新概念第三册Lesson 15 Fifty pence worth of trouble讲义

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名称 新概念第三册Lesson 15 Fifty pence worth of trouble讲义
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版本资源 新概念英语
科目 英语
更新时间 2024-12-04 16:26:40

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新概念第三册
Lesson 15 Fifty pence worth of trouble
单词精讲
appreciate v.欣赏,感激
【释义】欣赏:认识到某人或某物的价值、品质或重要性并从中获得乐趣或钦佩;感激:对某人的帮助、好意等表示感谢。
【词源】源自拉丁语“appretiatus”,由“ad -”(表示加强)和“pretium”(价格、价值)组成,最初表示对价值的评估,后引申出欣赏和感激的意思。
【短语】appreciate art(欣赏艺术);appreciate one's help(感激某人的帮助)。
【例句】I really appreciate your kindness.(我真的很感激你的好意。)
pocket money(零用钱)
【释义】个人(尤其是孩子)定期得到的一小笔钱,用于个人开销,如购买小零食、小饰品等。
【词源】“pocket”(口袋)表示钱是放在口袋里用于随时支出的,“money”(钱),组合起来表示零用钱。
【短语】save pocket money(积攒零用钱);pocket money for shopping(用于购物的零用钱)。
【例句】My parents give me pocket money every week.(我的父母每周给我零用钱。)
thrifty(adj. 节约的)
【释义】在使用金钱、资源等方面小心谨慎,避免浪费的。
【词源】源自古英语“thrif”,有“繁荣、兴旺”的意思,节约有助于繁荣,逐渐演变为表示节约的形容词。
【短语】thrifty habits(节约的习惯);a thrifty housewife(一位节俭的家庭主妇)。
【例句】She is very thrifty and always saves a lot of money.(她非常节约,总是能省下很多钱。)
nephew(n. 侄子,外甥)
【释义】兄弟或姐妹的儿子。
【词源】源自拉丁语“nepos”,有“孙子、侄子”的意思。
【短语】my dear nephew(我亲爱的侄子/外甥);nephew's birthday(侄子/外甥的生日)。
【例句】My nephew is a very cute boy.(我的侄子/外甥是一个非常可爱的男孩。)
bounce(v.弹起,跳起)
【释义】使某物(如球等)从表面迅速弹回或跳起;也可表示人充满活力地跳跃。
【词源】可能是拟声词,模拟物体弹起时发出的声音。
【短语】bounce a ball(拍球);bounce up and down(上下跳动)。
【例句】The ball bounced high into the air.(球高高地弹向空中。)
pavement(n.人行道)
【释义】道路两旁供行人行走的部分。
【词源】源自拉丁语“pavimentum”,最初表示铺砌的地面,在现代英语中主要指人行道。
【短语】on the pavement(在人行道上);pavement café(街边咖啡馆,位于人行道旁)。
【例句】Don't ride your bike on the pavement.(不要在人行道上骑自行车。)
stick(stuck,stuck)(v. 卡住,夹住,不能再动)
【释义】(使)某物牢固地附着、固定在某个位置,或被某个东西阻挡而无法移动。
【词源】源自古英语“sticcan”,有“刺、插”的意思,后来引申为卡住、夹住等含义。
【短语】stick in the mud(陷入泥中;墨守成规);get stuck(被卡住)。
【例句】The key stuck in the lock.(钥匙卡在锁里了。)
brigade(n.旅,(消防)队)
【释义】军事上的编制单位,比团小、比营大;也指消防队等执行特定任务的队伍。
【词源】源自法语“brigade”,最初表示一群人或队伍。
【短语】fire brigade(消防队);a brigade of soldiers(一个旅的士兵)。
【例句】The fire brigade arrived very quickly.(消防队很快就到达了。)
grease(n. 润滑油)
【释义】一种浓稠的油性物质,用于减少机器部件之间的摩擦,起到润滑作用。
【词源】源自古英语“gr s”,有“脂肪、油脂”的意思。
【短语】grease the wheels(给轮子上油;使事情顺利进行);grease gun(注油枪)。
【例句】You need to put some grease on the bike chain.(你需要给自行车链条上点润滑油。)
二、课文精讲
1.Children always appreciate small gifts of money.孩子们总是喜欢得到一些零花钱。
Husbands always appreciate small gifts of beer money.
2.Mum or dad, of course,provide a regular supply ofpocket money, but uncles and aunts are always a source of extra income.爸妈妈当然经常会给孩子零花钱,但是,叔舅婶姨也是孩子们额外收入的来源。
provide a regular supply of ... 定期地提供
provide sth.for sb/provide sb.with sth. 为某人提供某物
a source of extra income:small gifts of money, pocket money, extra income
3.With some children, small sums go a long way.对于有些孩子来说,少量的钱可以花很长一段时间。
with some children, 介词with此处作“对于”讲。
go a long way, 可以维持很久,可买很多东西,
The money we have will go a long way.
go a long way towards : 对...大有帮助
 This will go a long way towards overcoming the difficulty.
介词with和for的区别:"对于...来说"
介词for…"关于,对于...来说,考虑到...的事实"
 The weather is quite warm for November.
For him,this will be an entirely new hobby.
介词with…"在某一方面" (多用于二者的比较)
 With some people,pleasure is more important than work.
Some people may accept that excuse,but it won't work with me.
4.If fifty pence pieces are not exchanged forsweets, they rattle for months inside money boxes.如果50便士不拿来换糖吃,则可以放在储蓄罐里叮当响上好几月。
pence: 便士(penny便士的复数:pennies)
a fifty pence: 一个五十便士的硬币
a fifty penies: 五十一便士的硬币
注意英语中的便士有两种复数形式pence和pennies, 但用法不同。
a fifty pence是指1个50便士的硬币,而fifty pennies是指50个1便士的硬币。
fifty pence is small prive=fifty pence is not much to pay
exchange for: 换取,以...来交换
注意英语中的便士有两种复数形式pence和pennies, 但用法不同。
rattle: 叮当作响=tinkle
5.Only very thrifty children manage to fill up a money box.但是能把储蓄罐装满的只有屈指可数的几个特别节俭的孩子。
fill up: 装满
(1)up…表示方向
  to…目的地,说话者所在处
  up to…表示到达目的地
  towards …表示朝某个方向
She ran up to him.
She ran towards him.
(2) 表示沿着,走向更远的地方,侧重强调距离更远了
  They walked up the street.
They children run up the garden path to greet their father.
(3) 系动词+up …表示消费、摧毁、彻底,光,用完
  Drink up your whisky.
Eat up your vegetable.
Finish it up.
burn up
use up
(4) 表示积存,从少到多,积小成多
  We must lay up some boiled food for the winter.
=store up,hold up,gather up
(5) 表示从河的上游到下游,河流入口处以上到源头的某一点
  They are sailing up the Thames.
The house is up the river.
(6) 动词+up…表示包起来、封住、盖住
  button up save up
wrap up wash up
lock up do up
fasten up
6.For most of them, fifty pence is a small price to pay for a nice big bar of chocolate.对大部分孩子来说,用50便士来买一大块好的巧克力,是算不了什么的。
s small price= not much money :并不是很多
Very few of the fifty pence pieces and pound coins I have given him have found their way there.我给了他不少50便士的硬币,但没有几个存到储蓄罐里。
have found their way there, 其中there是指储蓄罐。
find one's way在这里作“进入”讲,即放到“储蓄罐”里。
find their way there = reach 抵达,到达,找到自己的去处
 Rivers find their way to the sea.
How did such a foolish statement find its way into print.
All my books have already found their way there.
7. I gave him fifty pence yesterday and advised him to save it.昨天,我给了他50便士让他存起来,
advise: 建议
advise sb.to do sth.:说服某人做某事(失败的结果)
persuade sb.to do sth.:说服某人做某事(成功的结果)
8. George took off his jacket, rolled up his sleeves and pushed his right arm through the drain cover.乔治脱掉外套,卷起袖子,将右胳膊伸进了阴沟盖。
系列的动词构成平行结构take off ,rolled up, push
roll:(vi.)滚动(vt.)滚动
The pencil rolled under the table
 He rolled the ball towards the puppy.
roll up: 卷起,挽起
 We will need to roll up the carpet.
9. He could not find his fifty pence piece anywhere, and what is more, he could not get his arm out.
但他摸了半天也没找到那50便士硬币,他的胳膊反倒退不出来了。
what is more, 更有甚者。是固定词组,此处用作插入语。
what 引导的插入语
 What is more important.
What is worse.
What is more.
What is rare.
10. A crowd of people gathered round him and a lady rubbed his arm with soap and butter, but George was firmly stuck.这时在他周围围上了许多人,一位女士在乔治胳膊上抹了肥皂、黄油,但乔治的胳膊仍然卡得紧紧的。
gather round :聚在里面
rubbed his arm with sth.: 用...涂抹
firmly:坚定的,稳固的(加强语气)
11. The fire brigade was called and two fire fighters freed George using a special type of grease.有人打电话叫来消防队,两位消防队员使用了一种特殊的润滑剂才使乔治得以解脱。
using…现在分词做状语,强调一种方式
12. because the lady who owns the sweet shop heard about his troubles and rewarded him with a large box of chocolates.为糖果店老板娘听说了他遇到的麻烦后,赏给他一大盒巧克力。
rewarded...with: 用...来奖赏某人。
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