中考英语语法精讲精练系列-虚拟语气 课件（共21张ppt）

(共21张PPT)
中考英语语法
精讲精练系列
虚拟语气
虚拟语气的概念
虚拟语气
虚拟语气 是英语语法中的一种特殊形式，用于表达假设、愿望、建议等非真实情况。它通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示，使得说话者可以表达一种与事实不符的假设或愿望，从而丰富语言表达的方式 。
虚拟语气用来表示说话者的主观愿望或假想，而不是客观存在的事实。它所陈述的是一个条件，这个条件不一定是事实，甚至可能与事实相反 。虚拟语气常用于条件句、愿望句、建议句等语境中 。
Lead-in
Q:What’s the difference between the two sentences
If I am free, I will visit you.
If I were a bird, I would fly into the sky.
（虚拟条件句）
(真实条件句）
虚拟语气可以分为以下三种类型：
与现在事实相反的情况 ：从句使用过去时，主句使用“should/would/could/might + 动词原形”。
例如：If I were you, I would take an umbrella（如果我是你，我会带把伞） 。
与过去事实相反的情况 ：从句使用过去完成时（had + 过去分词），主句使用“should/would/could/might + have + 过去分词”。
例如：If I had got there earlier, I should/could have met her（如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她）。
对将来情况的主观推测 ：从句使用“were to do、did/were、should + do”，主句使用“should/would/could/might + do”。
例如：If he were to come here tomorrow, I would talk to him（如果他明天来这儿的话，我就跟他谈谈） 。
If I won the lottery, I would buy an expensive car. (与现在事实相反）
If I won the lottery,
I would buy a villa别墅.（与现在事实相反）
If he had got up early,he would not have been late for school.（与过去事实相反）
如果他早起，他就不会上学迟到。
If he __________ （drive) more carefully, he _________________ (not have) the car accident yesterday.（与过去事实相反）
had driven
would not have had
望夫石
唐代：王建
望夫处，江悠悠。
化为石，不回头。
山头日日风复雨。
行人归来石应语。
Amah Rock
　　By Wangjian
Where she awaits her husband
On and on the river flows.
Never looking back,
Transformed into stone.
Day by day upon the mountain top,
wind and rain revolve.
Should the traveller return,
this stone would utter speech
If You Were A Teardrop In My Eye
By George Gordon Byron
If you were a teardrop
In my eye,
For fear of losing you,
I would never cry.
And if the golden sun,
Should cease to shine its light,
Just one smile from you,
Would make my whole world bright.
如果你是我眼里的一滴泪
为了不失去你
我将永不哭泣
如果金色的阳光
停止了它耀眼的光芒
你的一个微笑
将照亮我的整个世界
课堂小结
类别 用法 例句
If引导的 条件从句 与现在事实 相反 从句动词:过去式(be用 were) 主句动词:should/would/could/might动词原 形 If he were here, he would help us.
与过去事实 从句动词:had+过去分词 If I had been free, I
相反 主句动词:should/would/could/might-havet 过去分词 would have visited you.
与将来事实 相反 从句动词:过去式/should+动词原形1 were+不定式 主句动词:should/would/could/might动词原 形 If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go camping.
其它状语从句 as if引导的状语从句中动词用过去式或过去完成式 They are talking as f they had been friends for years.
in order that / so that引导的状语从句中动词用can / could / may / might/ would等+动词原形 Turmn on the light so that we can see it clearly.
宾语从句 demand, suggest, order, insist 后接的从句中动词为should+ 动词原形 He suggested that we not change our mind.
wish后的从句中分别用过去式,过去完成式和 should/would+动词原形表示与现在,过去和将来情况相反 1 wish I could be a pop singer.
主语从句 在It is necessary / important / strange that... It is suggested / demanded / ordered / requested that.. 等从句中,谓语动词 用should+动词原形 It is strange that such a person should be our friends.
其它句型 中 Itis time that...句型中动词用过去式或should+动词原形 It's high time that we left.
would rather所接的从句中动词用过去式或者过去完成式 I would rather you stayed at home now.
If only句型中动词常用过去式或者过去完成式,表示强烈 的愿望 If only our dream had come true!
小试牛刀
If I ______ a bird, I ______ fly.
A. am; can
B. were; could
C. was; would
D. be; shall
答案：B
解析：此题考查与现在事实相反的条件句。条件从句中的动词应使用过去式（be 动词用were），主句中的动词形式为should/would/could/might+动词原形。因此，正确答案是“were; could”。
I suggest that we ______ for a picnic tomorrow.
A. go
B. goes
C. went
D. are going
答案：A
解析： 此题考查宾语从句中虚拟语气的使用。在表示建议、命令、请求等动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词通常使用“should + 动词原形”，其中should可以省略。因此，正确答案是“go”。
I wish I ______ a doctor.
A. am
B. was
C. were
D. be
答案：C
解析： 此题考查wish后的宾语从句中使用虚拟语气。当表达与现在事实相反的愿望时，从句中的动词使用过去式（be动词用were）。因此，正确答案是“were”。
In order to see clearly, please turn on the light so that we ______ see everything clearly.
A. can
B. could
C. would
D. should
答案：A
解析：此题考查目的状语从句中虚拟语气的使用。在由in order that或so that引导的目的状语从句中，谓语动词通常使用can/could/may/might/would等加上动词原形。根据语境，此处使用一般现在时即可，因此，正确答案是“can”。
It is strange that he ______ our leader.
A. becomes
B. became
C. would become
D. should become
答案：D
解析： 此题考查主语从句中使用虚拟语气的情况。在某些特定句型如It is necessary/important/strange that…等结构中，从句的谓语动词通常使用should加上动词原形，其中should可以省略。因此，正确答案是“should become”。
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