湖南省邵阳市绥宁县第一中学2022-2023学年高一下学期期末考试英语试卷
（2023高一下·绥宁期末）阅读理解Diary: Four must-visit design events of 2023
Get ready for an exciting year of design events in 2023! The events below are sure to inspire design enthusiasts.
Fuorisalone
Milan, Italy
Celebrating its 20th anniversary (纪念日) this year, the design festival makes a comeback with events across Milan's many creative towns. It will host events that push the limits of design -from city planning to multi-sensory (多感官的) architecture and more. This year, the fair will focus on its Future Lab theme, which reflects on how we imagine our future.
Venice Biennale of Architecture
Venice, Italy
Organized by Lesley Lokko, the 18th international Architecture Exhibition will open in May. Its subject, The Laboratory of the Future, explores the African continent as a leader of the future. As a workshop and laboratory, it invites architects to draw out examples from their modern-day practices and imagine what the future can hold.
London Design Festival
London, UK
Promoting London as a leading creative capital of the world, London Design Festival continues to play a key role in positioning the city as a global destination for culture. Having celebrated its 20th anniversary last year with transformative workshops, networking events and contemporary (当代的) design, all eyes are on the show to see what's next.
Southern Sweden Design Days
Malm , Sweden
Arranged by Design Center, the main spot for architecture and design in southern Sweden, Southern Sweden Design Days is a new player on the scene. Held yearly, it builds a platform that exhibits a full range of design disciplines (学科) through exhibitions, workshops and events.
1．What do Fuorisalone and Venice Biennale of Architecture have in common
A．Both are located in the same city.
B．Both exhibit modern-day designs.
C．Both focus on exploring the future.
D．Both regard Africa as future leaders.
2．Who is most likely to attend the London Design Festival
A．A fashion designer of traditional styles.
B．A composer preparing for a live show.
C．A college student majoring in computer.
D．A design enthusiast with an interest in culture.
3．Which event has the longest history
A．Fuorisalone.
B．Venice Biennale of Architecture.
C．London Design Festival.
D．Southern Sweden Design Days.
【答案】1．C
2．D
3．C
【知识点】旅游观光类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，主要讲的是2023年必去的四个设计活动。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题一种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。
1．细节理解题。根据Fuorisalone部分的"This year, the fair will focus on its Future Lab theme, which reflects on how we imagine our future.(今年，展会将聚焦于未来实验室的主题，即我们如何想象我们的未来。)"和Venice Biennale of Architecture部分的"Organized by Lesley Lokko, the 18th international Architecture Exhibition will open in May. Its subject, The Laboratory of the Future, explores the African continent as a leader of the future.(由Lesley Lokko主办的第18届国际建筑展将于5月开幕。它的主题是"未来的实验室"，探索非洲大陆作为未来的领导者。)"可知，Fuorisalone和Venice Biennale of Architecture的共同点是两者都专注于探索未来，故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据London Design Festival部分的"Promoting London as a leading creative capital of the world, London Design Festival continues to play a key role in positioning the city as a global destination for culture.(London Design Festival推动伦敦成为世界领先的创意之都，继续在将伦敦定位为全球文化目的地方面发挥关键作用。)"可知，对文化有兴趣的设计爱好者最有可能参加London Design Festival，故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据Fuorisalone部分的"Celebrating its 20th anniversary (纪念日) this year(今年是设计节成立20周年)"，Venice Biennale of Architecture部分的"the 18th international Architecture Exhibition will open in May(第18届国际建筑展将于5月开幕)"，London Design Festival部分的"Having celebrated its 20th anniversary last year(去年刚刚庆祝了20周年)"和Southern Sweden Design Days部分的"Southern Sweden Design Days is a new player on the scene(Southern Sweden Design Days是一个新的参与者)"可知，历史最长的是London Design Festival。故选C。
（2023高一下·绥宁期末） 阅读理解Every day as the sun rises, Ma Hongyi, a 66-year-old farmer, can be seen patrolling (巡逻) Yuncheng Salt Lake with his dog in Yuncheng city, North China's Shanxi province.
Ma still remembers the day when he first saw two big pink birds wandering through the water. "I had never seen such pretty birds. They were even taller than me, with long wings," Ma recalls. He was later informed that birds were flamingos, a rare sight in China, which were listed on the International Union for Protection of Nature's red list of endangered species in 2013. From that day on, Ma started his second career as a volunteer to prevent human beings frominterfering with the wildlife. "The birds are attracted by the good environment," Ma says. "I will do my best to protect the lake so that birds can come here every year."
Yuncheng Salt Lake covers an area of 132 square kilometers and used to serve as a salt production base. As the country began attaching greater importance to environmental protection, an ecological (生态的) protection and development center was set up in 2012 to carry out regular ecological protection and restoration (修复) of the lake. "The greatest value of the Salt Lake lies in its ecology, which should be properly restored and protected," says Chu Xianghao, mayor of the city. The lake area hosts 292 types of wild animals, along with 782 plant varieties, some of which are newly recorded species in the country.
After patrolling the lake as volunteer for over four years, Ma was employed by the local government to help with wildlife protection in 2019. "The lake's ecology is getting better," Ma says, adding that he looks forward to the arrival of the flamingos every year. "Some of them are my old friends", he says.
4．Why does Ma patrol Yuncheng Salt Lake every day
A．To serve as a keeper of the lake.
B．To observe the rare flamingos closely.
C．To admire the scenery around the lake.
D．To come across the flamingos again.
5．What does the underlined phrase "interfering with" in para 2 probably mean
A．bringing benefits to B．losing control of
C．sharing space with D．causing problems to
6．What can be inferred about Yuncheng Salt Lake from para 3
A．It is still used as a salt production base.
B．The restoration of it will be carried out soon.
C．It's home to 292 types of endangered wildlife.
D．The protection of its ecology is of great importance.
7．Which word can best describe Ma
A．Ambitious. B．Responsible. C．Generous. D．Humorous.
【答案】4．A
5．D
6．D
7．B
【知识点】说明文；环境保护类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了运城盐湖的看守人马红义看守盐湖四年，每天巡逻，保护这里的环境和动物。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题、推理判断题和词义猜测题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做判断推理题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。词义猜测题的解题方法包括利用指代关系、定义、定语、文章中的举例、比较的词语、构词法知识、上下文语境、因果关系来推测词义。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段"Every day as the sun rises, Ma Hongyi, a 66-year-old farmer, can be seen patrolling (巡逻) Yuncheng Salt Lake with his dog in Yuncheng city, North China's Shanxi province.(每天太阳升起的时候，在中国北部山西省运城，66岁的农民马红义就会带着他的狗在运城盐湖巡逻)"可知，马红义每天都在运城盐湖巡逻是因为他是湖泊的看守人。故选A。
5．词句猜测题。根据第二段""The birds are attracted by the good environment," Ma says. "I will do my best to protect the lake so that birds can come here every year."(马说："这些鸟被良好的环境所吸引。我会尽我最大的努力保护这个湖，这样鸟儿每年都能来这里。")"以及划线词上文"Ma started his second career as a volunteer to prevent human beings from"可知，马红义说鸟要来这里，所以他要阻止人类给这里的动物造成问题，故划线词意思是"给……造成问题"。故选D。
6．推理判断题。根据第三段""The greatest value of the Salt Lake lies in its ecology, which should be properly restored and protected," says Chu Xianghao, mayor of the city. The lake area hosts 292 types of wild animals, along with 782 plant varieties, some of which are newly recorded species in the country.("盐湖最大的价值在于它的生态，应该得到适当的恢复和保护，"该市市长褚祥浩说。湖区有292种野生动物，782种植物，其中一些是国内新记录的物种)"可推知，保护运城盐湖的生态是非常重要的。故选D。
7．推理判断题。根据第一段"Every day as the sun rises, Ma Hongyi, a 66-year-old farmer, can be seen patrolling (巡逻) Yuncheng Salt Lake with his dog in Yuncheng city, North China's Shanxi province.(每天太阳升起的时候，在中国北部山西省运城，66岁的农民马红义就会带着他的狗在运城盐湖巡逻)"以及最后一段"After patrolling the lake as volunteer for over four years, Ma was employed by the local government to help with wildlife protection in 2019.(作为志愿者在湖上巡逻了四年多后，马于2019年被当地政府雇用，帮助保护野生动物)"可推知，马红义是个负责的人。故选B。
（2023高一下·绥宁期末） 阅读理解It's a typical day at school. You're playing soccer with your friends. One of them kicks you the ball and you run for it. You trip. You fly through the air. You land—hard, right on your face! The next moment, you're in the nurse's office. Your bleeding nose is being checked by laser sensors (激光传感器) that coming out of a...robot Has the nurse's office been taken over by sci-fi aliens (外星人) from outer space
No. You've just been pushed forward 15 years into the future. And it's a future that Susan Epstein, a computer science professor who teaches artificial intelligence, is really excited to think about. "I am crazy about this kind of thing! You could go up to the robot, put your nose in, and the machine would decide whether you needed to be treated, and how."
Aside from being cool, an AI nurse has other advantages. It doesn't need to take vacations. It doesn't need to get paid a salary. And it might figure out what's wrong with your nose faster than a human would. There are all kinds of ways that AI could be used to help make us healthier and researchers are studying how to use AI to diagnose (诊断) lung disease, cancer, and more.
Our robot nurse isn't meant to completely take the place of humans, though. "It would work with real, live nurses and doctors," says Epstein, "there are things humans are good at, like building trust among members of our own species or comforting someone who's hurt or sick. A big part of medicine is the relationship between a doctor and a patient."
Epstein points out that AI programs will never be perfect—no matter how much we might want them to be. But if AI can diagnose a deadly disease more precisely even 10 percent of the time, think of how many lives it could save. "Besides", says Epstein, "I think there are probably patients who might prefer to have a machine for a doctor!" Would you
8．What's the function of para 1
A．To introduce a scientific study.
B．To lead to the topic of the text.
C．To describe an experience of the writer.
D．To give an example to support an argument.
9．What can be inferred from Epstein's words in para 4
A．Humans are better at treating patients than AI doctors.
B．AI doctors alone can cure patients of most of the diseases.
C．Patients' trust in doctors may affect their treatments positively.
D．Patients may receive as much comfort from AI doctors as from humans.
10．What is true about AI doctors and nurses according to the text
A．They are better at trust-building.
B．They will take over humans.
C．Their biggest strength is being cool.
D．They are life-saving if properly used.
11．What's Epstein's attitude towards AI doctors and nurses!
A．Negative. B．Favorable. C．Doubtful. D．Unclear.
【答案】8．B
9．C
10．D
11．B
【知识点】说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是未来的机器人护士和医生的优点。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题和推理判断题两种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做判断推理题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。
8．推理判断题。根据第一段的"You fly through the air. You land—hard, right on your face! The next moment, you're in the nurse's office. Your bleeding nose is being checked by laser sensors (激光传感器) that coming out of a. . robot Has the nurse's office been taken over by sci-fi aliens (外星人) from outer space (你在空中飞翔。你着地，迎面着地！下一秒，你就在护士办公室了。你流血的鼻子正在接受激光传感器的检查。机器人吗？护士办公室是不是被来自外太空的科幻外星人占领了？)"和第二段的"No. You've just been pushed forward 15 years into the future. And it's a future that Susan Epstein, a computer science professor who teaches artificial intelligence, is really excited to think about. "I am crazy about this kind of thing! You could go up to the robot, put your nose in, and the machine would decide whether you needed to be treated, and how."(不。你被推到了15年后的未来。这是一个让教授人工智能的计算机科学教授Susan Epstein非常兴奋的未来。"我对这种事很着迷！你可以走到机器人面前，把鼻子伸进去，机器就会决定你是否需要治疗，以及如何治疗。")"可知，第一段引出文章的主题，即未来的机器人护士，故选B。
9．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的""It would work with real, live nurses and doctors," says Epstein, "there are things humans are good at, like building trust among members of our own species or comforting someone who's hurt or sick. A big part of medicine is the relationship between a doctor and a patient."(Epstein说:"它将与真实的护士和医生一起工作，人类擅长的事情有很多，比如在我们自己的物种成员之间建立信任，或者安慰受伤或生病的人。医学的很大一部分是医患关系。")"可知，患者对医生的信任可能会对他们的治疗产生积极的影响，故选C。
10．细节理解题。根据最后一段的"But if AI can diagnose a deadly disease more precisely even 10 percent of the time, think of how many lives it could save.(但如果人工智能能够更准确地诊断出一种致命疾病，哪怕只有10%的准确率，想想它能拯救多少生命吧)"可知，如果使用得当，人工智能医生和护士可以挽救生命，故选D。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段的"But if AI can diagnose a deadly disease more precisely even 10 percent of the time, think of how many lives it could save. "Besides", says Epstein, "I think there are probably patients who might prefer to have a machine for a doctor!" Would you (但如果人工智能能够更准确地诊断出一种致命疾病，哪怕只有10%的准确率，想想它能拯救多少生命吧。"此外，"Epstein说，"我认为可能有些病人更愿意让医生用机器！你会吗"？)"可知，Epstein对人工智能医生和护士的态度是赞许的。故选B。
（2023高一下·绥宁期末） 阅读理解Yellow flower carpeted fields are a sure sign of summer. In Denmark alone, more than 200,000 hectares of rapeseed (油菜籽) are planted every year. But until now, the plant has only been used for oil and animal feed, as it is both bitter and unsafe as a direct food source for humans.
To protect themselves, the rapeseed plants produce a group of substances (物质) called glucosinolates(硫苷), which give the plants a strong and bitter taste that scares off insects and disease. As a result rapeseed is unhealthy to eat and the rapeseed cake, which is the remains of the seeds after the oil has been squeezed out, has only been used in limited quantities as feed for pigs and chickens, despite its 30—40 per cent protein content.
Now, researchers from the University of Copenhagen have discovered the three proteins that help to store the bitter substances in seeds of thale cress (阿拉伯芥), a plant closely related to the rapeseed. The new discovery makes it possible to prevent the accumulation (积聚) of these substances in the seed by removing the proteins through "transport engineering" technology. In doing so, the defensive substances remain in all other parts of the plant, allowing it to continue to defend itself.
So far, the researchers have shown that their method works in thale cress. "The next task is to apply our method to the closely related rapeseed plant, which we are now working on," says Professor Halkier, leader of the research.
"Half of plant proteins in the EU come from rapeseed plants. The climate crisis demands that we reduce meat consumption and eat more plants, which is where rapeseed has great potential as a new source of plant protein. Our latest research results bring us a step closer to making full use of rapeseed," says Professor Halkier.
12．What is the function of Paragraph 2
A．To state the reason. B．To offer the solution.
C．To give an example. D．To introduce the topic.
13．According to the research, how did scientists rid thale cress of its bitter taste
A．By selecting better seeds.
B．By removing the three proteins.
C．By increasing sweet tastes.
D．By storing defensive substances.
14．What do Halkier's words in last paragraph focus on
A．Researchers' efforts to better the taster.
B．Researchers' progress in their experiment.
C．Rapeseed's role in relieving climate crisis.
D．Rapeseed's potential as a new protein source.
15．Which of the following is a suitable title for this text
A．Harmful Proteins Discovered in Rapeseed
B．Rapeseed Widely Used as Oil and Animal Food
C．Researchers Closer to Making Rapeseed Safe Food
D．New Plant Proteins in Rapeseed Finally Uncovered
【答案】12．A
13．B
14．D
15．C
【知识点】说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍研究发现移除三种蛋白质，油菜籽有可能变得可以食用，并有成为植物蛋白新来源的巨大潜力。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题、推理判断题和主旨大意题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做判断推理题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
12．推理判断题。根据第二段的"To protect themselves, the rapeseed plants produce a group of substances (物质) called glucosinolates (硫苷), which give the plants a strong and bitter taste that scares off insects and disease. As a result rapeseed is unhealthy to eat (为了保护自己，油菜籽会产生一种叫做硫代葡萄糖苷(苷)的物质，这种物质会给油菜籽带来一种强烈而苦涩的味道，可以吓跑昆虫和疾病。因此，食用油菜籽是不健康的)"推知，第二段的目的是陈述食用油菜籽不安全的原因。故选A。
13．细节理解题。根据第三段的"Now, researchers from the University of Copenhagen have discovered the three proteins that help to store the bitter substances in seeds of thale cress (阿拉伯芥), a plant closely related to the rapeseed. The new knowledge makes it possible to prevent the accumulation (积聚) of these substances in the seed by removing the proteins through "transport engineering" technology. (现在，哥本哈根大学的研究人员已经发现了三种蛋白质，它们有助于在芥蓝(一种与油菜籽密切相关的植物)的种子中储存苦味物质。新知识使得通过"运输工程"技术去除蛋白质来防止这些物质在种子中的积累成为可能)"可知，科学家们通过移除芥蓝中的三种蛋白质来去除芥蓝籽的苦味。故选B。
14．细节理解题。根据最后一段"Half of plant proteins in the EU come from rapeseed. The climate crisis demands that we reduce meat consumption and eat more plants, which is where rapeseed has great potential as a new source of plant protein. Our latest research results bring us a step closer to making full use of rapeseed (欧盟一半的植物蛋白来自油菜籽。气候危机要求我们减少肉类消费，多吃植物，这就是油菜籽作为植物蛋白新来源的巨大潜力。我们最新的研究成果使我们离充分利用油菜籽又近了一步)"可知，Halkier的话集中在油菜作为一种新蛋白质来源的潜力上。故选D。
15．主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合倒数第二段"So far, the researchers have shown that their method works in thale cress. "The next task is to apply our method to the closely related rapeseed plant, which we are now working on," says Professor Halkier, leader of the research. (到目前为止，研究人员已经证明他们的方法在芥蓝中有效。"下一个任务是将我们的方法应用到与之密切相关的油菜籽植物上，这是我们目前正在研究的，"该研究的负责人Halkier教授说)"和最后一段"Our latest research results bring us a step closer to making full use of rapeseed (我们最新的研究成果使我们离充分利用油菜籽又近了一步)"可知，文章主要介绍在芥蓝（一种与油菜籽密切相关的植物）上的研究表明，通过移除三种蛋白质油菜籽有可能变得可以食用，并有成为植物蛋白新来源的巨大潜力。C项"Researchers closer to making rapeseed safe food (研究人员更接近于制作油菜籽安全食品)"可以作为本文最佳标题。故选C。
（2023高一下·绥宁期末）七选五Time is precious for students especially during finals. Having good skills of time management becomes so important. But how can you manage your time
Get some sleep.
When things get rough, sleep often gets cut out of your schedule. The lab report has to be done by tomorrow morning, so... no sleep tonight, right Wrong. 16． Your brain will run slower, and you'll be super tired all the time. So even if it sounds strange, spare time to get quality sleep.
Prioritize (划分优先顺序) often.
Keep a running list of the major tasks that you're performing. Change it as often as necessary and refer to it when you feel worried about all the things you have to do. 17． You can't do so many all at once.
18．
Although you might try hard to plan every, detail of your routine, sometimes things just happen. You might get sick or your roommate loses your keys. Set aside as much time as you can each day for emergencies. That way, you needn't deal with the unexpected in a rush.
Schedule time to relax.
Finals can be surprisingly stressful, and you may not realize how much harm they do to you until they're over. Workload can sometimes be unbearable. Schedule some free time to make you mentally recharged. 19．
Ask for help when you need it.
Asking for help is pretty normal during leaning. It's rare to find a student who can make it through school life without any help. 20． There are lots of places that can give you a hand at the end of a term.
A. Get on well with roommates.
B. Leave extra time, just in case.
C. Thus, don't hesitate to seek help when necessary.
D. Feeling worried may help you accomplish nothing.
E. If you feel depressed, focus on the one at the top of the list.
F. Let your brain take a break so it can go back to work efficiently.
G. Not getting enough sleep can actually cost you more time in the long run.
【答案】16．G；17．E；18．B；19．F；20．C
【知识点】说明文；七选五；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本文为一篇说明文。时间对学生来说是宝贵的，尤其是在期末考试期间，文章主要介绍了时间管理的五个做法。
【点评】考查任务型阅读（七选五）。解题时，要求考生注意通读整篇文章，把握整段脉络，理出文章的中心，分析段落之间和段落内部的层次。选项与前后句之间的逻辑关系是确定答案的主要依据。可以从意思、关键词、关联词来分析段落之间以及段落内部的逻辑关系。
16．根据本段主题句"Get some sleep. (睡一会儿)"可知，本段与睡眠相关的时间管理，结合"When things get rough, sleep often gets cut out of your schedule. The lab report has to be done by tomorrow morning, so... no sleep tonight, right Wrong. (当事情变得糟糕时，睡眠通常会从你的日程中被剔除。化验报告必须在明天早上完成，所以……今晚没睡，对吧？错了)"推知，下文要解释为什么晚上不睡觉是错误的，G项"Not getting enough sleep can actually cost you more time in the long run. (从长远来看，睡眠不足实际上会花费你更多的时间)"符合题意，衔接自然。故选G。
17．本段主题句"Prioritize (划分优先顺序) often. (经常划分优先顺序)"，根据上文"Change it as often as necessary and refer to it when you feel worried about all the things you have to do. (如果有必要的话，可以经常修改它，当你为你必须要做的事情感到担忧时，可以参考它)"可知，在时间管理过程中，要学会将任务按优先级排序，并按情况适时调整，E项"If you feel depressed, focus on the one at the top of the list (如果你感到沮丧，把注意力集中在列表的顶部)"符合题意，句中的depressed与上文的worried呼应，E项是对上一句的进一步的解释，上下文衔接连贯，故选E。
18．根据下文"Although you might try hard to plan every detail of your routine, sometimes things just happen. You might get sick or your roommate loses your keys. Set aside as much time as you can each day for emergencies. That way, you needn't deal with the unexpected in a rush. (虽然你可能会努力计划你日常生活的每一个细节，但有时事情就是发生了。你可能会生病，或者你的室友弄丢了你的钥匙。每天尽可能多地留出时间来处理紧急情况。这样，你就不必匆忙处理意外情况)"，尤其是Set aside as much time as you can each day for emergencies可知，在时间管理过程中，要留出时间来处理紧急情况，B项"Leave extra time, just in case (留出额外的时间，以防万一)"，下文是对B项是解释，Set aside呼应B项中的Leave。故选B。
19．本段主题为"Schedule time to relax. (安排时间放松)"，上文"Schedule some free time to make you mentally recharged. (安排一些空闲时间，让你的精神充电)"可知，在时间管理过程中，要安排时间放松，F项"Let your brain take a break so it can go back to work efficiently (让你的大脑休息一下，这样它就能高效地回去工作)"承接上文，进一步阐述安排时间放松的意义。故选F。
20．本段主题"Ask for help when you need it.(在你需要帮助的时候寻求帮助)"，根据上文"Asking for help is pretty normal during learning. It's rare to find a student who can make it through school life without any help. (在学习过程中寻求帮助是很正常的。很难找到一个学生能在没有任何帮助的情况下度过学校生活)"可知， 在必要的时候要寻求帮助，C项"Thus, don't hesitate to seek help when necessary (因此，在必要的时候不要犹豫寻求帮助)"符合题意，seek help与Ask for help相呼应，when necessary与when you need it呼应，上文与C项为因果关系。故选C。
（2023高一下·绥宁期末） 完形填空My grandmother died when my mother was 11, so my mother never learned how to cook particularly well. Cooking skills aside, she's a (n) 21． nurturer (养育者) . Two years ago, she flew to care for me while I 22． from an operation. At my apartment, I handed her a grocery list of comfort foods, which included Campbell's Chicken Noodle Soup.
"I should make you some chicken noodle soup 23． ," she said.
"Mom, you have never made me chicken noodle soup in your life-except from a can (罐头). You did many 24． things for me, but there was no chicken noodle soup."
"Well, now I'm going to make you some soup," said my mother.
Then 25． my friend Kate, an amazing chef. I wrote that my mom was making some chicken noodle soup and asked her to send us a 26． .
Three hours and a dozen e-mails with Kate later, my mother had 27． made the chicken soup. It looked good. It was definitely chicken soup made with 28． .
All we needed was the noodles.
I watched as my mother 29． an entire bag of noodles into the soup when I got the e-mail from Kate. "Noodles, I forgot to say how many. It should be like …a cup."
We watched in 30． as the noodles soaked up (浸泡,吸收) all the soup . We tried to add more water, but it was too late. We stood in the kitchen, hurriedly spooning the 31． soup into our bowls.
"It's my fault!" said my mother, 32． .
But let me tell you, that one bowl of chicken noodle soup was 33． . We did not think about the soup-soaked noodles while we ate, nor did we think about the 34． of life. I was my mother's best dinner 35． , and she was my favorite chef.
21．A． extreme B． effective C． excellent D． economical
22．A． observed B． removed C． benefited D． recovered
23．A． aside B． instead C． otherwise D． nevertheless
24．A． sensitive B． wonderful C． rewarding D． generous
25．A． e-mailed B． texted C． called D． contacted
26．A． recipe B． message C． mail D． gift
27．A． instantly B． specially
C． appropriately D． successfully
28．A． appetite B． love C． value D． nutrient
29．A． mixed B． boiled C． emptied D． rolled
30．A． horror B． relief C． greed D． satisfaction
31．A． other B． boiling C． spare D． remaining
32．A． upset B． delighted C． angry D． relieved
33．A． ordinary B． delicious C． delicate D． salty
34．A． confusion B． depressions
C． imperfections D． beauty
35．A． cook B． guest C． critic D． partner
【答案】21．C；22．D；23．B；24．B；25．A；26．A；27．D；28．B；29．C；30．A；31．D；32．A；33．B；34．C；35．B
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了母亲在作者手术恢复的时候给作者煮鸡汤的故事。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先要通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺失的单词的含义，最后对选项进行对比分析，选出正确选项。完形填空的解题技巧如下。利用首句信息来推测语篇主旨；寻找提示信息，重视语境意义；识别语篇标志，理清逻辑关系；利用原词复现，寻找近义词语；利用背景知识来简化判断过程；注意习惯用语，熟记常见句型。
21．句意：撇开厨艺不说，她还是个很好的养育者。A. extreme极大的；B. effective有效的；C. excellent出色的；D. economical经济的。根据后文"she flew to care for me"可知，母亲是个好的养育者，在作者手术恢复时照顾作者。故选C。
22．句意：两年前，当我从手术中恢复时，她飞过来照顾我。A. observed观察；B. removed去除；C. benefited受益；D. recovered恢复。根据后文"from an operation"以及上文提到母亲来照顾作者，可知是从手术中恢复。故选D。
23．句意："我应该给你做点鸡汤面，"她说。A. aside在旁边；B. instead相反；C. otherwise否则；D. nevertheless然而。上文"At my apartment, I handed her a grocery list of comfort foods, which included Campbell's Chicken Noodle Soup.(在我的公寓里，我递给她一份食品购物清单，上面有金宝鸡肉面汤)"提到作者想要Campbell's Chicken Noodle Soup，而母亲提出要自己给作者做，而不是买。故选B。
24．句意："你为我做了很多好事，但是没有鸡汤面。"A. sensitive敏感的；B. wonderful极好的；C. rewarding有益的；D. generous慷慨的。根据后文"things for me, but there was no chicken noodle soup"中but表示转折，指妈妈做了很多好的事情，但是没有鸡汤面。故选B。
25．句意：于是我给我的朋友凯特发了封电子邮件，她是一位了不起的厨师。A. e-mailed发邮件；B. texted发信息；C. called打电话；D. contacted联系。根据后文"Three hours and a dozen e-mails"可知作者发电子邮件和朋友联系。故选A。
26．句意：我写信说我妈妈正在做一些鸡汤面，让她给我们发一份食谱。A. recipe菜单；B. message信息；C. mail邮件；D. gift礼物。根据上文"I wrote that my mom was making some chicken noodle soup and asked her to send us a"以及提到朋友是厨师，所以是发来食谱。故选A。
27．句意：三个小时后，我母亲和凯特发了十几封电子邮件，终于成功熬出了鸡汤。A. instantly立即；B. specially特别地；C. appropriately合适的；D. successfully成功地。根据后文"made the chicken soup. It looked good."可知，她们成功做出了鸡汤。故选D。
28．句意：这绝对是用爱做的鸡汤。A. appetite胃口；B. love爱；C. value价值；D. nutrient营养物。根据上文"It was definitely chicken soup made with"可知，母亲为作者做了鸡汤，所以是用爱做出的鸡汤。故选B。
29．句意：当我收到凯特的邮件时，我看着母亲把一整袋面条倒进汤里。A. mixed混合；B. boiled煮沸；C. emptied清空；D. rolled滚动。根据后文"Noodles, I forgot to say how many. It should be like... a cup.(面条，我忘了说有多少了。应该是……一把的量)"以及"as the noodles soaked up all the soup(面条吸收了所有的汤)"可知，母亲把面条放多了，都放进去了，empty表示"清空"符合语境。故选C。
30．句意：我们惊恐地看着面条把汤都喝光了。A. horror震惊；B. relief安慰；C. greed贪婪；D. satisfaction满足。根据后文"as the noodles soaked up all the soup(面条吸收了所有的汤)"以及"We tried to add more water, but it was too late.(我们试着加点水，但已经太晚了)"可知，面条吸收了汤，作者他们很惊慌。故选A。
31．句意：我们站在厨房里，赶紧把剩下的汤舀进碗里。A. other其他的；B. boiling煮沸的；C. spare备用的；D. remaining剩下的。根据上文"as the noodles soaked up all the soup(面条吸收了所有的汤)"可知是把剩下的汤舀进碗里。故选D。
32．句意："是我的错!"妈妈沮丧地说。A. upset沮丧的；B. delighted高兴的；C. angry生气的；D. relieved安慰的。根据上文""It's my fault!" said my mother"可知，妈妈很自责，沮丧地说是自己的错。故选A。
33．句意：但是让我告诉你，那碗鸡汤面很好吃。A. ordinary普通的；B. delicious美味的；C. delicate精致的；D. salty咸的。根据上文"But let me tell you, that one bowl of chicken noodle soup was"中but表示转折，说明鸡汤面很好吃。故选B。
34．句意：吃饭的时候，我们没有想到泡在汤里的面条，也没有想到生活的不完美。A. confusion困惑；B. depressions抑郁；C. imperfections不完美；D. beauty美丽。根据上文"the soup-soaked noodles while we ate, nor did we think about the"可知，泡在汤里的面条是生活不完美的体现。故选C。
35．句意：我是妈妈最好的晚餐客人，她是我最喜欢的厨师。A. cook厨师；B. guest客人；C. critic批评家；D. partner伙伴。根据后文"and she was my favorite chef"可知，妈妈成了作者的厨师，而作者是妈妈的晚餐客人。故选B。
（2023高一下·绥宁期末） 短文填空The Amazon rainforest is home to a great 36． (various) of plant life; however, its soil is 37． (surprise) poor in nutrients. In fact, the soil in the region cannot support agriculture for more than a few years. If a scientist is shown a report 38． (list) the nutrients of that soil, he or she will probably think that only desert plants can survive in it! Then why is the soil so poor in nutrients For one thing, the rainy season has 39． impact on the soil. In this season, the water level can rise to more than 12 meters. 40． the water goes away, it takes away the nutrients in the soil. For another thing, due to the Amazon's hot climate, it is difficult for the soil 41． (build) enough nutrients. Dead plants and animals 42． (break) down more quickly. The nutrients are soon taken 43． by the roots of the plants deep beneath the ground. As a result, most of the forest's nutrients are locked up in the plants 44． (them) , thus allowing them to grow at a(n) 45． (believe) speed.
【答案】36．variety；37．surprisingly；38．listing；39．an；40．when；41．to build；42．are broken；43．in；44．themselves；45．unbelievable
【知识点】说明文；自然地理类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了尽管亚马孙雨林拥有丰富的植物生命，但其土壤却贫瘠，几乎不能支持农业，文中分析了土壤贫瘠的原因。
【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及名词，动词，冠词，代词，介词，副词，谓语动词时态和语态，非谓语动词以及时间状语从句等多个知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．句意：亚马孙雨林是各种植物的家园；然而，它的土壤却出奇地缺乏营养。此处为固定短语a variety of"各种各样的"，满足句意要求，故填variety。
37．句意：亚马孙雨林是各种植物的家园；然而，它的土壤却出奇地缺乏营养。副词作状语修饰形容词poor，词义为"出乎意料地"，即surprisingly，故填surprisingly。
38．句意：如果给科学家看一份列出土壤营养成分的报告，他或她可能会认为只有沙漠植物才能在那里生存！分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰report，report和list为主动关系，所以使用现在分词形式，故填listing。
39．句意：一方面，雨季对土壤有影响。此处为固定短语have an impact on"对……产生影响"，满足句意要求。故填an。
40．句意：当水分流失时，它带走了土壤中的养分。分析句子可知，此处应为从属连词引导时间状语从句，需要的词义为"当……时候"，则使用when引导从句，空格位于句首，故填When。
41．句意：另一方面，由于亚马逊的炎热气候，土壤很难形成足够的养分。分析句子可知，此处为固定句型"It is+形容词+for...+to do"表示"对于……做某事是怎样的"，则空格处使用动词不定式形式作真正的主语，故填to build。
42．句意：死去的植物和动物被分解得更快。分析句子可知，此处应使用谓语动词，主语"Dead plants and animals"和动词短语"break down"为被动关系，结合上下文的一般现在时可知，此处使用一般现在时的被动语态结构，主语为复数意义，故填are broken。
43．句意：这些营养物质很快就会被深埋在地下的植物根部吸收。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语take in"吸收"，满足句意要求，故填in。
44．句意：结果，森林里的大部分营养物质都被植物锁在里面，从而使它们以令人难以置信的速度生长。根据句意可知，此处为反身代词themselves"它们自己"，作为plants的同位语，plants themselves意为"植物本身"，满足句意要求，故填themselves。
45．句意：结果，森林里的大部分营养物质都被植物锁在里面，从而使它们以令人难以置信的速度生长。根据句意的需要可知，此处为believable的反义形容词unbelievable"令人难以置信的"作定语修饰speed，满足句意要求，故填unbelievable。
46．（2023高一下·绥宁期末）假定你是李华，你的留学生朋友David对中国国画非常感兴趣。你校国画社团正在招募新的成员，请写信邀请他加入。内容包括：
1. 写信目的；
2. 社团活动；
3. 期待加入。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【答案】Dear David,
Learning that you are interested in Chinese paintings, I'm writing to invite you to join the Chinese painting club in our school. (写信目的)
Various activities are organized for its members. (总起句) First, the club holds theme lectures by masters, which equip us with relevant painting skills. (社团活动1) Also, it offers visits to galleries to appreciate some masterpieces, helping us gain a deeper insight into the Chinese paintings and the stories behind. (社团活动2) If interested, you can visit our school website and sign up online before May 4th. (报名方式)
I believe you will benefit a lot there. (再次邀请) Looking forward to your joining. (期待回复)
【知识点】文字式应用文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇运用文写作，要求考生以李华的身份写一封英文信邀请David加入校国画社团。写作背景：李华的留学生朋友David对中国国画非常感兴趣，李华校国画社团正在招募新的成员。内容包括：1. 写信目的；2. 社团活动；3. 期待加入。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使作文显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇书面表达表达上要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用了一定数量的句式结构，让句子表达更加生动传神，同时使用了较多的高级词汇和固定短语，提高了文章的档次，体现了对英语书面表达熟练的驾驭能力。例如：Learning that you are interested in Chinese paintings, I'm writing to invite you to join the Chinese painting club in our school.（运用了现在分词作状语）；First, the club
holds theme lectures by masters, which equip us with relevant painting skills.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）；Also, it offers visits to galleries to appreciate some masterpieces,
helping us gain a deeper insight into the Chinese paintings and the stories behind.（运用了现在分词短语作状语）； If interested, you can visit our school website and sign up online before
May 4th.（运用了省略句）； I believe you will benefit a lot there. （运用了省略了that引导的宾语从句）。
47．（2023高一下·绥宁期末）阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写词数应为150左右。
It took place in a teacher's family. One day, Ben was playing basketball in the living room after school when he accidentally threw the ball at a vase sitting on the shelf. The vase dropped to the floor and a large piece broke off. What made Ben more upset was that the vase was not a common decoration but an antique, which was handed down through generations from the 18th century. It was also his mother's favourite possession. To cover his terrible action, the terrified boy glued the pieces together hastily and put the vase back to its place.
As the mother herself dusted the vase every day, she naturally noticed the cracks(裂纹)that evening. To her surprise, the repair work was actually very good. At dinner time, she asked her boy if he had broken the vase. Fearing punishment, the suddenly inspired boy said that a neighbour's cat jumped in from the window and he couldn't drive it away no matter how hard he tried. It raced around the living room and finally her son was lying, for all the windows were closed before she left for work each morning and opened after she returned. However, in the face of her son's nervous eyes and the suspicious looks of the other family members, Ben's mother remained calm. She realised she shouldn't just simply blame and punish her son for lying. She came up with another idea.
Before going to bed, the boy found a note from his mother in his room, asking him to go to the study at once. The boy thought he would now be punished but, as he had already lied, he was determined to deny everything to the end, no matter how angry his mum became.
In the study, calmly bathed in the light, his mother's face showed no sign of anger. On seeing her son push open the door and cautiously enter, she took a box of chocolates out of a drawer and gave him one.
The mother said, "This chocolate is a reward for your imagination: a window-opening cat!"
Now with some chocolates in his hand, the boy's bad attitude disappeared.
【答案】One possible version:
The mother said, "This chocolate is a reward for your imagination: a window-opening cat! "Hearing her sincere appreciation, Ben flushed, lowered his head and muttered a thank you. Surprisingly, the mother took out another chocolate and pressed it into his hand. "This one is for the delicate repair work you did to the broken vase. "She also added that she was moved by how much the boy cherished the family possession. At these hearty remarks, Ben felt a flow of shame through his veins, and had to duck his head even lower. The mother then calmly encouraged Ben to reward himself with more chocolates for other merits he had displayed in this event. He did as he was told to, confessing that he was calm when facing the accident.
Now with some chocolates in his hand, the boy's bad attitude disappeared. His palm and forehead sweating, nervousness welled up inside him. After what seemed a long time, he looked up at his mother, admitted that it was not the cat but he that had broken the vase accidentally and asked for punishment. "I'm sorry I lied to you, Mum. Please take back the chocolates." Feeling so ashamed, Ben couldn't hold back his tears. He opened his palm wide, ready to return the chocolates. To his surprise, however, his mother placed the whole box of chocolates in his hand, smiling. "Honesty deserves the best reward, my dear."
【知识点】文字式记叙文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，该篇记叙文以事件为线索展开，讲述了一个叫作本的男孩把妈妈的古董花瓶打碎了，他为了推脱责任撒谎骗妈妈，但是在妈妈的启发之下勇敢地承认了错误的故事。段落续写：1. 由第一段首句内容"母亲说："这巧克力是对你想象力的奖励：一只打开窗户的猫！""可知，第一段可描写母亲通过启发的方式让孩子承认错误。2. 由第二段首句内容"现在，手里拿着一些巧克力，男孩的坏态度消失了。"可知，第二段可描写本在母亲的起发下勇敢地承认了错误。续写线索：发现撒谎——谈话启发——本很感动——承认错误——获得谅解。写作时要注意准确运用时态，上下文意思要连贯，符合句际间和段际间的逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的词汇及句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型来提升文章的档次。
【点评】1. 本篇书面表达表达上要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用了一定数量的句式结构，让句子表达更加生动传神，同时使用了较多的高级词汇和固定短语，提高了文章的档次，体现了对英语书面表达熟练的驾驭能力。 例如：Hearing her sincere appreciation, Ben flushed, lowered his head and muttered a thank you. （运用了现在分词短语作状语）； She also added that she was moved by how much the boy cherished the family possession. （运用了that引导的宾语从句）；He did as he was told to, confessing that he was calm when facing the accident.（运用了as引导的方式状语从句，现在分词作状语以及that引导的宾语从句）；After what seemed a long time, he looked up at his mother, admitted that it was not the cat but he that had broken the vase accidentally and asked for punishment.（运用了that引导的宾语从句以及强调句）；Feeling so ashamed, Ben couldn't hold back his tears.（运用了现在分词短语作状语）。
2. 读后续写步骤如下
（1）精读文章，确定文章线索。每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索，比如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等，这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求。一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此短文续写的具体要求，如字数限制、使用几处下划线关键词语、续写段落的首句提示，这样考生能做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路。根据文章后面的要求，再次快速回读短文，抓住文章的思路，结合段首的提示语，最终确定续写段落的思路，同时结合文章划线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句。在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中划线的关键词语拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性、语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
（5）标出续写部分中使用到的原材料中标有下划线的关键词语。这一点可以帮助考生检查关键词语的使用情况并根据情况做出修改。最后在誊写文字时，务必做到"字迹工整、清晰"。
3. 在做此类试题时，读到适当的位置，可以短暂停顿，根据已读部分文章的脉络，对文章进行发散思维，设想可能的几种结尾；经常实施微型化训练，也就是对所读文章的某一段落进行设想。根据某段落的首句提示，结合文章的上文对该段进行合理设想，推断该段可能要讲述的内容。
1 / 1湖南省邵阳市绥宁县第一中学2022-2023学年高一下学期期末考试英语试卷
（2023高一下·绥宁期末）阅读理解Diary: Four must-visit design events of 2023
Get ready for an exciting year of design events in 2023! The events below are sure to inspire design enthusiasts.
Fuorisalone
Milan, Italy
Celebrating its 20th anniversary (纪念日) this year, the design festival makes a comeback with events across Milan's many creative towns. It will host events that push the limits of design -from city planning to multi-sensory (多感官的) architecture and more. This year, the fair will focus on its Future Lab theme, which reflects on how we imagine our future.
Venice Biennale of Architecture
Venice, Italy
Organized by Lesley Lokko, the 18th international Architecture Exhibition will open in May. Its subject, The Laboratory of the Future, explores the African continent as a leader of the future. As a workshop and laboratory, it invites architects to draw out examples from their modern-day practices and imagine what the future can hold.
London Design Festival
London, UK
Promoting London as a leading creative capital of the world, London Design Festival continues to play a key role in positioning the city as a global destination for culture. Having celebrated its 20th anniversary last year with transformative workshops, networking events and contemporary (当代的) design, all eyes are on the show to see what's next.
Southern Sweden Design Days
Malm , Sweden
Arranged by Design Center, the main spot for architecture and design in southern Sweden, Southern Sweden Design Days is a new player on the scene. Held yearly, it builds a platform that exhibits a full range of design disciplines (学科) through exhibitions, workshops and events.
1．What do Fuorisalone and Venice Biennale of Architecture have in common
A．Both are located in the same city.
B．Both exhibit modern-day designs.
C．Both focus on exploring the future.
D．Both regard Africa as future leaders.
2．Who is most likely to attend the London Design Festival
A．A fashion designer of traditional styles.
B．A composer preparing for a live show.
C．A college student majoring in computer.
D．A design enthusiast with an interest in culture.
3．Which event has the longest history
A．Fuorisalone.
B．Venice Biennale of Architecture.
C．London Design Festival.
D．Southern Sweden Design Days.
（2023高一下·绥宁期末） 阅读理解Every day as the sun rises, Ma Hongyi, a 66-year-old farmer, can be seen patrolling (巡逻) Yuncheng Salt Lake with his dog in Yuncheng city, North China's Shanxi province.
Ma still remembers the day when he first saw two big pink birds wandering through the water. "I had never seen such pretty birds. They were even taller than me, with long wings," Ma recalls. He was later informed that birds were flamingos, a rare sight in China, which were listed on the International Union for Protection of Nature's red list of endangered species in 2013. From that day on, Ma started his second career as a volunteer to prevent human beings frominterfering with the wildlife. "The birds are attracted by the good environment," Ma says. "I will do my best to protect the lake so that birds can come here every year."
Yuncheng Salt Lake covers an area of 132 square kilometers and used to serve as a salt production base. As the country began attaching greater importance to environmental protection, an ecological (生态的) protection and development center was set up in 2012 to carry out regular ecological protection and restoration (修复) of the lake. "The greatest value of the Salt Lake lies in its ecology, which should be properly restored and protected," says Chu Xianghao, mayor of the city. The lake area hosts 292 types of wild animals, along with 782 plant varieties, some of which are newly recorded species in the country.
After patrolling the lake as volunteer for over four years, Ma was employed by the local government to help with wildlife protection in 2019. "The lake's ecology is getting better," Ma says, adding that he looks forward to the arrival of the flamingos every year. "Some of them are my old friends", he says.
4．Why does Ma patrol Yuncheng Salt Lake every day
A．To serve as a keeper of the lake.
B．To observe the rare flamingos closely.
C．To admire the scenery around the lake.
D．To come across the flamingos again.
5．What does the underlined phrase "interfering with" in para 2 probably mean
A．bringing benefits to B．losing control of
C．sharing space with D．causing problems to
6．What can be inferred about Yuncheng Salt Lake from para 3
A．It is still used as a salt production base.
B．The restoration of it will be carried out soon.
C．It's home to 292 types of endangered wildlife.
D．The protection of its ecology is of great importance.
7．Which word can best describe Ma
A．Ambitious. B．Responsible. C．Generous. D．Humorous.
（2023高一下·绥宁期末） 阅读理解It's a typical day at school. You're playing soccer with your friends. One of them kicks you the ball and you run for it. You trip. You fly through the air. You land—hard, right on your face! The next moment, you're in the nurse's office. Your bleeding nose is being checked by laser sensors (激光传感器) that coming out of a...robot Has the nurse's office been taken over by sci-fi aliens (外星人) from outer space
No. You've just been pushed forward 15 years into the future. And it's a future that Susan Epstein, a computer science professor who teaches artificial intelligence, is really excited to think about. "I am crazy about this kind of thing! You could go up to the robot, put your nose in, and the machine would decide whether you needed to be treated, and how."
Aside from being cool, an AI nurse has other advantages. It doesn't need to take vacations. It doesn't need to get paid a salary. And it might figure out what's wrong with your nose faster than a human would. There are all kinds of ways that AI could be used to help make us healthier and researchers are studying how to use AI to diagnose (诊断) lung disease, cancer, and more.
Our robot nurse isn't meant to completely take the place of humans, though. "It would work with real, live nurses and doctors," says Epstein, "there are things humans are good at, like building trust among members of our own species or comforting someone who's hurt or sick. A big part of medicine is the relationship between a doctor and a patient."
Epstein points out that AI programs will never be perfect—no matter how much we might want them to be. But if AI can diagnose a deadly disease more precisely even 10 percent of the time, think of how many lives it could save. "Besides", says Epstein, "I think there are probably patients who might prefer to have a machine for a doctor!" Would you
8．What's the function of para 1
A．To introduce a scientific study.
B．To lead to the topic of the text.
C．To describe an experience of the writer.
D．To give an example to support an argument.
9．What can be inferred from Epstein's words in para 4
A．Humans are better at treating patients than AI doctors.
B．AI doctors alone can cure patients of most of the diseases.
C．Patients' trust in doctors may affect their treatments positively.
D．Patients may receive as much comfort from AI doctors as from humans.
10．What is true about AI doctors and nurses according to the text
A．They are better at trust-building.
B．They will take over humans.
C．Their biggest strength is being cool.
D．They are life-saving if properly used.
11．What's Epstein's attitude towards AI doctors and nurses!
A．Negative. B．Favorable. C．Doubtful. D．Unclear.
（2023高一下·绥宁期末） 阅读理解Yellow flower carpeted fields are a sure sign of summer. In Denmark alone, more than 200,000 hectares of rapeseed (油菜籽) are planted every year. But until now, the plant has only been used for oil and animal feed, as it is both bitter and unsafe as a direct food source for humans.
To protect themselves, the rapeseed plants produce a group of substances (物质) called glucosinolates(硫苷), which give the plants a strong and bitter taste that scares off insects and disease. As a result rapeseed is unhealthy to eat and the rapeseed cake, which is the remains of the seeds after the oil has been squeezed out, has only been used in limited quantities as feed for pigs and chickens, despite its 30—40 per cent protein content.
Now, researchers from the University of Copenhagen have discovered the three proteins that help to store the bitter substances in seeds of thale cress (阿拉伯芥), a plant closely related to the rapeseed. The new discovery makes it possible to prevent the accumulation (积聚) of these substances in the seed by removing the proteins through "transport engineering" technology. In doing so, the defensive substances remain in all other parts of the plant, allowing it to continue to defend itself.
So far, the researchers have shown that their method works in thale cress. "The next task is to apply our method to the closely related rapeseed plant, which we are now working on," says Professor Halkier, leader of the research.
"Half of plant proteins in the EU come from rapeseed plants. The climate crisis demands that we reduce meat consumption and eat more plants, which is where rapeseed has great potential as a new source of plant protein. Our latest research results bring us a step closer to making full use of rapeseed," says Professor Halkier.
12．What is the function of Paragraph 2
A．To state the reason. B．To offer the solution.
C．To give an example. D．To introduce the topic.
13．According to the research, how did scientists rid thale cress of its bitter taste
A．By selecting better seeds.
B．By removing the three proteins.
C．By increasing sweet tastes.
D．By storing defensive substances.
14．What do Halkier's words in last paragraph focus on
A．Researchers' efforts to better the taster.
B．Researchers' progress in their experiment.
C．Rapeseed's role in relieving climate crisis.
D．Rapeseed's potential as a new protein source.
15．Which of the following is a suitable title for this text
A．Harmful Proteins Discovered in Rapeseed
B．Rapeseed Widely Used as Oil and Animal Food
C．Researchers Closer to Making Rapeseed Safe Food
D．New Plant Proteins in Rapeseed Finally Uncovered
（2023高一下·绥宁期末）七选五Time is precious for students especially during finals. Having good skills of time management becomes so important. But how can you manage your time
Get some sleep.
When things get rough, sleep often gets cut out of your schedule. The lab report has to be done by tomorrow morning, so... no sleep tonight, right Wrong. 16． Your brain will run slower, and you'll be super tired all the time. So even if it sounds strange, spare time to get quality sleep.
Prioritize (划分优先顺序) often.
Keep a running list of the major tasks that you're performing. Change it as often as necessary and refer to it when you feel worried about all the things you have to do. 17． You can't do so many all at once.
18．
Although you might try hard to plan every, detail of your routine, sometimes things just happen. You might get sick or your roommate loses your keys. Set aside as much time as you can each day for emergencies. That way, you needn't deal with the unexpected in a rush.
Schedule time to relax.
Finals can be surprisingly stressful, and you may not realize how much harm they do to you until they're over. Workload can sometimes be unbearable. Schedule some free time to make you mentally recharged. 19．
Ask for help when you need it.
Asking for help is pretty normal during leaning. It's rare to find a student who can make it through school life without any help. 20． There are lots of places that can give you a hand at the end of a term.
A. Get on well with roommates.
B. Leave extra time, just in case.
C. Thus, don't hesitate to seek help when necessary.
D. Feeling worried may help you accomplish nothing.
E. If you feel depressed, focus on the one at the top of the list.
F. Let your brain take a break so it can go back to work efficiently.
G. Not getting enough sleep can actually cost you more time in the long run.
（2023高一下·绥宁期末） 完形填空My grandmother died when my mother was 11, so my mother never learned how to cook particularly well. Cooking skills aside, she's a (n) 21． nurturer (养育者) . Two years ago, she flew to care for me while I 22． from an operation. At my apartment, I handed her a grocery list of comfort foods, which included Campbell's Chicken Noodle Soup.
"I should make you some chicken noodle soup 23． ," she said.
"Mom, you have never made me chicken noodle soup in your life-except from a can (罐头). You did many 24． things for me, but there was no chicken noodle soup."
"Well, now I'm going to make you some soup," said my mother.
Then 25． my friend Kate, an amazing chef. I wrote that my mom was making some chicken noodle soup and asked her to send us a 26． .
Three hours and a dozen e-mails with Kate later, my mother had 27． made the chicken soup. It looked good. It was definitely chicken soup made with 28． .
All we needed was the noodles.
I watched as my mother 29． an entire bag of noodles into the soup when I got the e-mail from Kate. "Noodles, I forgot to say how many. It should be like …a cup."
We watched in 30． as the noodles soaked up (浸泡,吸收) all the soup . We tried to add more water, but it was too late. We stood in the kitchen, hurriedly spooning the 31． soup into our bowls.
"It's my fault!" said my mother, 32． .
But let me tell you, that one bowl of chicken noodle soup was 33． . We did not think about the soup-soaked noodles while we ate, nor did we think about the 34． of life. I was my mother's best dinner 35． , and she was my favorite chef.
21．A． extreme B． effective C． excellent D． economical
22．A． observed B． removed C． benefited D． recovered
23．A． aside B． instead C． otherwise D． nevertheless
24．A． sensitive B． wonderful C． rewarding D． generous
25．A． e-mailed B． texted C． called D． contacted
26．A． recipe B． message C． mail D． gift
27．A． instantly B． specially
C． appropriately D． successfully
28．A． appetite B． love C． value D． nutrient
29．A． mixed B． boiled C． emptied D． rolled
30．A． horror B． relief C． greed D． satisfaction
31．A． other B． boiling C． spare D． remaining
32．A． upset B． delighted C． angry D． relieved
33．A． ordinary B． delicious C． delicate D． salty
34．A． confusion B． depressions
C． imperfections D． beauty
35．A． cook B． guest C． critic D． partner
（2023高一下·绥宁期末） 短文填空The Amazon rainforest is home to a great 36． (various) of plant life; however, its soil is 37． (surprise) poor in nutrients. In fact, the soil in the region cannot support agriculture for more than a few years. If a scientist is shown a report 38． (list) the nutrients of that soil, he or she will probably think that only desert plants can survive in it! Then why is the soil so poor in nutrients For one thing, the rainy season has 39． impact on the soil. In this season, the water level can rise to more than 12 meters. 40． the water goes away, it takes away the nutrients in the soil. For another thing, due to the Amazon's hot climate, it is difficult for the soil 41． (build) enough nutrients. Dead plants and animals 42． (break) down more quickly. The nutrients are soon taken 43． by the roots of the plants deep beneath the ground. As a result, most of the forest's nutrients are locked up in the plants 44． (them) , thus allowing them to grow at a(n) 45． (believe) speed.
46．（2023高一下·绥宁期末）假定你是李华，你的留学生朋友David对中国国画非常感兴趣。你校国画社团正在招募新的成员，请写信邀请他加入。内容包括：
1. 写信目的；
2. 社团活动；
3. 期待加入。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
47．（2023高一下·绥宁期末）阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写词数应为150左右。
It took place in a teacher's family. One day, Ben was playing basketball in the living room after school when he accidentally threw the ball at a vase sitting on the shelf. The vase dropped to the floor and a large piece broke off. What made Ben more upset was that the vase was not a common decoration but an antique, which was handed down through generations from the 18th century. It was also his mother's favourite possession. To cover his terrible action, the terrified boy glued the pieces together hastily and put the vase back to its place.
As the mother herself dusted the vase every day, she naturally noticed the cracks(裂纹)that evening. To her surprise, the repair work was actually very good. At dinner time, she asked her boy if he had broken the vase. Fearing punishment, the suddenly inspired boy said that a neighbour's cat jumped in from the window and he couldn't drive it away no matter how hard he tried. It raced around the living room and finally her son was lying, for all the windows were closed before she left for work each morning and opened after she returned. However, in the face of her son's nervous eyes and the suspicious looks of the other family members, Ben's mother remained calm. She realised she shouldn't just simply blame and punish her son for lying. She came up with another idea.
Before going to bed, the boy found a note from his mother in his room, asking him to go to the study at once. The boy thought he would now be punished but, as he had already lied, he was determined to deny everything to the end, no matter how angry his mum became.
In the study, calmly bathed in the light, his mother's face showed no sign of anger. On seeing her son push open the door and cautiously enter, she took a box of chocolates out of a drawer and gave him one.
The mother said, "This chocolate is a reward for your imagination: a window-opening cat!"
Now with some chocolates in his hand, the boy's bad attitude disappeared.
答案解析部分
【答案】1．C
2．D
3．C
【知识点】旅游观光类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，主要讲的是2023年必去的四个设计活动。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题一种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。
1．细节理解题。根据Fuorisalone部分的"This year, the fair will focus on its Future Lab theme, which reflects on how we imagine our future.(今年，展会将聚焦于未来实验室的主题，即我们如何想象我们的未来。)"和Venice Biennale of Architecture部分的"Organized by Lesley Lokko, the 18th international Architecture Exhibition will open in May. Its subject, The Laboratory of the Future, explores the African continent as a leader of the future.(由Lesley Lokko主办的第18届国际建筑展将于5月开幕。它的主题是"未来的实验室"，探索非洲大陆作为未来的领导者。)"可知，Fuorisalone和Venice Biennale of Architecture的共同点是两者都专注于探索未来，故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据London Design Festival部分的"Promoting London as a leading creative capital of the world, London Design Festival continues to play a key role in positioning the city as a global destination for culture.(London Design Festival推动伦敦成为世界领先的创意之都，继续在将伦敦定位为全球文化目的地方面发挥关键作用。)"可知，对文化有兴趣的设计爱好者最有可能参加London Design Festival，故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据Fuorisalone部分的"Celebrating its 20th anniversary (纪念日) this year(今年是设计节成立20周年)"，Venice Biennale of Architecture部分的"the 18th international Architecture Exhibition will open in May(第18届国际建筑展将于5月开幕)"，London Design Festival部分的"Having celebrated its 20th anniversary last year(去年刚刚庆祝了20周年)"和Southern Sweden Design Days部分的"Southern Sweden Design Days is a new player on the scene(Southern Sweden Design Days是一个新的参与者)"可知，历史最长的是London Design Festival。故选C。
【答案】4．A
5．D
6．D
7．B
【知识点】说明文；环境保护类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了运城盐湖的看守人马红义看守盐湖四年，每天巡逻，保护这里的环境和动物。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题、推理判断题和词义猜测题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做判断推理题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。词义猜测题的解题方法包括利用指代关系、定义、定语、文章中的举例、比较的词语、构词法知识、上下文语境、因果关系来推测词义。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段"Every day as the sun rises, Ma Hongyi, a 66-year-old farmer, can be seen patrolling (巡逻) Yuncheng Salt Lake with his dog in Yuncheng city, North China's Shanxi province.(每天太阳升起的时候，在中国北部山西省运城，66岁的农民马红义就会带着他的狗在运城盐湖巡逻)"可知，马红义每天都在运城盐湖巡逻是因为他是湖泊的看守人。故选A。
5．词句猜测题。根据第二段""The birds are attracted by the good environment," Ma says. "I will do my best to protect the lake so that birds can come here every year."(马说："这些鸟被良好的环境所吸引。我会尽我最大的努力保护这个湖，这样鸟儿每年都能来这里。")"以及划线词上文"Ma started his second career as a volunteer to prevent human beings from"可知，马红义说鸟要来这里，所以他要阻止人类给这里的动物造成问题，故划线词意思是"给……造成问题"。故选D。
6．推理判断题。根据第三段""The greatest value of the Salt Lake lies in its ecology, which should be properly restored and protected," says Chu Xianghao, mayor of the city. The lake area hosts 292 types of wild animals, along with 782 plant varieties, some of which are newly recorded species in the country.("盐湖最大的价值在于它的生态，应该得到适当的恢复和保护，"该市市长褚祥浩说。湖区有292种野生动物，782种植物，其中一些是国内新记录的物种)"可推知，保护运城盐湖的生态是非常重要的。故选D。
7．推理判断题。根据第一段"Every day as the sun rises, Ma Hongyi, a 66-year-old farmer, can be seen patrolling (巡逻) Yuncheng Salt Lake with his dog in Yuncheng city, North China's Shanxi province.(每天太阳升起的时候，在中国北部山西省运城，66岁的农民马红义就会带着他的狗在运城盐湖巡逻)"以及最后一段"After patrolling the lake as volunteer for over four years, Ma was employed by the local government to help with wildlife protection in 2019.(作为志愿者在湖上巡逻了四年多后，马于2019年被当地政府雇用，帮助保护野生动物)"可推知，马红义是个负责的人。故选B。
【答案】8．B
9．C
10．D
11．B
【知识点】说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是未来的机器人护士和医生的优点。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题和推理判断题两种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做判断推理题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。
8．推理判断题。根据第一段的"You fly through the air. You land—hard, right on your face! The next moment, you're in the nurse's office. Your bleeding nose is being checked by laser sensors (激光传感器) that coming out of a. . robot Has the nurse's office been taken over by sci-fi aliens (外星人) from outer space (你在空中飞翔。你着地，迎面着地！下一秒，你就在护士办公室了。你流血的鼻子正在接受激光传感器的检查。机器人吗？护士办公室是不是被来自外太空的科幻外星人占领了？)"和第二段的"No. You've just been pushed forward 15 years into the future. And it's a future that Susan Epstein, a computer science professor who teaches artificial intelligence, is really excited to think about. "I am crazy about this kind of thing! You could go up to the robot, put your nose in, and the machine would decide whether you needed to be treated, and how."(不。你被推到了15年后的未来。这是一个让教授人工智能的计算机科学教授Susan Epstein非常兴奋的未来。"我对这种事很着迷！你可以走到机器人面前，把鼻子伸进去，机器就会决定你是否需要治疗，以及如何治疗。")"可知，第一段引出文章的主题，即未来的机器人护士，故选B。
9．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的""It would work with real, live nurses and doctors," says Epstein, "there are things humans are good at, like building trust among members of our own species or comforting someone who's hurt or sick. A big part of medicine is the relationship between a doctor and a patient."(Epstein说:"它将与真实的护士和医生一起工作，人类擅长的事情有很多，比如在我们自己的物种成员之间建立信任，或者安慰受伤或生病的人。医学的很大一部分是医患关系。")"可知，患者对医生的信任可能会对他们的治疗产生积极的影响，故选C。
10．细节理解题。根据最后一段的"But if AI can diagnose a deadly disease more precisely even 10 percent of the time, think of how many lives it could save.(但如果人工智能能够更准确地诊断出一种致命疾病，哪怕只有10%的准确率，想想它能拯救多少生命吧)"可知，如果使用得当，人工智能医生和护士可以挽救生命，故选D。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段的"But if AI can diagnose a deadly disease more precisely even 10 percent of the time, think of how many lives it could save. "Besides", says Epstein, "I think there are probably patients who might prefer to have a machine for a doctor!" Would you (但如果人工智能能够更准确地诊断出一种致命疾病，哪怕只有10%的准确率，想想它能拯救多少生命吧。"此外，"Epstein说，"我认为可能有些病人更愿意让医生用机器！你会吗"？)"可知，Epstein对人工智能医生和护士的态度是赞许的。故选B。
【答案】12．A
13．B
14．D
15．C
【知识点】说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍研究发现移除三种蛋白质，油菜籽有可能变得可以食用，并有成为植物蛋白新来源的巨大潜力。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题、推理判断题和主旨大意题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做判断推理题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
12．推理判断题。根据第二段的"To protect themselves, the rapeseed plants produce a group of substances (物质) called glucosinolates (硫苷), which give the plants a strong and bitter taste that scares off insects and disease. As a result rapeseed is unhealthy to eat (为了保护自己，油菜籽会产生一种叫做硫代葡萄糖苷(苷)的物质，这种物质会给油菜籽带来一种强烈而苦涩的味道，可以吓跑昆虫和疾病。因此，食用油菜籽是不健康的)"推知，第二段的目的是陈述食用油菜籽不安全的原因。故选A。
13．细节理解题。根据第三段的"Now, researchers from the University of Copenhagen have discovered the three proteins that help to store the bitter substances in seeds of thale cress (阿拉伯芥), a plant closely related to the rapeseed. The new knowledge makes it possible to prevent the accumulation (积聚) of these substances in the seed by removing the proteins through "transport engineering" technology. (现在，哥本哈根大学的研究人员已经发现了三种蛋白质，它们有助于在芥蓝(一种与油菜籽密切相关的植物)的种子中储存苦味物质。新知识使得通过"运输工程"技术去除蛋白质来防止这些物质在种子中的积累成为可能)"可知，科学家们通过移除芥蓝中的三种蛋白质来去除芥蓝籽的苦味。故选B。
14．细节理解题。根据最后一段"Half of plant proteins in the EU come from rapeseed. The climate crisis demands that we reduce meat consumption and eat more plants, which is where rapeseed has great potential as a new source of plant protein. Our latest research results bring us a step closer to making full use of rapeseed (欧盟一半的植物蛋白来自油菜籽。气候危机要求我们减少肉类消费，多吃植物，这就是油菜籽作为植物蛋白新来源的巨大潜力。我们最新的研究成果使我们离充分利用油菜籽又近了一步)"可知，Halkier的话集中在油菜作为一种新蛋白质来源的潜力上。故选D。
15．主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合倒数第二段"So far, the researchers have shown that their method works in thale cress. "The next task is to apply our method to the closely related rapeseed plant, which we are now working on," says Professor Halkier, leader of the research. (到目前为止，研究人员已经证明他们的方法在芥蓝中有效。"下一个任务是将我们的方法应用到与之密切相关的油菜籽植物上，这是我们目前正在研究的，"该研究的负责人Halkier教授说)"和最后一段"Our latest research results bring us a step closer to making full use of rapeseed (我们最新的研究成果使我们离充分利用油菜籽又近了一步)"可知，文章主要介绍在芥蓝（一种与油菜籽密切相关的植物）上的研究表明，通过移除三种蛋白质油菜籽有可能变得可以食用，并有成为植物蛋白新来源的巨大潜力。C项"Researchers closer to making rapeseed safe food (研究人员更接近于制作油菜籽安全食品)"可以作为本文最佳标题。故选C。
【答案】16．G；17．E；18．B；19．F；20．C
【知识点】说明文；七选五；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本文为一篇说明文。时间对学生来说是宝贵的，尤其是在期末考试期间，文章主要介绍了时间管理的五个做法。
【点评】考查任务型阅读（七选五）。解题时，要求考生注意通读整篇文章，把握整段脉络，理出文章的中心，分析段落之间和段落内部的层次。选项与前后句之间的逻辑关系是确定答案的主要依据。可以从意思、关键词、关联词来分析段落之间以及段落内部的逻辑关系。
16．根据本段主题句"Get some sleep. (睡一会儿)"可知，本段与睡眠相关的时间管理，结合"When things get rough, sleep often gets cut out of your schedule. The lab report has to be done by tomorrow morning, so... no sleep tonight, right Wrong. (当事情变得糟糕时，睡眠通常会从你的日程中被剔除。化验报告必须在明天早上完成，所以……今晚没睡，对吧？错了)"推知，下文要解释为什么晚上不睡觉是错误的，G项"Not getting enough sleep can actually cost you more time in the long run. (从长远来看，睡眠不足实际上会花费你更多的时间)"符合题意，衔接自然。故选G。
17．本段主题句"Prioritize (划分优先顺序) often. (经常划分优先顺序)"，根据上文"Change it as often as necessary and refer to it when you feel worried about all the things you have to do. (如果有必要的话，可以经常修改它，当你为你必须要做的事情感到担忧时，可以参考它)"可知，在时间管理过程中，要学会将任务按优先级排序，并按情况适时调整，E项"If you feel depressed, focus on the one at the top of the list (如果你感到沮丧，把注意力集中在列表的顶部)"符合题意，句中的depressed与上文的worried呼应，E项是对上一句的进一步的解释，上下文衔接连贯，故选E。
18．根据下文"Although you might try hard to plan every detail of your routine, sometimes things just happen. You might get sick or your roommate loses your keys. Set aside as much time as you can each day for emergencies. That way, you needn't deal with the unexpected in a rush. (虽然你可能会努力计划你日常生活的每一个细节，但有时事情就是发生了。你可能会生病，或者你的室友弄丢了你的钥匙。每天尽可能多地留出时间来处理紧急情况。这样，你就不必匆忙处理意外情况)"，尤其是Set aside as much time as you can each day for emergencies可知，在时间管理过程中，要留出时间来处理紧急情况，B项"Leave extra time, just in case (留出额外的时间，以防万一)"，下文是对B项是解释，Set aside呼应B项中的Leave。故选B。
19．本段主题为"Schedule time to relax. (安排时间放松)"，上文"Schedule some free time to make you mentally recharged. (安排一些空闲时间，让你的精神充电)"可知，在时间管理过程中，要安排时间放松，F项"Let your brain take a break so it can go back to work efficiently (让你的大脑休息一下，这样它就能高效地回去工作)"承接上文，进一步阐述安排时间放松的意义。故选F。
20．本段主题"Ask for help when you need it.(在你需要帮助的时候寻求帮助)"，根据上文"Asking for help is pretty normal during learning. It's rare to find a student who can make it through school life without any help. (在学习过程中寻求帮助是很正常的。很难找到一个学生能在没有任何帮助的情况下度过学校生活)"可知， 在必要的时候要寻求帮助，C项"Thus, don't hesitate to seek help when necessary (因此，在必要的时候不要犹豫寻求帮助)"符合题意，seek help与Ask for help相呼应，when necessary与when you need it呼应，上文与C项为因果关系。故选C。
【答案】21．C；22．D；23．B；24．B；25．A；26．A；27．D；28．B；29．C；30．A；31．D；32．A；33．B；34．C；35．B
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了母亲在作者手术恢复的时候给作者煮鸡汤的故事。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先要通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺失的单词的含义，最后对选项进行对比分析，选出正确选项。完形填空的解题技巧如下。利用首句信息来推测语篇主旨；寻找提示信息，重视语境意义；识别语篇标志，理清逻辑关系；利用原词复现，寻找近义词语；利用背景知识来简化判断过程；注意习惯用语，熟记常见句型。
21．句意：撇开厨艺不说，她还是个很好的养育者。A. extreme极大的；B. effective有效的；C. excellent出色的；D. economical经济的。根据后文"she flew to care for me"可知，母亲是个好的养育者，在作者手术恢复时照顾作者。故选C。
22．句意：两年前，当我从手术中恢复时，她飞过来照顾我。A. observed观察；B. removed去除；C. benefited受益；D. recovered恢复。根据后文"from an operation"以及上文提到母亲来照顾作者，可知是从手术中恢复。故选D。
23．句意："我应该给你做点鸡汤面，"她说。A. aside在旁边；B. instead相反；C. otherwise否则；D. nevertheless然而。上文"At my apartment, I handed her a grocery list of comfort foods, which included Campbell's Chicken Noodle Soup.(在我的公寓里，我递给她一份食品购物清单，上面有金宝鸡肉面汤)"提到作者想要Campbell's Chicken Noodle Soup，而母亲提出要自己给作者做，而不是买。故选B。
24．句意："你为我做了很多好事，但是没有鸡汤面。"A. sensitive敏感的；B. wonderful极好的；C. rewarding有益的；D. generous慷慨的。根据后文"things for me, but there was no chicken noodle soup"中but表示转折，指妈妈做了很多好的事情，但是没有鸡汤面。故选B。
25．句意：于是我给我的朋友凯特发了封电子邮件，她是一位了不起的厨师。A. e-mailed发邮件；B. texted发信息；C. called打电话；D. contacted联系。根据后文"Three hours and a dozen e-mails"可知作者发电子邮件和朋友联系。故选A。
26．句意：我写信说我妈妈正在做一些鸡汤面，让她给我们发一份食谱。A. recipe菜单；B. message信息；C. mail邮件；D. gift礼物。根据上文"I wrote that my mom was making some chicken noodle soup and asked her to send us a"以及提到朋友是厨师，所以是发来食谱。故选A。
27．句意：三个小时后，我母亲和凯特发了十几封电子邮件，终于成功熬出了鸡汤。A. instantly立即；B. specially特别地；C. appropriately合适的；D. successfully成功地。根据后文"made the chicken soup. It looked good."可知，她们成功做出了鸡汤。故选D。
28．句意：这绝对是用爱做的鸡汤。A. appetite胃口；B. love爱；C. value价值；D. nutrient营养物。根据上文"It was definitely chicken soup made with"可知，母亲为作者做了鸡汤，所以是用爱做出的鸡汤。故选B。
29．句意：当我收到凯特的邮件时，我看着母亲把一整袋面条倒进汤里。A. mixed混合；B. boiled煮沸；C. emptied清空；D. rolled滚动。根据后文"Noodles, I forgot to say how many. It should be like... a cup.(面条，我忘了说有多少了。应该是……一把的量)"以及"as the noodles soaked up all the soup(面条吸收了所有的汤)"可知，母亲把面条放多了，都放进去了，empty表示"清空"符合语境。故选C。
30．句意：我们惊恐地看着面条把汤都喝光了。A. horror震惊；B. relief安慰；C. greed贪婪；D. satisfaction满足。根据后文"as the noodles soaked up all the soup(面条吸收了所有的汤)"以及"We tried to add more water, but it was too late.(我们试着加点水，但已经太晚了)"可知，面条吸收了汤，作者他们很惊慌。故选A。
31．句意：我们站在厨房里，赶紧把剩下的汤舀进碗里。A. other其他的；B. boiling煮沸的；C. spare备用的；D. remaining剩下的。根据上文"as the noodles soaked up all the soup(面条吸收了所有的汤)"可知是把剩下的汤舀进碗里。故选D。
32．句意："是我的错!"妈妈沮丧地说。A. upset沮丧的；B. delighted高兴的；C. angry生气的；D. relieved安慰的。根据上文""It's my fault!" said my mother"可知，妈妈很自责，沮丧地说是自己的错。故选A。
33．句意：但是让我告诉你，那碗鸡汤面很好吃。A. ordinary普通的；B. delicious美味的；C. delicate精致的；D. salty咸的。根据上文"But let me tell you, that one bowl of chicken noodle soup was"中but表示转折，说明鸡汤面很好吃。故选B。
34．句意：吃饭的时候，我们没有想到泡在汤里的面条，也没有想到生活的不完美。A. confusion困惑；B. depressions抑郁；C. imperfections不完美；D. beauty美丽。根据上文"the soup-soaked noodles while we ate, nor did we think about the"可知，泡在汤里的面条是生活不完美的体现。故选C。
35．句意：我是妈妈最好的晚餐客人，她是我最喜欢的厨师。A. cook厨师；B. guest客人；C. critic批评家；D. partner伙伴。根据后文"and she was my favorite chef"可知，妈妈成了作者的厨师，而作者是妈妈的晚餐客人。故选B。
【答案】36．variety；37．surprisingly；38．listing；39．an；40．when；41．to build；42．are broken；43．in；44．themselves；45．unbelievable
【知识点】说明文；自然地理类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了尽管亚马孙雨林拥有丰富的植物生命，但其土壤却贫瘠，几乎不能支持农业，文中分析了土壤贫瘠的原因。
【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及名词，动词，冠词，代词，介词，副词，谓语动词时态和语态，非谓语动词以及时间状语从句等多个知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．句意：亚马孙雨林是各种植物的家园；然而，它的土壤却出奇地缺乏营养。此处为固定短语a variety of"各种各样的"，满足句意要求，故填variety。
37．句意：亚马孙雨林是各种植物的家园；然而，它的土壤却出奇地缺乏营养。副词作状语修饰形容词poor，词义为"出乎意料地"，即surprisingly，故填surprisingly。
38．句意：如果给科学家看一份列出土壤营养成分的报告，他或她可能会认为只有沙漠植物才能在那里生存！分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰report，report和list为主动关系，所以使用现在分词形式，故填listing。
39．句意：一方面，雨季对土壤有影响。此处为固定短语have an impact on"对……产生影响"，满足句意要求。故填an。
40．句意：当水分流失时，它带走了土壤中的养分。分析句子可知，此处应为从属连词引导时间状语从句，需要的词义为"当……时候"，则使用when引导从句，空格位于句首，故填When。
41．句意：另一方面，由于亚马逊的炎热气候，土壤很难形成足够的养分。分析句子可知，此处为固定句型"It is+形容词+for...+to do"表示"对于……做某事是怎样的"，则空格处使用动词不定式形式作真正的主语，故填to build。
42．句意：死去的植物和动物被分解得更快。分析句子可知，此处应使用谓语动词，主语"Dead plants and animals"和动词短语"break down"为被动关系，结合上下文的一般现在时可知，此处使用一般现在时的被动语态结构，主语为复数意义，故填are broken。
43．句意：这些营养物质很快就会被深埋在地下的植物根部吸收。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语take in"吸收"，满足句意要求，故填in。
44．句意：结果，森林里的大部分营养物质都被植物锁在里面，从而使它们以令人难以置信的速度生长。根据句意可知，此处为反身代词themselves"它们自己"，作为plants的同位语，plants themselves意为"植物本身"，满足句意要求，故填themselves。
45．句意：结果，森林里的大部分营养物质都被植物锁在里面，从而使它们以令人难以置信的速度生长。根据句意的需要可知，此处为believable的反义形容词unbelievable"令人难以置信的"作定语修饰speed，满足句意要求，故填unbelievable。
46．【答案】Dear David,
Learning that you are interested in Chinese paintings, I'm writing to invite you to join the Chinese painting club in our school. (写信目的)
Various activities are organized for its members. (总起句) First, the club holds theme lectures by masters, which equip us with relevant painting skills. (社团活动1) Also, it offers visits to galleries to appreciate some masterpieces, helping us gain a deeper insight into the Chinese paintings and the stories behind. (社团活动2) If interested, you can visit our school website and sign up online before May 4th. (报名方式)
I believe you will benefit a lot there. (再次邀请) Looking forward to your joining. (期待回复)
【知识点】文字式应用文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇运用文写作，要求考生以李华的身份写一封英文信邀请David加入校国画社团。写作背景：李华的留学生朋友David对中国国画非常感兴趣，李华校国画社团正在招募新的成员。内容包括：1. 写信目的；2. 社团活动；3. 期待加入。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使作文显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇书面表达表达上要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用了一定数量的句式结构，让句子表达更加生动传神，同时使用了较多的高级词汇和固定短语，提高了文章的档次，体现了对英语书面表达熟练的驾驭能力。例如：Learning that you are interested in Chinese paintings, I'm writing to invite you to join the Chinese painting club in our school.（运用了现在分词作状语）；First, the club
holds theme lectures by masters, which equip us with relevant painting skills.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）；Also, it offers visits to galleries to appreciate some masterpieces,
helping us gain a deeper insight into the Chinese paintings and the stories behind.（运用了现在分词短语作状语）； If interested, you can visit our school website and sign up online before
May 4th.（运用了省略句）； I believe you will benefit a lot there. （运用了省略了that引导的宾语从句）。
47．【答案】One possible version:
The mother said, "This chocolate is a reward for your imagination: a window-opening cat! "Hearing her sincere appreciation, Ben flushed, lowered his head and muttered a thank you. Surprisingly, the mother took out another chocolate and pressed it into his hand. "This one is for the delicate repair work you did to the broken vase. "She also added that she was moved by how much the boy cherished the family possession. At these hearty remarks, Ben felt a flow of shame through his veins, and had to duck his head even lower. The mother then calmly encouraged Ben to reward himself with more chocolates for other merits he had displayed in this event. He did as he was told to, confessing that he was calm when facing the accident.
Now with some chocolates in his hand, the boy's bad attitude disappeared. His palm and forehead sweating, nervousness welled up inside him. After what seemed a long time, he looked up at his mother, admitted that it was not the cat but he that had broken the vase accidentally and asked for punishment. "I'm sorry I lied to you, Mum. Please take back the chocolates." Feeling so ashamed, Ben couldn't hold back his tears. He opened his palm wide, ready to return the chocolates. To his surprise, however, his mother placed the whole box of chocolates in his hand, smiling. "Honesty deserves the best reward, my dear."
【知识点】文字式记叙文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，该篇记叙文以事件为线索展开，讲述了一个叫作本的男孩把妈妈的古董花瓶打碎了，他为了推脱责任撒谎骗妈妈，但是在妈妈的启发之下勇敢地承认了错误的故事。段落续写：1. 由第一段首句内容"母亲说："这巧克力是对你想象力的奖励：一只打开窗户的猫！""可知，第一段可描写母亲通过启发的方式让孩子承认错误。2. 由第二段首句内容"现在，手里拿着一些巧克力，男孩的坏态度消失了。"可知，第二段可描写本在母亲的起发下勇敢地承认了错误。续写线索：发现撒谎——谈话启发——本很感动——承认错误——获得谅解。写作时要注意准确运用时态，上下文意思要连贯，符合句际间和段际间的逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的词汇及句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型来提升文章的档次。
【点评】1. 本篇书面表达表达上要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用了一定数量的句式结构，让句子表达更加生动传神，同时使用了较多的高级词汇和固定短语，提高了文章的档次，体现了对英语书面表达熟练的驾驭能力。 例如：Hearing her sincere appreciation, Ben flushed, lowered his head and muttered a thank you. （运用了现在分词短语作状语）； She also added that she was moved by how much the boy cherished the family possession. （运用了that引导的宾语从句）；He did as he was told to, confessing that he was calm when facing the accident.（运用了as引导的方式状语从句，现在分词作状语以及that引导的宾语从句）；After what seemed a long time, he looked up at his mother, admitted that it was not the cat but he that had broken the vase accidentally and asked for punishment.（运用了that引导的宾语从句以及强调句）；Feeling so ashamed, Ben couldn't hold back his tears.（运用了现在分词短语作状语）。
2. 读后续写步骤如下
（1）精读文章，确定文章线索。每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索，比如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等，这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求。一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此短文续写的具体要求，如字数限制、使用几处下划线关键词语、续写段落的首句提示，这样考生能做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路。根据文章后面的要求，再次快速回读短文，抓住文章的思路，结合段首的提示语，最终确定续写段落的思路，同时结合文章划线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句。在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中划线的关键词语拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性、语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
（5）标出续写部分中使用到的原材料中标有下划线的关键词语。这一点可以帮助考生检查关键词语的使用情况并根据情况做出修改。最后在誊写文字时，务必做到"字迹工整、清晰"。
3. 在做此类试题时，读到适当的位置，可以短暂停顿，根据已读部分文章的脉络，对文章进行发散思维，设想可能的几种结尾；经常实施微型化训练，也就是对所读文章的某一段落进行设想。根据某段落的首句提示，结合文章的上文对该段进行合理设想，推断该段可能要讲述的内容。
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