Lesson 3 The Sea World ---Grammar
观察下列从Reading中选取的句子，体会比较级的用法。
①It's three times as big underwater.
②They are less colou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rful than some other fish but they move beautifully.
③Some fish can produc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e sounds almost twice as loud as your speaking voice!
④They have a huge mouth and can eat fish as big as themselves.
[自我总结] 以上四句均含有 结构，其中①③句为 表达方式，其结构为：倍数＋as...as；②句为 级，其结构为less...than...；④句为 的比较用法，其结构为：as...as。
【答案】 比较；倍数；比较；同级
形容词和副词的比较级
形容词和副词的比较级和最高级是高考必考的语法项目，必须熟练掌握其用法。对于形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法应注意以下具体问题：
1．表示倍数的几个句型
(1)倍数＋as＋形容词/副词原级＋as...
(2)倍数＋形容词/副词比较级＋than...
(3)倍数＋the＋性质名词＋of...
(4)The＋名词＋be＋倍数＋what从句
(5)The＋名词＋be＋倍数＋that/those of...
At a rough estimate，Nigeria is three times the size of Great Britain.
＝At a rough estimate，Nigeria is three times as big as Great Britain.
＝At a rough estimate，Nigeria is three bigger than Great Britain.
粗略估算，尼日利亚的面积是大不列颠的3倍。
The output of this year is 3 times that of 2008.
＝The output of this year is 3 times what it was in 2008.
今年的产量是2008年的三倍。
2．同级的比较用as...as，the same...as，such...as引导。
Mr.Li is as g ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ood a teacher as Mr.Zhou；both of them are deeply loved by their students.
李老师与周老师一样慈祥，他们都被他们的学生所深深爱戴。
3．与比较级有关的结构及运用
(1)more and more意为“越来越……”，其后接名词(不可数名词或可数名词复数均可)，也可修饰形容词、副词、介词短语、动词等。
More and more peopl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e are concerning themselves with environmental problems.越来越多的人关心环境问题。
(2)the＋比较级．..＋the＋比较级．..表示“越……越……”。
The harder you work，the more progress you will make.
你越努力，取得的进步就越大。
(3)否定＋比较级＝最高级
He has never spent a more worrying day.
他过了最担心的一天。
(4)no＋比较级＋than结构
“no＋比较级＋than”结构通常不是表示一般意义的否定，而是表示对两个待比较的对象同时进行否定，通常可理解为“与……一样不……”。
You are no more careful than he is.
你和他一样不仔细。
4．比较级的修饰语常见的有：
(1)rather，much，st ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ill，even，far，any(常用于否定句或疑问句)，a lot，a little，a great deal，by far，a bit，a great deal等。
(2)还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。
(3)修饰最高级的有by far，nearly，almost，by no means等。
The bridge being ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )built now is by far the longest across the Yellow River.现在正在修建的这座桥是迄今为止跨越黄河的最长的桥。
③注意比较结构中的省略现象。
在日常交际中，彼此都明白的比较对象往往省略。
—What do you think of the film
——你认为这部电影怎么样？
—I have never seen a better one.(后边省略了than the film)——我从没有看过更好的一部。
Tom's composition，if n ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ot better(后边省略了than Jack's)，is at least as good as Jack's.汤姆的作文，如果不比杰克的好，至少跟他的一样好。
这种省略现象给考生正确判断造成一定的障碍，在高考中出现频率较高，应引起足够的重视。
1．(2012·课标全国卷 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ))The result is not very important to us，but if we do win，then so much .
A．the best B．best
C．better D．the better
【解析】 so much ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the better常常和if条件句连用，意为“如果……那就更好了”，其反义词组是so much the worse“那就更糟糕了”。句意：结果对我们来说并不非常重要，但是如果我们真的能赢，那就更好了。
【答案】 D
2．(2012·全国卷Ⅱ)Next to biology，I like physics .
A．better B．best
C．the better D．very well
【解析】 句意：除了生物，我最喜欢物理 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。学生在校学习的科目很多，在多个事物之中表达“最喜欢”，应该用最高级。本题中的前半部分有很强的迷惑性，其中“next to”在此意为“居于……之后”。很容易使人误以为是biology和physics两者相比较而误选A。
【答案】 B
3．(2013·江西高考)There ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )are a small number of people involved, possibly twenty.
A．as few as B．as little as
C．as many as D．as much as
【解析】 句意：有少数人被牵涉其中，可能才20人。as few as常用来强调数量出乎意料地少。根据语境可知A项正确。
【答案】 A
4．(2013·天津高考)I th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ink watching TV every evening is a waste of time—there are meaningful things to do.
A．less B．more
C．the least D．the most
【解析】 句意：我认为每晚看电视是浪费时 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )间——有更多有意义的事要做。根据a waste of time可知说话人不同意每晚都看电视，故破折号后的意思是去做更多有意义的事，所以选择B项。less与题目原意正好相反，所以错误；C、D两项都是最高级形式，不符合语境。
【答案】 B
5．(2013·新课标全国卷Ⅱ)It ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) may not be a great suggestion. But before is put forward, we'll make do with it.
A．a good one B．a better one
C．the best one D．a best one
【解析】 句意：这也许不是一个很棒的建 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )议，但是在 被提出之前，我们还是先凑合着用吧。分析题意可知，另一个建议是与先前的相比较，故应该用比较级，所以选B项。
【答案】 B
6．What a wonder ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )！They've finished half of the project in such a short time.
A．no more than B．no less than
C．not more than D．much less than
【解析】 句意：真是奇迹！在这么短的时 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )间内他们已经完成了这项工程的一半还多。no more than仅仅，只；not more than不超过；much less than远远不到；而no less than不少于，超过，符合语境。
【答案】 B
7．Bob ran the 100 met ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )res in 9.91 seconds，and I have not seen this year.
A．the best B．a better
C．the most D．more
【解析】 由句意可知，今年还没有比这个更好的成绩。“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级的含义。
【答案】 B
8．About 11 mil ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lion people have moved to this city.The population is as ten years ago.
A．as twice large B．twice as large
C．as many twice D．twice as many
【解析】 考查倍数的表达法。句意：大约 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )有一千一百万人搬到这座城市，现在这座城市的人口是十年前的两倍。表示倍数时，其结构为“倍数＋as＋adj./adv.＋as...”；此处as ten years ago为省略句，补充完整为as it was ten years ago。
【答案】 B
Ⅱ.用形容词或副词的适当形式填空
1．There are (many)new beautiful spots here than in other cities of China.
2．This lesson is (easy)than the last one.
3．Of the two girls I'm teaching，I find Nancy the (clever)．
4．Gold is (little)useful than iron.
5．My sister is two years (old)than I.
6．The boy runs almost as (badly)as Joe.
7．The boy runs almost as (quickly)as his teacher.
8．He could drive as (carefully)as his father.
9．This article is slightly(稍微的) (well)organized than that one.
10．We all love ourse ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lves (much)and hate ourselves (little)than we ought.
【答案】 1.more 2.easier 3 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ).cleverer 4.less 5.older 6．badly 7.quickly 8.carefully 9.better 10．more；lessLesson 3 The Sea World
1．At a rough estimate, Nigeria is ____Great Britain.
A. three times the size as B. the size three times of
C. three times as the size of D. three times the size of
2. Paper produce ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d every year is _____the world’s production of vehicles.
A. the three times weight of B. three times the weight of
C. as three times heavy as D. three times as heavier
3. It is said that ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Chinese are eating ____eggs per person today as they in the 1970s
A. more than twice as many B. more than twice
C. as twice D. twice more
4. The enlarged school campus is _____the old one.
A. as three times big as B. three times as big as
C. bigger three times than D. as big as three times
5. Having introdu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ced the new equipment, our factory turned out _____in 2004 as the year before.
A. as three times many cars B. three times as many cars
C. as many cars as three times D. three times more cars than
6. My ruler is _____his.
A. two times as longer as B. twice the length of
C. three times longer of D. twice long than
7.--Is your headache getting_____
--No, it’s worse.
A. better B. bad C. less D. well
8. The number of p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eople present at the concert was _____than expected. There were many tickets left.
A. much smaller B. much more C. much larger D. many more
9. That doesn’t sou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd very frightening, Paul. I’ve seen ____. What did you like most about the film
A. better B. worse C. best D worst
10. Four of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Robert’s children were at the party, including _____, Luke.
A. the oldest B. an oldest one C. the old D. an old one
Answers: 1. D 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. B 6. B 7. A 8. A 9. B 10. ALesson3 The Sea World
Teaching aims:
to learn some animals under the sea
to learn some words and expressions
to learn the usage of “ as “
Teaching difficult and important points:
To master the usage of “as”
Teaching aids:
CAI
Teaching procedures:
Find the words for the pictures
Ⅰ. Warm up
To enjoy some a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mazing and popular animals of the sea and talk about the animals freely
Ⅱ.Fast reading
True (T) or False (F)．
(1)The tiniest fi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sh in the world is as big as a fly in your house. ( )
(2)You can see ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the most beautiful coral and the most unusual fish in the world in the “Sea Theatre”． ( )
(3)We can see polar be ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ars and a real iceberg in the “Polar World”． ( )
(4)Children can touch ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) crabs and other smaller creatures in the “Discovery Pool”． ( )
Ⅲ Careful reading
Read ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the text carefully and fill in the blanks according to the text
Underwater World 1
Areas creatures What impresses you most
Polar World 1. 2. 3. _____________ less energetic but more friendly penguins
Ocean Floor 1. 2.
Sea Theatre
Discovery Pool 1. ___________2. Other smaller creature
Areas creatures What impresses you most
Virtual Reality Voyage 1. Some of the strangest fish2. dolphins3. ______________________ 1. Noisest fish ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ): Produce sounds almost twice as loud as your speaking voice.2. Prettiest fish: at ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tract other fish with a light on their body… eat fish as big as themselves.3. Tiniest fish: not as big as a fly.4. Swim with dolphins 5. Face an attack by the most dangerous creature in the sea
ⅣVoice your opinion:
Supposing you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) are a guide in a certain area of the Underwater World, please introduce your area to the tourists.
Ⅴ Language points
1.ban
(1)vt.禁止
①The government has banned the use of chemical weapons.
政府已经禁止使用化学武器。
②Smoking in public places will be banned from January lst,
2011.
从2011年1月1日起，公共场所将严禁吸烟。
Ban sb from ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) doing sth
③He has been driving for half a year for
drinking.
他因喝酒已被禁止驾驶半年。
[点津] ban的过去式、过去分词和现在分词分别为：
banned, banned; banning。
2.solution n．答案，解决办法
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(鲜活例句)The solution to the problem required many hours.
解决这个问题需要好几个小时。
(二)归纳拓展全析考点
a solution to ... ……的解决方法
find / seek a solution 寻找解决的方法
solve vt. 解决
3.present
(教材原句)How will you present your project
你将如何演示你的计划？
(1)vt. 讲演，演示；授予；赠送；介绍；引见
present sth.to sb. 向某人提交某物
present sb.with sth.＝ present sth.to sb.
给某人颁奖，向某人赠送某物
present sb.to sb. 向某人介绍/引见某人
2)n.礼物；赠品；现在；目前
④We gave him a present, but he wouldn't accept it.
我们给他一件礼物，但他不肯接受。
at present 现在；目前
for the present 暂时
⑤He is away on his holidays.
目前他去休假了。
3)adj.在场的，出席的；现在的，目前的
⑥Something must be done about the present situation.
关于目前的状况必须采取某种措施。
⑦People present at the meeting were in favor of the plan.
出席会议的人们都赞成这个计划。
[点津] present意为“在场的，出席的”时，作定语时
后置；意为“现在的，目前的”时，作定语时前置。
4.attract vt.吸引，引起(反应)
①What I said didn't attract his attention.
我所说的话没有引起他的注意。
5.trick
(教材原句)I think it's cruel to make them do tricks.
我认为让它们做这些把戏太残忍了。
(1)n.戏法，把戏
①Liu Qian, a young magician from Taiwan, performed
many tricks for the audience.
台湾年轻魔术师刘谦为观众表演了许多戏法
play a trick/trick on sb
②We them and they fell right into it.
我们设了个圈套，他们就正好中计了
6.discount n．折扣，减价
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Special discount before the 22nd so the sooner the
better!
22日前特价，所以越早订票越好！
(鲜活例句)Customers are allowed a discount on orders over
￡500.
at a discount 打折扣
get / give / offer a discount 得到/给予/提供折扣
discount prices 折扣价
7.measure
(教材原句)Bigger dolphins can measure four metres in
length but common dolphins are usually less than two
metres long.
大一些的海豚可达4米长，但一般的海豚通常不到两米长。
(1)vi & vt.度量(大小、长短等)，测量
①Success isn't measured by how much money you have.
成功不是由你拥有多少钱来衡量的。
②The classroom measures about 10 meters by 8 meters.
教室大约是10米长8米宽
(2)n.尺寸；措施；方法
I made a coat to my own measure.
我按照自己的尺寸做了一件外套。
VII. Homework
