Unit 6 Earth first—高一英语外研版（2019）必修第二册单元检测卷（B卷）
一、填空题（共10小题；每小题4分，满分40分）
1.While wandering in the street, I heard my name_____ (call).
2.Buried in homework , she didn't notice him_____ (stand) beside her.
3.The project will contribute to_____ (develop) the economy when it is completed.
4.We can't make sure of your safety if you act without_____ (permit).
5.Rescue workers are trained to find people, treat injuries, and hand out food, water and other_____ (supply).
6.In spite of the fact that its number is recovering, the government won't intend to have it_____ (remove) from the endangered list.
7.It must have snowed last night, but our parents won't have us_____ (play) with snow outside.
8.They managed to make themselves _______(understand) by using very simple English.
9.My car ________(damage) to such an extent in the accident yesterday that it could not be repaired.
10.Meanwhile, the rise and the fall of Maya Civilisation must also leave us_____ (think) about our own past, present and future.
二、阅读理解（共4小题；每小题5分，满分20分）
Several days of unusually warm weather in northern Greenland have caused rapid melting(融化). "Temperatures have been running around 15.5℃. It is warmer than normal for this time of year," scientists said. The amount of ice that melted in Greenland between July 15 and July 17 alone-6 billion tons of water per day—would be enough to fill 7.2 million Olympic-sized swimming pools, according to the report from the US National Snow and Ice Data Center. To put it another way, it was enough to cover the whole state of West Virginia with a foot of water.
For the scientists out on the ice sheet(冰盖), the warmth has been alarming. "It really makes me anxious," said Kutalmis Saylam, a scientist who is now working in Greenland. "Yesterday, we could hang about in our T-shirts, which was not really expected. Since Greenland holds enough ice, sea level would rise by 7.5 meters around the world if ice all melted."
In 2020, scientists found that Greenland's ice sheet had melted beyond the point of no return. "No efforts to prevent global warming can stop it from finally breaking into small parts," said researchers.
Aslak Grinsted, a climate scientist, said that they were trying to get flights into the camp so that they could ship out the ice cores(冰芯) they had collected. But the warmth is destabilizing the landing site. The weather we are seeing right now is too hot for the ski-equipped planes to land," Grinsted said. "So we store the ice cores in large caves we have made into the snow to protect it from the heat of the summer." Scientists made use of the abnormal warmth while they were waiting, playing volleyball in their shorts on an ice sheet at the top of the world.
Grinsted referred to the temperatures as a heat wave, and noted that the possibility of temperatures getting this hot was clearly connected to global warming.
11.How does the author support the topic of Paragraph 1
A.By exploring reasons. B.By making comparisons.
C.By designing the numbers. D.By doing some experiments.
12.What did Kutalmis mean in Paragraph 2
A.He disliked wearing a T-shirt.
B.He was concerned about the warmth.
C.He was deeply impressed by the ice.
D.He was thirsty for enjoying the sea view.
13.What does the underlined word "destabilizing" mean in Paragraph 4
A.Quitting. B.Removing. C.Sheltering. D.Destroying.
14.What will the author probably do in the following paragraph
A.Recommend visiting Greenland.
B.Describe how to ship out the ice core.
C.Call on people to protect the environment.
D.Plan to organize a sports meeting on ice.
三、七选五（共5小题；每小题4分，满分20分）
China has made great improvements in environmental protection during the past 70 years. ①_________ Each species on Earth has a role to play in the ecosystem.
In recent decades, a series of wildlife-protection campaigns have been carried out by the central government. ②_________ The giant panda and the crested ibis are among these success stories.
The giant panda used to have a population of 1,114 in the 1970s. It now totals 1,864 thanks to 52 protection areas. ③_________ By the end of last year, seven of the nine pandas released had survived in the wild. ④_________ In 1981, only seven crested ibises were found in Yangxian County, Shaanxi Province. Since then, breeding programs have helped the population reach 2,000. China has even sent crested ibises to Japan and South Korea in recent years, to help with the species' survival.
⑤_________ Key projects will be continually carried out to improve protection, including making the lists of wild animals and plants under state protection, and fighting against illegal wildlife trade, which includes ivory (象牙).
A. Another species was once thought to be extinct.
B. Protecting wildlife is, without doubt, an important part.
C. China will continue its efforts at the wildlife protection.
D. People call for immediate protection of the remaining species.
E. Scientists have worked to feed pandas and then release them into the wild.
F. As environmental damage has increased, signs of change have appeared around the world.
G. Several species in danger of extinction have made impressive progress due to the methods.
四、书面表达（满分20分）
为配合学校开展垃圾分类工作, 学生会向全校学生发出了"垃圾分类, 从我做起"的倡议。请你代表学生会, 用英语写一封倡议书, 内容包括:
1.垃圾分类的做法;
2.垃圾分类的益处;
3.呼吁全体学生一起参加。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.开头和结尾已给出, 不计入总词数。
参考词汇: 垃圾分类garbage classification; 厨余垃圾leftovers; 废旧电池used batteries
Dear fellow students,
Our school has started a program of garbage classification.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The Students' Union
答案以及解析
一、填空题
1.答案：called
解析：句意为:当我在街上闲逛时,我听见有人叫我的名字。此处为“hear+宾语+宾补“结构,call 与 my name之间为逻辑上的被动关系,应用过去分词作宾补。故填 called。
2.答案：standing
解析：句意为:她专心致志地做作业,没有注意到他站在她身边。此处为“notice+宾语+宾补”结构,stand 与 him之间为逻辑上的主动关系,应用现在分词作宾补,表示正在进行的动作。故填 standing。
3.答案：developing
解析：句意为:这项工程在竣工后,将会有助于经济发展。contribute to 意为“有助于;促成;造成”,to为介词,后接动名词作介词宾语,故填 developing。
4.答案：permission
解析：句意为如果你擅自行动,我们无法确保你的安全。without permission为固定搭配,意为“未经允许”。
5.答案：supplies
解析：句意为:救援人员接受训练,以便搜救人员、治疗伤者以及分发食物、水和其他补给品。supply 表示“补给品;日用品”时应用复数形式。故填 supplies。
6.答案：removed
解析：句意为:尽管它的数量正在恢复,但政府并不打算把它从濒危物种名单中移除。此处为“have+宾语+宾补”结构,remove 与 it之间为逻辑上的被动关系,应用过去分词作宾补。故填removed。
7.答案：playing
解析：句意为:昨天晚上肯定下过雪,但我们的父母不允许我们在外面玩雪。won't have sb doing sth意为“不允许某人做某事”,为常见用法,故填playing。
8.答案：understood
解析：考查过去分词作宾语补足语。此处为“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,宾语themselves和understand之间是被动关系,故用过去分词作宾语补足语。句意:他们通过使用很简单的英语设法使自己被理解了。
9.答案：was damaged
解析：提示：考查时态及语态。句意：在昨天的事故中我的车受损如此严重，已经到了无法修复的地步。根据时间状语yesterday可知，本空应用一般过去时，且My car和动词damage之间为被动关系，故本空应用一般现在时的被动语态。
10.答案：thinking
解析：句意为:同时,玛雅文明的崛起与衰落也必定让我们思考自己的过去、现在和未来。此处为“leave+宾语+宾补”结构,think与其逻辑主语us之间为主动关系,应用现在分词作宾补。故填 thinking.
二、阅读理解
11.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。文章第一段讲到“Temperatures have been running around 15.5℃. It is warmer than normal for this time of year(气温一直在15.5℃左右。今年这个时候比正常情况要暖和)”可知作者通过比较气温来支持第一段的主题,故选B。
12.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“For the scientists out on the ice sheet(冰盖), the warmth has been alarming. ‘It really makes me anxious,’ said Kutalmis Saylam(对于冰盖上的科学家来说,这种温暖令人担忧。‘这真的让我很焦虑。’ Kutalmis Saylam说)”可知,第二段中Kutalmis的意思是他很担心变暖这件事。故选B。
13.答案：D
解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段画线词后文的“The weather we are seeing right now is too hot for the ski-equipped planes to land(我们现在看到的天气太热,装有滑雪装备的飞机无法降落)”可知,飞机无法降落的原因是上文提到的“But the warmth is destabilizing the landing site.”,由此可推测这种温暖影响了着陆地点,D项(破坏)符合语境,故选D。
14.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。本文主要介绍了格陵兰岛北部连续几天异常温暖的天气导致冰川快速融化,文章最后一段讲到Grinsted将这种异常的高温称为热浪,并指出温度升高显然与全球变暖有关。由此可推测作者在下一段中可能会呼吁人们保护环境,故选C。
三、七选五
答案：BGEAC
解析：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在过去的70年里,中国在环境保护方面取得了很大的进步,其中保护野生动物无疑是重要的一环。
①根据上句China has made great improvements in environmental protection during the past 70 years.可知,在过去的70年里,中国在环境保护方面取得了很大的进步。根据下句Each species on Earth has a role to play in the ecosystem.可知,地球上的每一个物种都在生态系统中起着作用。所以保护野生动物无疑是重要的一个环节。故选B。
②根据上句In recent decades, a series of wildlife-protection campaigns have been carried out by the central government.可知,近几十年来,中央政府开展了一系列的野生动物保护运动。所以一些濒临灭绝的物种的保护由于采取了这些措施而取得了令人瞩目的进展。故选G。下文的The giant panda and the crested ibis也是提示。
③根据下句By the end of last year, seven of the nine pandas released had survived in the wild.可知,到去年年底,放归的9只大熊猫中有7只在野外存活。所以科学家们一直致力于喂养大熊猫,然后将它们放归野外。故选E。
④根据下文可知,1981年,在陕西省的洋县,只发现了七只朱鹮。而近年来,中国甚至将朱鹮送往日本和韩国,以帮助该物种的生存。所以A项“另一个物种曾经被认为要灭绝了”。符合语境。
⑤根据下文可知,继续实施重点保护工程,包括制定国家保护野生动植物名录,打击包括象牙在内的非法野生动物贸易。所以中国将继续加强野生动物保护。故选C。
四、书面表达
答案：
Dear fellow students,
Our school has started a program of garbage classification.
Different kinds of garbage were required to be sorted out and placed in different dustbins. Paper can be recycled while leftovers can be collected as food for pigs or be processed to make fertilizers for plants. Above all, harmful things such as plastics and used batteries should not be mixed with other wastes. The program is of great benefit. We will be able to save resources and harmful things will not pollute our environment after special treatment.
Let's work together for a better campus.
The Students' UnionUnit 6 Earth first—高一英语外研版（2019）必修第二册单元检测卷（A卷）
一、填空题（共10小题；每小题4分，满分40分）
1.Mr Johnson_____ (check) his emails when the woman came to see him.
2.Libraries will often hold reading-group sessions_____ (target) on various age groups.
3.When we are getting excited, angry or_____ (scare), our bodies also go through many physical changes.
4.She lost her watch, but ________(fortunate) she found it on her way home.
5.We are writing this letter to call on everyone _____(take) part in the Clear Your Plate campaign.
6.Others are _____(concern) about the planting methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers.
7.With all the vehicles _____(restrict) to the city, people had to call off their travel plans.
8.The best way to keep yourself _____(inform) of the latest news is to turn on your mobile phone for 24 hours.
9.Have you had your luggage _____(check) carefully before boarding the plane
10.Hannah travels the world giving presentations and talks, getting more people ______(involve) in the conservation of ocean life.
二、阅读理解（共4小题；每小题5分，满分20分）
Antarctica is a great, icy land, surrounded by the huge Southern Ocean. The ice in Antarctica doesn't just cover the land. There's also a large area of sea ice on the ocean's surface.
Every year, the sea ice at the South Pole goes through a cycle. In the summer, the huge sea ice melts(融化) to its smallest point. Over the colder winter months, the sea ice grows. Usually, the sea ice covers the greatest area around September 23, as winter ends at the South Pole.
Scientists have been measuring the area of the sea ice in Antarctica since 1979. For most of this time, Antarctica seemed to be almost unaffected by the changing weather conditions experienced in other parts of the globe. That began to change around 2016. Now, for several years, the area of Antarctic sea ice has been shrinking.
In 2023, the U.S. National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) reported that Antarctic sea ice covered its greatest area on September 10 almost two weeks earlier than normal. And the sea ice extent was at a new record low—not just by a little bit, but by a lot.
The last time Antarctic sea ice set a record low extent at the end of winter was in 1986. And in 2023, there's about 1.03 million square kilometers less sea ice than in 1986.
Scientists are still trying to understand what is driving the change in Antarctica. One likely direct cause of the change is the rising temperatures of the world's ocean. Ted Scambos, a research scientist at the University of Colorado, says Antarctic ice levels have always changed some, but the sharp loss in 2023 is “pointing toward warmer ocean conditions around the continent.”
The new low record has concerned the scientists. The sea ice is an important factor in lowering the temperatures of the earth. When it is frozen, sea ice reflects sunlight back out into space. But when the sea ice melts, the water left behind is darker, and takes in and keeps more heat. Scientists are working hard to better understand Antarctica. They don't know yet if this is just a short-term problem, or part of a long-term shift (转变) toward less sea ice in Antarctica.
11.What does the underlined word “shrinking” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Cetting smaller. B. Being flat. C. Observed. D. Measured.
12.Why does the author mention the record in 1986
A. To give an example. B. To make a comparison.
C. To make a summary. D.To offer an argument.
13.What is the possible direct reason for the change in Antarctic sea ice
A. The changing weather conditions.
B. Human activities in Antarctica.
C. Increased volcanic activities in the area.
D. The increasing temperatures of the global ocean.
14.What can we know about Antarctic sea ice
A. It's key to the earth's cooling system. B. Its melting is just a short-term problem.
C. It reminds us to find water resources. D. It offers humans a bright future.
三、七选五（共5小题；每小题4分，满分20分）
Don't Get Lost in the Term of Ecotourism
Given that tourism produces harmful emissions, the term “green travel” can seem like an oxymoron ( 矛盾修辞法).Green travel will not solve the climate crisis, but knowing what to look for can allow you to make choices that do less harm and more good if you do choose to travel.① _____
Don't get hung-up on the term.
The key to better understanding and identifying sustainable travel options is recognising that it's actually actions-not words that matter. Definitions can vary from person to person. ② _____
Ask questions.
Before you book a tour or hotel, prepare questions. For example: Do they support the local economy Are they ensuring the preservation of the natural environment ③ _____ However, if you can't find answers on the website, contact the property or tour operator directly.
④ _____
You don't have to plan responsible travel and deal with the ever-changing term alone. Contact organisations that provide training, accreditation (认证) and transparent standards. You can also join responsible travel communities on social media, where you can ask questions, share resources and learn alongside other travelers who share your values.
Start now.
You can't do everything at once right away. Decide what you can do. Maybe it's contributing to a conservation or community project. ⑤ _____ Anyway, when you know better, do better.
A. Lean on and learn from other experts.
B. Find an operator who shares your personal values.
C. It's the substance behind the tern that really matters.
D. Ask what the local government can provide you with.
E. Search for the answers such as data and policies on a company's website.
F. Here are some expert tips on how to understand the vocabulary of green travel.
G. Maybe it's immersing (沉浸在)yourself in one destination rather than rushing around to see three.
四、书面表达（满分20分）
假定你是李华,请结合以下信息,给21st Century报社写一份倡议书,倡议大家关注野生动物的保护。内容包括:
1.野生动物减少或灭绝的原因;
2.需要采取的措施;
3.提出倡议。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
一、填空题
1.答案：was checking
解析：句意为:当这位女士来看约翰逊先生的时候,他正在看他的邮件。由when引导的从句的句意可知,主句谓语表示的是在过去某一时间点正在发生的动作,故主句用过去进行时,故填 was checking。
2.答案： targeted
解析：句意为:图书馆经常会举办针对不同年龄段的阅读小组活动。句中已有谓语 will hold,设空处作后置定语,应用非谓语形式;target为及物动词,target... on…表示“把……对准……”,此处target 和 sessions 之间是逻辑上的被动关系,应用过去分词作后置定语。故填 targeted。
3.答案：scared
解析：句意为:当我们兴奋、生气或害怕时,我们的身体也会经历很多生理变化。设空处与excited、angry为并列关系,共同作 are getting的表语,此处形容人感到害怕,应用形容词scared。
4.答案：fortunately
解析： 考查副词。句意：她的表丢了，但幸运的是，她在回家的路上找到了它。本空修饰but后的分句，故应用副词fortunately“幸运地”。
5.答案：to take
解析：句意: 我们写这封信是为了号召每个人都加入"光盘行动"。call on sb. to do sth.号召某人做某事, 故填to take。
6.答案：concerned
解析：句意: 其他人担心这些需要更少水和更少肥料的种植方法。be concerned about担心。
7.答案：restricted
解析：句意: 所有车辆被限制在市内通行, 人们不得不取消出行计划。restrict与其逻辑主语vehicles间是被动关系, 故填restricted。
8.答案：informed
解析：句意: 使你自己被通知到最新消息的最好办法就是24小时开机。inform与yourself之间是被动关系, 需用过去分词作宾语补足语, 故填informed。
9.答案：checked
解析：句意: 你在登机之前办了行李托运了吗 check与其逻辑主语your luggage间是被动关系, 强调被动的状态, 需用过去分词作宾语补足语, 故填checked。
10.答案：involved
解析：句意: 汉娜周游世界, 作报告和演讲, 让更多的人参与到海洋生物的保护中来。此处为"get+宾语+动词-ed形式"结构, 故填involved。
二、阅读理解
11.答案：A
解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段中的Scientists have been measuring the area of the sea ice in Antarctica since 1979. For most of this time, Antarctica seemed to be almost unaffected by the changing weather conditions experienced in other parts of the globe. That began to change around 2016.和第四段中的In 2023和the sea ice extent was at a new record low可知,大部分时间南极海冰几乎没有受到全球其他地区天气变化的影响。但是这种情况在2016年前后发生改变,2023年,海冰最大面积创历史新低。由此推测,画线词意为“缩小;减少”。故选A项。
12.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段内容可知,2023年南极海冰面积创历史新低,比1986年创下的最低纪录还少103万平方千米。由此推测,作者提到1986年的记录是为了拿现在和之前的数据作对比。故选B项。
13.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第六段中的One likely direct cause of the change is the rising temperatures of the world's ocean.可知,造成南极海冰面积改变的一个直接原因可能是全球海洋温度的上升。故选D项。
14.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。由最后一段中的The sea ice is an important factor in lowering the temperatures of the earth.可知,南极海冰是降低地球温度的一个关键因素。故选A项。
三、七选五
答案：FCEAG
解析：上文引出“绿色出行”这一主题,下文介绍了如何绿色出行,本句为过渡句,起到承上启下的作用,F项(这里有一些关于如何理解绿色出行词汇的专家建议)符合语境。
②根据本部分小标题和设空处上文The key to better understanding and identifying sustainable travel options is recognising that it's actually actions--not words--that matter. Definitions can vary from person to person.可知,不必拘泥于这个术语,每个人对这个术语的定义都不一样。C项(真正重要的是这个术语背后的实质)与上文衔接紧密,符合语境。
③根据下文的 However, if you can't find answers on the website, contact the property or tour operator directly.可知,此处应列举实例,说明可以在网站上找一些相关资料,并联系下文,如果找不到答案需要及时联系旅游运营商。故E项(在公司网站上搜索答案,例如数据和政策等)符合语境。
④根据本部分内容可知,本部分主要介绍要学会向他人求助和学习,故A项(依靠并向其他专家学习)符合语境。
⑤根据本部分的小标题Start now.及本段中的 Decide what you can do.可知,本段主要介绍个人可以做的一些事情。故G项(也许是让自己沉浸在一个目的地,而不是匆匆忙忙地去看三个地方)符合语境,且与上文的You can't do everything at once right away.相呼应。
四、书面表达
答案：
As we all know, more and more wildlife is faced with extinction, whose habitats are becoming smaller as new roads and railways were built. Even worse, to make profits, hunters are killing wildlife.
It is urged that we should change our way of life and protect the habitats of wildlife. Besides, when the buying stops, the killing can too. If everyone refuses any product made from wildlife, the killing can be stopped.
Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife. Let's take action now.
