高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修4-Unit 2 Iconic Attractions-高考一轮复习~基础知识排查 基础自测（含答案）

选择性必修4-Unit 2 Iconic Attractions-高考一轮复习~基础知识排查+基础自测
基础知识排查
【词汇句型陈列】
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．arrow n．箭；箭头
2．bakery n．面包(糕饼)店；面包厂
3．dive vi.& n．潜水；跳水；俯冲
4．entitle vt.给……命名(或题名)；使享有权利
5．fence n．栅栏；围栏
6．grand adj.大；宏大的
7．hatch vi.孵出；破壳 vt.使孵出；策划；(尤指)密谋
8．joint n．公共场所(尤指价格低廉的饮食和娱乐场所)；关节 adj.联合的；共同的
9．minister n．部长；大臣；外交使节
10．nest n．巢穴；鸟窝；秘密窝点
11．prison n．监狱；监禁
12．sample n．样本；样品
13．session n．一场；一段时间；会议
14．sponsor vt.倡议；赞助；主办 n．(法案等的)倡议者；赞助者
15．straightforward adj.坦率的；简单的
16．temporary adj.暂时的；短暂的
17．trunk n．树干
Ⅱ.拓展单词
1．biology n．生理；生物学→biological adj.生物学的→biologist n．生物学家
2．capacity n．能力；容量→capable adj.有能力的；能干的
3．distribution n．分布；分配；分发→distribute vt.分发；分配；分布
4．foundation n．创建；基础；地基→found vt.创办；创建；建立→founder n．创建者；创始人
5．freedom n．自由；不受……影响的状态→free adj.自由的；空闲的；免费的 vt.释放；使摆脱；解除
6．frequency n．发生率；重复率；(声波或电磁波振动的)频率→frequent adj.频繁的→frequently adv.频繁地
7．licensed adj.得到正式许可的→license vt.批准；许可 n．(＝licence)许可证；执照
8．located adj.位于→locate vt.找出……的位置；把……设置(在)；使……坐落(于)→location n．地点；位置
9．political adj.政治的→politics n．政治；政治学→politician n．政治家；政客
10．violent adj.暴力的；猛烈的→violence n．暴力；暴行→violently adv.粗暴地；强烈地
Ⅲ.阅读单词
1．barbecue n．(abbr.BBQ)户外烧烤；烤架
2．bungee jumping 蹦极跳
3．butcher n．肉贩；屠夫；刽子手
4．didgeridoo n．迪吉里杜管
5．dim sim(特指澳大利亚的)点心
6．domain n．领域；领土；范围
7．equator n．赤道
8．frog n．蛙；青蛙
9．geothermal park 地热公园
10．getaway n．适合度假的地方
11．geyser n．间歇泉
12．golf n．高尔夫球运动
13．herb n．药草；香草；草本
14．hollow adj.中空的；空心的
15．horn n．(乐器)号
16．iconic adj.符号的；图标的
17．kayaking n．划皮艇
18．kiwi n．几维(新西兰鸟)
19．liberty n．自由
20．mammal n．哺乳动物
21．manuka honey 麦卢卡蜂蜜
22．monument n．纪念碑(或馆、堂、像等)；历史遗迹
23．phase n．阶段；时期
24．pitch n．音高
25．pouch n．育儿袋；小袋子；荷包
26．premier adj.最著名的；第一的；首要的 n．总理；首相
27．prime minister首相；总理
28．slogan n．标语；口号
29．strait n．海峡
30．sulphuric pool 硫黄池
31．vibrate vt.& vi.(使)振动
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．a flock of一群(羊或鸟)
2．agree with同意；赞同
3．a handful of少数人(或物)；一把(的量)
4．be against违背；违反
5．be native to源于……的；原产于
6．in contact with和……联系
7．learn about了解
8．major in主修
9．make up组成；构成
10．peak season高峰季节
11．share sth with sb 和某人分享某物
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．The noise they made could wake the dead.(修辞手法之夸张)
它们发出的声音可以吵醒死人。
2．There are only a small handful of animals in the world that can do that！(There be＋n.＋定语从句)
世界上只有很少的动物可以那样做！
3．I tried to learn how to play it，but after trying for hours，I was convinced that I could never make a musical sound with this instrument！(be convinced that...相信……)
我试着学习吹奏方法，但经过好几个小时的努力，我只能确信我永远都无法用这个乐器发出乐声！
4．It is said that now nearly half of all Australian citizens were either born overseas or have parents who were born overseas.(either...or...要么……要么……)
据说现在近一半的澳大利亚公民要么自己出生于海外，要么父母出生于海外。
5．I can’t wait to see all of them！(can’t wait to do sth 迫不及待做某事)
我迫不及待地去看所有的动物！
6．Most of their musical instruments are really just sticks found on the ground，among which there is an amazing instrument called the didgeridoo.(“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句)
他们绝大多数的乐器其实就是地上找到的树枝，其中就有一种令人惊叹的、叫作迪吉里杜管的乐器。
【考点突破】
capacity n．能力；容量(capable adj.有能力的；能干的)
have the capacity to do...有做……的能力 be capable of...能够……
我有能力完美组织即将在本市举行的中国画展览。
(1)____________ the Chinese Painting Exhibition to be held in this local city.(capacity)
(2)___________ the Chinese Painting Exhibition to be held in this local city.(capable)
freedom n．自由；不受……影响的状态(free adj.免费的；自由的；不受约束的 vt.使自由；解放；释放)
freedom of speech言论自由
have the freedom of.../to do...有(做)……的自由
be free to do sth 自由做某事
set...free使获得自由；释放
free from/of...不受……影响的；无……的
(1)The straightforward prime minister declares that citizens have freedom ________ speech.
(2)最使我满意的是我有选择所喜欢东西的自由。
①What satisfies me most is that ________________________.(freedom)
②What satisfies me most is that __________________.(free)
(3)人们极力主张所有关在笼子中的动物应该被释放。没有笼子，动物们在野外会过更幸福的生活。
It is urged that all caged animals ______________.________________，animals can live a happier life in the wild.
located adj.处于；位于；坐落于[locate vt.找出……的位置；把……设置(在)；使……坐落(于) location n．地点；位置]
be located in/on/at位于；坐落于
(1)The ________(locate) of the newly-built entertainment joint is close to the railway.
(2)我们也有三个室内活动室，位于校园的东边。
①In addition，we have three indoor activity rooms ___________.(定语从句)
②In addition，we have three indoor activity rooms _______________.(过去分词短语作定语)
(3)坐落在东海之滨，这个镇有着300多年的历史和20万人口。
_________________，the town has a history of more than 300 years and a population of 200,000.
There be＋n.＋定语从句 There are only a small handful of animals in the world that can do that！世界上只有很少的动物可以那样做！
There be＋n./pron.＋定语从句
(1)我们学校有丰富多彩的旨在扩大我们视野的课外活动。
There are colorful after-class activities in our school ___________.
(2)在艺术文化会演中，有各种各样的表演，从唱歌、跳舞到背诗不等。
①In the course of the Art and Culture Show，there are various performances，_____________.(定语从句)
②In the course of the Art and Culture Show，there are various performances ______________.(现在分词短语作定语)
(3)有许多年轻人乐意为残疾人做志愿工作。
①There are many young people ____________________.(定语从句)
②There are many young people _______________.(形容词短语作定语)
修辞手法之夸张 The noise they make could wake the dead.它们发出的声音可以吵醒死人。
夸张是比喻修辞的一种，是以言过其实的说法表达强烈的目的，它可以加强语气，增加表达效果。
(1)世界似乎到了末日。
___________________________________________________________(2)她几乎笑死了。
___________________________________________________________(3)这寒风如此刺骨，直接穿过我的身体。
___________________________________________________________(4)第一次站在讲台上，她感觉万箭穿心。
Standing on the platform for the first time，____________________.
“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句 Most of their musical instruments are really just sticks found on the ground，among which there is an amazing instrument called the didgeridoo.他们绝大多数的乐器其实就是地上找到的树枝，其中就有一种令人惊叹的、叫作迪吉里杜管的乐器。
当关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，我们通常用“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句。如果指人，用“介词＋whom”；如果指物，用“介词＋which”。
one/two/several/most/each/all/both of which/whom
the＋名词＋of which/whom
(1)我积极参加了英语讲座，从中我充分了解了英国和美国的文化。
I have actively attended English lectures，_______________________.
(2)来自20个班的90名学生参加了比赛，其中有30名女生。
Ninety students from twenty classes participated in the race，__________.
(3)这个旨在引起人们对环境保护的关注的活动提升了我们关爱大自然的意识。(aim)
The activity，____________，raises our awareness of caring about nature.
(4)学校门口站了几位老师，其中一个是我的英语老师。
There are several teachers standing at the school gate，________ is my English teacher.
【高考链接】
1．I had always been fascinated with chemistry，biology，and math，but since those interests hadn’t fit Tyson’s definition of “cool”，I had never pursued them.
我一直对化学、生物和数学很着迷，但因为这些兴趣不符合泰森对“酷”的定义，所以我从未追求过。
2．At some time in the past Yellowstone must have blown up with a violence far beyond the scale of anything known to humans.
在过去的某个时候，黄石公园一定发生了爆炸，其猛烈程度远远超过人类所知的任何规模。
3．I looked around and finally spotted David，who was standing by himself off to the side by a fence.
我环顾四周，终于发现了大卫，他独自一人站在篱笆旁边。
4．Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do，how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session，and her age.
她的关注点包括她想要做什么样的培训，每周多少天，每节课她想花多少小时，以及她的年龄。
5．A total of 40 women met the criteria for a high fitness level with a capacity of 120 watts or higher，while 92 women were in the medium fitness category.
共有40名女性符合120瓦或更高功率的高健康水平标准，而92名女性处于中等健康水平。
基础自测
【单句语法填空】
1．I am keen on _______，so I have a good knowledge of ____________ terms.In the future，I desire to be a ____________.(politics)
2．We must oppose __________，because ________ behaviors can have a bad influence on us.(violence)
3．Undoubtedly those who are expert in ________ are called ____________.(biology)
4．He is ____________ of memorizing fifty English words in five minutes，so he has the __________ to understand the difficult English article.(capable)
5．He longed to be ____________ of his responsibilities，and then he had the ____________ to do what he liked.(free)
6．____________(distribute) of clothes and blankets has begun by appointment.
7．I have been dismissed due to my __________(violence) behavior and now I am quite guilty.
8．The science fiction writer takes an active part in outdoor activities __________(frequent)．
9．My nephew worked here __________(temporary) to test out the levers on the panels.
10．The __________(politics) leader turned out to be a person of integrity and dignity，which was contrary to the rumour.
11．I have the capacity ____________(weigh) the pros and cons of the matter and make a proper choice.
12．I urged him to book the hotel __________(locate) in the center of the city.
13．The chairwoman has declared that all the salesmen and saleswomen ________________(entitle) to their pension after they retire.
14．My niece doesn’t have the freedom ____________(choose) what she likes，so she often conflicts with her parents.
15．I have an urge to visit the exhibition ____________(sponsor) by the Society of Culture.
16．I can certainly tell you the ____________ of the library.It is ____________ in the west of the campus.(locate)
17．The machine broke down with increasing ______，so we must repair it ____________.(frequent)
18．The books in the library are ________________ according to subjects，so you can easily find the book you like based on the ______________.(distribute)
【选词填空】
1．He ____________________ management information system and wants to study abroad in the future.
2．The fact that nobody __________ my idea makes me burst into tears.
3．As we all know，the giant panda ____________________ China. In other words, China is home to it.
4．Teachers often organize examinations with the aim of _____________ the progress of each student.
5．Before I woke up，____________________ birds was already singing a cheerful morning chorus.
6．By the time he was 15，Scott had performed with __________ well known small bands.
【语篇语法填空】
请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。
Australia，located to the south of the equator，is famous for its iconic creatures and grand sites.There are so many delicious open-air barbecues，bakeries，fast-food joints，butcher shops and restaurants which offer some of the 1.____________ food experiences in the world.The kangaroo has a wide 2.____________ throughout the country.Baby kangaroos live 3.______ in the pouch for a phase of seven or eight months.At licensed zoos，koalas hanging onto tree 4.________ can be touched for only a little time and on a limited frequency of occasions.A primitive mammal with a unique biology，the duck-billed platypus will lay eggs in a nest，which can hatch in ten days.It has the capacity to find food by using electrical sensors in its bill，which only a handful of animals in the world can do.The straightforward prime minister 5.____________ a campaign to protect wild animals’ freedom and liberty in their natural domain.In a word，Australia is an ideal getaway visited by numerous travelers at peak seasons.Australia’s tourism 6.________ is as follows：There’s nothing like Australia.
【句型写作】
1．有越来越多的游客被吸引到这个地方。(There be＋n.＋定语从句)
____________________________________ are attracted to this place.
2．上星期天，我们学校举行了五千米越野赛。高三全体学生都参加了。(“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句)
Last Sunday，our school held a five kilometer cross country running race，_____________.
3．我妈妈大发雷霆，吼道：“你要么努力学习要么退学。”(either...or...)
My mom exploded with anger，screaming “You must __________.”
4．我们所有学生都迫不及待地想去附近的农场采摘水果以体验劳动的乐趣。(can’t wait to do)
All of us students ________________ to experience the pleasure of labor.
5．我相信你们所有人会受益于这次有意义的活动。(be convinced that...)
________________________ the meaningful activity.
参考答案：
基础知识排查
【考点突破】
capacity
(1)I have the capacity to perfectly organize　
(2)I am capable of perfectly organizing
freedom
(1)of　
(2)①I have the freedom to choose what I like　
②I am free to choose what I like　
(3)should be set free；Free from/of cages
located
(1)location　
(2)①which are located in the east of our campus　
②located in the east of our campus　
(3)Located on the coast of the East Sea
There be＋n.＋定语从句
(1)that/which are designed to broaden our horizons　
(2)①which vary from singing，dancing to reciting poems　
②varying from singing，dancing to reciting poems　
(3)①who/that are willing to do voluntary work for the disabled　
②willing to do voluntary work for the disabled
修辞手法之夸张
(1)It seems as if the world were at an end.　(2)She almost dies laughing.　(3)The cold wind was so bone chilling that it cut right through me.　(4)she found scores of arrows piercing her chest
“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
(1)from which I have a good knowledge of British and American cultures　
(2)among whom were thirty girls　
(3)the aim of which is to draw our attention to environmental protection　
(4)one of whom
基础自测
【单句语法填空】
1.politics；political；politician　
2.violence；violent　
3.biology；biologists　
4.capable；capacity　
5.free；freedom　
6.Distribution　
7.violent　
8.frequently　
9．temporarily　
10.political
11.to weigh　
12.located　
13.will be entitled　
14.to choose　
15.sponsored　
16.location；located　
17.frequency；frequently　
18.distributed；distribution(s)
【选词填空】
1.majors in　
2.agrees with　
3.is native to　
4.learning about　
5.a flock of　
6.a handful of
【语篇语法填空】
1．premier　2.distribution　3.temporarily　4.trunks　5.sponsors 6．slogan
【句型写作】
1.There are more and more visitors who/that　
2.in which all students in Senior 3 took part
3.either work hard or drop out of school　
4.can’t wait to pick fruits on the nearby farm　
5.I am convinced that all of you can benefit from