题型二 阅读理解七选五二轮复习题型突破讲义(含答案)2024-2025学年人教新目标(Go for it)版英语九年级上册

题型二　阅读理解七选五
考情分析
从济南市近年来中考试题来看，阅读理解七选五词数通常在220～280之间，体裁以说明文为主。话题涉及自我认识、旅行度假、校园生活、文化艺术等。
微技能
微技能1　把握上下文语境
若文中没有明显的词汇复现、逻辑关系等关键词或句式的提示，考生可通过理解挖空处上下文语境来作答。解题的具体方法如下：
方法1：结合与前文/后文关系推断
第1步：把握主旨：理清文章结构、内容和事件的发生时间及发展过程；
第2步：瞻前顾后：根据文章结构或事情发展顺序，找出设空处与后文之间的关系（常见有承上启下、总结、解释）；
第3步：仔细对比：根据前后文关系，联系语境与备选项，仔细对比选出正确答案。
方法2：明确人称代词和指示代词等所指代的具体内容
第1步：注意空前空后句中出现的代词，并确定其意义；
第2步：弄清代词指代的是单数名词还是复数名词（it单数）或不可数名词还是整个句子；they/them复数；one泛指单数可数；ones泛指复数；that特指单数或不可数；this特指单数或句子；these/those特指复数名词；
第3步：结合指代意义和单复数解题。
微技能2　理清逻辑关系
方法1：并列/递进关系
表示并列/递进关系常见的词有：and， first， second， firstly， secondly， next， then， not only. ..but also. ..， also， besides， even， in addition （to）， what’s more等。正确选项常包含与上下文关键信息同义、近义或同一感彩的内容。
方法2：解释例证关系
第1步：把握主旨：速读全文，关注每段首句尾句，理清逻辑，了解主旨大意；
第2步：找举例/推理关系：在原文和备选项中，找出句与句之间的逻辑关系；
第3步：根据逻辑关系，仔细对比选项与原文，确定正确答案。
表示举例/推理关系的常见短语有：in other words， that is （to say）， it means...， in fact， such as， for example 等。
方法3：转折让步关系
表示转折让步关系常见的词有：however， but， otherwise， yet， though， although， even if等。正确选项常与转折关系词后的句子具有相反意义。
方法4：因果关系
表示因果关系常见的词有：because， because of， so， for， since， as， thanks to， for this reason， therefore， thus， as a result等。
微技能3　搜寻关键词
介绍段落主旨时，常会有核心词的复现，但不是词语的简单重复，而是核心词以同义词、近义词或不同词性的词出现。在做题时，注意选项中出现的与原文意思相同，相近或相反的词汇。
方法1：同词复现
同词复现指某一词在设空处前后和备选项中重复出现。注意复现的词要能以不同的词性、数、格、时态等形式出现。答题时需通读上下文，注意空前空后句子中与备选项中重复出现的相同词汇。
方法2：近、反义词复现
近、反义词复现是指设空处前后句中某一词与选项中某一词为近义关系，如glad与happy， start与stop等。答题时需要通读上下文，注意空前空后句子中与备选项中出现的互为近义关系的词汇或语义。
方法3：派生词复现
派生词复现是指设空处前后句中某一词和备选项中某一词的关系为派生关系，即可通过构词法转换。答题时需要注意空前空后句子中与备选项中反复出现的同为词根的词汇。
方法4：同畴词复现
同畴词复现是指设空处前后句某一词和备选项中某一词为同一范围的词。着重阅读空前空后两句，锁定关键词，也可以根据设空处前后某一词与备选项中某一词是否属于同一范围来确定正确选项。
（一）
（2024济南）We often hear of people who make long journeys to different parts of the world， with some even making it all the way to space. However， the biggest journey one can make is within oneself. The self-discovery journey helps you feel more confident and at peace with yourself. Then， how do you start your journey of self-discovery？1.　D　
You may start with finding out what you like most about yourself. It could be about how creative you are， about your ability to care about others or about your skills in playing an instrument or a sport. This will help you know better about your personal values or abilities.
Knowing what makes you excited is also helpful. What makes your eyes light up？2.　G　 It could be when you are performing a dance on stage， when you help your dad fix his computer， or even when you are doing research on your school science project.
It is always more comfortable to be on familiar（熟悉的） ground. However， in order to discover yourself， you will need to put yourself in some uncomfortable situations. 3.　F　 This may make you feel nervous， but it will give you a chance to learn more about how you feel and think when challenged.
What is your true purpose in life？4.　B　 As you go about your daily activities， ask yourself these questions to learn about your true self. Such questioning will help you to think deeply and realize what kind of person you want to be.
5.　E　 As you go through life， the experiences can change you， and this helps you grow. As Ariana Huffington said， “The journey towards self-discovery is life’s greatest adventure.”
A.It’s never too late to learn.
B.Who or what do you want to be？
C.As the saying goes， “Life is short.”
D.The following may be of some help to you.
E.The self-discovery journey is a lifelong journey.
F.For example， you have to give a speech in public.
G.This will tell you where your true joy comes from.
（二）
　　（2024历下二模）There are 202 kinds of chameleons（变色龙） in the world that scientists know about. 42％ of these different kinds of chameleons live in Madagascar.
1.　F　 Scientists used to think these animals do that to hide from danger. But now they know the main reason is to communicate with each other. Chameleons can change colors to draw other chameleons’ attention or to warn them to go away. They can use their colors to show that they are angry or scared sometimes. 2.　C　 It turns out that they stay safe by moving backward and forward in a strange way. By moving that way， the chameleon looks less like a moving animal. 3.　G　
A chameleon’s tongue is very long and moves very fast. To catch food a chameleon hides in the trees until an insect walks by. 4.　A　 A chameleon can catch insects as far away as two times its body length. The end of its tongue is very sticky. When a chameleon catches an insect， the tongue shoots forward at a great speed. And the insect is caught in a flash.
Chameleons are amazing animals. But like many other animals， they’re in trouble. 5.　E　 This is because the forests and other areas where they live are disappearing or are being changed by people. And when the area is changed too much， it becomes difficult for chameleons to live there. Scientists are working to help the endangered chameleons by learning as much as they can about these colorful animals.
A.Then it shoots out its tongue to catch the insect all of a sudden.
B.Are chameleons able to change colors from birth？
C.So if colors are not for hiding from danger， how do chameleons stay safe？
D.There’s usually enough time for the insect to run away.
E.Many kinds of chameleons are endangered at present.
F.Chameleons are famous for their ability to change colors.
G.Instead， that makes it look more like a leaf swinging in the wind.