新概念第三册Lesson 13 It's only me讲义

新概念第三册
Lesson 13 "It's only me'
单词精讲
costume n. 化装服
【释义】用于特定场合（如戏剧、舞会、节日等）穿着的特殊服装，以达到伪装、角色扮演或符合特定主题的目的。
【词源】源自法语“costume”，最初表示“习惯、风俗”，后来演变为表示特定风俗下的着装，即化装服。
【短语】costume party（化装舞会）；historical costume（历史服装）。
【例句】She wore a beautiful princess costume to the party.（她穿着一件漂亮的公主化装服去参加聚会。）
consist（v.由……组成）
【释义】表示由部分、元素或成员构成一个整体。
【词源】源自拉丁语“consistere”，由“con -”（一起）和“sistere”（站立）组成，即站在一起形成整体。
【短语】consist of（由……组成）；consist in（在于）。
【例句】The committee consists of ten members.（这个委员会由十名成员组成。）
sheet（n.被单）
【释义】一种大而薄的织物，通常用于覆盖床铺。
【词源】源自古英语“scete”，有“一块布”的意思。
【短语】bed sheet（床单）；sheet music（活页乐谱）。
【例句】She changed the sheet on the bed.（她更换了床上的被单。）
effective（adj.有明显效果的，有作用的）
【释义】能够产生预期结果或具有实际影响力的。
【词源】源自拉丁语“effectivus”，由“effect”（效果）加上“-ive”构成形容词。
【短语】effective method（有效的方法）；effective treatment（有效的治疗）。
【例句】This medicine is very effective for headaches.（这种药对头痛非常有效。）
metre（n.电表）
【释义】一种用于测量电量的仪器。
【词源】源自希腊语“metron”（测量），用于计量电量的设备被称为电表。
【短语】electric metre（电表）；read the metre（读电表读数）。
【例句】The man from the power company came to check the metre.（电力公司的人来检查电表了。）
pace（n. 一步）
【释义】人行走或跑步时单步的距离；也可表示行走或做事的速度、节奏。
【词源】源自古法语“pas”，有“脚步”的意思。
【短语】keep pace（并驾齐驱）；a slow pace（缓慢的步伐）。
【例句】He took a few paces forward.（他向前走了几步。）
flee (fled, fled)（v. 逃走）
【释义】快速离开某地以躲避危险、不愉快的情况等。
【词源】源自古英语“fleon”。
【短语】flee from（逃离）；flee for one's life（逃命）。
【例句】The people fled the burning building.（人们逃离了着火的大楼。）
slam（v.砰地关上）
【释义】用力使某物（如门、窗等）关闭并发出很大的响声。
【词源】可能是拟声词，模拟关门时发出的声音。
【短语】slam the door（砰地关上门）；slam shut（砰地关上）。
【例句】He was so angry that he slammed the door behind him.（他非常生气，在身后砰地关上了门。）
二、课文精讲
1 She was too excited to do any housework that morning, for in the evening she would be going to a fancy-dress party with her husband.那天上午，她兴奋得什么家务活都不想做，因为晚上她要同丈夫一起参加一个化装舞会。 (1) too ... to：太...而不能
不定式to,在大部分情况下，表示否定概念 not/never too ... to: 并不太...所以能够
　One is never too old to learn 活到老，学到老。
　The question is not too difficult for me to answer.
如果在副词too前发现修饰语all,but,only,不定式to的概念也是肯定的。
　They are all too satisfied to work with you.
I am only too glad to have someone to speak to.
He was but too eager to get home. (2)would be going, 是过去将来进行时，用来表示过去预计将要发生的动作。 (3)fancy-dress party化装舞会= costume party
2.She intended to dress up as a ghost and as she had made her costume the night before, she was impatient to try it on.她打算装扮成鬼的模样。头天晚上她已把化装服做好，这时她急于想试试。
(1)intended to = mean to:有什么打算，意图
(2) dress up as, 化装成……。
(3)the night before: 前一个晚上（以过去的某一个时间为基准点)
last night: 昨天晚上（以现在为基准点）
　The night before she got everything ready.
(4)she was impatient(eager,anxious) to try it on.
be impatient to do sth: 急于要做某事，迫不及待
=eager,anxious,hungry,thirsty,desperate,can't wait(口语） (5)try it on, it指costume, try on是“试穿”、“试戴”。 After putting it on: 穿上以后
3. Though the costume consisted only of a sheet, it was very effective.尽管化装服仅由一个被单制成，却十分逼真。 "由...所组成": consist of,comprise本身表达被动概念，结构形式为主动
4.She wanted to find out whether it would be comfortable to wear.想看穿起来是否舒服。
动词不定式to wear,用来修饰说明comfortable,作它的状语
The book is difficult to read.
The dress is easy to wash.
Your handwriting is easy to recognize.
It would be comfortable(for her)to wear
It is easy for me to read 主动形式——表达被动概念
The music is sweet to hear.
The machine needs repairing.
"需要．．．＂被动概念，用：need,want和动名词形式直接搭配
The dictionary is worth buying.
The book is worth reading. 形容词＋动词不定式
He was delighted to learn that...
I was glad to hear that...
He was anxious to leave...
感情形容词后的不定式通常是表示原因，在句中做原因状语
happy;relieved;astonished;amazed;surprised;horrified;
disappointed;sad;embarrassed;shocked He was frightened when he saw the snake
He was frightened to see the snake. I was sorry when I learnt that...
I was sorry to learn that... 不定式也可以放在表语之后，主语是不定式的实际宾语
The car is hard to park
Some questions are awkward to answer. 在少数几个动词后，可用作结果不定式
learn;find;see;hear;be told
He lived to see his inventions come to success.
He woke up to find everyone gone.
He went to his house only to find him out. 在不定式前加only，表示意想不到的，出乎意料的结果
He hurried to the post office only to find it was shut(closed)
5.Just as Mrs. Richards was entering the dining room, there was a knock on the front door.理查兹夫人刚刚走进餐厅，前门就传来敲门声。
just as…, 正当……的时候。
there was a knock on the front door: 有人敲门
6. She had told him to come straight in if ever she failed to open the door and to leave the bread on the kitchen table. 她曾告诉过他，如果她没去开门，他可直接进来，把面包放在厨房的桌子上。
come in :进来
straight: 直接地，径直地
if ever在条件句中表示强调，可译作“任何时候”。to come straight in指“直接进来”。
if even --- ever 用于条件句，表示任何时候，任何场合
＝whenever
If ever you see George give him my best regards.
When ever he is in trouble I'll be on the spot.
7.Not wanting to frighten the poor man, Mrs. Richards quickly hid in the small storeroom under the stairs.理查兹夫人不想吓唬这个可怜人，便赶紧躲到了楼梯下的小储藏室里。 Not wanting ……分词的否定结构形式，做原因状语 多用于句首；也可插入句中，主谓之间
Not wanting to make her nervous,the doctor didn't fully explain the seriousness of condition.= The doctor,not wanting to make her nervous,didn't fully explain the seriousness of her condition.
The house is under construction
The puma is under control
The problem is under discussion
The thief is under arrest.
介词under表达被动的意味
8.She tried to explain the situation, saying 'It's only me', but it was too late.她说了声“是我，别怕！”然后想进行一番解释，但已来不及了。 saying……现在分词做伴随状语
9.The man let out a cry and jumped back several paces.那人大叫了一声，惊退了几步。 let out a cry: 大叫了一声
＝utter/give a cry jump back several paces 后退了好几步
10.The airport came into use again. came into use: 不及物动词短语
Our time has already gone to use.(浪费掉，付诸东流)
11.She is respectable person.(被尊敬的人)-able 形容词后缀，跟在动词后表达＂能够被...的＂
This is a returnable bottle.