人教版九年级上册 Unit 13 We're trying to save the earth!（基础 阅读 写作）基础练习（含解析）

Unit13（基础+阅读+写作）基础练习
一、单项选择
1．The opening ceremony（开幕式） of the 19th Asian Games ________ at the Hangzhou Olympic Sports Center Stadium in Hangzhou, East China’s Zhejiang Province on the evening of September23rd, 2023.
A．holds B．held C．is held D．was held
2．—Celia, you’d better ______ the TV now. It’s time to go to bed.
—Oh, Mum, the talk show will be over soon. Please give me ten more minutes.
A．turn on B．turn up
C．turn off D．turn down
3．Generally speaking, there _______ be any survivors(幸存者) after such a long time. However, two young people were found _______. Life is super-nature!
A．mustn’t; living B．can’t; dying
C．may; dead D．can’t; alive
4．—Why hasn’t Tony come
—The invitation letter ________ to Toby by mistake.
A．was emailed B．has emailed C．is emailed D．emailed
5．WenChang Middle School in Yongchuan ________ last year .
A．builds B．built C．is built D．was built
6．More natural protection areas should ________ in the future.
A．set up B．to set up C．be set up D．setting up
7．Li Ming ________ this English book for three years.
A．has had B．has bought C．have bought D．bought
8．Doris ________ the Science Club in November 2021.
A．has joined B．took part in C．has been in D．joined
9．I will never forget the day________ we spent in the old town with small houses
A．who B．whom C．that D．what
10．—How beautiful the song You and Me _________! Who _______ it ________ by
—Liu Huan and Sarah Bringtrnan.
A．is sounded , is , sung B．sounds , does , sing
C．is sounded , does, sing D．sounds ,is , sung
二、完形填空
Rising Problem of Smog
SMOG is a big problem in many Chinese cities. 11 it seems that besides wearing a mask （口罩）, few of us know what has caused the smog and what to do to 12 it. Chai，a news reporter, 13 the questions in her film.
In the film, Chai visits polluted places and talks to 14 officials and scientists. She concludes that burning too much 15 and oil are the main causes of PM 2.5 and smog.
To make things worse, according to Chai, the coal and oil we are burning is of 16 quality and don’t meet the standards（标准） for environmental protection. So they have produced more 17 gas and particles（颗粒）to pollute the air.
To 18 the problem, Chai suggests that we should clean our coal and oil or replace them with 19 energy such as natural gas.
What can we do to help beat the smog
Choose to take public transportation, such as the subway or 20 . If your destination（目的地）is not 21 , you can also walk or ride a bike.
You can call the hotline 12369 for complaints and questions about 22 . It is run by China’s Ministry of Environmental Protection.
Ask your parents to clean the cooking area often. This can 23 extra harmful gas.
If you find any polluter, take a picture of it and 24 it on your social media accounts（账户）. Remember to add “@local environmental departments” on Weibo.
25 factories that pollute the environment. Don’t buy products made from these factories.
11．A．And B．But C．So D．Then
12．A．increase B．beat C．spread D．recycle
13．A．discussed B．remembered C．forgot D．avoided
14．A．hospital B．army C．school D．government
15．A．plastic B．wood C．paper D．coal
16．A．poor B．good C．proper D．excellent
17．A．useful B．useless C．harmful D．harmless
18．A．solve B．raise C．admit D．share
19．A．faster B．cheaper C．cleaner D．safer
20．A．buses B．planes C．trains D．ships
21．A．hot B．near C．cold D．far
22．A．wealth B．environment C．temperature D．atmosphere
23．A．produce B．develop C．prevent D．form
24．A．post B．finish C．visit D．keep
25．A．Get used to B．Pay attention to C．Stick with D．Result in
三、阅读理解
In December 2021, people in Shenzhen found that water ran more slowly from their taps. The government said the city was facing its most serious watershortageever.
Some other cities in the southern part of China, are also becoming “pared with northern areas, southern areas have more rain and are close to more rivers and lakes. So why are they still short on water
In big cities like Shenzhen and Guangzhou, populations are growing fast. As a result, people and factories need more and more water. Each person in Shenzhen has less than 200 cubic meters of water each year. It’s 1/12 of the country’s average (平均水平). According to the UN, it is an “absolute（完全的）water shortage” when the number is below 500 cubic meters.
Weather change is making the water problem worse. For example, most cities in Guangdong depend on the Dongjiang River as their main source (来源) of water. In 2021, the river was reported to be drying up. Because of weather change, there’s also less snow in the mountains of Xizang. The snow has long been the source of water for many areas in China. Those mountains might provide less water in the future.
There are other reasons for water shortages. For example, water pollution makes it harder to get clean drinking water. Factories and farms don’t use water efficiently(有效地). Some cities have enough rainfall, but don’t have big lakes or reservoirs (水库) to store water. The water just goes into the sea.
March 22 is World Water Day. The theme this year is “groundwater ”. We can’t see groundwater. It’s under our feet. But it plays an important role in our lives. About 98 percent of Earth’s fresh water is groundwater. It is 60 times as plentiful (丰富的) as the fresh water in lakes and rivers. But in many places, people overuse and pollute groundwater. We should pay more attention to this hidden water resource.
根据短文内容选择最佳答案。
26．The underlined word “shortage” in the passage means ________.
A．短小 B．短缺 C．短暂
27．The amount of water each person has in Shenzhen each year ________.
A．meets the UN’s standards
B．is higher than the country’s average
C．shows that the city’s water problem is serious
28．What other reasons for water shortages mentioned in the fifth paragraph
①Water pollution②Weather change③Lack the storing place④Populations
A．①③ B．②④ C．①④
29．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．About 60 percent of Earth’s fresh water is groundwater.
B．Water pollution makes it easier to get clean drinking water.
C．Mountains in Xizang have less snow.
30．The passage is mainly about ________.
A．water pollution B．water shortage C．World Water Day
① Green is the color of nature and the symbol of life. For thousands of years, humans have followed the laws of nature to live in harmony (和谐) with nature.
② That has been seen in ancient Chinese houses. Ancient Chinese often built their homes at the foot of the mountain with a river running nearby. The mountains could stop the cold wind from the north and the river provided water for life. Most houses were also built facing south or west so that the rooms were able to get enough sunshine in winter and keep cool in summer.
③ In modern times, humans didn’t follow the laws of nature during fast development. Luckily, it’s never too late to make changes.
④ Green development is the goal of all countries. On April 23, 2016, China signed the Paris Agreement on climate change, giving a strong push to the international efforts against global (全球的) warming.
⑤ Also in China, the government added green development to the country’s work plans. From 1999 to the end of 2018, by carrying out Mother River Protection Operation, China raised 600 million yuan to build over 5,700 green projects. Through international cooperation (合作), over 98.32 million trees were planted across China.
⑥ Denmark is a leading country in wind and solar technologies. This year Denmark has started the “Power-to-X” plan, providing about 1.25 billion kroner (about 1.27 billion yuan) for projects producing hydrogen (氢气).
⑦ Builders across the world are also playing a role in green development. In Chicago, pressed newspaper, recycled glass and plastic are used on buildings. In Bali, the green school is made from bamboo. The school gets its electricity (电) from solar panels (太阳能电池板), water power and a generator that burns farm waste.
⑧ Following the laws of nature is the only way out. A small move in one country may influence the global community as a whole. Let’s join our hands to make the world a better place for now and future.
31．What do we know about the ancient Chinese houses
A．They were built on the mountains. B．They were built far from rivers.
C．They were built facing south or west. D．They were built to get enough wind.
32．How does the writer develop his idea in Paragraph 7
A．By explaining the results. B．By raising questions.
C．By comparing differences. D．By giving examples.
33．Which of the following would the writer agree with
A．Everyone is part of the green development.
B．Green buildings are the future of the world.
C．Green development is just protecting nature.
D．The future of humans depends on technology.
34．Which is the best structure of this passage
A． B．
C． D．
Nina is reading a book which described 37 endangered natural and cultural treasures in the world. The writers want the book to be a hopeful call to action. Here are some examples of these places.
Mount Kilimanjaro
Mount Kilimanjaro in northeastern Tanzania, is the highest point in Africa, measuring almost 6, 000 meters. The mountain supports 5 plant areas and many kinds of animals. The ice glaciers（冰川）on the mountain are disappearing very quickly. This will have a bad effect on the mountain’s ecosystems（生态系统）and on Tanzania’s travel industry. Also, a valuable record of thousands of years of weather history will also be lost if the ice melts.
Glacier National Park
In the United States, the icy blocks in Glacier National Park may soon completely disappear because of the weather change. In 1850, there were about 150 glaciers. By comparison, there are 26 glaciers remaining today. But some scientists estimate that they will be gone by 2030. Warm temperatures are also threatening the many kinds of plants and animals that live in this mountain ecosystem.
Great Barrier Reef
The Great Barrier Reef in Australia is the largest coral reef（珊瑚礁）system in the world. Rising sea temperatures are greatly harming the reef. In some areas, healthy yellow, brown and green reefs have become white. The coral whitens when it is in warmer temperature. Sick or dying coral affects the whole ecosystem of this special underwater area. Water pollution and visits by careless swimmers and divers also threaten the reef.
35．Mount Kilimanjaro is very important because of its ________.
A．highest point measuring almost 6, 000 kilometers in Africa
B．support for 5 plant areas and all the animals in the world
C．bad effect on ecosystems and Tanzania’s travel industry
D．valuable record of thousands of years of weather history
36．The underlined word “they” in Paragraph 3 refers to ________.
A．glaciers B．plants C．animals D．warm temperatures
37．Which of the following is NOT harmful to the Great Barrier Reef
A．Warmer temperature. B．Careful visitors.
C．Water pollution. D．Sick or dying coral.
38．In the passage the writer uses the way of writing by ________.
①providing examples ② giving definitions（定义） ③listing numbers ④ making comparisons
A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④
39．The book is probably called ________.
A．Treasures in the World B．Endangered Treasures
C．Ecosystem of the World D．Interesting Places
①When you think of hot summer days, what comes to your mind Eating ice cream from the fridge while staying in an air-conditioned (装空调的) room, right However, do you know that fridges and air conditioners use lots of energy Worldwide, 20% of total electricity is used to cool spaces. Yet, at the same time, lack of access (缺少途径) to cooling spaces leads to nearly 40% of heat-related deaths. So some companies are developing new cooling methods that can help us stay safe and reduce pollution.
②Researchers in the US have developed a white paint. The paint can reflect (反射) 98.1% of all sunlight that falls on it. At present, the paints we use don’t cool surfaces(表面) and reflect about 80%-90% of sunlight. It took the researchers seven years to develop the paint. They did thousands of experiments. The results are fantastic—just covering a roof (屋顶) area of 1,000 square feet will produce a cooling power over 10 kw. It’s more powerful than a central air conditioner.
③At the same time, researchers in Saudi Arabia are developing a cooling system that can work without electricity. It uses the energy from sunlight to cool down. The system is based on a natural phenomenon (现象) that happens when salt is added to water. As salt melts in warm water, it takes in energy and cools the water. After experimenting with different salts for their cooling system, the researchers chose ammonium nitrate (硝酸铵), because it is cheap and common. According to the study, within 20 minutes of adding the salt, the system cools to about 3.6℃. And it keeps a temperature below 15℃ for 15 hours! This technology can be used for cooling both spaces and food, after which the salt can be reused.
④If these technologies can be widely used, we will be able to eat ice cream in a cool room without using electricity!
40．According to the passage, people all over the world use 1/5 of electricity ________.
A．to store ice cream B．to make air conditioners work
C．to cool spaces D．to treat heat-related illnesses
41．What do we know about the white paint
A．It can only be used to cover roof areas. B．Researchers spent years developing it worldwide.
C．It’s as powerful as a central air conditioner. D．It can cool the house when it covers the roof.
42．Which of the following is the structure of the passage
A．①—②③—④ B．①—②③④ C．①②③—④ D．①②—③—④
43．The writer’s purpose in writing the passage is ________.
A．to call on readers to save energy B．to encourage readers to use new technology
C．to warn readers not to use air conditioners D．to introduce green cooling methods to readers
四、语法选择
As we know, we all need a healthy environment. I wonder 44 we can work to reduce carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) around us. Well, here 45 some ways to follow.
▲Only turn the water heater 46 when necessary, and the temperature controls to avoid overheating. Put a lid on a pan when boiling water.
▲When using the washing machine, be sure there’s a full load and turn the temperature down 47 it’s not really dirty.
▲Save energy by using efficient (节能的) light bulbs. They use about 48 the energy of normal bulbs and last 10 times as long.
▲Each week, choose one day when you don’t eat meat. Meat uses up lots of energy because it 49 a long time to produce.
▲Food production eats up lots of energy. When you buy food, go local rather than imported (进口的), and get fresh vegetables 50 frozen (冷冻的).
▲Take showers rather than baths and reduce your shower time by two minutes. This 51 water and give you an extra two minutes in bed.
▲ Look for something reusable and recyclable, and remember 52 your reusable shopping bags!
We can do more things to recycle 53 we can reduce carbon dioxide in the air and we all have a strong and healthy body.
44．A．how B．what C．which
45．A．was B．is C．are
46．A．on B．off C．up
47．A．unless B．whether C．if
48．A．a thirds B．one third C．one third of
49．A．costs B．takes C．spends
50．A．but B．instead of C．instead
51．A．saves B．has saved C．will save
52．A．carries B．carrying C．to carry
53．A．so that B．however C．in order
五、完成句子
54．为了使我们的教室干净整洁，我们应该扔掉这些垃圾。
To make our classroom clean and tidy, the rubbish away.
55．喝被污染水对人的健康是有害的。
Drinking polluted water people’s health.
56．你过去经常弹钢琴吗？
play the piano
57．由于所剩时间无几，他不得不缩短他的演讲。
He his speech because there was little time left.
58．暑假期间经常看见你打篮球。（完成译句）
You were often play basketball during the summer holiday.
六、单词拼写
59．The old lady didn’t know whether her son was a after the war.
60．There is a pencil at the b of the box.
61．Reading has many a . For example,it can make you wise.
62．Pollution is h to humans’ health.
63．Mobile payment (移动支付) is popular in China. Look! That boy is u his phone to pay for (付款) the ice-cream.
七、短文填空
根据短文内容和所给中文或首字母提示，用单词的正确形式完成以下短文。
Earth Day falls on 64 (四月) 22 every year. It’s hard to believe that clear skies, clean 65 (水) and beautiful green land are facing great danger. On Earth Day 2024, we have a choice: act now or 66 (失去) the natural beauty of our home. It’s time to join in the global movement and make every day Earth Day.
The theme of Earth Day 2024 is “Planet vs. Plastics”. It is about 67 (与……作斗争) the big problem of plastic. Plastic can be found e 68 , in our food, soil, air and even inside us. It’s h 69 to our health. We want a 70 (未来) without so much plastic.
The petrochemical (石油化学) industry is a big part of the problem. People 71 (有时候) build factories in poor areas and it causes some environmental problems. Besides, a large number of plastic bags and drinking bottles are not recycled. If we keep producing plastic products, we 72 (浪费) more energy and make the environment even worse.
That is why the Earth Day organization wants all countries to work together. We must stop single-use plastics and ask for international action. By doing so, we can create a healthier and 73 (好的) world.
八、任务型阅读
Eight years ago, 1-week-old Diandian was left behind. When people found her in the reeds (芦苇) of a lake, she looked too weak to survive. Now she is the mother of three milu, thanks to the workers’ attention and care at the East Dongting Lake National Nature Reserve.
Li is the president of a milu conservation association in Yueyang and head of a local milu and bird rescue center, where 11 deer, including Diandian, have their families. Li and his workmates need to work extra hours to take care of the animals from March until mid-May. He remembers March 18 this year. He fed Diandian some fresh shoots and leaves for breakfast as usual, and moments later when he returned, a newborn milu was right beside her. Since it is her third baby and born in the third month of the year, people named it Sansan, referring to “three-three”. Li has developed a deep affection for milu and made up his mind to protect them. “As our country is paying more attention to environmental and wildlife protection, people are increasingly aware that milu are state-protected animals,” Li said.
Milu habitats (栖息地) are usually centered around water, and fishing equipment that used to be a threat to the animals is no longer seen in nature reserves. On May 27, a team of experts went to watch milu near Dongting Lake. It takes time and luck to meet one and count them especially when they live in the thick reeds that are 4 to 5 meters tall. The team leader Song, saw a milu for the first time when he was studying for his doctorate in zoology early in 2009. Since then, he has helped protect the habitats at Dongting Lake. As the flood season is coming, Song and his workmates will go around the lake area day and night to save deer in trouble, and provide feed for the animals when needed.
As the environment improves in and around Dongting Lake, China’s second-largest freshwater lake, the wetland has become cover once again for wildlife. “We will continue to protect these rare animals and their living environment,” Song said.
74．How was Diandian when she was found in the reeds eight years ago
75．Why do people call Diandian’s new baby Sansan
76．Why does Li think more people realize milu are state-protected animals
77．When did Song start to devote himself to protecting the habitats at Dongting Lake
78．What can you learn from Li, Song and Their workmates (请自拟一句话作答)
九、书面表达
79．你的学校将举行以“低碳生活”为主题的英语征文活动，请你根据思维导图的提示以“How to be a greener person”为题，写一篇英语短文。
要求：
1、应包含思维导图提示中所有要点，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
2、词数：80词左右；
3、标题、首尾段已给出，不计入总词数。
4、文中不得出现考生真实姓名、学校名称等。
How to Be a Greener Person
It’s our duty to protect the environment around us.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Let’s do something to protect our environment.
试卷第10页，共12页
参考答案：
1．D
【详解】句意：2023年9月23日晚，第19届亚运会开幕式在中国东部浙江省杭州市奥体中心体育场举行。
考查被动语态。主语与动词hold之间是被动关系，结合“on the evening of September23rd, 2023”可知，此句是一般过去时，此处用一般过去时被动语态was/were done的结构，故选D。
2．C
【详解】句意：——Celia，你最好关上电视，该到上床睡觉的时间了。——妈妈，脱口秀节目很快就结束，再多给我十分钟。
考查动词短语。turn on打开；turn up声音调高点；turn off关上；turn down声音调低点；根据“It’s time to go to bed.到了该上床睡觉的时间了”，可知应该关闭电视。故选C。
3．D
【详解】句意：一般来说，过了这么长的时间，是不可能有任何幸存者了。可是，还是发现了两名活着的年轻人。生命真的是神秘！
考查情态动词表推测的用法。can’t表示不可能，mustn’t表示禁止，may表示可能，alive活着的，多做表语或是补语；living活着的，作定语；dead死的。第一空“ there _______ be any survivors(幸存者) after such a long time”表示长时间后不可能有幸存者，表示不可能用can’t；根据“Life is super-nature!”可推测两个年轻人是活着的，第二空用alive，故选D。
【点睛】情态动词是中考的热点，情态动词除了表推测外，还可以表达另外的意思，如must理解为“必须”，由这个词所开头的问句，肯定回答用Yes, you must.否定回答用No, you needn’t或者是No, you don’t have to.注意不用mustn’t，因为mustn’t表示“禁止”的含义。
4．A
【详解】句意：——Tony为什么还没有来？——邀请信被错误地发送给了Toby。
考查被动语态。“letter”与“ email”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，排除BD；结合语境可知邮件是过去发送的，应用一般过去时，故选A。
5．D
【详解】句意：去年永川建立了文昌中学。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“last year”可知是过去时，主语“WenChang Middle School”和动词“built”构成被动关系，结构为：was/were＋过去分词。故选D。
6．C
【详解】句意：在未来更多的自然保护区应该被建立。这里应该用被动语态，结构是be+过去分词；情态动词should后用动词原形，故选C
7．A
【详解】句意：李明拥有这本英语书已经三年了。
考查现在完成时。根据“for three years”可知，时态需要用现在完成时，排除D；for three years应与延续性动词连用，而buy是瞬间动词，排除B和C；have“持有，拥有”，延续性动词，其过去分词为had，符合语境。故选A。
8．D
【详解】句意：多丽斯于2021年11月加入科学俱乐部。
考查时态和动词辨析。join 多指参加组织、团体、党派等，后面也可以跟人，表示和某人一起(参加活动)；take part in多指参加一般的活动、运动、聚会等；结合“in November 2021”可知，描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，动词用过去式，排除AC选项；结合“the Science Club”可知，此处指的是加入俱乐部，应用join，故选D。
9．C
【详解】句意：我永远不会忘记我们在老城的小房子里度过的那一天。
考查定语从句。who谁；whom谁，宾格；that那个；what什么。分析句子结构可知，此句是一个定语从句，从句缺少“spent”的宾语，且先行词是“the day”，因此用关系代词“that”。故选C。
10．D
【详解】此题前句重点考查sound+adi表示听起来怎样；后句主要是考查被动语态的基本结构意思是这首歌是谁演唱的/
11．B 12．B 13．A 14．D 15．D 16．A 17．C 18．A 19．C 20．A 21．D 22．B 23．C 24．A 25．B
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了雾霾形成的原因，以及如何保护环境。
11．句意：但是似乎除了戴口罩。
and而且；but但是；so所以；then然后。根据下文“few of us know what has caused the smog and what to do to”可知，指虽然雾霾是大问题，但是似乎除了戴口罩，很少的人知道什么原因引起了雾霾。故空格处的连词表示转折关系。故选B。
12．句意：几乎没人知道雾霾是什么引起的，怎么打败它。
increase增加；beat打败；spread传播；recycle回收。根据下文“What can we do to help beat the smog ”，可知，很少的人知道什么引起了雾霾并怎么打败它。故选B。
13．句意：在电影里讨论了这个问题。
discussed讨论；remembered记住；forgot忘记；avoided避免。根据下文“In the film, Chai visits polluted places and talks to …officials and scientists.”可知，柴在电影里讨论了雾霾的问题。故选A。
14．句意：柴参观了受污染的地方，和政府，官员们和科学家们交谈。
hospital医院；army军队；school学校；government政府。根据常识可知，解决受污染的环境需要和政府，官员和科学家讨论。故选D。
15．句意：她得出结论，燃烧过多的煤和油是引起PM2.5和雾霾的主要原因。
plastic塑料；wood木材；paper纸；coal煤。根据下文“the coal and oil we are burning is”可知，燃烧过多的煤和油是引起PM2.5和雾霾的主要原因。故选D。
16．句意：我们燃烧的煤和油是低质量，没有达到环境保护的标准。
poor贫困的；good好的；proper正确的；excellent优秀的。根据下文“don’t meet the standards（标准） for environmental protection.”可知，我们燃烧的煤和油是低质量的。故选A。
17．句意：所以他们生产更多有害的气体和颗粒来污染空气。
useful有用的；useless无用的；harmful有害的；harmless无害的。根据语境，污染空气的是有害的气体。故选C。
18．句意：为了解决这个问题。
solve解决；raise募集；admit承认；share分享。根据下文“Chai suggests that we should clean our coal and oil”可知，柴建议我们清洁煤和油来解决这个污染的问题。故选A。
19．句意：柴建议我们清洁我们的煤和油或者用更干净的，比如像天然气这样的能源来替代它们。
faster更快的；cheaper更便宜的；cleaner更干净的；safer更安全的。根据上文“To… the problem”可知，我们要使用更干净的天然气，这样，才不会对环境产生更大的污染。故选C。
20．句意：比如，乘坐地铁和公交车。
buses公共汽车；planes飞机；trains火车；ships船。根据上文“Choose to take public transportation”可知，公共汽车是公共交通工具。故选A。
21．句意：如果你的目的地不远。
hot热的；near附近的；cold冷的；far远的。根据下文“you can also walk or ride a bike”可知，你可以走路或骑自行车去不远的地方。故选D。
22．句意：有关于环境的问题和投诉，你可以拨打热线电话12369。
wealth财富；environment环境；temperature温度；atmosphere气候。根据下文“It is run by China’s Ministry of Environmental Protection.”可知，有关环境问题，你可以拨打电话。故选B。
23．句意：这能预防额外的有害气体。
produce生产；develop发展；prevent预防，阻止；form形成。根据上文“Ask your parents to clean the cooking area often.”可知，经常清洁厨房，能阻止额外有害气体的形成。故选C。
24．句意：给它拍照，然后公布到你的社交账户上。
post公布，邮寄；finish完成；visit参观；keep保留。根据下文“Remember to add “@local environmental departments” on Weibo.”可知，指拍照后公布在社交账户上，并记得在微博上添加环境管理部门。故选A。
25．句意：注意污染环境的工厂。
get used to习惯；pay attention to注意；stick with坚持；result in导致。根据上文“What can we do to help beat the smog ”可知，为了打败雾霾，我们要注意污染环境的工厂。故选B。
26．B 27．C 28．A 29．C 30．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了水资源的短缺以及原因。
26．词义猜测题。根据“In December 2021, people in Shenzhen found that water ran more slowly from their taps. The government said the city was facing its most serious water shortage ever.”可知深圳人发现水龙头出水速度较慢，因为该市正面临有史以来最严重的缺水问题，故划线部分意为“短缺”。故选B。
27．推理判断题。根据“Each person in Shenzhen has less than 200 cubic meters of water each year. It’s 1/12 of the country’s average (平均水平). According to the UN, it is an ‘absolute （完全的）water shortage’ when the number is below 500 cubic meters”可知深圳每人每年的水不足200立方米，当数量低于500立方米时，就属于“绝对缺水”，由此可知深圳的水资源短缺问题很严重。故选C。
28．细节理解题。根据“water pollution makes it harder to get clean drinking water”以及“Some cities have enough rainfall, but don’t have big lakes or reservoirs (水库) to store water”可知水污染使人们更难获得干净的饮用水，而且有些城市有足够的降雨量，但没有大湖或水库以储存水。故选A。
29．细节理解题。根据“there’s also less snow in the mountains of Xizang”可知西藏山区的雪变少了。故选C。
30．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了水资源的短缺以及原因。故选B。
31．C 32．D 33．A 34．C
【导语】本文介绍绿色是自然的颜色，也是生命的象征。人类遵循自然规律，与自然和谐相处。
31．细节理解题。根据“Most houses were also built facing south or west”可知，大多数房屋也朝南或朝西建造，故选C。
32．推理判断题。分析第七段内容可知，作者通过举例说明世界各地的建筑商也在绿色发展中发挥着作用。故选D。
33．推理判断题。根据“A small move in one country may influence the global community as a whole. Let’s join our hands to make the world a better place for now and future.”可知，一个国家的一个小举动可能会影响整个国际社会。让我们携起手来，为现在和未来创造一个更美好的世界。由此可知，作者认为人人都是绿色发展的一份子。故选A。
34．篇章结构题。分析文章内容可知，第①段总述，引出下文；第②、③段并列，分别介绍中国古代的房屋和现代人类的快速发展；第④⑤⑥段介绍现代人类的快速发展中各国的绿色发展，第⑦段介绍现代人类的快速发展中丹麦在风能和太阳能技术；第⑧段总结全文。故选C。
35．D 36．A 37．B 38．C 39．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了几个濒危的自然宝藏，包括乞力马扎罗山、冰川国家公园和大堡礁。
35．细节理解题。根据“Also, a valuable record of thousands of years of weather history will also be lost if the ice melts.”可知，乞力马扎罗山非常重要，因为它有几千年气候历史的宝贵记录，故选D。
36．代词指代题。根据“By comparison, there are 26 glaciers remaining today. But some scientists estimate that they will be gone by 2030.”可知，如今还剩有26个冰川，它们也即将消失，“they”指代“glaciers冰川”，故选A。
37．推理判断题。根据“Rising sea temperatures are greatly harming the reef...Water pollution and visits by careless swimmers and divers also threaten the reef.”可知，小心的游客对大堡礁无害，故选B。
38．细节理解题。根据“Here are some examples of these places.”和“In 1850, there were about 150 glaciers. By comparison, there are 26 glaciers remaining today.”可知，作者使用了举例子、作比较、列数字的写作手法，没有下定义的写作手法，①③④正确，故选C。
39．推理判断题。根据“Nina is reading a book which described 37 endangered natural and cultural treasures in the world.”可知，这本书可能名为《濒危的珍宝》，故选B。
40．C 41．D 42．A 43．D
【导语】本文介绍了新的降温方法。
40．细节理解题。根据第一段“20% of total electricity is used to cool spaces”可知，总电量的20%用于冷却空间，故选C。
41．细节理解题。根据第二段“just covering a roof area of 1,000 square feet will produce a cooling power over 10 kw”可知，仅仅覆盖1000平方英尺的屋顶面积就可以产生超过10千瓦的冷却功率，所以当它盖住屋顶时，它可以给房子降温，故选D。
42．篇章结构题。结合全文可知，第一段提出问题，第二段和第三段是解决问题的方法，第四段是照应主题，所以结构是①—②③—④，故选A。
43．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了一种新的降温方法，所以作者写这篇文章的目的是向读者介绍绿色的降温方法，故选D。
44．A 45．C 46．A 47．C 48．C 49．B 50．B 51．C 52．C 53．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了一些减少二氧化碳的方法。
44．句意：我想知道我们可以怎样减少我们周围的二氧化碳。
how如何；what什么；which哪一个。根据“Well, here…some ways to follow.”以及“I wonder…we can work to reduce carbon dioxide(二氧化碳) around us.”可知应是想知道如何减少二氧化碳，故选A。
45．句意：好吧，这里有一些可以遵循的方法。
was用于一般过去时，主语是I或第三人称单数；is用于一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数；are用于一般现在时，主语是第二人称或复数人称。根据“here…some ways to follow.”可知主语是some ways，且全文是一般现在时，故要用are，故选C。
46．句意：只有在必要时才打开热水器，并控制温度以避免过热。
on在……上；off离开；up向上。根据“Only turn the water heater…when necessary”可知是说在必要的时候打开热水器，turn on“打开”，故选A。
47．句意：使用洗衣机时，请确保洗衣机已满，如果不是很脏，请将温度调低。
unless除非；whether是否；if如果。根据“turn the temperature down…it’s not really dirty.”可知此处应是条件状语从句，如果不是很脏，将温度调低，故选C。
48．句意：它们消耗的能量约为普通灯泡的三分之一，使用寿命是普通灯泡的10倍。
a thirds错误用法；one third三分之一；one third of三分之一的……。根据“They use about…the energy of normal bulbs”可知应是用普通灯泡的三分之一的能量，故选C。
49．句意：肉类消耗大量能量，因为生产需要很长时间。
costs花费，主语为物，宾语为金钱；takes花费，主语为it，宾语为时间；spends花费，主语为人，宾语为时间或金钱。根据“it…a long time to produce.”可知此处主语是it，宾语a long time是时间，故要用takes，故选B。
50．句意：当你购买食物时，选择当地的而不是进口的，购买新鲜的蔬菜而不是冷冻的。
but但是；instead of而不是，后面加单词或短语；instead代替，后面加句子。根据“When you buy food, go local rather than imported(进口的), and get fresh vegetables…frozen (冷冻的).”可知是让我们买新鲜的蔬菜而不是冷冻的，故选B。
51．句意：这样可以节省水，让你在床上多睡两分钟。
saves节约，动词单三形式，用于一般现在时；has saved用于现在完成时；will save用于一般将来时。根据“This…water and give you an extra two minutes in bed.”可知this代替前文内容，这样做是会节约水，故要用一般将来时，故选C。
52．句意：找一些可重复使用或可回收的物品，并且记得带着你的可重复使用的购物袋。
carries动词单三形式；carrying动名词形式；to carry动词不定式。根据“remember…your reusable shopping bags”可知此处应是remember to do“记得要做某事”，故选C。
53．句意：我们可以做更多的事情来回收，这样我们就可以减少空气中的二氧化碳，我们都有一个强壮健康的身体。
so that因此；however然而；in order有效的。根据“We can do more things to recycle…we can reduce carbon dioxide in the air and we all have a strong and healthy body.”可知前后是因果关系，空后是结果，故要用so that，故选A。
54． should
be thrown
【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“应该扔掉”，其英文表达是should throw away；主语是the rubbish“垃圾”，与动词throw之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态，谓语结构是should be done，throw的过去分词是thrown。故填should；be；thrown。
55．is harmful to
【详解】分析题干可知要翻译的中文是“是有害的”，对应的英文是“be harmful to”。主语是“Drinking polluted water”，故谓语动词用单数“is”。故填is harmful to。
56．Did you use to
【详解】根据句意可知，本题为一般过去时态的一般疑问句，其助动词为did；used to do“过去常常做某事”，助动词后动词使用原形use。故填Did you use to。
57．had to cut short
【详解】“不得不”用情态动词have to do表示，“缩短”可用动词短语cut short表示，根据“was”可知句子应用一般过去时，动词have的过去式为had。故填had to cut short。
58． seen to
【详解】根据句意，可知这里缺少谓语动词be seen to do sth“被看到做了某事”，空格前有be。故填seen；to。
59．(a)live
【详解】句意：老太太不知道战后她的儿子是否还活着。根据空后句“after the war.”和首字母提示可知，空处应是alive，活着的，形容词，作表语。故填(a)live。
60．bottom
【详解】句意：盒子的底部有一支铅笔。根据“there be+名词+地点”句型结构可知，此处是表方位的介词短语；英语at the bottom of意为“在……底部”；故填bottom。
61．advantages
【详解】句意：阅读有许多优点。例如，它可以让你变得聪明。由首字母a及下句“For example,it can make you wise.”可知，该句句意为“阅读有许多好处”。advantage为可数名词，意为“优点；有利条件；好处”，由many“许多的”可知后面接其复数形式，故填advantages。
62．(h)armful
【详解】句意：污染对人类健康有害。根据“Pollution”以及“health”可知污染对健康有害，be harmful to“对……有害”。故填(h)armful。
63．(u)sing
【详解】句意：那个男孩正在用手机为冰激凌付款。根据Look!看可知本句是现在进行时，根据首字母u，可知是使用，故填(u)sing。
64．April 65．water 66．lose 67．fighting 68．(e)verywhere 69．(h)armful 70．future 71．sometimes 72．will waste 73．better
【导语】本文介绍了地球日及其主题。
64．句意：每年的4月22日是地球日。根据汉语提示“四月”可知，其对应的英文表达是April。故填April。
65．句意：很难相信晴朗的天空，干净的水和美丽的绿色土地正面临着巨大的危险。根据汉语提示“水”可知，其对应的英文表达是water。故填water。
66．句意：在2024年地球日，我们有一个选择：现在采取行动，否则我们将失去我们家园的自然美。根据汉语提示“失去”可知，其对应的英文表达是lose，根据“act now or…”可知，空处应该填动词原形。故填lose。
67．句意：它是关于对抗塑料的大问题。根据汉语提示“与……作斗争”可知，其对应的英文表达是fight，空前有介词about，故此处用动名词作宾语。故填fighting。
68．句意：塑料无处不在，在我们的食物、土壤、空气中，甚至在我们体内。根据“in our food, soil, air and even inside us”可知，塑料无处不在，everywhere“到处”符合题意。故填(e)verywhere。
69．句意：它对我们的健康有害。根据“Plastic can be found e…, in our food, soil, air and even inside us.”可知，塑料无处不在，这对我们的健康有害，harmful“有害的”，形容词作表语。故填(h)armful。
70．句意：我们想要一个没有这么多塑料的未来。根据汉语提示“未来”可知，其对应的英文表达是future。故填future。
71．句意：人们有时在贫困地区建工厂，这造成了一些环境问题。根据汉语提示“有时候”可知，其对应的英文表达是sometimes。故填sometimes。
72．句意：如果我们继续生产塑料制品，我们将浪费更多的能源，使环境变得更糟。根据汉语提示“浪费”可知，其对应的英文表达是waste，此处是if引导的条件状语从句，应该遵循“主将从现”的原则，故主句部分用一般将来时will do。故填will waste。
73．句意：通过这样做，我们可以创造一个更健康、更美好的世界。根据汉语提示“好的”可知，其对应的英文表达是good。根据“healthier”可知，空处也应该填形容词good的比较级better，作定语。故填better。
74．She looked too weak to survive. 75．Because it was her third baby and born in the third month. 76．Because our country is paying more attention to environmental and wildlife protection. 77．In 2009. 78．I (We) should try our(my) best to protect the wildlife. / I(We) will tell people about the importance of protecting the wildlife. / We need to help the wildlife a lot.
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了洞庭湖自然保护区的工作人员悉心照料麋鹿“点点”，以李、宋为代表的环境保护者致力于保护珍稀动物及其生存环境。
74．根据第一段“When people found her in the reeds (芦苇) of a lake, she looked too weak to survive”可知，八年前当人们发现点点时，她看上去虚弱得无法存活。故答案为She looked too weak to survive.
75．根据第二段“Since it is her third baby and born in the third month of the year, people named it Sansan”可知，因为点点的第三个孩子出生在一年中的第三个月，所以人们给它取名为“三三”。故答案为Because it was her third baby and born in the third month.
76．根据第二段“As our country is paying more attention to environmental and wildlife protection, people are increasingly aware that milu are state-protected animalsm”可知，因为国家对环境和野生动物保护越来越重视，所以人们越来越意识到麋鹿是国家保护动物。故答案为Because our country is paying more attention to environmental and wildlife protection.
77．根据第三段“The team leader Song, saw a milu for the first time when he was studying for his doctorate in zoology early in 2009”可知，宋于2009年开始致力于保护洞庭湖的栖息地。故答案为In 2009.
78．根据最后一段“We will continue to protect these rare animals and their living environment”及全文内容可知，李、宋以及他们的同事致力于保护野生动物及其生存环境，故我们也应该尽我们的努力保护野生动物。故答案为I (We) should try our(my) best to protect the wildlife. / I(We) will tell people about the importance of protecting the wildlife. / We need to help the wildlife a lot.（本题答案不唯一，言之有理即可）
79．例文
How to Be a Greener Person
It’s our duty to protect the environment around us. When we go to school, we should ride a bike or walk to school. When we go out for activities, we shouldn’t step on the grass. We can’t draw everywhere. When we go shopping, we’d better use a cloth bag. This is beneficial for protecting the environment. At home we can save water and electricity. When we leave a room, we should turn off the lights. At school, we can collect waste paper and recycle things, such as bottles, cans and plastic bags. We shouldn’t listen to pop music or spit in public. In a word, as long as we do something to protect our earth, our environment will be greener.
Let’s do something to protect our environment.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”为主；
③提示：写作要求已给出，学生不要遗漏题目中的要点，可适当添加细节，写作时保持主谓一致，注意字数要求。
[写作步骤]
第一步，介绍选择交通工具方面怎么做；
第二步，介绍外出购物等活动时该怎么做；
第三步，介绍在家、在学校等该怎么做。
[亮点词汇]
①be beneficial for有益于
②turn off关掉
③such as例如
④in public大庭广众
⑤as long as只要
[高分句型]
①When we go to school, we should ride a bike or walk to school.（时间状语从句）
②When we go out for activities, we shouldn’t step on the grass.（时间状语从句）
③In a word, as long as we do something to protect our earth, our environment will be greener.（条件状语从句）
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