高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修4-Unit 4 Sharing-高考一轮复习~基础知识排查 基础自测（含答案））

选择性必修4-Unit 4 Sharing-高考一轮复习~基础知识排查+基础自测
基础知识排查
【词汇句型陈列】
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．chorus n．合唱曲；合唱团 vt.合唱；齐声说
2．cotton n．棉布；棉花
3．criterion n．(pl.criteria)标准；准则；原则
4．drag vt.拖；拽 vt.& vi.缓慢而费力地移动
5．forehead n．额；前额
6．grant vt.同意；准许 n．拨款
7．housing n．住房；住宅
8．input n．情况；信息；投入；输入 vt.输入
9．lately adv.最近；不久前；近来
10．mail n．邮件；信件；邮政 vt.邮寄；发电邮给
11．parcel n．包裹 vt.裹好；打包
12．platform n．平台；站台；舞台
13．pray vi.& vt.企盼；祈祷
14．privilege n．优惠待遇；特权
15．relay vt.转发；转播 n．接力赛；接班的人
16．resign vi.& vt.辞职；辞去
17．rigid adj.死板的；固执的
18．secondary adj.中学的；次要的
19．shade vt.给……遮挡(光线)；加灯罩；把……涂暗 n．阴凉处；灯罩；阴影部分
20．uniform n．校服；制服 adj.一致的；统一的
21．wrinkle vt.& vi.(使脸上)起皱纹；皱起 n．皱纹
Ⅱ.拓展单词
1．chemist n．化学家；药剂师；药房→chemistry n．化学→chemical adj.化学的
2．consultation n．咨询；咨询会→consult vt.咨询；请教→consultant n．顾问
3．deserve vt.值得；应得；应受→deserving adj.值得的；应得的
4．disabled adj.有残疾的；丧失能力的→disability n．缺陷；障碍→disable vt.使(某人)残废；使……无能
5．dust n．沙土；灰尘 vi.& vt.擦灰→dusty adj.布满灰尘的
6．ripe adj.成熟的；时机成熟的→ripen vt.& vi.(使)成熟
7．rubber n．橡皮；黑板擦；橡胶→rub vt.& vi.擦；摩擦；揉；搓
8．stability n．稳定(性)；稳固(性)→stable adj.稳定的；牢固的→unstable adj.不稳定的
Ⅲ.阅读单词
1．bubble vi.起泡；沸腾
2．cardiac adj.心脏病的；心脏的
3．circuit n．巡回；环形线路
4．circus n．马戏团
5．clay n．黏土；陶土
6．contract vt.感染(疾病)；与……订立合同(或契约) n．合同；契约
7．doorway n．门口；出入口；门道
8．fireplace n．壁炉
9．grill n．烤架；烤肉餐馆
10．handshake n．握手
11．hut n．简陋的小房子(或棚、舍)
12．hypothetical adj.假设的；假定的
13．jam n．果酱；堵塞
14．jar n．罐子；坛子
15．jaw n．颌；下巴
16．kettle n．(烧水用的)壶；水壶
17．leftover adj.吃剩的；残留的 n．吃剩的食物；遗留物
18．pan n．平底锅；烤盘
19．plug vt.封堵；补足 n．堵塞物；插头；插座
20．saucer n．茶碟；杯托
21．tablet n．平板电脑；便笺本；药片
22．tube n．管子；管状物
23．tune n．曲调；曲子 vt.调音；调节；调频道
24．washroom n．洗手间；厕所
25．weed n．杂草；野草 vt.& vi.除杂草
Ⅳ.核心短语
1．a chorus of 齐声；异口同声
2．adapt to适应
3．be dying to do sth 渴望做某事
4．not to mention 更不用说；且不说
5．participate in参与；参加
6．pray that 但愿
7．relay to 转达给……；转发给……
8．shake hands with sb 和某人握手
9．take...for granted 认为……是理所当然；对……不予重视
10．the other day前几天
Ⅴ.经典句式
1．It takes me only a few minutes to walk to school down a dusty track covered in weeds.(It takes sb some time to do sth 做某事花费某人多长时间)
沿着杂草丛生、尘土飞扬的小路，我几分钟就能走到学校。
2．There is no equipment，and since there isn’t even a washroom，if I need water I have to carry it from my house in a basin！(since引导原因状语从句)
这里没有设备，甚至连洗手间都没有。如果需要用水，我得用盆子从我的房子里端来！
3．The other day I was showing the boys a chemistry experiment when，before I knew it，the mixture was bubbling out of the test tube spilling everywhere！(be doing...when...正在做……这时……)
几天前，我正在给男孩们演示一个化学实验，在我反应过来之前，混合物冒着泡从试管中涌出，洒得到处都是！
4．To be honest，I doubt whether I’m making any difference to these boys’ lives at all.(doubt whether...)
说实话，我怀疑我是否能给这些男孩们的生活带来不同。
5．Now，not only are Tanzanians helped by the hospital，but people in neighbouring countries are helped as well.(部分倒装)
现在，有了医院，不仅坦桑尼亚人得到了帮助，而且周边国家的人们也因此受益。
【考点突破】
deserve vi.& vt.应受；应得；值得(deserving adj.值得的；应得的)
deserve sth 值得/应得某事/物
deserve doing/to be done值得被……(此处用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义，类似用法的动词还有：need，want，require等)
deserve it(口语)活该；自作自受
(1)The money saved could be used for more ______(deserve) causes.
(2)自习室的确值得体验，因此，请接受我真诚的邀请。
The self-study room __________，so please accept my sincere invitation.
drag vt.拖；拉；扯 vt.& vi.缓慢而费力地移动
读后续写之手的肢体动作：drag/draw/pull拉；cup one’s hands over...把手窝成杯状；slide one’s hands into...将手伸进……；put one’s hands to one’s cheeks用双手捂住脸；spread one’s hands摊开双手
(1)The chemist with a wrinkled face ________(drag) the dusty parcel from under the bed and unfolded it.
(2)这位父亲站起来，盯着大儿子的眼睛，把手窝成杯状托住儿子的脸。
The father stood up，gazed in the eyes of his oldest son and ___________.
(3)汤姆打开车门，把司机拽出来，把他送到警察局。
Tom opened the car door，__________ and sent him to the police station.
(4)他摊开双手、耸了耸肩膀，表示他刚才没有把手伸进我的钱包。
He ______ and shrugged his shoulders，indicating that he _______ just now.
(5)她是如此羞愧，她用双手捂住脸，感觉血液涌上脸庞。
So ashamed was she that she __________，feeling blood rush to her face.
privilege n．特权；特别优待；优惠待遇 v．给予特权；特别优待(privileged adj.有特权的；受特别优待的)
It is a privilege to do sth.做某事是一种殊荣。
have the privilege to do/of doing sth 有特权做某事
be privileged to do sth 有幸做某事
(1)I take it for granted that I have the privilege ____________(enter) the lab at my will.
(2)在这儿做有关如何保护环境的演讲，我倍感荣幸。
______________ on how to protect the environment here.
take...for granted认为……是理所当然；对……不予重视
take it for granted that＋从句　认为……理所当然
take...seriously认真对待……
take one’s time不用急；慢慢来
take pride in以……自豪
take charge of负责，掌管
take advantage of利用
(1)我们总是一厢情愿地认为海洋可以提供给我们无穷无尽的资源，因此我们过度开发海洋。
____________________________，so we overdevelop our oceans.
(2)上个月负责演讲活动时，我认真对待这件事。我充分利用每个向同学征求意见的机会，因此我完美地组织了这次活动。我的所有同学都以我为荣。
When I _______ the speech activity last month，I _____ it _______.I _________ every chance to ask my classmates for their opinions so that I organized the activity perfectly.All of my classmates ________ me.
since引导原因状语从句There is no equipment，and since there isn’t even a washroom，if I need water I have to carry it from my house in a basin! 这里没有设备，甚至连洗手间都没有。如果需要用水，我得用盆子从我的房子里端来！
since用作连词，可引导原因状语从句，意为“因为，既然”，侧重大家已知的事实；也可引导时间状语从句，意为“从……以来”，主句谓语动词为延续性动词且多用现在完成时。
since作介词，意为“从……以来；从……以后”，后接名词或代词。
since作副词，意为“从那时以后；后来”。
(1)我已经养成了读英文报的习惯，因为它已经丰富了我枯燥的校园生活。
I have developed the habit of reading the English newspaper _________.
(2)自从我大学毕业后，我一直梦想着环游世界。
__________，I have been dreaming of traveling all over the world.
(3)总是使我沮丧的是从那以后，我就没收到过他的来信。
What always upsets me is that ________________________________.
【高考链接】
1．If praise is sincere and focused on the effort not the outcome，you can give it as often as your child does something that deserves a verbal reward.
如果表扬是真诚的且关注的是努力而不是结果，你可以在孩子做一些值得口头奖励的事情时给予表扬。
2．Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person’s makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test，such as character，motivation，confidence，mental stability，optimism and “people skills”．
现在很多人误解了情商，认为它几乎是一个人的所有特质，而不能用比如性格、动机、自信、精神稳定、乐观和“人际交往能力”等智商测试来衡量。
3．It’s such a privilege to be a part of these kids’ lives，even just for a few hours，getting to know them and hearing their stories.
能成为这些孩子生活的一部分是一种荣幸，即使只是几个小时，我可以了解他们并倾听他们的故事。
4．Later，our jaws changed to an overbite structure，making it easier to produce such sounds.
后来，我们的颌变成了覆盖咬合结构，更容易发出这样的声音。
5．Grant didn’t wait；clutching the baby to his chest and dragged the boy alongside，Grant ran down the hallway.
格兰特没有等，他把婴儿抱在胸前，拖着男孩跑下了走廊。
基础自测
【单句语法填空】
1．We can live a ______ life because of economic ____________.(stable)
2．I like _______ apples，so I’m waiting for the apples to _______.(ripe)
3．The ______ are often laughed at because of their _______.(disable)
4．I ____________ with a ____________ about how to run my business well last week.(consult)
5．This is an issue ______ attention.That is，the issue ____________ paying attention to.(deserve)
6．I felt greatly ____________(privilege) to log the great deeds you had done.
7．We should have mercy on the disabled，who ______(be) often looked down on by others.
8．Being back with their family should provide emotional ________(stable) for the children.
9．The man ________ uniform takes possession of three villas，but he still lives a very simple life.
10．We were buying a laptop in a store ________ it began to rain.
11．I took ________ for granted that he would negotiate with me about what to do next，but he didn’t.
12．After ____________(consult) my uncle who is a psychologist by profession，I know how to keep mentally healthy.
13．From the bottom of my heart，I keep ____________(pray) that he won’t withdraw from the club.
14．I must relay ________ you that my opponent admitted stealing my laptop at the press conference.
15．He often extends his kindness to others and as a consequence，he deserves ________________(applaud)．
16．I am keen on ____________，so I desire to be a ____________ studying ____________ changes.(chemistry)
17．The house gathered too much ____________ and it was so ____________ that we had to give it a thorough cleaning.(dust)
【选词填空】
1．The proud young man seemed to _____ it ________ that he should speak as a representative.
2．The instant our headteacher entered the classroom，we burst into ___________ happy birthday.
3．An open minded person is capable of _______ unfamiliar conditions，which is a good quality.
4．He always ____________________ his father can recover from the severe illness as soon as possible.
5．But we are trying to ____________________ you now energetically why this has been so significant.
6．He has two big houses in this country，____________________ his three houses in France.
【语篇语法填空】
请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。
Lately I have resigned from my present job and signed a contract with a secondary school for the disabled in a remote village.At first my parents opposed my decision，but now they are singing a different 1.________.For me，it is a 2.________ to teach in the school.Every day I am greeted by a chorus of “good morning”．The dusty clay huts act as classrooms，whose doorways are very narrow and there are no rubbers，tubes for chemical experiments or platforms.With the campus full of weeds，there are no washrooms.Students don’t wear cotton 3.________.All the students’ housing is quite simple.The only possessions are saucers，fireplaces，kettles，pans，jars and grills，not to mention 4.________ and other modern devices that we take for granted.They eat ripe rice and they even don’t throw away leftovers.In my spare time，I do a 5.________ of the village to help those with disabilities and provide them with consultation.I want to relay to people that the disabled need help and I 6.________ that more and more people can be volunteers.
【句型写作】
1．我正在公路上骑自行车这时我看到一头狼正在追我。(be doing...when...)
_____________________I saw a wolf was running after me.
2．我怀疑我是否可以摆脱这头吓人的狼。(doubt whether...)
____________________________________ the frightening wolf.
3．这对双胞胎花费了大约一个小时为妈妈做早餐。(It takes sb some time to do sth)
____________________________________ breakfast for their mother.
4．由于我有许多教学经验，我可以胜任这项工作。(since引导原因状语从句)
____________________________________，I can be fit for the job.
5．我永远不会忘记我的老师给予我的帮助。(部分倒装)
________________________________ my teacher offered to me.
参考答案：
基础知识排查
【考点突破】
deserve
(1)deserving　
(2)does deserve experiencing/to be experienced
drag
(1)dragged　
(2)cupped his hands over his son’s face
(3)dragged/drew/pulled the driver out　
(4)spread his hands；didn’t slide his hands into my wallet　
(5)put her hands to her cheeks
privilege
(1)to enter　
(2)I am greatly privileged to/It is a great privilege for me to deliver a speech
take...for granted
(1)We always take it for granted that oceans can provide us with limitless resources　
(2)took charge of；took；seriously；took advantage of；took pride in
since引导原因状语从句
(1)since it has enriched my boring campus life　
(2)Since I graduated from university　
(3)I have not heard from him since
基础自测
【单句语法填空】
1.stable；stability　
2.ripe；ripen　
3.disabled；disabilities　
4．consulted；consultant　
5.deserving；deserves　
6.privileged　
7.are　
8.stability　
9.in　
10.when
11.it　
12.consulting　
13.praying　
14.to　
15.applause/applauding/to be applauded　
16.chemistry；chemist；chemical　
17.dust；dusty
【选词填空】
1.take；for granted　
2.a chorus of　
3.adapting to　
4.prays that　
5.relay to　
6.not to mention
【语篇语法填空】
1．tune　2.privilege　3.uniforms　4.tablets　5.circuit　6．pray
【句型写作】
1.I was riding a bike along the highway when　
2.I doubted whether I could get rid of　
3.It took the twins about one hour to cook　
4.Since I have much teaching experience　
5．Never will I forget the help