/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
题型过关第5讲 词汇运用
基础语法知识
一、句型结构
简单句:主+谓+宾
主+系+表
主+及物动词+宾讲
主+不及物动词+介词+宾语
祈使句:do型 be型 let型
二、各词性分析
1.名词 1) 名词在句子中的位置
主语，动词后作宾语、介词后作宾语、表语、冠词之后，数词，形容词之后
2) 名词词形技巧:主要考虑名词的单复数及其所有格形式。名词注意原词复现
2.动词
1)动词出现的位置:
主宾或介宾之间的动词，be动词后的动词;情态动词之后缺动词:并列关系中的动词:v-ing作主语，祈使句句首、介词后的v-ing、v-ing和to do
之前.
2)动词词形技巧:主要考虑是要填动词的谓语形式(原形、第三人称单数、过去式、
现在分词及其过去分词形式。)
3.形容词 1) 形容词出现的位置作表语，作定语修饰名词、放在不定代词之后、放在定冠词
the之后表一类人，even、much、a little后加ad.或者adv.的比较级、so/as...as中间跟adj.或者adv.的原级.
2) 形容词词形技巧:
主要考虑形容词原形，比较级、最高级形式
4.副词 1) 副词出现的位置A.句首，作状语修饰整个句子
B.在动宾结构之后或系表结构之间表程度、方式、频率等，修饰动词
C.在所修饰的形容词之前，作程度副词
2).副词词形技巧:主要考虑副词原形、比较级、最高级形式。
5.代词
1) 代词的分类:人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、不定代词
人称代词常考:them、it 反身代词常考:themselves、yourself
by oneself:独自teach oneself =learn by oneself help oneself
不定代词常考:someone、something、everything、nothing、others、one
either、neither other:后面必须加复数名词the other:两者当中的另一个others=other +复数名词:有一些 the others:剩下的全部another:+单数名词或者是数词
it 和 one
it: 同类同物 one:同类异物
2) 代词的位置: 作主语、宾语
3) 代词的技巧:若指代的是上文中出现的，则用人称代词;若是不确定指的是什么,
则用不定代词;若是表示强调某人自己，则用反身代词
6.介词
1) 介词的分类:时间介词、地点介词、通过类介词
at、in、on、with、between、among、about、without、like、by、through、for、
back、between、as、away、against
2) 介词的位置动词之后连接宾语、完整的句子之后接名词短语或者代词
3) 介词的技巧若确定不了该空的词性，先把其他空填了，最后再来确定
7.连词
1) 连词的分类:逻辑连词、从属连词
逻辑连词:and、if、because、but、though、unless、or
从属连词:宾语从词:that、if、whether、what、who、how...
定语从句:that、which、who、whom、whose、where、why、when
状语从句:when、while、as long as、as soon as、so..that
2) 连词的位置 一般都是连接句子，有很小的可能连接并列的谓语、宾语、主语等
3) 连词的技巧 确定该空填连词后，需根据上下文的逻辑关系来推断出连词的使用
【选词填空做题技巧】
12选 10的解题技巧要抓住两点:一是“放远”，二是“看近”
放远:一篇短文填空题是一个有机的整体。通读全文、明了大意、理清观点、分清层次
是十分重要的一步。依据上下文，语境，眼光放远，从头到尾，按日常认识事物的规律，填
上所选的词，通顺。
技巧:
1.根据上下文的逻辑关系进行推测:注意上下文的逻辑联系和文章的逻辑关系是做好短文填
空题的关键，它要求考生在了解文章大意的基础上,联系上下文,运用思维逻辑进行比较、判断，找出既符合短文的词义
2.根据语篇标志进行推测:语篇一般是指比单一句子长的语言单位，如句群、段落、篇章等。
语篇和语篇之间往往有标明其内在联系的词语，这些词语称为“语篇标志”，例如:表示结构层次的 firstly, secondly等，表示逻辑关系的therefore,so, but等，表示话题改变的by the way,
for example, and so on, fore instance等。充分利用这些语篇标志可以迅速理清文章的脉络，弄清上下文之间的关系。
3.根据文化背景知识进行推测:短文空题考查的知识面较广，从文化、科学常识，到历史地理
知识;从风俗民情到民族习惯等等，无所不考。考生在做这类题时，要特别注意中西文化方面所存在的差异。具备了一定的文化背景知识，才能比较准确地判断出正确的词义.
4.根据常识进行判断:中学生已经掌握了较丰富的科学与生活常识，也具备了一定的判断能
力。在考查语言知识和技能的同时，考查这些简单的常识性的问题，也是对学生知识面的检测。
看近:形式上有残缺(若干个空)，但它的内容、语言习惯，句与句之间的衔接点，句子与段落之间的联系，段落与段落之间的逻辑顺序仍或隐或现地存在于篇章之中。依据此句前后，眼光就近。运用基本语言知识(词法和语法):动副、动宾、介宾、系形、短语动词、短语介词、搭配、结构.
技巧:
1.根据语法知识进行推测:对于考查语法知识的考题,不仅要理解上下文的逻辑关系，更要有
针对性地对语法结构、句式特点进行分析，并根据其语法结构和句式特点进行合理推测，从而迅速判断出正确的词义.
2.运用词汇知识进行判断:短文填空题中对词汇知识的考查，主要集中在词语的搭配和同义词
的辨析两大方面。要做好这类题目，首先要有较大的词汇量，较强的词语搭配能力，以及在语句中理解词义的能力，做题时要结合上下文的语境，确定词义.
【选词填空做题步骤】
做题步骤
1.通读全文，把握大意，确定主旨。
2.身临其境，切身体会，确定词义。
3.周密分析，瞻前顾后，确定词形。
4.复读原文，仔细检查，确定验收.
做选词填空题的基本步骤是:先通览全文，掌握文章大意;然后再根据文章的语境特点从词语搭配、习惯用法、上下文的逻辑关系以及一般的生活常识等方面进行分析，从而选出既合语法又合语境的答案。做选词填空题的通常方法有:
1.词语搭配法:即根据词语的搭配习惯来选择正确的答案。你平时一定要注意掌握一些常用
词汇的基本及其有关的搭配。
2.语法判断法:即通过语法分析来判断正确答案，比如被选项若为是名词，则应根据填空句
的上下文确定该名词的单复数以及是否用所有格等;若被选项为动词，则应考虑其时态、语态、搭配以及非谓语形式等。
3.语境分析法:即根据上下文的具体语境，利用所学过知识和平时所积累的经验，选出最符
合题意的选项。
4.对比排除法:有时对于一些难题，可试着将各个选项逐一填人空白处，然后进行综合比较，
排除不适合的，选出最恰当的。
(1)
have photo on well play love be and family year
Hello, everyone! I’m Li Xin. I’m 13. I am from Huanggang. I am happy to talk about my family. Here is my family 1 . This is my grandfather. He is 70 2 old. He likes fishing. Next to him 3 my grandmother. She is 68. She likes reading and gardening. And she has a pet dog. She often 4 with it.
My dad is 5 the left. He’s tall and handsome. He likes sport. His favorite sport is basketball. He plays it every week. Next to my dad is my mom She’s beautiful 6 kind. She likes singing and she can play the piano very 7 . The thin girl is me. I love animals. I 8 a pet bird. It’s a parrot. She can say “Ni Hao” and “Hello”. It’s fun! This is my little sister, Li Mei. She has two big eyes. And she is short. She’s very clever. We 9 and help each other. We are 10 . because it is where life begins and love never ends.
(2)
sad; start; plant; be; we; tree; walk; eight; happy; many; farmer; have
On 22nd March, my class went to a mountain to plant trees. We took 11 spades and saplings (铁锹和树苗). They were so heavy that we couldn’t 12 fast. Finally, we arrived at the top of the mountain.
A farmer taught 13 how to dig a hole, put a sapling in the hole, make it stand straight and cover its root with soil. I couldn’t wait to try, so I picked up a spade and 14 to work.
It wasn’t an easy job at all because the spade was very heavy. It took me about 15 minutes to finish 15 the first tree. But the following ones were much easier. When I finished planting the 16 one, it started to rain. But we still continued working in raincoats. Finally, we finished planting all the 17 . We were very tired but 18 !
Then we went down the mountain and back to the 19 home to have dinner. The dinner was ready. We had chicken, fish and pancakes. They 20 very delicious.
After dinner, the farmer gave us some gifts (礼物). We said thanks and went back home.
(3)
moment, but, lover, electric, stage, festival, difference, on, or, what, everyone
Having a hobby is an important part of a middle school student’s life. It can bring joy and help him or her relax after a long day of studying. Some students enjoy playing the 21 guitar in a band, 22 others like to have fun online with friends. Finding a hobby is important.
If you love nature, you might enjoy photography. You can take nice photos and share your photos 23 social media. If you are a music 24 you can practice playing an instrument. Then you can take part in music 25 .
Sports are also popular hobbies for middle school students. Joining a volleyball team 26 going skating can help you stay healthy and make new friends. It helps you get away from homework and enjoy a magic 27 with your teammates.
I hope 28 understands the importance of hobbies. 29 hobby will you choose It’s important to have one. It can help you show your feelings, and find happiness in your life. So don’t be afraid to try something 30 .
(4)
hit, magic, there, ending, hoped, almost, herself, club, bit, information
Emma was new at this school. 31 were no old classmates here. She felt a 32 lonely. She likes writing 33 stories and she always spends her weekends in the library. She also wants to share the joy of reading. One day, an idea 34 her suddenly. “Why not organize a reading 35 ” So she made a poster and put it up on the 36 board (板/牌). To her joy, 37 60 students called her and asked for more information. All of them 38 to join the club. “Oh, that’s the perfect 39 and that’s what I want.” Emma said to 40 happily.
(5)
study, luck, in, take, and, help, real, be, we read
I’m a middle school student. My school is very beautiful. There 41 many tall trees and beautiful flowers in it. Walking in my school is so much relaxing. It’s also a good place 42 .
This is our school library with all kinds of books. Look! The librarian (图书管理员) Tina 43 a new student look for a book. She is kind and friendly. We all love her 44 we enjoy reading here. Now we can spend more time 45 books in the library because of the double reduction policy (双减政策).
There is a big and beautiful playground 46 front of the classroom. We usually have 47 PE class there. Last week, we had a Sports Day on the playground. All the teachers and students were 48 excited. We had a great time and 49 quite a lot of photos.
I’m very 50 to study in my school. Welcome to visit my school.
(6)
请从方框内选择适当的词，并根据需要用其正确形式填空，使文章语法正确、完整连贯。注意：每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。
catch because they night seldom year think festival but good in usually
Do you know Halloween (万圣节) It is an important 51 in many western countries, such as the USA, Germany and France. It has a long history of over 2,000 52 . Halloween is not a holiday 53 the USA so students go to school as usual. 54 they have small or big parties in the evening. They like to wear special clothes in different shapes and go out at 55 . There are also many games at Halloween. Children like to play “trick or treat (不给糖就捣蛋)” best. They 56 get lots of candies from other people.
Another game is 57 apples. Do you know how to play it Well, it is easy. Children put some apples in a tub (盆) with water. They try to get the apples with 58 hands.
Of course, there are many pumpkin lanterns. And I am 59 at making the lanterns. I can make them quickly by myself.
I think Halloween is very interesting. What do you 60 of this festival and its culture/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
题型过关第5讲 词汇运用
基础语法知识
一、句型结构
简单句:主+谓+宾
主+系+表
主+及物动词+宾讲
主+不及物动词+介词+宾语
祈使句:do型 be型 let型
二、各词性分析
1.名词 1) 名词在句子中的位置
主语，动词后作宾语、介词后作宾语、表语、冠词之后，数词，形容词之后
2) 名词词形技巧:主要考虑名词的单复数及其所有格形式。名词注意原词复现
2.动词
1)动词出现的位置:
主宾或介宾之间的动词，be动词后的动词;情态动词之后缺动词:并列关系中的动词:v-ing作主语，祈使句句首、介词后的v-ing、v-ing和to do
之前.
2)动词词形技巧:主要考虑是要填动词的谓语形式(原形、第三人称单数、过去式、
现在分词及其过去分词形式。)
3.形容词 1) 形容词出现的位置作表语，作定语修饰名词、放在不定代词之后、放在定冠词
the之后表一类人，even、much、a little后加ad.或者adv.的比较级、so/as...as中间跟adj.或者adv.的原级.
2) 形容词词形技巧:
主要考虑形容词原形，比较级、最高级形式
4.副词 1) 副词出现的位置A.句首，作状语修饰整个句子
B.在动宾结构之后或系表结构之间表程度、方式、频率等，修饰动词
C.在所修饰的形容词之前，作程度副词
2).副词词形技巧:主要考虑副词原形、比较级、最高级形式。
5.代词
1) 代词的分类:人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、不定代词
人称代词常考:them、it 反身代词常考:themselves、yourself
by oneself:独自teach oneself =learn by oneself help oneself
不定代词常考:someone、something、everything、nothing、others、one
either、neither other:后面必须加复数名词the other:两者当中的另一个others=other +复数名词:有一些 the others:剩下的全部another:+单数名词或者是数词
it 和 one
it: 同类同物 one:同类异物
2) 代词的位置: 作主语、宾语
3) 代词的技巧:若指代的是上文中出现的，则用人称代词;若是不确定指的是什么,
则用不定代词;若是表示强调某人自己，则用反身代词
6.介词
1) 介词的分类:时间介词、地点介词、通过类介词
at、in、on、with、between、among、about、without、like、by、through、for、
back、between、as、away、against
2) 介词的位置动词之后连接宾语、完整的句子之后接名词短语或者代词
3) 介词的技巧若确定不了该空的词性，先把其他空填了，最后再来确定
7.连词
1) 连词的分类:逻辑连词、从属连词
逻辑连词:and、if、because、but、though、unless、or
从属连词:宾语从词:that、if、whether、what、who、how...
定语从句:that、which、who、whom、whose、where、why、when
状语从句:when、while、as long as、as soon as、so..that
2) 连词的位置 一般都是连接句子，有很小的可能连接并列的谓语、宾语、主语等
3) 连词的技巧 确定该空填连词后，需根据上下文的逻辑关系来推断出连词的使用
【选词填空做题技巧】
12选 10的解题技巧要抓住两点:一是“放远”，二是“看近”
放远:一篇短文填空题是一个有机的整体。通读全文、明了大意、理清观点、分清层次
是十分重要的一步。依据上下文，语境，眼光放远，从头到尾，按日常认识事物的规律，填
上所选的词，通顺。
技巧:
1.根据上下文的逻辑关系进行推测:注意上下文的逻辑联系和文章的逻辑关系是做好短文填
空题的关键，它要求考生在了解文章大意的基础上,联系上下文,运用思维逻辑进行比较、判断，找出既符合短文的词义
2.根据语篇标志进行推测:语篇一般是指比单一句子长的语言单位，如句群、段落、篇章等。
语篇和语篇之间往往有标明其内在联系的词语，这些词语称为“语篇标志”，例如:表示结构层次的 firstly, secondly等，表示逻辑关系的therefore,so, but等，表示话题改变的by the way,
for example, and so on, fore instance等。充分利用这些语篇标志可以迅速理清文章的脉络，弄清上下文之间的关系。
3.根据文化背景知识进行推测:短文空题考查的知识面较广，从文化、科学常识，到历史地理
知识;从风俗民情到民族习惯等等，无所不考。考生在做这类题时，要特别注意中西文化方面所存在的差异。具备了一定的文化背景知识，才能比较准确地判断出正确的词义.
4.根据常识进行判断:中学生已经掌握了较丰富的科学与生活常识，也具备了一定的判断能
力。在考查语言知识和技能的同时，考查这些简单的常识性的问题，也是对学生知识面的检测。
看近:形式上有残缺(若干个空)，但它的内容、语言习惯，句与句之间的衔接点，句子与段落之间的联系，段落与段落之间的逻辑顺序仍或隐或现地存在于篇章之中。依据此句前后，眼光就近。运用基本语言知识(词法和语法):动副、动宾、介宾、系形、短语动词、短语介词、搭配、结构.
技巧:
1.根据语法知识进行推测:对于考查语法知识的考题,不仅要理解上下文的逻辑关系，更要有
针对性地对语法结构、句式特点进行分析，并根据其语法结构和句式特点进行合理推测，从而迅速判断出正确的词义.
2.运用词汇知识进行判断:短文填空题中对词汇知识的考查，主要集中在词语的搭配和同义词
的辨析两大方面。要做好这类题目，首先要有较大的词汇量，较强的词语搭配能力，以及在语句中理解词义的能力，做题时要结合上下文的语境，确定词义.
【选词填空做题步骤】
做题步骤
1.通读全文，把握大意，确定主旨。
2.身临其境，切身体会，确定词义。
3.周密分析，瞻前顾后，确定词形。
4.复读原文，仔细检查，确定验收.
做选词填空题的基本步骤是:先通览全文，掌握文章大意;然后再根据文章的语境特点从词语搭配、习惯用法、上下文的逻辑关系以及一般的生活常识等方面进行分析，从而选出既合语法又合语境的答案。做选词填空题的通常方法有:
1.词语搭配法:即根据词语的搭配习惯来选择正确的答案。你平时一定要注意掌握一些常用
词汇的基本及其有关的搭配。
2.语法判断法:即通过语法分析来判断正确答案，比如被选项若为是名词，则应根据填空句
的上下文确定该名词的单复数以及是否用所有格等;若被选项为动词，则应考虑其时态、语态、搭配以及非谓语形式等。
3.语境分析法:即根据上下文的具体语境，利用所学过知识和平时所积累的经验，选出最符
合题意的选项。
4.对比排除法:有时对于一些难题，可试着将各个选项逐一填人空白处，然后进行综合比较，
排除不适合的，选出最恰当的。
(1)
have photo on well play love be and family year
Hello, everyone! I’m Li Xin. I’m 13. I am from Huanggang. I am happy to talk about my family. Here is my family 1 . This is my grandfather. He is 70 2 old. He likes fishing. Next to him 3 my grandmother. She is 68. She likes reading and gardening. And she has a pet dog. She often 4 with it.
My dad is 5 the left. He’s tall and handsome. He likes sport. His favorite sport is basketball. He plays it every week. Next to my dad is my mom She’s beautiful 6 kind. She likes singing and she can play the piano very 7 . The thin girl is me. I love animals. I 8 a pet bird. It’s a parrot. She can say “Ni Hao” and “Hello”. It’s fun! This is my little sister, Li Mei. She has two big eyes. And she is short. She’s very clever. We 9 and help each other. We are 10 . because it is where life begins and love never ends.
(2)
sad; start; plant; be; we; tree; walk; eight; happy; many; farmer; have
On 22nd March, my class went to a mountain to plant trees. We took 11 spades and saplings (铁锹和树苗). They were so heavy that we couldn’t 12 fast. Finally, we arrived at the top of the mountain.
A farmer taught 13 how to dig a hole, put a sapling in the hole, make it stand straight and cover its root with soil. I couldn’t wait to try, so I picked up a spade and 14 to work.
It wasn’t an easy job at all because the spade was very heavy. It took me about 15 minutes to finish 15 the first tree. But the following ones were much easier. When I finished planting the 16 one, it started to rain. But we still continued working in raincoats. Finally, we finished planting all the 17 . We were very tired but 18 !
Then we went down the mountain and back to the 19 home to have dinner. The dinner was ready. We had chicken, fish and pancakes. They 20 very delicious.
After dinner, the farmer gave us some gifts (礼物). We said thanks and went back home.
(3)
moment, but, lover, electric, stage, festival, difference, on, or, what, everyone
Having a hobby is an important part of a middle school student’s life. It can bring joy and help him or her relax after a long day of studying. Some students enjoy playing the 21 guitar in a band, 22 others like to have fun online with friends. Finding a hobby is important.
If you love nature, you might enjoy photography. You can take nice photos and share your photos 23 social media. If you are a music 24 you can practice playing an instrument. Then you can take part in music 25 .
Sports are also popular hobbies for middle school students. Joining a volleyball team 26 going skating can help you stay healthy and make new friends. It helps you get away from homework and enjoy a magic 27 with your teammates.
I hope 28 understands the importance of hobbies. 29 hobby will you choose It’s important to have one. It can help you show your feelings, and find happiness in your life. So don’t be afraid to try something 30 .
(4)
hit, magic, there, ending, hoped, almost, herself, club, bit, information
Emma was new at this school. 31 were no old classmates here. She felt a 32 lonely. She likes writing 33 stories and she always spends her weekends in the library. She also wants to share the joy of reading. One day, an idea 34 her suddenly. “Why not organize a reading 35 ” So she made a poster and put it up on the 36 board (板/牌). To her joy, 37 60 students called her and asked for more information. All of them 38 to join the club. “Oh, that’s the perfect 39 and that’s what I want.” Emma said to 40 happily.
(5)
study, luck, in, take, and, help, real, be, we read
I’m a middle school student. My school is very beautiful. There 41 many tall trees and beautiful flowers in it. Walking in my school is so much relaxing. It’s also a good place 42 .
This is our school library with all kinds of books. Look! The librarian (图书管理员) Tina 43 a new student look for a book. She is kind and friendly. We all love her 44 we enjoy reading here. Now we can spend more time 45 books in the library because of the double reduction policy (双减政策).
There is a big and beautiful playground 46 front of the classroom. We usually have 47 PE class there. Last week, we had a Sports Day on the playground. All the teachers and students were 48 excited. We had a great time and 49 quite a lot of photos.
I’m very 50 to study in my school. Welcome to visit my school.
(6)
请从方框内选择适当的词，并根据需要用其正确形式填空，使文章语法正确、完整连贯。注意：每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。
catch because they night seldom year think festival but good in usually
Do you know Halloween (万圣节) It is an important 51 in many western countries, such as the USA, Germany and France. It has a long history of over 2,000 52 . Halloween is not a holiday 53 the USA so students go to school as usual. 54 they have small or big parties in the evening. They like to wear special clothes in different shapes and go out at 55 . There are also many games at Halloween. Children like to play “trick or treat (不给糖就捣蛋)” best. They 56 get lots of candies from other people.
Another game is 57 apples. Do you know how to play it Well, it is easy. Children put some apples in a tub (盆) with water. They try to get the apples with 58 hands.
Of course, there are many pumpkin lanterns. And I am 59 at making the lanterns. I can make them quickly by myself.
I think Halloween is very interesting. What do you 60 of this festival and its culture
参考答案：
1．photo 2．years 3．is 4．plays 5．on 6．and 7．well 8．have 9．love 10．family
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者李欣介绍了自己的家庭成员以及他们的爱好和特点。
1．句意：这是我的家庭照片。根据“Here is my family”及备选词汇可知，此处表示家庭照片，应用名词“photo”表示照片。故填photo。
2．句意：他70岁了。根据“He is 70”及备选词汇可知，此处表示年龄，应用“year”的复数“years”，构成“70 years old”表示“70岁”。故填years。
3．句意：他旁边是我奶奶。根据“Next to him”及备选词汇可知，此处表示“在他旁边是……”，应用“be”动词，“my grandmother”是第三人称单数，所以“be”动词应用“is”。故填is。
4．句意：她经常和它一起玩。根据“She often”及备选词汇可知，此处表示“和……一起玩”，应用动词短语“play with”，“often”是频度副词，时态是一般现在时，主语she是第三人称单数，所以动词应用三单。故填plays。
5．句意：我爸爸在左边。根据“My dad is”及备选词汇可知，此处表示位置关系，应用介词“on”，构成“on the left”表示“在左边”。故填on。
6．句意：她漂亮又善良。根据“She’s beautiful”及备选词汇可知，此处表示并列关系，应用连词“and”，连接两个形容词“beautiful”和“kind”。故填and。
7．句意：她钢琴弹得很好。根据“she can play the piano very”及备选词汇可知，此处表示“非常……”，应用副词“well”，修饰动词“play”。故填well。
8．句意：我有一只宠物鸟。根据“I”及备选词汇可知，此处缺少谓语动词，表示“有”，应用动词“have”，主语是第一人称单数“I”，所以动词应用原形。故填have。
9．句意：我们彼此相爱，互相帮助。根据“and help each other”及备选词汇可知，此处表示“彼此相爱”，应用动词短语“love each other”，主语是“We”，所以动词应用原形。故填love。
10．句意：我们是一家人。根据“because it is where life begins and love never ends”及备选词汇可知，此处表示“是一家人”，应用动词短语“be a family”。故填family。
11．many 12．walk 13．us 14．started 15．planting 16．eighth 17．trees 18．happy 19．farmer’s 20．were
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和同学们一起去种树的经历。
11．句意：我们带了许多铁锹和树苗。根据“spades and saplings”和“They were so heavy…”及备选词可知，此处是指带了许多铁锹和树苗，考查many“许多的”，后接名词复数形式。故填many。
12．句意：它们是如此重以至于我们没法走得很快。结合“They were so heavy that we couldn’t … very fast.”和备选词汇可知，此处是指走路速度较慢，考查walk“走路”，动词；根据空前couldn’t可知，后接动词原形。故填walk。
13．句意：一位农民教我们如何挖一个洞，把一棵小树放在洞里，让它站直，用土盖住它的根。结合备选词汇和句意可知，此处是指农民教“我们”如何种树，应用人称代词主格we的宾语形式us“我们”作宾语。故填us。
14．句意：我迫不及待地想试试，所以我拿起了一把铁锹并开始干活。结合“so I picked up a spade and… to work.”和备选词汇可知，此处指开始干活，考查start“开始”，动词；由“picked”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式started。故填started。
15．句意：我花了大约15分钟种第一棵树。结合空后“the first tree”和备选词汇可知，此处指种树，考查plant“种植”，动词；根据空前“finish”可知，此处考查finish doing sth.“完成做某事”，应用动名词形式planting作宾语。故填planting。
16．句意：当我种完第八棵树时，开始下雨了。结合语境及备选词汇可知，此处表示第八棵树，应用基数词eight的序数词形式eighth“第八”表示顺序，作定语。故填eighth。
17．句意：最后，我们种完了所有的树。结合“finished planting all the…”以及备选词汇可知，此处指种完了所有的树，考查tree“树”，可数名词；all后接名词复数trees。故填trees。
18．句意：我们很累，但很开心! 结合“We were very tired but…”及备选词汇可知，此处是指既累又开心，考查形容词 happy“开心的”，在句中作表语。故填happy。
19．句意：然后我们下山回到农民的家吃晚饭。结合“After dinner, the farmer gave us some gifts.”及备选词汇可知，此处指农民家，应用名词farmer的单数所有格形farmer’s，作定语，修饰 home。故填farmer’s。
20．句意：它们非常美味。结合“They…very delicious.”及备选词汇可知，形容词前用be动词；主语They是第三人称复数，时态为一般过去时，因此be动词应用were。故填were。
21．electric 22．but 23．on 24．lover 25．festivals 26．or 27．moment 28．everyone 29．What 30．different
【导语】本文主要介绍了爱好的重要性。
21．句意：有些学生喜欢在乐队里弹电吉他，但其他人喜欢和朋友在网上玩。 electric guitar“电吉他”。故填electric。
22．句意：有些学生喜欢在乐队里弹电吉他，但其他人喜欢和朋友在网上玩。前后两句是转折关系，用but连接。故填but。
23．句意：你可以拍出漂亮的照片，并在社交媒体上分享你的照片。根据“social media”可知是在社交媒体上，用介词on。故填on。
24．句意：如果你是一个音乐爱好者，你可以练习演奏乐器。根据“If you are a music”可知是一个音乐爱好者，lover“爱好者”，a后加可数名词单数。故填lover。
25．句意：然后你可以参加音乐节。根据“take part in music”可知是参加音乐节，festival“节日”，表泛指用名词复数。故填festivals。
26．句意：加入排球队或去滑冰可以帮助你保持健康，结交新朋友。根据“Joining a volleyball team...going skating”可知是加入排球队或去滑冰，用or连接。故填or。
27．句意：它可以帮助你摆脱家庭作业，与队友一起享受神奇的时刻。根据“enjoy a magic”可知是享受这神奇的时刻，moment“时刻”。故填moment。
28．句意：我希望每个人都能理解爱好的重要性。根据“understands the importance of hobbies”可知每个人都理解爱好的重要性，everyone“每个人”。故填everyone。
29．句意：你会选择什么爱好？根据“hobby will you choose”可知是会选择什么爱好，what“什么”。故填What。
30．句意：所以不要害怕尝试不同的东西。根据“don’t be afraid to try something”可知不要害怕尝试不同的东西，different“不同的”，修饰复合不定代词。故填different。
31．There 32．bit 33．magic 34．hit 35．club 36．information 37．almost 38．hoped 39．ending 40．herself
【导语】本文讲述了Emma喜欢写魔法故事，她组织了一个读书俱乐部，很多学生参加了这个俱乐部，Emma对此感到很高兴。
31．句意：这里没有老同学。根据“...were no old classmates here.”及所给单词可知，空处应为there be句型，句首字母大写。故填There。
32．句意：她感到有点孤独。根据“a...lonely”及所给单词可知，空处应表达有点孤独，a bit“有点”，固定搭配。故填bit。
33．句意：她喜欢写魔法故事，周末总是在图书馆度过。根据“She likes writing...stories”及所给单词可知，空处修饰名词stories，用形容词magic“魔法的”作定语。故填magic。
34．句意：有一天，她突然想到了一个主意。根据“an idea...her suddenly.”及所给单词可知，是想到了主意，idea作主语，谓语用hit“使突然想起”，根据“one day”可知，时态应为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填hit。
35．句意：为什么不组织一个读书俱乐部呢？”根据“join the club”可知，是组织读书俱乐部，club“俱乐部”。故填club。
36．句意：于是她做了一张海报，贴在信息板上。根据“60 students called her and asked for more information”可知，是贴在信息板上，information“信息”。故填information。
37．句意：令她高兴的是，近60名学生打电话给她，询问更多信息。根据“60 students”及所给单词可知，应表达将近60名学生，almost“将近”。故填almost。
38．句意：他们都希望加入俱乐部。根据“60 students called her and asked for more information.”可知，他们是希望加入俱乐部，hope“希望”，根据asked可知，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填hoped。
39．句意：“哦，这就是完美的结局，这就是我想要的。”根据“that’s the perfect...”及所给单词可知，空处应填ending“结局”，is修饰用可数名词单数形式。故填ending。
40．句意：Emma高兴地对自己说。根据“Emma said to...happily.”及所给单词可知，应表达对自己说，用反身代词herself“她自己”。故填herself。
41．are 42．to study 43．is helping 44．and 45．reading 46．in 47．our 48．really 49．took 50．lucky
【导语】本文讲述了作者学校的特点和学校生活，包括图书馆和操场的情况。
41．句意：有许多高大的树木和美丽的花。根据“many tall trees and beautiful flowers”可知，主语为复数，谓语动词应使用“are”。 故填are。
42．句意：这也是一个学习的好地方。根据“Walking in my school is so much relaxing. It’s also a good place”和选词可知，是指学校是一个学习的好地方，应用动词study，此处需要用不定式形式作后置定语。故填to study。
43．句意：图书管理员Tina正在帮一个新学生找书。根据“Look!…a new student look for a book.”可知，Tina正在帮助学校找书，应用动词help，句子是现在进行时，主语是三单，be动词用is。故填is helping。
44．句意：我们都喜欢她，并乐于在这里阅读。前后句是并列关系，需要用and连接。故填and。
45．句意：现在由于双减政策我们可以花更多时间在图书馆里读书。根据“Now we can spend more time...books in the library”可知，是指花时间阅读，应用动词reading。spend time doing sth表示“花时间做某事”，用“reading”。故填reading。
46．句意：教室前面有个大而漂亮的操场。in front of是固定短语，表示“在……前面”。 故填in。
47．句意：我们通常在那上体育课。根据“We usually have...PE class there.”可知，是指我们的体育课，应用形容词性物主代词our作定语。故填our。
48．句意：所有的老师和学生都很兴奋。空处修饰形容词excited，应用副词，结合选词可知，应用really。故填really。
49．句意：我们度过了一段美好时光，并拍了很多照片。根据“quite a lot of photos.”可知，是指拍照，应用动词take。根据“last week”可知，为一般过去时，所以用“took”。 故填took。
50．句意：我很幸运能够在我的学校里学习。根据“I’m very...to study in my school”可知，空处应填形容词作表语，结合选词可知，lucky“幸运的”符合语境。故填lucky。
51．festival 52．years 53．in 54．But 55．night 56．usually 57．catching 58．their 59．good 60．think
【导语】本文介绍了万圣节的历史，以及在这天人们的活动。
51．句意：在美国、德国和法国等许多西方国家，这是一个重要的节日。根据“Do you know Halloween (万圣节) ”及备选词汇可知，这里指一个重要的节日，festival意为“节日”，由an可知，这里用单数。故填festival。
52．句意：它有着2000多年的悠久历史。根据“over 2,000”及备选词汇可知，这里是它有着2000多年的悠久历史，year意为“年”，由2,000可知，这里用复数years。故填years。
53．句意：万圣节不是美国的节日，所以学生们像往常一样去上学。根据“the USA”及备选词汇可知，在美国，用介词in。故填in。
54．句意：但他们晚上有小型或大型聚会。根据“they have small or big parties in the evening.”及备选词汇可知，前后句之间是转折关系，用but连接，首字母大写。故填But。
55．句意：他们喜欢穿不同形状的特殊衣服，晚上出去。根据“go out at….”及备选词汇可知，这里是晚上出去，at night意为“在晚上”。故填night。
56．句意：他们通常从别人那里得到很多糖果。根据“get lots of candies from other people.”及备选词汇可知，这里是他们通常从别人那里得到很多糖果，usually意为“通常”，副词。故填usually。
57．
句意：另一个游戏是抓苹果。根据“hands.”及备选词汇可知，这里是抓苹果，catch意为“抓”，由is可知，这里用现在分词catching。故填catching。
58．句意：他们试图用手得到苹果。根据“get the apples with…hands.”及备选词汇可知，这里是用他们的手得到苹果，需用they的形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
59．句意：而且我擅长做灯笼。这里是：be good at意为“擅长做某事”。故填good。
60．句意：你觉得这个节日和它的文化怎么样？根据“of this festival and its culture ”及备选词汇可知，这里是你觉得这个节日和它的文化怎么样，think of意为“认为”，助动词do后跟动词原形。故填think
