专题01 语法（含解析）-2024-2025学年小学英语五年级上册期末专项练习（外研版三起）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
期末专项复习 01 语法精练
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
[语法1] 动词过去式的变化规则
一、写出下列动词的过去式。
1. go ________ 2.come ________ 3. eat ________
4. drink ________ 5. have ________ 6. buy ________
7. take ________ 8. arrive ________ 9. walk ________
10. see ________
二、读句子，用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. There ________( be ) a cat here twenty minutes ago.
2. She ________( make ) a new dress yesterday.
3. I ________ ( visit) the Great Wall last year.
4. The dog ________( run ) fast just now.
5. I________( drop ) my ice cream on my new shoes last Saturday.
6. There ________( be ) some flowers in the park.
[语法2] 一般过去时的陈述句
用所给词的正确形式填空。
1. I________(drop) my ice cream on Jack's new shoes last Sunday.
2. The horse ________ (run ) very fast in the past. But now it runs slowly.
3. They ________(come) back last Friday.
4. I________(go) to the park yesterday. I________(meet) Mengmeng there.
5. We ________(have) a good time last summer holiday. And we ________ ( are ) very happy!
6. Mum ________(buy) some fish for me then. I ________(eat) it all.
7. I went to the zoo and ________(see) lots of animals there.
[语法3] 一般过去时的一般疑问句
单项选择。
( )1. Did they go to Beijing ________
A. tomorrow B. next week C. last year
( )2. ________ you come back yesterday
A. Do B. Did C. Were
( )3. ________ your grandma old then
A. Was B. Are C. Is
( ) 4. Did your sister ________ songs last Friday
A. sings B. sang C. sing
[语法4] how many和how much 的辨析
选词填空，补全对话。
1.—________________( How many/ How much) rice did your dad buy
—Five kilos.
2.—________________( How many/ How much) apples do you want
—Eight.
3.—________________( How many/ How much ) is your cap
—Ten yuan.
4.—________________( How many/ How much) cheese do you want
—Half a kilo.
[语法5] 可数名词和不可数名词
用所给单词的适当形式填空， 完成句子。
1. There is some ________( bread) in the fridge.
2.—Do you want some orange ________( juice )
—Yes, please.
3. Mum bought two ________( bottle) of ________( coffee).
4. How many ________( sheep) are there on the farm
5. There is some ________( food) in the basket.
6. They have five big ________( fish).
7. Let's take some ________( photo).
8. There are many ________( tomato).
9. There are three ________( people ) in my ________( family).
[语法6] 一般过去时的特殊疑问句
选词填空，补全句子。
What How Who When Where
1. ________ did you go last Sunday
—I went to Suzhou.
2.—________ took this photo of the moon
—My dad did.
3.—________ did you arrive at the party
—I arrived at six o’ clock in the evening.
4.—________ did you go to London
—I went to London by plane.
5.—________ did you see in the mountain
—I saw a panda. It was eating.
[语法7] 代词的用法
一、选择合适的单词填空。
his him He
1.—What’s the matter with ________
—________ lost ________ cap.
She her her
2.—What's the matter with ________
—________ can't find ________ pen.
They them their
3.—What's the matter with ________
—________ are helping ________ friend.
We us our
4.—Wait for ________. ________ can't run fast.
—But ________ bus is coming.
me you
5.—Did you buy a new bag for ________
—Yes, I bought a new bag for ________.
[语法8] ’s形式的名词所有格
单项选择。
( ) 1. Tomorrow is my ________ birthday.
A. mother B. mother's C. mothers'
( ) 2. This bike is ________.
A. Li Lei’s B. Li Lei C. he
( ) 3. Yesterday was ________ Day.
A. Fathers’ B. Father C. Father's
( ) 4. This is my coat. That one is ________.
A. Betty's B. Bettys’ C. Betty
( )5. The boy over there is ________ brother.
A. Amy's and Sam B. Amy and Sam's C. Amy's and Sam's
[语法9] there be 句型
在方框中选择合适的词组填空。(注意大小写)
there is there are have got has got
1. ________a big tree and ________ many birds in the tree.
2. John ________a new bag. ________a picture of Phryge (弗里吉) on the bag. That's cool.
3. ________a big classroom. ________ fifty children in the class.
4. I________a room. ________a bed, a desk and two chairs in the room.
5. My uncle ________a big farm. ________ lots of animals on the farm.
[语法10] 基数词
根据常识用英文填空。
1. There are ________________ minutes in an hour.
2. There are ________________ seasons(季节) in a year.
3. There are ________________ days in a week.
4. There are ________________ months in a year.
5. There are ________________ hours in a day.
[语法11] 情态动词 can的用法
用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。
1.—Can you ________( run) fast
—Yes, I can.
2. Can your father ________( play) the piano
3. What sport can you ________( do)
4. Lucy and Alice can ________( dance) well.
5. Amy can ________( ride) a bike.
[语法12] 常见的形容词和副词的用法
选词填空。
good well
1. Mike is a ________ boy. He can play football ________.
2. Lily sings very ________. She is ________ at singing.
happy happily
3. My friends are dancing ________. I feel very ________.
4. What a ________ day! We played ________ all day.
slow slowly
5. You are so ________. Hurry up!
6. The old man walked ________.
beautiful beautifully
7. They took photos of the mountains with ________ flowers and green plants.
8. The birds are singing ________ in the tree.
[语法13] 含有can的否定句
单项选择。
( ) 1.—I ________ speak English.
—I can teach you.
A. can B. can't C. doesn't
( ) 2. It's too dark. David can't ________.
A. sit down B. see C. hear
( ) 3. The boy can't ________. He is only nine months old.
A. walks B. walking C. walk
( ) 4. She ________ play football at all.
A. can B. can't C. isn't
( )5. Tigers can't ________.
A. fly B. running C. swam
[语法14] 一般现在时
一、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. My friend often ________( help) me.
2. Grandma ________( run) in the park every day.
3. Tom ________( don’t) go to work on Sundays.
4. This dog ________( be ) clever and useful.
5. Lily and Lucy ________( be ) good friends.
6. We all ________( like) dogs. But Tiantian ________( like) cats.
二、单项选择。
( ) 1. Tongtong ________ a pair of shorts.
A. want B. wants C. wanted
( ) 2. Class ________. Hurry up, Diandian.
A. begin B. began C. begins
( ) 3. She ________ exercise at school.
A. does B. did C. do
( ) 4. Mother ________ her hands every day.
A. washed B. wash C. washes
[语法15] 询问时间的特殊疑问句及其答语
单项选择。
( ) 1.—What's the time now
—________
A. It's a new ball. B. It's nine o' clock. C. It's near my house.
( ) 2.—________ did you go to Shanghai
—Last year.
A. What B. What time C. When
( )3.—________ is it
—It's half past one.
A. How B. What time C. What
[语法16] 时间的表达
一、根据句子或对话，将钟表补充完整。
1. We have breakfast at seven o’clock.
2. I do my homework at half past five in the afternoon.
3. Lisa plays basketball at a quarter to nine.
4.—What's the time
—It's three o' clock.
5.—What time does your class start
—My class starts at eight forty every morning.
[语法17] 询问他人感受的句型及其答语
选出正确的单词，填在横线上。
1. My grandpa is ill. I feel ________( happy/ sad).
2. I did the housework all morning. Now I feel ________( tired/ sad)
3. Sam argued with his friend. Now he feels ________( angry/ happy).
4. Lily hurt her leg. She can't go swimming with her friends. She feels ________( bored / hungry).
5.—Mum,I’m ________( hungry/ angry). I can ________( smell/ hear) nice noodle soup.
—OK. Here are your noodles.
6. Mum bought a pair of shorts for me yesterday. Now I feel ________( happy/ bored).
[语法18] 一般现在时和一般过去时的用法比较
用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. Bob ________( win ) a basketball game last Sunday. He ________( feel) happy now.
2. Judy’s uncle often ________( go) swimming on Mondays.
3. The twins ________( walk ) to school every day.
4. My mum ________( tell ) me an interesting story last night.
5. It often ________( snow) here in winter.
6. Jones went to the park and ________( take) pictures.
7. They ________( play ) basketball with us the day before yesterday.
8. The boys ________( sing) and ________ ( dance) at the party last week.
9. Peter ________( watch ) a cartoon last Saturday.
10. Amy ________( see) a doctor last Monday.
[语法19] where 引导的特殊疑问句及其答语
单项选择。
( ) 1.—________ are you
—I am at home.
A. Who B. What C. Where
( ) 2.—________ did you find my book
—Under the desk.
A. How B. Where C. Who
( ) 3. Excuse me!________ the toilet
A. Where B. What C. Where's
( ) 4. ________ my shoes
A. Where are B. What's C. Where's
( ) 5.—Where did you go —________
A. I went to Beijing. B. I found her. C. I go to Shanghai with my mum.
[语法20] 祈使句
单项选择。
( ) 1. Don't play in the street. It's dangerous.
A. Not B. Don't C. No
( ) 2. Please ________ up, Mengmeng.
A. stand B. standing C. stands
( ) 3. Let's go and ________ the monkeys.
A. saw B. see C. sees
( ) 4. ________ have a picnic tomorrow.
A. Let we B. Let our C. Let us
( ) 5. ________ sleep in class.
A. Please B. Don't C. Do
( ) 6. ________ out the crayons, please.
A. Give B. Giving C. Gives
参考答案
[语法1]
一、1. went 2. came 3. ate 4. drank 5. had
6. bought 7. took 8. arrived 9. walked 10. saw
二、1. was 解析：根据句意“20分钟前这里有只猫。”可知动词要用过去式，“a cat”为单数概念, 故填 was。
2. made 解析：由 yesterday 可知句子时态为一般过去时，动词要用过去式。
3. visited 解析：由 last year 可知句子时态为一般过去时，动词要用过去式。
4. ran 解析： just now 意为“刚才”, 句子时态为一般过去时，动词要用过去式。
5. dropped 解析：由 last Saturday 可知句子时态为一般过去时，动词要用过去式。
6. are 解析：句子主语是可数名词复数 flowers, be 动词要用 are。
[语法2]
1. dropped 解析：last Sunday意为“上个星期天”，是一般过去时的标志词，动词用过去式，drop的过去式是 dropped。
2. ran 解析：in the past 意为“在过去”, 是一般过去时的标志词，动词用过去式，run 的过去式是 ran。
3. came 解析：last Friday意为“上个星期五”, 是一般过去时的标志词，动词用过去式，come的过去式是 came。
4. went; met 解析：yesterday 意为“昨天”, 是一般过去时的标志词，动词用过去式，go的过去式是 went, meet的过去式是 met。
5. had; were 解析：last summer holiday意为“去年暑假”，是一般过去时的标志词，动词用过去式, have的过去式是 had, are 的过去式是 were。
6. bought; ate 解析：then 意为“那时”, 是一般过去时的标志词，动词用过去式，buy的过去式是 bought, eat的过去式是 ate。
7. saw 解析：and 连接两个并列成分, and前的动词用过去式，后面的动词也要用过去式，see的过去式是 saw。
[语法3]
1. C 解析：根据did 是 do的过去式, 可知句子时态为一般过去时，用表示过去的时间标志词,故选C。
2. B 解析：yesterday意为“昨天”, 句子用一般过去时，一般过去时的一般疑问句句型结构为:Did+主语+动词原形+其他 故选 B。
3. A 解析：then意为“那时”, 句子时态为一般过去时，故选 A。
4. C 解析：助动词did后的动词要用原形， 故选 C。
[语法4]
1. How much 解析： how much 意为“多少”, 对空后不可数名词 rice 的量提问。
2. How many 解析： how many 意为“多少”, 对空后可数名词 apples 的数量提问。
3. How much 解析： how much意为“多少钱”, 对价格提问。
4. How much 解析： how much 意为“多少”, 对空后不可数名词 cheese的量提问。
[语法5]
一、1. bread 解析： some修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词， bread 是不可数名词。
2. juice 解析： juice 是不可数名词。
3. bottles; coffee 解析： coffee 是不可数名词, 在表示数量时可以用“瓶”作为单位， bottle是可数名词,“两瓶咖啡”是“ two bottles of coffee”。
4. sheep 解析： sheep单复数同形。
5. food 解析： food指“食物”时, 是不可数名词。
6. fish 解析： fish“鱼”单复数同形, “ five big fish”表示“五条大鱼”。
7. photos 解析： photo是可数名词, 变复数加-s。
8. tomatoes 解析： tomato是可数名词, 变复数在词尾加- es。
9. people; family 解析：第一空 people 是集合名词,本身是复数。第二空“ in my family”意为“在我家中”。
[语法6]
1. Where 2. Who 3. When 4. How 5. What
解析：对地点提问用 where； 对人提问用 who； 对时间提问用 when； 对交通方式提问用 how; 对具体内容提问用 what。
[语法7]
一、1. him; He; his 2. her; She; her
3. them; They; their4. our5.me;you
解析：介词后接人称代词宾格形式，人称代词主格形式作主语，名词前用形容词性物主代词修饰。
[语法8]
1. B解析：一般情况下在名词后加-'s，表示名词所有格，意为“……的”。
2. A 解析：在名字后加-'s, 意为“ 的”。
3. C 解析： Father's Day是父亲节。
4. A解析：在名字后加-'s，表示名词所有格，意为“……的”。
5. B解析：表示某人为两个及两个以上的人共同拥有时，只在最后一个人的名字后面加-'s。
[语法9]
1. There is; there are 解析：表示某地存在某物可以用 there be 句型, 单数a big tree前用 there is, 复数 many birds 前用 there are。
2. has got; There is 解析：表示某人拥有某物, 主语 John 为第三人称单数, 故填 has got; 表示某地存在某物可以用 there be 句型，单数名词前用 There is。
3. There is; There are 解析：表示某地存在某物可以用 there be 句型, a big classroom 前用 There is, fifty children 前用 There are。
4. have got; There is 解析：表示某人拥有某物, 主语为第一、二人称单数及复数时用 have got；表示某地存在某物用 there be 句型，根据就近原则, a bed为单数, 前面用 There is。
5. has got; There are 解析：表示某人拥有某物, 主语 My uncle 为第三人称单数, 故用 has got;表示某地存在某物可以用 there be 句型, lots of animals 是复数, 前用 There are。
[语法10]
1. sixty 解析：一小时中有60分钟。
2. four 解析：一年中有4个季节。
3. seven 解析：一周中有7天。
4. twelve 解析：一年中有12个月。
5. twenty- four 解析：一天中有24小时。
[语法11]
1. run 2. play 3. do 4. dance 5. ride
解析：can 是情态动词，其后加动词原形。
[语法12]
1. good; well 2. well; good 3. happily; happy
4. happy; happily 5. slow 6. slowly
7. beautiful 8. beautifully
解析：形容词主要修饰名词，一般位于名词前，副词一般修饰动词，位于动词后。
[语法13]
1. B 解析：由答语“I can teach you.”可知“我不会说英语”，故选 B。
2. B 解析：由前句“ It's too dark.”可知应该是看不见，故选B。
3. C 解析：can 后加动词原形, 故选 C。
4. B 解析：由“ at all”可知该句应是否定句, C 选项不符合句子结构，故选 B。
5. A 解析：(can t后加动词原形，故选 A。
[语法14]
一、1. helps 2. runs 3. doesn't
解析：My friend、Grandma、Tom 均为第三人称单数，其后动词用第三人称单数形式。
4. is 解析：This dog是单数, 其后 be 动词用 is。
5. are 解析：Lily and Lucy 相当于复数, 其后 be 动词用 are。
6. like; likes 解析：We 是复数, 其后动词用原形，Tiantian 是第三人称单数，其后动词用第三人称单数形式。
二、1. B 2. C 3. A 4. C
解析：Tongtong、Class、She、Mother是第三人称单数，其后动词用第三人称单数形式。
[语法15]
1. B解析：由问句可知是在询问时间，故选B。
2. C解析：由答语可知只是个粗略的时间，要用 when 提问, 故选 C。
3. B 解析：由答语可知是具体的时间，要用 what time 提问, 故选 B。
[语法16]
[语法17]
1. sad 解析：根据上一句句意“我的爷爷生病了”, 可知“我”很难过, 故填 sad。
2. tired 解析：根据上一句句意“我干了一上午家务”, 可知“我”感觉很劳累, 故填 tried。
3. angry 解析：根据上一句句意“ Sam和他的朋友吵架了”，可知现在他很生气，故填 angry。
4. bored 解析：根据句意“ Lily伤了她的腿, 不能和朋友们去游泳”，可知她感觉很无聊，故填 bored。
5. hungry; smell 解析：由语境可知“我”饿了, 闻到了面条汤的香味, 故填 hungry 和 smell。
6. happy 解析：根据上一句句意“妈妈昨天给我买了一条短裤”，可知“我”感觉很开心，故填 happy。
[语法18]
1. won; feels 解析：由 last Sunday 和 now 可知前句是一般过去时，后句是一般现在时，故第一空填 won, 第二空填 feels。
2. goes 解析：由 often 可知该句是一般现在时, Judy's uncle 是第三人称单数, 故填 goes。
3. walk 解析：由 every day可知该句是一般现在时, The twins是复数, 其后动词用原形。
4. told 解析：由 last night 可知该句是一般过去时, 动词 tell 用过去式, 故填 told。
5. snows 解析：由 often可知该句是一般现在时, It 是第三人称单数, 故填 snows。
6. took 解析：由 went可知该句是一般过去时, and 前后动词时态保持一致, 故填 took。
7. played 解析：由 the day before yesterday 可知该句是一般过去时，动词要用过去式，故填 played。
8. sang; danced 解析：由 last week可知该句是一般过去时，动词要用过去式，故填 sang和 danced。
9. watched 解析：由 last Saturday 可知该句是一般过去时，动词要用过去式，故填 watched。
10. saw 解析：由 last Monday 可知该句是一般过去时，动词要用过去式，故填 saw。
[语法19]
1. C 2. B
解析：由答语可知是在询问地点，要用特殊疑问词 where。
3. C解析：由句子结构可知缺少特殊疑问词和 be 动词, 故选C。
4. A 解析：shoes是复数名词, 故选 A。
5. A解析：由问句可知是询问对方去哪里了，答语回答地点，且该句是过去时，故选 A。
[语法20]
1. B 解析：否定祈使句: Don't+动词原形(+其他).,故选 B。
2. A解析：肯定祈使句：动词原形(+其他).，在句首或句末加 please，表示客气或礼貌，故选 A。
3. B 解析：Let's 后接动词原形, 故选 B。
4. C 解析：let us = let's 意为“让我们”, 故选 C。
5. B 解析：此句意为“禁止在课堂上睡觉。”否定祈使句: Don't+动词原形(+其他)., 故选 B。
6. A解析：肯定祈使句：动词原形(+其他).，在句末加 please, 表示礼貌, 故选 A。
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