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知识过关第1讲 词汇
【Starter】
一、ready的用法
1.作形容词,意为“准备好的”,用法如下:
1).be ready to do sth.准备好(做某事);愿意(做某事)
e.g. We are ready to go .
2)be ready for...为……做好准备
e.g. We are getting ready for the party.
二、join 与 join in 辨析
1)join作动词,意为“参加;加入”,表示加入某党派、组织或社会团体并成为其中一员，也可以指加入某(些)人中
e.g.He wants to join the English club.
他想加入英语俱乐部。
2)join in动副词组，表示参加正在进行着的、小规模的活动,如比赛、游戏等
e.g.Can I join in the game
我可以参加这个游戏吗
三、enjoy的用法
1）作及物动词，意为"享受…..的乐趣;喜欢"
2）后接者间或代词,意为“喜欢.…"
Do you enjoy the film 你喜欢这部电影吗
3）后接动词ing形式,enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事
I enjoy listening to light music.我喜欢听轻音乐
4）后接反身代司.enjoy oneself=have a good time-have fum,意为"玩得高兴”
We all enjoyed ourselves at the party.
我们都在聚会上玩得很开心。
四、need的用法
1）need 作实义动词时,意为“需要”,此时need有人称和数的变化
2）need+名词/代词需要...
e.g. We need your help.
我们需要你的帮助。
3）need to do sth.需要做某事
e.g. Yo 'need to tell him the truth.你需要告诉他真相。
4）need sb.to do sth.需要某人做某事
We need Mary to help us我们需要玛丽来帮助我们。
五、and but or 辨析
1）and意为"和;又",用来表示并列关系,可用于连接对等成分的单词、短语或句子.表示意思的顺延或增补
e.g. Our maths teacher is kind and helpful.我们的数学老师和蔼可亲并且乐于助人
2)but意为"但是”,表示转折关系,所连接的成分意思相反或相对
He likes watching football games on TV.but he can't play it.
他喜欢在电视上观看足球比赛,但是他不会踢足球。
3)or意为"或者",表示选择关系
Which do you prefer , juice or cola 果汁
和可乐,你更喜欢哪个
【Unit 1】
一、remember的用法
1）remember 作动词，意为“记住;记得”
2）remember+名词/代词 记得/记住.
e.g. Sorry, I don't remember your name.
对不起,我不记得你的名字。
3) remember to do sth.记得去做某事(该动作尚未发生)
e.g. Remember to do the dishes after finishing your homework.
做完你的作业后记得去洗餐具。
4) remember doing sth.记得做过某事(该动作已经发生)
e.g. I still remember seeing Grace dance for the first time,
我仍记得第一次看到格蕾丝跳舞
二、advice 及相关用法
1）作名词时，不可数。
搭配：a piece of advice一条建议
give sb. advice = give advice to sb.给某人提建议
take/follow/accept sb.'s advice接受某人的建议
ask for advice 征求建议
2）动词形式为advise
advise sb. about/on.关于……给某人建议
advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事
advise+that从句,从句要用(should+)动词原形
三、through 与 by辨析
1)through表示“(从事物内部)穿过”
The thief got in through the window，这个小偷是从窗户里进来的
2）by表示"通过….方式/途
She goes to school by subway every day.她每天乘地铁上学。
四、"It's+ adj.(+for/of sb. )+to do sth."做某事是....的句型用法
1）lt's+adj.+for sb.+to do sth."对某人来说做某事是.的"
It's difficult for us to finish the work.
对我们来说完成这项工作很困难。
2）It's+adj,+of'sb.+to do sth“某人做某事是……的"
It's very kind of you to help me with my English!
你帮助我学习英语真是太好了!
五、other , the other, others, the others与another 辨析
1）other作形容词,意为“别的;其他的",其后接可数名词的复数形式或不可数名词
2）the other意为“其他;另一个”,指两者中的另一个,常与one连用，构成“one... the other .….",
意为"一个……另一个……”
3）others意为“其他的人或事物”,表示泛指,作代词,后不加名词
4）he others意为“其余的人或事物”,表示特指,指一定范围内除去某些人或事物后剩下的全部
5）another可作代词或限定词，意为“又一(的);再一(的)”,泛指三个或三个以上同类事物的另一个
六、hope的用法
1）hope 作动词时，意为“希望，期望,指望”
2）作名词时,意为“希望”,为不可数名词
搭配：
1）hope to do sth.希望做某事
He hopes to write a book about his experiences one day.
他希望有一天写一本关于自己经历的书。
2）hope+that从旬希望..
3）注意:在简略回答中,其后可接so或not
如:
I hope that we get there in time,我希望我们及时到达那里。
-We can speak again later.我们可以稍后再谈。
I hope so.希望如此。
【Unit2】
一、“Why don't we/you... "等提建议的句型在英语中,表示提建议的常用表达有:
1）Why don't we/you dosth. ”相当于“Why not do sth. "我们/你/你们为什么不做某事呢
例句：
Why don't you talk to your parents
Why not talk to your parents
你为什么不和你父母谈一谈呢
2）What How about (doing)sth. (做)某事怎么样/怎么吗
例句：
What/ How about having dinner with me
和我一起去吃晚饭好吗
3）Let's do sth. 让我们做某事吧。
Let's make a birthday card for her.
让我们给她制作一张生日贺卡吧。
二、practice 的用法
1)作名词,意为"练习”
It takes a lot of practice to play the violin practice well.
拉好小提琴需要大量的练习
2)作动词,意为“练习",常接名词或v.-ing
This boy practices playing the guitar every day.
这个男孩每天练习弹吉他。
三、interest , interesting与interested辨析
1）interest作名词，意为“兴趣”
Jack has no interest in reading books.
杰克对看书没有兴趣。
2）interesting作形容词,意为“有趣的”,表示事物的性质或特征
This is an interesting story.这是一个有趣的故事.
3）作形容词,意为“感兴趣的”,表示人的主观感受
He is interested in music.他对音乐感
四、few ,a few , little 与a little 辨析
功能 意义 修饰不可数名词 修饰可数名词
表肯定含义 a little(少量的) a few(几个，一些)
例句 There is a little water in the glass.玻璃杯里有一点儿水。 She has a few apples.她有几个苹果。
表否定含义 little(不多;稍许;略微) few(不多,很少)
例句 There is little water in the glass.玻璃杯里几乎没有水。 She has few apples.她几乎没有苹果。
【Unit 3】
一、strict的用法
1、意为"严格的;严厉的",
2、搭配：
1）be strict with sb.对某人要求严厉
My father is strict with me.
我的父亲对我要求严厉。
2）be strict in/about sth.对某事要求严格
The old policeman is strict in/about his work,
这位老警察对待工作很严格。
二、serve 的用法
1、serve (sb.)as sth,表示“为(某人)工作，(尤指)当佣人”
He served as a gardener and driver.
他做园艺工人兼司机。
2、serve 还可表示“供职，服役”
He serves his country well.他为国尽职。
3、serve sth. to sb.表示“给某人提供某物”
Four waiters served lunch to us.
四位服务员招待我们吃午饭。
三、carry,take 与bring辨析
1、carry作动词,无方向性,含“负重”之意,一般指随身携带,如手提、肩扛等
The wounded soldiers were carried away.
伤兵被运走了。
2、作动词,意为“拿走;取”,指把人或物从说话人所在的地方带到别处去
Take an umbrella with you,please.
请随身带把伞
3、bring作动词,意为“带来;拿来”,指把人或物从别处带到说话人所在的地方
Please bring the homework to me tomorrow.
明天请把作业给我带来。
四、across 与 through辨析
1、across介词表示从物体表面穿过，如穿过street,road, playground,sky等
There's a way across the fields.
有一条路穿过田地。
2、through介词表示从物体内部穿过，如穿过forest,window,cave等
He has to lower his head to get through the door.
他得低头才能通过这道门。
五、finish 的用法
1、作不及物动词时，意为"完成;做好”
When does your school finish
你们什么时候放学
2.作及物动词时，意为"完成;(使)结束”,后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语
1 must finish reading the book today,我
今天必须读完这本书。
六、matter 的用法
1、作名词,意为“事情;问题"
We have more important matters to think about.
2、作动词,意为“要紧;有关系”
我们有更重要的事情要考虑。
It doesn't matter to me what you do.
你做什么我都无所谓。
七、feel like 的用法
1、表示“想要做某事”后接动词-ing形式
Do you feel like having a cup of coffee
你想喝杯咖啡吗
2、表示“对某事物的感觉或印象”，后常接名词或从句
It feels like spring already.
感觉好像已经是春天了。
八、each 与 every 辨析
1、each表示“两者或两者以上中的每一个”,侧重整体中的个体。既可作形容词,又可作代词(可单独使用，也可与of连用)
There are flowers on each side of the road.道路的两边都有花。
2、every表示“三者或三者以上中的每一个”,侧重整体。
every是限定词，只能作定语，不可单独使用，也不可直接与of连用
He goes to school by bus everyday.他每天乘公交车去上学。
【Unit4】
一、joke的用法
(1)joke作不及物动词,意为“说笑话:开玩笑”:joke也可作名词,意为“笑话;玩笑”。
He likes joking, but he doesn't do well in telling jokes.
他喜欢开玩笑,但是他不擅长讲笑话。
(2)含有joke的常见短语有:play a joke on sb.开某人的玩笑;make a joke of sth.拿某事开玩笑
Everyone may play a joke on others on April Fool's Day.
在愚人节每个人都可能开别人的玩笑。
It's an important question. Don't make a joke of it.
这是一个重要的问题。不要拿它开玩笑。
二、fill 与full 辨析
1、fill作动词,意为“填满;充满”。
常用搭配:be filled with充满;满是
Our life is always filled with challenges.
我们的生活总是充满挑战。
2、full作形容词,意为“满是……的;充满的”。
常用搭配: be full of充满:满是
The garden is full of green grass and wonderful flowers.
花园里长满了绿草和美丽的花朵。
三、miss 的用法
1、作动词，意为“思念”
l really miss my grandfather,我十分想念我的爷爷。
2、miss作动词，意为“错过:赶不上”
ou missed a good party last night.
你昨晚错过了一场极好的聚会。
You won't catch the bus if you get up late.
如果你起床晚了.你将赶不上公交车。
四、waste 的用法
1、作不可数名词,意为“废物;弃物;垃圾;废料”
The factory produces a lot of waste every day.
这家工厂每天产生很多废料。
2/作可数名词,通常指特定类型或形式的废物或浪费
Don't spend too much time watching short videos. It is a waste of time.
不要花太多时间看短视频。这是浪费时间.
3、作动词,意为“浪费;滥用”
Why waste money on clothes you don't need
为什么在你不需要的衣服上浪费钱呢
4、作形容词,意为“无用的;废弃的”
The waste land behind the hospital is very dirty.
医院后面的荒地很脏。
[拓展]waste time/money on sth.:在某事/物上浪费时间/金钱
waste time/money (in) doing sth,浪费时间/金钱做某事
五、regret 的用法
1、v.懊悔;感到遗憾
搭配：
1)regret +doing
Tom regrets eating too much ice cream.
汤姆后悔吃了太多冰激凌。
2)regret+n.
I really regret the result.
我对这个结果感到很遗憾。
2.n遗憾(不可数)
What is your regret 你的遗憾是什么
六、duty的用法
1、duty 作名词,意为“值班;职责”
用法：
1）on duty值班
My mother is not at home and she is on duty in the hospital.
我妈妈不在
家，她在医院值班。
2）It's one's duty to do sth.做某事是某人的职责
It's our duty to keep the classroom clean.
保持教室整洁是我们的职责。
【Unit 5】
一、surprise ,surprised与surprising辨析
（一）surprise 的用法
1、作可数名词,意为“意想不到的事”
I have a surprise for you!我要告诉你一件你意想不到的事!
2、作不可数名词,意为“惊讶;意外”
常用短语:
in surprise惊奇地，惊讶地;
to one's surprise使某人惊讶的是
To my surprise, Mr Smith can speak surprise Chinese perfectly.
令我惊讶的是，史密斯先生能说一口流利的中文.
3、作动词,意为“(使)吃惊”
The news surprises Mike.那则新闻使迈克吃惊。
（二）surprised的用法
1、作形容词,意为“感到惊讶的”,常用干修饰人
We are surprised at the surprising news.
我们对这则惊人的消息感到惊讶。
（三）surprising的用法
1、作形容词,意为“令人惊讶的”。常用于修饰物
There are many surprising facts about this house.
关干这所房子有许多令人惊讶的事实。
二、full 的用法
full作形容词，意为“完全的;满的;丰富的”,常用短语be full of 意为“充满……”;当主语为人时,意为“吃饱了的"。如:
Would you like anything else 你还想要什么别的吗
-No,thanks.I am full.不了,谢谢。我吃饱了。
This bottle is full of water.这个瓶子里装满了水。
三、die out, die of, die from 与die down辨析
1、die out灭绝,消失
This kind of animal died out because humans took away their home.
这种动物灭绝是因为人类夺走了它们的家园。
2、die of死于(疾病、衰老等自身原因)
About 400 people die of this disease a year,
每年约有400人死于这种疾病。
3、die from死于(环境造成的外部原因等)
In a bad year, people may die from hunger.
灾年里人们可能死于饥饿。
4、die down逐渐变弱;逐渐平息
The wind dies down in the afternoon.
下午风渐渐停了。
四、enough 的用法
(1)用作形容词，意为“足够的,充足的,充分的”,位于可数名词复数或不可数名词前。如:
Is there enough room for me
有足够的地方给我吗
(2)作副词，意为“足够地,充足地，充分地”,位于动词,形容词和副词之后，如:
Thus house isn't big enough for us.
这座房子对我们来说不够大。
五、knock at 与 knock around 辨析
1、knock at敲:击
A boy is knocking at the window.一个男孩在敲窗户。
2、knock around(在某处)悠闲地度过;闲逛;漫游
They knock around in the street at weekends.
他们周末在街上闲逛，
六、arrive 的用法
1、arrive 作不及物动词,意为“到达,抵达”。
1）arrive in后接城市或国家等大地点
I will arrive in Beijing next week.我下周将到达北京。
2）arrive at后接机场、旅店等小地点。
I arrive at the small village on a cold morning.我在一个寒冷的早晨到达那个小村庄。
2、arrive后面接地点副词here,there.home时,不需要接介词。
arrive home 到家
arrive here到这儿。
【Unit 6】
一、rise 与 raise 辨析
1、rise作不及物动词,意为“升起;增加:表示主语在位置上升高、数量或价值等方面增加，
上升”比如太阳的升起、价格的上涨,温度的上升等
The price of onions rised.
洋葱价格上涨了。
2、raise作及物动词,意为“举起;提高”主语通常是人，指人为地举起某物或提高数量、水
平等,比如举手、升国旗、提价等
The student wanted to answer the question, so she raised her right hand.
那个学生想要回答问题，所以她举起了右手。
二、though 的用法
(1)though可用作连词,意为“虽然,尽管”,引导让步状语从句。如:
Though it is raining, we go there by bus.
虽然正在下雨,但是我们乘公交车去了那里。
(2)though也可用作副词,一般位于句末,意为“可是,不过"。如:
It's hard work. I enjoy it though. 工作很辛苦,可我乐意干。
[拓展]
even though 即使
as though 好像,仿佛
三、rest 的用法
1、作不及物动词,意为“休息;放松”
I need to rest after a long day at work.
我在工作了一整天之后需要休息一下。
2、作及物动词,意为“使……休息，使….休养”
She closes her book and rests her eyes for a few minutes.
她合上书,让眼睛休息几分钟。
3、作名词,意为“休息时间;睡眠时间”
We need a rest from the work.我们需要从这份工作中休息一下。
4、作名词,意为“其余的人;剩余部分;其他”
What's the rest of the story 接下来的故事是什么
[拓展]take/have a rest休息一下
四、influence 的用法
1、作名词,意为“影响;作用”
This book has n strong influence on me.
这本书对我产生了巨大的影响。
2、作名词,意为“有影响的人(或事物)”
His first music teacher is an important influence in his life.
他的第一位音乐老师是他一生中对他影响非常大的人.
3、作动词，意为"影响;对……起作用”
We became good friends and he influenced me deeply.
我们成了好朋友,而且他深深地影响了我。
五、relax , relaxing 与relaxed辨析
1、relax作动词,意为“放松;(使)放松”
Just relax and enjoy the movie.就休息休息,看看电影吧。
2、relaxing作形容词,意为“令人放松的”
Cooking is relaxing.
烹饪很令人放松。
3、relaxed作形容词,意为“感到放松的:轻松的”
He is relaxed before the match.
比赛前他很放松。
六、connect 的用法
1、connect作动词时，可作及物动词或不及物动词，意为“连接,联系”,表示将两个或多个事物通过某种方式联系起来。如:
What connects them 他们之间有什么联系
2、常用搭配
1）、connect A to B表示将两者连接在一起,其中说话者以前者为主,后者为辅。
The upper town is connected to the lower town by cable car.
上城与下城由缆车相连。
2、connect A with B强调的是两者之间的联系或关系，不分主次。
This allows you to connect with the others.这可以让你和其他人联系起来。
3、connect的名词形式为connection,意为“联结，接通，连接”,后常接to,between或with。
There is an important connection between the language and the culture.
语言和文化之间有着重要的联系。
一、单项选择
1．We should pass on our traditional culture from one generation to _________.
A．the other B．others C．another D．other
2．—Why do people like festivals
—Because festivals can bring people a lot of _________ and happiness.
A．please B．pleasant C．pleasure D．pleased
3．—How often does Jim go fishing
—He ________ goes fishing. Maybe once or twice a year.
A．never B．often C．sometimes D．seldom
4．Do you believe that we can have an important influence ________ anyone we meet
A．in B．on C．with D．for
5．—________ he happy today
—No, I don’t think so. He ________ look happy because his mum is ill.
A．Is; isn’t B．Is; doesn’t C．Does; doesn’t D．Does; isn’t
6．It’s our duty ________ the earth because green mountains and clean water are true treasures.
A．protect B．protects C．protecting D．to protect
7．Our teacher often asks us ________.
A．not waste B．don’t waste C．not to waste
8．The teacher is strict ________ his students and ________ his work.
A．in; with B．with; in C．in; in D．with; with
9．Our teacher is very strict ________ us.
A．about B．with C．to D．for
10．His junior high school is not big _______ it’s very beautiful.
A．and B．or C．so D．but
11．My mother is busy _________ the house for the coming guests.
A．clean B．to clean C．cleaning D．cleaned
12．— You have worked for a long time! Why not ________ yourself
— Sounds good! how about watching a movie together It is ________.
A．relax; relaxing B．relaxed; relaxing C．relax; relaxed D．relaxes; relax
13．—Now our air gets fresher and fresher.
—China ________ much awareness（意识）to protect the environment so that the PM 2. 5 will not ________ any more.
A．rises, raise B．raises, rise C．raises, raise
14．He arrived ________ Beijing ________ the evening of July 27th.
A．in; at B．in; on C．at; in D．in; in
15．— The old man looks pale (苍白的). What’s wrong with him
— He can’t get ________ to eat, so he isn’t ________.
A．enough food; health enough B．enough food; healthy enough
C．food enough; healthily enough D．food enough; unhealthy enough
16．—Every year, many African children ________ hunger.
—What bad news! I think we should do something to help them.
A．die of B．die out C．die down D．die for
17．—What do you think of the guidebook Lonely Planet
—Oh, it is really a ________ one. You can always find the information you need while traveling.
A．useful B．peaceful C．careful D．thankful
18．We are tired after walking so long. Let’s ________.
A．take a rest B．have a picnic C．go for a walk D．go on a trip
19．We all felt ________ at the ________ result of the competition.
A．surprisingly, surprising B．surprisedly, surprising
C．surprised, surprising D．surprising, surprised
20．— I regret _________ you that you failed the math test.
–– I regret _________ to the teacher carefully. From now on, I won’t do that.
A．to tell; not to listen B．to tell; not listening
C．telling; not to listen D．telling; not listening
21．Now the streets __________ cars.
A．is full of B．is filled with C．are filled of D．are full of
22．Although we are good friends,it doesn't mean that you can ________ me all the time.
A．make jokes about B．laughing at
C．make a fun of D．playing tricks on
23．—Are ________ of you from the same class, Lily and David
—Yes, we are classmates.
A．both B．all C．each D．every
24．Kate feels terrible. She doesn’t feel like _________.
A．to eat anything B．eating anything C．anything to eat
25．—Thank you for replying to my e-mail and offering me so much advice!
—________. It’s just a piece of cake.
A．The same to you B．It doesn’t matter
C．That’s not the case D．Don’t mention it
26．When you finish ________ the book, please remember ________ it back on time (按时).
A．reading; giving B．reading; to give
C．to read; giving D．to read; to give
27．—Can a plane fly ________ the Atlantic Ocean
—Yes, but it needs to go ________ the clouds for hours.
A．through; across B．across; through C．across; across D．through; through
28．They are ________ some paintings to the art gallery for tomorrow’s exhibition. Let’s go and help them.
A．carrying B．taking C．bringing D．fetching
29．—Waiter, a glass of orange juice, please.
—Sorry. Orange juice ________ only for breakfast.
A．is served B．will serve C．serves
30．—Dad, I don’t want to go jogging. I want to stay at home.
—Come on, Jimmy! Jogging is ________ helpful for your health.
A．few B．a few C．little D．a little
31．I am ________ in reading different kinds of ________books.
A．interesting; interested B．interested; interested
C．interested; interesting D．interesting; interesting
32．Sam is a fan of sports and he often practices ________ with his friends after school.
A．play ping-pong B．playing ping-pong
C．to play ping-pong D．plays ping-pong
33．—I hope you ________ to my birthday party.
—OK, we will.
A．to come B．come C．comes D．coming
34．You can borrow my bike, but you mustn’t lend it to ________.
A．others B．other C．the other D．the others
35．She is better at English than ________ in her class.
A．any other student B．the other student
C．other students D．any student
36．— I’m not good at speaking English. What should I do, Larry
— I advise you ________ an English club.
A．joins B．joined C．joining D．to join
37．He gave us ________ on how to learn English.
A．an advice B．many advices C．some advice
38．—Tommy is planning to buy a car. And he has saved enough for ________ used one.
—I know. He has asked for ________ from one of bi s friends working in Audi 4S store.
A．a; lots of advices B．an; lots of advices
C．an; lots of advice D．a; lots of advice
39．Remember ________ the door when you leave the classroom.
A．close B．closing C．to close D．to closing
40．You need ________ more and watch ________ TV.
A．to exercise; little B．to exercise; less
C．to exercise; more D．exercising; less
41．Sasha really enjoys ________ shopping. Last week, she spent a whole afternoon ________ new bags, which totally shocked (震惊) her husband.
A．going; buying B．going; to buy
C．to go; buying D．to go; to buy
42．DongWenxin, a girl from Pucheng, _________ the National Women’s Water Polo team (女子水球队) and _________ the Hangzhou Asian Games.
A．took part in, joined B．joined, took part in C．joined, joined
43．—Are you ready ________ lunch
—Yes, I’m getting ready ________ lunch.
A．for; on B．on; for C．for; to have D．to have; on
44．Can you give me some ________ about Math learning
A．advices B．advice C．advise D．advises
45．You don't look ____. ____having a good rest
A．good; Why don't you B．well;Why not
C．well; What about D．good; How about
参考答案：
1．C
【详解】句意：我们应该把传统文化代代相传。
考查代词辨析。the other两者中的一个；others其他的人或物；another另一个；other其他的。根据“from one generation to”可知是从一代传到另一代，此处用another。故选C。
2．C
【详解】句意：——为什么人们喜欢节日？——因为节日可以给人们带来很多快乐和幸福。
考查名词的用法。please“使高兴”，动词；pleasant“令人愉快的”，形容词；pleasure“快乐”，名词；pleased“高兴的”，形容词。根据“a lot of…and happiness”可知，此处要用名词pleasure，作宾语。故选C。
3．D
【详解】句意：——吉姆多久去钓鱼一次？——他很少去钓鱼。也许一年一次或两次。
考查频度副词辨析。never从不；often时常；sometimes有时；seldom很少。根据“Maybe once or twice a year.”可知，此处表示吉姆很少去钓鱼。故选D。
4．B
【详解】句意：你相信我们能对我们遇到的任何人产生重要影响吗？
考查介词辨析。in在……里；on在……上，对；with和；for为了。have a/an…influence on…“对……有……的影响”，固定词组。故选B。
5．B
【详解】句意：——他今天高兴吗？——不，我不认为这样。他看起来不高兴，因为他的母亲生病了。
考查一般疑问句和否定句。第一个空，根据空后形容词“happy”可知，此句为含有be动词的一般疑问句，主语是he，be动词用is；第二个空是一般现在时的否定结构，主语he是第三人称单数形式，因此需要借助doesn’t加动词原形look。故选B。
6．D
【详解】句意：保护地球是我们的责任，因为青山绿水才是真正的财富。
考查非谓语动词。It’s our duty to do sth“做某事是我们的责任”，固定句型。故选D。
7．C
【详解】句意：我们的老师经常要求我们不要浪费。
考查不定式的否定。ask sb. not to do sth.“请某人不要做某事”，固定词组。故选C。
8．B
【详解】句意：这位老师对学生和作业都很严格。
考查介词词义辨析。in在……里；with和。be strict with sb.“对某人要求严格”，固定词组；be strict in sth. “对某事严格要求”，固定词组。故选B。
9．B
【详解】句意：我们的老师对我们非常严格。
考查介词辨析。about关于；with和；to到；for为了。be strict with sb.“对某人严格”，形容词短语。故选B。
10．D
【详解】句意：他的初中不大但是很漂亮。
考查连词辨析。and并且；or或者；so所以；but但是。根据空前后关系可知，空处表转折，需连词but。故选D。
11．C
【详解】句意：我妈妈正忙于为即将到来的客人打扫房子。
考查非谓语动词。be busy doing sth“忙于做某事”，所以空处用动名词形式，故选C。
12．A
【详解】句意：——你已经工作了很长时间！为什么不放松下你自己呢？——听上去很好！一起看电影怎么样？是令人放松。
考查单词辨析。relax动词，使……放松；relaxed形容词，感到放松的；relaxing形容词，令人放松的。第一空，根据“Why not”可知，why not do sth.，为什么不做某事，后面用动词原形，故填relax；第二空，根据“How about watching a movie together It is…”可知，看电影这件事情是令人放松的，故填relaxing。故选A。
13．B
【详解】句意：——现在我们的空气越来越新鲜了。——中国提高了保护环境的意识，这样pm2.5就不会再上升了。
考查动词辨析。raise提升，及物动词；rise上升，不及物动词。第一空后接名词awareness作宾语，应用及物动词raise。第二空不接任何宾语，应填不及物动词rise，故选B。
14．B
【详解】句意： 他于7月27日晚上到达北京。
考查动词短语和介词辨析。第一空是arrive+介词的用法，其中arrive in后加大地点，arrive at后跟小地点。Beijing是大地点，应用介词in，排除C；at后跟具体时刻；on后跟具体的某一天或某一天的上午、下午和晚上；in后跟某年某月某季节。根据“the evening of July 27th”可知，具体到某一天的晚上，应用介词on。故选B。
15．B
【详解】句意：——老人脸色苍白。他怎么了？——他吃不饱，所以身体不太好。
考查enough的用法。enough + 名词“足够的……”；形容词 + enough“足够……”。“food”是名词，用“enough food”；“is”后接形容词，用“healthy enough”。故选B。
16．A
【详解】句意：——每年都有许多非洲儿童死于饥饿。——多么坏的消息啊！我想我们应该做些什么来帮助他们。
考查动词短语，die of因……死，死于；die out灭绝；die down逐渐消失；die for渴望，切望。根据“many African children … hunger.”，可知应该是因为饥饿死亡，故选A。
17．A
【详解】句意：——你觉得《孤独星球》旅游指南怎么样？——哦，它真的很有用。旅行时你总能找到所需的信息。
考查形容词词义辨析。useful有用的；peaceful和平的；careful仔细的；thankful感谢的。根据“You can always find the information you need while traveling.”可知，这个旅游指南是有用的。故选A。
18．A
【详解】句意：走了这么长时间，我们累了。我们休息一下吧。
考查动词短语。take a rest休息；have a picnic去野餐；go for a walk散步；go on a trip去旅行。根据“We are tired after walking so long.”可知，走了这么长时间，我们累了，故应是休息一下。故选A。
19．C
【详解】句意：我们都对比赛令人惊讶的结果感到惊讶。
考查形容词辨析。surprised感到惊讶的，修饰人；surprising令人惊讶的，修饰事物；surprisingly出人意料地，副词。根据“We all felt”可知，felt后跟形容词作表语，且第一个空修饰人，所以应填surprised；第二空修饰“result of the competition”，指事物，应填surprising。故选C。
20．B
【详解】句意：——我遗憾地告诉你，你数学考试不及格。——我后悔上课没有认真听老师讲课。从现在开始，我不会那么做了。
考查非谓语动词。regret to do sth.遗憾去做某事；regret doing sth.后悔做了某事。根据“you failed the math test”可知，第一空是很遗憾告诉对方其数学考试不及格，应用不定式to tell；第二空表示后悔以前没用认真听老师讲课，应用regret listening ,否定形式为not listening。故选B。
21．D
【详解】句意：现在街上到处都是汽车。
考查形容词短语及主谓一致。be full of充满；be filled with充满；be filled of错误搭配。主语“the streets”是复数，be动词应用are，故选D。
22．A
【详解】句意：虽然我们是好朋友，但这并不意味着你可以一直拿我开玩笑。
考查短语辨析。make jokes about拿某人开玩笑；laughing at嘲笑；make a fun of错误表达，fun是不可数名词，前面不能加a；playing tricks on捉弄。根据“Although we are good friends,it doesn't mean that you can...me all the time.”可知，此处指的是“拿某人开玩笑”，情态动词can接动词原形，排除B和D，选项C表达错误，故选A。
23．A
【详解】句意：——莉莉和大卫，你们俩来自同一个班吗？——是的，我们是同班同学。
考查代词辨析。both两者都；all（三者或以上的）所有；each每个；every每个。根据“Lily and David”可知，此处是指两个人，所以用both，故选A。
24．B
【详解】句意：凯特感觉很糟糕。她不想吃任何东西。
考查动词短语。根据“Kate feels terrible. ”可知，她不想吃任何东西，fell like doing sth.“想要做某事”，此处要用动名词形式。故选B。
25．D
【详解】句意：——谢谢你回复我的邮件并给我提供了这么多建议！——不客气。这只是小菜一碟。
考查情景交际。The same to you同样祝福你；It doesn’t matter没关系；That’s not the case情况并非如此；Don’t mention it不用谢。根据“Thank you for replying to my e-mail and offering me so much advice!”可知，对方对回复邮件和提供建议表示感谢，所以此处使用“Don’t mention it”表示不必客气作为回应是合适的。故选D。
26．B
【详解】句意：当你读完这本书时，请记得按时还给我。
考查动名词和动词不定式。reading动名词；giving动名词；to give动词不定式；to read 动词不定式。finish doing sth意为“完成某事”，第一空应用动名词作宾语，排除C、D选项。remember to do sth意为“记得去做某事”，remember doing sth意为“记得做过某事”。结合语境可知，此处指的是“记得去还书”，应用不定式作宾语。故选B。
27．B
【详解】句意：——飞机能飞越大西洋吗？——是的，但它需要穿过云层几个小时。
考查介词辨析。through通过，强调从内部穿过；across穿过，强调从表面穿过。根据“Can a plane fly…the Atlantic Ocean”可知，此处指的是从表面穿过大西洋，应填across；根据“go…the clouds”可知，是从云层内部穿过，应填through。故选B。
28．A
【详解】句意：他们正在把一些画运到美术馆，准备明天的展览。让我们去帮助他们吧。
考查动词辨析。carrying运送；taking带走；bringing带来；fetching拿来。根据“some paintings to the art gallery”可知，此处指把画运到美术馆，故选A。
29．A
【详解】句意：——服务员，请给我一杯橙汁。 ——对不起。橙汁只在早餐时供应。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。分析句子结构可知，主语“Orange juice”和谓语动词serve“供应”之间是被供应关系，所以用被动语态；此处是陈述客观事实，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为am/is/are done；主语为第三人称单数，be动词用is，serve的过去分词为served。故选A。
30．D
【详解】句意：——爸爸，我不想去跑步。我想待在家里。——加油，吉米！慢跑对你的健康有一点帮助。
考查代词辨析。few很少，修饰可数名词复数，表示否定意义；a few一些，修饰可数名词复数，表示肯定意义；little一些，修饰不可数名词，表示否定意义；a little一些，修饰不可数名词或是形容词，表示肯定意义。根据“Jogging is…helpful for your health.”可知，慢跑对健康是有一些帮助的，所以排除A和C项，此处是修饰形容词helpful，应用a little。故选D。
31．C
【详解】句意：我对阅读各种有趣的书很感兴趣。
考查形容词辨析。interested感兴趣的；interesting有趣的。第一处修饰人，构成be interested in短语；第二处修饰物，用interesting。故选C。
32．B
【详解】句意：萨姆是个运动迷，放学后他经常和朋友们练习打乒乓球。
考查非谓语动词。practice doing sth.“练习做某事”，横线处填动名词形式。故选B。
33．B
【详解】句意：——我希望你来我的生日聚会。——好，我会的。
考查宾语从句。没有hope sb to do sth的用法，排除A项；分析句子，“I hope”后应为省略that的宾语从句，因此此空缺少谓语动词，从句时态为一般现在时，主语“you”为第二人称，动词用原形“come”即可。故选B。
34．A
【详解】句意：你可以借我的自行车，但不能把它借给别人。
考查不定代词。others其他人；other其他的，后常跟复数名词；the other两者中的另一个；the others特指剩余的全部。根据“You can borrow my bike, but you mustn’t lend it to”可知，不能把自行车借给其他人，没有特定范围限制，应用others。故选A。
35．A
【详解】句意：她的英语比班上任何其他学生都好。
考查比较级的用法。根据“in her class.”可知，主语在这个范围内，且是主语和除去主语以外的其他任何一个对象相比较，用“比较级+than any other+单数可数名词”结构。故选A。
36．D
【详解】句意：——Larry，我不擅长说英语。我应该做些什么？——我建议你加入一个英语俱乐部。
考查非谓语动词。根据“I advise you...”可知，此处表达“建议某人做某事”。advise sb. to do sth.“建议某人做某事”，这里是不定式to do作宾语补足语。故选D。
37．C
【详解】句意：他就如何学习英语给了我们一些建议。
考查不可数名词。分析题干及选项可知，advice“建议”，不可数名词，不能直接用不定冠词“an”或“many”修饰，也没有复数形式，排除A和B；some“一些”，可以修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词。故选C。
38．D
【详解】句意：——汤米正打算买一辆汽车。他存了足够的钱买辆二手车。——我知道。他向一位在奥迪4S店工作的朋友请教了很多建议。
考查不定冠词辨析与名词的数。根据“used”可知，此处为辅音音素开头的单词，前应用不定冠词a；advice“建议”，不可数名词。故选D。
39．C
【详解】句意：离开教室时记得关门。
考查非谓语动词。根据“the door when you leave the classroom.”可知，此处是提醒记得去做某事，应用remember to do sth.结构，表示事情还没有做，故选C。
40．B
【详解】句意：你需要多锻炼，少看电视。
考查动词短语。to exercise锻炼，不定式；exercising锻炼，现在分词；little一点；less更少；more更多。need to do sth.“需要做某事”，动词短语；and表示并列连接，因此第二个空处应用比较级，表达“少看电视”。故选B。
41．A
【详解】句意：萨莎真的很喜欢购物。上周，她花了一整个下午的时间买新包，这完全震惊了她的丈夫。
考查非谓语动词。enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事，固定短语，所以第一空应填going；spend some time doing sth.花费时间做某事，固定短语，所以第二空应填buying。故选A。
42．B
【详解】句意：来自浦城的女孩董文鑫加入了国家女子水球队，并参加了杭州亚运会。
考查动词辨析。join加入(某个组织或团体)；take part in参加(某个活动或比赛)。根据“the National Women’s Water Polo team (女子水球队) and...the Hangzhou Asian Games.”可知，要先加入队伍，再参加比赛。故选B。
43．C
【详解】句意：——你准备好吃午饭了吗？——是的，我正准备吃午饭。
考查固定搭配及非谓语动词。for为了；on在……上面。be/get ready for sth.“为某事做好准备”，第一空使用for；be/get ready to do sth.“准备好做某事”，第二空使用to have。故选C。
44．B
【详解】句意：你能给我一些关于数学学习的建议吗？
考查名词辨析。advices表达错误，不可数名词不能加s；advice建议，不可数名词；advise建议，动词原形；advises建议，第三人称单数形式。根据横线前“some”可知，some后跟可数名词复数或不可数名词，此处应该指的是一些建议，填入名词，advice“建议”，不可数名词。故选B。
45．C
【详解】句意：你看上去气色不好，为什么不好好休息一下呢？
考查形容词及how about用法。look good看上去不错，look well看上去健康；why don’t you为什么不，后接动词原形，why not为什么不，后接动词原形；what/how about后接doing，意为做某事怎么样。根据空二后的having a good time可知，空一处表示健康状况，应该用look well，意为看上去健康；根据空二后的having a good rest可知，此处应该用what/how about doing。故选C。
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
知识过关第1讲 词汇
【Starter】
一、ready的用法
1.作形容词,意为“准备好的”,用法如下:
1).be ready to do sth.准备好(做某事);愿意(做某事)
e.g. We are ready to go .
2)be ready for...为……做好准备
e.g. We are getting ready for the party.
二、join 与 join in 辨析
1)join作动词,意为“参加;加入”,表示加入某党派、组织或社会团体并成为其中一员，也可以指加入某(些)人中
e.g.He wants to join the English club.
他想加入英语俱乐部。
2)join in动副词组，表示参加正在进行着的、小规模的活动,如比赛、游戏等
e.g.Can I join in the game
我可以参加这个游戏吗
三、enjoy的用法
1）作及物动词，意为"享受…..的乐趣;喜欢"
2）后接者间或代词,意为“喜欢.…"
Do you enjoy the film 你喜欢这部电影吗
3）后接动词ing形式,enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事
I enjoy listening to light music.我喜欢听轻音乐
4）后接反身代司.enjoy oneself=have a good time-have fum,意为"玩得高兴”
We all enjoyed ourselves at the party.
我们都在聚会上玩得很开心。
四、need的用法
1）need 作实义动词时,意为“需要”,此时need有人称和数的变化
2）need+名词/代词需要...
e.g. We need your help.
我们需要你的帮助。
3）need to do sth.需要做某事
e.g. Yo 'need to tell him the truth.你需要告诉他真相。
4）need sb.to do sth.需要某人做某事
We need Mary to help us我们需要玛丽来帮助我们。
五、and but or 辨析
1）and意为"和;又",用来表示并列关系,可用于连接对等成分的单词、短语或句子.表示意思的顺延或增补
e.g. Our maths teacher is kind and helpful.我们的数学老师和蔼可亲并且乐于助人
2)but意为"但是”,表示转折关系,所连接的成分意思相反或相对
He likes watching football games on TV.but he can't play it.
他喜欢在电视上观看足球比赛,但是他不会踢足球。
3)or意为"或者",表示选择关系
Which do you prefer , juice or cola 果汁
和可乐,你更喜欢哪个
【Unit 1】
一、remember的用法
1）remember 作动词，意为“记住;记得”
2）remember+名词/代词 记得/记住.
e.g. Sorry, I don't remember your name.
对不起,我不记得你的名字。
3) remember to do sth.记得去做某事(该动作尚未发生)
e.g. Remember to do the dishes after finishing your homework.
做完你的作业后记得去洗餐具。
4) remember doing sth.记得做过某事(该动作已经发生)
e.g. I still remember seeing Grace dance for the first time,
我仍记得第一次看到格蕾丝跳舞
二、advice 及相关用法
1）作名词时，不可数。
搭配：a piece of advice一条建议
give sb. advice = give advice to sb.给某人提建议
take/follow/accept sb.'s advice接受某人的建议
ask for advice 征求建议
2）动词形式为advise
advise sb. about/on.关于……给某人建议
advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事
advise+that从句,从句要用(should+)动词原形
三、through 与 by辨析
1)through表示“(从事物内部)穿过”
The thief got in through the window，这个小偷是从窗户里进来的
2）by表示"通过….方式/途
She goes to school by subway every day.她每天乘地铁上学。
四、"It's+ adj.(+for/of sb. )+to do sth."做某事是....的句型用法
1）lt's+adj.+for sb.+to do sth."对某人来说做某事是.的"
It's difficult for us to finish the work.
对我们来说完成这项工作很困难。
2）It's+adj,+of'sb.+to do sth“某人做某事是……的"
It's very kind of you to help me with my English!
你帮助我学习英语真是太好了!
五、other , the other, others, the others与another 辨析
1）other作形容词,意为“别的;其他的",其后接可数名词的复数形式或不可数名词
2）the other意为“其他;另一个”,指两者中的另一个,常与one连用，构成“one... the other .….",
意为"一个……另一个……”
3）others意为“其他的人或事物”,表示泛指,作代词,后不加名词
4）he others意为“其余的人或事物”,表示特指,指一定范围内除去某些人或事物后剩下的全部
5）another可作代词或限定词，意为“又一(的);再一(的)”,泛指三个或三个以上同类事物的另一个
六、hope的用法
1）hope 作动词时，意为“希望，期望,指望”
2）作名词时,意为“希望”,为不可数名词
搭配：
1）hope to do sth.希望做某事
He hopes to write a book about his experiences one day.
他希望有一天写一本关于自己经历的书。
2）hope+that从旬希望..
3）注意:在简略回答中,其后可接so或not
如:
I hope that we get there in time,我希望我们及时到达那里。
-We can speak again later.我们可以稍后再谈。
I hope so.希望如此。
【Unit2】
一、“Why don't we/you... "等提建议的句型在英语中,表示提建议的常用表达有:
1）Why don't we/you dosth. ”相当于“Why not do sth. "我们/你/你们为什么不做某事呢
例句：
Why don't you talk to your parents
Why not talk to your parents
你为什么不和你父母谈一谈呢
2）What How about (doing)sth. (做)某事怎么样/怎么吗
例句：
What/ How about having dinner with me
和我一起去吃晚饭好吗
3）Let's do sth. 让我们做某事吧。
Let's make a birthday card for her.
让我们给她制作一张生日贺卡吧。
二、practice 的用法
1)作名词,意为"练习”
It takes a lot of practice to play the violin practice well.
拉好小提琴需要大量的练习
2)作动词,意为“练习",常接名词或v.-ing
This boy practices playing the guitar every day.
这个男孩每天练习弹吉他。
三、interest , interesting与interested辨析
1）interest作名词，意为“兴趣”
Jack has no interest in reading books.
杰克对看书没有兴趣。
2）interesting作形容词,意为“有趣的”,表示事物的性质或特征
This is an interesting story.这是一个有趣的故事.
3）作形容词,意为“感兴趣的”,表示人的主观感受
He is interested in music.他对音乐感
四、few ,a few , little 与a little 辨析
功能 意义 修饰不可数名词 修饰可数名词
表肯定含义 a little(少量的) a few(几个，一些)
例句 There is a little water in the glass.玻璃杯里有一点儿水。 She has a few apples.她有几个苹果。
表否定含义 little(不多;稍许;略微) few(不多,很少)
例句 There is little water in the glass.玻璃杯里几乎没有水。 She has few apples.她几乎没有苹果。
【Unit 3】
一、strict的用法
1、意为"严格的;严厉的",
2、搭配：
1）be strict with sb.对某人要求严厉
My father is strict with me.
我的父亲对我要求严厉。
2）be strict in/about sth.对某事要求严格
The old policeman is strict in/about his work,
这位老警察对待工作很严格。
二、serve 的用法
1、serve (sb.)as sth,表示“为(某人)工作，(尤指)当佣人”
He served as a gardener and driver.
他做园艺工人兼司机。
2、serve 还可表示“供职，服役”
He serves his country well.他为国尽职。
3、serve sth. to sb.表示“给某人提供某物”
Four waiters served lunch to us.
四位服务员招待我们吃午饭。
三、carry,take 与bring辨析
1、carry作动词,无方向性,含“负重”之意,一般指随身携带,如手提、肩扛等
The wounded soldiers were carried away.
伤兵被运走了。
2、作动词,意为“拿走;取”,指把人或物从说话人所在的地方带到别处去
Take an umbrella with you,please.
请随身带把伞
3、bring作动词,意为“带来;拿来”,指把人或物从别处带到说话人所在的地方
Please bring the homework to me tomorrow.
明天请把作业给我带来。
四、across 与 through辨析
1、across介词表示从物体表面穿过，如穿过street,road, playground,sky等
There's a way across the fields.
有一条路穿过田地。
2、through介词表示从物体内部穿过，如穿过forest,window,cave等
He has to lower his head to get through the door.
他得低头才能通过这道门。
五、finish 的用法
1、作不及物动词时，意为"完成;做好”
When does your school finish
你们什么时候放学
2.作及物动词时，意为"完成;(使)结束”,后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语
1 must finish reading the book today,我
今天必须读完这本书。
六、matter 的用法
1、作名词,意为“事情;问题"
We have more important matters to think about.
2、作动词,意为“要紧;有关系”
我们有更重要的事情要考虑。
It doesn't matter to me what you do.
你做什么我都无所谓。
七、feel like 的用法
1、表示“想要做某事”后接动词-ing形式
如:
Do you feel like having a cup of coffee
你想喝杯咖啡吗
2、表示“对某事物的感觉或印象”，后常接名词或从句
It feels like spring already.
感觉好像已经是春天了。
八、each 与 every 辨析
1、each表示“两者或两者以上中的每一个”,侧重整体中的个体。既可作形容词,又可作代词(可单独使用，也可与of连用)
There are flowers on each side of the road.道路的两边都有花。
2、every表示“三者或三者以上中的每一个”,侧重整体。
every是限定词，只能作定语，不可单独使用，也不可直接与of连用
He goes to school by bus everyday.他每天乘公交车去上学。
【Unit4】
一、joke的用法
(1)joke作不及物动词,意为“说笑话:开玩笑”:joke也可作名词,意为“笑话;玩笑”。
He likes joking, but he doesn't do well in telling jokes.
他喜欢开玩笑,但是他不擅长讲笑话。
(2)含有joke的常见短语有:play a joke on sb.开某人的玩笑;make a joke of sth.拿某事开玩笑
Everyone may play a joke on others on April Fool's Day.
在愚人节每个人都可能开别人的玩笑。
It's an important question. Don't make a joke of it.
这是一个重要的问题。不要拿它开玩笑。
二、fill 与full 辨析
1、fill作动词,意为“填满;充满”。
常用搭配:be filled with充满;满是
Our life is always filled with challenges.
我们的生活总是充满挑战。
2、full作形容词,意为“满是……的;充满的”。
常用搭配: be full of充满:满是
The garden is full of green grass and wonderful flowers.
花园里长满了绿草和美丽的花朵。
三、miss 的用法
1、作动词，意为“思念”
l really miss my grandfather,我十分想念我的爷爷。
2、miss作动词，意为“错过:赶不上”
ou missed a good party last night.
你昨晚错过了一场极好的聚会。
You won't catch the bus if you get up late.
如果你起床晚了.你将赶不上公交车。
四、waste 的用法
1、作不可数名词,意为“废物;弃物;垃圾;废料”
The factory produces a lot of waste every day.
这家工厂每天产生很多废料。
2/作可数名词,通常指特定类型或形式的废物或浪费
Don't spend too much time watching short videos. It is a waste of time.
不要花太多时间看短视频。这是浪费时间.
3、作动词,意为“浪费;滥用”
Why waste money on clothes you don't need
为什么在你不需要的衣服上浪费钱呢
4、作形容词,意为“无用的;废弃的”
The waste land behind the hospital is very dirty.
医院后面的荒地很脏。
[拓展]waste time/money on sth.:在某事/物上浪费时间/金钱
waste time/money (in) doing sth,浪费时间/金钱做某事
五、regret 的用法
1、v.懊悔;感到遗憾
搭配：
1)regret +doing
Tom regrets eating too much ice cream.
汤姆后悔吃了太多冰激凌。
2)regret+n.
I really regret the result.
我对这个结果感到很遗憾。
2.n遗憾(不可数)
What is your regret 你的遗憾是什么
六、duty的用法
1、duty 作名词,意为“值班;职责”
用法：
1）on duty值班
My mother is not at home and she is on duty in the hospital.
我妈妈不在
家，她在医院值班。
2）It's one's duty to do sth.做某事是某人的职责
It's our duty to keep the classroom clean.
保持教室整洁是我们的职责。
【Unit 5】
一、surprise ,surprised与surprising辨析
（一）surprise 的用法
1、作可数名词,意为“意想不到的事”
I have a surprise for you!我要告诉你一件你意想不到的事!
2、作不可数名词,意为“惊讶;意外”
常用短语:
in surprise惊奇地，惊讶地;
to one's surprise使某人惊讶的是
To my surprise, Mr Smith can speak surprise Chinese perfectly.
令我惊讶的是，史密斯先生能说一口流利的中文.
3、作动词,意为“(使)吃惊”
The news surprises Mike.那则新闻使迈克吃惊。
（二）surprised的用法
1、作形容词,意为“感到惊讶的”,常用干修饰人
We are surprised at the surprising news.
我们对这则惊人的消息感到惊讶。
（三）surprising的用法
1、作形容词,意为“令人惊讶的”。常用于修饰物
There are many surprising facts about this house.
关干这所房子有许多令人惊讶的事实。
二、full 的用法
full作形容词，意为“完全的;满的;丰富的”,常用短语be full of 意为“充满……”;当主语为人时,意为“吃饱了的"。如:
Would you like anything else 你还想要什么别的吗
-No,thanks.I am full.不了,谢谢。我吃饱了。
This bottle is full of water.这个瓶子里装满了水。
三、die out, die of, die from 与die down辨析
1、die out灭绝,消失
This kind of animal died out because humans took away their home.
这种动物灭绝是因为人类夺走了它们的家园。
2、die of死于(疾病、衰老等自身原因)
About 400 people die of this disease a year,
每年约有400人死于这种疾病。
3、die from死于(环境造成的外部原因等)
In a bad year, people may die from hunger.
灾年里人们可能死于饥饿。
4、die down逐渐变弱;逐渐平息
The wind dies down in the afternoon.
下午风渐渐停了。
四、enough 的用法
(1)用作形容词，意为“足够的,充足的,充分的”,位于可数名词复数或不可数名词前。如:
Is there enough room for me
有足够的地方给我吗
(2)作副词，意为“足够地,充足地，充分地”,位于动词,形容词和副词之后，如:
Thus house isn't big enough for us.
这座房子对我们来说不够大。
五、knock at 与 knock around 辨析
1、knock at敲:击
A boy is knocking at the window.一个男孩在敲窗户。
2、knock around(在某处)悠闲地度过;闲逛;漫游
They knock around in the street at weekends.
他们周末在街上闲逛，
六、arrive 的用法
1、arrive 作不及物动词,意为“到达,抵达”。
1）arrive in后接城市或国家等大地点
I will arrive in Beijing next week.我下周将到达北京。
2）arrive at后接机场、旅店等小地点。
I arrive at the small village on a cold morning.我在一个寒冷的早晨到达那个小村庄。
2、arrive后面接地点副词here,there.home时,不需要接介词。
arrive home 到家
arrive here到这儿。
【Unit 6】
一、rise 与 raise 辨析
1、rise作不及物动词,意为“升起;增加:表示主语在位置上升高、数量或价值等方面增加，
上升”比如太阳的升起、价格的上涨,温度的上升等
The price of onions rised.
洋葱价格上涨了。
2、raise作及物动词,意为“举起;提高”主语通常是人，指人为地举起某物或提高数量、水
平等,比如举手、升国旗、提价等
The student wanted to answer the question, so she raised her right hand.
那个学生想要回答问题，所以她举起了右手。
二、though 的用法
(1)though可用作连词,意为“虽然,尽管”,引导让步状语从句。如:
Though it is raining, we go there by bus.
虽然正在下雨,但是我们乘公交车去了那里。
(2)though也可用作副词,一般位于句末,意为“可是,不过"。如:
It's hard work. I enjoy it though. 工作很辛苦,可我乐意干。
[拓展]
even though 即使
as though 好像,仿佛
三、rest 的用法
1、作不及物动词,意为“休息;放松”
I need to rest after a long day at work.
我在工作了一整天之后需要休息一下。
2、作及物动词,意为“使……休息，使….休养”
She closes her book and rests her eyes for a few minutes.
她合上书,让眼睛休息几分钟。
3、作名词,意为“休息时间;睡眠时间”
We need a rest from the work.我们需要从这份工作中休息一下。
4、作名词,意为“其余的人;剩余部分;其他”
What's the rest of the story 接下来的故事是什么
[拓展]take/have a rest休息一下
四、influence 的用法
1、作名词,意为“影响;作用”
This book has n strong influence on me.
这本书对我产生了巨大的影响。
2、作名词,意为“有影响的人(或事物)”
His first music teacher is an important influence in his life.
他的第一位音乐老师是他一生中对他影响非常大的人.
3、作动词，意为"影响;对……起作用”
We became good friends and he influenced me deeply.
我们成了好朋友,而且他深深地影响了我。
五、relax , relaxing 与relaxed辨析
1、relax作动词,意为“放松;(使)放松”
Just relax and enjoy the movie.就休息休息,看看电影吧。
2、relaxing作形容词,意为“令人放松的”
Cooking is relaxing.
烹饪很令人放松。
3、relaxed作形容词,意为“感到放松的:轻松的”
He is relaxed before the match.
比赛前他很放松。
六、connect 的用法
1、connect作动词时，可作及物动词或不及物动词，意为“连接,联系”,表示将两个或多个事物通过某种方式联系起来。如:
What connects them 他们之间有什么联系
2、常用搭配
1）、connect A to B表示将两者连接在一起,其中说话者以前者为主,后者为辅。
The upper town is connected to the lower town by cable car.
上城与下城由缆车相连。
2、connect A with B强调的是两者之间的联系或关系，不分主次。
This allows you to connect with the others.这可以让你和其他人联系起来。
3、connect的名词形式为connection,意为“联结，接通，连接”,后常接to,between或with。
There is an important connection between the language and the culture.
语言和文化之间有着重要的联系。
一、单项选择
1．We should pass on our traditional culture from one generation to _________.
A．the other B．others C．another D．other
2．—Why do people like festivals
—Because festivals can bring people a lot of _________ and happiness.
A．please B．pleasant C．pleasure D．pleased
3．—How often does Jim go fishing
—He ________ goes fishing. Maybe once or twice a year.
A．never B．often C．sometimes D．seldom
4．Do you believe that we can have an important influence ________ anyone we meet
A．in B．on C．with D．for
5．—________ he happy today
—No, I don’t think so. He ________ look happy because his mum is ill.
A．Is; isn’t B．Is; doesn’t C．Does; doesn’t D．Does; isn’t
6．It’s our duty ________ the earth because green mountains and clean water are true treasures.
A．protect B．protects C．protecting D．to protect
7．Our teacher often asks us ________.
A．not waste B．don’t waste C．not to waste
8．The teacher is strict ________ his students and ________ his work.
A．in; with B．with; in C．in; in D．with; with
9．Our teacher is very strict ________ us.
A．about B．with C．to D．for
10．His junior high school is not big _______ it’s very beautiful.
A．and B．or C．so D．but
11．My mother is busy _________ the house for the coming guests.
A．clean B．to clean C．cleaning D．cleaned
12．— You have worked for a long time! Why not ________ yourself
— Sounds good! how about watching a movie together It is ________.
A．relax; relaxing B．relaxed; relaxing C．relax; relaxed D．relaxes; relax
13．—Now our air gets fresher and fresher.
—China ________ much awareness（意识）to protect the environment so that the PM 2. 5 will not ________ any more.
A．rises, raise B．raises, rise C．raises, raise
14．He arrived ________ Beijing ________ the evening of July 27th.
A．in; at B．in; on C．at; in D．in; in
15．— The old man looks pale (苍白的). What’s wrong with him
— He can’t get ________ to eat, so he isn’t ________.
A．enough food; health enough B．enough food; healthy enough
C．food enough; healthily enough D．food enough; unhealthy enough
16．—Every year, many African children ________ hunger.
—What bad news! I think we should do something to help them.
A．die of B．die out C．die down D．die for
17．—What do you think of the guidebook Lonely Planet
—Oh, it is really a ________ one. You can always find the information you need while traveling.
A．useful B．peaceful C．careful D．thankful
18．We are tired after walking so long. Let’s ________.
A．take a rest B．have a picnic C．go for a walk D．go on a trip
19．We all felt ________ at the ________ result of the competition.
A．surprisingly, surprising B．surprisedly, surprising
C．surprised, surprising D．surprising, surprised
20．— I regret _________ you that you failed the math test.
–– I regret _________ to the teacher carefully. From now on, I won’t do that.
A．to tell; not to listen B．to tell; not listening
C．telling; not to listen D．telling; not listening
21．Now the streets __________ cars.
A．is full of B．is filled with C．are filled of D．are full of
22．Although we are good friends,it doesn't mean that you can ________ me all the time.
A．make jokes about B．laughing at
C．make a fun of D．playing tricks on
23．—Are ________ of you from the same class, Lily and David
—Yes, we are classmates.
A．both B．all C．each D．every
24．Kate feels terrible. She doesn’t feel like _________.
A．to eat anything B．eating anything C．anything to eat
25．—Thank you for replying to my e-mail and offering me so much advice!
—________. It’s just a piece of cake.
A．The same to you B．It doesn’t matter
C．That’s not the case D．Don’t mention it
26．When you finish ________ the book, please remember ________ it back on time (按时).
A．reading; giving B．reading; to give
C．to read; giving D．to read; to give
27．—Can a plane fly ________ the Atlantic Ocean
—Yes, but it needs to go ________ the clouds for hours.
A．through; across B．across; through C．across; across D．through; through
28．They are ________ some paintings to the art gallery for tomorrow’s exhibition. Let’s go and help them.
A．carrying B．taking C．bringing D．fetching
29．—Waiter, a glass of orange juice, please.
—Sorry. Orange juice ________ only for breakfast.
A．is served B．will serve C．serves
30．—Dad, I don’t want to go jogging. I want to stay at home.
—Come on, Jimmy! Jogging is ________ helpful for your health.
A．few B．a few C．little D．a little
31．I am ________ in reading different kinds of ________books.
A．interesting; interested B．interested; interested
C．interested; interesting D．interesting; interesting
32．Sam is a fan of sports and he often practices ________ with his friends after school.
A．play ping-pong B．playing ping-pong
C．to play ping-pong D．plays ping-pong
33．—I hope you ________ to my birthday party.
—OK, we will.
A．to come B．come C．comes D．coming
34．You can borrow my bike, but you mustn’t lend it to ________.
A．others B．other C．the other D．the others
35．She is better at English than ________ in her class.
A．any other student B．the other student
C．other students D．any student
36．— I’m not good at speaking English. What should I do, Larry
— I advise you ________ an English club.
A．joins B．joined C．joining D．to join
37．He gave us ________ on how to learn English.
A．an advice B．many advices C．some advice
38．—Tommy is planning to buy a car. And he has saved enough for ________ used one.
—I know. He has asked for ________ from one of bi s friends working in Audi 4S store.
A．a; lots of advices B．an; lots of advices
C．an; lots of advice D．a; lots of advice
39．Remember ________ the door when you leave the classroom.
A．close B．closing C．to close D．to closing
40．You need ________ more and watch ________ TV.
A．to exercise; little B．to exercise; less
C．to exercise; more D．exercising; less
41．Sasha really enjoys ________ shopping. Last week, she spent a whole afternoon ________ new bags, which totally shocked (震惊) her husband.
A．going; buying B．going; to buy
C．to go; buying D．to go; to buy
42．DongWenxin, a girl from Pucheng, _________ the National Women’s Water Polo team (女子水球队) and _________ the Hangzhou Asian Games.
A．took part in, joined B．joined, took part in C．joined, joined
43．—Are you ready ________ lunch
—Yes, I’m getting ready ________ lunch.
A．for; on B．on; for C．for; to have D．to have; on
44．Can you give me some ________ about Math learning
A．advices B．advice C．advise D．advises
45．You don't look ____. ____having a good rest
A．good; Why don't you B．well;Why not
C．well; What about D．good; How about
