Unit 6 现在完成时语法 第二课时课件(共25张PPT，内嵌视频) 沪教牛津版（广州深圳沈阳通用）八年级上册

(共25张PPT)
Module 3 Culture and history
Unit
6
Ancient stories
Grammar
The Present Perfect Tense
现 在 完 成 时
用法
结构
标志词/
时间
状语
标志词的区分
句型
转换
have been to & have gone to
完成时VS
过去时
I have lost my watch.
I lost my watch.
----------
现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,强调与现在的关系。
一般过去时只是表示动作是发生在过去,和现在并没有什么直接与必然的联系。
现在完成时 vs. 一般过去时
现在完成时vs一般过去时 tell the difference
时态 结构不同 强调重点不同
标志词（时间状语）不同
一般过去时 陈述过去发生的事情，与现在无关
现在完成时 强调已经完成的事情与现在有关，对现在有影响
动词过去式 --ed
have/has done
The difference: 一般过去时VS现在完成时
yesterday, …ago, in 2005, last…等过去的时间
already, yet, ever, never, twice, ...times(次)，so far，up to now, recently, lately,
for + 时间段, since+ 时间点
since…ago, since last...
since +从句(一般过去时)等
gone
go
went
We ____ to a concert
last week.
have gone
PAST SIMPLE – signal word “last … ” (it tells us when it happened)
has seen
have seen
saw
I ____ Linda at the cinema yesterday.
seen
PAST SIMPLE – signal word “yesterday” (it tells us when it happened)
has … eat
has … eats
has … eaten
She ____ already ____ breakfast.
has … ate
PRESENT PERFECT – signal word “already” (for a recently finished action)
has leave
has left
left
Bob ____ five minutes ago.
leave
PAST SIMPLE – signal word “…ago” (it is a finished past action)
Did / arrived
Did / arrive
Have / arrived
____ Mike and Sam ____ from school yet
Has / arrived
PRESENT PERFECT – signal word “yet” (we expect something to happen soon)
were
have was
have been
I ____ on holidays since Friday .
was
PRESENT PERFECT – signal word “since” (for an unfinished past action)
have … spoken
speak
has … spoken
My teacher ____ just ____with my parents.
spoke
PRESENT PERFECT – signal word “just” (for a recent event)
hasn’t get up
haven’t get up
didn’t get up
He ____ early this morning.
didn’t got up
PAST SIMPLE –
“this morning” is a completed past period (it’s probably after midday now)
has … bought
have … bought
did … buy
When ____ she ____ a new car
did … bought
PAST SIMPLE–
we want to know when something happened
Has … had
Did … have
Have … had
____ you ever ____ a car accident
Did … had
PRESENT PERFECT
– signal word “ever” (for past experiences)
have met
have meet
met
I ____ my wife in 2010.
meet
PAST SIMPLE – signal word “in 2010” (for a finished past action)
B1 Complete it with the correct tenses of the verbs in brackets.
have gone
left
came
have tried
have won
have left
didn’t take
P89
B2 Complete the diary below with the correct tenses of the verbs in brackets.
bought
went
opened
never been
have
visited
have seen
bought
have read
Look at these two sentences. Do you think they are correct
I have bought this book for 3 years.
I have bought this book since 3 years ago.
I have had this book for 3 years.
I have had this book since 3 years ago.
buy是瞬间动词，动作短暂，而since+时间点和for+时间段引导的现在完成时表示动作的连续性，buy与之相矛盾，所以应该把buy改为延续性动词have。
The Present Perfect Tense
现 在 完 成 时
用法
结构
标志词/
时间
状语
标志词的区分
句型
转换
have been to & have gone to
完成时VS
过去时
延续性VS瞬间动词
延续性动词表示能持续一段时间的动作或状态:
work，stay，live，learn....等
瞬间动词 & 延续性动词
瞬间动词表示短暂的动作，从开始到结束，几乎同时或在极短的时间里完成:
come，go，leave，start，begin，become，receive，die...等
since+时间点和for+时间段引导的现在完成时，必须用延续性动词
当句子包含的时间状语含有since和for时，动作必须用延续性动词。
I have bought the book for a week.
I have had the book for a week.
buy是瞬间动词
have是延续性动词
瞬间动词----不能和一段时间连用
延续性动词----可以和一段时间连用
They have come here for two days.
They have been here for two days.
×
√
be是延续性动词
come是瞬间动词
×
√
have been away
瞬间动词
延续性动词 现在完成时持续状态
die
be over
leave/go
borrow
arrive/come/get to/reach
open/close
end/finish/stop
join
marry
keep
be away
be here
be open/closed
be friends
be a member of
be dead
have been dead
have kept
have been here
have been open/closed
have been over
have been a member of
have been friends
buy
have
have had
start/begin
be on
have been on
make/become friends
be married
have been married
come back/go back/return
be back
have been back
转换为延续性动词
be + 形容词/副词
be + 名词（短语）
Homework