2025外研版高中英语选择性必修第二册强化练习题--Unit 5—Unit 6（含答案与解析）
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| 名称 | 2025外研版高中英语选择性必修第二册强化练习题--Unit 5—Unit 6（含答案与解析） |  | |
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2025外研版高中英语选择性必修第二册
Unit 5—Unit 6
全卷满分150分 考试用时120分钟
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What are the speakers probably doing
A.Taking a walk. B.Making a film. C.Adjusting a camera.
2.When will the man get to the station by car
A.At 8:30 am. B.At 8:45 am. C.At 9:00 am.
3.What are the speakers mainly talking about
A.Tips on making cake.
B.Some different kinds of cake.
C.What Americans have for breakfast.
4.Where does this conversation take place
A.In a hotel. B.In a restaurant. C.In a supermarket.
5.What does the man probably want to do
A.Do some exercise.
B.Get an extra key.
C.Order room service.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6.What's wrong with the woman's room
A.It's a little dark. B.It's not quiet. C.It's smelly.
7.What is the woman's final decision
A.Moving to another room.
B.Checking into another hotel.
C.Waiting for a non-smoking room.
听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。
8.What is the woman
A.A doctor. B.A nurse. C.A saleswoman.
9.What is wrong with the man
A.He has a bad cough.
B.He has a slight headache.
C.He has an upset stomach.
10.Where is the man going next
A.To the toilet.
B.To the waiting room.
C.To the doctor's room.
听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。
11.What is the woman's concern about the man
A.His idea of honesty.
B.His explanation for the basics.
C.His absence from classes.
12.What does the woman suggest the man do
A.Memorize some tricks. B.Join a history club.
C.Read up on some books.
13.What's the probable relationship between the speakers
A.Classmates. B.Mother and son. C.Teacher and student.
听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。
14.Why is the woman listening to books while exercising
A.Multitasking saves time.
B.She hates listening to music.
C.It adds enjoyment to exercise.
15.What can we say about the man
A.He admires the woman.
B.He likes making fun of others.
C.He is good at time management.
16.What does the woman say about texting while driving
A.It is impolite. B.It is illegal. C.It is acceptable.
17.What will the woman talk about next
A.Behaving well. B.Being efficient. C.Striking a balance.
听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。
18.What do we know about the restaurant
A.It doesn't have a menu. B.It is located in Italy.
C.It lets guests make pizza.
19.What pizza is the most popular
A.The seafood pizza.
B.The spicy sausage pizza.
C.The black pepper beef pizza.
20.What does the speaker finally remind the listeners to do
A.Try some new drinks.
B.Raise their hand for pizza.
C.Save room in their stomach for dessert.
第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Elephant Conservation
Country:Thailand
This is a working vacation at a wildlife centre. Anyone can become a volunteer if he/she agrees to help the elephant keepers with tasks.
Daily tasks
Collect the elephants at 6:30 a.m. Take them to look for food in the forest. Clean the enclosure. Swim with the elephants in the lake in the afternoon. If volunteers want to relax after work, they can watch satellite television.
How this vacation helps
If these elephants hadn't been rescued, they would still be living on the streets of Bangkok. A rural environment is much better for them than an urban environment where there is lots of pollution.
Gorilla(大猩猩) Safari
Countries:Kenya, Rwanda, Uganda
Departures:Aug.-Dec., 2-3 departures per month
Extras:￡220 for each gorilla permit
If you're lucky, you'll see lions, elephants and rhinos(犀牛) during this safari. The highlight of the trip is the opportunity to see gorillas in the mountain forests. However, you must be in good health—if a gorilla caught a cold, it would be extremely harmful to its whole family.
How this vacation helps
There are only about 600 mountain gorillas left in the world as human activity has reduced the area where they can live. When you buy a permit, this will pay for the protection of the national park.
Polar Bear Watching
Country:Canada
Departures:sixty trips between Oct. 1 and Nov. 19
Every October and November, groups of polar bears gather in Hudson Bay. As they are normally lonely creatures, this is unusual. The bears wait for the ocean to freeze so they can hunt seals, so this is the perfect opportunity to see them.
How this vacation helps
If the Arctic ice cap melts due to global warming, polar bears will be in danger. We give a share of our profits to the charity that protects polar bears.
Your comment
These awesome bears get all the liquid they need from their food.
21.What will an elephant volunteer do
A.Take food for elephants at 6:30 a.m.
B.Sweep the houses of elephants.
C.Wash elephants in the lake in the afternoon.
D.Watch television programmes on elephants.
22.What do we know about Gorilla Safari
A.You can find gorillas in Kenya and Canada.
B.You might get a cold in the mountain forests.
C.Visitors need to pay $220 to see 600 gorillas.
D.There are about 10 trips to visit gorillas.
23.What can we know from the last paragraph
A.Polar bears don't need to drink water.
B.Polar bears store the liquid in their food.
C.Polar bears drink all kinds of liquid.
D.Polar bears eat mainly liquid food.
B
Thirty-five years ago, with just one acre of land, a couple of seeds and a bucket of hope, one Nigerian-born scientist began his mission to defeat famine (饥荒) on his continent.
News of the drought across Africa in the early 1980s troubled Nzamujo. Equipped with a microbiology PhD and his faith, he travelled back to Africa. There, he found a continent ecologically rich, diverse and capable of producing food. He believed drought wasn't the only reason for widespread hunger, and that sustainability had been left out.
Nzamujo began designing a “zero waste” agricultural system that would not only increase food security, but also help the environment and create jobs. In 1985, he started his sustainable farm “Songhai” in the West African country of Benin.
Nzamujo lives on the farm and constantly updates his techniques. He credits his degrees in science and engineering with Songhai's success. But he also thanks his spiritual and cultural roots, and his father—a driving force in his life who encouraged him to pursue his studies to the highest degree and to use Songhai to share his knowledge.
Songhai has several “eco-literacy” development programs. They range from 18-month training courses for farmer-enterprisers, to shorter stays to learn techniques like weeding. People come from all over the world to study Nzamujo's methods.
After seeing success on his first zero waste farm, he expanded throughout Benin and western Africa. Today, the Songhai model is applied across the continent, including Nigeria, Uganda, Sierra Leone and Liberia. Nzamujo says they've trained more than 7,000 farmer-enterprisers and more than 30,000 people in total since it began.
Nzamujo believes zero waste agriculture is now steadily tackling the issues he set out to defeat—hunger, unemployment and environmental decline. And he wants to see it go further.
24.Which factor related to famine was unnoticed in Nzamujo's eyes
A.Poor soil. B.Water shortage.
C.Lack of resources. D.Unsustainability.
25.What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 3
A.Introduce a solution.
B.Give examples to the readers.
C.Add some background information.
D.Summarize the previous paragraphs.
26.How does Songhai help to ease the problem of famine
A.By offering land. B.By trading seeds.
C.By educating farmers. D.By selling technology.
27.Which of the following best describes Nzamujo
A.Critical and careful. B.Learned and responsible.
C.Optimistic and generous. D.Considerate and ambitious.
C
This fall, students at the University of Massachusetts found a new menu at their commons(食堂): the “diet for a cooler planet” menu. This meant herb-roasted lamb, raised with a carbon-friendly approach. It included sweet potatoes that had been picked from a local farm's field post-harvest. The options were plant-heavy, locally grown, and involved little to no packaging.
“We wanted to let students participate in climate action by making choices about their food,” says Kathy Wicks, sustainability director for UMass Dining. The university is not alone in this effort. Increasingly, American consumers and institutions are thinking about how their food choices factor into climate change. For many, small choices at the grocery store, dining hall, and restaurant can feel more accessible than big-ticket options like buying a fuel-efficient car or installing home solar panels.
Small changes in dietary habits may make a big difference. Climate activists often target fossil fuels and transportation systems, but studies point to the food system as a significant contributor to global warming. According to Project Drawdown, a research organization that evaluates climate solutions, the way food is grown, transported, and consumed accounts for about a quarter of the world's greenhouse gas emissions. Beef is a regular target. “If, on average, Americans cut a quarter pound of beef per week from their diet, it's like taking 10 million cars off the road a year,” says Sujatha Bergen, director of health campaigns for the Natural Resources Defense Council. Food waste ranks third among climate solutions. While much waste occurs before consumers are involved—food is left on the field or thrown away because it does not fit appearance standards, Americans also throw out a lot of food they have purchased: about $1, 600 worth a year per family of four.
“People are beginning to understand that their food choices make a big impact on climate,” says Megan Larmer, director of regional food at the Glynwood Center for Regional Food and Farming in New York. But, she cautions that substantial change will need to come from the whole food system.
28. Why did the University of Massachusetts adopt the new menu
A.To promote low-carbon awareness.
B.To reduce the cost of food packaging.
C.To popularize the plant-heavy diet.
D.To market the local-farming products.
29. What can be inferred from Paragraph 2
A.Food choices matter much to climate change.
B.Food is a decisive factor in global warming.
C.Universities are working together in climate action.
D.Fuel-efficient cars are not affordable for consumers.
30. What does Sujatha Bergen say about beef
A.It is popular among millions of car drivers.
B.It has a great influence on carbon reduction.
C.It plays a significant role in American diet.
D.It accounts for a quarter of the greenhouse gas emissions.
31. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text
A.Global Warming: A Disastrous Threat
B.Low-Carbon Diet: A Craze, or More
C.Carbon Emission: A Killer, or Healer
D.Food System Reform: A Successful Trial
D
Poaching (偷猎) is a major cause of decline of the elephants' population, with a total decrease to about 415,000, according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature.
The research team found that poaching occurred more frequently in Central Africa and near the Mozambique-Tanzania border. In recent years, Garamba National Park, in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, saw more than 860 elephants die at the hands of poachers, and the Selous Game Reserve, in Tanzania, more than 750. Researchers discovered that the household wealth of those surrounding areas was relatively low and they hold mid-level health.
Researchers said, “Illegal killings are driven by criminal networks who recruit poachers rather than by opportunistic hunters. When a lot of Africa's national parks were established, people were often forced to be evicted from the land that was now designated as a protected area. Local people who had been lived on hunting suddenly became described as poachers.”
People living within about five miles of wildlife protected areas in Tanzania also reported losing up to half their income. A local survey showed the destruction of their crops by elephants and killings of their livestock by lions. Someone added, “If you're closest to the park, you really do suffer more cost than benefit of the protected area.”
Researchers also noted, “When local communities enjoy the benefits of conservation, it will reduce incentives (诱因) to poach. When governments ensure that local communities are not subject to carrying the burden of the costs associated with this wildlife, they will have more access to income-generating opportunities that can help to lift communities out of poverty.”
Conservationists have to think creatively, carrying out strategies such as reducing demand in ivory-consuming countries, improving educational standards and medical facilities, and increasing support for wildlife rangers. “When we are looking to protect wildlife, we can't do that without thinking about the well-being of people,” researchers said.
32.What do the numbers in Paragraph 2 imply
A.Elephants mainly appear in Africa.
B.Poachers have found the track of elephants.
C.Elephants in Africa are facing the threat of poaching.
D.Elephants living in the protected area are facing a decline.
33.What does the underlined phrase “be evicted from” in Paragraph 3 mean
A.Leave. B.Return to. C.Wander. D.Seek.
34. What do we know according to the passage
A.Elephant poaching is likely driven by greed, not need.
B.Wildlife protection has nothing to do with people's well-being.
C.People living close to the wildlife reserve didn't lose any income.
D.People in the near areas of the wildlife reserve are relatively not wealthy.
35.Where is this passage most probably taken from
A.A health column. B.A news story.
C.A book review. D.A travel brochure.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Carbon dioxide is released when oil, coal, and other fossil fuels are burned for energy—the energy we use to power our homes, cars, and smartphones. By using less of them, we can limit our own contribution to climate change while also saving money. 36 .
Buy energy-efficient appliances
Since they were first set in 1987, efficiency standards for dozens of appliances and products have kept 2.3 billion tons of carbon dioxide out of the air. That's about the same amount as the yearly carbon pollution created by nearly 440 million cars. When shopping for refrigerators, washing machines, and other appliances, look for the Energy Star label. 37 .
Reduce water waste
Saving water reduces carbon pollution, too. That's because it takes a lot of energy to pump, heat, and treat your water. 38 . Turn off the tap while brushing your teeth. And switch to water-efficient equipment. If one out of every 100 American homes did this, about 100 million kilowatt-hours of electricity per year would be saved, avoiding 80,000 tons of global warming pollution.
39
Gas-smart cars, such as hybrids(混合动力汽车) and fully electric cars, save fuel and money. And once all cars and light trucks meet 2025's clean car standards, which means averaging 54.5 miles per gallon, they'll be a mainstay(支柱). For good reason: Compared with the 2011 standards, Americans will spend $80 billion less at the gas station each year and cut their emissions by half. Before you buy a new set of wheels, compare fuel-economy performance.
Rethink planes, trains, and cars
Choosing to live in walkable smart-growth cities and towns with quality public transportation leads to less driving, less money spent on fuel, and less pollution in the air.
40 . Air transport is a major source of climate pollution. If you can take a train instead, do that.
A.So take shorter showers
B.Drive a fuel-efficient car
C.Cut down on your water consumption completely
D.It will tell you which are the most efficient
E.Change only happens when individuals take action
F.Less frequent flying can make a big difference, too
G.Here are some effective ways that each one of us can make a difference
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One pet parrot (鹦鹉) Louie managed to save a Tennessee family. The family were woken up by the bird's repeated and 41 cries. “If it hadn't been for him, I probably would have been sleeping during the disaster,” Barbara Klein recently told a news agency. “Louie is a 42 hero. He started shouting ‘Fire’. He had never said that 43 before.”
When they woke up, they were shocked to find the 44 had spread across the rooms of the house. Barbara immediately carried her 5-year-old granddaughter and 45 out of the house. But her husband Larry 46 escaped, and then was sent to hospital for the 47 . “Larry ran to the kitchen and was trying to 48 the fire with water,” Barbara said. “Later he ran back into the house to try to 49 our pets and his grandfather's guitar. He kept saying he couldn't breathe and I was shouting at him to 50 the house. I quickly told him to get down and he crawled out.” Barbara said her husband had to 51 in hospital while doctors tried to cure him so that he was able to attend the sixth 52 party of his cute granddaughter.
Although there was nothing left in their home, the family received support from a large number of 53 people. 54 , Louie didn't survive with them. However, to everyone's relief, a generous person provided a flat to the family and 55 a new baby parrot to the family. They called him Louie Jr.
41.A.sweet B.noisy C.soft D.lovely
42.A.great B.new C.true D.good
43.A.word B.signal C.sound D.voice
44.A.news B.cries C.fire D.smoke
45.A.drove B.jumped C.walked D.ran
46.A.ultimately B.narrowly C.constantly D.apparently
47.A.death B.hurt C.injuries D.burns
48.A.put out B.pick up C.take down D.look over
49.A.meet B.rescue C.hide D.check
50.A.enter B.protect C.leave D.repair
51.A.work B.wait C.live D.stay
52.A.birthday B.wedding C.dancing D.holiday
53.A.normal B.gentle C.kind D.rich
54.A.Unluckily B.Definitely
C.Eventually D.Gradually
55.A.borrowed B.presented
C.lent D.obtained
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The world's oceans reached their hottest level in recorded history in 2020, supercharging (加剧) extreme weather impacts of climate events, scientists have reported. They found that the five hottest recorded years in the oceans 56 (occur) since 2015, and that the rate of heating since 1986 was eight times higher than 57 from 1960-1985. Oceans cover 71% of the planet and water can absorb thousands of times more heat than air, 58 is why 93% of global heating is taken up by the sea.
Hotter oceans destroy rainfall patterns, which 59 (lead) to floods, droughts and wildfires. Heat also causes sea water 60 (expand) and drives up sea level. Scientists expect about one metre of the sea level rise by the end of the century, 61 (threaten) 150 million people. Higher temperatures in the sea are also harming marine (海洋的) life, with 62 number of ocean heatwaves increasing 63 (sharp).
The study also finds that the sinking of surface waters and upwelling of deeper water is reducing as the sea heats up. This means the surface layers heat up even further and fewer nutrients for marine life are brought up from the 64 (deep).
“The oceans reached yet another new record level of warmth in 2020, 65 a record drop in global carbon emissions (排放). The planet will continue to warm up as long as we emit carbon into the atmosphere,” said Prof Michael Mann of the Penn State.
56. 57. 58. 59. 60.
61. 62. 63. 64. 65.
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
最近,你班同学就“太空是否值得探索”这一话题展开了一场讨论。请你根据下面提供的信息,用英语写一篇短文介绍讨论的情况。内容包括:
1.30%的同学认为太空不值得探索;
2.70%的同学认为太空值得探索。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
Recently, students in our class have had a discussion on whether space is worth exploring.
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Maria and Peter lived in a coastal city. The greatest pleasure in summer for them was to swim at their local beach after school. But one day they started to lose their enthusiasm for swimming in the water. More often than not, they would find plastic bags thrown on the beach. Worse still, as they swam in the water, some plastic bags would float around them and even stick to their legs when they walked to the shore.
They were upset and decided something needed to be done to stop the beautiful sea becoming consumed by waste. One weekend, Maria and Peter brought a big bag to the beach and determined to clean it up. Sweat streamed down from their forehead while they bent down and picked up the plastic bags. To their disappointment, after a day's hard work, there were still many plastic bags lying on the beach or floating in the water. Going home with aching legs and arms, Maria and Peter were almost defeated by a strong sense of failure.
That night over dinner with their parents, the pair ate silently. Noticing their low spirits, Mother asked gently, “You two looked so down. What happened ” Exchanging glances with Peter, Maria replied in a low voice, “It's those annoying plastic bags. We tried to clean them up but it was just impossible.” Understanding the pair's disappointment, their father patted them on the back and comforted, “Well, it's really hard for just two of you to fix such a big problem.” “Just two of us,” complained Maria and Peter, looking at each other. Suddenly, an idea occurred to them, their eyes shining with excitement. “Yes, that's the point! We should make more people aware of the problem and encourage them to take action!” the pair said in chorus.
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
Quickly finishing their dinner, the pair went upstairs and started planning.
Excited and nervous, they posted the video and article online.
答案与分层梯度式解析Unit 5—Unit 6
1.B 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.A 6.B 7.A 8.B
9.C 10.A 11.C 12.B 13.C 14.A 15.A 16.B
17.B 18.A 19.C 20.C 21.B 22.D 23.A 24.D
25.A 26.C 27.B 28.A 29.A 30.B 31.B 32.C
33.A 34.D 35.B 36.G 37.D 38.A 39.B 40.F
41.B 42.C 43.A 44.C 45.D 46.B 47.D 48.A
49.B 50.C 51.D 52.A 53.C 54.A 55.B
56.had occurred 57.that 58.which 59.leads 60.to expand 61.threatening 62.the 63.sharply 64.depths 65.despite
第二部分 阅读
第一节
A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。文章针对几个保护野生动物的活动做了简单的介绍。
21.B 细节理解题。根据Elephant Conservation中的“Clean the enclosure.”可知,志愿者要负责清理大象的住所。
22.D 细节理解题。根据Gorilla(大猩猩) Safari中的“Aug.-Dec., 2-3 departures per month”可知从8月到12月,每月有2到3次的行程可以去观赏大猩猩,总共大约有10次。
23.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知,北极熊不需要喝水,它所需要的液体都是从食物中获得的。
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了学识渊博且有责任心的Nzamujo博士回到非洲,设计“零浪费”农业系统,创立Songhai农场,帮助那里的人们缓解饥荒问题。
24.D 细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句可知,在Nzamujo看来,可持续性是被人们忽略了的造成饥荒的一个原因,换句话说,人们没有注意到农业的不可持续性问题。故选D。
25.A 推理判断题。根据第三段的内容可知,Nzamujo开始设计一个“零浪费”农业系统,这不仅将提高粮食安全,而且有助于保护环境和创造就业机会。1985年,他在西非国家贝宁开办了他的可持续农场Songhai。由此可知,第三段介绍了Nzamujo的解决方案,即“零浪费”农业系统。故选A。
26.C 细节理解题。根据第五段的内容可知,Songhai有几个“生态素养”发展项目。它们为农民企业家提供的既有18个月的培训课程,也有在短期内学习除草等技术的项目。由此可知,Songhai通过培训农民来帮助缓解饥荒问题。故选C。
27.B 推理判断题。根据第二段的第一、二句可知,获得微生物学博士学位的Nzamujo得知非洲人民遭受饥荒时,带着自己的知识和信仰回到非洲,去帮助那里的人们。由此推知,Nzamujo不但学识渊博而且有责任心。故选B。
C
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了人们可以通过选择低碳食物对气候变化做出贡献。
28.A 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“We wanted to let students participate in climate action by making choices about their food (我们想让学生们通过选择他们的食物来参与气候行动)”可推知,马萨诸塞大学推出新菜单的目的是让学生参与气候行动,提高学生的低碳生活意识。故选A。
29.A 推理判断题。第二段第三、四句提到越来越多的美国消费者和机构开始考虑他们的食物选择如何影响气候变化;对许多人来说,在杂货店、食堂和餐馆做出的小选择比购买节能型汽车或安装家用太阳能电池板等大手笔的选择更容易实现。由此可知,食物选择影响气候变化,比起节能汽车等昂贵的物品,食物选择是人们更容易做到的。由此可推知,食物选择对气候变化意义重大。故选A。
30.B 推理判断题。根据第三段中Sujatha Bergen说的话“If, on average, Americans...off the road a year (平均而言,如果美国人每周从他们的饮食中减少四分之一磅的牛肉,那就相当于每年路上减少一千万辆汽车)”可推知,Sujatha Bergen认为牛肉对减少碳排放量有很大的影响。故选B。
31.B 主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其是根据第三段前两句和最后一段中的“People are beginning to understand that their food choices make a big impact on climate (人们开始意识到他们的食物选择对气候有很大的影响)”可知,文章主要介绍了人们可以通过选择低碳食物对气候变化做出贡献。B项 (低碳饮食:是一种狂热,还是有更多意义 )符合文章主旨,适合作文章标题,故选B。
D
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章介绍了猎杀大象可能是由需求驱动的,而不是贪婪造成的。
32.C 细节理解题。根据文章第二段前两句可知,第二段中的数字表明在非洲大象正经受着偷猎的威胁。故选C。
33.A 词义猜测题。结合第三段的内容可知非洲建立大量国家公园产生了许多问题,当地人的家园被列成了保护区,他们就不能在那里居住了,只能被迫离开。根据画线词组所在句尤其是其中的forced可推测此处说的是人们被迫离开,则画线词组表示“离开”,A项符合语境,故选A。B.返回;C.徘徊,游荡;D.寻找。
34.D 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知,在保护区周围地区的家庭财富相对较低,所以他们相对不富裕,故选D。D项中的“relatively not wealthy”与第二段中的“wealth...was relatively low”是同义表达。
35.B 推理判断题。通读全文可知,文章介绍的是非法猎杀对大象数量的影响,并指出偷猎在中非和莫桑比克-坦桑尼亚交界附近发生得更为频繁,同时也分析了造成这种现象的原因,因此推测本文来自一则新闻报道。故选B。A.健康专栏;C.书评;D.旅游手册。
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了一些可以减少碳排放的有效方法。
36.G 上文提到通过使用更少的燃料,我们可以限制自己对气候变化的加剧作用。后文提出了一些可以减少碳排放的方法,故G项“这里是一些我们每个人都能有所作为的有效方法”符合语境。
37.D 上文提到在购买冰箱、洗衣机和其他电器时,寻找有“能源之星”标签的商品,本句承接上文继续说明原因:“能源之星”标签会告诉你哪些电器是效率最高的。D项中It指代上文的“the Energy Star label”。
38.A 本段建议节约用水,且本句与后文并列,都是在列举生活中节约用水的具体例子,故A项“所以淋浴时间更短一些”符合语境。
39.B 根据本段内容可知,本段的建议是驾驶省油型汽车。故B项“开省油的车”符合语境。
40.F 后文提到航空运输是气候污染的一个主要来源。故建议少乘坐飞机,F项“不经常乘飞机也会起到很大的作用”符合语境。
第三部分 语言应用
第一节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一只鹦鹉成功拯救了田纳西州的一家人,使他们在火灾中幸免于难的故事。
41.B 句意:这家人被这只鸟反复聒噪的叫声吵醒了。A.悦耳的;B.聒噪的;C.柔和的;D.可爱的。根据设空处所在句“The family were woken up by the bird's repeated and 41 cries.”和下文中的“He started shouting ‘Fire’.”及本段介绍的如果没有这只鸟,他们在火灾中就不会醒来可知,这家人被这只鸟反复的叫声吵醒了。结合选项可知只有B项的感彩与语境相符,故选B。
42.C 根据本段第一句及“If it hadn't been for him, I probably would have been sleeping during the disaster.”可知,这只鹦鹉拯救了一个家庭,因此芭芭拉说它是真正的英雄。A.伟大的;B.新的;C.真正的;D.好的。故选C。
43.A 根据上文“He started shouting ‘Fire’.”可知,这只鹦鹉喊出了它以前没有说过的“Fire(着火)”这个词。A.单词;B.信号;C.声音;D.嗓音。“Fire”是个单词,故选A。
44.C 句意:当他们醒来时,他们震惊地发现火已经蔓延到房子的各个房间。A.新闻;B.叫声;C.火,火灾;D.烟雾。根据上一段中的“He started shouting ‘Fire’.”可知,房子着火了,故选C。
45.D 句意:芭芭拉立即带着她5岁的孙女跑出了房子。根据“When they woke up, they were shocked to find the fire had spread across the rooms of the house.”可知,火灾情况危急,芭芭拉抱着孙女跑出去了。A.驾驶;B.跳;C.步行;D.跑。故选D。
46.B 句意:但她的丈夫拉里差点没逃脱,然后因烧伤被送往医院。根据本段中的“Barbara immediately carried...But her husband Larry...was sent to hospital”尤其是空前的But可知,芭芭拉带着孙女跑出了房子,而她的丈夫勉强逃生,并被送往了医院。A.最终;B.勉强地;C.持续地;D.明显。narrowly escape为固定搭配,意为“勉强逃生”,故选B。
47.D 句意同上。根据文章第一段提到的火灾以及前文“was sent to hospital”可知,此处指芭芭拉的丈夫因为烧伤而被送往了医院。A.死亡;B.心灵创伤;C.受伤;D.烧伤。故选D。
48.A 句意:拉里跑到厨房,试图用水灭火……。根据“with water”可知,此处指用水把火扑灭。A.扑灭;B.捡起;C.记下;D.检查。故选A。
49.B 根据上文“Larry ran to the kitchen and was trying to put out the fire with water”可知,他是想回到房子里把火扑灭,救出宠物和他祖父的吉他。A.遇见;B.营救;C.隐藏;D.检查。故选B。
50.C 根据“He kept saying he couldn't breathe and I was shouting at him to”可知,他的处境危险,所以芭芭拉让他赶紧离开着火的房子。A.进入;B.保护;C.离开;D.修复。故选C。
51.D 句意:芭芭拉说,她的丈夫不得不留在医院,而医生试图治愈他,以便他能够参加他可爱的孙女的六岁生日派对。根据下文“while doctors tried to cure him”可知,他不得不留在医院接受医生的治疗。A.工作;B.等待;C.生活;D.停留。故选D。
52.A 句意同上。A.生日;B.婚礼;C.舞蹈,跳舞;D.节日。根据“he was able to attend the sixth 52 party of his cute granddaughter”及文章第二段中的“Barbara immediately carried her 5-year-old granddaughter”可知,他们的孙女现在五岁,结合空前的sixth和空后的party推测他们的孙女即将过六岁生日了,他在医院接受治疗是为了能够参加孙女六岁的生日派对,故选A。
53.C 句意:虽然家里一无所剩,但这家人得到了许多好心人的支持。根据上文“the family received support from a large number of”及“Although”可知,他们虽然失去了很多,但得到了很多好心人的支持。A.正常的;B.温柔的;C.好心的;D.富有的。故选C。
54.A 句意:不幸的是,路易没有和他们一起幸存下来。根据下文“Louie didn't survive with them”可知,路易没有活下来,这是不幸的。A.不幸地;B.肯定地;C.最终;D.逐渐。故选A。
55.B 句意:然而,令大家松了一口气的是,一个慷慨的人为这家人提供了一套公寓,并赠送了他们一家一只新的小鹦鹉。根据上文“a generous person provided a flat to the family and”可知,小鹦鹉是慷慨的人送的。A.借用;B.赠送;C.借给;D.获得。故选B。
第二节
◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了全球海平面上升的现状和其所带来的危害。
56.had occurred 考查时态。句意:他们发现,海洋有记录以来最热的5年发生在2015年之后,1986年以来的升温速度为1960-1985年的8倍。根据主句中的found可知that引导的宾语从句也应用过去的某种时态,再结合句中的since 2015可知应用过去完成时。故填had occurred。
57.that 考查代词。句意同上。此处是并列成分(名词短语the rate of heating since 1986和the rate of heating from 1960-1985)之间的比较,than后用that代替名词短语the rate of heating。故填that。
58.which 考查定语从句。句意:海洋覆盖了地球的71%,水可以吸收的热量是空气的数千倍,这就是为什么全球93%的热量都被海洋吸收了。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,指代前面整个主句,故填which。
59.leads 考查时态和主谓一致。which引导非限制性定语从句,在从句中作主语,先行词是前面整个主句,故谓语用单数形式;从句表述客观真理,用一般现在时。故填leads。
60.to expand 考查动词不定式。cause sb./sth. to do sth.是固定用法,意为“导致某人/某物做某事”。故填to expand。
61.threatening 考查现在分词。本句已有谓语,空处用非谓语动词形式;the sea level rise与threaten之间是主动关系,故用现在分词作后置定语。故填threatening。
62.the 考查冠词。句意:因为海洋热浪的数量急剧增加,更高的海洋温度也在伤害海洋生物。此处表示“……的数量”,用固定搭配the number of。故填the。
63.sharply 考查副词。句意同上。设空处修饰increasing,应用副词作状语。故填sharply。
64.depths 考查名词。设空处作介词 from的宾语,再结合空前的the可知设空处用名词;根据提示词和语境可知此处表示“海洋深处”,空处填表示“最深处”的词,故用名词depth。the depths of the ocean表示“海洋深处”,此处省略了“of the ocean”,故用depth的复数形式depths。
65.despite 考查介词。句意:2020年,尽管全球碳排放量出现了创纪录的下降,但海洋温度又达到了创纪录的水平。空处表示“尽管”,后接名词短语,故填despite。
第四部分 写作
第一节
One possible version:
Recently, students in our class have had a discussion on whether space is worth exploring. 30% of the students think space exploration is not worthwhile. They think space is too far away from our daily life. And the money spent on space exploration can be used to solve the earth's problems such as starvation and pollution. On the other hand, 70% think space is worth exploring because we have benefited a lot from it, such as using satellites for communication and the weather forecast. What's more, with further space research, we may solve the population problem by moving to other planets one day.
第二节
One possible version:
Quickly finishing their dinner, the pair went upstairs and started planning. They decided to take advantage of the Internet. “Maybe we can write an article to arouse people's awareness,” Maria proposed. “Good idea! We can also make a video!” Peter added. The next few hours witnessed their heated discussion and growing confidence in a clean and beautiful coast. The next day, they went to the beach and filmed a short video showing plastic bags lying on the beach and floating in the sea. Peter, who was good at writing, wrote an article talking about the present situation of the beach and asking people to take part in the clean-up.
Excited and nervous, they posted the video and article online. To their amazement, their post went viral online immediately. Countless comments flooded in saying how heartbroken they were when seeing the polluted beach and ocean. What amazed Maria and Peter more was that numerous people in their community, encouraged by their efforts, offered to join in their clean-up. More and more people came to the beach to collect plastic bags and they also appealed to others to avoid throwing or using plastic bags. A year later, with their joint and continuous effort, the coast regained its beauty and Maria and Peter regained their long-awaited pleasure.
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2025外研版高中英语选择性必修第二册
Unit 5—Unit 6
全卷满分150分 考试用时120分钟
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What are the speakers probably doing
A.Taking a walk. B.Making a film. C.Adjusting a camera.
2.When will the man get to the station by car
A.At 8:30 am. B.At 8:45 am. C.At 9:00 am.
3.What are the speakers mainly talking about
A.Tips on making cake.
B.Some different kinds of cake.
C.What Americans have for breakfast.
4.Where does this conversation take place
A.In a hotel. B.In a restaurant. C.In a supermarket.
5.What does the man probably want to do
A.Do some exercise.
B.Get an extra key.
C.Order room service.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6.What's wrong with the woman's room
A.It's a little dark. B.It's not quiet. C.It's smelly.
7.What is the woman's final decision
A.Moving to another room.
B.Checking into another hotel.
C.Waiting for a non-smoking room.
听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。
8.What is the woman
A.A doctor. B.A nurse. C.A saleswoman.
9.What is wrong with the man
A.He has a bad cough.
B.He has a slight headache.
C.He has an upset stomach.
10.Where is the man going next
A.To the toilet.
B.To the waiting room.
C.To the doctor's room.
听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。
11.What is the woman's concern about the man
A.His idea of honesty.
B.His explanation for the basics.
C.His absence from classes.
12.What does the woman suggest the man do
A.Memorize some tricks. B.Join a history club.
C.Read up on some books.
13.What's the probable relationship between the speakers
A.Classmates. B.Mother and son. C.Teacher and student.
听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。
14.Why is the woman listening to books while exercising
A.Multitasking saves time.
B.She hates listening to music.
C.It adds enjoyment to exercise.
15.What can we say about the man
A.He admires the woman.
B.He likes making fun of others.
C.He is good at time management.
16.What does the woman say about texting while driving
A.It is impolite. B.It is illegal. C.It is acceptable.
17.What will the woman talk about next
A.Behaving well. B.Being efficient. C.Striking a balance.
听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。
18.What do we know about the restaurant
A.It doesn't have a menu. B.It is located in Italy.
C.It lets guests make pizza.
19.What pizza is the most popular
A.The seafood pizza.
B.The spicy sausage pizza.
C.The black pepper beef pizza.
20.What does the speaker finally remind the listeners to do
A.Try some new drinks.
B.Raise their hand for pizza.
C.Save room in their stomach for dessert.
第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Elephant Conservation
Country:Thailand
This is a working vacation at a wildlife centre. Anyone can become a volunteer if he/she agrees to help the elephant keepers with tasks.
Daily tasks
Collect the elephants at 6:30 a.m. Take them to look for food in the forest. Clean the enclosure. Swim with the elephants in the lake in the afternoon. If volunteers want to relax after work, they can watch satellite television.
How this vacation helps
If these elephants hadn't been rescued, they would still be living on the streets of Bangkok. A rural environment is much better for them than an urban environment where there is lots of pollution.
Gorilla(大猩猩) Safari
Countries:Kenya, Rwanda, Uganda
Departures:Aug.-Dec., 2-3 departures per month
Extras:￡220 for each gorilla permit
If you're lucky, you'll see lions, elephants and rhinos(犀牛) during this safari. The highlight of the trip is the opportunity to see gorillas in the mountain forests. However, you must be in good health—if a gorilla caught a cold, it would be extremely harmful to its whole family.
How this vacation helps
There are only about 600 mountain gorillas left in the world as human activity has reduced the area where they can live. When you buy a permit, this will pay for the protection of the national park.
Polar Bear Watching
Country:Canada
Departures:sixty trips between Oct. 1 and Nov. 19
Every October and November, groups of polar bears gather in Hudson Bay. As they are normally lonely creatures, this is unusual. The bears wait for the ocean to freeze so they can hunt seals, so this is the perfect opportunity to see them.
How this vacation helps
If the Arctic ice cap melts due to global warming, polar bears will be in danger. We give a share of our profits to the charity that protects polar bears.
Your comment
These awesome bears get all the liquid they need from their food.
21.What will an elephant volunteer do
A.Take food for elephants at 6:30 a.m.
B.Sweep the houses of elephants.
C.Wash elephants in the lake in the afternoon.
D.Watch television programmes on elephants.
22.What do we know about Gorilla Safari
A.You can find gorillas in Kenya and Canada.
B.You might get a cold in the mountain forests.
C.Visitors need to pay $220 to see 600 gorillas.
D.There are about 10 trips to visit gorillas.
23.What can we know from the last paragraph
A.Polar bears don't need to drink water.
B.Polar bears store the liquid in their food.
C.Polar bears drink all kinds of liquid.
D.Polar bears eat mainly liquid food.
B
Thirty-five years ago, with just one acre of land, a couple of seeds and a bucket of hope, one Nigerian-born scientist began his mission to defeat famine (饥荒) on his continent.
News of the drought across Africa in the early 1980s troubled Nzamujo. Equipped with a microbiology PhD and his faith, he travelled back to Africa. There, he found a continent ecologically rich, diverse and capable of producing food. He believed drought wasn't the only reason for widespread hunger, and that sustainability had been left out.
Nzamujo began designing a “zero waste” agricultural system that would not only increase food security, but also help the environment and create jobs. In 1985, he started his sustainable farm “Songhai” in the West African country of Benin.
Nzamujo lives on the farm and constantly updates his techniques. He credits his degrees in science and engineering with Songhai's success. But he also thanks his spiritual and cultural roots, and his father—a driving force in his life who encouraged him to pursue his studies to the highest degree and to use Songhai to share his knowledge.
Songhai has several “eco-literacy” development programs. They range from 18-month training courses for farmer-enterprisers, to shorter stays to learn techniques like weeding. People come from all over the world to study Nzamujo's methods.
After seeing success on his first zero waste farm, he expanded throughout Benin and western Africa. Today, the Songhai model is applied across the continent, including Nigeria, Uganda, Sierra Leone and Liberia. Nzamujo says they've trained more than 7,000 farmer-enterprisers and more than 30,000 people in total since it began.
Nzamujo believes zero waste agriculture is now steadily tackling the issues he set out to defeat—hunger, unemployment and environmental decline. And he wants to see it go further.
24.Which factor related to famine was unnoticed in Nzamujo's eyes
A.Poor soil. B.Water shortage.
C.Lack of resources. D.Unsustainability.
25.What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 3
A.Introduce a solution.
B.Give examples to the readers.
C.Add some background information.
D.Summarize the previous paragraphs.
26.How does Songhai help to ease the problem of famine
A.By offering land. B.By trading seeds.
C.By educating farmers. D.By selling technology.
27.Which of the following best describes Nzamujo
A.Critical and careful. B.Learned and responsible.
C.Optimistic and generous. D.Considerate and ambitious.
C
This fall, students at the University of Massachusetts found a new menu at their commons(食堂): the “diet for a cooler planet” menu. This meant herb-roasted lamb, raised with a carbon-friendly approach. It included sweet potatoes that had been picked from a local farm's field post-harvest. The options were plant-heavy, locally grown, and involved little to no packaging.
“We wanted to let students participate in climate action by making choices about their food,” says Kathy Wicks, sustainability director for UMass Dining. The university is not alone in this effort. Increasingly, American consumers and institutions are thinking about how their food choices factor into climate change. For many, small choices at the grocery store, dining hall, and restaurant can feel more accessible than big-ticket options like buying a fuel-efficient car or installing home solar panels.
Small changes in dietary habits may make a big difference. Climate activists often target fossil fuels and transportation systems, but studies point to the food system as a significant contributor to global warming. According to Project Drawdown, a research organization that evaluates climate solutions, the way food is grown, transported, and consumed accounts for about a quarter of the world's greenhouse gas emissions. Beef is a regular target. “If, on average, Americans cut a quarter pound of beef per week from their diet, it's like taking 10 million cars off the road a year,” says Sujatha Bergen, director of health campaigns for the Natural Resources Defense Council. Food waste ranks third among climate solutions. While much waste occurs before consumers are involved—food is left on the field or thrown away because it does not fit appearance standards, Americans also throw out a lot of food they have purchased: about $1, 600 worth a year per family of four.
“People are beginning to understand that their food choices make a big impact on climate,” says Megan Larmer, director of regional food at the Glynwood Center for Regional Food and Farming in New York. But, she cautions that substantial change will need to come from the whole food system.
28. Why did the University of Massachusetts adopt the new menu
A.To promote low-carbon awareness.
B.To reduce the cost of food packaging.
C.To popularize the plant-heavy diet.
D.To market the local-farming products.
29. What can be inferred from Paragraph 2
A.Food choices matter much to climate change.
B.Food is a decisive factor in global warming.
C.Universities are working together in climate action.
D.Fuel-efficient cars are not affordable for consumers.
30. What does Sujatha Bergen say about beef
A.It is popular among millions of car drivers.
B.It has a great influence on carbon reduction.
C.It plays a significant role in American diet.
D.It accounts for a quarter of the greenhouse gas emissions.
31. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text
A.Global Warming: A Disastrous Threat
B.Low-Carbon Diet: A Craze, or More
C.Carbon Emission: A Killer, or Healer
D.Food System Reform: A Successful Trial
D
Poaching (偷猎) is a major cause of decline of the elephants' population, with a total decrease to about 415,000, according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature.
The research team found that poaching occurred more frequently in Central Africa and near the Mozambique-Tanzania border. In recent years, Garamba National Park, in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, saw more than 860 elephants die at the hands of poachers, and the Selous Game Reserve, in Tanzania, more than 750. Researchers discovered that the household wealth of those surrounding areas was relatively low and they hold mid-level health.
Researchers said, “Illegal killings are driven by criminal networks who recruit poachers rather than by opportunistic hunters. When a lot of Africa's national parks were established, people were often forced to be evicted from the land that was now designated as a protected area. Local people who had been lived on hunting suddenly became described as poachers.”
People living within about five miles of wildlife protected areas in Tanzania also reported losing up to half their income. A local survey showed the destruction of their crops by elephants and killings of their livestock by lions. Someone added, “If you're closest to the park, you really do suffer more cost than benefit of the protected area.”
Researchers also noted, “When local communities enjoy the benefits of conservation, it will reduce incentives (诱因) to poach. When governments ensure that local communities are not subject to carrying the burden of the costs associated with this wildlife, they will have more access to income-generating opportunities that can help to lift communities out of poverty.”
Conservationists have to think creatively, carrying out strategies such as reducing demand in ivory-consuming countries, improving educational standards and medical facilities, and increasing support for wildlife rangers. “When we are looking to protect wildlife, we can't do that without thinking about the well-being of people,” researchers said.
32.What do the numbers in Paragraph 2 imply
A.Elephants mainly appear in Africa.
B.Poachers have found the track of elephants.
C.Elephants in Africa are facing the threat of poaching.
D.Elephants living in the protected area are facing a decline.
33.What does the underlined phrase “be evicted from” in Paragraph 3 mean
A.Leave. B.Return to. C.Wander. D.Seek.
34. What do we know according to the passage
A.Elephant poaching is likely driven by greed, not need.
B.Wildlife protection has nothing to do with people's well-being.
C.People living close to the wildlife reserve didn't lose any income.
D.People in the near areas of the wildlife reserve are relatively not wealthy.
35.Where is this passage most probably taken from
A.A health column. B.A news story.
C.A book review. D.A travel brochure.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Carbon dioxide is released when oil, coal, and other fossil fuels are burned for energy—the energy we use to power our homes, cars, and smartphones. By using less of them, we can limit our own contribution to climate change while also saving money. 36 .
Buy energy-efficient appliances
Since they were first set in 1987, efficiency standards for dozens of appliances and products have kept 2.3 billion tons of carbon dioxide out of the air. That's about the same amount as the yearly carbon pollution created by nearly 440 million cars. When shopping for refrigerators, washing machines, and other appliances, look for the Energy Star label. 37 .
Reduce water waste
Saving water reduces carbon pollution, too. That's because it takes a lot of energy to pump, heat, and treat your water. 38 . Turn off the tap while brushing your teeth. And switch to water-efficient equipment. If one out of every 100 American homes did this, about 100 million kilowatt-hours of electricity per year would be saved, avoiding 80,000 tons of global warming pollution.
39
Gas-smart cars, such as hybrids(混合动力汽车) and fully electric cars, save fuel and money. And once all cars and light trucks meet 2025's clean car standards, which means averaging 54.5 miles per gallon, they'll be a mainstay(支柱). For good reason: Compared with the 2011 standards, Americans will spend $80 billion less at the gas station each year and cut their emissions by half. Before you buy a new set of wheels, compare fuel-economy performance.
Rethink planes, trains, and cars
Choosing to live in walkable smart-growth cities and towns with quality public transportation leads to less driving, less money spent on fuel, and less pollution in the air.
40 . Air transport is a major source of climate pollution. If you can take a train instead, do that.
A.So take shorter showers
B.Drive a fuel-efficient car
C.Cut down on your water consumption completely
D.It will tell you which are the most efficient
E.Change only happens when individuals take action
F.Less frequent flying can make a big difference, too
G.Here are some effective ways that each one of us can make a difference
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One pet parrot (鹦鹉) Louie managed to save a Tennessee family. The family were woken up by the bird's repeated and 41 cries. “If it hadn't been for him, I probably would have been sleeping during the disaster,” Barbara Klein recently told a news agency. “Louie is a 42 hero. He started shouting ‘Fire’. He had never said that 43 before.”
When they woke up, they were shocked to find the 44 had spread across the rooms of the house. Barbara immediately carried her 5-year-old granddaughter and 45 out of the house. But her husband Larry 46 escaped, and then was sent to hospital for the 47 . “Larry ran to the kitchen and was trying to 48 the fire with water,” Barbara said. “Later he ran back into the house to try to 49 our pets and his grandfather's guitar. He kept saying he couldn't breathe and I was shouting at him to 50 the house. I quickly told him to get down and he crawled out.” Barbara said her husband had to 51 in hospital while doctors tried to cure him so that he was able to attend the sixth 52 party of his cute granddaughter.
Although there was nothing left in their home, the family received support from a large number of 53 people. 54 , Louie didn't survive with them. However, to everyone's relief, a generous person provided a flat to the family and 55 a new baby parrot to the family. They called him Louie Jr.
41.A.sweet B.noisy C.soft D.lovely
42.A.great B.new C.true D.good
43.A.word B.signal C.sound D.voice
44.A.news B.cries C.fire D.smoke
45.A.drove B.jumped C.walked D.ran
46.A.ultimately B.narrowly C.constantly D.apparently
47.A.death B.hurt C.injuries D.burns
48.A.put out B.pick up C.take down D.look over
49.A.meet B.rescue C.hide D.check
50.A.enter B.protect C.leave D.repair
51.A.work B.wait C.live D.stay
52.A.birthday B.wedding C.dancing D.holiday
53.A.normal B.gentle C.kind D.rich
54.A.Unluckily B.Definitely
C.Eventually D.Gradually
55.A.borrowed B.presented
C.lent D.obtained
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The world's oceans reached their hottest level in recorded history in 2020, supercharging (加剧) extreme weather impacts of climate events, scientists have reported. They found that the five hottest recorded years in the oceans 56 (occur) since 2015, and that the rate of heating since 1986 was eight times higher than 57 from 1960-1985. Oceans cover 71% of the planet and water can absorb thousands of times more heat than air, 58 is why 93% of global heating is taken up by the sea.
Hotter oceans destroy rainfall patterns, which 59 (lead) to floods, droughts and wildfires. Heat also causes sea water 60 (expand) and drives up sea level. Scientists expect about one metre of the sea level rise by the end of the century, 61 (threaten) 150 million people. Higher temperatures in the sea are also harming marine (海洋的) life, with 62 number of ocean heatwaves increasing 63 (sharp).
The study also finds that the sinking of surface waters and upwelling of deeper water is reducing as the sea heats up. This means the surface layers heat up even further and fewer nutrients for marine life are brought up from the 64 (deep).
“The oceans reached yet another new record level of warmth in 2020, 65 a record drop in global carbon emissions (排放). The planet will continue to warm up as long as we emit carbon into the atmosphere,” said Prof Michael Mann of the Penn State.
56. 57. 58. 59. 60.
61. 62. 63. 64. 65.
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
最近,你班同学就“太空是否值得探索”这一话题展开了一场讨论。请你根据下面提供的信息,用英语写一篇短文介绍讨论的情况。内容包括:
1.30%的同学认为太空不值得探索;
2.70%的同学认为太空值得探索。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
Recently, students in our class have had a discussion on whether space is worth exploring.
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Maria and Peter lived in a coastal city. The greatest pleasure in summer for them was to swim at their local beach after school. But one day they started to lose their enthusiasm for swimming in the water. More often than not, they would find plastic bags thrown on the beach. Worse still, as they swam in the water, some plastic bags would float around them and even stick to their legs when they walked to the shore.
They were upset and decided something needed to be done to stop the beautiful sea becoming consumed by waste. One weekend, Maria and Peter brought a big bag to the beach and determined to clean it up. Sweat streamed down from their forehead while they bent down and picked up the plastic bags. To their disappointment, after a day's hard work, there were still many plastic bags lying on the beach or floating in the water. Going home with aching legs and arms, Maria and Peter were almost defeated by a strong sense of failure.
That night over dinner with their parents, the pair ate silently. Noticing their low spirits, Mother asked gently, “You two looked so down. What happened ” Exchanging glances with Peter, Maria replied in a low voice, “It's those annoying plastic bags. We tried to clean them up but it was just impossible.” Understanding the pair's disappointment, their father patted them on the back and comforted, “Well, it's really hard for just two of you to fix such a big problem.” “Just two of us,” complained Maria and Peter, looking at each other. Suddenly, an idea occurred to them, their eyes shining with excitement. “Yes, that's the point! We should make more people aware of the problem and encourage them to take action!” the pair said in chorus.
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
Quickly finishing their dinner, the pair went upstairs and started planning.
Excited and nervous, they posted the video and article online.
答案与分层梯度式解析Unit 5—Unit 6
1.B 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.A 6.B 7.A 8.B
9.C 10.A 11.C 12.B 13.C 14.A 15.A 16.B
17.B 18.A 19.C 20.C 21.B 22.D 23.A 24.D
25.A 26.C 27.B 28.A 29.A 30.B 31.B 32.C
33.A 34.D 35.B 36.G 37.D 38.A 39.B 40.F
41.B 42.C 43.A 44.C 45.D 46.B 47.D 48.A
49.B 50.C 51.D 52.A 53.C 54.A 55.B
56.had occurred 57.that 58.which 59.leads 60.to expand 61.threatening 62.the 63.sharply 64.depths 65.despite
第二部分 阅读
第一节
A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。文章针对几个保护野生动物的活动做了简单的介绍。
21.B 细节理解题。根据Elephant Conservation中的“Clean the enclosure.”可知,志愿者要负责清理大象的住所。
22.D 细节理解题。根据Gorilla(大猩猩) Safari中的“Aug.-Dec., 2-3 departures per month”可知从8月到12月,每月有2到3次的行程可以去观赏大猩猩,总共大约有10次。
23.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知,北极熊不需要喝水,它所需要的液体都是从食物中获得的。
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了学识渊博且有责任心的Nzamujo博士回到非洲,设计“零浪费”农业系统,创立Songhai农场,帮助那里的人们缓解饥荒问题。
24.D 细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句可知,在Nzamujo看来,可持续性是被人们忽略了的造成饥荒的一个原因,换句话说,人们没有注意到农业的不可持续性问题。故选D。
25.A 推理判断题。根据第三段的内容可知,Nzamujo开始设计一个“零浪费”农业系统,这不仅将提高粮食安全,而且有助于保护环境和创造就业机会。1985年,他在西非国家贝宁开办了他的可持续农场Songhai。由此可知,第三段介绍了Nzamujo的解决方案,即“零浪费”农业系统。故选A。
26.C 细节理解题。根据第五段的内容可知,Songhai有几个“生态素养”发展项目。它们为农民企业家提供的既有18个月的培训课程,也有在短期内学习除草等技术的项目。由此可知,Songhai通过培训农民来帮助缓解饥荒问题。故选C。
27.B 推理判断题。根据第二段的第一、二句可知,获得微生物学博士学位的Nzamujo得知非洲人民遭受饥荒时,带着自己的知识和信仰回到非洲,去帮助那里的人们。由此推知,Nzamujo不但学识渊博而且有责任心。故选B。
C
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了人们可以通过选择低碳食物对气候变化做出贡献。
28.A 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“We wanted to let students participate in climate action by making choices about their food (我们想让学生们通过选择他们的食物来参与气候行动)”可推知,马萨诸塞大学推出新菜单的目的是让学生参与气候行动,提高学生的低碳生活意识。故选A。
29.A 推理判断题。第二段第三、四句提到越来越多的美国消费者和机构开始考虑他们的食物选择如何影响气候变化;对许多人来说,在杂货店、食堂和餐馆做出的小选择比购买节能型汽车或安装家用太阳能电池板等大手笔的选择更容易实现。由此可知,食物选择影响气候变化,比起节能汽车等昂贵的物品,食物选择是人们更容易做到的。由此可推知,食物选择对气候变化意义重大。故选A。
30.B 推理判断题。根据第三段中Sujatha Bergen说的话“If, on average, Americans...off the road a year (平均而言,如果美国人每周从他们的饮食中减少四分之一磅的牛肉,那就相当于每年路上减少一千万辆汽车)”可推知,Sujatha Bergen认为牛肉对减少碳排放量有很大的影响。故选B。
31.B 主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其是根据第三段前两句和最后一段中的“People are beginning to understand that their food choices make a big impact on climate (人们开始意识到他们的食物选择对气候有很大的影响)”可知,文章主要介绍了人们可以通过选择低碳食物对气候变化做出贡献。B项 (低碳饮食:是一种狂热,还是有更多意义 )符合文章主旨,适合作文章标题,故选B。
D
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章介绍了猎杀大象可能是由需求驱动的,而不是贪婪造成的。
32.C 细节理解题。根据文章第二段前两句可知,第二段中的数字表明在非洲大象正经受着偷猎的威胁。故选C。
33.A 词义猜测题。结合第三段的内容可知非洲建立大量国家公园产生了许多问题,当地人的家园被列成了保护区,他们就不能在那里居住了,只能被迫离开。根据画线词组所在句尤其是其中的forced可推测此处说的是人们被迫离开,则画线词组表示“离开”,A项符合语境,故选A。B.返回;C.徘徊,游荡;D.寻找。
34.D 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知,在保护区周围地区的家庭财富相对较低,所以他们相对不富裕,故选D。D项中的“relatively not wealthy”与第二段中的“wealth...was relatively low”是同义表达。
35.B 推理判断题。通读全文可知,文章介绍的是非法猎杀对大象数量的影响,并指出偷猎在中非和莫桑比克-坦桑尼亚交界附近发生得更为频繁,同时也分析了造成这种现象的原因,因此推测本文来自一则新闻报道。故选B。A.健康专栏;C.书评;D.旅游手册。
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了一些可以减少碳排放的有效方法。
36.G 上文提到通过使用更少的燃料,我们可以限制自己对气候变化的加剧作用。后文提出了一些可以减少碳排放的方法,故G项“这里是一些我们每个人都能有所作为的有效方法”符合语境。
37.D 上文提到在购买冰箱、洗衣机和其他电器时,寻找有“能源之星”标签的商品,本句承接上文继续说明原因:“能源之星”标签会告诉你哪些电器是效率最高的。D项中It指代上文的“the Energy Star label”。
38.A 本段建议节约用水,且本句与后文并列,都是在列举生活中节约用水的具体例子,故A项“所以淋浴时间更短一些”符合语境。
39.B 根据本段内容可知,本段的建议是驾驶省油型汽车。故B项“开省油的车”符合语境。
40.F 后文提到航空运输是气候污染的一个主要来源。故建议少乘坐飞机,F项“不经常乘飞机也会起到很大的作用”符合语境。
第三部分 语言应用
第一节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一只鹦鹉成功拯救了田纳西州的一家人,使他们在火灾中幸免于难的故事。
41.B 句意:这家人被这只鸟反复聒噪的叫声吵醒了。A.悦耳的;B.聒噪的;C.柔和的;D.可爱的。根据设空处所在句“The family were woken up by the bird's repeated and 41 cries.”和下文中的“He started shouting ‘Fire’.”及本段介绍的如果没有这只鸟,他们在火灾中就不会醒来可知,这家人被这只鸟反复的叫声吵醒了。结合选项可知只有B项的感彩与语境相符,故选B。
42.C 根据本段第一句及“If it hadn't been for him, I probably would have been sleeping during the disaster.”可知,这只鹦鹉拯救了一个家庭,因此芭芭拉说它是真正的英雄。A.伟大的;B.新的;C.真正的;D.好的。故选C。
43.A 根据上文“He started shouting ‘Fire’.”可知,这只鹦鹉喊出了它以前没有说过的“Fire(着火)”这个词。A.单词;B.信号;C.声音;D.嗓音。“Fire”是个单词,故选A。
44.C 句意:当他们醒来时,他们震惊地发现火已经蔓延到房子的各个房间。A.新闻;B.叫声;C.火,火灾;D.烟雾。根据上一段中的“He started shouting ‘Fire’.”可知,房子着火了,故选C。
45.D 句意:芭芭拉立即带着她5岁的孙女跑出了房子。根据“When they woke up, they were shocked to find the fire had spread across the rooms of the house.”可知,火灾情况危急,芭芭拉抱着孙女跑出去了。A.驾驶;B.跳;C.步行;D.跑。故选D。
46.B 句意:但她的丈夫拉里差点没逃脱,然后因烧伤被送往医院。根据本段中的“Barbara immediately carried...But her husband Larry...was sent to hospital”尤其是空前的But可知,芭芭拉带着孙女跑出了房子,而她的丈夫勉强逃生,并被送往了医院。A.最终;B.勉强地;C.持续地;D.明显。narrowly escape为固定搭配,意为“勉强逃生”,故选B。
47.D 句意同上。根据文章第一段提到的火灾以及前文“was sent to hospital”可知,此处指芭芭拉的丈夫因为烧伤而被送往了医院。A.死亡;B.心灵创伤;C.受伤;D.烧伤。故选D。
48.A 句意:拉里跑到厨房,试图用水灭火……。根据“with water”可知,此处指用水把火扑灭。A.扑灭;B.捡起;C.记下;D.检查。故选A。
49.B 根据上文“Larry ran to the kitchen and was trying to put out the fire with water”可知,他是想回到房子里把火扑灭,救出宠物和他祖父的吉他。A.遇见;B.营救;C.隐藏;D.检查。故选B。
50.C 根据“He kept saying he couldn't breathe and I was shouting at him to”可知,他的处境危险,所以芭芭拉让他赶紧离开着火的房子。A.进入;B.保护;C.离开;D.修复。故选C。
51.D 句意:芭芭拉说,她的丈夫不得不留在医院,而医生试图治愈他,以便他能够参加他可爱的孙女的六岁生日派对。根据下文“while doctors tried to cure him”可知,他不得不留在医院接受医生的治疗。A.工作;B.等待;C.生活;D.停留。故选D。
52.A 句意同上。A.生日;B.婚礼;C.舞蹈,跳舞;D.节日。根据“he was able to attend the sixth 52 party of his cute granddaughter”及文章第二段中的“Barbara immediately carried her 5-year-old granddaughter”可知,他们的孙女现在五岁,结合空前的sixth和空后的party推测他们的孙女即将过六岁生日了,他在医院接受治疗是为了能够参加孙女六岁的生日派对,故选A。
53.C 句意:虽然家里一无所剩,但这家人得到了许多好心人的支持。根据上文“the family received support from a large number of”及“Although”可知,他们虽然失去了很多,但得到了很多好心人的支持。A.正常的;B.温柔的;C.好心的;D.富有的。故选C。
54.A 句意:不幸的是,路易没有和他们一起幸存下来。根据下文“Louie didn't survive with them”可知,路易没有活下来,这是不幸的。A.不幸地;B.肯定地;C.最终;D.逐渐。故选A。
55.B 句意:然而,令大家松了一口气的是,一个慷慨的人为这家人提供了一套公寓,并赠送了他们一家一只新的小鹦鹉。根据上文“a generous person provided a flat to the family and”可知,小鹦鹉是慷慨的人送的。A.借用;B.赠送;C.借给;D.获得。故选B。
第二节
◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了全球海平面上升的现状和其所带来的危害。
56.had occurred 考查时态。句意:他们发现,海洋有记录以来最热的5年发生在2015年之后,1986年以来的升温速度为1960-1985年的8倍。根据主句中的found可知that引导的宾语从句也应用过去的某种时态,再结合句中的since 2015可知应用过去完成时。故填had occurred。
57.that 考查代词。句意同上。此处是并列成分(名词短语the rate of heating since 1986和the rate of heating from 1960-1985)之间的比较,than后用that代替名词短语the rate of heating。故填that。
58.which 考查定语从句。句意:海洋覆盖了地球的71%,水可以吸收的热量是空气的数千倍,这就是为什么全球93%的热量都被海洋吸收了。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,指代前面整个主句,故填which。
59.leads 考查时态和主谓一致。which引导非限制性定语从句,在从句中作主语,先行词是前面整个主句,故谓语用单数形式;从句表述客观真理,用一般现在时。故填leads。
60.to expand 考查动词不定式。cause sb./sth. to do sth.是固定用法,意为“导致某人/某物做某事”。故填to expand。
61.threatening 考查现在分词。本句已有谓语,空处用非谓语动词形式;the sea level rise与threaten之间是主动关系,故用现在分词作后置定语。故填threatening。
62.the 考查冠词。句意:因为海洋热浪的数量急剧增加,更高的海洋温度也在伤害海洋生物。此处表示“……的数量”,用固定搭配the number of。故填the。
63.sharply 考查副词。句意同上。设空处修饰increasing,应用副词作状语。故填sharply。
64.depths 考查名词。设空处作介词 from的宾语,再结合空前的the可知设空处用名词;根据提示词和语境可知此处表示“海洋深处”,空处填表示“最深处”的词,故用名词depth。the depths of the ocean表示“海洋深处”,此处省略了“of the ocean”,故用depth的复数形式depths。
65.despite 考查介词。句意:2020年,尽管全球碳排放量出现了创纪录的下降,但海洋温度又达到了创纪录的水平。空处表示“尽管”,后接名词短语,故填despite。
第四部分 写作
第一节
One possible version:
Recently, students in our class have had a discussion on whether space is worth exploring. 30% of the students think space exploration is not worthwhile. They think space is too far away from our daily life. And the money spent on space exploration can be used to solve the earth's problems such as starvation and pollution. On the other hand, 70% think space is worth exploring because we have benefited a lot from it, such as using satellites for communication and the weather forecast. What's more, with further space research, we may solve the population problem by moving to other planets one day.
第二节
One possible version:
Quickly finishing their dinner, the pair went upstairs and started planning. They decided to take advantage of the Internet. “Maybe we can write an article to arouse people's awareness,” Maria proposed. “Good idea! We can also make a video!” Peter added. The next few hours witnessed their heated discussion and growing confidence in a clean and beautiful coast. The next day, they went to the beach and filmed a short video showing plastic bags lying on the beach and floating in the sea. Peter, who was good at writing, wrote an article talking about the present situation of the beach and asking people to take part in the clean-up.
Excited and nervous, they posted the video and article online. To their amazement, their post went viral online immediately. Countless comments flooded in saying how heartbroken they were when seeing the polluted beach and ocean. What amazed Maria and Peter more was that numerous people in their community, encouraged by their efforts, offered to join in their clean-up. More and more people came to the beach to collect plastic bags and they also appealed to others to avoid throwing or using plastic bags. A year later, with their joint and continuous effort, the coast regained its beauty and Maria and Peter regained their long-awaited pleasure.
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