人与自然
话题十六 自然生态、环境保护及灾害防范
第二部分 话题多角度训练
一、听短文，填信息
Protect Our Earth
Reasons ●Each of us 1. on the food and water of our earth ●We are 2. connected
Four3. tips ●First, we can pick up rubbish in the park ●Second, we need to take our 4. bags when we go shopping ●Third, we can go to school on foot or by 5. ●Fourth, we should collect things that can be recycled
第一步——听前预测：
请预测每个空格的词性并写在题号的横线上。
第二步——听中速记：
捕捉关键词，快速记录，比较长的单词先写开头三个字母，简写或缩写等。
第三步——听后核对：
请检查单复数、动词时态、主谓一致、形容词/副词比较级最高级、句首大写等，并将正确答案写在横线上。
二、完形填空
This is a story about a storm in Moscow. It happened several years ago. It was my first time that I had seen such a 1 storm.
It was a sunny day in July, and I was at home watching TV. The window was open 2 the weather was so hot. Suddenly, I 3 a strong wind from outside. I looked out of the window and saw a black sky and trees blowing over because of the strong wind. I tried to 4 the window, but the wind made me fall down. I was afraid that the glass might break. I stood up and tried to close the window again. 5 , I made it.
Then I looked outside. I found that the big tree in front of my house was going to fall to the ground. There was frequent（频繁的） thunder and lightning. I started to 6 all the appliances（电器） as quickly as possible.
After a while, the wind stopped, but it began to hail（下冰雹）. After about ten minutes, 7 stopped, and the sun came out again. How 8 the weather was! A few minutes later, the phone began to ring. It was my friend. We asked each other how it was and how we felt after the storm.
In the streets, many trees died because of the 9 . For a few days, people helped clean parks and gardens. The 10 tells me that in the face of natural disasters, human beings are insignificant（微不足道的）. We can't stop them, but we must protect ourselves from them.
1．A．terrible B．little C．common
2．A．though B．because C．if
3．A．touched B．heard C．felt
4．A．break B．close C．change
5．A．Luckily B．Recently C．Probably
6．A．turn off B．turn on C．turn down
7．A．anything B．everything C．something
8．A．usual B．similar C．strange
9．A．fire B．accident C．storm
10．A．expression B．experience C．experiment
【话题好句积累】
我们不能阻止它们，但是我们必须保护我们自己免遭它们危害。
________________________________________________________________________________
【写作句型积累】
It was my first time that I had seen such a ____ storm.
第一次做某事：______________________________________________________________________
三、选词填空
nothing amaze practice weekend how person require final pleasure sound
Spring is my favourite season. Born in a small village in Northwest China in the early 1990s, I understood 1. busy farmers were in spring. If they are lazy in spring, they harvest 2. in autumn. Therefore, farmers have to compete with time to sow seeds（播种）.
Farm work 3. close teamwork. When I was a little girl, every 4. I was busy planting crops from wheat and potatoes to soybeans and corn. Each kind has its special 5. . I have memories of planting soybeans. While one 6. was using a shovel（铁锹） to dig small holes in the soil, the other carefully sowed some seeds into each hole. Though it might 7. simple, putting too many seeds would easily result in accidents. For example, the seeds might spill out（洒出）. I was advised to bend a little while sowing the seeds. After some 8. , I got the technique and gradually got more interested in doing farm work than before.
Through farming work in spring, I not only came to realise what the season meant to farmers, but also saw the 9. power of life. At first, they were all so small. But 10. , they grew into healthy plants. Perhaps it's because of these wonderful childhood experiences that I like spring best.
【话题好句积累】
1．春天是我最喜爱的季节。
________________________________________
2．因此，农民不得不和时间比赛去播种。
____________________________________________________________________________
【写作句型积累】
…I not only came to realise what the season meant to farmers, but also…
不仅逐渐意识到……，而且……：______________________________________________
【熟词生义积累】（具体的见主书的“熟词生义”部分P179 第16课时）
第三部分 话题能力提升——读写综合
一、阅读导入
Thanks to Earth, we have fresh air to breathe, clean water to drink and warm sunshine to enjoy. But it seems that we may think these things are normal and not realise that our planet is getting “sick”.
Among all the environmental problems, climate change sits at the top. Global average（平均的） temperatures have risen by over 0.5 since 1992. A half-degree temperature rise is a big thing. It means that heat waves can last around one third longer and rainstorms will be about one third stronger. The increase in sea levels will be much higher, according to NASA.Countries like Singapore that are at low places may be covered by the ocean in the future.
But this is not the only problem people are facing. It's getting harder to get fresh water. Ocean pollution has become serious. Since 1992, the human population has grown by 2 billion, while the populations of all other animals have fallen by nearly 30 percent.
Scientists say that we are experiencing the sixth huge extinction in history. More than two-thirds of the world's wildlife could be gone by the end of the decade（十年） if we don't take action soon, according to the World Wildlife Fund.
However, we have made some progress by making the hole in the ozone（臭氧） layer smaller. That's because we gradually stopped using chemicals that can break down ozone.
This shows that when we make quick and strong decisions, we can make positive changes.
1．What may happen if global average temperatures rise by 0.5 （ ）
A．Rainstorms will be more serious.
B．Cold waves can last a third longer.
C．Sea levels will be three times higher.
2．What does the underlined word “extinction” probably mean （ ）
A．Development. B．Disappearance. C．Movement.
3．（新考法：细节多选）Which of the following environmental problems are mentioned in the text （ ）
①Air pollution.
②Ocean pollution.
③Fewer animals.
④Smaller ozone layer.
A．①② B．②④ C．②③
4．What's the writer's attitude to the future of our planet （ ）
A．Proud. B．Doubtful. C．Hopeful.
5．（新考法：文章结构）What's the structure of the text （ ）
A．
B．
C．
【多角度设问】
1．According to this text, what should we do to make positive changes
________________________________________________________
2．What may the writer talk about next
__________________________________________________________________________________
【话题好句积累】
1．但这不是人们正面临的唯一问题。
____________________________________________________________________
2．在所有的环境问题中，气候变化排在首位。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
3．多亏了地球，我们才能呼吸新鲜的空气，饮用干净的水，享受到温暖的阳光。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【写作句型训练】
That's because we gradually stopped using chemicals that can break down ozone.
句型：That's because （那是因为）
仿写：那是因为我们每年坚持在山上种树。
__________________________________________________________________
二、写作指导
（一）话题解读
本话题是自然生态、环境保护及灾害防范。常见的写作命题角度有：
1. 自然环境及生态的介绍；
2. 环境问题及其应该采取的行动；
3. 自然灾害的介绍及其防范措施。
（二）话题写作
1. 写作点拨
写作都是围绕某个话题展开的，我们需要先审题，然后围绕话题展开叙述，根据结构和要点组织段落内容，最后对全文进行总结。
2.例文讲解
假设你是李辉。你校英文报近期正在开展“保护环境，从我做起”的主题活动，号召全体师生从小事做起，践行环保理念。请你写一份英文倡议书。内容包括：
（1）保护环境的重要性；
（2）保护环境的方法；
（3）你的期望。
注意：
（1）词数为80左右；
（2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
（3）文中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称；
（4）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇: survival（n.生存）, balance（n.平衡）, soil（n.土壤）, eco-friendly （adj.环保的）
My fellow students,
I'm glad to be here to give a speech about environmental protection.
Thanks for your time!
第一步：谋篇布局
1．审题 人称：__________ 时态：____________
2．提纲
第二步：理清思路，写好句子
【开头】
（主题句）I'm glad to be here to give a speech about environmental protection.
【主体】
1.保护环境的重要性
（主题句）Protecting the environment is important for our survival.
（支持句）It helps to keep the balance of nature and to make sure that we have clean air, water, and soil.
2．保护环境的方法
（主题句）There are many steps we can take to protect the environment.
（支持句）We can start by reducing waste, recycling, and reusing things.
（支持句）Saving water and energy, planting trees, and using eco-friendly products are also __________________（有用的方法）.
3．你的期望
（主题句）I hope that each of us can take these small steps to ____________________________（有很大的不同）.
（支持句）Let's work together to create a greener and healthier world.
【结尾】
Thanks for your time!
第三步：连句成篇，写作迁移，并增添适当的过渡词
My fellow students,
I'm glad to be here to give a speech about environmental protection.
Protecting the environment is important for our survival.①It helps to keep the balance of nature and to make sure that we have clean air, water, and soil.
There are many steps we can take to protect the environment. ________________（首先）, ②we can start by reducing waste, recycling, and reusing things. ______________（此外）, saving water and energy, planting trees, and using eco-friendly products are also useful methods.
I hope that each of us can take these small steps to make a big difference. Let's work together to create a greener and healthier world.
Thanks for your time!
第四步：检查作文，美化语句
1．将①处改为含有 “not only…but also…”结构的句子。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2．将②处改为含有“It's better to do sth.”句型的句子。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
（三）迁移训练
每年的4月22日是世界地球日（The World Earth Day）。它专为保护环境而设立，目的是提高人们对于现有环境问题的意识，并动员每一个人都参与到环境保护中来，通过绿色低碳的生活改善地球的整体环境。请你以“The Greener, the Better”为题，写一篇英语短文，分享你对环境保护的认识和感受。内容包括：
1. 你对环境保护的认识和感受；
2. 你在生活中发现的一个环境问题；
3. 你认为该如何改善这个问题？
4. 你将如何做出自己的贡献？
注意：
1. 词数为80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 文中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称；
4. 标题已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇: serious （adj.严重的）, litter （v.乱丢垃圾）
写作前审题
时态：____________________________ 人称：__________
The Greener, the Better
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
三、话题写作多角度命题训练——审题训练（参考范文见答案）
命题角度：河域保护
黄河是中华民族的母亲河，保护黄河是我们每个人应该做的事。你校英文报拟发布保护黄河的倡议书，请你用英文介绍一下黄河并倡导大家共护母亲河。内容包括：
1. 黄河的基本信息；
2. 目前黄河面临的问题；
3. 保护方法。
参考词汇: water and soil loss（水土流失）
★审题 人称： 时态：
★提纲
四、2024年真题链接
（2024陕西改编）假如你是李斌，开学初老师在劳动实践课（labour class）上布置了一项作业，内容是栽培一种植物（绿植、花、水果、蔬菜等），观察并记录它（们）的生长变化。你完成了这项作业并且觉得很有趣，打算写一封邮件和你的笔友Tom分享此次经历和感受。内容包括：
1.你栽培的植物；
2.这种植物的生长变化；
3.分享你的感受。
Hi Tom,
How's it going I'd like to share the interesting experience of my labour homework with you.
This term, my teacher assigned me a project to grow a plant and record its changes. I chose a sunflower and named it Sunny. I put the seed into a nice container and carefully recorded its changes. Each day, I watered and looked after Sunny with care. It was fascinating to see how it slowly grew taller and stronger. When I saw the sunflower grow well, I got a strong feeling of satisfaction. And the funny shape of the sunflower made me deeply interested in it.
The interesting experience taught me patience and the beauty of nature. I hope you try this too! Can you share your interesting experience with me Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Bin
五、话题佳句背记
1.It is high time for us to take steps to protect the environment.
到了我们应该采取措施来保护环境的时候了。
2.The terrible pollution has done great harm to us as well as to the environment.
可怕的污染已经给我们自己还有我们的环境带来了很大的危害。
3.The number of plants and animals on the earth is becoming smaller and smaller.
地球上的植物和动物的数量正变得越来越少。
4.We believe as long as we take action immediately, we will live in harmony with wildlife.
我们相信，只要我们马上行动起来，我们就可以和野生动植物和谐相处。
5.Air and water are being polluted so that the environment where animals live is destroyed.
空气和水正受到污染，所以动物生存的环境被破坏。
人与自然
话题十六 自然生态、环境保护及灾害防范
第一部分 话题基础梳理
话题佳句积累
（一）自然生态
1．cool； and； cloudy
2．as； big； as
3．on； the； eastern； coast
4．Of； all； the； mountains
（二）环境保护
5．throwing； litter
6．save； electricity
7．cause； pollution
8．collects； waste
9．healthy； environment
10．better； than
（三）灾害防范
11．from； time； to； time
12．stops； shaking
13．happen； suddenly
句型总结与演练
1．Protecting the environment is as important as developing economy.
2．Although it takes much time to walk to school, it's a good way to protect the environment.
第二部分 话题多角度训练
一、听短文，填信息
1．depends
2．closely
3．helpful
4．own
5．bike
二、完形填空
1．A 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．C 10．B
【话题好句积累】
We can't stop them, but we must protect ourselves from them.
【写作句型积累】
1； It is the first time that+sb./sth.+have/has done sth.
三、选词填空
1．how
2．nothing
3．requires
4．weekend
5．pleasure
6．person
7．sound
8．practice
9．amazing
10．finally
【话题好句积累】
1．Spring is my favourite season.
2．Therefore, farmers have to compete with time to sow seeds.
【写作句型积累】
not only come to realise…，but also…
第三部分 话题能力提升——读写综合
一、阅读导入
1．A 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．A
【多角度设问】
1．We should make quick and strong decisions.
2．The writer may talk about the ways to protect the environment.
【话题好句积累】
1．But this is not the only problem people are facing.
2．Among all the environmental problems, climate change sits at the top.
3．Thanks to Earth, we have fresh air to breathe, clean water to drink and warm sunshine to enjoy.
【写作句型训练】
That's because we plant trees on hills every year.
二、写作指导
（二）话题写作
第一步：谋篇布局
1．第一人称； 一般现在时
第二步：理清思路，写好句子
【主体】
2．useful methods
3．make a big difference
第三步：连句成篇，写作迁移，并增添适当的过渡词
First of all； What's more
第四步：检查作文，美化语句
1．It not only helps to keep the balance of nature, but also helps to make sure that we have clean air, water, and soil.
2．It's better to start by reducing waste, recycling, and reusing things.
（三）迁移训练
一般现在时、一般将来时； 第一人称； Nowadays, environmental problems are becoming serious. People had a habit of littering, which has led to the pollution of the river. Even the bottom of the river is full of rubbish. We must take action to protect the environment where we live.； As for me, I can try to save energy and electricity, such as turning off the light in time. What's more, I advise taking the subway or bus instead of riding in cars. Last but not least, it's of great importance to stop using plastic bags and chopsticks.； If everyone can play a part in protecting the environment from now on, it will greatly change the situation and our home would become more beautiful.
三、话题写作多角度命题训练——审题训练（参考范文见答案）
命题角度：河域保护
第一人称； 一般现在时； Protect the Yellow River； Dear students,； The Yellow River is known as China's “mother river”. It is the second longest river in our country and runs through many cities.； However, the Yellow River is in a poor situation now. The water and soil loss is very serious. The water is badly polluted. So it's important for us to protect it.； First of all, we should stop fishing. Secondly, our government must make laws to protect our“mother river”. Thirdly, we should plant more trees on both sides of the river because it can stay in good condition that way. And we should never throw rubbish into the river.； Let's work together and protect our beautiful “mother river”! Together, we can make a big difference!
