题型三 短文填空 2025年中考英语总复习（陕西）

题型三　短文填空
考题分析
2024 人与社会主题范畴下的科技与生活。本文主要介绍的是电子邮件是一种通过互联网发送消息的方式,比寄信更快捷更便宜,还说明了创建邮件地址的方式以及互联网的影响。考查了8个变形:形容词原级变比较级、代词主格变反身代词、名词变形容词、be动词变成was、名词单数变复数、名词变形容词、形容词变副词、动词原形变过去分词
2023 人与社会主题范畴下的人类发明与创新。本文主要讲述的是人类通过借鉴翠鸟的喙来解决高速列车出隧道时产生的“隧道音爆”问题。考查了8个变形:be动词变is、名词单数变复数、动词变名词、名词变形容词、动词变过去式、形容词变副词、名词变所有格、名词变形容词(加后缀-less)
2022 人与社会主题范畴下的对世界、国家、人民和社会进步有突出贡献的人物。本文主要讲述的是贾双登在14岁时成为一个聋人,但是通过他的努力,他获得了成功,之后他继续帮助需要帮助的人。考查了8个变形:代词主格变形容词性物主代词、形容词变副词、形容词加前缀un-、名词变所有格、名词变形容词、动词变过去式、much变最高级、be动词变成is
2021 人与自我主题范畴下的身心健康,抗挫能力,珍爱生命的意识。本文主要介绍的是Rick Hoyt虽然坐在轮椅上,但在父亲的陪伴下挑战自己和突破自己。考查了8个变形:代词主格变反身代词、动词变过去式、名词单数变复数、动词变动名词、名词变所有格、动词变第三人称单数形式、形容词变副词、名词加后缀-less
2020 人与社会主题范畴下的对世界、国家、人民和社会进步有突出贡献的人物。本文主要讲述了Rick Clay的运动生涯及他努力拼搏的精神。考查了8个变形:代词主格变反身代词、动词变过去分词、名词变复数、名词变所有格、副词变比较级、形容词变副词、动词变第三人称单数形式、be动词变成are
解题方法
【随堂练习】
【真题荟萃】
　　用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空,使短文完整正确。(每个单词限用一次,每空限填一个单词。)
A(2024·陕西)
play　be　tradition　send　you
rapid　cheap　need　 email　person
Email is a way of sending messages to other people through the Internet. It is much 1.　 　 and quicker than sending a letter. If you want to 2.　 　 emails, you need to create an email address for 3.　 　. This address is usually made up of letters and dots (点)and the symbol “@” (meaning “at”). This is what an address looks like: Jenny@ . When you email someone, type in (输入)this 4.　 　 email address, and then send your message on the Internet. Many people today don’t 5.　 　 to use stamps, envelopes or go to the post office since the Internet 6.　 　 invented. Quick and convenient—That’s the character of all 7.　 　! Ever since the birth of email, letters that are written and sent in the 8.　 　 way have received a special name—snail mail. Yet, technology is developing 9.　 　, and some other ways of online communication, such as WeChat in China, have 10.　 　 a more important part than email.
B(2023·陕西)
be　end　easy　bird　problem
develop　get　noise　high　offer
　　Nature is wonderful. It 11.　 　 our best teacher. It teaches us a lot and we are born to learn from it to solve 12.　 　. For example, scientists used what they saw in nature to improve our way of travelling. In days of high-speed train research and 13.　 　, scientists were once faced with a noise problem. The trains pushed air through tunnels at 14.　 　 speed. So, when a train came out of a tunnel, it could be very, very 15.　 　. However, kingfisher birds hardly make a sound when they get into lakes or rivers. Engineers 16.　 　 a clever idea. They changed the front of the trains to match the shape of the kingfisher. Then the air could 17.　 　 pass over the trains. The problem was solved!
The kingfisher 18.　 　 example is just one that we learned from nature. Scientists study the smart models that nature can 19.　 　. Then they use their wisdom (智慧) and imagination to design new products. Nature provides us with 20.　 　 possibilities to find wonderful ways to improve our lives. Learning from nature knows no bounds (永无止境) !
C(2022·陕西)
he　live　final　lucky　people
success　achieve　meet　much　be
　　In October 2021, a local newspaper told a story of a common man, Jia Shuangdeng. He 21.　 　 from Shaanxi Province. He not only works hard but has helped many deaf people 22.　 　 a better life as well.
At the age of 14, something 23.　 　 happened to Jia and turned him into a deaf person. Sad and heartbroken, he had to leave school and learned by 24.　 　 at home for more than two years. Later, with other 25.　 　 help, he cheered up and made a living by making shoes. He 26.　 　 many difficulties but he faced them bravely and kept on working hard. 27.　 　, his shoes became popular and sold well. After a few years, he started his own factory and it was 28.　 　. However, he didn’t forget those who had helped him. So he decided to help the people in need. These years, he has offered many deaf people chances to work.
What he did has benefited (有益于) lots of deaf people. “The person I want to thank 29.　 　 in my life is Mr. Jia. Thanks to him, I’ve got a good job and have a happy life now. He always tells us although we are disabled, we can also 30.　 　 our dreams by working hard,” said Xie Ting, who was helped by Jia.
【模拟演练】
　　用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空,使短文完整正确。(每个单词限用一次,每空限填一个单词。)
A
improve　be　one　rule　small
become　goal　report　real　start
How can we improve our action Here 1.　 　 a few important ways for becoming a person who takes an effective action.
Only a few people in the world are able to do many things 2.　 　 well at the same period without distraction (分心). So we don’t need to set too many 3.　 　 for ourselves. What we need to do is to set probable goals.
Most of the time, we find various reasons for putting off taking the 4.　 　 step. We can break down a large goal into goals that are much 5.　 　. Just like running a marathon, it is difficult, but 6.　 　 from 3 kilometers to develop a long-term training plan is easier, because an ordinary person can successfully complete a half-horse race in 3 months.
Many of us have heard of the 10,000 hour 7.　 　. It basically means that we can 8.　 　 experts at anything if we stick to it for 10,000 hours. Like a doorman, he has always been a doorman for decades. So the 10,000-hour rule should be properly understood as 10,000 hours of practicing on purpose. Each hour or period of time should reflect on the lessons that people learned and help people achieve 9.　 　 in the next hour or period. That’s how someone becomes an expert. For example, it was 10.　 　 that some security guards (保安) of universities made full use of the resources of the schools they worked in, and they ended up being admitted (接收) to different universities through purposeful self-study and putting in long hours of training during their free time during work.
I hope we can become better persons through keeping on sticking to these ways.
B
art　form　help　tradition　famous
include　place　main　one　world
Qin Opera, one of the oldest folk operas in China, is also known as “Bangzi” opera. It is popular in north
China’s Shaanxi Province, as well as other 11.　 　 in Northwest China, such as Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia and Xinjiang.
The opera 12.　 　 appeared in the form of local folk songs and dances in the Yellow River Valley of Shaanxi and Gansu provinces. According to historical records, it was 13.　 　 and developed in the Tang Dynasty. And it became widespread in the Qing Dynasty. It has been passed down through generations and continues to develop. Qin Opera is 14.　 　 for its energetic performances. The actors use their voices and body language to bring the stories to life. This can be 15.　 　 to the audience to feel the emotions and plots more easily. The music of Qin Opera is usually accompanied (伴奏) by suona and drums, which is different from the music of Beijing Opera.
Although Qin Opera is 16.　 　 popular in Shaanxi and other parts of China, it has also begun to gain popularity around the world. More and more people are becoming interested in Qin Opera and are eager to know more about this 17.　 　 form.
There are 13 kinds of characters in Qin Opera, 18.　 　 four kinds of sheng, six kinds of dan, two kinds of jing, and one kind of chou. It plays an important role in 19.　 　 Chinese culture.
Qin Opera is not only an important part of Chinese culture, but also a treasure of the 20.　 　 performing arts. Let’s continue to promote this wonderful art form so that more people can enjoy its charm.
C
they　high　divide　enjoy　difference
be　quick　show　health　memory
A recent study has found that housework might help adults to keep 21.　 　 into old age.
The study included 489 adults from Singapore. They were 22.　 　 into two groups: a younger group aged 21-64 and an older group aged 65-90.
A team of scientists asked them to complete some cognitive function (认知功能) tests and do some simple activities, such as standing up from a chair as 23.　 　 as they could. The team also asked them to report 24.　 　 levels of housework, including the number of heavy housework and light housework they did.
●Those in the older group who did heavy housework.
The results 25.　 　 that doing heavy housework improved mental* and physical health of older adults. For those doing lots of heavy housework, cognitive scores and attention scores were both 26.　 　 than the scores of those who did few of heavy tasks.
●Those in the older group who did light housework.
Those who did lots of light housework had better cognitive scores than those who did little of it. But they didn’t have better attention like those who did a lot of heavy housework. Instead, they had better 27.　 　. Light housework made little 28.　 　 to physical results, however.
●Those in the younger group.
For the younger group, there 29.　 　 no difference in mental or physical results, no matter how much housework they did.
Anyway, doing housework can be great exercise, which is good for your health. And you may 30.　 　 your life in your old age.
*The word “mental” is an adjective(adj.) and connected with or happening in the mind, involving the process of thinking.
【仿真作业】
题型三　短文填空
　　用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空,使短文完整正确。(每个单词限用一次,每空限填一个单词。)
A
happy　get　call　lose　although
many　we　include　leaf　future
I am a book lover. There are different kinds of books in my room. They bring me knowledge and 1.　 　. And they stop me from 2.　 　 my way in my life.
When I was young, my mother bought me a book 3.　 　 I Wonder Why. It 4.　 　 the knowledge of astronomy (天文学), geography, science and technology, culture and so on. From the book, I 5.　 　 answers to the questions: Why doesn’t the moon fall onto the ground Why is the blood red Why do the tree 6.　 　 turn yellow in autumn
The Ugly Duckling told me that 7.　 　 the duck was ugly, it did not give up the love of life and finally became a white swan. After reading Thumbelina, I learned that we should be a kind, brave and strong person. We must make efforts to achieve 8.　 　 dreams.
As I grow up, I find that the 9.　 　 books I read, the more I know. In the 10.　 　, I’d like to read much more books to make myself a better person. Let’s read more now!
B
big　mean　scientist　well　full
one　be　year　build　difference
Over two weeks have passed, but that moment is still fresh in my mind. It was around 8:00 a.m., on the first day of May. Many people were waving goodbye to me as I slowly departed from (离开)my home. Yes, it was finally time for my 11.　 　 sea trials (海试)!
I’m China’s newest aircraft carrier (航空母舰), Type 003.People also call me the Fujian. It took six 12.　 　 to build me, and the construction was completed on June 17, 2022, in Shanghai. I have two elder brothers, Type 001, the Liaoning, and Type 002, the Shandong.
As you may have noticed, I’ve followed the family tradition of 13.　 　 named after a province. But I’m quite 14.　 　 from my brothers. To begin with, I was 100% designed and 15.　 　 by Chinese hands. This is a first for my country. I’m also much 16.　 　 than the Liaoning and the Shandong. My fight deck (飞行甲板) is much larger. And just guess how heavy I am! When I’m 17.　 　 loaded, I weigh around 100,000 tonnes! Moreover, I have been given a lot of cool technologies. My brothers use the “ski-jump” method for launching aircraft. That 18.　 　 you can find a ramp at the end of their short runways. I work differently. I have three Electromagnetic Aircraft Launch Systems. They allow planes to take off at higher speeds. I can also launch larger and heavier aircraft than my brothers.
During my eight days at sea, 19.　 　 had many different tests on me. They wanted to see if I could work 20.　 　 than before. Those tests would help me serve the PLA Navy (中国人民解放军) better, and I’m happy to report that I did a good job.
C
power　we　be　feeling　understand
confident　sure　good　show　knowledge
　　Communication is a(n) 21. 　 　 tool for connecting with others. It’s a way to share 22. 　 　 thoughts, feelings and ideas with the world. When we communicate, we have the opportunity to create a bridge between ourselves and others.
Sometimes, it 23.　 　 hard to find the right words to say. That’s okay. The important thing is to try our best to communicate our thoughts and 24.　 　. We can use simple languages and clear examples to make sure that we’re 25.　 　.
I used to think that speaking was easy. But now I realize that it takes practice and 26.　 　. I’ve learned to speak up even when I’m nervous or 27.　 　. I’ve learned to express myself sincerely.
Communication can also be a way to 28.　 　 empathy (共鸣) and understanding. When someone is upset or hurting, we can use our words to comfort him. We can say like “I’m here for you” or “I understand how you feel”. This can help him feel supported and less alone.
I’ve learned that communication is a gift. It’s a way to share our 29.　 　 and wisdom with others. It’s a way to create a positive impact on the world. I want to be a(n) 30.　 　 speaker than before because I want to connect more with the people around me. I want them to know that I care about them and their stories.
参考答案
题型三　短文填空
随堂练习
真题精粹
A
1.cheaper　2.send　3.yourself　4.person’s　5.need
6.was　7.emails　8.traditional　9.rapidly　10.played
B
11.is　12.problems　13.development　14.high
15.noisy　16.got　17.easily　18.bird’s/birds’　19.offer
endless
C
21.is　22.live　23.unlucky　24.himself　25.people’s　26.met　27.Finally　28.successful　29.most
30.achieve
模拟演练
A
1.are　2.really　3.goals　4.first　5.smaller　6.starting
7.rule　8.become　9.improvement　10.reported
B
11.places　12.first　13.formed　14.famous　15.helpful
16.mainly　17.art　18.including　19.traditional
20.world’s
C
21.healthy　22.divided　23.quickly　24.their
25.showed　26.higher　27.memories/memory
28.difference　29.was　30.enjoy
仿真作业
A
1.happiness　2.losing　3.called　4.includes　5.got
6.leaves　7.although　8.our　9.more　10.future
【选材理由】 What:本文介绍的是作者从书中获得了丰富的知识和乐趣,因此他鼓励大家多读书。Why:本文旨在引导学生多读书,读好书,从而成为一个更加优秀的人。
【长难句分析】
The Ugly Duckling told me that although the duck was ugly, it did not give up the love of life and finally became a white swan.
分析:该句为主从复合句。 主句为“The Ugly Duckling told me”,that引导一个宾语从句。that引导的宾语从句仍是一个主从复合句,其中主句为“it did not give up the love of life and finally became a white swan”,although引导的是让步状语从句。
句意:《丑小鸭》告诉我,虽然那只鸭子长得不好看,但它并没有放弃对生活的热爱,并且最终变成了一只白天鹅。
B
11.first　12.years　13.being　14.different　15.built　16.bigger　17.fully　18.means　19.scientists　20.better
【选材理由】 What:本文主要介绍了Type 003 航空母舰的建造和构成以及第一次海试的情况。Why:本文旨在呼吁大家了解中国人民解放军,知晓航空母舰的工作之伟大。
【长难句分析】
My brothers use the “ski-jump” method for launching aircraft. That means you can find a ramp at the end of their short runways.
句意:我的哥哥们使用“滑跃”的方法发射飞机。那就意味着你可以在他们短跑道的尽头发现一个斜坡。
C
21.powerful　22.our　23.is　24.feelings　25.understood
26.confidence　27.unsure　28.show　29.knowledge　30.better
【选材理由】 What: 本文主要介绍的是关于沟通的重要性。Why:本文旨在引导人们正确沟通,建立和谐的人际关系。
【长难句分析】
When someone is upset or hurting, we can use our words to comfort him.
分析:这是一个主从复合句,when引导的是时间状语从句,后面是主句,主句中的“to comfort him”表目的。
句意:当某人伤心难过的时候,我们可以使用我们的语言去安慰他。