新概念第三册 Lesson 19 A very dear cat 讲义

新概念第三册
Lesson 19 A very dear cat
单词精讲
dear [di ] a.亲爱的；珍贵的；昂贵的
释义：作形容词时，有“亲爱的”（用于表示亲昵关系，如dear friend亲爱的朋友）、“珍贵的”（形容事物非常宝贵，如a dear memory珍贵的回忆）、“昂贵的”（表示价格高，如a dear price昂贵的价格）的意思。
词源：源自古英语“deore”，表示珍贵的、昂贵的。
短语：dear to（对…是宝贵的），例如：His family is very dear to him.（他的家人对他来说非常宝贵。）
例句：My dear mother is always there for me.（我亲爱的母亲总是在我身边。）
kidnapper n.绑架者，拐骗者
释义：指实施绑架或拐骗行为的人。
词源：由“kidnap”（绑架、拐骗）这个动词加上表示人的后缀“ -er”构成。“kidnap”由“kid”（小孩）和“nap”（偷）组成，最初表示偷小孩。
短语：kidnapper for ransom（绑架勒索者）
例句：The police are looking for the kidnapper who took the little girl.（警方正在寻找绑架小女孩的绑架者。）
considerable [k n'sid r bl] a.相当大的
释义：表示在数量、程度、规模等方面相当可观、值得重视的。
词源：来自“consider”（考虑），能让人加以考虑的，必然是有一定份量的，从而引申出“相当大的”的意思。
短语：a considerable amount（相当数量），例如：There is a considerable amount of work to be done.（有相当多的工作要做。）
例句：He has made considerable progress in his studies.（他在学习上取得了相当大的进步。）
wealthy ['welθi] a.富的，有钱的
释义：拥有大量财产、财富的。
词源：源自古英语“welig”，与“wealth”（财富）相关。
短语：wealthy family（富裕家庭），例如：He was born into a wealthy family.（他出生在一个富裕家庭。）
例句：The wealthy businessman donated a lot of money to the school.（这位富有的商人向学校捐赠了很多钱。）
orderly [' :d li] a.有规律的
释义：有条理的、整齐的、有秩序的。
词源：由“order”（秩序、顺序）加上“ -ly”构成。
短语：orderly arrangement（有序排列），例如：The books on the shelf are in an orderly arrangement.（书架上的书排列有序。）
例句：An orderly queue formed outside the store.（商店外面排起了整齐的队伍。）
disappearance ['dis 'pi r ns] n.失踪
释义：指人或事物突然不见、消失的状态或事件。
词源：由“dis - ”（表示否定、相反）和“appearance”（出现）组成，即不出现，也就是失踪。
短语：sudden disappearance（突然失踪），例如：The sudden disappearance of the plane is still a mystery.（飞机的突然失踪仍然是个谜。）
例句：Her disappearance worried her family a great deal.（她的失踪让她的家人非常担心。）
anonymous [ 'n nim s] a.匿名的
释义：不具名的、匿名的，身份不被公开知道的。
词源：源自希腊语“anōnumos”，由“an - ”（无）和“ōnumos”（名字）组成。
短语：anonymous letter（匿名信），例如：He received an anonymous letter yesterday.（他昨天收到了一封匿名信。）
例句：The anonymous donor gave a large sum of money to the charity.（匿名捐赠者向慈善机构捐赠了一大笔钱。）
ransom ['r ns m] n.赎金
释义：为赎回被绑架、扣押的人或物而支付的钱或等价物。
词源：源自古法语“ran on”，表示赎回。
短语：pay ransom（支付赎金），例如：The kidnappers demanded a huge ransom.（绑架者索要巨额赎金。）
例句：The family managed to raise the ransom to save their kidnapped son.（家人设法筹集赎金来解救被绑架的儿子。）
cardboard ['ka:db :d] n.硬纸板
释义：一种厚而硬的纸制品，通常用于制作盒子、模型等。
词源：由“card”（卡片）和“board”（板子）组合而成。
短语：cardboard box（纸板箱），例如：The books were packed in a cardboard box.（书被装在一个纸板箱里。）
例句：The children made a house out of cardboard.（孩子们用硬纸板做了一个房子。）
withdraw [wi 'dr :] v.(从银行)取钱
释义：还有“撤回、撤离、收回”等意思，在“(从银行)取钱”这个义项中，指从银行账户中取出钱款。
词源：源自古英语“wi drāwan”，由“wi - ”（回、逆）和“drāwan”（拉）组成，即往回拉，引申出撤回、取钱等意思。
短语：withdraw money（取钱），例如：I need to withdraw some money from the ATM.（我需要从自动取款机取些钱。）
例句：He withdrew a large sum of money from his bank account yesterday.（他昨天从他的银行账户中取出了一大笔钱。）
punctually ad.准时地
释义：按照规定的时间、准时地做某事。
词源：由“punctual”（准时的）加上“ -ly”构成副词形式。“punctual”源自拉丁语“punctus”，与“point”（点、时刻）有关，表示在某一时刻正好。
短语：arrive punctually（准时到达），例如：He always arrives punctually at the meeting.（他总是准时到达会议。）
例句：The train left punctually at 9 o'clock.（火车9点准时出发。）
astound [ s'taund] v.使吃惊
释义：使某人极度惊讶、惊愕。
词源：由“as - ”（加强意义）和“stound”（使震惊）组成。
短语：be astounded at（对…感到惊愕），例如：She was astounded at the news.（她对这个消息感到惊愕。）
例句：His performance astounded the audience.（他的表演使观众大为吃惊。）
二、课文精讲
1 Why was Rastus very dear in more ways than one
2 Kidnappers are rarely interested in animals, but they recently took considerable interest in Mrs.Rarely = seldom adv.很少地be interest in = take interest in （一句话中用不同的表达方式, 是为了避免从复）took great interest in = take enormous/tremendous interest in
3 Eleanor Ramsay s cat. Mrs. Eleanor Ramsay, a very wealthy old lady, has shared a flat with her cat, Rastus, for a great many years.share something with somebody 和某人分享某物-- I share the room with my friend.For a great many years = for a long time.
4 Rastus leads an orderly life. He usually takes a short walk in the evenings and is always home by seven o clock.Orderly adj.有秩序的, 有顺序的Discipline v.训练 n.纪律, 学科 Disciplined n.受过训练的,遵守纪律的Regular adj.规则的, 有秩序的takes a short walk = goes for a walk = goes for a strollstroll n.漫步, 闲逛
5 One evening, however, he failed to arrive.Mrs. Ramsay got very worried. She looked everywhere for him but could not find him.However的使用表明：he isn’t home that evening.look for, find
6 There days after Rastus disappearance, Mrs. Ramsay received an anonymous letter.after可以和名词搭配　　-- three days after Johnson’s arrival. 约翰逊到来三天之后。-- three days after the kidnapper’s appearance.
7 The writer stated that Rastus was in safe hands and would be returned immediately if Mrs. Ramsay paid a ransom of $1,000.State 非常正式的声明
8 Mrs. Ramsay was instructed to place the money in a cardboard box and to leave it outside her door.Instruct = order（vt.命令） = tell formally（adv.正式地, 形式上）be instructed to do something-- The journalist was instructed to obtain the exact statistics.
9 At first she decided to go to the police, but fearing that she would never see Rastus again – the letter had made that quite clear -- she changed her mind.Fearing 现在分词做原因状语make it clear to somebody that…（it是形式主语）-- The teacher has made it clear to us that we must read English aloud every day.
10 She withdrew $1000 from her bank and followed the kidnapper s instructions.
11 The next morning, the box had disappeared but Mrs. Ramsay was sure that the kidnapper would keep his word.Keep his word = keep his promise 遵守诺言 word表示诺言时, 要采用单数形式keep his word 遵守诺言 / break his word 失信用give somebody one s word 向某人保证-- I give you my word that I will return your bicycle.as good as one s word 表示守信用（侧重点在于强调一个结果）-- He promised to pay me the money and he was as good as his word. 他许诺把钱给我, 正如他所言他遵守了他的诺言。go back on one s word 食言, 违背诺言
12 Sure enough, Rastus arrived punctually at seven o clock that evening.sure enough 强调确实如此-- I said it would happen, and sure enough it did happen.
13 He looked very well though he was rather thirsty, for he drank half a bottle of milk.half a bottle of milk 半瓶牛奶half the money 一半的钱 / half the distance 一半的距离
14 The police were astounded when Mrs. Ramsay told them what she had done.She explained that Rastus was very dear to her.
15 Considering the amount she paid, he was dear in more ways than one!in more ways than one = in many waysdear具有双重意义（即是亲爱的, 又是昂贵的）