专项04　数词（含答案） 学案 2025年中考人教版英语语法专项复习

专项四　数　词
河北中考考情分析
　　河北近六年的中考真题在单项选择部分并没有涉及对数词的考查,但在听力部分和词语运用部分考查较多。听力部分主要考查数词的基本用法和读法,词语运用部分主要考查基数词和序数词的相互转化。预计2025年河北中考对数词的考查仍以听力和短文填空为主。近六年考查频次及分值如下表:
考查点 年份 题号 考查角度 考题设置 分值
数词 2024 77 基数词变序数词 five→fifth 1分
2023 80 基数词变序数词 nine→ninth 1分
2024 79 基数词变序数词 one→first 1分
2023 80 基数词变序数词 eight→eighth 1分
2023 80 基数词变序数词 one→first 1分
2024 71 基数词变序数词 two→second 1分
用所给词的正确形式填空
(2024·河北)Lin Fang was the 　　　　(five) one in it.
(2023·河北)Now I am in the 　　　　(nine) grade, and I’m leaving school.
(2024·河北)It was my 　　　　(one) time to see such a cake.
(2023·河北)This is the 　　　　(eight) time we have beaten them.
(2023·河北)That was the 　　　　(one) time I had learnt to make dumplings. It was enjoyable!
(2024·河北)I got to know David on the 　　　　(two) day of middle school.
考点一　基数词的构成与用法
基数词的构成
范围 构成特点 例词
1~12 独立的单词,有各自的形式 one, two, three, four,five, six, seven, eight,nine, ten, eleven, twelve
13~19 以-teen结尾 thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen
20~90 的整十数 以-ty结尾 twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety
21~29及 其他相邻 整十数之 间 由整十数20和1~9构成,其他相邻整十数之间的基数词照此类推,中间加连字符“-” 36:thirty-six 58: fifty-eight 83: eighty-three
101~999 由百位数加and或不加,再加整十数和一位数构成 365: three hundred (and) sixty-five 782: seven hundred (and) eighty-two
1 000 以上 从右向左用分节号“,”分节,每三个数字为一节,第一个分节号前用thousand(千),第二个分节号前用million(百万),第三个分节号前用billion(十亿) 2,418,000,000:two billion, four hundred and eighteen million
基数词的用法
基本用法 示例
表示数量 Tom has five apples.汤姆有五个苹果。
表示 编号 基数词放在名词后面 Lesson One=the first lesson第一课
No.+基数词 Bus No.6 6路公交车
表示 时间 表示整点用基数词加o’clock,o’clock可省略 It’s two o’clock.现在是两点钟。
表示几点几分,与汉语顺序相同 four twenty-five 4点25分
如果分钟数小于或等于30,在分钟后加past,再加小时,表示几点过几分 twenty past five 5:20(五点过二十分钟) half past eight八点半
如果分钟数大于30,要用to来表示差几分到几点 five to six 5:55(差五分钟到六点)
表示年代、年份,在阿拉伯数字后加s 1830s=the eighteen thirties 19世纪30年代
表示长、宽、高等,用“基数词+单位词(meter/foot/inch等)+形容词(long/wide/high等)”结构,或者用“基数词+单位词+in+名词(length/width/height/weight等)”结构 two meters long =two meters in length 2米长 four feet high=four feet in height 4英尺高
表示不确切的岁数时,常用“in+one’s+几十的复数形式” in his forties在他40多岁时
表示时间、距离时,用含有基数词的单位名词的所有格形式作定语 five minutes’ walk 步行五分钟(的路程) three kilometers’ distance 三千米的距离
“基数词+名词(+形容词)”复合结构作定语时,其中名词用单数形式,各部分间需用连字符“-”来连接 a fifteen-year-old boy一个15岁的男孩
表示倍数,两倍用twice,三或三以上的倍数用“基数词+times”。常用来表示“倍数”的结构有:倍数+size/weight/height/depth/width/length/age of...;倍数+比较级+than...;倍数+as...as... My house is three times the size of theirs.我的房子是他们的三倍大。 I am twice older than you.我的年龄是你的两倍。 This factory is four times as big as that one.这个工厂是那个工厂的四倍大。
“another+基数词+可数名词”或“基数词+more+可数名词”表示在已有的基础上再增加一定的数量 My father will stay in Shanghai for another two weeks. = My father will stay in Shanghai for two more weeks.我爸爸将在上海再待两周。
hundred/thousand/million/billion前用基数词时,这些词词尾不加“s”,表示确切的数字;表示数量不准确时,这些词词尾加“s”,并与of连用 two hundred两百 ten thousand一万 hundreds of数百 thousands of成千上万 millions of数百万
—China is a great country with a history of about five 　　　　years.
—Yes.And 　　　　of foreigners come to visit it every year.(thousand)
My aunt became a nurse in her 　　　　(twenty) and she still loves her job now.
Our hometown is becoming more and more beautiful.　　　　(hundred) of visitors come here on weekends.
She was born on February 　　　　,and she has celebrated 　　　　birthdays since her birth.(five)
他们准备在上海待一个半小时。
They plan to stay in Shanghai for 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　hours.
我在七年级二班。
I’m in , .
白求恩医生在20世纪30年代帮助了很多中国人。
Dr.Bethune helped lots of Chinese 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.
我家门前的这条河有100米长。
The river in front of my house is 　　　　 　　　　long.
考点二　序数词的构成与用法
序数词的构成
范围 构成特点 例词
1~3 独立的单词,有各自的形式 first, second, third
4~19 由对应的基数词加后缀-th fourth, tenth, eleventh, sixteenth
20~90 的整 十数 将对应基数词词尾的y变为i,再加-eth thirtieth, sixtieth, eightieth, ninetieth
20~90 的非整 十数 十位数用基数词,个位数用相应的序数词,十位数与个位数之间用连字符相连 forty-third, twenty-first, fifty-sixth
100以上 基数词结尾部分变为序数词 eight hundredth
【注意】序数词中的不规则拼写有first(第一),second(第二),third(第三),fifth(第五), eighth(第八), ninth(第九), twelfth(第十二)。
序数词的用法
基本用法 示例
“the+序数词”表示顺序,但如果序数词前有形容词性物主代词、名词所有格等限定词,the要省略 the first day第一天 my second book我的第二本书
表示日期 on October 25th在10月25日
表示编号 the fifth picture=Picture Five第五幅画
“a/an+序数词”表示“又一,再一” I will try a second time.我将再试一次。
I’m planning to buy a gift for my mother’s 　　　　(forty-one) birthday.
I have been to Hunan three times.And I would like to visit it a 　　　　(four) time.
My grandparents live in an old apartment with 　　　　floors and they live on the 　　　　
floor.(five)
It’s my 　　　　(one) time to visit Mount Tai.
The summer vacation after the 　　　　(nine) grade is quite long,so Harry plans to go to a basketball camp.
He was one of the finest writers of the 　　　　(twenty) century.
They are busy organizing their 　　　　(twelve) School Day.
In the sports meeting,she came 　　　　(three) in the 200 meters.
I’ve already had one cup,and I’m drinking the 　　　　(two)cup.
—Which month of the year do you like best
—July,the 　　　　(seven) month.
考点三　分数、百分数的用法
分数的用法
　　表示分数时的规律:分子用基数词,分母用序数词;分子大于一,分母加-s,中间连字符有无均可。
如:one third/one-third 1/3
four sevenths/four-sevenths 4/7
【注意】对分数的考查主要是分数的写法,大小比较及主语中有分数时谓语动词的单复数(取决于分数后的名词)。
如:One third of the students do well in English in our class.我们班里有三分之一的学生擅长英语。
About three quarters of the earth is covered with water.地球大约有四分之三的部分被水覆盖。
百分数的用法
　　表示百分数,用“基数词+percent”结构。如:
fifty percent 50%　forty-six percent 46%
Tom was angry because Jerry ate two (three) of his nine apples secretly.Now he had only three left.
Nowadays,a number of people like using phones,and about four 　　　　(five) of them are adults.
About one third of the coffee 　　　　(be) poured onto his shirt yesterday.
About three (seven) of my classmates help their parents do housework on weekends.
Twenty percent of the students in our school 　　　　(be) from the countryside.
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空
Father’s Day is on the 　　　　(three) Sunday in June. Remember to show love to your father.
My uncle lives in a town,　　　　(fifteenth) kilometers from Yangzhou.
Different activities were held to celebrate the 　　　　(hundred) birthday of the Communist Youth League of China in 2024.
Wendy once spent a year in Los Angeles for further study in her 　　　　(forty).
Look at the photo! The 　　　　(nine) boy from the right is my best friend.
Ⅱ.根据汉语意思完成句子
我们班三分之二的学生都读完这本书了。
　　　　 　　　　 　　　　the students in our class have finished reading the book.
打扰了,我还要问两个问题。
Excuse me,I have 　　　　 　　　　questions to ask.
我们有五场球赛,足球比赛是在12月的第二天。
We have 　　　　ball games,and the soccer game is on 　　　　 　　　　day of December.　
这条河有500米长。
The river is 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.　
数以百计的人聚集在车站。
　　　　 　　　　people get together at the station.
露西现在十二岁了。今天是她十二岁生日。
Lucy is 　　　　years old now.Today is her 　　　　birthday.
去听这场音乐会的歌迷大约有三千人。
The number of the fans going to this concert is about 　　　　 　　　　.
Ⅲ.短文填空
　　Today is the 1.　　　　(five) day of the new term. It was raining when I was 2.　　　　 the way home after school. 3.　　　　(lucky), I took my umbrella. When I passed a corner near my house, I saw 4.　　　　 old man. He was carrying an umbrella and a basket of apples. Suddenly, I 5.　　　　
(hear) a cry, “Help!” Then I saw the old man was 6.　　　　(fall) down and the apples were dropping on the ground. I helped 7.　　　　(he) stand up right away, and picked up the apples. After that, I sent the old man to his house. When we arrived at his home, my 8.　　　　(foot) were both wet in the rain. He said,“Many thanks for your kindness! You are such a 9.　　 　　(help) boy!”I was very happy
10.　　　　 I helped someone in need.
【详解答案】
河北中考·真题体验
1.fifth　2.ninth　3.first　4.eighth
5.first　6.second
语法专项·考点过关
专项精讲
考点一:
针对训练
1.thousand;thousands　2.twenties
3.Hundreds　4.fifth;five　5.one and a half　6.Class Two;Grade Seven　7.in the 1930s　8.100 meters
考点二:
针对训练
1.forty-first　2.fourth　3.five;fifth
4.first　5.ninth　6.twentieth
7.twelfth　8.third　9.second
10.seventh
考点三:
针对训练
1.thirds　2.fifths　3.was　4.sevenths　5.are
专项精练
Ⅰ.1.third　2.fifteen　3.hundredth
4.forties　5.ninth
Ⅱ.1.Two thirds of
2.two more/another two
3.five;the second
4.five hundred meters long
5.Hundreds of
6.twelve;twelfth
7.three thousand
Ⅲ.1.fifth　2.on　3.Luckily　4.an
5.heard　6.falling　7.him　8.feet
9.helpful　10.because