题型二阅读理解 课件(共452张PPT) 2025年中考英语译林版中考题型专项（江苏）

(共452张PPT)
目录
考点1　细节理解题
考点2　推理判断题
考点3　词义猜测题
考点4　主旨大意题
考点5　篇章结构题
考点6　逻辑关系题
A组　主题语境练
B组　语境提升练
题型二　阅读理解
解题方法
主题精练
解题方法
1
考点1　细节理解题
“能根据不同的阅读目的运用简单的阅读策略获取信息”是《义务教
育英语课程标准（2022年版）》中所规定初中生应达到的阅读能力之一。
阅读理解试题中对这种“获取信息”能力的考查，主要采用的方式就是细
节理解题。近三年的江苏中考试卷中，不同体裁（应用文、记叙文、说明
文）的阅读理解都会设有1－2题细节理解题。由于应用文的体裁特点决定
了阅读文本就是为了获取读者所需有效信息，解决实际问题，故而应用文
所设计的细节理解题会更多一些，通常为2－3题。
一、应用文
1. 先题后文，根据题干关键词快速定位原文信息，切忌逐句细读。
2. 题文同序，按照设题顺序依次向下，对号入座。
3. 把握主要信息，只要是无关答题的生词和句式，一概略过。
二、记叙文
1. 重点关注尾段，准确把握文章主旨，尤其注意形容词和副词，搞清楚作
者或文中人物的情感态度。
2. 弄清楚记叙文的六要素（时间、地点、人物、事件的起因、经过、结
果）。
三、说明文
1. 细读首尾两端，抓住文章主旨。
2. 重点关注各段首尾句中体现观点态度的词句、表示转折的词句以及重点
标点处。
3. 平时注意词汇积累，提高长难句的分析能力。
直接细节
　　直接细节理解题大多可以直接从文中找到答案，而有些需要在理解材
料中相关句子的基础上对有关信息进行处理才能得出答案。常见的命题方
式主要有：
①Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage？
②Which of the following statements is NOT true？
③Which of the following is NOT considered as…？
④What/Who/When/Where/How/Why/How many/How long…？
⑤What…have in common？
⑥Which of the following best describes…？
常见解题方法如下：
例1　[2023苏州，11]
What was your favorite subject in school？
History. I really loved studying different time periods， countries and
cultures. I still love to read history books； travel when possible； watch the
History Channel.
－Kristin Singer
History/social studies. A great teacher got me thinking about the role that each
of us plays in society and how we can change the course of history.
－Richard Goldman
Top Answers
Science 25％
Math 18％
History/social studies 17％
English 14％
Other （includes music， art， etc.） 26％
A. 17％. B. 18％.
C. 25％. D. 26％.
第一步：抓住题干中的关键词Science，第二步：根据关键词定位到
“Science 25％”，第三步：对比选项。故选C。
What percent of people in this survey like Science？
C　
1. [2023徐州，32]Thanks for telling me about your hobbies. You sound just
like me！ I love reading. I spend a lot of time on novels but science books are
my favourite. I enjoy sports as well， especially ball games. Sometimes I get
low marks at school， and I feel sad. I know I should work harder.
What type of book does Nick like best？
A. Novel. B. Science.
C. Sports. D. Travel.
B　
2. [2023南通，31]The schwa is a vowel which sounds like “uh”. English
speakers pronounce many other vowel sounds as the schwa. Learning when to
exchange them can make your English sound more natural.
What should you do to make your English sound more natural？
A. Speak slowly and clearly.
B. Use “He” and “She” correctly.
C. Learn the schwa skillfully.
D. Fall and rise your tone fluently.
C　
间接细节
　　间接细节理解题的题目信息与原文表述通常不一致，答案跨句子或段
落，解题时需要通过有关词语和句子的转换，依靠主要事实、图表、图形
来获取信息，然后利用因果、类比、时间、空间等关系对获取的信息进行
比较，归纳和概括，通过加工或整理后得出结论。常见的命题方式有：
①Which of the following is （NOT） true？
②Which of the following is true according to the article？
③According to the passage， which of the following is NOT mentioned as one
of the reasons for…？
④If you…， you can…
常见解题方法如下：
例2　[2023常州，27]That’s a lot of water. And sending water into space is too
expensive. It costs $33，000 to send one cup of water to Mars. The more you
take， the more it costs. We have the technology to get to Mars， but the
problem is that it’s too expensive.
But Flynn， an engineer at NASA， thinks he has a way of solving the
problem. Instead of building a heavy spaceship and packing it full of stuff （物
料）， why not use the stuff as part of the spaceship？
What is the advantage of Flynn’s system？
A　
A. Cost is saved. B. Travelling time is saved.
C. Plastic bags are saved. D. Food is saved.
第一步：抓住题干关键信息advantage of Flynn’s system；第二步：根据
关键信息定位到“but the problem is that it’s too expensive”以及“But
Flynn， an engineer at NASA， thinks he has a way of solving the
problem.”；第三步：通过分析加工可知，去火星的成本太高，但弗林系统
的好处是没有那么贵，即节省了费用。故选A。
3. [2023南通，42]Jordan rose to shoot. As the Lions rushed toward him， he
passed the ball to Devin－wide open near the basket.
Devin turned and shot. The ball fell cleanly through the net for the winning
points.
“Yes！” Jordan shouted. After celebrating with his team， he ran to hug
his parents. “You still have the record，” he told his dad.
Dad smiled. “You have something more important. A championship. And
great teammates. Congratulations on your history！”

Which of the following is true according to the article？_____
A. Dad’s team got the championship 30 years before.
B. A celebration was held to mark the league’s fiftieth title game.
C. Jordan passed the ball to his teammate Devin to win the game.
D. Jordan celebrated with the team for his dad’s congratulations.
C　
4. [2023苏州，19]Sleep loss hurts attention， memory and brain development.
Students with less sleep have difficulty paying attention in class and are likely to
have lower grades. Students with enough sleep can be more energetic during the
day and more willing to learn. They are also less likely to fall asleep in class and
more able to understand what they learn.
How can sleep loss influence students’ study？
B　
A. It gives them much energy. B. It does harm to the brain.
C. It saves more time for study. D. It improves their memory.
读图或计算
　　读图题或计算题要求考生能够把握文章的内在关系，理解文章的真正
含义、根据文章的描述能够准确推断出正确答案。常见的命题方式有：
①Which photo shows…？
②Which photo is right to describe…？
③According to the passage，which of the following is TRUE about…？
常见解题方法如下：
例3　[2023徐州，31]I hope you will know me from my photo when I arrive at
the airport. I’m short with small bright eyes. I’ll wear jeans and a T－shirt for
the journey. I’ve got your photo－you look handsome. I’m sure we’ll find each
other！
Which photo shows Nick？
C　
A B C D
第一步：抓住题干关键信息Nick；第二步：根据关键信息定位到“I’m
short with small bright eyes. I’ll wear jeans and a T－shirt for the journey.”第
三步：根据描述并与图片对比选C。
5. [2023扬州，33]
Northeast
China Tiger & Leopard National Park Locations： Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces
Landscapes： Mountains，hills，and valleys
Representative species： Siberian tiger，Amur leopard（豹）
Progress： Increasing population of protected animal species
from the year of 2015 to 2022－Siberian tigers：27→50；
Amur leopards：42→60
According to the passage，which of the following is TRUE about the
progress of the parks？
A　
6. [2023扬州，41]That night，July 11，2022，Nick Bostic was driving down
the streets of Lafayette， Indiana， when he found a two－story house was on
fire.
Flames（火焰）were climbing up the front porch. Without pausing for a
moment to think about the danger， Bostic stopped his car and ran from the back
door into the burning building， which belongs to the Barrett family.
…
“Kaylani is in there！ We can’t find her！” Sarah， the eldest of the
girls， screamed refering to her six－year－old sister. Without hesitating，
Bostic ran back inside at once.
The picture in the passage is helpful because it shows .
D　
A. when Kaylani was found
B. how brave Kaylani and Bostic were
C. what the two－story house on fire was like
D. how the hero saved Kaylani at the very moment
信息排序
　　信息排序题是有规律可循的，文章是按照一定的逻辑关系叙述的，或
者是依照事件发展的先后顺序，或者是按照因果顺序、递进关系、转折关
系、解释关系、例证关系、定义关系等，这些都可以通过一些关键词看出
来。常见的命题方式有：
①Which is the right order of the following events？
②Which of the following is the correct order of the story？
③Which is the correct order of the things below？
常见的解题技巧如下：
例4　[2023连云港，31]“Please read this，” Phyllis said， and put a letter
into his hand.
The train left the station. The old gentleman sat down and read the letter. It
was from Peter. The letter said：
Dear Mr. We do not know your name.
Mother is ill， and the doctor says we must give her some special things.
But Mother can’t afford them. We do not know anyone here because Father is
away， and we do not know where he lives. Father will pay you， or if he has
lost all his money， I will pay you when I am a man. I promise you. Please get
all the things on this list， and give them to the station master tomorrow.
The letter was signed by Peter， Roberta， and Phyllis.
The old gentleman read the letter and smiled. Then he put it in his pocket
and started to read his newspaper again.
That night there was a knock on the door of the cottage. The porter from the
railway station was there.
“An old gentleman gave this parcel（包裹）to the station master，” he
said. “It’s for you.”
The parcel was full of everything on the list of special things to make Mother
well again. There was a letter from the old gentleman. It said：
Dear Peter， Roberta， and Phyllis，
Here are the things on your list. I am very happy to give them to you， and I
hope your mother is soon better. When she asks where the things come from，
tell her they are from a friend. When she is well， you can tell her the truth. She
may say that you were wrong to ask a stranger for these things. I think you were
right.
Which is the right order of the following events？
a.The old gentleman read the letter from Peter.
b.Phyllis put a letter into the old gentleman’s hand.
c.The old gentleman gave a parcel to the station master.
d.The porter gave the parcel to Peter， Roberta， and Phyllis.
e.Peter， Roberta， and Phyllis read the letter from the old gentleman.
A. a－b－d－e－c B. a－e－d－b－c
C. b－a－c－d－e D. b－c－d－a－e
C　
本题为信息排序题。第一步：确定故事的逻辑顺序；第二步：根据短
文故事的发展可知，菲利斯把求助信给了一位老先生，老先生看到信的内
容，接着他把装着所需物品的包裹交给了站长，看门人把包裹递给彼得、
罗伯塔和菲利斯，最后彼得、罗伯塔和菲利斯看到了老先生的来信；第三
步：根据逻辑顺序对应可知选C。
7. [2022扬州，38]“Dad！ Sandy just drilled out a hole in the fence so Sandy
and I can talk！” Daniel spins around.
…
Daniel and Sandy not only keep chatting through the hole， they also
exchange gifts. A coloring book， then a Hot Wheels car. It’s unclear what
Daniel gives Sandy in return.
One afternoon， I hear Sandy’s voice floating over the top of the fence with
the hole.“I thought maybe Daniel could come for a play date.”
We ring the bell on Sandy’s porch. She’s a middle－aged woman with
smiling eyes. Sandy’s yard is sweet with the smell of flowers. We have a
pleasant afternoon with Sandy， my son’s adult friend， the first friend Daniel
has made on his own.
A month later， Sandy leaves to care for her moter in Kansas…
One day， Daniel receives Sandy’s postcard. They write frequently，
warmly.
Which of the following is the correct order of the story？
a.Sandy leaves for Kansas to care for her mother.
b.Daniel and Sandy exchange gifts through the hole.
c.Daniel and Sandy are good pen friends.
d.Sandy drills out a hole in the fence.
e.Sandy invites Daniel to come to her yard for a play date.
A. dbeac B. badec
C. dceab D. ecadb
A　
考点2　推理判断题
“能根据不同的阅读目的运用简单的阅读策略获取信息；能根据语篇
推断人物的心理、行为动机等，推断信息之间简单的逻辑关系；能从不同
角度解读语篇，推断语篇的深层含义，作出正确的价值判断。”是《义务
教育英语课程标准（2022年版）》中所规定初中生应达到的阅读能力之
一。阅读理解试题中对这种“推断人物的心理、行为动机等，推断信息之
间简单的逻辑关系；推断语篇的深层含义等”能力的考查，主要采用的方
式就是推理判断题。
　　推理判断题主要考查考生对文章中人物的心理、行为动机等进行合理
推理判断的能力，需要考生对文本信息进行理解、判断和分析。推理判断
题内容涉及询问事实、原因、结果、目的等。
细节推断
　　细节推断包括具体细节，如时间、地点、人物关系、人物身份、事件
等。这就要求考生能够把握文章的内在关系，理解文章的真正含义、准确
推断出正确答案。常见的命题方式有：
①It can be inferred/concluded/seen/learned from the passage that…
②Which of the following conclusions can we draw according to the passage？
③The writer suggests that…
④Which of the following statements does the passage support？
⑤What can we infer according to the tips in the passage？
常见的解题方法如下：
例1 [2023连云港，35]Several young students who also work with Sano’s surf
teacher talked about Sano.
“I think age doesn’t matter in surfing，” a 12－year－old surfer said.
“He is so amazing，” added his younger brother.
“To be honest， I was surprised by his age，” said Sano’s surfing
teacher. “I was worried that he would get hurt. I did not know how fit he
was.”
Sano still works 9－to－5 at his job. Surfing helps make him less
stressed.“People often say that surfing is life itself，” he said. “I think it is
true.”
From the words of the young students and Sano’s surf teacher， we can
infer .
A. they respect Sano very much
B. Sano’s age influences his surfing
C. they’re worried about Sano’s work
D. Sano is often hurt when practising
A　
第一步：抓住题干关键信息the words of the young students and Sano’s
surf teacher；第二步：根据关键信息定位内容“I think age doesn’t matter in
surfing” “He is so amazing” 和“To be honest， I was surprised by his
age”。由关键信息可推知，这些人的言语中充满了尊敬。故选A。
1. [2024苏州期中，25]“With the development of technology， our textbooks
have been changing all the time，” said Shang Yin， an IT teacher from Beijing
101 Middle School. “From typing to using Word and Excel， and then today’s
coding and AI， the courses are keeping up with the times and teaching students
necessary skills.” In the future， there will be more jobs where AI knowledge is
required. Even in daily life， people may need to understand things like
ChatGPT and the internet of things. AI education will become increasingly
important， Shang added.
Why is AI education becoming increasingly important according to the
passage？
A. Because AI is included in all high school graduation exams.
B. Because understanding AI is becoming a necessary skill.
C. Because AI is going to take over school education.
D. Because AI is students’ most powerful competitor.
B　
2. [2023宿迁，37]
Tips for
eating
wild
vegetable
s ※Do not eat wild vegetables you don’t know.
※ Do not eat polluted wild vegetables.
※Do not eat wild vegetables which have been kept for a long time.
Eat them fresh after picking them.
※ Do not take wild vegetables as a main course.
A. Do not eat the wild vegetables in spring.
B. Take the wild vegetables as a main course.
C. Store the wild vegetables as long as possible.
D. The unknown wild vegetables might be harmful.
What can we infer（推断） according to the tips in the passage？
D　
观点态度推断
　　推断观点态度题要求学生在正确理解文意的基础上，对观点或态度进
行分析、识别。常见的命题方式有：
①The writer of the passage seems to think that 　　　　.
②What’s the writer’s attitude towards…？
③What is the author’s opinion on…？
④What does the author think about…？
常见的解题方法如下：
例2　 [2023泰州，35]Here is another example， in Liu’s essay An Eulogium
on a Humble Cell（《陋室铭》）， with less than 100 words， he shows a
lively picture of his humble cell. However， it also shows how he was pleased
with the poor and simple life. People may find it strange that one can feel happy
living in such a humble cell. Learning from his famous sentence，“be fragrant
because of my virtues”， I think to be a respectable man is more important than
to live in big houses， to wear beautiful clothes， to enjoy delicious food， and
even to gain knowledge.
Influenced by Liu Yuxi， which of the following does the writer think is the
most important？
A. To be a respectable man.
B. To live in a big house.
C. To wear beautiful clothes.
D. To gain more knowledge.
A　
本题为推断观点态度题。第一步：抓住题干关键信息Influenced by Liu
Yuxi和the writer think is the most important；第二步：根据题干关键信息定位
到 “Learning from his famous sentence，'be fragrant because of my virtues'
（ 斯是陋室，惟吾德馨）， I think to be a respectable man is more important
than to live in big houses， to wear beautiful clothes， to enjoy delicious food，
and even to gain knowledge.”；第三步，根据关键信息可推断，作者认为成
为一个受人尊敬的人比住在大房子里、穿美丽的衣服、享受美食甚至比获
取知识更重要。故选A。
3. [2023泰州，38]The importance of failures in making food is as much as
successes. Li Mei， 11， was crazy about the yummy cakes made by her father
and wanted to make one on her own. But when taking her cake out， she was
frustrated（沮丧的） to find that the cake was hard and black at the bottom. Her
father told her when he was 13， he tried to make cakes， but wasted boxes of
eggs. Then together with Father， Li Mei found out what had gone wrong and
succeeded in making one. Li Mei learned in the failure of cooking， and could
be braver to face failures.
What does the writer think of failure in cooking？
A. Cooking can help people avoid failure.
B. There is no failure without success.
C. Failure is as important as success.
D. Cooking is sure to be failure at last.
C　
文章来源或读者对象推断
　　推断文章来源或读者对象要求考生具备一定的常识，这样才能把
文章的内容与自己已经具备的常识结合起来做出准确推断。常见的命
题方式有：
①Where would this passage most probably appear？
②In which part of the website can you probably find this passage？
③Which part of a magazine may this passage be taken from？
④Where does the text probably come from？
⑤Who（m） is the passage probably written for？
常见解题技巧如下：
例3　[2023连云港，39]
Many of us have seen rainbows in the sky once the sun starts shining again
after it rains. For us to see a rainbow， the conditions need to be just right. We
need some water drops in the air， like rain or even fog， and we need the sun to
be behind us and quite low to the ground. This is because a rainbow is created by
light passing through water drops.
The light that comes from the sun seems white to us. But the white light we
see is made up of a mix of different colors. When the light goes through a
raindrop， these colors can separate out.
Which part of a magazine may this passage be taken from？
A. Science. B. Health.
C. Culture. D. Fashion.
A　
本题为推理判断文章出处题。第一步：确定文章语篇类型，科普类短
文；第二步：概括文章主要内容，短文介绍的是彩虹及其颜色是如何形
成；第三步：根据语篇类型和内容可推知，应该在杂志科学版块可看到，
故选A。
4. [2023苏州，21]Teenagers need eight to ten hours of sleep per night.
However， in adolescence （青春期） changes to the body’s sleep cycle make it
difficult for teens to fall asleep early. Many cannot fall asleep until 10：30 p.m.
or even later and most of them will feel sleepy if they have to get up too early.
Scientists recommend that both middle and high schools begin no earlier
than 8：30 a.m. Later school start times support the natural needs of teenagers
and increase their sleeping time.
Here are some other benefits of later school start times：

In which part of the website can you probably find this passage？
A　
A. Education. B. Fashion.
C. Sports. D. Technology.
行文方式推断
　　推断行文方式就是要揣测作者运用某种写作手法或如何开启文章的写
作的。常见的命题方式有：
①How does the writer begin the passage？
②In what way did the author write the article？
常见的解题技巧如下：
例4　[2023扬州，34]What would happen if you tried to blow a soap（肥皂）
bubble in below－freezing weather？ Would it freeze and fall to the ground？
Would you have to hit it with a stone to break it？ These questions came into my
mind one cold winter day.It was too cold to play in the snow，but it was a
perfect time to experiment with blowing frozen bubbles.
How does the writer begin the passage？
C　
A. By comparing two types of bubbles.
B. By describing the freezing cold weather.
C. By asking some questions about the subject.
D. By presenting the tools needed to do the experiment.
第一步：紧抓关键信息；第二步：分析关键信息，根据“What would
happen if…？Would it…？Would you have to hit…？ ”可知，是几个问句；
第三步：结合题干和文章主要内容可知，作者通过几个问题引出文章的话
题。故选C。
5. [2024扬州，42]Think about how much time you spent outside last week.
Really “outside”. Walking from the car into the mall doesn’t count.
Now think about how much time you spent indoors－on the Internet or
playing video games or watching TV.
How does the writer first introduce the topic of outdoor play？
A. By presenting the results of a recent study.
B. By introducing different kinds of outdoor play.
C. By inviting the reader to think about his or her own case.
D. By telling the reader outdoor play is good for body and mind.
C　
考点3　词义猜测题
“能根据不同的阅读目的运用简单的阅读策略获取信息，能根据语篇
的上下文和构词法推断书面语篇中生词的含义。”是《义务教育英语课程
标准（2022年版）》中所规定初中生应达到的阅读能力之一。阅读理解试
题中对这种“能根据语篇的上下文和构词法推断书面语篇中生词的含义”
能力的考查，主要采用的方式就是词义猜测题。
　　词义猜测题主要考查考生对文章中生词的猜测能力，需要考生对文本
信息进行理解、判断和分析，理解语篇的信息和意义，并根据上下文和构
词法对语篇中的生词进行猜测。词义猜测题主要包括：猜测生词或熟词生
义、猜测代词指代、猜测短语含义、猜测句子含义等类型。一套试题里通
常会设1题，其中选项有可能是英语，如连云港、泰州等中考题，也有可能
是汉语，有可能是单个的词，如扬州中考题，也可能是一个句子，如苏州
中考题。虽然猜测的内容不同，但无论如何设题，都需要考生理解语篇的
内容，根据上下文句意给出正确的猜测。
猜测生词或熟词生义
　　猜测生词或熟词生义要求考生具备一定的词汇积累，这样才能理解文
章内容并结合上下文内容进行猜测。常见的命题方式有：
①The word “…” in the last paragraph refers to“ 　　　　”.
②What is the meaning of the underlined word in the… paragraph？
③The word“…” most nearly means“ 　　　　”.
④What does the underlined word “…” in the last paragraph mean？
常见的解题技巧如下：
例1　[2023泰州，40]By cooking， students put down their phones and work
together with family members in the kitchen. By cooking， students form the
habit of doing labor work. As a part of labor education， cooking is a way to
teach kids vital 21st century skills， such as creativity， teamwork and so on. If
these skills aren’t taught to today’s students， they might hardly survive in the
future.
What does the underlined word “vital” in the last paragraph mean？
A　
A. Necessary. B. Difficult.
C. Creative. D. Simple.
第一步：紧抓画线词指代的上下文；第二步：对比上下文信息，根据
画线词vital所修饰的skills的举例“such as creativity， teamwork and so on”
以及下文“If these skills aren’t taught to today’s students， they might hardly
survive in the future.”可知，skills指创造力、团队合作等，没有这些技能未
来很难生存。第三步：分析逻辑关系，vital是skills的定语，由此推测vital的
意思是“必须的”。故选A。
1. [2023扬州，38]Flames （火焰） were climbing up the front porch. Without
pausing for a moment to think about the danger， Bostic stopped his car and ran
from the back door into the burning building， which belongs to the Barrett
family.
Bostic had just started climbing the stairs when he looked up and saw four faces
appear from a room at the top of the stairs and look down at him， their eyes
wide. “Your house is on fire， you need to go！” Bostic yelled.
Bostic hurried the four girls into the fresh air. “Anybody else in there？”
Bostic asked.
“Kaylani is in there！ We can’t find her！” Seionna， the eldest of the girls，
screamed referring to her six－year－old sister. Without hesitating， Bostic ran
back inside.
What does the underlined word“hesitating” mean in Paragraph 5？
A. 交谈 B. 犹豫
C. 埋怨 D. 期待
B　
2. [2022无锡，31]She practiced shooting softly at first. The marble rolled from
her thumb（拇指） and clicked against the targeted （作为目标的） marble.
But the target wouldn’t budge. She tried again and again， but the power from
her thumb made the targeted marble roll only an inch or two.
What does the underlined word “budge” mean in this story？
A. Jump. B. Spin.
C. Float. D. Move.
D　
猜测代词指代
　　人称代词指代判断题要求考生对it、that、they、them、this、these、
those等人称代词的指代进行正确判断。常见的命题方式有：
①The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 6 refers to 　　　　.
②What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to？
常见的解题方法如下：
例2　[2023扬州，44]The final step is to think about what happened when you
tested the hypothesis and draw a conclusion. The conclusion will either clearly
support the hypothesis or it will not. If the results support the hypothesis，a
conclusion can be written and you can share it with the rest of the world. If it
does not support the hypothesis you may choose to change the hypothesis or write
a new one based on what was learned during the experiment.
What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to（指的
是）？
B　
A. the hypothesis B. the conclusion
C. the question D. the observation
第一步：紧抓画线代词的上下文；第二步：对比上下文信息，根据
“The conclusion will either clearly support the hypothesis or it will not.”可
知，此处“it”指代前面的“The conclusion”；第三步：分析逻辑关系，此
处表示“结论要么明确地支持假设，要么不支持假设”。故选B。
3. [2022泰州，37]Sandy： You think the water will pour out， Daniel. I think
the water will stay in the jar. Let’s do the experiment to test whose opinion is
correct.
Simon： Good idea， Sandy. That is called the scientific method.
Sandy： I am so sure of my opinion that Simon can do the experiment over your
head and I know you won’t get wet.
Daniel： Well， let’s try.
The underlined word “that” refers to（指的是） .
C　
A. Sandy’s guessing B. Daniel’s opinion
C. doing an experiment D. discussing with others
猜测短语或句子含义
　　猜测短语或句子含义是一种阅读能力或对短文含义的理解能力，
主要考查在短时间内根据上下文快速猜测所指定的某一个短语或句子
含义的能力，能够辨别语篇中句子之间的逻辑关系，前后联系等。常
见的命题方式有：
①The phrase “…” in the sentence could be replaced by“ 　　　　”.
②What is the meaning of the underlined phrase in the… paragraph？
③The phrase “…” means “ 　　　　”.
④What is the best Chinese for the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3？
⑤What does the underlined part in Paragraph 11 mean？
⑥The underlined sentence “…” means“ 　　　　”.
常见的解题方法如下：
例3　[2023泰州，41]To find out the answer， scientists put pictures with
snakes， pandas， cats， flowers and many other things in front of a group of
people of all ages， even babies. People found snakes faster than flowers. It
wasn’t just snakes. They found “black faces”， another example， spiders
（蜘蛛）， faster than “safe” things like flowers. It seems we find things that
might be dangerous to us faster. Maybe we are born to be afraid of them.
In the writer’s opinion， what are “black faces”？

A. Things make people feel dangerous.
B. Faces of animals in the picture.
C. Things that have black faces.
D. Faces of people in danger.
A
第一步：紧抓画线短语的上下文；第二步：对比上下文信息，根据画
线短语所在句“It wasn’t just snakes. They found 'black faces'， another
example， spiders（蜘蛛）， faster than 'safe' things like flowers…Maybe we
are born to be afraid of them.”可知black faces与spiders所表示的含义一致。
第三步：分析逻辑关系，spiders 与下文中的them一致，且用“be afraid of”
修饰，由此可推出“是令人感觉恐惧的事物”。故选A。
例4　[2023苏州，15]Ren is the feeling of care and love we should have for
others. Confucius explained ren could best be understood as loving others. He is
famous for teaching people “What you do not want done to yourself， do not
do to others”. It is quite similar to what is known in the West as the Golden
Rule （treat others as you wish to be treated）.
What is the best Chinese for the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3？
C　
A. 博学于文，约之以礼。 B. 学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。
C. 己所不欲，勿施于人。 D. 君子和而不同，小人同而不和。
第一步：紧抓画线句子的上下文；第二步：分析逻辑关系，下文“It is
quite similar to what is known in the West as the Golden Rule （treat others as
you wish to be treated）.”是对画线句子的解释说明；第三步：对比分析，
画线句与“按照你希望被对待的方式对待他人”意义相近，即“己所不
欲，勿施于人”。故选C。
4. [2022泰州，41]The good news is for art lovers who cannot travel and for the
caves.
Scientists have created a 360－degree， 3D digital projection of the caves，
which makes the artwork come alive. There is also a function（功能）that lets
viewers zoom in and enjoy the paintings and sculptures in greater detail.
The underlined phrase“zoom in” means in Chinese.
A. 使（镜头）抬高 B. 使（镜头）拉近
C. 使（镜头）俯视 D. 使（镜头）远离
B　
5. [2023徐州，39]Many flower flies look like bees. This helps keep them safe
from animals that may want to eat them. Insects with yellow and black stripes
usually have stingers（刺）. Insect eaters， such as some birds and frogs，
need to get stung only once to know that stripes mean trouble. Flower flies can’t
sting， but insect eaters see the stripes and leave the flies alone.
What does the underlined phrase“leave the flies alone” in Paragraph 4
mean？
C　
A. Make friends with the flies. B. Eat the flies up.
C. Keep away from the flies. D. Invite the flies in.
考点4　主旨大意题
“能根据语篇内容提取并归纳关键信息，整体理解和简要概括主要内
容。”是《义务教育英语课程标准（2022年版）》中所规定初中生应达到
的阅读能力之一。阅读理解试题中对这种“能根据语篇内容提取并归纳关
键信息，整体理解和简要概括主要内容”能力的考查，主要采用的方式就
是主旨大意题。
　　主旨大意题主要考查考生对文章内容的整体理解，并且能根据文章内
容归纳概括语篇的信息和意义。主旨大意题包括选择最佳标题（title），概
括文章大意、段落大意和判断作者的写作目的（purpose）等。
最佳标题概括
　　最佳标题概括要求考生能够把握文章的内在关系，理解文章的真正含
义、准确推断出正确答案。其常用提问方式主要有：
①What is the best title for the text/passage？
②What can be a suitable title for the text？
常见的解题技巧如下：
例1　[2023连云港，40]We would never see black and white in a rainbow.
Black is what we see when there’s no light at all. On the other hand， white is a
mix of all the colors together. When light is refracted by raindrops， it separates
the white light out， meaning it is no longer white.
What’s the best title for the passage？
A. How are the colors received in the rainbow？
B. When can the colors turn blue in the rainbow？
C. Which colors aren’t covered with light in the rainbow？
D. Why can’t we find white， black and brown in the rainbow？
D　
第一步：确定主旨句“We would never see black and white in a
rainbow.”；第二步：分析主旨句含义，我们在彩虹中看不到黑白色；第三
步：结合主旨句和下文的具体分析可知 ，本文主要介绍了彩虹的各种颜
色，重点讲述为什么我们在彩虹中看不到黑白色。故选D。
1. [2024南京模拟，60]Can plants talk？ Modern research has found something
amazing： they do communicate with each other.
…
Scientists are learning more every day about the secret ways in which plants
talk to each other. Maybe one day we will know enough about plant
communication to be able to “talk” with them ourselves.

Which is the best title for the passage？
A　
A. The Secret Language of Plants
B. The Study about the Plant Warning System
C. The Plants that Give Warnings
D. The Scientists that Do Research about Plants
文章大意概括
　　概括文章大意要求考生能够把握文章的整体内容，理解文章的真
正含义。文章的主题或中心都在第一段或最后一段表明。某一段的主
题句也常出现在段首或段尾，且常有一些表归纳关系的信号词，如in
short、in a word等。
其常用提问方式主要有：
①What is the main idea of the text？
②What is the main idea/topic of the passage？
③What is the text mainly about？
④What does the passage/author mainly discuss？
⑤Which is the subject discussed in the text？
⑥Which of the following best expresses the main idea？
⑦Which sentence best expresses the theme of the story？
⑧What’s the purpose of this passage？
常见的解题技巧如下：
例2　[2023南通，32]There is nothing wrong with having an accent （口音）.
In fact， most native English speakers won’t care if you do. You should feel
confident about your accent！ But as you improve your language abilities，
losing your accent might be something you’ve started to think about. And， if
you’re entering the workforce in an English speaking environment， it is
important to get your pronunciation to a level that native speakers can understand
without difficulty. So， here， we’re looking at some tips to help you sound like
a native speaker.
What’s the purpose of this passage？
A. To suggest what a native English speaker should do.
B. To suggest what you should do to sound like a native speaker.
C. To explain why there is nothing wrong with having an accent.
D. To explain why your pronunciation is always of great importance.
B　
第一步：找到主旨句“So， here， we’re looking at some tips to help you
sound like a native speaker.”；第二步：分析主旨句和文章主要内容，文章
是为了帮助你听起来像母语人士；第三步，对比选项含义。故选B。
2. [2023扬州，31]China has made great achievements in biodiversity
protection.Building a national park system is one of the greatest jobs that China
has done so far.In October 2021，China’s first five national parks were
designated （认定）.They are home to nearly 30％ of the earth’s key wildlife
species （物种） found in China， covering a protected land area of 230，000
square kilometers. This table will inform you of the first five national parks－
China’s treasures in nature.

What does the passage mainly tell us？
B　
A. When China’s first five national parks were discovered.
B. Some general information of China’s first five national parks.
C. What challenges China’s first five national parks are facing.
D. Some actions to protect the wildlife species in these parks.
段落大意概括
　　概括段落大意要求考生能够理解文章的真正含义以及各段落间的内在
关系。一般来说，某一段的主题句也常出现在段首或段尾，且常有一些表
归纳关系的信号词，如in short、in a word等。常见的命题方式有：
①What is the first/second paragraph mainly about？
②What does Paragraph 8 mainly talk about？
③Paragraph 1 mainly tells us 　　　　.
常见的解题技巧如下：
例3　[2023连云港，34]Sano said he got the idea to try surfing from a worker at
his local bank. The man’s skin was always dark and he did not look like a usual
worker. His secret to keep healthy and energetic， he said， was surfing. So，
Sano found a teacher.
Paragraph 3 mainly tells us .
A. where Sano learnt to surf
B. why Sano tried surfing
C. how Sano planned to surf
D. when Sano went surfing
B　
第一句：抓住段落主旨句“His secret to keep healthy and energetic， he
said， was surfing. So， Sano found a teacher.”；第二步：分析主旨句和段
落的内在含义，冲浪可以保持健康和精力充沛；第三步：分析可知，此段
说明Sano尝试冲浪的原因，故选B。
3. [2022扬州，45]“We have built multiple kinds of robot fishes， and the
robotic whale shark is the largest mechanical fish we have made so far，” Fang
added.“Our robots are to serve three purposes－to perform in aquariums for
entertainment， spread knowledge about the sea and aquatic（水生的）animals
among youngsters， and carry out scientific tasks such as hydrological surveys，
underwater photography and environmental inspection.”
What does Paragraph 8 mainly talk about？

A. The limits of the aquatic robots.
B. The purposes of the aquatic robots.
C. The progress in making aquatic robots.
D. The steps to developing aquatic robots.
B
写作目的/意图
　　判断作者写作目的/意图要求考生能够真正理解文章的含义、准确推断
出作者的真实意图和写作语篇的目的。常见的命题方式有：
①What’s the purpose of the passage？
②What does the writer mainly tell us？
③What can we learn from the story？
④Why does the writer tell a story/teach a lesson/share an experience？
⑤What is the main purpose of the author writing the text？
⑥The writer’s purpose of writing this passage is to 　　　　.
常见的解题技巧如下：
例4　[2023宿迁，45]Patrasche had been badly treated by his master all his life.
Never had anyone treated him nicely as Nello and his grandpa. Patrasche was
thankful for the kindness he received， so he wanted to help， Grandpa tied a
stripe on Patrasche， and he started to pull the cart right away.
From then on， people in town would see such a scene a large dog was
pulling a cart loaded with milk with the grandpa pushing behind and Nello
helping at the side.

What can we learn from the story？
B　
A. Honesty can make a big difference.
B. Humans and animals can help each other.
C. Life will become sweeter through hard work.
D. Abandoned animals are real friends of humans.
第一步：确定关键信息“Patrasche had been badly treated by his master all
his life. Never had anyone treated him nicely as Nello and his grandpa.”和
“From then on， people in town would see such a scene a large dog was pulling
a cart loaded with milk with the grandpa pushing behind and Nello helping at the
side.”；第二步：分析关键信息的含义，帕特拉斯基一生都受到主人的虐
待。从来没有人像尼洛和他的爷爷那样善待他……一只大狗拉着一辆装满
牛奶的车，爷爷在后面推着，尼洛在旁边帮忙；第三步：根据关键信息可
推断出，人和动物能够互相帮助，故选B。
4. [2022徐州，41]
Flying cars： flying high and reaching for the sky！
Traffic jam is almost every driver’s headache. So it’s not surprising to see
why the idea of turning cars into flying machines has been popular for years. The
flying cars can be seen in a lot of science fiction novels and films. Now the idea
may become a reality in the near future.

What’s the main purpose of the material？
B　
A. To explain how to make flying cars.
B. To introduce flying cars.
C. To show the importance of flying cars.
D. To advertise for flying cars.
5. [2023苏州，20]In conclusion， starting school later helps students get a
better night’s sleep. It improves their chances of eating， behaving and
performing better.
What’s the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage？
A. To explain reasons for students’ stress.
B. To describe bad habits caused by sleep loss.
C. To discuss scientists’ research on healthy food.
D. To introduce benefits of later school start times.
D　
考点5　篇章结构题
“能分析和梳理常见书面语篇的基本结构特征和内容的主次关
系。”是《义务教育英语课程标准（2022年版）》中所规定初中生应
达到的阅读能力之一。阅读理解试题中对这种“能分析和梳理常见书
面语篇的基本结构特征和内容的主次关系”能力的考查，主要采用的
方式就是篇章结构题。
　　篇章结构题主要考查考生对文章内容的正确理解和分析，并且能根据
语篇的信息理顺语篇所采用的结构方式。
篇章结构
　　篇章结构题的考查有两个层次，一是按段落的组织方式理解文章；二
是按写作方法或论证方法理解文章。这就要求考生能够把握文章的内在关
系，理清文章结构。常见的命题方式有：
①What’s the structure（结构） of the passage？
②Which of the following shows the structure of this passage？
③Which is the right structure of the passage？
④The structure of the passage may be 　　　　.
常见的解题技巧如下：
例　[2023南通，36]The Drama Festival will run in and outside China from
June 20 to July 7. Sixty－five works will be put on both in theaters and online.
“The festival is all about imagination connecting drama with the latest
technology，” says Liu Chang， manager of the festival， who is also a drama
director. Technology has improved design， performances and so on. Artists
like Liu aren’t sure if the new technology can take drama to the future.
A Chinese play directed by Meng Jinghui， inspired （赋予灵感） by the
two－part drama Faust by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe， will be on as the
opening play of the festival. In the first half of the play， Meng introduces the
story to 400 real audiences （观众） sitting in the Fengchao Theater in Beijing.
The second half of the play will have more audiences， who use their
cellphones， computers and headsets to be part of the play Fonline.
Zhang Zhouxiang is a director full of imagination. His work， inspired by
Hieronymus Bosch’s painting The Garden of Earthly Delights， will be shown
from June 30 to July 2. Supported by AI， audiences can explore the fictitious
scene， similar to the feeling in the real world， as the painting describes.
“The stage （舞台） design is done by AI， which is like an assistant
realizing the ideas of me and my team，” says Liu， “Now I try to use the
latest technology， such as ChatGPT， to write the script， and I am still
working on it because the language model is difficult to understand.”
Now technology is playing a more and more important role. Many artists
want to use it to improve drama. They are very interested in the relationship
between people and the latest technology， especially when connected in drama
－a scene to dream.
What is the structure of this passage？ （1＝Paragraph 1， 2＝Paragraph
2…）
A　
第一步：分析每个段落含义，第一段引出文章话题戏剧节中AI的运
用；第二、三、四段介绍Meng Jinghui，Zhang Zhouxiang和Liu Chang介绍
AI在此次作品和戏剧节中的运用；第五段介绍科技在艺术中的积极应用。
第二步：分析段落之间逻辑关系，第一段引出话题，第二、三、四段介绍
应用，第五段总结全文。第三步，确定文章结构并对比选项，文章是“总
－分－总”的结构。故选A。
1. [2024南通模拟，54]①A new report suggests Canada’s Western Hudson Bay
polar bear population has dropped by 27 percent during the past five years.
②Every autumn， bears living along the western edge of the Hudson Bay
pass through the sub－Arctic town of Churchill， Manitoba. The yearly
movement has helped make the area’s bears one of the most studied groups in the
world. Bear－watching adds about $5.3 million to the local economy each year.
But a report recently showed by the government in Canada’s northern territory of
Nunavut found that just 618 polar bears remained in the area in 2021. This
represented a 50 percent drop in the population from the 1980s.
③Polar bears depend on frozen saltwater， called sea ice， to help them
hunt seals for food. But the Arctic is now warming about four times faster than
the rest of the world. Around Hudson Bay， seasonal sea ice is melting （融
化） earlier in the spring， and forming later in the fall. This is forcing bears to
go through longer periods without food.
④John Whiteman is a scientist at the nonprofit （非营利的） conservation
group Polar Bears International. He called the population drop “totally
shocking”. Whiteman said scientists fear that if continued sea ice loss cannot be
stopped， it will one day lead to a total loss of the area’s polar bear population.
⑤Scientists warned that a direct link between the population drop and sea
ice loss in Hudson Bay is not fully clear. This is because four of the past five
years have seen reasonably good ice conditions. Experts say climate－caused
changes influencing the local sea population might also be driving the polar bear
number down.
⑥Scientists are also worried because the rate of population decline （衰
退）has sped up in recent years. Between 2011 and 2016， for example， the
polar bear population dropped by just 11 percent. There are 19 polar bears spread
out among Russia， Alaska ， Norway， Greenland and Canada. But Western
Hudson Bay is one of the southernmost populations. Scientists predict the bears
there are likely to become among the first to disappear.
The structure of the passage may be .
D　
2. [2024泰州模拟，40]①Every winter， Siberian cranes （白鹤） migrate
（迁徙） from northeast Siberia in Russia to Poyang Lake in Jiangxi Province，
China. About 95 percent of the birds spend the season there. However， climate
change has endangered the birds’ habitats （栖息地）.
②“In some years， the Poyang Lake experiences floods （洪水），
while in others， it experiences droughts （干旱）. Both of these create food
shortages （短缺） in the cranes’ habitat，” Qian Fawen， a researcher from
the National Bird Banding Center of China， told China Daily.
③To help deal with the problem， the local government has built 70
hectares （公顷） of lotus roots （莲藕） in Nanchang to provide food during
the winter for the cranes. The birds’ population has risen from about 3，000 to
more than 5，000 over the past 20 years， according to Qian.
④Over the years， China has worked hard to protect migratory birds and
wetlands. Known as the Earth’s kidneys （肾脏）， wetlands play a key role in
cleaning water， preventing floods， and helping with biodiversity （生物多样
性）. The Wetlands Protection Law was introduced on June 1， 2022. It stops
building work on important national wetlands and bans （禁止） activities such
as overgrazing （过度放牧） and giving out wastewater.
⑤Thanks to these efforts， China has reported more birds wintering in the
nation’s wetlands. In February， black－faced spoonbills （黑脸琵鹭）， an
endangered species， were seen wintering at Dongting Lake after disappearing
for five years. Last December， Shanghai Chongming Dongtan Bird National
Nature Reserve recorded more than 2，900 tundra swans （小天鹅） up from
1，000 seen during the winter of 2021.
What is the structure of the passage？
A. ①②－③④－⑤ B. ①－②－③④⑤
C. ①②－③④⑤ D. ①－②③④⑤
A　
考点6　逻辑关系题
“能辨别语篇中的衔接手段，判断语篇中句子之间、段落之间的逻辑
关系；理解语篇中显性或隐性的逻辑关系。”是《义务教育英语课程标准
（2022年版）》中所规定初中生应达到的阅读能力之一。阅读理解试题中
对这种“能辨别语篇中的衔接手段，判断语篇中句子之间、段落之间的逻
辑关系；理解语篇中显性或隐性的逻辑关系”能力的考查，主要采用的方
式就是句子还原题。
　　句子还原题主要考查考生对文章内容的正确梳理、理解、分析和判
断，通过阅读理解语篇的信息，语篇中的衔接手段，句子与句子之间，段
落与段落之间的逻辑关系，并通过合理的推理、判断和梳理，弄清楚事件
发生的先后顺序。
　　句子还原题是有规律可循的，文章是按照一定的逻辑关系叙述的，或
者是依照事件发展的先后顺序，或者是按照因果关系、递进关系、转折关
系、解释关系、例证关系、定义关系等等，这些都可以通过一些关键词看
出来。这就要求考生能够把握文章的内在关系，理解文章的真正含义、准
确把句子还原到文章中的正确位置或是根据文章内容推断出符合逻辑的发
展。常见的命题方式有：
句子还原
①Which sentence should go in the empty box in Paragraph…？
②Which sentence should go in the empty box in Paragraph…from the bottom？
③What will the writer probably continue to write in “ ▲ ” in Paragraph…？
常见的解题技巧如下：
例　[2023扬州，43]The second step is to state a possible answer to the question
or a hypothesis， such as“ ”. A good hypothesis includes
three things： The explanation for the observations， it is able to be tested， and
it will usually predict new outcomes or conclusions.
The third step is the experiment， to test the hypothesis. An experiment is a
test which will either challenge or support the hypothesis.The hypothesis will
then be true or false.
Which sentence should go in the empty box in Paragraph 3？
A　
A. A candy bar makes a sick stomach feel better.
B. It was the medicine you took an hour earlier that made you feel better.
C. Eat a candy bar again， and see what happens to your sick stomach.
D. Ask people if eating a candy bar has made a sick stomach feel better.
第一步：紧抓空处的上下文；第二步：分析上下文的逻辑关系，根据
上文“The second step is to state a possible answer to the question or a
hypothesis， such as”可知此处是假设的一个例子。根据下文“A good
hypothesis includes three things： The explanation for the observations， it is
able to be tested， and it will usually predict new outcomes or conclusions.”可
知，一个好的假设需要有解释，能被验证，还能预测出新的结果。A选项
“一块糖能让恶心的胃感觉好一点。”是一个好的假设。故选A。
1. [2023扬州，40]Bostic climbed back up， made it to the room and broke the
glass， Kaylani still in his arms.
Bostic and Kaylani looked down at the open grassy space.The girl said，
“ ”He was thinking the exact same thing.
But they had little choice.The flames were inching ever closer. Holding
Kaylani tightly in one arm， Bostic ran forward and threw himself out of the
window. He managed to land on the other shoulder. Kaylani was almost unhurt.
A. I want my sisters！
B. Wow，we’ll be heroes！
C. I can’t thank you too much.
D. I don’t want to jump out the window.
Which sentence should go in the empty box in Paragraph 3 from the
bottom？
D　
2. [2023南通，41]After the Wetlands Protection Law， the nation’s first law to
protect wetlands， was introduced on June 1， 2022， complete protection was
strengthened. The law clearly explained what the government should do and
introduced strict punishment for people who destroy wetland areas. It limits
building at important national wetlands and it doesn’t allow harmful activities，
including using them as farmlands， leaving wastewater everywhere，
harvesting and fishing too much.
Key nature reserve management offices in China have reported more birds
wintering in the nation’s wetlands， including some new rare kinds. 　▲
What will the writer probably continue to write in “ 　▲　” in Paragraph
8？
A. People have done something to protect wetlands.
B. The number of the birds has increased in wetlands.
C. Experts will go on to do other research on wetlands.
D. The government will make more laws to protect wetlands.
B　
主题精练
2
A组　主题语境练
主题语境1　人与社会
Passage 1　（2024苏州，B）
主题群：文学、艺术与体育　子主题：影视作品　教材链接：九上Unit 6　
难度：★★☆
　　 A recent TV series To the Wonder has become
China’s breakout TV hit of the year. It has also won praise at
a film festival abroad. To the Wonder is based on the award－
winning novel of Li Juan， My Altay， and is directed by Teng Congcong. It is
very poetic and filled with beautiful wisdom.
The TV drama follows the journey of Li Wenxiu. She once wished to leave
Altay， an area in Northern Xinjiang. After failing to realize her dream in the
capital of Xinjiang， Li has to move back to her hometown and tries to find a
new direction for herself. At first， Li finds it hard to understand her neighbours’
traditional way of thinking. Under the influence of her mother Zhang Fengxia，
Li starts to see the place and its people in a new light. Later， she comes to
understand their lifestyle and respect for nature.
Fans describe watching the drama as an experience in the wonderland.
“It’s like breathing in fresh air or lying under the sun，” said one fan. “It is a
unique drama， very different from the usual Chinese series. A must－watch if
you want to discover the beauty of the grassland and life there，” another fan
said.
“People enjoy the wonderful view of Altay. But the key to the success of
the series lies in its ability to connect with the viewers on a human level，” said
Teng Congcong. “In the drama， everyone communicates sincerely. Even if I
disagree with you， I sincerely respect you. In fact， this is a very important
part of human nature－the love for truth， goodness and beauty.”
1. To the Wonder is the name of .
A. a foreign drama B. a famous film
C. a TV series D. a beautiful poem
2. Why does Li Wenxiu come back to Altay？
C　

A. To look after her mother.
B. To find herself a new direction.
C. To help the local people.
D. To enjoy its beautiful view.
B
3. The underlined word “unique” has the closest meaning to .
重难点拨
A. serious B. common
C. special D. strange
C　
4. What is the key to the success of To the Wonder according to Director Teng？
A. Its sincere respect for nature.
B. The beautiful wisdom of the writer.
C. The lifestyle of the local people.
D. Its sincere connection with viewers.
Passage 2　（2024扬州，B）
主题群：文学、社会与体育　子主题：文学名著　教材链接：八下Unit 4　
难度：★★☆
　　One day in autumn Squire Gordon， my master， went on a trip into town.
John， my caretaker， went with him. I pulled the cart. The weather was rainy
and windy， but we travelled happily.
Gordon’s business took a long time. We didn’t leave until late afternoon.
The wind was then much higher. My master said to John， “I have never been
out in such a storm！” Mr Gordon and John could not see well in the rain.
We came to a wooden bridge. It was very nearly dark. We could just see
that the water was over the middle of the bridge. But as that happened sometimes
when the floods were out， master did not stop. The moment my feet touched
the first part of the bridge， I felt sure there was something wrong. I dare （敢
于） not go forward， and I made a dead stop. “Go on， Beauty，” said my
master， and he gave me a touch with the whip （鞭子）， but I dare not move.
He gave me a sharp cut and I jumped， but I dare not go forward.
“There’s something wrong， sir，” said John， and he got out and tried
to lead me forward. “Come on， Beauty.” But I knew that the bridge was not
safe.
Just then the man on the other side saw us.
“Hey！ Halloo！ Stop！” he cried.
“What’s the matter？” shouted my master.
“The bridge is broken in the middle， and part of it is carried away. If you
go onto it， you’ll be into the river.”
“Thank you for saving us， Beauty！” said John. He gently turned me
round to the right hand road by the river side. It grew darker and darker， stiller
and stiller.
When we returned home the Squire told Mrs Gordon， “Black Beauty
saved our lives. He knew the bridge was dangerous.”
John took me to the stable. Oh！ What a good supper he gave me that
night！ What a nice bed of straw！ I was glad of it， for I was tired.
－Adapted from Black Beauty
1. What was the weather like when Gordon， John and Beauty left town for
home？
A. The rain came to a stop.
B. There was a heavy storm.
C. It was sunny and windy.
D. The wind was much gentler.
B　
2. Which of the following is the correct order of the
story？
a.The man warned them not to cross the broken bridge.
b.The master touched Black Beauty with the whip.
c.Black Beauty was well rewarded for his decision.
d.Black Beauty refused to obey his master at the bridge.
e.They three came to a wooden bridge， ready to cross the river.
A. ebdac B. bdaec C. edcab D. dbeca
A　
3. Which detail supports the main idea that Black Beauty knew the bridge was
dangerous？
A. Mr Gordon and John could not see well in the rain.
B. We could just see that the water was over the middle of the bridge.
C. He gave me a sharp cut and I jumped， but I dare not go forward.
D. He gently turned me round to the right hand road by the river side.
C　
4. According to the passage， what is Black Beauty like？
A. Brave and smart.
B. Modest and hard－working.
C. Impolite and fearful.
D. Impatient and unwise.
A　
Passage 3　（2024连云港，C）
主题群：文学、艺术与体育　子主题：文学名著　教材链接：八下Unit 4　
难度：★★☆
　　If you grew up in an unusual family and felt limited by heavy thoughts，
how would you change your life story？ In the book Educated， the US writer
Tara Westover shows us how she deals with hard times.
The book talks about Westover’s life. Her father had a junkyard （废品
场） in Idaho， US. It’s a very small mountain village. Tara and her brothers
and sisters worked every day. Before she turned 17， she had never traveled
outside. None of the kids in her family had ever been to a school or a hospital.
As she got older， she felt that she needed to get away from this uncomfortable
situation. Luckily， Westover’s older brother taught her to read. With hard
work， Westover went to college on a scholarship， and later got a PhD （博士
学位） in History at the University of Cambridge.
Education changed her， her life， her way of thinking and even her luck.
After reading the book， I come to feel the deepest thanks for my own family，
and the education I got. Education allows girls like Westover to fly like birds
toward their own goals. It allows us to get a different view， find new
experiences， better understand others and explore the wider world. I wish for
all of us to be like free and powerful birds， growing and changing through
challenges and difficulties.
1. What’s the writing purpose of paragraph 1？

A. To attract readers’ interest.
B. To collect Westover’s opinion.
C. To show how to deal with hard times.
D. To explain how to change one’s life story.
A
2. What can we learn about Westover’s life from paragraph 2？
A. Her brother got a PhD in History.
B. She changed her life with hard work.
C. Her life in the village was comfortable.
D. She left the small village in childhood.
B　
3. What is the last paragraph mainly about？
A. Directions of birds’ flying.
B. The ways of thinking.
C. Experiences of girls’ growing.
D. The power of education.
4. What is the text？ 重难点拨
A. A news report. B. A book review.
C. A science fiction. D. A reading plan.
D　
B　
Passage 4　（2024扬州，C）
主题群：历史、社会与文化　子主题：文化自信　教材链接：七下Units 3
－4　难度：★★☆
　　Chinese culture has great attraction for people both at home and abroad. We
have seen many people from around the world express their love for Chinese
culture in different forms. A growing number of foreigners have even chosen to
live in China for its culture.
Interested in Chinese classical literature， Canadian artist Brandon Collins
－Green or Lin Buran in Chinese expresses his understanding of A Dream of the
Red Chamber by Cao Xueqin and Chinese poems through thousands of
paintings. Often painting throughout the night， he has created more than 4，
200 works. Living alone in the center of Nanchang， he has come a long way
since he first came here in 2015 to study ancient Chinese literature.
Brandon loves learning about the lifestyle of ancient Chinese people. “So
far， I have read the novel three times， translated most of its poems， songs，
lantern riddles （谜语）， and dialogues into English， and completed over 1
million words of articles and 2，000 related paintings during my PhD
studies，” said Brandon with pride and satisfaction.
Timur Kuvatov， director－general and editor－in－chief of the
Kazakhstan Today News Agency， is a Chinese kung fu fan. He has won kung fu
championships a lot of times and also served as a coach for the Kazakhstan kung
fu team. “Chinese kung fu is a treasure of Chinese culture. It is not just a sport
but also reflects the Chinese way of dealing with people， their understanding of
life， nature， and the world，” he said.
Vincent Cazeneuve， known as Wensen Qi in Chinese， is a French artist
devoted to lacquer （漆器） creation. He came to live in Chongqing in
2009.His works have been shown in art institutions both in and outside of
China， and his fans have even collected some of them.
What is the charm of Chinese culture that attracts these people？ It lies in its
richness and openness. Also its cultural background differences make foreigners
curious about the lifestyles， way of thinking， and values of the country.
1. What has Brandon done to express his love for Chinese culture？
A. He has created many famous Chinese poems.
B. He has decided to move to China with his friends.
C. He has written thousands of Chinese lantern riddles.
D. He has translated part of Cao Xueqin’s novel into English.
2. As to Chinese culture， what is Timur Kuvatov interested in？
A. Kung fu. B. Paintings.
C. Literature. D. Lacquer creation.
D　
A　
3. What does the writer express through the stories of Brandon， Timur and
Vincent？
A. Chinese names are more attractive to foreigners.
B. The influence of Chinese art proves greater abroad.
C. Chinese culture is getting popular around the world.
D. China is an ideal country for people from abroad to live.
C　
4. What can be the best title for the passage？

A. New look of traditional Chinese culture
B. Charm of Chinese culture in foreigners’ eyes
C. Development of Chinese culture in the West
D. Culture differences between the East and West　
B
重难点拨
Passage 5　（2024连云港，A）
主题群：历史、社会与文化　子主题：节日活动　教材链接：七上Units 5
－8　难度：★★☆
Best kite festivals around the world
Imagine a sky full of colorful kites of all shapes and sizes. Isn’t it
wonderful？ Now， we’ll take you on a journey through some of the best kite
festivals around the world.
Name Weifang
International Kite
Festival Washington State
International Kite
Festival Dieppe International Kite
Festival
Time Every year in April. Every year in August. Every two
years in
September.
Place In Weifang，
China. In Washington， US. In Dieppe，
France.
History Since 1984. Since 1981. Since 1980.
Features There is a big
parade （巡
游）. Visitors
can try their hand at kite making. It’s celebrated for
about a week with kite fights and races. It still holds a
world record about
kite flying. It shows
kite designs
with different themes.
There is
an evening light show with
thousands of kites.
1. Both Weifang and Washington State International Kite Festival .
A. take place once a year
B. keep many world records
C. last for about a month
D. have a history of 30 years
A　
2. What can people do in Dieppe International Kite Festival？
A. Take part in a big parade.
B. Join in kite fights and races.
C. Decide the theme for kites.
D. Enjoy a light show with kites.
D　
3. If Tom wants to make a kite， he can go to .
A. Dieppe in April
B. Dieppe in September
C. Weifang in April
D. Washington in August
C　
Passage 6　（2024苏州，C）
主题群：科学与技术　子主题：社会热点　教材链接：八下Unit 3　难度：
★★☆
　　China has become the world’s largest producer and market of EVs （电
车）. According to a report， 9.58 million Chinese－made EVs were produced
and 9.49 million were sold in 2023.Among the total sales， 1.2 million EVs
were exported （出口）.
The Chinese government has been encouraging EVs as part of its effort for
green， high－quality development. As a result， China’s EV industry develops
very quickly. At Auto （汽车） China 2004， BYD was the only company
showing EVs there. At Auto China 2024， there were 278 different EV models
on show， including BYD， SAIC， Geely， Li Auto， Nio， Xpeng and other
brands （品牌）.
China’s EV industry is now facing both challenges and chances. It’s
reported that 71％ of EV brands cut prices in 2023.EV makers without the ability
of innovation （创新） will face growing risks. In order to be both green and
smart， Chinese EV makers are trying hard to improve technologies like battery
qualities and AI support. At the same time， the government is adding even more
charging points （充电站）. On the other hand， more Chinese people are
aware of the environmental problems. It is encouraging more buyers to choose
EVs.
EVs are the way of the future. In an ideal world， everyone benefits from
innovation and green transport. Some might get there sooner than others， and
will gain greater rewards. It is very likely that China will hold the lead.
1. How many Chinese－made EVs were sold in China in 2023？
A. 8.38 million. B. 9.49 million.
C. 9.58 million. D. 8.29 million.
2. What is the purpose of Paragraph 2？
A. To introduce different EV brands in China.
B. To give some information about Auto China.
C. To show the development of China’s EV industry.
D. To advise people to buy Chinese－made EVs.
D　
C　
3. EV makers can most probably reduce growing risks by .
A. improving innovation ability
B. winning the government’s support
C. adding more charging points
D. dealing with environmental problems
4. What’s the writer’s attitude （态度） towards the
future of China’s EV industry？
A. Uncertain. B. Hopeful.
C. Doubtful. D. Worried.
A　
B　
Passage 7　（2024连云港，D）
主题群：科学与技术　子主题：科普知识　教材链接：八下Unit 3　难度：
★★☆
　　As we know， eating vegetables is good for us. Why do some people like
them but others don’t？ A new study has found that other people’s likes and
dislikes could be a reason. According to the research， people who eat
vegetables and show a clear dislike for them can influence others.
People may make facial expressions （面部表情） when eating. How does
it affect a person watching them？ A team of scientists in the UK did a study.
They asked more than 200 young women to watch videos of other adults eating
broccoli （西兰花）. The people in the videos had different expressions while
eating. They would smile， seem neutral （neither happy nor sad）， or look
disgusted.
The study found