2025年河南中考英语二轮复习语法过关课件：专题四冠词(共30张PPT)

(共30张PPT)
专题四　冠词　
考点精讲
考点　 　不定冠词
1．a/an的主要用法
用法 举例
(1)用于泛指同类人或物中的任何一个或其中之一，表示“一个；某一个”(2015.21, 2016.21, 2018.21, 2020.68) ①I want to buy an English book. 我想买一本英语书。
②A doctor is a person who saves people’s lives. 医生是拯救人们生命的人。
用法 举例
(2)用于第一次提到的人或物前。 A girl is smiling at me. 一位女孩正在冲我微笑。
(3)用于what引导的感叹句中。 What a great day! 多么美好的一天！(RJ九全U2)
用法 举例
(4)用于某些集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词前。 ①Mary and John are a happy couple. 玛丽和约翰是一对快乐的夫妻。(集体名词)
②A heavy rain fell this morning in the small town. 今天早上这个小镇下了一场大雨。(物质名词)
③It’s a pleasure to talk with you. 和你交谈是一件愉快的事情。(抽象名词)
用法 举例
(5)用于某些固定搭配中。 a few 一些; a piece of 一片; in a word 总而言之; have a good time玩得开心(2019.21); as a result 结果; live a/an… life过着……生活(2022.67); take an interest in… 对……感兴趣; all of a sudden突然; once in a while偶尔; make a difference有影响
2．a/an的区别
(1)a用在发音以辅音音素开头的单词前，an用在发音以元音音素开头的单词前。
I took a piece of cake and an egg from the plate. 我从盘子里拿了一块蛋糕和一个鸡蛋。
(2)常见的拼写以元音字母开头的单词用a/an修饰的情况：
类别 举例
A a an actor, an African country, an arm, an article, an Asian country
E e an engineer, an enjoyable way, a European country, an exciting travel, an expensive car
I i an important part, an interesting story, an interview, an introduction, an invitation
类别 举例
O o an old saying, a one-eyed tiger, an outgoing person
U u 发音为/ /时，用an：an umbrella, an uncomfortable bed, an unusual tree, an upset day
发音为/ju /时，用a：a UFO, a university student, a useful book, a user, a usual way
特殊记 拼写以辅音字母开头但发音以元音音素开头的单词，前面用an。如：an hour, an honor, an honest girl
根据句意，用冠词a/an填空。
1．It’s ______ unusual experience for students to visit FAST(天眼) in Guizhou.
2．I feel like Gina is ______ honest girl, although I have never met her before.
3．What _____ useful suggestion the manager gave to Lisa! With it, she really made great progress.
an　
an　
a　
4．It is really ______ amazing idea to go to _____ European country on vacation!
5．Then, put the turkey in a hot oven and cook it for _____ few hours. (RJ八上U8)
6．(2024宿迁改编)I want to be _____ scientist like Qian Xuesen when I grow up.
7．In _____ word, to achieve success, there must be _____ balance between the goal and your ability.
an　
a　
a　
a　
a　
a　
考点　 　定冠词the的主要用法
用法 举例
(1)用于特指说话双方都知道的人或物或上文已提及的人或物。(2017.21, 2018.21, 2019.21) Many cities are more crowded and the traffic is much heavier. 许多城市更加拥挤，交通更加堵塞。(课标九上U1)
用法 举例
(2)用于序数词或形容词最高级前(2023.68, 2024.67)。 ①I like to visit the rooms on the second and third floors. 我喜欢参观二楼和三楼的房间。
②People like to go to this place especially in June as they want to see the sun rising on the longest day of the year. 人们特别喜欢在六月去这个地方(巨石阵)，因为他们想在一年中白昼时间最长的一天看到太阳升起。(RJ九全U8)
用法 举例
(3)用于世界上独一无二的事物或专有名词前。 the moon 月亮； the earth 地球； the sun 太阳； the Great Wall 长城 (2021.67); the Summer Palace 颐和园； the Yangtze River 长江
(4)用于可数名词单数、形容词或分词前，表示一类人或物。 The government in every country has worked for many years to support the homeless but more needs to be done. 各国政府多年来一直致力于帮助无家可归者，但需要做的还有很多。(课标九上U1)
用法 举例
(5)用于乐器名称前。 play the piano 弹钢琴； play the guitar 弹吉他； play the erhu 拉二胡
(6)用于一些固定搭配或习惯用语中。 on the whole 大体上； by the way 顺便提一下； to tell the truth 说实话；at the same time 同时； at the age of在……岁时； in the end最后； in the face of 面对(问题、困难等); in the future在未来； all the year round 一年到头
用适当的冠词填空。
(2024广东改编)When Peter was six, he started receiving pocket money from his mother. When he turned seven, he was given ￡7 8．_____ week. Now at 9．_______ age of fifteen, he is given ￡15 every week. He has the rise in pocket money because he spends money wisely.
a　
the　
There is 10．_____ museum near Peter’s home. He usually goes to the museum at the weekend. And he always buys his grandparents small presents when he visits them. When he has saved enough money, Peter goes to buy books and donates them to children in need. His mother is satisfied with how he spends his money. She thinks it is one of 11．_______ smartest choices in her life to give Peter pocket money early.
a　
the　
Peter’s mother even suggests giving pocket money to children as early as when they are four. “To learn how to deal with money is 12．______ important life skill. Giving children pocket money in their early years teaches them the importance of budgeting. ”
an　
考点　 　零冠词的主要用法
用法 举例
(1)用于表示三餐、球类、棋类、语言、学科等的名词前。 after supper 晚饭后(2015.21); play football 踢足球； play chess 下国际象棋； speak English 说英语； learn history 学历史
注意　若表示三餐的名词前有形容词，则需加冠词。如：have a big dinner 吃一顿大餐
指具体的某个球时，表示球类的名词前需用冠词。如：There is a football in my room. 我的房间里有一个足球。
用法 举例
(2)用于表示节日、日期、星期、月份、季节等的名词前 。 May Day 劳动节； on June 1st 在六月一号； on Sunday 在星期天； in January 在一月； in summer 在夏季
注意　若特指某年的某个月份或季节，则需要在月份或季节前加the。如：in the summer of 2024 在2024年夏天
在表示中国传统节日的名词词组前常用the。如：the Spring Festival春节
用法 举例
(3)用于能与by连用且表示交通工具的名词前。 by plane/air 乘飞机； by train 乘火车； by bus 乘公共汽车； by ship/sea/boat乘船； by high-speed train 乘高铁
注意　take a bus, in a boat, ride a bike 等中需用冠词。
(4)用于一些固定搭配中。 at last最后，终于； on foot 步行； in fact 事实上； at night/noon 在夜里/中午； day and night 夜以继日； by mistake 错误地； year after year 年复一年； for example 例如； in danger 在危险中
注意　词组中有无冠词的区别
out of question 毫无疑问/out of the question 不可能； in hospital (因病)住院/in the hospital 在医院(不一定是病人); by day 在白天/by the day 按日(计算); go to school 去上学/go to the school 去学校
(　　)13．Bruce likes playing ______ soccer and Alice likes playing ______ piano.
A．a; the B．/; the
C．/; / D．the; /
(　　)14．Bicycles are popular in our city because it’s convenient to go to ______ school or go to work by ______ bike.
A．a; the B．/; the
C．/; / D．the; /
B　
C　
试题精练
单项选择
(　　)1．The film had been on for half ______ hour when she entered the cinema.
A．a B．an
C．the D．/
B　
(　　)2．My grandfather usually has ______ apple and some bread for ______ dinner.
A．a; / B．an; the
C．a; the D．an; /
(　　)3．As ______ old saying goes, “He who has never been to ______ Great Wall is not a true man. ”
A．a; the B．an; the
C．a; / D．an; /
D　
B　
(　　)4．Eric is ______ blind child and now he studies at a special school for ______ blind.
A．a; a B．a; the
C．the; a D．the; the
(　　)5．The beautiful countryside is in ______ south of the city and people there live ______ happy life.
A．the; an B．the; the
C．the; a D．/; a
B　
C　
语篇填空
阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。
A school in Chengdu held an activity which asked students to tell the stories of their family heirlooms(传家宝). Students brought the photos of their heirlooms to school and shared their stories 1．_______ others.
with　
Xiao Yao’s heirlooms are some food coupons(粮票). Her grandpa used to tell her stories about 2．_______ hardest time that he had experienced. At that time, people could only get certain food each month by using the coupons because there wasn’t enough food. Xiao said, “My grandpa wants me to be thankful for what we have today and work hard to make our country 3．_____ better place. ”
the　
a　
Zhang Chen brought a photo of a radio. His grandma bought the radio in the 1980s and usually listened to the news. His mother then used it 4．______ listen to music tapes. When Zhang was young, his mother often played old poems for him on the radio. “It’s my heirloom because 5．_________ are many beautiful memories of my family about it,” said Zhang.
to　
there