2025届高考英语二轮复习：典例分析 专题五 介词学案（含解析）
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专题五 介词
典例分析
名词在高考中的考点：
介词的句法功能
常考介词的用法
介词短语与固定搭配
介词辨析
解题技巧：
分析具体语境，注意介词含义
常常设置语境考查介词，要仔细分析，正确理解，弄清命题意图，填出正确答案。
积累介词用法，注意一词多义
弄清易混介词用法的异同，根据语境灵活选用介词。
体会英语本义，注意固定搭配
复习时，要系统复习同一介词与不同动词、名词、形容词搭配构成的短语意义。英语中一些介词的搭配是固定的，选择时要从英语本义上考虑，不能看其汉语表面意思。
分类归纳短语，构建知识网络
对短语进行归纳、比较。一方面要揣测命题人的意图，分析句子结构，正确理解句子的意思；另一方面要掌握动词词组的不同意思，并且能区别相似词组的意思，从而填出答案。
典例剖析：
【2024·新课标Ⅰ卷】The Glasshouse stands __________ a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing(追溯) the steps along the Silk Route that/which brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England.
答案：as 解析：考查介词。句意：这座温室是当代设计的巅峰之作，位于追溯丝绸之路的道路尽头，将中国西南的植物容纳其中，将这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英格兰，定义了英格兰园艺的丰富性。stand as是固定搭配，意为"作为"。故填as。
【2024·新课标Ⅱ卷】I happen to know that Tang's play The Peony Pavilion(《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways __________ Romeo and Juliet.
答案：to 解析：考查介词。句意：汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。我碰巧知道汤显祖的戏剧《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。be similar to是固定搭配，意为"与……相似"。故填to。
【2023·新课标Ⅰ卷】There, you'll find them prepared differently—more dumpling and less soup—and the wrappers are pressed __________ hand rather than rolled.
答案：by 解析：考查介词。句意:在那里，你会发现它们的制作方式不同——更多汤包，更少的汤，包子皮是用手压的，而不是擀出来的。by hand是固定搭配，意为"用手工"。故填by。
【2023·新课标Ⅱ卷】And who do they speak English __________
答案：with 解析：考查介词。句意：他们和谁说英语？这道题的语序可以看成they speak English __________ who，句子中有主语they，speak后有宾语，而who缺少一个介词，who做介词的宾语；talk with sb.是固定搭配，意为"和某人交谈"。故填with。
【2022·新课标Ⅰ卷】Giant pandas also serve __________ an umbrella species(物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China.
答案：as 解析：考查介词。句意：大熊猫还扮演着保护伞的角色，为中国西南和西北地区的许多动植物带来保护。serve as是固定搭配，意为"充当"。故填as。
重案突破
一、语法填空
1. After working for several weeks, she felt completely burned ______ and needed a break.
2. This rule applies ______ all students, regardless of their grade level or extracurricular activities.
3. She took some time to reflect ______ her mistakes and learned valuable lessons from them.
4. Do you still remember the day _____ which we first met each other
5. He has been kept______ prison for weeks and becomes very thin now.
6. You can get the watch either in person or______ mail.
7. The remaining streets offer a window _________ a fascinating period in our history.
8. _____ all sorts of communication software, physical distance no longer gets in the way.
9. When we are talking with fellow humans, most of our souls are exposed _____ non-verbal communication.
10. At the last moment, the police officer seized the thief _____ the arm.
11. He will be rewarded _____ an English dictionary _____ the progress he has made in English.
12. She was good at physics______ the fact that she found it boring.
13. Electric cars produce about 80 percent less pollution than those______ gas-powered motors.
14. Life mainly consists _____ happiness and sorrow while happiness consists _____ the struggle.
15. She could not find a single person _____ whom she could turn for help in the complete darkness.
二、单选题
16. _________his knowledge of the mountainous country, John Smith was appointed as our guide.
A. In spite of B. On account of C. Regardless of D. Instead of
17. ______his efforts to achieve peace and international cooperation, the President was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.
A. Far from B. Regardless of C. Rather than D. Due to
18. __________ the stress-triggering hypothesis, the scientists conclude that faults are unpredictably responsive to subtle stresses they obtain as neighboring faults shift.
A. Based on B. According to C. But for D. In case of
19. They believe that there are transport developments _________ that will bring a lot of changes for the better.
A. at the sight of B. in common use C. around the clock D. around the corner
20. He wants to be a success, but ______, he doesn’t want to work hard.
A．in other words B．as a result C．on the other hand D．in the end
21. It is quite ______ me what it feels like to be flying in the sky.
A. beyond B. without C. beside D. across
22. While researching ways of boosting the immune system, the team ended up stumbling___________ a remarkable new method of treating cancer.
A. at B. into C. upon D. against
23. I’m __________ the decision to continue the event instead of cancelling it. It is very important to many people.
A. in possession of B. in favor of C. in search of D. in fear of
24. They live ______ harmony with each other in the district regardless ______ their belonging to different ethnic groups.
A. at; on B. for; with C. to; by D. in; of
25. This special school accepts all disabled students, ________ educational level and background.
A. according to B. regardless of C. in addition to D. in terms of
答案及解析
一、语法填空
1.答案：out
解析：考查固定短语。句意：工作了几个星期后，她感到精疲力竭，需要休息一下。短语burnt/burned out表示“筋疲力尽的”，作表语。故填out。
2.答案：to
解析：考查介词。句意：这条规则适用于所有学生，无论他们的年级水平或课外活动。apply to为固定搭配，表示“适用于”，符合句意。故填to。
3.答案：on/upon
解析：考查介词。句意：她花了一些时间来反省自己的错误，并从中吸取了宝贵的教训。句中reflect on/upon为固定短语，意为“反省……”。故填on/upon。
4.答案：on
解析：考查介词。设空处前面是the day,此处指你还记得我们第一次见面的那天吗 即“We first met each other _____ the day.”, which指代the day,由与先行词的固定搭配(on the day)可知填on。该句中“介词+关系代词(on which)”引导定语从句。
5.答案：in
解析：考查介词。句意:他被关在监狱里几个星期了,他现在变得非常瘦。in prison意为“在狱中”.
6.答案：by
解析：考查介词。by mail为固定搭配,表示“通过邮寄的方式”。句意:你既可以亲自来取表,也可以以邮寄的方式获得
7.答案：into
解析：考查介词。句意：剩下的道路给我们提供了一个窗户可以看到我们历史上的神奇时期。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查表示“进入……里”的介词。故填into.
8.答案：With
解析：考查介词。句意：有了各种各样的通信软件，物理距离不再成为障碍。分析句子可知，空处应填 介词with，表示“带有，有”，位于句首首字母大写。故填With。
9.答案：by/through
解析：句意为:当我们与他人交谈时,我们的大部分内心是通过非语言交流表露出来的。根据句意可知,此处应用by/through,意为“通过”。故填by/through。
10.答案：by
解析：考查介词。“seize sb. by the+身体部位”意为“抓住某人的某个部位”。
11.答案：with; for
解析：考查介词。句意:他将因在英语上取得的进步而被奖励一本英语词典。Sb. be rewarded with sth. for sth.意为“某人因某事而被奖励某物”。故第一空填with,第二空填for。
12.答案：despite
解析：句意为:尽管她认为物理学枯燥无味,她却学得很好。分析句子结构可知,the fact是名词词组,前面要用介词;根据句意,前后两部分是让步关系,应填despite,意为“尽管;即使”。
13.答案：with
解析：考查介词。句意：电动汽车比汽油驱动的汽车产生的污染少大概百分之八十。题干中的“gas-powered motors”是对those指代的cars的修饰，表示“带有汽油驱动的发动机”，所以用with来表示“具有”或“带有”，故填with。
14.答案：of; in
解析：考查介词。句意:人生主要由快乐和悲伤组成,而幸福在于奋斗。consist of 为固定搭配,意为“由……组成”;consist in 为固定搭配,意为“在于;存在于”。
15.答案： to
解析：句意为:在一片漆黑中,她找不到一个可以求助的人。分析句子结构可知,此处为“介词+whom”引导的限制性定语从句,根据从句的结构可知,从句中包含turn to sb for help这一固定结构,此处把介词to提至关系代词之前,故使用介词to。
二、单选题
16.答案：B
解析：考查介词短语的辨析。句意：考虑到他对乡村知识的了解，John被任命为我们的向导。A.In spite of虽然，尽管……；B.On account of考虑到，基于，由于；C.Regardless of不管，不顾；D.Instead of代替，而不是。分析句子可知此处缺少原因状语，“On account of考虑到，基于后”接宾语作原因状语，故选B。
17.答案：D
解析：考查介词短语辨析。句意：由于他为实现和平和国际合作所做的努力，总统被授予诺贝尔和平奖。A. Far from远非；B. Regardless of不管，不顾；C. Rather than而不是；D. Due to由于。结合句意，表示原因，应用due to。故选D项。
18.答案：B
解析：考查介词短语辨析。句意：根据应力触发假说，科学家们得出结论，当邻近的断层移动时，断层会对细微的应力产生不可预测的反应。A. Based on基于；B. According to根据；C. But for要不是；D. In case of万一。根据句意可知，此处为介词短语According to“据说，根据”，满足句意要求。故选B项。
19.答案：D
解析：考查介词短语辨析。句意：他们相信即将到来的交通发展将带来许多更好的变化。A. at the sight of看到；B. in common use普及；C. around the clock不分昼夜地；D. around the corner即将来临；在附近。分析句子结构可知，that从句为定语从句，为一般将来时，空格处也应使用表将来时间的短语，故选D项。
20.答案：C
解析：考查介词短语辨析。句意:他想要成功，但另一方面，他又不想努力工作。
21.答案：A
解析：考查介词词义辨析。句意：我完全无法想象在天空中飞行的感觉。A. beyond 超出，非（某人）所能理解；B. without 没有；C. beside 在……旁边；D. across 穿过、遍及。根据句意，表示“在天空中飞行的感觉超出了我的想象”，应用beyond。故选A。
22.答案：C
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：在研究增强免疫系统的方法时，该团队最终偶然发现了一种治疗癌症的非凡新方法。stumble常与into和upon组成动词短语：stumble into偶尔走入；stumble upon偶然发现。“stumble upon a new method”意为“发现一种新方法”，符合句意的需要，故选C。
23.答案：B
解析：考查介词短语辨析。句意：我赞成继续举办这次活动，而不是取消它。这对许多人来说是非常重要的。A. in possession of拥有；B. in favor of赞成；C. in search of寻找；D. in fear of害怕。根据后文It is very important to many people.可知，此处表示“赞成”。故选B。
24.答案：D
解析：考查介词。句意：他们不分民族,在这个地区和睦相处。live in harmony with意为“和……和睦相处”,所以第一处应用介词in。regardless of意为“不管,不顾”,所以此处应用介词of。故选D。
25.答案：B
解析：考查短语辨析。according to根据,regardless of不顾,不管,in addition to此外,in terms of就什么而言,句意:这所特殊的学校接收了所有的残疾学生,不顾他们的教育水平和背景。故选B。
典例分析
名词在高考中的考点：
介词的句法功能
常考介词的用法
介词短语与固定搭配
介词辨析
解题技巧：
分析具体语境，注意介词含义
常常设置语境考查介词，要仔细分析，正确理解，弄清命题意图，填出正确答案。
积累介词用法，注意一词多义
弄清易混介词用法的异同，根据语境灵活选用介词。
体会英语本义，注意固定搭配
复习时，要系统复习同一介词与不同动词、名词、形容词搭配构成的短语意义。英语中一些介词的搭配是固定的，选择时要从英语本义上考虑，不能看其汉语表面意思。
分类归纳短语，构建知识网络
对短语进行归纳、比较。一方面要揣测命题人的意图，分析句子结构，正确理解句子的意思；另一方面要掌握动词词组的不同意思，并且能区别相似词组的意思，从而填出答案。
典例剖析：
【2024·新课标Ⅰ卷】The Glasshouse stands __________ a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing(追溯) the steps along the Silk Route that/which brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England.
答案：as 解析：考查介词。句意：这座温室是当代设计的巅峰之作，位于追溯丝绸之路的道路尽头，将中国西南的植物容纳其中，将这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英格兰，定义了英格兰园艺的丰富性。stand as是固定搭配，意为"作为"。故填as。
【2024·新课标Ⅱ卷】I happen to know that Tang's play The Peony Pavilion(《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways __________ Romeo and Juliet.
答案：to 解析：考查介词。句意：汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。我碰巧知道汤显祖的戏剧《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。be similar to是固定搭配，意为"与……相似"。故填to。
【2023·新课标Ⅰ卷】There, you'll find them prepared differently—more dumpling and less soup—and the wrappers are pressed __________ hand rather than rolled.
答案：by 解析：考查介词。句意:在那里，你会发现它们的制作方式不同——更多汤包，更少的汤，包子皮是用手压的，而不是擀出来的。by hand是固定搭配，意为"用手工"。故填by。
【2023·新课标Ⅱ卷】And who do they speak English __________
答案：with 解析：考查介词。句意：他们和谁说英语？这道题的语序可以看成they speak English __________ who，句子中有主语they，speak后有宾语，而who缺少一个介词，who做介词的宾语；talk with sb.是固定搭配，意为"和某人交谈"。故填with。
【2022·新课标Ⅰ卷】Giant pandas also serve __________ an umbrella species(物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China.
答案：as 解析：考查介词。句意：大熊猫还扮演着保护伞的角色，为中国西南和西北地区的许多动植物带来保护。serve as是固定搭配，意为"充当"。故填as。
重案突破
一、语法填空
1. After working for several weeks, she felt completely burned ______ and needed a break.
2. This rule applies ______ all students, regardless of their grade level or extracurricular activities.
3. She took some time to reflect ______ her mistakes and learned valuable lessons from them.
4. Do you still remember the day _____ which we first met each other
5. He has been kept______ prison for weeks and becomes very thin now.
6. You can get the watch either in person or______ mail.
7. The remaining streets offer a window _________ a fascinating period in our history.
8. _____ all sorts of communication software, physical distance no longer gets in the way.
9. When we are talking with fellow humans, most of our souls are exposed _____ non-verbal communication.
10. At the last moment, the police officer seized the thief _____ the arm.
11. He will be rewarded _____ an English dictionary _____ the progress he has made in English.
12. She was good at physics______ the fact that she found it boring.
13. Electric cars produce about 80 percent less pollution than those______ gas-powered motors.
14. Life mainly consists _____ happiness and sorrow while happiness consists _____ the struggle.
15. She could not find a single person _____ whom she could turn for help in the complete darkness.
二、单选题
16. _________his knowledge of the mountainous country, John Smith was appointed as our guide.
A. In spite of B. On account of C. Regardless of D. Instead of
17. ______his efforts to achieve peace and international cooperation, the President was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.
A. Far from B. Regardless of C. Rather than D. Due to
18. __________ the stress-triggering hypothesis, the scientists conclude that faults are unpredictably responsive to subtle stresses they obtain as neighboring faults shift.
A. Based on B. According to C. But for D. In case of
19. They believe that there are transport developments _________ that will bring a lot of changes for the better.
A. at the sight of B. in common use C. around the clock D. around the corner
20. He wants to be a success, but ______, he doesn’t want to work hard.
A．in other words B．as a result C．on the other hand D．in the end
21. It is quite ______ me what it feels like to be flying in the sky.
A. beyond B. without C. beside D. across
22. While researching ways of boosting the immune system, the team ended up stumbling___________ a remarkable new method of treating cancer.
A. at B. into C. upon D. against
23. I’m __________ the decision to continue the event instead of cancelling it. It is very important to many people.
A. in possession of B. in favor of C. in search of D. in fear of
24. They live ______ harmony with each other in the district regardless ______ their belonging to different ethnic groups.
A. at; on B. for; with C. to; by D. in; of
25. This special school accepts all disabled students, ________ educational level and background.
A. according to B. regardless of C. in addition to D. in terms of
答案及解析
一、语法填空
1.答案：out
解析：考查固定短语。句意：工作了几个星期后，她感到精疲力竭，需要休息一下。短语burnt/burned out表示“筋疲力尽的”，作表语。故填out。
2.答案：to
解析：考查介词。句意：这条规则适用于所有学生，无论他们的年级水平或课外活动。apply to为固定搭配，表示“适用于”，符合句意。故填to。
3.答案：on/upon
解析：考查介词。句意：她花了一些时间来反省自己的错误，并从中吸取了宝贵的教训。句中reflect on/upon为固定短语，意为“反省……”。故填on/upon。
4.答案：on
解析：考查介词。设空处前面是the day,此处指你还记得我们第一次见面的那天吗 即“We first met each other _____ the day.”, which指代the day,由与先行词的固定搭配(on the day)可知填on。该句中“介词+关系代词(on which)”引导定语从句。
5.答案：in
解析：考查介词。句意:他被关在监狱里几个星期了,他现在变得非常瘦。in prison意为“在狱中”.
6.答案：by
解析：考查介词。by mail为固定搭配,表示“通过邮寄的方式”。句意:你既可以亲自来取表,也可以以邮寄的方式获得
7.答案：into
解析：考查介词。句意：剩下的道路给我们提供了一个窗户可以看到我们历史上的神奇时期。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查表示“进入……里”的介词。故填into.
8.答案：With
解析：考查介词。句意：有了各种各样的通信软件，物理距离不再成为障碍。分析句子可知，空处应填 介词with，表示“带有，有”，位于句首首字母大写。故填With。
9.答案：by/through
解析：句意为:当我们与他人交谈时,我们的大部分内心是通过非语言交流表露出来的。根据句意可知,此处应用by/through,意为“通过”。故填by/through。
10.答案：by
解析：考查介词。“seize sb. by the+身体部位”意为“抓住某人的某个部位”。
11.答案：with; for
解析：考查介词。句意:他将因在英语上取得的进步而被奖励一本英语词典。Sb. be rewarded with sth. for sth.意为“某人因某事而被奖励某物”。故第一空填with,第二空填for。
12.答案：despite
解析：句意为:尽管她认为物理学枯燥无味,她却学得很好。分析句子结构可知,the fact是名词词组,前面要用介词;根据句意,前后两部分是让步关系,应填despite,意为“尽管;即使”。
13.答案：with
解析：考查介词。句意：电动汽车比汽油驱动的汽车产生的污染少大概百分之八十。题干中的“gas-powered motors”是对those指代的cars的修饰，表示“带有汽油驱动的发动机”，所以用with来表示“具有”或“带有”，故填with。
14.答案：of; in
解析：考查介词。句意:人生主要由快乐和悲伤组成,而幸福在于奋斗。consist of 为固定搭配,意为“由……组成”;consist in 为固定搭配,意为“在于;存在于”。
15.答案： to
解析：句意为:在一片漆黑中,她找不到一个可以求助的人。分析句子结构可知,此处为“介词+whom”引导的限制性定语从句,根据从句的结构可知,从句中包含turn to sb for help这一固定结构,此处把介词to提至关系代词之前,故使用介词to。
二、单选题
16.答案：B
解析：考查介词短语的辨析。句意：考虑到他对乡村知识的了解，John被任命为我们的向导。A.In spite of虽然，尽管……；B.On account of考虑到，基于，由于；C.Regardless of不管，不顾；D.Instead of代替，而不是。分析句子可知此处缺少原因状语，“On account of考虑到，基于后”接宾语作原因状语，故选B。
17.答案：D
解析：考查介词短语辨析。句意：由于他为实现和平和国际合作所做的努力，总统被授予诺贝尔和平奖。A. Far from远非；B. Regardless of不管，不顾；C. Rather than而不是；D. Due to由于。结合句意，表示原因，应用due to。故选D项。
18.答案：B
解析：考查介词短语辨析。句意：根据应力触发假说，科学家们得出结论，当邻近的断层移动时，断层会对细微的应力产生不可预测的反应。A. Based on基于；B. According to根据；C. But for要不是；D. In case of万一。根据句意可知，此处为介词短语According to“据说，根据”，满足句意要求。故选B项。
19.答案：D
解析：考查介词短语辨析。句意：他们相信即将到来的交通发展将带来许多更好的变化。A. at the sight of看到；B. in common use普及；C. around the clock不分昼夜地；D. around the corner即将来临；在附近。分析句子结构可知，that从句为定语从句，为一般将来时，空格处也应使用表将来时间的短语，故选D项。
20.答案：C
解析：考查介词短语辨析。句意:他想要成功，但另一方面，他又不想努力工作。
21.答案：A
解析：考查介词词义辨析。句意：我完全无法想象在天空中飞行的感觉。A. beyond 超出，非（某人）所能理解；B. without 没有；C. beside 在……旁边；D. across 穿过、遍及。根据句意，表示“在天空中飞行的感觉超出了我的想象”，应用beyond。故选A。
22.答案：C
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：在研究增强免疫系统的方法时，该团队最终偶然发现了一种治疗癌症的非凡新方法。stumble常与into和upon组成动词短语：stumble into偶尔走入；stumble upon偶然发现。“stumble upon a new method”意为“发现一种新方法”，符合句意的需要，故选C。
23.答案：B
解析：考查介词短语辨析。句意：我赞成继续举办这次活动，而不是取消它。这对许多人来说是非常重要的。A. in possession of拥有；B. in favor of赞成；C. in search of寻找；D. in fear of害怕。根据后文It is very important to many people.可知，此处表示“赞成”。故选B。
24.答案：D
解析：考查介词。句意：他们不分民族,在这个地区和睦相处。live in harmony with意为“和……和睦相处”,所以第一处应用介词in。regardless of意为“不管,不顾”,所以此处应用介词of。故选D。
25.答案：B
解析：考查短语辨析。according to根据,regardless of不顾,不管,in addition to此外,in terms of就什么而言,句意:这所特殊的学校接收了所有的残疾学生,不顾他们的教育水平和背景。故选B。