人教版九年级上册 Unit 10 You're supposed to shake hands.（基础 阅读 写作）基础练习（含解析）

Unit10（基础+阅读+写作）基础练习
一、单项选择
1．The COVID-19 outbreak is spreading worldwide, and bringing ________ to global public health security.
A．challenge B．chance C．exchange D．change
2．—I don’t think it’s a good ________ for students to go online just for answers to homework.
—I agree with you! We can ask our teachers for help online!
A．skill B．game C．hobby D．habit
3．—Are you going to buy this pair of shoes
—No，not before I ______．
A．take them off B．have them on
C．put them on D．try them on
4．I am glad to have a ________ vacation.
A．relax B．relaxes C．relaxed D．relaxing
5．I have some trouble with my English writing. Can you give me some _______
A．message B．advice C．suggestion D．decisions
6．—Why not try that
—________ Do you think I can beat John
A．Don’t mention it. B．What’s the matter
C．It’s hard to say. D．Are you joking
7．I don’t want to read this book. There is ____ in it.
A．something interesting B．nothing interesting
C．interesting something D．interesting nothing
8．Neither I nor he ________ compared the price of the PC, so ________ he ________ I decided to know more before buying it.
A．have; not only; but also B．has; both; and
C．hasn’t; either; or D．haven’t; neither; nor
9．—Why do so many people like blind boxes like POPMART
—I think it’s because people will easily get ________ about something uncertain.
A．excited B．bored C．relaxed D．worried
10．Nowadays our teachers are really very busy and have little their own ________ time.
A．spare B．interesting C．general D．empty
二、完形填空
People give each other flowers all the time on birthdays, anniversaries and celebrations. Although flowers are popular, not everyone knows the 11 behind each kind of flower.
Roses are probably one of the most well-known flowers and usually symbolize (象征) 12 . But different colors of roses express 13 meanings. Red roses 14 express love, but they are also used to express respect and admiration. On the other hand, white roses are 15 to new beginnings because white is the color of purity (纯洁). Yellow roses mean joy and warmth 16 blue roses reflect the desire.
The lily (百合) is another kind of very popular 17 and usually symbolizes purity as well. Similar to roses, color also 18 an important role in lilies. White lilies are the most common, and they represent solemnity and purity. Yellow lilies symbolize joy.
On 19 Day, many people buy carnations (康乃馨) for their mother. This kind of flower symbolizes respect and love. Red carnations 20 love and admiration, and pink carnations express the love for a woman or a mother. 21 most white flowers, white carnations symbolize pure love. However, yellow carnations mean disappointment. That’s the 22 why we do not see yellow carnations often in flower shops. Some other flowers people give as 23 include bird of paradise (天堂鸟), peony and sunflower.
In a word, different flowers have different meanings behind them, and sometimes colors are also 24 to their implications (含义). It’s important to learn about what each flower symbolizes so as to 25 the right gift.
11．A．secret B．meaning C．shape D．price
12．A．love B．wealth C．health D．luck
13．A．similar B．special C．new D．different
14．A．quickly B．usually C．suddenly D．sadly
15．A．given B．picked C．connected D．cleaned
16．A．until B．when C．since D．while
17．A．flower B．tree C．mountain D．fruit
18．A．wants B．takes C．plays D．buys
19．A．Children’s B．Teachers’ C．Mother’s D．Father’s
20．A．stand for B．look for C．prepare for D．leave for
21．A．With B．Like C．On D．Under
22．A．record B．habit C．plan D．reason
23．A．gifts B．ways C．problems D．toys
24．A．interesting B．important C．relaxing D．boring
25．A．turn B．change C．guess D．choose
三、阅读理解
Date Time Session Description Session Code Price Category
AA A B C D
5 Sept 18:30-21:30 100m Butterfly SW001 450 150 95 65 40
400m Freestyle
100m breakstroke
5 Sept 19:00-22:00 Teams: Round 1 TT14 110 85 55 35 20
Teams: Round 2
※ SW= Swimming TT=" Table" tennis
26．The12th National Games in2013 were held in ______________.
A．Chengdu B．Beijing
C．Shanghai D．Liaoning
27．There are _________ categories of tickets.
A．four B．five
C．six D．seven
28．The table tennis will last for _______________ according to the form.
A．three hours B．four hours
C．five hours D．six hours
29．We can NOT see ____________ in the swimming match on Sept5th.
A．freestyle B．breaststroke
C．butterfly D．backstroke
30．If Mr. and Mrs. Brown want to enjoy the swimming match, how much will they pay
A．￡170 B．￡120 C．￡190 D．￡320
Dream culture is an important part of ancient Chinese culture.Dream interpreting is popular in China，and the most famous reference for dream interpreting is the book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams.
Ancient Chinese people thought that dreams could suggest lucky and unlucky things.Since different dreams have different meanings，people can get meanings of good or bad luck by interpreting them.Actually，dream interpreting is not totally a superstition.It does have some scientific value.
★Dreams are the reflection of the facts.Many dreams are actually something about what happened in the daytime.This kind of dream can be easily understood without dream interpreting.
★Dreams are the body's self－implication.Traditional Chinese medical science says that dreams are connected with the health condition of humans' bodies.When Yin and Yang are imbalanced，dreams come into being.If someone dreamt that he or she was roasted by a big fire，it shows he or she might easily get angry or nervous.
★Dreams are usually different from the facts.It means that things will develop in the opposite direction when they become worse.
To some degree，Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams is scientifically reasonable.Over thousands of years has passed，the book still has many secrets waiting for us to explore.
31．According to the passage，dream culture ________．
A．is important in ancient Chinese culture
B．is unimportant in foreign culture
C．has no scientific value
D．is something about God
32．In the old days Chinese people thought that dreams ________．
A．were very popular
B．could suggest lucky and unlucky things
C．couldn't be interpreted
D．were always different from the facts
33．If you dream that you are roasted by a big fire，maybe you are ________.
A．excited B．relaxed C．nervous D．bored
34．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage
A．Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams is a book about dream interpreting.
B．When Yin and Yang are not balanced，you dream easily.
C．Dreams sometimes are the opposite of the facts.
D．There are no secrets in the book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams.
A few weeks ago, we attended a lesson given by our classmate Wu Ruijie who talked about some of her experiences in America. It was very interesting and lively, we all listened carefully and were moved by the lesson.
During the lesson, she shared some stories about her daily life in the United States with us and some culture shocks(文化冲突) that she experienced. I still remember the story she told which took place in the New York subway. One day, she was talking to her Chinese friend on her mobile phone while a black woman was standing beside her. She often used a Chinese word whose pronunciation was similar to the rude N-word, so the black woman started to very angrily glare at (怒视) her. This was only one of her stories.
Ms. Tang also shared a story she had experienced when she was in Australia. On a hot sunny day, while she was walking on the street holding an umbrella to protect her from the strong sunlight, suddenly a man behind her said to her, “is it raining ” The reason is that in Australia people don’t use umbrellas on sunny days, so the man thought it was strange and asked Ms Tang.
Through the embarrassing stories, we can see many differences from country to country to decide how we should face these situations when we go abroad. Here are some suggestions: First, we should respect everyone wherever we are. Second, learn some local culture before you get there. Third, if you make some mistakes, you should explain the reasons. Finally, keep a kind heart at all times.
All in all, culture shock is not a big deal as long as we treat others kindly. Please pay attention to learning Western culture.
35．If you say a word similar to the N-word to a black man, he will think__________.
A．you are interesting
B．you are boring
C．you are lonely
D．You are unfriendly
36．When we go abroad and face the differences, we___________.
A．should only respect the local people
B．should leave the country at once
C．should keep a kind heart at all times
D．should take a lot of money with us
37．The organization of this passage is___________.
A． B． C． D．
38．The writer’s purpose is to____________.
A．show people how to respect the black woman
B．encourage people to be more active
C．give suggestions to deal with the culture shock
D．share some interesting stories with people
Nature and culture are often seen as opposite ideas. What belongs to nature cannot be the result of human activities and on the other hand, cultural development is achieved against nature. However, this is not the only opinion on the relationship between nature and culture. Studies in the development of humans suggest that culture, whether taken as an effort against nature or a natural effort, is part of the development of the human species (物种).
Several modern writers saw the process of education as a struggle (斗争) against human nature. We are born with wild natures, such as eating and behaving in a disorganized way or acting selfishly. Education uses culture as a way to get us out of our widest natures; it is thanks to culture that the human species could learn to adapt (适应), progress and raise itself above and beyond other species.
Over the past century and a half, however, studies in the history of human development have shown that the formation (形成) of culture is part of the biological adaptation. Consider, for example, hunting (打猎) . It seems to be an adaptation, which allowed humans to move into new and different areas, opening up the opportunity to change living habits. At the same time, the development of weapons (武器) is related to that adaptation-from rocks and stones to a set of hunting tools, and from hunting tools to rules relating to the proper use of weapons. Hunting also seems to be responsible for a whole set of bodily abilities, such as balancing on one foot. Just think of how this very simple thing is closely related to dance, a key expression of human culture. It is then clear that biological development and cultural development are closely tied.
The transmission of culture seems to be directly related to what’s in our blood. Just as snails carry their shells, so do we bring along our culture. However, culture is also passed on among people of the same time or among people belonging to different populations. We can learn how to make jiaozi even if we were born from Russian parents in Paris just as we can learn how to speak English even if none of our family or friends speak that language.
39．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A．Culture belongs to human nature.
B．Nature teaches humans how to adapt.
C．Humans are supposed to be well organized.
D．Education pushes the human species to progress.
40．Why does the writer talk about hunting in Paragraph 3
A．To suggest some possible ways of changing living habits.
B．To stress the importance of tools in humans’struggle for life.
C．To show how culture develops as humans adapt to the environment.
D．To explain why there is a need to call for the proper use of weapons.
41．The word “transmission” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________”.
A．system B．spread C．start D．spirit
42．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．All the cultural development is against nature.
B．Education is a way to keep our widest nature.
C．Biological development and cultural development are opposite.
D．The transmission of culture is not limited by time and crowd.
43．What is the writer’s opinion on the nature-culture relationship
A．Culture and nature are separate yet balanced.
B．Culture depends much on nature to progress.
C．Nature and culture are different but connected.
D．Nature follows the unwritten rules set by culture.
四、语法选择
通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后按照句子结构的语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。
For many Americans, travelling abroad is part of their life. 44 for those students from poor families, it 45 still a dream.
But this summer ten lucky students from California got 46 chance to travel to China for free. They were lucky to look into the life of 47 Chinese peers (同龄人) and get a taste of traditional Chinese lifestyle.
The ten students 48 from forty applicants (申请者). They visited five different cities in China-Beijing, Shanghai, Nanjing, Suzhou and Hangzhou.
“This is my first time 49 China. I had been to the Forbidden City before we went to the Great Wall this morning. They are really nice. I feel 50 . I wish to experience first-band Chinese culture and history,” Bryan said.
As Bryan expected, the organizers planned many activities for these students. For example, they would learn 51 to make dumplings and enjoy the performances of traditional Chinese instruments. Also, Chinese students felt they had learned a lot.
“Such a chance to stay 52 American students is very helpful. It helps improve our communication 53 and spoken English. It's a good way for us to know more about our American peers,” Zhu Longfei, a Chinese boy, said.
44．A．And B．But C．Or D．So
45．A．was B．are C．were D．is
46．A．a B．an C．/ D．the
47．A．them B．their C．they D． themselves
48．A．choose B．chose C．were chosen D．chosen
49．A．visit B．to visit C．visiting D．visited
50．A．exciting B．excite C．excitement D．excited
51．A．how B．what C．where D．when
52．A．in B．at C．on D．with
53．A．skills B．skill C．skilled D．skillful
五、完成句子
54．多吃水果和蔬菜对身体有好处
our health to eat more fruit and vegetables.
55．当听这个消息后，她要气疯了。
After she heard the news, she .
56．请永远不要放弃! 世界上从来没有人未经努力就取得成功。
Never give up, please! No one in the world has ever succeeded without an .
57．那位著名的教授将给我们做一场关于基本的餐桌礼仪的演讲。
The famous professor will give us a speech about basic .
58．格林太太的友好使我感到像在自己家里一样。
Mrs. Green’s kindness .
六、单词拼写
59．China is an e country which is different from Western countries.
60．Among the four s she likes spring best.
61．Different people b differently at the table.
62．N you nor John knows how to spell the word.
63．The film Born to Fly is well w watching. You can’t miss it.
七、短文填空
Dads have Father’s Day. Moms have Mother’s Day. Kids have Children’s Day. But, do our grandparents have a special holiday Yes, they do!
The double Ninth Festival（重阳节）is a special day for older people in China. This festival is on the ninth day of the n 64 month of the lunar calendar. On this day, younger people usually show love and respect for older people.
There are many w 65 in which Chinese people express their respect. When an older person enters a room, everyone stands. People are introduced from the oldest to the youngest. When we present a book to an older person, two hands are u 66 . Young people always offer their seats to older people on a crowed subway or a b 67 .
Respecting older people i 68 a tradition in China. That’s because the Chinese know that older people have k 69 and experience that young people can learn. So Chinese people are p 70 of being old.
In W 71 countries, however, older people seldom think they are old. They are called "seniors" instead of "old people". They’d rather do e 72 themselves. Even after retirement, they take on hobbies, part-time jobs and new activities to keep their bodies working well.
Westerners respect their older people, too. Usually, seniors take trains and buses for free. They are given discounts in stores and restaurants.
But Western seniors don’t often live with their children—they live a 73 . For holidays, the family usually gather at the grandparents’ home, and a great smile and a warm hug for their parents are enough for grown children to show their respect.
八、任务型阅读
请阅读下面这篇文章，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求所写答案语法正确、语义完整。
Do as the Romans do Different countries have different customs. So we often say, “When in Rome, do as the Romans do.” Here are some things that may help you.********************************************************************** In Korea you are supposed to bow when you meet someone. In the Middle East, Arabs greet each other by touching noses. In Thailand, people greet each other by putting their hands together and bowing slightly. In South America, you can expect to be hugged when you meet someone. In the USA, people shake hands when meeting each other.********************************************************************** In China it’s OK to make a lot of noise in a restaurant. In fact, if a restaurant isn’t noisy and lively, you may think there’s something wrong with it. However, in many Western countries, restaurants are quiet places. If a table is too loud, other people who are eating there will be unhappy. Paying the bill is also different from country to country. In China one person usually pays for everyone. In Western countries, if friends eat together, they usually share the cost. This is called “go Dutch”. Also, when Westerners pay the bill, they usually leave some money for the waiter. This is called “leaving a tip (小费)”. Leaving a tip is thought to be polite.********************************************************************** In some Western countries, lunch is usually eaten at about 1 p.m. Dinner is served around 7 p.m. or even later. In Spain it is common to have lunch at 3 p.m. and dinner at 10 p.m. Knives and forks are used for most Western food. The fork is held in your left hand and the knife in your right, and the food is held with the fork and cut with the knife. Soup is eaten with a spoon. However, there is some food which can be eaten with your fingers, such as chicken wings and hamburgers.********************************************************************* If you are invited to have dinner in a western family, you are expected to arrive on time. It’s better for you to prepare a gift. Be seated from the left side and put the handkerchief on your legs.
74．What do people do when they meet in the USA
75．How do people pay the bill in China
76．What can be eaten with your fingers in some Western countries
77．When do people in Spain eat lunch
78．How many rules should you pay attention to when visiting a western family
九、书面表达
79．中西方的饮食习惯大不相同。请写一篇80词左右的短文，介绍一些差异。
要点提示：1. different food
2. What do westerners use when they are eating What about Chinese people
3. eating etiquette（like whether people can make a loud noise when eating...）
词语提示：differences，prefer，steak（牛排），make a loud noise，impolite...
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
试卷第10页，共12页
参考答案：
1．A
【详解】句意：新冠肺炎疫情在全球范围内蔓延，给全球公共卫生安全带来挑战。
考查名词辨析。challenge挑战；chance机会；exchange交换；change改变。由“…bringing…to global public health security”可知，此处应为新冠肺炎给全球公共卫生安全带来挑战。故选A。
2．D
【详解】句意：——我认为学生上网只是为了家庭作业的答案不是一个好习惯。——我同意你的观点！我们可以在线向老师寻求帮助！
考查名词。skill技巧；game游戏；hobby爱好；habit习惯。根据“students to go online just for answers to homework”学生上网只是为了找到家庭作业的答案，可知, 句子表达不是一个好的习惯，用名词“habit”。故选D。
3．D
【详解】句意：——你打算买这双鞋吗？——不，我在试穿它们之前我不会买。
考查短语动词。take them off把它们脱掉；have them on把他们穿上；put them on把它们穿上；try them on试穿。根据答语“No，not before I...”可知在试穿之前，我不会买这双鞋。故选D。
4．D
【详解】句意： 我很高兴有一个放松的假期。
考查词义辨析。relax放松，动词；relaxes动词单三形式；relaxed感到放松的；relaxing令人放松的。空处后是名词，应用形容词修饰，修饰事物应用relaxing，故选D。
5．B
【详解】句意：我的英语写作有些困难。你能给我一些建议吗？
考查名词辨析。message信息；advice建议；suggestion建议；decisions决定。根据“I have some trouble with my English writing”可知，希望对方给一些学习英语的建议，advice是不可数名词，suggestion是可数名词，some后接不可数名词或可数名词的复数形式，故选B。
6．D
【详解】句意：——为什么不试试呢？——你在开玩笑吗。你认为我会打败John吗？
考查情景交际。Don’t mention it别提它了；What’s the matter怎么了；It’s hard to say很难说；Are you joking你在开玩笑吗。根据“Do you think I can beat John”可知，认为对方的建议简直是在开玩笑，故选D。
7．B
【详解】句意：我不想读这本书。这里面没有什么有趣的东西。
考查不定代词用法。形容词修饰不定代词时，形容词要放在不定代词后面，排除选项C和D；根据“I don’t want to read this book. ”，可知 ，此句为否定意义，表“没有什么有趣的东西”。故选B。
8．B
【详解】句意：我和他都没有比较过这台电脑的价格，所以我们都决定在购买之前多了解一些情况。
考查连词辨析和主谓一致。not only…but also…不但……而且……；both…and…两者都；either…or…或者……或者……；neither... nor...既不……也不……。neither...nor...连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则，第一处排除AD；分析前后语意，没有比较价格，所以二人都决定要多了解一下，用both…and…两者都。故选B。
9．A
【详解】句意：——为什么这么多人喜欢像POPMART这样的盲盒？——我认为这是因为人们很容易对不确定的东西感到兴奋。
考查形容词辨析。excited兴奋的；bored无聊的；relaxed放松的；worried担忧的。根据“people like blind boxes like POPMART”和“something uncertain”可知，POPMART盲盒是不确定的东西，人们喜欢这类物品，说明人们容易对不确定的东西感到兴奋。故选A。
10．A
【详解】句意：现在我们的老师真的很忙，几乎没有自己的业余时间。
考查形容词辨析。spare空闲的；interesting有趣的；general普遍的；empty空的。根据“Nowadays our teachers are really very busy…”及结合选项可知，此处考查短语spare time“业余时间”。故选A。
11．B 12．A 13．D 14．B 15．C 16．D 17．A 18．C 19．C 20．A 21．B 22．D 23．A 24．B 25．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了不同的花种有不同的含义，包括同一种花的不同花色也有不同含义，以其中三种花作为例子：玫瑰花、百合花和康乃馨。
11．句意：尽管鲜花很受欢迎，但是不是每个人都知道每种花背后的含义。
secret秘密；meaning意义，含义；shape形状；price价格。根据下文“In a word, different flowers have different meanings behind them”可知文章介绍的是不同的“花语”，说明此处指的是花背后的“含义”。故选B。
12．句意：玫瑰可能是最知名的花朵之一，它通常象征着爱情。
love爱情；wealth财富；health健康；luck运气。根据常识可知，玫瑰通常是代表爱情。故选A。
13．句意：但是不同颜色的玫瑰表示不同的含义。
similar相似的；special特别的；new新的；different不同的。根据下文内容可知第二段主要说明不同的颜色的玫瑰表示不同的含义。故选D。
14．句意：红玫瑰通常表达爱情，但是它们也被用于表示尊重和钦佩。
quickly快速地；usually通常；suddenly突然；sadly伤心地。根据“but they are also used”可知此处表示红玫瑰通常被用来表达爱情。故选B。
15．句意：另一方面，白玫瑰与新的开始有关，因为白色是纯洁的颜色。
given被给予；picked被拾起；connected被关联；cleaned被打扫。be connected to表示“与……有联系”。故选C。
16．句意：黄玫瑰代表着快乐与温暖，而蓝玫瑰则反射了欲望。
until直到；when当……的时候；since自从；while然而，表对比。根据空格前“黄玫瑰代表快乐与温暖”和空格后“蓝玫瑰则反射了欲望”形成了对比。故选D。
17．句意：百合是另一种非常受欢迎的鲜花，通常也象征着纯洁。
flower花；tree树；mountain山；fruit水果。根据常识可知百合是一种花。故选A。
18．句意：和玫瑰花相似，颜色在百合花中也起到重要作用。
wants想要；takes拿取；plays扮演；buys购买。play an important role in sth表示“在……中起重要作用”。故选C。
19．句意：在母亲节的时候，很多人给妈妈买康乃馨。
Children’s Day儿童节；Teachers’ Day教师节；Mothers’ Day母亲节；Fathers’ Day父亲节。根据“for their mother”可知此处应是指在母亲节买花送妈妈。故选C。
20．句意：红色的康乃馨代表爱和钦佩，粉色的康乃馨传达了对一位女性或母亲的爱意。
stand for代表，象征；look for寻找；prepare for为……准备；leave for动身出发去……。根据下一句的“express”可知此处表示红色的康乃馨所代表的含义。故选A。
21．句意：像大部分的白色花朵，白色的康乃馨象征着纯洁的爱情。
With和；Like像……一样；On在……上；Under在……下面。根据“white carnations symbolize pure love”可知白色康乃馨的含义像大部分花朵一样。故选B。
22．句意：那就是为什么我们不经常在花店里看到黄色康乃馨的原因了。
record记录；habit习惯；plan计划；reason原因。根据上一句“yellow carnations mean disappointment”可知黄色康乃馨代表失望，这是花店里不常看到这种花的原因。故选D。
23．句意：其他一些人们作为礼物送出的鲜花，包括天堂鸟、牡丹和向日葵。
gifts礼物；ways方法；problems问题；toys玩具。根据上文“People give each other flowers all the time on birthdays, anniversaries and celebrations.”可知人们一直在一些特殊场合互送鲜花，说明鲜花是作为礼物的。故选A。
24．句意：总而言之，不同的花背后有不同的意义，有时，颜色对于它们的含义来说也很重要。
interesting有趣的；important重要的；relaxing令人放松的；boring无聊的。根据下一句“It’s important to learn about what each flower symbolizes”可知了解每种花的象征意义非常重要，说明花的颜色对于它们的含义也很重要。故选B。
25．句意：为了能挑选恰当的礼物，了解每种花的象征意义就非常重要了。
turn转向；change改变；guess猜测；choose挑选。根据上文“People give each other flowers all the time on birthdays, anniversaries and celebrations.”可知人们经常在一些特殊时刻互送鲜花，说明鲜花是作为礼物的，而礼物则需要悉心挑选。故选D。
26．D 27．B 28．A 29．D 30．C
【分析】试题分析：本题主要以表格形式介绍了游泳比赛和乒乓球比赛的时间，内容，以及价格等信息。
26．细节理解题。根据所给图标可知，第十二届全运会在辽宁举行。故选D。
27．细节理解题。根据表格第五列描述，可知有5种票。故选B。
28．细节理解题。根据表格第四行第二列描述，可知乒乓球比赛持续3个小时，故选A。
29．细节理解题。根据表格第三列描述，可知在九月五日我们不能看到的是仰泳。故选D。
30．分析计算题。根据表中价格描述，可知布朗夫妇的花费应该是某个价格的二倍，根据游泳比赛的价格分析可知，没有85、60和160的价格标准，只有B种价格95元符合题意。选C。
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31．A 32．B 33．C 34．D
【分析】梦文化在古代中国文化中很重要。这篇文章就通过《周公解梦》这本书对梦文化以及梦的解析进行了简单的介绍。
31．原文：根据这篇文章，梦文化在古代中国文化中很重要。A.在古代中国文化中很重要；B.在外国文化中不重要；C.没有科学价值；D.是关于上帝的事。原文“Dream culture is an important part of ancient Chinese culture.”（梦文化是中国古代文化的重要组成部分。）说明选项A正确，故选A。
32．句意：在过去，中国人认为梦可以表明幸运和不幸的事情。A.非常流行；B.可以表明幸运和不幸的事情；C.无法被解释；D.总是与事实不同。原文“Ancient Chinese people thought that dreams could suggest lucky and unlucky things.”（古代中国人认为梦可以表明幸运和不幸的事情。）符合选项B的陈述，故选B。
33．句意：如果你梦见你被大火烤了，也许你是紧张的。A.兴奋的；B.放松的；C.紧张的；D.无聊的。原文“If someone dreamt that he or she was roasted by a big fire，it shows he or she might easily get angry or nervous.”（如果有人梦见他或她被一场大火烤过，那就表明他或她可能很容易生气或紧张。）说明如果是梦见被烤了，也许你是很紧张的，故选C。
34．句意：根据这篇文章，以下哪一项不正确？A.周公解梦是一本关于梦的解释的书。B.当阴阳不平衡时，你很容易做梦。C.梦有时与事实相反。D.“周公解梦”一书中没有秘密。原文“the most famous reference for dream interpreting is the book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams”（梦的诠释最著名的参考是“周公解梦”）说明周公解梦是一本关于梦的解释的书，选项A正确。原文“When Yin and Yang are imbalanced，dreams come into being.”（当阴阳不平衡时，梦就产生了）说明如果阴阳不平衡，就很容易做梦了，选项B正确。原文“Dreams are usually different from the facts.”（梦通常与事实相反）说明选项C正确。原文“Over thousands of years has passed，the book still has many secrets waiting for us to explore.”（几千年过去了，这本书还有很多秘密等着我们去探索。）说明这本书中还是有很多秘密的，选项D不正确，故选D。
35．D 36．C 37．B 38．C
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。介绍了作者的同班同学分享自己在国外的故事。由此得出结论，中外文化是有差异的，我们要做到尊重，同时出国前要学习了解一下，一旦出现了问题，要给予原因说明。总之，要时时保持一颗善良的心。
35．细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句“She often used a Chinese word whose pronunciation was similar to the rude N-word, so the black woman started to very angrily glare at (怒视) her.”可知，黑人妇女生气地看着她，所以认为她说出的话是不友好的。故选D。
36．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“Finally, keep a kind heart at all times.”可知，我们要时时保持一颗善良的心。故选C。
37．文章结构题。文章第一段介绍了我们在听一个从国外回来的同班同学讲她在国外的经历，第二三段分别介绍了两个故事，第四自然段给大家提供了一些面对文化差异的建议和方法，最后一段总结文化冲突并不可怕，我们要善于对待并乐于学习。故选B。
38．作者意图题。根据倒数第二段第一二句“Through the embarrassing stories, we can see many differences from country to country to decide how we should face these situations when we go abroad. Here are some suggestions…”可知，国家和国家之间是有差别的，这里给大家提供一些建议，避免文化冲突。故选C。
39．D 40．C 41．B 42．D 43．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，自然和文化常常被视为对立的观点，但是人类发展的研究表明，文化，无论是作为一种反对自然的努力还是自然的努力，都是人类物种发展的一部分。生物的发展和文化的发展是紧密相连的，文化的传播似乎与我们血液中的东西直接相关。
39．段落大意题。根据“Several modern writers saw the process of education as a struggle (斗争) against human nature.”和“Education uses culture as a way to get us out of our widest natures”可知，人们把教育的过程看作是一场与人性的斗争，教育把文化作为一种方式，让我们摆脱最广泛的天性。所以本段想说明教育推动人类进步。故选D。
40．推理判断题。根据“Consider, for example, hunting (打猎) . It seems to be an adaptation, which allowed humans to move into new and different areas, opening up the opportunity to change living habits”可知，打猎似乎是一种适应，使人类能够进入新的和不同的地区，打开改变生活习惯的机会。文章提到打猎是为了展示文化是如何随着人类适应环境而发展的。故选C。
41．词义猜测题。分析“The transmission of culture seems to be directly related to what’s in our blood. Just as snails carry their shells, so do we bring along our culture”可知，文化的传播似乎与我们血液中的东西直接相关。就像蜗牛带着它们的壳一样，我们也带着我们的文化。所以此处transmission的意思是“传播”，故选B。
42．推理判断题。根据“However, culture is also passed on among people of the same time or among people belonging to different populations”及最后一段可知，文化也在同一时代的人之间或属于不同人口的人之间传递，也就是说文化的传播不受时间和人群的限制，故选D。
43．观点态度题。根据“Studies in the development of humans suggest that culture, whether taken as an effort against nature or a natural effort, is part of the development of the human species(物种).”可知，作者认为文化，无论是作为一种反对自然的努力还是自然的努力，都是人类物种发展的一部分，作者认为自然和文化之间是对立且密切联系的。故选C。
44．B 45．D 46．A 47．B 48．C 49．B 50．D 51．A 52．D 53．A
【分析】本文是新闻报道，短文讲述了今年夏天十名来自加利福尼亚的学生免费到中国旅行的故事。
44．句意：但是对于那些来自贫困家庭的学生来说，这仍然是一个梦想。
and和；but但是or或者so所以。根据题干“For many Americans, travelling abroad is part of their life…for those students from poor families, it is still a dream”，可知前后是转折关系，需用but连接。故选B。
45．句意：但是对于那些来自贫困家庭的学生来说，这仍然是一个梦想。
was是系词is的过去式；are是is的复数形式；were是are的过去式；is是，三单形式。根据上文“For many Americans, travelling abroad is part of their life”，可知短文时态是一般现在时，本句主语it是单数第三人称，系词需用is。故选D。
46．句意：但今年夏天，来自加州的十名幸运学生有机会免费去中国旅游。
a是不定冠词，修饰单数名词表泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an是不定冠词，修饰单数名词表泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；/表零冠词；the是定冠词，表特指。chance以辅音音素开头，get a chance意为“得到一个机会”，是固定表达，故选A。
47．句意：他们很幸运地看到了中国同龄人的生活，并体验到了传统的中国生活方式。
them他们，宾格代词；their他们的，形容词性物主代词；they他们，主格代词；themselves他们自己，是反身代词。设空处修饰名词peers，需用形容词性物主代词；结合“Chinese peers”，可知是他们的同龄中国人，故选B。
48．句意：这十名学生是从四十名申请人中挑选出来的。
choose选择；chose是过去式；were chosen是一般过去时的被动语态；chosen是过去分词。分析句子可知，主语students是动词choose的承受者，需用be done被动语态结构，故选C。
49．句意：这是我第一次访问中国。
visit访问；to visit是动词不定式；visiting是动名词或现在分词；visited是过去式。it is the first time to do sth.表示“第一次做某事”，it是形式主语，后面的不定式是真正主语，故选B。
50．句意：我感到兴奋。
exciting让人兴奋的，修饰物；excite使兴奋， 动词；excitement兴奋，名词；excited兴奋的， 修饰人。 feel是表感觉系动词，后接形容词；根据“I feel ”可知用excited，故选D。
51．句意：例如，他们会学习如何包饺子，欣赏中国传统乐器的表演。
how如何；what什么；where在哪儿；when何时。分析句子结构，make后面有宾语dumplings，空处不可用what；根据题干“learn…to make dumplings”，可知是学习如何包饺子，故选A。
52．句意：这样一个与美国学生呆在一起的机会非常有帮助。
in在……里面；at在；on在……上面；with和。根据“a chance to stay…American students”，可知是说和美国学生呆在一起的机会，故选D。
53．句意：它有助于提高我们的沟通技能和英语口语。
skills技能，名词复数；skill是名词单数；skilled有助于，是动词过去式；skillful熟练的。and连接两个并列的名词性短语，根据下文“and spoken English”，可知这里是说沟通技巧；communication skills表示“沟通技巧”，是固定短语；这里用复数名词表示一类，故选A。
54．It’s good for
【详解】be good for对……有益，it用作形式主语，后面的“to eat more fruit and vegetables.”是真正主语，故答案为It’s good for。
55． got/was mad
【详解】短语get/be mad表示生气；根据“After she heard the news”可知，这里用一般过去时，主语是单数，be用was，get的过去式是got。故填got/was；mad。
56． making/having effort
【详解】make/have an effort“做出努力”，是固定短语，without是介词，后接doing形式，所以make/have要用making/having，故填making/having，effort。
57． table manners
【详解】根据中英文对照可知，餐桌礼仪：table manners，固定用法。故填table；manners。
58． makes me feel at home
【详解】make sb feel at home“使某人感觉像在家里一样”，me“我”，此句是一般现在时，kindness是不可数名词，动词用三单，故填makes；me；feel；at；home。
59．(e)astern
【详解】句意：中国是一个不同于西方国家的东方国家。根据“China is an… country which is different from Western countries.”及首字母可知，中国是一个东方国家，eastern“东方的”，形容词作定语，故填(e)astern。
60．(s)easons
【详解】句意：在四个季节中她最喜欢春天。根据“she likes spring best.”可知此处是指季节，season“季节”，可数名词，被four修饰，应用复数，故填(s)easons。
61．(b)ehave
【详解】句意：不同的人在餐桌上表现不同。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语，所以用动词。结合“...differently at the table”和首字母b可知，此处指餐桌上的“表现”。behave“表现”。根据句意可知，本句描述的是经常发生的事情，应用一般现在时。主语是“Different people不同的人”，所以动词用原形。故填(b)ehave。
62．(N)either
【详解】句意：你和John都不知道如何拼写那个单词。根据“…you nor John knows how to spell the word”和首字母提示可知，要填neither；neither…nor表示“既不……也不……”。故填(N)either。
63．(w)orth
【详解】句意：电影《长空之王》非常值得一看。你不能错过。根据首字母可知，此处是be worth doing sth.“值得做某事”。故填(w)orth。
64．(n)inth 65．(w)ays 66．(u)sed 67．(b)us 68．(i)s 69．(k)nowledge 70．(p)roud 71．(W)estern 72．(e)verything 73．(a)lone
【分析】本文主要论述了中国的老人们专有的节日——重阳节，同时也介绍了中国和西方国家在对待老人方面的相似和不同之处。
64．句意：这个节日是农历第九个月的第九天。根据常识可知，重阳节是在农历九月九日；即一年中的第九个月份，所以用序数词。故填(n)inth。
65．句意：中国人表达敬意的方式很多。many后面加可数名词复数形式，结合“There are many...in which Chinese people express their respect.”以及首字母w，可知这里填ways，表示“有很多表达敬意的方法”。故填(w)ays。
66．句意：当我们向老年人赠送一本书时，要用两只手。根据“ When we present a book to an older person, two hands are...”可知，我们使用手递书。结合首字母u，use是动词，意为“使用”，two hands与use之间是被动关系，被动语态的结构是be+动词的过去分词。故填(u)sed。
67．句意：在拥挤的地铁或公共汽车上，年轻人总是给老年人让座。冠词a后面加可数名词单数形式，结合“ on a crowed subway or a...”由or并列交通工具，以及首字母b可知，这里填bus公交车。故填(b)us。
68．句意：在中国，尊重老人是一项传统。“Respecting older people”动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数第三人称形式；“a tradition”名词可作表语，结合首字母i，可知这里填is，符合题意。故填(i)s。
69．句意：那是因为中国人知道老年人有年轻人可以学习的知识和经验。根据“ older people have... and experience ”可知，这里填名词，由and并列两个名词作宾语。根据“older people have...and experience that young people can learn”以及首字母k，可推知，年轻人学习老年人的知识和经验。knowledge是名词，意为“知识”，不可数名词。故填(k)nowledge。
70．句意：所以中国人以老而自豪。be动词之后可加形容词作表语；根据首字母p以及“So Chinese people are...of being old.”可推知，be proud of意为“以……自豪”，故填(p)roud。
71．句意：然而，在西方国家，老年人很少认为自己老了。countries是名词，前面可加形容词进行修饰；根据“however, older people seldom think they are old.”以及首字母大写W，可知这里填Western，形容词，意为“西方的”。故填(W)estern。
72．句意：他们宁愿自己做所有事情。根据“In...countries, however, older people seldom think they are old.”以及“They’d rather do...themselves.”可推知，他们很少认为自己老了，所以他们宁愿自己做一切。由首字母e，可知这里填everything，意为“一切事情”。故填(e)verything。
73．句意：但是西方的老年人并不经常和他们的孩子住在一起，他们是一个人住的。分析句子可知，这里填副词，修饰动词live。根据“Western seniors don’t often live with their children”可知，他们独自居住。alone是副词，意为“独自”。故填(a)lone。
74．People shake hands when meeting (each other) in the USA./They shake hands. 75．One person usually pays for everyone. 76．Chicken wings and hamburgers can be eaten with fingers (in some Western countries)./Chicken wings and hamburgers. 77．(In Spain) people have lunch at 3 p.m./At 3 p.m. 78．We should pay attention to four rules./Four (rules).
【分析】本文讲述了不同的国家有不同的风俗习惯，详细介绍了我们应该注意的四条规则以及要入乡随俗的道理。
74．根据“In the USA, people shake hands when meeting each other.”可知在美国，人们见面时会握手。故填People shake hands when meeting (each other) in the USA ./They shake hands.
75．根据“In China one person usually pays for everyone”可知在中国，通常由一个人来支付所有人的费用。故填One person usually pays for everyone.
76．根据“However, there is some food which can be eaten with your fingers, such as chicken wings and hamburgers.”可知在一些西方国家，有一些食物可以用手拿着吃，比如鸡翅和汉堡包。故填Chicken wings and hamburgers can be eaten with fingers (in some Western countries)./Chicken wings and hamburgers.
77．根据“In Spain it is common to have lunch at 3 p.m. and dinner at 10 p.m..”可知在西班牙通常三点吃午餐。故填(In Spain) people have lunch at 3 p.m./At 3 p.m.
78．根据“If you are invited to have dinner in a western family, you are expected to arrive on time. It’s better for you to prepare a gift. Be seated from the left side and put the handkerchief on your legs.”可知当被邀请去一个西方家庭做客时，要按时到、准备一个礼物、从左侧坐以及把手帕放到腿上，一共四条规则。故填We should pay attention to four rules./Four (rules).
79．There are many differences in eating habits between China and Western countries.
Firstly，Chinese people like rice，noodles，vegetables and meat while Western people prefer bread，milk，salad and steak. Secondly，westerners are used to eating with knives and forks，but the Chinese eat with chopsticks. Thirdly，westerners don't make a loud noise during meals. They think it is impolite. But it is common for the Chinese to talk with their family and friends while having dinner.
【详解】1.题干解读：本题要求介绍中西方饮食习惯的异同，属于说明文写作。作者开篇就明确中国和西方国家在饮食习惯上有很多不同；然后分三点介绍中西饮食文化的区别。
2.例文点评：这篇习作共有二段，是“总分”结构。用第三人称展开叙述，时态是一般现在时。内容充实，区别明确，结构完整，表达条理，是一篇优秀的习作。
3.高分亮点：
短语：between … and, be used to doing, with knives and forks, make a loud noise, to talk with, have dinner.
句型：Secondly, westerners are used to eating with knives and forks, but the Chinese eat with chopsticks.（并列结构）
Chinese people like rice, noodles, vegetables and meat while Western people prefer bread, milk, salad and steak.（时间状语从句）
They think it is impolite.（宾语从句）
But it is common for the Chinese to talk with their family and friends while having dinner.（固定句型）
【点睛】书面表达题既不是汉译英，也不是可任意发挥的作文。它要求将所规定的材料内容经整理后展开思维，考查运用所学英语知识准确表达意思的能力。所以，考生不能遗漏要点，要尽量使用自己熟悉的单词、短语和句式，尽可能使用高级词汇和较复杂的句式结构以便得到较高的分数。
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