only 207 million.
Nearly 40 years ago, many young, clever Indians started moving to the West. They were looking for better chances for their skills. At that time, many scientists were worried about this. Many of them have become CEOs of top companies in the world. They can help develop their home country.
▲ There are, for example, not as many new non-farming jobs as people expected. Millions of young Indians feel hopeless about the future of their jobs. They choose to continue their studies rather than look for jobs. India’s unemployment rate (失业率) climbed to 8. 11% this past April.
India still has a long way to go before it starts to take full advantage of its population size.
26．What can we learn from the situation of Indian population
A．India has stepped into an aging society recently.
B．India became the most populous country last year.
C．It’s not necessary for India to control its population.
D．The population of India will reach the top in 42 years.
27．Which of the following can be the best to fill in “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 4
A．India takes full advantage of its population size now.
B．With those chances for growth also bring disadvantages.
C．Young people in India should choose to continue their studies.
D．The problem of India’s unemployment rate will be solved soon.
28．Which could be the best title for the passage
A．Problems of populous countries. B．Advantages of population growth.
C．Will this be the “Indian Century” D．What makes India’s population growth
Population
Difference Between Birth Rate (比率) and Death Rate
29．Of the mentioned population, ________ are Asians.
A．10% B．20% C．61% D．71%
30．The high increasing rate of population may be a great problem for ________.
A．Europe and Asia
B．Europe and Africa
C．Asia, North America and Africa
D．North America, Africa and Europe
31．Where do you think the passage may come from
A．A storybook. B．A newspaper.
C．A travel book. D．A film guide.
China did the seventh national population census (人口普查) in 2020. It’s only done once every 10 years. It is important for helping the government make policies (政策). Let’s take a look at the research.
World’s largest population: The population on the mainland is about 1.4 billion. The country’s total population has been growing gradually and will stay above 1.4 billion for some time.
An aging (老龄化的) society: The country’s average (平均) age is 38.8 years old. Nearly 20% of the population are over 60, while the number of working-age people has dropped by over 40 million. This will cause problems. For example, there aren’t enough people to do all the jobs and there aren’t enough young people to look after the old ones.
More education: Nearly 220 million people have college degrees (学位). China has made great efforts to develop higher education in recent years, as well as make sure school-age kids go to school.
32．China did the seventh national population census in ______.
A．2000 B．2010 C．2020 D．2021
33．The annual population growth rate from 2010 to 2020 was ______ lower than that from 2000 to 2010.
A．0.04% B．0.05% C．0.06% D．0.07%
34．About ______ of the population are between 15 and 59 years old.
A．17.95% B．20% C．18.7% D．63.35%
35．China is facing the problem of ______. It may cause a shortage (短缺) of young people.
A．making policies B．an aging society C．college degrees D．more education
India has a population of about 1.28 billion. Its population is the second largest in the world. China has the largest population of over 1.36 billion. One out of six people on this planet live in India. Although the crown (王冠) of the world's most populous country is on China's head for ten years, India will take the position by 2030. With the population growth rate (率) at 1.58%, India will have more than 1.53 billion people by the end of 2030.
Now more than 50% of India's population is below the age of 25 and over 65% below the age of 35. About 72.2% of the population lives in some 638, 000 villages.
Some of the reasons for India's quickly growing population are poverty, illiteracy (文盲), decrease in death rates and immigration (移民) from Bangladesh and Nepal. India started taking measures to stop the growth rate quite early. India had the "National Family Planning Program" in 1952. It became the first country in the world to have a population policy. However, it failed to reach the final goal (目标).
36．The population of India is about ________ now.
A．1.58 billion B．1.53 billion C．1.36 billion D．1.28 billion
37．The underlined word "position" means "________" in Chinese.
A．麻烦 B．现象 C．位置 D．考验
38．Over 65% of India's population is below the age of ________.
A．25 B．35 C．45 D．55
39．________ is not the reason for India's quickly growing population.
A．Poverty B．Illiteracy C．Increase in death rates D．Immigration
40．Which of the following is TRUE
A．India's population growth rate is 1.58%.
B．One out of seven people on the earth live in India.
C．About 72.2% of India's population lives in the city.
D．In 1953, India started the "National Family Planning Program".
三、任务型阅读
根据短文内容完成表格，每空一词。
In the past, man did not think about the protection of the environment. Today, the world has become too crowded. We are using up our natural resources (资源) too quickly, and at the same time we are polluting our environment with dangerous chemicals (化学制品). Everyone realizes today that if too many fish are taken from the sea, there will soon be none left. Yet, with modern fishing methods, more and more fish are caught. We know that if too many trees are cut down, forests will disappear and nothing will grow on the land. Yet, we continue to use bigger and more powerful (强大的) machines to cut down more and more trees. We know that if the population of the world continues to rise at the present rate (速度), in a few years, there will not be enough food. What can we do to solve these problems
If we eat more vegetables and less meat, we will easily get more food. Land that is used to grow crops (作物) can feed five times more people than land where animals are kept. The world population will not rise so quickly if people use modern methods of birth control. Finally, if we educate (教育) people to think about the problems, we shall have a better and cleaner living place in the future.
The Importance of 41 the Environment
Problems people are making Catching more 42 , cutting down more trees...
Ways to 43 these problems Eating more vegetables and less meat, using modern methods of birth control and 44 people to consider (考虑) the problems.
Aim Having a better and cleaner place to 45 in the future.
How much do you know about Chicago in the United States You might think it’s a big city. It is true! Chicago is actually the third most populous(人口众多的) city in the US, with the population of 2,700,000. Its other famous name is “The Windy City”. It is for good reason. The city lies right next to Lake Michigan and heavy winds blow through the city.
Chicago is well known for its art and culture. In order to know the art and culture, you must pay a visit to the Art College of Chicago. It is not only a school, but also a world-class art museum.
If you don’t want to visit a museum, you can take some special photos. Then your best choice is to take photos at the Cloud Gate. Chicago has lots of fun things to do. If you enjoy heights, visit the famous Willis Tower! You can go up to the top of it and walk onto a glass box. You’ll be standing over the city, but don’t worry—it’s completely safe. Doesn’t Chicago sound like a fun city
根据短文内容完成表格，每空一词。
The Introduction of Chicago
How large the population is The 46 most populous city in the US, with the population of 2,700,000.
Why it is called “The Windy City” Because winds blow through the city 47 .
Which place shows art and culture best Art College of Chicago is not only a school, but also a world-class art 48 .
Where you can take some special photos If you don’t feel like 49 a museum, please take photos at the Cloud Gate.
What fun things you can do 50 up to the top of Willis Tower and walking onto a glass box.
答案第1页，共2页
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
外研版八年级上册Module9 Population模块话题阅读理解专项
一、完形填空
Look at your watch for just one minute. During that time, the population of the world increased by over 250. During the next hour, over fifteen thousand more 1 will be born. It 2 on, hour after hour. In one day, people have to 3 food for over 370,000 more mouths. Population increase is a big problem in many 4 , such as China and India.
The world’s population is 5 faster and faster. It is estimated(估计) that the world’s population reached one billion for the first time in 1804. It was 123 years 6 it reached two billion in 1927, but it 7 only 33 years to reach three billion in 1960. After that, the world’s population reached four billion in 1974, 8 billion in 1987 and six billion in 1999. The United Nations decided to 9 the “Day of 5 Billion” on July 11, 1987, and the “Day of 6
Billion” on October 12, 1999. On October 31, 2011, the world’s population reached 7 billion. 10 the population keeps increasing like this, the world’s population will reach eight billion by 2026. That means that in about 600 years, there will be standing room only on the earth(地球).
1．A．pupils B．boys C．girls D．babies
2．A．goes B．lives C．jumps D．gets
3．A．describe B．produce C．feed D．change
4．A．cities B．villages C．countries D．universities
5．A．growing B．falling C．working D．beating
6．A．about B．of C．with D．before
7．A．cost B．spent C．paid D．took
8．A．four B．five C．six D．seven
9．A．miss B．celebrate C．protect D．push
10．A．But B．Or C．If D．Till
二、阅读理解
Is the world too crowded Well, that’s a hard question to answer. It’s all a matter of perspective (视角). In Montana, you might drive for a mile in any direction and not see another human being. In Macao, 60,000 people live in every square mile!
What is true is that the world’s population doesn’t stay the same. It has been increasing at a very fast rate (比例). That’s in part because in each generation (代) there are more people who then have children than in the last generation.
Five hundred years ago, the population of the world was about 460 million. In 1920s, the world’s population was under 2.5 billion (十亿). Right now it is doubling every 40 years. That means, if this rate of growth continues, when you are a parent, there will be twice as many people on the earth as there are now. Wow! Now that’s a whole lot of people! Soon the world’s population will probably reach 7 billion. Some people worry about that! But there is a lot of disagreement about just how many people on the earth equals (相当于) too many people. But everyone agrees that the more people there are, the more resources (资源) the world needs to feed, house and take care of all of them, and the more need there is to think carefully about how we live and use the earth’s resources.
11．From the first paragraph (段落) we can know that ________.
A．Montana is too crowded B．Macao is too crowded
C．the world is too crowded D．the world is not too crowded
12．The population is increasing fast partly because ________.
A．people live longer than before
B．there are fewer wars than before
C．medicine is developing faster than before
D．more couples now would like to have children than before
13．What was the world’s population 100 years ago
A．450 million. B．About 2.5 billion. C．40 billion. D．7 billion.
14．The writer thinks that with the population increasing, we should ________.
A．find more resources B．use more resources
C．think about our ways of living D．move to other places
15．From the passage we can learn that the writer ________.
A．thinks the world doesn’t have too many people
B．thinks the world can feed no more than 7 billion people
C．is not sure when the world’s population will reach 7 billion
D．is not sure what the largest population that the world can feed is
Places of interest
Country China Japan America Russia
Continent Asia Asia North America Europe
Capital Beijing Tokyo Washington, D．C． Moscow
Area (sq. km) 9, 600, 000 377, 835 9, 372, 615 17, 075, 200
Population (billion) 1. 319 0. 127 0. 301 0. 142
16．Which country can you go, if you want to visit the Great Wall
A．China. B．America. C．Europe. D．Russia.
17．The area of Russia is the ________ largest of the four countries.
A．fourth B．second C．third D．first
18．The population of China is ________ billion more than that of America.
A．1. 018 B．10.18 C．1. 62 D．1. 53
19．The Statue of Liberty is one of the places of interest in ________.
A．Japan B．America C．Russia D．China
20．Which of the following is TRUE according to the information above
A．Washington, D．C． is the capital of Russia.
B．The Great Wall and Fuji are both in Asia.
C．According to the form, the area of China is the largest of the four countries.
D．The population of Tokyo is 0.127 million.
Our country has different population policies at different times. In early 2016, we stopped the one-child policy and carried out the two-child policy. Now we have the three-child policy. The following is some information about our country’s population.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
21．How many babies might be born in a town with a population of 100,000 in 2016
A．492. B．1,208. C．1,295. D．1,786.
22．Why did the birth rate increase in our country in 2016
A．Because more people wanted children.
B．Because more people got married in 2015.
C．Because our country carried out the two- child policy.
D．Because our country had a large population.
23．What was the population growth rate of 2017
A．0.532%. B．0.586%. C．12.95%. D．12.43%.
24．How did the number of two- child births change from 2015 to 2017
A．It fell. B．It increased. C．It didn’t change. D．It was up and down.
25．Where does the text most probably come from
A．An article about culture. B．A website about medicine.
C．A newspaper about population. D．A magazine about traveling.
According to the United Nations, later this year, India’s population will surpass China’s. With 1, 428 billion people, it will be the most populous country in the world.
What is driving India’s population growth Well, one of the biggest reasons is its young people. Nearly half of the country’s population is under the age of 25. Because of this, scientists believe that India’s population will reach the top in 2065. They say that India has a lot to learn from China. Giving better education is actually one of the best ways to control population.
Becoming the world’s most populous country means an important turning point in India’s development. Have you ever heard the term “demographic dividend (人口红利)” It means that the more working people a country has, the more likely its economy (经济) is to grow. In 2021, the working-age population of India stood at 900 million. That was a surprising number. However, the U. S. working-age population is only 207 million.
Nearly 40 years ago, many young, clever Indians started moving to the West. They were looking for better chances for their skills. At that time, many scientists were worried about this. Many of them have become CEOs of top companies in the world. They can help develop their home country.
▲ There are, for example, not as many new non-farming jobs as people expected. Millions of young Indians feel hopeless about the future of their jobs. They choose to continue their studies rather than look for jobs. India’s unemployment rate (失业率) climbed to 8. 11% this past April.
India still has a long way to go before it starts to take full advantage of its population size.
26．What can we learn from the situation of Indian population
A．India has stepped into an aging society recently.
B．India became the most populous country last year.
C．It’s not necessary for India to control its population.
D．The population of India will reach the top in 42 years.
27．Which of the following can be the best to fill in “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 4
A．India takes full advantage of its population size now.
B．With those chances for growth also bring disadvantages.
C．Young people in India should choose to continue their studies.
D．The problem of India’s unemployment rate will be solved soon.
28．Which could be the best title for the passage
A．Problems of populous countries. B．Advantages of population growth.
C．Will this be the “Indian Century” D．What makes India’s population growth
Population
Difference Between Birth Rate (比率) and Death Rate
29．Of the mentioned population, ________ are Asians.
A．10% B．20% C．61% D．71%
30．The high increasing rate of population may be a great problem for ________.
A．Europe and Asia
B．Europe and Africa
C．Asia, North America and Africa
D．North America, Africa and Europe
31．Where do you think the passage may come from
A．A storybook. B．A newspaper.
C．A travel book. D．A film guide.
China did the seventh national population census (人口普查) in 2020. It’s only done once every 10 years. It is important for helping the government make policies (政策). Let’s take a look at the research.
World’s largest population: The population on the mainland is about 1.4 billion. The country’s total population has been growing gradually and will stay above 1.4 billion for some time.
An aging (老龄化的) society: The country’s average (平均) age is 38.8 years old. Nearly 20% of the population are over 60, while the number of working-age people has dropped by over 40 million. This will cause problems. For example, there aren’t enough people to do all the jobs and there aren’t enough young people to look after the old ones.
More education: Nearly 220 million people have college degrees (学位). China has made great efforts to develop higher education in recent years, as well as make sure school-age kids go to school.
32．China did the seventh national population census in ______.
A．2000 B．2010 C．2020 D．2021
33．The annual population growth rate from 2010 to 2020 was ______ lower than that from 2000 to 2010.
A．0.04% B．0.05% C．0.06% D．0.07%
34．About ______ of the population are between 15 and 59 years old.
A．17.95% B．20% C．18.7% D．63.35%
35．China is facing the problem of ______. It may cause a shortage (短缺) of young people.
A．making policies B．an aging society C．college degrees D．more education
India has a population of about 1.28 billion. Its population is the second largest in the world. China has the largest population of over 1.36 billion. One out of six people on this planet live in India. Although the crown (王冠) of the world's most populous country is on China's head for ten years, India will take the position by 2030. With the population growth rate (率) at 1.58%, India will have more than 1.53 billion people by the end of 2030.
Now more than 50% of India's population is below the age of 25 and over 65% below the age of 35. About 72.2% of the population lives in some 638, 000 villages.
Some of the reasons for India's quickly growing population are poverty, illiteracy (文盲), decrease in death rates and immigration (移民) from Bangladesh and Nepal. India started taking measures to stop the growth rate quite early. India had the "National Family Planning Program" in 1952. It became the first country in the world to have a population policy. However, it failed to reach the final goal (目标).
36．The population of India is about ________ now.
A．1.58 billion B．1.53 billion C．1.36 billion D．1.28 billion
37．The underlined word "position" means "________" in Chinese.
A．麻烦 B．现象 C．位置 D．考验
38．Over 65% of India's population is below the age of ________.
A．25 B．35 C．45 D．55
39．________ is not the reason for India's quickly growing population.
A．Poverty B．Illiteracy C．Increase in death rates D．Immigration
40．Which of the following is TRUE
A．India's population growth rate is 1.58%.
B．One out of seven people on the earth live in India.
C．About 72.2% of India's population lives in the city.
D．In 1953, India started the "National Family Planning Program".
三、任务型阅读
根据短文内容完成表格，每空一词。
In the past, man did not think about the protection of the environment. Today, the world has become too crowded. We are using up our natural resources (资源) too quickly, and at the same time we are polluting our environment with dangerous chemicals (化学制品). Everyone realizes today that if too many fish are taken from the sea, there will soon be none left. Yet, with modern fishing methods, more and more fish are caught. We know that if too many trees are cut down, forests will disappear and nothing will grow on the land. Yet, we continue to use bigger and more powerful (强大的) machines to cut down more and more trees. We know that if the population of the world continues to rise at the present rate (速度), in a few years, there will not be enough food. What can we do to solve these problems
If we eat more vegetables and less meat, we will easily get more food. Land that is used to grow crops (作物) can feed five times more people than land where animals are kept. The world population will not rise so quickly if people use modern methods of birth control. Finally, if we educate (教育) people to think about the problems, we shall have a better and cleaner living place in the future.
The Importance of 41 the Environment
Problems people are making Catching more 42 , cutting down more trees...
Ways to 43 these problems Eating more vegetables and less meat, using modern methods of birth control and 44 people to consider (考虑) the problems.
Aim Having a better and cleaner place to 45 in the future.
How much do you know about Chicago in the United States You might think it’s a big city. It is true! Chicago is actually the third most populous(人口众多的) city in the US, with the population of 2,700,000. Its other famous name is “The Windy City”. It is for good reason. The city lies right next to Lake Michigan and heavy winds blow through the city.
Chicago is well known for its art and culture. In order to know the art and culture, you must pay a visit to the Art College of Chicago. It is not only a school, but also a world-class art museum.
If you don’t want to visit a museum, you can take some special photos. Then your best choice is to take photos at the Cloud Gate. Chicago has lots of fun things to do. If you enjoy heights, visit the famous Willis Tower! You can go up to the top of it and walk onto a glass box. You’ll be standing over the city, but don’t worry—it’s completely safe. Doesn’t Chicago sound like a fun city
根据短文内容完成表格，每空一词。
The Introduction of Chicago
How large the population is The 46 most populous city in the US, with the population of 2,700,000.
Why it is called “The Windy City” Because winds blow through the city 47 .
Which place shows art and culture best Art College of Chicago is not only a school, but also a world-class art 48 .
Where you can take some special photos If you don’t feel like 49 a museum, please take photos at the Cloud Gate.
What fun things you can do 50 up to the top of Willis Tower and walking onto a glass box.
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参考答案：
1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．D 7．D 8．B 9．B 10．C
【分析】本文介绍了世界人口增长得越来越快。联合国决定在1987年7月11日庆祝“50亿日”，在1999年10月12日庆祝“60亿日”。如果人口继续这样增长，到2026年世界人口将达到80亿。
1．句意：在下一个小时，又有15000多个婴儿将会出生。
A. pupils学生，B. boys 男孩，C. girls 女孩，D. babies婴儿。根据will be born此处表示将要出生的，应是婴儿，故选D。
2．句意：一个小时接着一个小时的继续下去。
A. goes去，B. lives居住，C. jumps跳，D. gets得到。根据hour after hour可知，一个小时接着一个小时的，这是表示继续下去，故选A。
3．句意：在一天之内，人们必须再多生产供37多万张嘴吃的食物。
A. describe描述，B. produce生产，C. feed喂养，D. change改变。根据宾语food此处表示生产食物，故选B。
4．句意：在中国和印度等许多国家，人口增长是一个大问题。
A. cities城市，B. villages村庄，C. countries国家，D. universities大学。根据such as China
and India可知，表示在中国和印度，这指的是国家，故选C。
5．句意：世界的人口增长得越来越快。
A. growing生长， B. falling降落，C. working 工作，D. beating敲打。与形容词faster and faster连用，用系动词grow，故选A。
6．句意：在1927年，过了123年人口才达到20亿，但是在1960年，只用了33年就达到了30亿。
A. about 关于，B. of……的，C. with 和……一起，D. before在……之前。根据句型It was+时间段+before+从句，表示“过了多久…….”，故选D。
7．句意：在1927年，过了123年人口才达到20亿，但是在1960年，只用了33年就达到了30亿。
A. cost花费，B. spent 花费，C. paid 支付，D. took拿走。根据句型It took time to do sth“做某事花费时间”，故选D。
8．句意：此后，世界人口在1974年达到40亿，1987年达到50亿，1999年达到60亿。
A. four四，B. five五，C. six六，D. seven七，根据后文的and six billion in 1999此处表示在六亿之前，应是五亿，故选B。
9．句意：联合国决定在1987年7月11日庆祝“50亿日”，在1999年10月12日庆祝“60亿日”。
A. miss想念，B. celebrate庆祝，C. protect保护，D. push推。根据宾语“Day of 5 Billion”此处表示庆祝“50亿日”，故选B。
10．句意：如果人口继续这样增长，到2026年世界人口将达到80亿。
A. But但是，B. Or或者，C. If如果，D. Till直到。If引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，故选C。
【点睛】根据前后文的语境，认真辨析选项里的单词或短语的词义，结合词性，短语，句型，时态，语态和主谓一致，选出正确的选项。例如小题4，句意：在中国和印度等许多国家，人口增长是一个大问题。A. cities城市，B. villages村庄，C. countries国家，D. universities大学。根据such as China and India可知，表示在中国和印度，这指的是国家，故选C。
11．B 12．D 13．B 14．C 15．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了人口的不断增长，以及人口的增长和资源的问题。
11．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In Macao, 60,000 people live in every square mile!”可知，在澳门，每平方英里有6万人居住，可以看出澳门太拥挤了。故选B。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“That’s in part because in each generation (代) there are more people who then have children than in the last generation.”可知，人口增长迅速的部分原因是每一代人都有比上一代更多的人有孩子。故选D。
13．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In 1920s, the world’s population was under 2.5 billion (十亿).”可知，100年前世界人口大约为25亿。故选B。
14．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“But everyone agrees that the more people there are, the more resources (资源) the world needs to feed, house and take care of all of them, and the more need there is to think carefully about how we live and use the earth’s resources.”可知，人口越多，世界需要养活、容纳和照顾所有人的资源就越多，就越需要仔细思考我们如何生活和使用地球资源，即需要考虑我们的生活方式。故选C。
15．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Some people worry about that! But there is a lot of disagreement about just how many people on the earth equals (相当于) too many people.”可知，关于地球上有多少人和太多人的观点存在分歧，所以可推知，作者不确定世界上能养活的最大人口是多少。故选D。
16．A 17．D 18．A 19．B 20．B
【导语】本文介绍了一些风景名胜所属的国家和洲以及这些国家的首都、国土面积和人口数量。
16．细节理解题。根据表格第一、二行可知，图片“长城”对应的国家为中国，所以如果你想要去参观长城，应该去中国。故选A。
17．推理判断题。根据表格倒数第二行可知，俄罗斯对应的国土面积为17, 075, 200平方公里，这个数字比其他三个数字都大，所以俄罗斯的面积是四个国家中第一大的。故选D。
18．推理判断题。根据表格最后一行可知，中国人口数量为13.19亿，美国的人口数量为3.01亿，由此可知中国的人口比美国多10.18亿。故选A。
19．细节理解题。根据表格第二行可知，图片“自由女神像”对应的国家为美国。故选B。
20．细节理解题。根据表格第三行可知，图片“长城”和“富士山”都对应亚洲，所以这两个风景名胜都在亚洲。故选B。
21．C 22．C 23．A 24．B 25．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了我国在不同时期有不同的人口政策，并介绍了关于我国人口的一些信息。
21．推理判断题。根据出生率可知，在2016年，每1000人出生率是12.95，所以一个10万人口的小镇会有1295个婴儿出生。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据“In early 2016, we stopped the one- child policy and carried out the two- child policy.”可知2016年初，我们停止了独生子女政策，实施了二胎政策。故选C。
23．细节理解题。根据增长率可知，2017年的增长率是0.532%。故选A。
24．细节理解题。根据“Number of births”的柱状图可知从2015年到2017年二孩出生人数是上升的。故选B。
25．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了我国在不同时期有不同的人口政策，并介绍了关于我国人口的一些信息，故文章可能来自关于人口的报纸。故选C。
26．D 27．B 28．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了印度的人口增长，及其带来的好处与坏处。
26．细节理解题。根据“Nearly half of the country’s population is under the age of 25.”可知，该国近一半的人口年龄在25岁以下，因此选项A“印度最近步入了老龄化社会”表述错误；根据“According to the United Nations, later this year, India’s population will surpass China’s. With 1, 428 billion people, it will be the most populous country in the world.”可知，这一句提到了今年晚些时候，印度的人口将超过中国，将成为世界上人口最多的国家。选项B“印度去年成为人口最多的国家”描述错误；根据“Giving better education is actually one of the best ways to control population.”可知，提供更好的教育实际上是控制人口的最佳方法之一，因此选项C“印度没有必要控制人口”表述错误。故选D。
27．推理判断题。根据“Many of them have become CEOs of top companies in the world. They can help develop their home country.”可知，设空处应该提到成长带来的好处同时也带来一些不利影响。故选B。
28．标题归纳题。通读全文，文章主要讲述了印度的人口增长以及导致人口增长的因素，及其带来的好处与坏处。所以最佳标题是选项D“印度人口增长的原因是什么？”。故选D。
29．C 30．C 31．B
【导语】本文是一个关于人口情况的调查。
29．细节理解题。根据图表一可知在上述人口中，61%是亚洲人。故选C。
30．细节理解题。根据图表二可知人口的高增长率对亚洲、北美和非洲来说可能是一个大问题。故选C。
31．推理判断题。文章是一个关于人口情况的调 查，可知可能来自报纸。故选B。
32．C 33．A 34．D 35．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国第七次全国人口普查的调查结果。
32．细节理解题。根据“China did the seventh national population census (人口普查) in 2020.”可知，2020年，中国进行了第七次全国人口普查。故选C。
33．细节理解题。根据饼状图可知，2010-2020的年人口增长率为0.53%，2000-2010的年人口增长率为0.57%，因此2010-2020的年人口增长率比2000-2010的年人口增长率低0.04%。故选A。
34．细节理解题。根据条形图中“Age:15-59 63.35%”可知，大约有63.35%的人口在15-59岁之间。故选D。
35．细节理解题。根据“An aging (老龄化的) society:...This will cause problems. For example, there aren’t enough people to do all the jobs and there aren’t enough young people to look after the old ones.”可知，中国正面临着老龄化社会的问题。故选B。
36．D 37．C 38．B 39．C 40．A
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了印度的人口增长的很快，其原因是贫穷、无知、死亡率的减少及移民的情况等造成的，现在印度已经采取了措施来阻止人口的增长。
36．细节理解题。根据第一段“India has a population of about 1.28 billion.”可知，印度大约有12.8亿人。故选D。
37．词句猜测题。根据第一段“Although the crown (王冠) of the world's most populous country is on China's head for ten years,”可推测出，后句应是到2030年，印度将占据这一位置，故下划线单词“position”应是“位置”。故选C。
38．细节理解题。根据第二段“Now more than 50% of India's population is below the age of 25 and over 65% below the age of 35.”可知，印度65%以上的人口年龄在35岁以下。故选B。
39．细节理解题。根据第三段“Some of the reasons for India's quickly growing population are poverty, illiteracy (文盲), decrease in death rates and immigration (移民) from Bangladesh and Nepal.”可知，死亡率的增加并不是印度人口迅速增长的原因。故选C。
40．细节理解题。根据第一段“With the population growth rate (率) at 1.58%, India will have more than 1.53 billion people by the end of 2030.”可知，印度的人口增长率是1.58%。故选A。
41．Protecting 42．fish 43．solve 44．educating 45．live
【导语】本文主要讲述了现在环境污染严重，资源消耗过快，我们应该采取措施来解决这些问题。
41．根据第一段“In the past, man did not think about the protection of the environment.”可知，过去人们没有想过保护环境，但是现在人们意识到了保护环境的重要性，动词protect“保护”符合语境，介词of后接动词-ing形式，且此空位于标题处，所以首字母要大写。故填Protecting。
42．根据第一段“Yet, with modern fishing methods, more and more fish are caught.”可知，随着现代捕鱼方法的发展，越来越多的鱼被捕获。结合表格中“Catching more...”可知，空格处应填fish“鱼”。故填fish。
43．根据表格中“Eating more vegetables and less meat, using modern methods of birth control...”可知，这是解决问题的方法，动词solve“解决”符合语境，空前的to是动词不定式符号，其后接动词原形。故填solve。
44．根据第二段“Finally, if we educate (教育) people to think about the problems, we shall have a better and cleaner living place in the future.”可知，如果教育人们思考这些问题，我们将来会有一个更好更干净的居住环境。因此，动词educate“教育”符合语境，and用于连接并列成分，and前的using是动词-ing形式，所以educate要变成educating。故填educating。
45．根据第二段“...we shall have a better and cleaner living place in the future”可知，我们的目标是有一个更好更干净的居住环境。结合表格中“Having a better and cleaner place to...in the future.”可知，空前的to是动词不定式符号，其后接动词原形，动词live“居住”符合语境。故填live。
46．third 47．heavily 48．museum 49．visiting 50．Going
【分析】本文主要介绍了芝加哥的相关信息，包括它的人口，出名的艺术和文化以及其它的名声古迹。
46．根据“Chicago is actually the third most populous(人口众多的) city in the US, with the population of 2,700,000”可知，芝加哥实际上是美国第三大人口城市，故填third，
47．根据“The city lies right next to Lake Michigan and heavy winds blow through the city.”可知，因为强风吹过城市，所以被称为“风之城”，此空修饰动词blow，要用副词heavily，故填heavily。
48．根据“In order to know the art and culture, you must pay a visit to the Art College of Chicago. It is not only a school, but also a world-class art museum”可知，它不仅是一所学校，也是世界一流的艺术博物馆，故填museum。
49．根据“If you don’t want to visit a museum, you can take some special photos”可知，如果不想参观博物馆，可以在这拍一些特殊的照片，want to do sth=feel like doing sth“想要做某事”，故填visiting。
50．根据“You can go up to the top of it and walk onto a glass box”可知，爬上威利斯大厦的顶端，走到一个玻璃盒子上，此空与walking构成并列关系，故此空也应填动词的ing形式，故填Going。
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