2025届高考英语专项复习 基础练作业 题型四 语法填空 课件(六个专题,共255张PPT)

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名称 2025届高考英语专项复习 基础练作业 题型四 语法填空 课件(六个专题,共255张PPT)
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更新时间 2024-12-08 15:53:14

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(共255张PPT)
目录
主题1 历史与文化
01
02
主题2 人物与故事
04
主题4 科学与探索
06
主题6 自然与环保
03
主题3 社会热点
05
主题5 体育、饮食与健康
主题1 历史与文化
01
Cloze 1
话题:北京胡同 词数:约195 难度:中 建议用时:9分钟
[2023浙江卷1月]During China's dynastic period, emperors planned the city of Beijing 1. . arranged the
residential areas according to social classes. The term "hutong", 2. . (original) meaning "water well"
in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty.
In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, 3. . (surround) in concentric(同心的)
circles by the Inner City and Outer City. Citizens of higher social classes 4. . (permit) to live
closer to the center of the circles. The large siheyuan of these high-ranking officials and wealthy businessmen
often 5. . (feature) beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars(柱子). The hutongs they
formed were orderly, lined by 6. . (space) homes and walled gardens. Farther from the center lived
the commoners and laborers. Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and 7. . (simple) in design and
decoration, and the hutongs were narrower.
and
originally
surrounded
were permitted
featured
spacious
simpler
经典3+2
Hutongs represent an important cultural element of the city of Beijing. Thanks to Beijing's long history 8. .
capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic 9. .
(event). In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer
Palace, and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect 10. . culture of grassroots Beijingers.
as
events
the
本文主要介绍了北京胡同的有关情况。
1._____
and
【解析】 并列连词 皇帝们规划了北京城并按照社会阶级安排了人们的居住区域。根据语境可知,planned the city of Beijing和arranged the residential areas是并列关系,所以空处填and。
2.__________
originally
【解析】 副词 mean在此处是动词,应用副词修饰,所以空处填originally。
3.___________
surrounded
【解析】 非谓语动词 句中已有谓语动词was,故空处应为非谓语动词;结合句意"在明朝,中心就是紫禁城,它被内城和外城包围,形成同心圆的样貌"可知,surround与the Forbidden City构成逻辑上的动宾关系,所以空处填surrounded。
4.______________
were permitted
【解析】 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致 根据空前的"In the Ming Dynasty"可知,此处描述的是过去发生的事情,故应用一般过去时;较高社会阶层的人"被允许"居住在离同心圆的中心即紫禁城更近的地方,故用被动语态;主语Citizens是复数。所以空处填were permitted。
5.________
featured
【解析】 动词的时态 分析句子结构可知,空处在此作谓语。联系上下文可知,该句描述的是过去发生的事情,所以空处填featured。
6._________
spacious
【解析】 形容词 空处修饰空后的名词homes,应用形容词,所以空处填spacious。
7.________
simpler
【解析】 形容词比较级 空处与空前的smaller相呼应,表示在设计和装饰方面更简单,所以空处填simpler。
8.___
as
【解析】 介词 根据句意可知,此处表示北京作为中国的首都,所以空处填as。
9._______
events
【解析】 名词单复数 此处表示几乎每一条胡同都有自己的故事,甚至有些还和历史事件有关。event"事件",是可数名词,其前无冠词修饰,且根据句意可知,历史事件肯定不止一件,所以空处填events。
10.____
the
【解析】 冠词 此处特指草根北京人的文化,所以空处填the。
Cloze 2
话题:香港狮子山 词数:约185 难度:中 建议用时:8分钟
真题变式:城市景点[2024云南质检]The Lion Rock mountain stands not only as one of the most famous
scenic spots in Hong Kong, 1. . has become a spiritual symbol representing the persistent efforts of ordinary
Hong Kong people 2. .(live)a better life.
The Lion Rock spirit has also 3. .(deep)touched those outside Hong Kong, such as Cui Xiaodong,
4. . ink artist. "The mountain stands like a giant, symbolizing the industrious and persistent spirit which, over
the past decades, 5. . (pull)people in Hong Kong together through hard times. It is a recollection of
the youth and vigor(活力) of a generation of people in Hong Kong 6. . struggled to make the city
what it is today," he says.
but
to live
deeply
an
has pulled
who/that
Cui created Lion Rock in Hong Kong, a colored ink painting. In his painting, Cui depicts(描绘) the cliffs
of the Lion Rock, surrounded by blooming trees and 7. .(overlook)the city's skyscrapers. Made in
early 2022, the painting was 8. . show at "Greater Bay Area in the Eyes of Artists". The 9. .(exhibit)
displayed there hail(赞扬) the ecological diversity of the area and also present to the audience 10. .
(success)reformative accomplishments since 1997.
overlooking
on
exhibits
successful
本文主要介绍了香港的狮子山和水墨画艺术家崔晓东创作的关于狮子山的画。
真题变式
城市景点介绍
本语篇介绍了香港狮子山,属于城市景点介绍,选材与2023年1月浙江卷语法填空(Cloze 1)一致,有助于拓展同学们的视野。
1.____
but
【解析】 并列连词 狮子山不仅是香港最著名的景点之一,而且已成为代表普通香港人为过上更美好生活而不懈努力的精神象征。分析句子结构可知,此处为"not only...but(also)..."句型,表示"不仅……而且……",故填but。
2._______
to live
【解析】 非谓语动词 参见上题解析。effort常与动词不定式连用,表示"为做某事付出的努力",空处应用动词不定式,故填to live。
3._______
deeply
【解析】 副词 狮子山精神也深深地打动了香港以外的人,比如水墨画艺术家崔晓东。分析句子结构可知,空处作状语,修饰谓语动词touched,且此处表示"深深地打动",应用副词deeply,表示"非常,很深地"。故填deeply。
4.____
an
【解析】 冠词 参见上题解析。此处表示泛指,应用不定冠词,且ink的发音以元音音素开头,故填an。
5.__________
has pulled
【解析】 时态和主谓一致 这座山屹立着,像一个巨人,象征着香港人在过去几十年里团结一致度过了困难时期的勤劳和坚持不懈的精神。空处在which引导的定语从句中作谓语,根据时间状语"over the past decades"可知,此处应用现在完成时,且which指代先行词spirit在从句中作主语,空处应用单数形式,故填has pulled。
6._________
who/that
【解析】 定语从句 它是对一代香港人的青春和活力的回忆,他们努力使这座城市成为今天的样子。空处引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词people,空处在从句中作主语,故填who/that。
7.___________
overlooking
【解析】 非谓语动词 在他的画作中,崔晓东描绘了狮子山的悬崖,周围是繁茂的树木,俯视着城市的摩天大楼。句中已有谓语动词depicts,空处应用非谓语动词,动词overlook意为"俯视,俯瞰",与"cliffs of the Lion Rock"为逻辑上的主谓关系,应用现在分词形式,故填overlooking。
8.____
on
【解析】 介词 这幅画是2022年早些时候创作的,在"Greater Bay Area in the Eyes of Artists"展览中展出。on show为固定搭配,表示"在展出",故填on。
9.________
exhibits
【解析】 名词 展览中的展品赞扬了该地区的生态多样性,并向观众展示了自1997年以来成功的改革成就。exhibit"展品,展出物"为可数名词,展览中的展品不止一个,应用复数形式,故填exhibits。
10.__________
successful
【解析】 形容词 参见上题解析。空处作定语,修饰名词accomplishments,应用形容词形式,故填successful。
Cloze 3
话题:首届国际茶日 词数:约210 难度:中 建议用时:9分钟
[2022全国乙卷]May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially
1. . the United Nations on November 27th, 2019.To celebrate 2. . festival, a number of events took
place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.
The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society 3. .(address) the opening ceremony. "As a
main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the 4. . (large) tea-producing
country, China has a 5. .(responsible) to work with other countries to promote the healthy
development of the tea industry. It can help to build a community with a 6. .(share) future for mankind,
" he said.
by
the
addressed
largest
responsibility
shared
The "First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative" issued(发布) at the ceremony calls for
people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation 7. . cultural
exchanges. A four-year tea promotion — Tea Road Cooperative Plan — was also issued in accordance with the
initiative.
8. .(strengthen) the connection with young people, the event included a number of public
promotional activities on social media, 9. .(invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world
to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.
The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled(揭幕) at the ceremony, opening 10. .(it)
first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth — A Special Exhibition of Pu'er Tea.
and
To strengthen
inviting
its
本文主要介绍了周四在北京晋商博物馆举办的一系列庆祝由联合国设立的首个"国际茶日"的活动。
1.____
by
【解析】 介词 此处从句中谓语动词的被动语态结构为was named by..."由……命名"。
2.____
the
【解析】 冠词 此处指上文提到过的 "the first International Tea Day",故用定冠词"the"表示特指。
3.__________
addressed
【解析】 谓语动词的时态和语态 根据上文中的"took place"可知,时态应一致;address"对……发表演说"与主语"chairman"构成主动关系。故填addressed。
4._______
largest
【解析】 形容词的最高级 "tea-producing country"前应用形容词修饰,提示词为形容词,且空前有定冠词"the",再结合常识可知,应用形容词的最高级。
5._____________
responsibility
【解析】 名词 根据空前的不定冠词"a"可知,此处填名词"responsibility"。
6._______
shared
【解析】 形容词 根据空前的"a"和空后的名词"future"可知,此处应用形容词,share与future为逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词形式的形容词shared"共同的"。
7._____
and
【解析】 并列连词 根据句意可知,此处意为"促进国际合作与文化交流",故应用and。
8._____________
To strengthen
【解析】 非谓语动词 根据句意并分析句子结构可知,空处应用不定式表示目的。
9.________
inviting
【解析】 非谓语动词 本句已有谓语动词"included",提示词与"the event"之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,故空处用提示词"invite"的现在分词形式作状语。
10.____
its
【解析】 代词 "first exhibition"前应用所给词的形容词性物主代词形式,故填its。
Cloze 4
话题:茶叶分类 词数:约230 难度:中 建议用时:10分钟
真题变式:中国茶文化[2024四川巴中零诊]Tea is an important part of Chinese traditions. Chinese tea has
enjoyed a history of more than 4 000 years. Green tea and black tea are familiar 1. . many people, but there's
more. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 2. .(recent)released a document from
Chinese experts classifying tea into six types. The basic tea types are black tea, green tea, white tea, oolong tea,
dark tea and yellow tea, according to the new standard 3. .(establish)by Anhui Agricultural
University in Hefei, Anhui Province.
to
recently
established
The standardization work was led by Wan Xiaochun, professor and director of the State key laboratory of tea
plant biology and utilization at the university. For the new standard, Wan 4. .(cooperate)with 31
experts from other countries since 2008. Chen Chuan, a pioneer in tea science, put forward the classification
standard as early as in 1979. It has been widely adopted 5. . had not become an international standard until
April, when the document was released, Wan said during 6. . news conference.
7. .(process)fresh tea leaves is the most important step of tea production. The six tea types can
be further processed or reprocessed to create 8. .(product)such as scented tea(花茶) and instant tea,
the ISO document said. The classification will allow consumers, world tea traders and governments 9. .
(have)a clear understanding of the different type of tea through their advanced techniques, which have a
significant 10. .(affect)on Chinese tea industry.
has cooperated
but
a
Processing
products
to have
effect
国际标准化组织(ISO)最近发布了一份中国专家的文件,将茶叶分为六种,这一分类将使消费者、世界茶商和政府通过其先进的技术,对不同类型的茶有一个清晰的了解,这对中国茶产业有重大的影响。
真题变式
中国茶文化
本语篇与2022年全国乙卷语法填空(Cloze 3)均关注中国茶文化,引导同学们学习中国优秀文化,坚定文化自信。
1.___
to
【解析】 介词 绿茶和红茶对很多人来说都很熟悉,但还有更多。be familiar to表示"为……所熟悉",为固定搭配,故填to。
2.________
recently
【解析】 副词 国际标准化组织(ISO)最近发布了一份中国专家的文件,将茶叶分为六种。空处修饰动词released,根据语境,应用副词recently"最近"作状语。故填recently。
3.___________
established
【解析】 过去分词 根据安徽省合肥市安徽农业大学制定的新标准,基本的茶叶种类是红茶、绿茶、白茶、乌龙茶、黑茶和黄茶。空处应用非谓语动词作后置定语,修饰名词standard,动词establish与standard为逻辑上的动宾关系,应用过去分词形式,故填established。
4.______________
has cooperated
【解析】 时态和主谓一致 为了这个新标准,自2008年以来,宛教授与来自其他国家的31位专家共同合作。空处在句中作谓语,根据时间状语"since 2008"可知,空处应用现在完成时,且主语Wan为第三人称单数形式,空处应用单数形式,故填has cooperated。
5.____
but
【解析】 并列连词 宛教授在新闻发布会上说,该标准已被广泛采用,但直到4月该文件发布后才成为一个国际标准。根据句意,空处前后为转折意义,空处应用并列连词but表示"但是"。故填but。
6.___
a
【解析】 冠词 参见上题解析。此处的"news conference"在文中第一次出现,且此处表示泛指,应用不定冠词。news的发音以辅音音素开头,故填a。
7.__________
Processing
【解析】 动名词 加工新鲜茶叶是茶叶生产中最重要的一步。动词process表示"加工,处理",此处应用动名词形式作主语,且空处位于句首,首字母应大写,故填Processing。
8._________
products
【解析】 名词 ISO文件称,这六种茶可以被进一步加工或再加工,制成花茶和速溶茶等产品。product"产品"可作可数名词,根据空后的"such as scented tea(花茶) and instant tea"可知,此处表示复数意义,应用复数形式。故填products。
9.________
to have
【解析】 动词不定式 这一分类将使消费者、世界茶商和政府通过其先进的技术,对不同类型的茶有一个清晰的了解,这对中国茶产业有重大的影响。allow sb. to do sth."允许某人做某事"为固定用法,故填to have。
10.______
effect
【解析】 名词 参见上题解析。have an effect on"对……有影响"为固定搭配,动词have后应用名词effect"影响"作宾语。故填effect。
Cloze 5
话题:北京古建筑与现代建筑的融合 词数:约185 难度:中 建议用时:8分钟
[2023全国乙卷]Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the modern. From Buddhist temples to museums,
narrow hutong 1. . royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its
layout, with the city keeping its carefully 2. .(build) system of ring roads.
But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place 3. . welcomes the fast-paced development
of modern life, with 21st-century architectural 4. .(wonder) standing side by side with historical
buildings of the past.
to
built
that/which
wonders
It is a distinct visual contrast(反差) that shouldn't work, 5. . somehow these two very different
worlds make a good combination. 6. .(visit) several times over the last 10 years, I
7. .(amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich
heritage(遗产) while constantly growing. As a photographer, I have spent the last two years 8. .
(record) everything I discovered.
The 9. .(remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past
while stepping into the modern world, 10. . (mean) there is always something new to discover here, and
I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.
but/yet
Having visited
was amazed
recording
remarkable
means
北京市在保护古代文化遗产的同时发展城市,为世界各国树立了榜样。
1.___
to
【解析】 介词 from...to..."从……到……",是固定用法。文中表示"从寺庙到博物馆,从狭窄的胡同到皇家宫殿"。故填to。
2._____
built
【解析】 非谓语动词 system of ring roads与build之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,应用过去分词。故填built。
3.__________
that/which
【解析】 定语从句 分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,且在从句中作主语,先行词为place,故填that/which。
4._________
wonders
【解析】 名词 wonder在此表示"奇迹,奇观",是可数名词,其前无限定词修饰,且根据空后"standing side by side"可知,建筑奇迹不止一个,应用复数。故填wonders。
5._______
but/yet
【解析】 连词 前后分句间是转折关系,故填but/yet。
6.______________
Having visited
【解析】 非谓语动词 结合句意及句中的状语"several times over the last 10 years"可知,visit所表示的动作已经发生多次,且发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。故填Having visited。
7.____________
was amazed
【解析】 时态和语态 在过去的10年里,我来过几次,我惊叹于新与旧的共存,以及一个城市如何能够在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的遗产。此处讲述过去的情况,应用一般过去时;I和amaze之间是被动关系,应用被动语态。故填was amazed。
8._________
recording
【解析】 非谓语动词 此处考查"spend some time (in) doing something"结构,故填recording。
9.___________
remarkable
【解析】 形容词 空处在句中作定语,修饰名词development,应用形容词。故填remarkable"非凡的,卓越的"。
10._______
means
【解析】 时态和主谓一致 文章的主时态为一般现在时,此处也应用一般现在时;句子的主语为"The 9._______(remark) development of this city",谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填 means。
Cloze 6
话题:中国传统建筑 词数:约170 难度:中 建议用时:8分钟
真题变式:中国建筑[2024山东济南摸底考试]China has a unique and time-honored architectural tradition,
dating back to the Zhou Dynasty. Since ancient times, several types of architecture have been 1. .
(traditional)built by the Chinese. Each of these kinds of construction has different features.
The wooden architecture has distinctive features 2. . changed little from the Zhou Dynasty. The
buildings 3. .(construct)strong enough to survive natural disasters and were easier to rebuild. A
4. .(notice)feature of the wooden buildings was roofs with wide eaves(屋檐) and slightly upturned
corners. The builders considered 5. . important to cover wooden buildings with 6. .(overhang)
roofs. This was to protect the building from weathering since wood got damaged much 7. .(fast)when it
was wet.
traditionally
which/that
were constructed
noticeable
it
overhanging
faster
Another feature is the south-facing orientation(方向). When courtyards were built with taller buildings in
the north 8. . shorter walls facing east and west in the south, it allowed the maximum amount of sunlight
9. .(warm)the building during the winter months. This was 10. .the door and windows of the
main building faced southwards and opened over the inner courtyard.
and
to warm
why
本文主要讲述了中国传统建筑的特点。
真题变式
中国建筑
本语篇介绍中国传统建筑的特点,而2023年全国乙卷语法填空(Cloze 5)的选材与北京古建筑相关,两个语篇选材相似,都引导同学们关注中国建筑,坚定文化自信。
1.____________
traditionally
【解析】 副词 分析句子结构可知,空处修饰谓语动词,需要用到副词,所以填traditionally。句意:自古以来,中国人传统上已经建造了几种建筑。
2.__________
which/that
【解析】 定语从句 分析句子结构可知,空处引导限制性定语从句。先行词为表示物的名词features,关系词指代先行词在从句中作主语,所以空处需要填which/that。
3.________________
were constructed
【解析】 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致 分析句子结构可知,空处在句中作谓语。根据and后面的并列谓语were可知,此处时态也用一般过去时;主语The buildings与construct之间形成了被动关系;主语是复数。所以空处填were constructed。句意:这些建筑被建得很坚固,足以抵御自然灾害,同时也很方便重建。
4.__________
noticeable
【解析】 形容词 根据空前的冠词和空后的名词可知,空处需要用到形容词修饰空后的名词,所以填noticeable。句意:木制建筑的一个显著特点是屋檐宽阔且拐角略微上翘的屋顶。
5.___
it
【解析】 代词 分析句子结构可知,空处作形式宾语,指代空后的不定式"to cover wooden buildings with 6(overhang) roofs",所以空处需要填it。
6.____________
overhanging
【解析】 形容词 分析句子结构可知,空处和空后的名词roofs共同作with的宾语,因此,空处需要用到形容词,结合句意"建筑商认为用悬垂的屋顶覆盖木质建筑是重要的"可知,空处需要填overhanging"悬垂的"。
知识拓展
前缀over-与形容词后缀-ing的构词规律
前缀over-常表示"在上,在外,从上,越过,颠倒,反转"的含义,此前缀构成的词汇还有overfly"飞越"、overleap"超过,跳过"、overlook"俯视"、overthrow"推翻";overturn"倾倒"等。形容词后缀-ing常加在动词后,此类词汇由现在分词转为形容词,如encouraging"振奋人心的"、entertaining"有趣的"、fascinating"迷人的"、pressing"迫切的"等。
命题动向
提示词为派生词
2021年新高考Ⅰ卷语法填空第3题提示词为派生词undoubted,本题的提示词是由前缀over-构成的派生词,两道题的设题方式相似,均需要同学们先借助构词法猜测提示词词义,然后再根据语境和语法知识进行作答,增加了试题的难度,综合考查同学们的词汇外延能力和英语语法基础知识的运用能力。
7.______
faster
【解析】 副词比较级 分析句子结构可知,空处修饰谓语动词,需要用到副词;根据语境"这是为了保护建筑物不风化,因为当木头变湿时它的受损害速度快得多"和空前的much可知,此处需要用到副词的比较级,所以填faster。
8._____
and
【解析】 并列连词 空前的"taller buildings in the north"和空后的"shorter walls...the south"形成了并列,所以空处需要填and。句意:当庭院北面建造较高的墙,南面建造较低的东西向墙的时候,它允许最大数量的阳光在冬天温暖建筑。
9._________
to warm
【解析】 非谓语动词 "allow+宾语+不定式"为固定用法,所以空处填to warm。
10._____
why
【解析】 表语从句 空处引导表语从句。结合句意"这就是主楼的门窗朝南,面向内院开放的原因"可知,空处需要填why。
命题动向
再现考查表语从句
2023年新课标Ⅱ卷语法填空第7题考查why引导的表语从句,本题的考查点与高考试题完全一致,是对高考试题的再现考查。在解答此题时,除了需要扎实掌握基础语法知识外,理解语境是解答本题的关键。
Cloze 7
话题:中国图书文化 词数:约230 难度:中 建议用时:10分钟
[2024福建福州一检]Chinese book culture has a long history. Its roots can be traced back thousands of years,
to the earliest known 1. .(write) records in China. Over the centuries, books 2. .(be) an
essential part of Chinese culture,playing a vital role in preserving knowledge and 3. .(provide) a
source of inspiration for generations.
The first major development in Chinese book culture was the invention of movable type printing by Bi
Sheng in the 11th century. This revolutionized book production, making it much 4. .(easy) to produce and
distribute books. During China's Ming Dynasty there was a great boom of books and it 5. .(see) the birth
of one of China's best-known books, Journey to the West by Wu Cheng'en, which is still 6. .(wide) read
and studied today.
written
have been
providing
easier
saw
widely
In modern times, new genres such as science fiction and fantasies have grown in 7. .(popular),
while electronic books are becoming increasingly popular. The development of book culture has had a profound
impact 8. . Chinese society, with many books becoming cultural touchstones and inspiring people to think
about their lives and the world around them.
With its rich history and diverse genres, Chinese book culture provides a window into Chinese society. From
ancient classics to modern bestsellers, Chinese books can open up 9. . new world of ideas and knowledge for
readers around the globe. As such, it is an important part of our collective global culture, and one 10. .
should be learned more about.
popularity
on/upon
a
that
本文介绍了中国图书文化。
1._______
written
【解析】 形容词 分析句子结构可知,空处修饰空后的名词records,应用形容词,结合语境"中国的图书文化历史悠久,它的起源可以追溯到几千年前中国已知的最早的书面记录"可知,空处应该填written"书面的,笔头的"。
2.__________
have been
【解析】 动词的时态和主谓一致 分析句子结构可知,空处作本句的谓语。根据时间状语"Over the centuries"可知,时态用现在完成时;主语books是复数。所以空处填have been。
3.__________
providing
【解析】 非谓语动词 分析句子结构可知,空处与前面的preserving并列作介词in的宾语,所以空处填providing。句意:几千年以来,书已经成为中国文化的重要组成部分,在保存知识和为世代中国人提供灵感来源方面发挥着至关重要的作用。
4.______
easier
【解析】 形容词比较级 分析句子结构可知,空处作宾语补足语。根据空前的much可知,空处应用比较级,所以填easier。句意:这彻底改变了图书的生产,使生产和配送图书变得容易得多。
5._____
saw
【解析】 动词的时态、语态 分析句子结构可知,空处作第二个并列分句中的谓语。根据时间状语"During China's Ming Dynasty"可知,时态用一般过去时;此处形成了无灵主语,see的意思是"见证",表主动。所以空处填saw。句意:在中国明代,书籍非常繁荣。这一时期见证了中国最著名的著作之一《西游记》的诞生,至今这本书仍被广泛地阅读和研究。
6._______
widely
【解析】 副词 分析句子结构可知,空处修饰谓语动词,应用副词widely,表示"普遍地,广泛地"。
7.__________
popularity
【解析】 名词 空处跟在介词in的后面作宾语,应用名词,所以空处填popularity。句意:在现代,科幻小说和幻想作品等新类型日益流行,而电子书也变得越来越受欢迎。
8.________
on/upon
【解析】 介词 have an impact on/upon"对……有影响",是固定表达,故填on/upon。
9.___
a
【解析】 冠词 根据空后的"new world"可知,空处应用冠词。结合句意"从古代经典到现代畅销书,中国书籍可以为全球读者开启一个思想和知识的新世界"可知,此处表泛指,且new的发音以辅音音素开头,所以空处填a。
10._____
that
【解析】 定语从句 分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,先行词为代词one,该空指代先行词且在从句中作主语,所以空处填that。句意:严格来说,它(中国图书文化)是我们共有的全球文化的重要组成部分,我们应该更多地了解这种文化。
Cloze 8
话题:玛雅文明 词数:约205 难度:中 建议用时:9分钟
[2024安徽六校教育研究会入学测试]Deep in the jungle, the Maya built an empire. And now, scientists are
unlocking more secrets about this ancient civilization with the discovery of 417 cities 1. .(date) back to
2,000 years ago, said The Washington Post.
The cities 2. .(find) to be connected by 110 miles (about 177 kilometers) of "highways" in
May, which consisted of the "world's first-ever extensive system of highways". The "highways", 3. . Reuters
reported, were spacious roadways 4. .(make) in stone. Plus, scientists also found pyramids, ball game
courts and water engineering, 5. .(include) dams and irrigation canals.
dating
were found
as
made
including
The Maya civilization was "far 6. .(advanced) than we thought", noted The Washington Post.
As one of the greatest 7. .(civilization) of the Western Hemisphere, the Maya first established
settlements around 1800 BC. Their empire spanned parts of Mexico and several countries in Central America,
noted the website HISTORY Channel. People long believed that the Maya were still just hunter-gatherers. 8. .
the new findings showed that they were already busy creating cities in world history at the time. They did all
this in a jungle environment, which is rare and impressive. They had to clear rainforest areas 9. .(farm)
and built large underground reservoirs to store rainwater. However, by 900 BC, many Maya cities were abandoned,
calling 10. . end to the empire.
more advanced
civilizations
But
to farm
an
本文主要讲述了随着417座2 000年前的玛雅城市被发现,更多的关于玛雅文明的秘密正在被揭示出来。
1._______
dating
【解析】 非谓语动词 分析句子结构可知,本句的谓语动词是are unlocking,空处在句中作非谓语动词。date back to意为"追溯到",无被动形式,所以空处填dating。句意:据《华盛顿邮报》报道,现在,随着2 000年前的417座城市的发现,科学家们正在揭开关于这个古老文明的更多秘密。
2.___________
were found
【解析】 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致 分析句子结构可知,空处作本句的谓语。根据时间状语in May可知,此处时态用一般过去时;主语The cities与find是被动关系,且主语是复数。所以空处填were found。
3.___
as
【解析】 定语从句 分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为整个主句的内容,且从句意为"正如路透社所报道的那样",所以空处填as。句意:据路透社报道,"公路"是宽敞的石头路。
命题动向
定语从句新考法
本题考查as引导的定语从句,这在新高考全国卷的语法填空中还未考查过,丰富了命题内容。同学们在日常备考中应全面、深入地研究英语基础语法知识。
4.______
made
【解析】 非谓语动词 分析句子结构可知,空处构成非谓语动词短语作后置定语,修饰前面的名词roadways,且make与roadways是逻辑上的动宾关系,所以空处填made。
5._________
including
【解析】 介词 根据常识可知,空前的water engineering与空后的dams、 irrigation canals是包含关系,所以空处填介词including。句意:此外,科学家们还发现了金字塔、球场和水利工程,包括水坝和灌溉渠。
6.______________
more advanced
【解析】 形容词比较级 根据空后的than可知,空处应用比较级,所以填more advanced。
7.____________
civilizations
【解析】 名词复数 此处考查固定表达"one of the+最高级+名词复数",意为"最……的……之一",所以空处填civilizations。句意:作为西半球最伟大的文明之一,玛雅人大约在公元前1800年首次建立了定居点。
8._____
But
【解析】 连词 根据句意"人们长期以来一直认为玛雅人仍然只是狩猎采集者。然而,新发现显示,他们当时已经忙于在世界历史上创建城市了"可知,前后句之间形成了转折关系,故填But,注意首字母大写。
9.________
to farm
【解析】 非谓语动词 根据句意"他们必须清理热带雨林地区来耕种并建造大型地下水库来储存雨水"可知,空处构成非谓语动词短语作目的状语,所以空处填to farm。
10.____
an
【解析】 冠词 此处考查固定表达call an end to..."宣布某事物的结束或终止"。故填an。句意:然而,到了公元前900年,许多玛雅城市被遗弃,这就宣告了该帝国的终结。
创新1+1
Cloze 9
话题:中医 词数:约210 难度:中 建议用时:9分钟
新角度:人称代词[2024天星原创]Like most aspects of traditional Chinese culture, traditional Chinese
medicine, also called TCM, has a long history. It is said to have 1. .(origin) been invented by the
legendary Emperor Shennong. There is evidence of traditional Chinese medical practices 2. .(appear)
during the Shang Dynasty.
TCM is 3. . catch-all term for various medical treatments and practices and popular in China. Walk down
any street there and you're likely 4. .(run) into several pharmacies(药房) selling traditional Chinese
herbal medicines. One of the most important concepts of TCM is qi, vital energy flowing throughout the body.
Health problems can result if the flow of qi is blocked, it is too strong 5. . it is too weak.
originally
appearing
a
to run
or
TCM began to gain great 6. .(expose) in America in 1971 through an article by an American
reporter. 7. . that time, TCM has enjoyed some popularity as 8. .(alternate) treatments in the
U.S. and other Western countries. In the early years, the Chinese government sent TCM doctors to Africa as part
of China's foreign medical aid to the continent. TCM 9. .(include) in the World Health
Organization's International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems four years ago.
Inclusion in this document is accelerating the global spread of TCM and helping make 10. . an essential part of
healthcare around the world.
exposure
Since
alternative
was included
it
本文介绍了中医的发展及其在国内外的影响。
1.__________
originally
【解析】 副词 据说它最初是由传说中的神农帝发明的。空处修饰动词,故用副词形式。originally"原来,起初"。
2.__________
appearing
【解析】 现在分词 空处作后置定语修饰traditional Chinese medical practices,两者之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,故用现在分词形式。
3.___
a
【解析】 冠词 此处表示中医是一个笼统的术语,表示泛指,故用不定冠词a。catch-all"无所不包的,笼统的"。
4._______
to run
【解析】 动词不定式 走在那里的任何一条街上,你都可能会遇到几家出售传统中草药的药房。be likely to do..."可能做……"。
5.___
or
【解析】 连词 如果气的流通受阻、气太强或者气太弱就会产生健康问题。根据句意可知,空处前后为选择关系,且是完整的分句,故用or连接。
6._________
exposure
【解析】 名词 分析句子结构可知,空处应用名词作宾语。exposure"报道,关注"。
7.______
Since
【解析】 介词 从那时起,中医作为替代疗法在美国和其他西方国家享有一定的知名度。结合句意和句中的时态可知,空处应填Since,表示"自……以后,从……以来"。
8.__________
alternative
【解析】 形容词 空处作定语修饰名词treatments,故用所给词的形容词形式。alternative"可供替代的"。
9._____________
was included
【解析】 时态、语态和主谓一致 根据时间状语"four years ago"可知,空处应用一般过去时,且TCM和include之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;主语TCM(traditional Chinese medicine)是不可数名词,be动词应用单数。故填was included。
10.___
it
【解析】 代词 纳入这份文件正在加速中医的全球传播,并有助于使其成为全球医疗保健不可或缺的一部分。分析句子结构可知,空处作宾语,指代上文提到的TCM。
Cloze 10
话题:中国书法 词数:约210 难度:中 建议用时:9分钟
新角度:形容词的级[2024贵州贵阳摸底考试]Chinese calligraphy(书法) is an art form that 1. .
(involve) the skilled and deliberate use of brushes and ink to create beautiful and expressive characters.
The origins of Chinese calligraphy can be traced back thousands of years to the Shang Dynasty, making it
one of the 2. .(old) continuous artistic traditions in the world. Its evolution is accompanied by the
development of the Chinese writing system, 3. . consists of thousands of characters, each with its own
artistic structure and stroke order(笔顺).
involves
oldest
which
Calligraphy in China 4. .(regard) as one of the highest forms of artistic expression. It is not
only a means of communication 5. . a way to develop one's character, discipline, and spirituality. The practice
of calligraphy requires 6. .(patient), concentration, and a deep understanding of the balance between
empty space and solid forms.
Different styles of calligraphy have emerged throughout history, each with its own distinct characteristics and
artistic conventions. The most famous 7. .(style) include regular script (kaishu), running script
(xingshu), cursive script (caoshu), and seal script (zhuanshu).
Chinese calligraphy has a profound influence 8. . other art forms, such as 9. .(paint), poetry,
and seal carving. It is often considered as an important part of the traditional Chinese culture, where scholars and
artists would gather in a 10. .(culture) salon to appreciate and discuss calligraphic works.
is regarded
but
patience
styles
on
painting
cultural
本文介绍了中国书法的起源、发展、地位,以及它的不同风格和对其他艺术形式的影响。
1._________
involves
【解析】 动词的时态和主谓一致 分析句子结构可知,空处作定语从句的谓语,先行词an art form是单数形式,且此处描述客观事实,故填involves。句意:中国书法是一种艺术形式,它涉及熟练地、从容不迫地使用笔墨来创造美丽而富于表现力的文字。
2._______
oldest
【解析】 形容词最高级 "one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数"是固定用法,故填oldest。句意:中国书法的起源可以追溯到几千年前的商朝,这使其成为世界上延续最久的艺术传统之一。
3._______
which
【解析】 定语从句 分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,从句中缺主语,先行词是表示物的the Chinese writing system,故填which。句意:它的演变伴随着汉字书写系统的发展,该系统由成千上万个汉字组成,每个汉字都有自己的艺术结构和笔顺。
4.___________
is regarded
【解析】 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致 分析句子结构可知,空处在句中作谓语。此处描述客观事实,时态应用一般现在时;同时主语Calligraphy与regard之间是被动关系,故用被动语态;主语Calligraphy是不可数名词,谓语动词应用单数形式。故填is regarded。句意:书法在中国被认为是最高的艺术表现形式之一。
5.____
but
【解析】 连词 not only...but(also)..."不仅……而且……",是固定用法,故填but。句意:它不仅是一种交流的方式,而且是一种发展一个人的性格、自制力和灵性的方式。
6.________
patience
【解析】 名词 空处与空后的名词concentration和a deep understanding并列作requires的宾语,故用其名词形式。且patience是不可数名词,故填patience。
7.______
styles
【解析】 名词复数 分析句子结构可知,空处用名词作主语,再结合空后的内容可知,此处表示很多种风格,故填styles。
8.____
on
【解析】 介词 have an influence on..."对……有影响",是固定用法,故填on。句意:中国书法对其他艺术形式有着深远的影响,如绘画、诗歌和篆刻。
知识拓展
含有介词on的固定搭配
常见的含有介词on的固定搭配有——be based on"以……为基础"; concentrate/focus on"集中注意力于"; depend/rely on"依靠"; feed on"以……为食";insist on"坚持"等。
9.________
painting
【解析】 名词 空处与空后的poetry"诗歌"和seal carving"篆刻"并列表示一种艺术形式,故填painting"绘画"。
10.________
cultural
【解析】 形容词 分析句子结构可知,空后是名词salon,其前应用形容词修饰,故填cultural。句意:它通常被认为是中国传统文化的重要组成部分,在那里学者和艺术家聚集在一个文化沙龙里欣赏和讨论书法作品。
主题2 人物与故事
02
经典3+2
Cloze 1
话题:盲人旅行者重走古丝绸之路 词数:约200 难度:中 建议用时:9分钟
[2022全国甲卷]A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked(徒步) 40 days to Xi'an, as a first
step 1. .(journey) the Belt and Road route(路线) by foot.
On the 1,100-kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, 2. . lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a
car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three provinces. Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for
International Cooperation 3. .(hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute(致
敬) to the ancient Silk Road. 4. . friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.
to journey
who
held
A
Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental 5. .
(protect). Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more 6. .(meaning). The two of them
collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey.
In the last five years, Cao 7. .(walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he
reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa's 8. .(high) mountain.
Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4,700
kilometers 9. . Xi'an to Kashgar on Sept.20, 10. .(plan) to hike back to Xi'an in five months.
protection
meaningful
has walked
highest
from
planning
本文主要讲述了盲人旅行家曹晟康徒步穿越古丝绸之路并沿途做环保的故事。
1.__________
to journey
【解析】 非谓语动词 分析句子结构可知,本句的谓语动词是hiked,空处是非谓语动词。名词step前面有序数词first修饰,因此空处应用不定式作后置定语,故填to journey。
2._____
who
【解析】 定语从句 分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词指人,关系词在从句中充当主语,故填who。
3._____
held
【解析】 非谓语动词 分析句子结构可知,本句的谓语动词是decided,空处在句中是非谓语,且与被修饰词the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation之间形成动宾关系,故填held。
4.___
A
【解析】 冠词 根据语境可知,此处表泛指,且friend以辅音音素开头,故填A。空处位于句首,注意要大写。
5.__________
protection
【解析】 词形转换 根据空前的形容词environmental可知,空处应用名词。此处表示"环境保护",故填protection。
6.___________
meaningful
【解析】 词形转换 结合句意"这将使他的徒步旅行更有意义"可知,空处需要用形容词,故填meaningful。
7.___________
has walked
【解析】 时态、语态和主谓一致 分析句子结构可知,空处在句中作谓语。结合时间状语In the last five years可知,时态为现在完成时;空处与主语Cao之间为主动关系;主语Cao为第三人称单数,故填has walked。
8.________
highest
【解析】 形容词最高级 结合常识可知,乞力马扎罗山是非洲最高的山脉,故填最高级highest。
9.______
from
【解析】 介词 此处考查固定表达"from...to...",意为"从……到……"。
10._________
planning
【解析】 非谓语动词 分析句子结构可知,本句的谓语动词是flew,空处在句中是非谓语,与其逻辑主语He之间形成主谓关系,故填planning。
Cloze 2
话题:考古学家刘一曼 词数:约220 难度:中 建议用时:10分钟
真题变式:记叙文[2024天星原创]First discovered in 1899 at the Yin Ruins in Anyang, central China's Henan
Province, the oracle bone inscriptions, or "jiaguwen", are considered the 1. . (old) fully developed
characters of all known languages as well as 2. . origin of the Chinese characters people use today. This
ancient language has long attracted Chinese archaeologists(考古学家), and Liu Yiman is one of them.
Having taken part in two of China's major archaeological 3. . (discovery) related to the oracle
bone inscriptions, Liu had her first encounter with them in 1973 and developed an around half-century long
passion 4. . her beloved inscriptions. The discovery of "jiaguwen" marked a curtain-raiser for China to have its
academic institutions conduct archaeological excavations(发掘), thus 5. . (set) the country's
oldest
the
discoveries
for
setting
archaeological excavations on a scientific track. For Liu, the interpretations of "jiaguwen" offer clues for the
absolute dating — a technique 6. . (typical) used to conduct archaeological work — of the Yin Ruins,
and provide evidence 7. . (determine) how long ago the ancient objects came from and figure out
their ages.
Around 4,400 characters on oracle bones 8. . (identify) so far, according to the
archaeologist, with about one-third of 9. . (they) recognized. Unlike other world's most famous ancient
writing systems, oracle bone inscriptions are the only ones that did not become extinct in history 10. . still
survive thousands of years later, despite historical changes and social development.
typically
to determine
have been identified
them
but
文章讲述了中国考古学家刘一曼参与甲骨文发掘并对此产生了长达约半个世纪的热爱。
真题变式
语法填空文体多样化——记叙文
本语篇讲述了中国考古学家刘一曼与甲骨文之间的故事,文体与2022全国甲卷语法填空(Cloze 1)相同,并且两个语篇都涉及中国元素。
1._______
oldest
【解析】 形容词最高级 1899年在中国中部河南省安阳市的殷墟遗址首次发现了甲骨文,它们被认为是所有已知语言中最古老的、完全发展的文字,也是人们今天使用的汉字的起源。根据句意再结合空前的"the"和空后的"of all known languages"可知,空处应用形容词最高级形式。
2.____
the
【解析】 冠词 根据语境可知,此处意为"汉字的起源"。the origin of"……的起源",为固定用法,故填the。
3.___________
discoveries
【解析】 名词复数 根据空前的"two of China's major archaeological"可知,此处应用可数名词复数形式作宾语。
4.____
for
【解析】 介词 passion for为固定搭配,表示"对……的热爱,酷爱……"。
5._______
setting
【解析】 现在分词 甲骨文的发现拉开了中国学术机构进行考古发掘的序幕,从而使中国的考古发掘走上了科学的轨道。根据语境并分析句子结构可知,空处作结果状语,set与其逻辑主语之间是主谓关系,故填setting。
6._________
typically
【解析】 副词 对刘一曼来说,对甲骨文的解读为殷墟的绝对年代测定——一种通常用于进行考古工作的技术——提供了线索,并为确定古代物品来自多久以前和计算它们的年龄提供了证据。空处修饰动词used,故用副词形式。typically"通常,一般"。
7.____________
to determine
【解析】 动词不定式 分析句子结构可知,空处作目的状语,故填to determine。
名师点津
8.___________________
have been identified
【解析】 时态、语态和主谓一致 根据时间状语"so far"可知,此处应用现在完成时;句子主语为"Around 4,400 characters",谓语动词应用复数形式;identify与主语之间是被动关系,应用被动语态。故填have been identified。
9.______
them
【解析】 代词 分析句子结构可知,空处作介词of的宾语,故用所给代词的宾格形式,指代上文提到的"Around 4,400 characters"。
10.____
but
【解析】 并列连词 与世界上其他最著名的古代书写系统不同,甲骨文是唯一没在历史上灭绝,而是历经历史变迁和社会发展,在数千年后仍然存在的文字。此处是not...but...结构,故填but。
Cloze 3
话题:建筑世家"样式雷" 词数:约225 难度:中 建议用时:10分钟
[2024浙江名校协作体联考]If you have not heard of Yangshi Lei, the 1. .
(honour) name of the Lei family responsible for imperial architecture during the Qing Dynasty, then you have
missed an important detail about the Temple of Heaven, the Summer Palace and Yuanmingyuan.
All the above great cultural relics and popular tourist attractions have been included on the UNESCO's World
Heritage List, 2. . surprisingly enough, they were all designed by the Lei family. 3. .(represent)
the great achievements of science and technology in ancient China, their architectural practice covered a wide
range of city planning, imperial palaces, gardens, temples, princes' residences and schools.
hono(u)red/hono(u)rable
and
Representing
Yangshi 4. .(refer) to an architect or architecture in Chinese. Yangshifang, the then government
authority similar to the National Architecture Design Institute today, was in charge of site 5. .(select),
design and construction of imperial architecture. 6. .(amaze), eight generations of the Lei family
were appointed director of Yangshifang consecutively from 1662 to 1911.
With so many architectural 7. .(work) on the UNESCO's World Heritage List, the Lei Family is
8. . unique phenomenon in the architectural history throughout the world. Apart from the grand architecture,
China has another treasure left by the Lei family — design drafts. In the National Library of China alone, there
9. .(be) up to 20,000 architectural design drafts, each of 10. . plays an important role in the research
of the history of the Qing Dynasty and how architecture developed at the time.
refers
selection
Amazingly
works
a
are
which
1.___________________________
hono(u)red/hono(u)rable
【解析】 形容词 根据空前的冠词the和空后的名词name可知,空处应用形容词,结合句意"如果你没有听说过样式雷,也就是清朝时候负责皇宫建筑的雷家的尊称,那么你就错过了一个关于天坛、颐和园和圆明园的重要细节"可知,空处应填hono(u)red/hono(u)rable"可敬的,值得钦佩的"。
2._____
and
【解析】 连词 分析句子结构可知,空处应填一个连词。结合句意"以上所有伟大的文化遗迹和热门的旅游景点都被列入了联合国教科文组织的世界遗产名录,并且令人十分惊讶的是,它们都是由雷家设计的"可知,前后分句之间是并列关系,表顺承,所以空处填and。
3.____________
Representing
【解析】 非谓语动词 分析句子结构可知,本句的谓语动词是covered,空处在句中作非谓语,与逻辑主语their architectural practice之间是主谓关系,所以空处填Representing,注意首字母大写。
4.______
refers
【解析】 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致 refer在句中作谓语。结合句意"‘样式’在汉语里指的是建筑师或建筑"可知,此处陈述客观事实,用一般现在时;且主语Yangshi表示第三人称单数,与refer之间是主动关系。所以空处填refers。
5._________
selection
【解析】 名词 分析句子结构可知,空处与空后的design和construction是并列关系,应用名词,所以空处填selection。句意:"样式房"是当时的政府权威机构,类似于今天的国家建筑设计院,它负责皇家建筑的场地选择、设计和建设。
6.___________
Amazingly
【解析】 副词 分析句子结构可知,此处是副词修饰整个句子,表示"令人惊诧地",所以空处填Amazingly,注意首字母大写。句意:令人惊诧的是,从1662年至1911年,雷家八代人连续被任命为"样式房"掌案(即总设计师)。
7._______
works
【解析】 名词复数 work在此处意为"作品",是可数名词。根据空前的many可知,此处应用复数,所以空处填works。
8.___
a
【解析】 冠词 根据空后的形容词和名词单数可知,空处应用冠词。结合句意"有如此多的建筑作品被列入联合国教科文组织的世界遗产名录,雷氏家族是世界建筑史上一个独特的非凡家族"可知,空处表泛指,且unique的发音以辅音音素开头,所以空处填a。
技巧点拨
不定冠词的选择
不定冠词的选择主要是看其后紧跟着的词的发音是以元音音素还是辅音音素开头的,而不是看是否是以元音字母开头的。英语中需要特别注意的有几个字母,u发本身读音时是一个辅音音素,如a university,h放在单词开头不发音的时候,其前冠词往往要用an,如an hour/an honest boy。
9.____
are
【解析】 动词的时态和主谓一致 此处为there be句式,空处作谓语,与其后的名词(architectural design drafts)的数保持一致,故用复数;结合句意"仅在中国国家图书馆,就有多达2万份建筑设计草案,每一份在清朝历史和当时建筑发展的研究中都起着重要的作用"可知,此处陈述了一个客观事实,故时态用一般现在时。所以空处填are。
10._______
which
【解析】 定语从句 分析句子结构可知,空处形成"each of+关系代词"引导非限制性定语从句。空前为of,先行词architectural design drafts表示物,所以空处填which。
Cloze 4
话题:2023诺贝尔文学奖 词数:约215 难度:中 建议用时:9分钟
[2024天星原创]Norwegian author and dramatist Jon Fosse has won the 2023 Nobel Prize in Literature 1. .
"his innovative plays and prose(散文) which give voice to the unsayable". He is the fourth Norwegian author
to win the prize, 2. .(follow) the novelist Sigrid Undset, who won the prize in 1928.
Born in 1959 in Haugesund, Fosse started to write during childhood, and his first novel Red, Black, written
in Nynorsk, one of the two official written standards of the Norwegian language, 3. .(publish) in
1983. Not content with only excelling at writing novels, Fosse expanded his artistic horizons to have poetry, plays,
and children's literature 4. .(include).
for
following
was published
included
His style is characterised by the use of form, the preference for 5. .(simple) in language, and
admiration for the power of silence. 6. . Anders Olsson, chairman of the Nobel Committee at the Swedish
Academy, said was to 7. . point: "Fosse presents everyday situations that are 8. .(instant)
recognizable in our own lives. His reduction of language and dramatic action expresses the most powerful human
emotions of anxiety and powerlessness in the simplest terms."
Fosse is regarded as one of the 9. .(great) writers that recent Norwegian literature has brought to
world literature, and his play Namnet, which had its first performance in 1995, 10. .(continue) to be a
frequently performed piece even in this day.
simplicity
What
the
instantly
greatest
continues
文章主要介绍了获得2023年诺贝尔文学奖的挪威作家约恩·福瑟。
1.____
for
【解析】 介词 挪威作家、剧作家约恩·福瑟荣获2023年诺贝尔文学奖,因为"他创新的戏剧和散文作品为无法言说的事物发声"。此处应用for表示"由于,因为"。
2.__________
following
【解析】 非谓语动词 分析句子结构并结合句意可知,空处在句子中作非谓语,且follow与其逻辑主语He之间为主谓关系,故用现在分词形式。
3.______________
was published
【解析】 时态和语态 分析句子结构可知,and连接两个并列分句,空处为第二个分句的谓语,且publish与其主语his first novel之间为被动关系,应用被动语态。再结合句意可知,此处讲述的是过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时。故填was published。
4._________
included
【解析】 非谓语动词 have sth. done表示"使某件事情被完成",此处表示"福瑟扩大了他的艺术视野,使诗歌、戏剧和儿童文学被包括在内"。故填included。
5.__________
simplicity
【解析】 名词 根据句意及空前的"for"和空后的"in language"可知,空处应用名词,表示"对质朴语言的偏爱"。故填simplicity。
6.______
What
【解析】 主语从句 根据句意可知,空处指代安德斯·奥尔森所说的话,引导主语从句,应用What。
名师点津
如果空处位于句首,所填单词的首字母应大写,否则即使单词的形式和拼写正确也不会得分。
7.____
the
【解析】 冠词 to the point为固定表达,表示"简明恰当的,简洁中肯的"。故填the。
8._________
instantly
【解析】 副词 分析句子结构可知,空处修饰形容词recognizable,故填副词instantly。
9.________
greatest
【解析】 形容词 根据句意及空前的"one of the"可知,空处应用形容词最高级,表示"最伟大的作家之一"。
10._________
continues
【解析】 时态 分析句子结构可知,and连接两个分句,空处在第二个分句中作谓语动词。再根据句意以及句尾的"in this day"可知,空处描述的是现在的情况,应用一般现在时。
二次精读
核心单词
innovative adj.采用新方法的,革新的,创新的 unsayable adj.不可说出的,不宜表述的 excel v.擅长,善于,突出 characterise v.使……具有特点;以……为典型 recognizable adj.容易认出的,易于识别的 powerlessness n.无能为力
核心短语
to the point 简明恰当的,简洁中肯的
创新1+1
Cloze 5
话题:《从动物园看风景》读后感 词数:约215 难度:易 建议用时:9分钟
新类型:读后感[2024四川绵阳诊断考]In this book, A View from the Zoo, Gary Richmond describes how a
newborn giraffe(长颈鹿) learns its 1. .(one)lesson.
When a baby falls to the ground, the mother waits for about a minute, and then kicks her baby. When the
baby doesn't get up, the violent process2. .(repeat)again and again until the baby giraffe stands
3. . its shaky legs. Then the mother kicks off its feet again. Why She wants it to remember how it gets
up. In the wild, baby giraffes, 4. . fall victims to enemies easily, must be able to get up as quickly as
possible to stay with the group for 5. .(survive).
first
is repeated
on/with
which
survival
The late Irving Stone 6. .(understand)this too. He spent a lifetime studying greatness as well as
7. .(write)biographies of such men as Michelangelo, Vincent van Gogh, Sigmund Freud, and Charles
Darwin. Once 8. .(ask)if he had found a thread that ran through the lives of all these 9. .
(excellence)people, he said, "If they have a dream of something to be accomplished, they then go to work."
"They are beaten over the head, and knocked down. For years, they get nowhere. But every time they're
knocked down, they stand up. And at the end of their lives, they've accomplished some modest part of
10. .they set out to do."
understood
writing
asked
excellent
what
本文是一本书《从动物园看风景》的读后感。在这本书中,作者Gary Richmond描述了一只刚出生的长颈鹿是如何学习站起来的,作者由此想到了欧文·斯通,他一生都在研究伟大,也写了很多关于伟大人物的传记,这些人有了梦想,就会去做,即使被打败,还是会站起来,从而实现了自己的伟大成就。
1._____
first
【解析】 序数词 在这本名为《从动物园看风景》的书中,Gary Richmond描述了一只刚出生的长颈鹿是如何学习它的第一课的。此处表示"第一课",应用序数词,故填first。
2.___________
is repeated
【解析】 时态、语态和主谓一致 当长颈鹿宝宝站不起来时,这个暴力的过程会被重复一次又一次,直到长颈鹿宝宝用/靠它颤抖的腿站起来。空处在主句中作谓语,根据语境,此处承接上文,根据上文中的falls和kicks可知,此处与上文时态保持一致,可用一般现在时;动词repeat与主句主语"the violent process"之间为被动关系,应用被动语态;主句主语为单数形式,空处也用单数形式。故填is repeated。
3.________
on/with
【解析】 介词 参见上题解析。此处表示"用/靠它颤抖的腿站起来",可用介词on"由……支撑着,靠……支撑",也可用介词with"用,以"。故填on/with。
4._______
which
【解析】 定语从句 在野外,长颈鹿宝宝很容易成为敌人的牺牲品,为了生存,它们必须能够尽快站起来,与群体待在一起。空处引导非限制性定语从句,并在从句中作主语,先行词为baby giraffes,故填which。
5.________
survival
【解析】 名词 空处作介词for的宾语,此处表示"为了生存",应用名词形式survival"生存,存活,幸存"。故填survival。
6.___________
understood
【解析】 时态 已故的欧文·斯通也明白这一点。空处作谓语,根据下文中的"spent"可知,此处叙述过去发生的事,应用一般过去时,故填understood。
7.________
writing
【解析】 动名词 spend time doing sth.为固定用法,"as well as"为并列连词,空处与"studying"并列,应用动名词形式,故填writing。
8.______
asked
【解析】 过去分词 句中已经有谓语动词said,空处应用非谓语动词作状语,主语he与动词ask之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,应用过去分词形式。故填asked。
9._________
excellent
【解析】 形容词 空处作定语,修饰名词people,应用形容词excellent,表示"优秀的,杰出的,极好的"。故填excellent。
10.______
what
【解析】 宾语从句 分析句子结构可知,空处引导宾语从句,作介词of的宾语,从句中的do缺少宾语,且此处表示"……的事情",应用连接代词what。故填what。
Cloze 6
话题:珐华器传承人甄世盛 词数:约250 难度:中 建议用时:10分钟
新角度:表让步的介词[2024江苏南京六校联合调研]Zhen Shisheng is a man with hearing loss and speech
difficulties. 1. . his physical difficulties, Zhen has lived a meaningful life, thanks to his interest in and
talent and enthusiasm for the traditional Shanxi art of fahua ware.
Fahua ware, which is mostly made in the south and east of Shanxi, is the porcelain version of cloisonné
(景泰蓝), 2. . the design elements are separated by copper wires. Porcelain featuring these techniques
3. .(fire) at lower temperatures with the different colored glazes and enamels applied to individual areas
created by the slip lines.
Despite
where
is fired
When 4. .(recall) his experience to learn the techniques to make this Shanxi handicraft with a
history of hundreds of years, Zhen said in sign language, "When you lose some abilities, you would cherish all
the others 5. .(leave) to you. Only when you apply all your senses and abilities to your subject of work
can you 6. .(possible) succeed."
Zhen learned the craft from his father, who is 7. . master fahua ware craftsman in a porcelain factory.
Zhen's creativity and innovation are demonstrated in the 8. .(free) of using lines and glaze colors, as
well as the selection of patterns and images for decoration.
The hardest part of learning to make fahua ware is that the fahua techniques 9. .(lose) for
about 300 years, and today's revival of the art has been made through artists' painstaking research into ancient
documents and 10. .(exist) museum exhibits, as well as their own imagination. And he believes
this cultural heritage can be passed down to future generations.
recalling
left
possibly
a
freedom
have been lost
existing/existent
本文主要讲述了有听力和语言障碍的珐华器传承人甄世盛是如何走上这条艺术之路的和他对这一文化遗产的见解。
1.________
Despite
【解析】 介词 结合句意"尽管身体有缺陷,但甄在山西传统的珐华器艺术方面的兴趣、才华和热情,让他过着有意义的生活"可知,空处应表示"尽管"之意,由于空后紧跟名词,所以空处填Despite,注意首字母大写。
2._______
where
【解析】 定语从句 分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为Fahua ware,关系词在从句中作地点状语,所以空处填where。句意:珐华器主要在山西南部和东部制造,是景泰蓝的瓷器版本,珐华器上的设计元素由铜线分隔。
3.________
is fired
【解析】 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致 分析句子结构可知,空处在句中作谓语。本句讲述珐华器的烧制方式,陈述客观事实,时态用一般现在时;fire在此处为动词,意为"烧制(陶器、砖等)",与主语Porcelain之间是被动关系,且主语表示第三人称单数,所以空处填is fired。句意:以这些工艺为特色的瓷器在较低的温度下被烧制,不同颜色的釉料和搪瓷被应用于由滑移线制造的个别区域。
4._________
recalling
【解析】 非谓语动词 分析句子结构可知,空处作非谓语,与逻辑主语he之间是主谓关系,所以空处填recalling。
5.____
left
【解析】 非谓语动词 分析句子结构可知,空处在句中作非谓语,意为"留下,剩下",与逻辑主语the others之间是动宾关系,所以空处填left。
6.________
possibly
【解析】 副词 分析句子结构可知,空处修饰动词succeed,应用副词possibly。
7.___
a
【解析】 冠词 master在此为形容词,意为"技艺高超的",修饰可数名词craftsman,因此空处考虑用冠词。结合句意"甄从父亲那里学会了这门手艺,他的父亲是一家瓷器厂的一流珐华器工艺师"可知,此处表泛指,且空后的master的发音以辅音音素开头,所以空处填a。
8.________
freedom
【解析】 名词 空前有定冠词the修饰,空后是介词of,故空处应用名词,填freedom。句意:甄的创意和创新表现在使用线条和釉料颜色的自由上,以及装饰的图案和图像的选择上。
9.______________
have been lost
【解析】 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致 分析句子结构可知,空处作that引导的表语从句的谓语。根据时间状语"for about 300 years"可知,时态用现在完成时。主语the fahua techniques与lose之间是被动关系,且主语是复数形式,所以空处填have been lost。
10._______________
existing/existent
【解析】 形容词 分析句子结构可知,空处修饰空后的名词museum exhibits,应用形容词,所以空处填existing/existent。existing"现行的,现存的";existent adj."现行的,实有的"。句意:学习制作珐华器最困难的部分是珐华器技术已经失传大约300年了,今天的艺术复兴是通过艺术家们对古代文献和现存的博物馆展览品的艰苦研究,以及他们自己的想象来实现的。
主题3 社会热点
03
经典3+2
Cloze 1
话题:文化归还 词数:约190 难度:中 建议用时:9分钟
[2024浙江衢州、丽水、湖州质检]Tens of thousands of Chinese 1. .(society) media users have backed
calls from the country's state media to have its artworks 2. .(current) kept in the British Museum
returned.
The topic "The British Museum please return Chinese antiquities(古董)" was in response 3. . a piece
published by Chinese state media Global Times that called for all cultural relics in the British Museum
4. .(return) "free of charge".
The British Museum has been under pressure after around 2,000 items were reported "missing, 5. .
(steal) or damaged" two weeks ago, 6. .(lead) to accusations that it was failing to fulfill its duty of
care.
social
currently
to
to be returned
stolen
leading
The calls follow a piece published by the Global Times 7. . argued, "The world-renowned British
museum 8. .(fail) to take good care of ‘cultural property belonging to other countries’ up to these
years."
The British Museum looks after 23,000 Chinese objects, from the Neolithic(新石器时代的) age to the
present day. It is one of the largest 9. .(collection) of Chinese antiquities in the West. The collection
includes 10. . large range of precious items such as paintings, prints, jade and bronzes.
that/which
has failed
collections
a
数百万中国社交媒体用户支持中国官方媒体的呼吁,要求归还目前保存在大英博物馆的中国文物。
1.______
social
【解析】 形容词 空处修饰空后的名词media,应用形容词,所以空处填social。social media users"社交媒体用户",是固定表达。
2._________
currently
【解析】 副词 空处修饰空后的动词kept,应用副词,所以空处填currently。句意:成千上万的中国社交媒体用户支持中国官方媒体要求归还目前保存在大英博物馆的艺术作品的呼吁。
3.___
to
【解析】 介词 此处考查固定短语in response to,意为"作为对……的回应",所以空处填to。
4.______________
to be returned
【解析】 非谓语动词 分析句子结构可知, 空处在句中作非谓语。call for"呼吁,要求",后常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语,且cultural relics与return之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,所以空处填to be returned。
5._______
stolen
【解析】 形容词 分析句子结构可知,空处与形容词missing和damaged并列,故填形容词stolen"被盗的,遭窃的"。此处的stolen可以看成是过去分词化的形容词。
6.________
leading
【解析】 非谓语动词 分析句子结构可知,本句的谓语动词是has been,空处在句中作非谓语,表示自然而然的结果,所以空处填leading。
7.__________
that/which
【解析】 定语从句 分析句子结构可知,空处引导限制性定语从句,先行词是表示物的名词a piece"一篇文章",关系词在从句中作主语,所以空处填that/which。
8.__________
has failed
【解析】 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致 分析句子结构可知,空处在句中作谓语。根据时间状语up to these years可知,时态用现在完成时;主语British museum与fail之间是主动关系;主语是第三人称单数,所以空处填has failed。句意:这些呼吁是在《环球时报》发表了一篇文章之后发出的,该文章称,"近年来,世界知名的大英博物馆未能妥善照顾‘属于其他国家的文化财产’。"
9.__________
collections
【解析】 名词复数 此处考查固定表达"one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数",意为"最……的……之一",所以空处填collections。
10.___
a
【解析】 冠词 此处考查固定表达"a large range of...",意为"大范围的……",所以空处填a。句意:收藏品包括大范围的珍贵物品,如绘画、版画、玉和青铜艺术品。
Cloze 2
话题:城市慢步式旅游 词数:约200 难度:中 建议用时:10分钟
[2024天星原创]Nowadays, with the increasing variety of travel options, conventional group tours, 1. .
going to scenic spots and taking photos is a big thing, can no longer satisfy a person 2. .(look) for a
more personalized and differentiated travel experience and eager to find more information about every part of a
city in a more immersive(沉浸式的) way.
City-walk, which is all about doing whatever you want in your own 3. .(explore) of a city,
can meet all these needs, and 4. .(consider) the best way to rediscover a city.
Compared with 5. .(tight) scheduled travel plans and picture-taking tours, city-walk focuses on the
free, casual and spontaneous(心血来潮的) experience. It allows people to see 6. . whole different side of a
city, permitting them to experience urban life with no transportation other than 7. .(one) legs and feet.
where
looking
exploration
is considered
tightly
a
one's
8. . a kind of slow-paced and low-carbon lifestyle, city-walk provides people with fresh new insights into
the culture and landscape of a city as well as its beautiful natural scenery, and 9. .(catch) the
public's eye on various social media platforms during the past months. The search for city-walk is reported
10. .(be) on the increase and more people tend to share their city-walking experiences online.
As
has caught
to be
文章介绍了一种新的旅游方式——城市漫步式旅游。
1._______
where
【解析】 定语从句 如今,随着旅游选择越来越多,以逛景点和拍照为主的传统团体旅游不再能让人满足了,人们想寻找一种更个性化和差异化的旅行体验,并渴望用更沉浸的方式找到更多关于城市每一部分的信息。分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是表示抽象地点的conventional group tours,关系词在从句中作地点状语,故填where。
知识拓展
where引导定语从句的用法
①where在定语从句中充当地点状语,相当于"介词(in, on等)+which"。②先行词可以是表示具体地点的名词,如house, place, factory等,也可以是表示抽象地点的名词,如situation, position, case, point等。③并非先行词是地点名词时定语从句都用where引导。如果关系词在从句中作的不是状语,而是宾语、表语等,那么就要用that,which等引导。
2.________
looking
【解析】 非谓语动词 本句已有谓语动词,因此空处是非谓语动词作后置定语。look for与a person之间是主谓关系,故用现在分词looking。
3.___________
exploration
【解析】 名词 根据空前的"in your own"和空后的"of"可知,此处用所给词的名词形式。exploration"探索"。
4._____________
is considered
【解析】 时态、语态和主谓一致 本文的主体时态是现在时,此处描述客观情况,应用一般现在时。主语是City-walk,与consider之间是被动关系,应用被动语态。根据句中的"City-walk, which is"可知,谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填is considered。
5._______
tightly
【解析】 副词 空处作状语修饰非谓语动词scheduled,应用副词tightly。
6.___
a
【解析】 冠词 此处表示"城市完全不同的一面",应用不定冠词表示泛指,故填a。
7.______
one's
【解析】 所有格 它让人们看到一个城市完全不同的一面,不借助任何交通工具,只用自己的腿和脚来体验城市生活。所给的提示词one指代人,根据语境可知,此处表示"一个人的腿和脚",故用所有格one's。
8.____
As
【解析】 介词 此处表示"作为一种节奏缓慢、低碳的生活方式",故用介词As。注意:空处位于句首,单词首字母要大写。
9.___________
has caught
【解析】 时态 根据时间状语"during the past months"可知,此处用现在完成时。
10.______
to be
【解析】 非谓语动词 此处考查固定句式"sb./sth. is/was reported to do/be",故填to be。
创新1+1
Cloze 3
话题:淄博烧烤 词数:约185 难度:中 建议用时:8分钟
新角度:非谓语动词+熟词生义[2024广东惠州一调]The local government of Zibo issued two open letters to
all citizens. The government extended its gratitude for the citizens' 1. .(warm) and hospitality toward
visitors coming to enjoy the city's signature barbecue, 2. . has recently become a hit across the country.
Since early March, Zibo's local barbecue 3. .(cause) a sensation online. But how did Zibo rise
to fame From July 2022 to February 2023, Zibo organized many trips to the city for university students. Despite
reaching peak visitation numbers, there was no sense of panic. Instead, several supportive 4. .(policy)
were promptly introduced, such as establishing a "Golden Stove Award", forming a barbecue association, creating
a map of Zibo's barbecue restaurants, 5. . launching 21 dedicated tourist routes that go beyond just the
barbecue.
warmth
which
has caused
policies
and
Zibo's sudden boom in popularity also resulted 6. . the tourism revival China has experienced. The city
aims to restore 7. .(it) tourist industry