外研版（2019）必修第一册 Unit 2 Exploring English usinglanguage课件（共39张PPT,内镶嵌音频）

Exploring English
Unit 2
Using language
播放本单元词汇
When you open a dictionary, you often come across a lot of unfamiliar words. You might think this is a bit scary. But many of them are formed using other simpler words. This is called word formation.
Word formation
Grammar: Word formation
构词法
（Word formation）
英语中，词的构成方法主要有四种：合成
法、转化法、派生法和缩写。
Grammar: Word formation
构词法
(word formation)
合成法
(combining two or more words)
派生法
(adding a prefix or suffix)
转化法
(changing the part of speech)
缩写
(abbreviating)
前缀
(prefix)
后缀
(suffix)
Grammar: Word formation

Discussion：Find the types of word formation in the following pictures.
water the plant
useful
unknown

Grammar: Word formation
Match the words in bold to the types of word formation.
a. Neither is there pine nor
apple in pineapple. --4
b. … sculpt a sculpture …---2
c. When we … see rain …,we
can say “it’s raining …. ”---3
d. WHO ---1

1. abbreviating
2. changing the part of speech
3. adding a prefix or suffix
4. combining two or more words
Grammar: Word formation
合成法
合成动词
babysit
overlook
其他合成词
everyone
throughout
合成名词
newspaper
haircut
合成形容词
heartfelt
kind-hearted
Grammar: Word formation
派生法
前缀
（prefix)
dis-
im-
in-
disagree, dislike, disappear
impossible, impolite, impatient
inexpensive, incorrect, inability
inter-
mis-
non-
pre-
re-
un-
不
不
不
在……之间；相互
错误地
不，非
在……之前
再，重新
不
international,
interconnect
mislead, misunderstand
non-electrical, non-smoker
preschool, preview, prewar
retell, rewrite, reread
unable, unhappy
Grammar: Word formation
派生法
-er, or
-ment
-ship
-tion
-able
-ful
-less
-ous
-ly
（做某事）的人 / ……者
表示动作、状态、结果
表示技能、地位、性质、状态
表示结果
表示有……性质的,可……的
表示有……性质的，充满的
表示无、没有
表示有……特性的
表示方式
dancer, actor
arrangement
development
leadership
friendship
relation, reflection
washable
comfortable
useful
mouthful
careless, useless
dangerous, nervous
carefully, quickly
Grammar: Word formation

1. Let’s talk about it.
2. I think we’d better finish the talk now.
3. She gave me a glass of water.
4. You should water the flowers twice a week.
5. She is wearing a black dress.
6. The girl in black is very beautiful.
7. Tom is a brave man.
8. He always braves the difficulties in life.
转化法
动词转化为名词

名词转化为动词


形容词转化为名词


形容词转化为动词


Grammar: Word formation
缩写
首字母缩写
单词截短
as soon as possible—ASAP
World Trade Organization—WTO
advertisement—ad
laboratory—lab
Grammar: Word formation

abbreviation:
changing the part of speech:
adding a prefix or suffix:
combining two or more words:
Find more examples of word formation in the reading passage.
IT, US
it’s raining; it’s snowing
paint-painting, hard-hardly, soft-softly, harm-harmless / harmful, shame-shameless / shameful,
hamburger, eggplant, pineapple, seasick, airsick, carsick, homesick, homework, housework
Grammar: Word formation

Work in groups. Select the derivative and compound words of "like"
adding a prefix or suffix
combining two or more words

Group A
Group B
Winner ?
game playing
Summary : Word formation
构词法
(word formation)
合成法
(combining two or more words)
派生法
(adding a prefix or suffix)
转化法
(changing the part of speech)
缩写
(abbreviating)
前缀
(prefix)
后缀
(suffix)
Grammar: Word formation

Complete the passage on page 17, activity2, with the help of word formation.
Exercise
Grammar: Word formation

Complete the passage with the help of word formation.
When you open a dictionary, you often come across a lot of unfamiliar words. You might think this is a bit scary. But many of them are formed using other simpler words. This is called word formation.
Words formed by combining other words are called compounds, for example, __________ (a friend that you contact by writing, traditionally using a pen) and __________ (known by many people).
penfriend
well-known
Grammar: Word formation

Complete the passage with the help of word formation.
Prefixes and suffixes often have fixed meanings. If you add un- or in- to a word, the new word usually means the opposite. For example, if something isn’t correct it’s ________, and if someone isn’t happy they are _________. Words with the suffixes -ment and -ness are often nouns. For example, if somebody has improved a lot, they have made great ____________.
incorrect
unhappy
improvement
Grammar: Word formation

Complete the passage with the help of word formation.
Some nouns and adjectives can be used as verbs, or the other way round. When we calm somebody down, they become ______. And we can give someone a present by__________ it.
And sometimes a word is made up of the first letters of several words: “World Trade Organization ” can be referred to as _____ , and ______is short for “as soon as possible”.
It is impossible to know the meaning of every word, but knowing about word formation can help us guess their meanings.
calm
presenting
WTO
ASAP
1. Find more examples of different forms of word imformation.
2. prepare page18 to get to know American and British English.

American and British English
Watch Video for fun!
Let’s go to the films!
OK. But how shall we go to the movies?
Why not go by underground?
Er, but the subway station is far away.
Read for fun.
Hi, I’d like some sweets, please.
No problem. All the candy we sell is sweet.
I see, so you sell sweet sweets.
Shall we move the new bed by lorry?
Not by me, I hope.
Oh, I’m sorry, Lori. I meant by truck.
Both of them think they’re on the first floor, but they are on different floors.





I’m an American.
I’m an English.
Look at the picture and figure out their problem.
Look at the pictures and get to know the American English words and their English equivalents.
a subway (A)/ underground (B)
b highway(A)/ motorway (B)
c theater (A)/ theatre( B)d
gas (A)/ petrol （B)
e apartment(A)/flat (B)
f elevator (A)/lift(B)
Keys:
Now complete the passage with the words above.（P18）
Today, American English is in common international use. It is different from British English in several ways, mostly in spelling and vocabulary. Some American spellings were created by Noah Webster, who made one of America’s first dictionaries. He changed “-re” spelling to “-er”, which is why ________ is spelt ________ in American English.
theatre
theater
The Americans and the British also use different words for everyday things. For example, Americans talk about putting ______ in their cars and driving along the ________, whereas in the UK, people put ________ in their cars and drive along the ___________. Americans take the ________ to the top floor of a building, but the British use the _____.
gas
highway
petrol
motorway
elevator
lift
In the US, they take the ________ , but in the UK, people travel on the ____________. Americans live in a(n) ___________, while the British live in a(n) ______.
It’s not as confusing as it seems: usually people from the two countries can understand each other from the context. But that doesn’t stop them having a friendly argument about which word is the “right” one!
subway
underground
apartment
flat
Why there are differences between British and American English?
Noah Webster
Born: October 16, 1758
Place: Hartford, Connecticut
Died: May 28, 1848
Place: New Haven, Connecticut
Do you know this man?
Noah Webster was the author of the first American Dictionary.
He wanted to simplify the spelling of English and make it look different from British English.
Work in pairs. Find more examples of differences between American and British English. Use a dictionary or search on the Internet.

Listening & speaking: Before listening

Each year, many additions are made to English dictionaries. Recent additions include “selfie”
( a photograph that you take of
yourself, usually with a mobile
phone) and “netizen” (a citizen
who uses the Internet) .
Some messaging abbreviations have also been added, for example, BRB (be right back), COZ (because) and G2G (got to go).
Listening & speaking: While-listening
Conversation 1 --- b
Conversation 2 --- c
Conversation 3 --- a

Listen to three conversations and match them to the pictures.

Listen again and complete the table.
Listening & speaking: While-listening
{5C22544A-7EE6-4342-B048-85BDC9FD1C3A} Words
Meaning
Origin
dim sum
a kind of traditional
_________________
from
______________
_______
using a cellphone without caring about others
a combination of the words __________
and ___________
_______
a shorter way of saying
________________
from the Internet
Chinese food
the Guangdong dialect
cellfish
cellphone
selfish
LOL
laugh out loud
Work in pairs. Act out the conversation to ask for and explain the meanings of the expressions.
Student A: Turn to Page 81.
Student B: Turn to Page 84.
Listening & speaking: Speaking


DISCUSSION
Homework
1. Review word formation and find more examples of differences between American and British English. Use a dictionary or search on the Internet.
2. Find new words and their meanings on the Internet, and have a similar conversation.