2025外研版高中英语选择性必修第二册强化练习题--Unit 6 Part 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas（含答案与解析）
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2025外研版高中英语选择性必修第二册
Unit 6 Survival
Part 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.The (垃圾) thrown by the citizens may contribute to the spread of this infectious disease.
2.While bringing about some network (罪行), the Internet also benefits our lives.
3.(易错题)Two jewel (小偷) were caught by the police and put into prison for a two-year session.
4.(2024陕西榆林校考改编)It is (预计) that 23 million homes in the UK are connected to the gas grid (网).
5.Teachers' and parents' guidance plays a c role in children's growth.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Some people are (greed) when it comes to money, which may ruin their vital relationship.
2.Miss. Li speaks fluently Russian, which makes it easy for her to fit in the locals.
3.He has committed himself to (do) everything in his power to prevent the crisis from happening.
4.The doctor suggested that she should restrict herself to (take) in high-fat food to improve her health condition.
5.I appreciated (give) the chance to take part in the English competition.
6.Most of the 3D food prints now (restrict) to dry ingredients, because meat and milk products may easily go bad.
7.It has not been decided which plan to be adopted; therefore, we have no choice but (wait).
Ⅲ.选词填空
crash into;under construction;figure out;in one's way
On a Monday morning, I drove to work as usual. The road was 1. so the traffic was crowded. I couldn't drive very fast because a lot of buses and cars got 2. . Suddenly, a truck 3. the back of my car before I could 4. what had happened. Luckily, we weren't injured and only the surface of the car was damaged.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.(2021全国甲写作)I would really appreciate your providing me with information and help. (句型转换)
→ you could provide me with information and help.
2.犯错误并不可怕,可怕的是对它的恐惧。(commit)
It's not terrible . The most terrible thing is the fear for it.(读后续写—主旨升华)
3.I realized that having a strong motivation is a big factor in reaching goals only after talking to two students.(句型转换:only置于句首的部分倒装)
→ that having a strong motivation is a big factor in reaching goals.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
In a seaside suburb of Cape Town, a chacma baboon stole a bag of shopping from a car, 1 window was left open. Besides Cape Town, wild animals can 2 (witness) in other urban areas all over the world. It may be not because the wild animals have taken over our cities, 3 because we humans have invaded their natural habitats. Probably these “urban animals” regard our green cities as their paradise, where they can find enough food. 4 the meantime, they needn't worry about their predators.
So far, some animals 5 (develop) new skills to adjust to their new homes in the urban areas. Urban racoons are 6 (intelligent) than the wild ones. However, quite a few animals can't adapt to the urban environment. Recent 7 (study) estimate that more than 400 million birds die from window impacts each year in the US, 8 (make) up around 10% of the total US bird population. Migrant birds have to change their routes through cities with skyscrapers.
Above all, now that animals choose 9 (lead) their urban life, we should learn to understand and appreciate our wild neighbours. Only in this way can we share our urban habitats with them 10 (harmonious).
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2024山东聊城期中)
Millions of migratory birds start arriving at the Yellow River Delta National Nature Reserve in Dongying, Shandong Province, in mid-October. They rest in the wetlands, feeding on a rich variety of food such as fish, shrimps and grain to build their 1 (strong). Some birds even make the wetlands 2 (they) home all year.
Zhao Yajie, 36, is a member of the team patrolling(巡逻) the wetlands every day 3 (ensure) a safe environment for the birds. Zhao started work at the reserve in 2014. Her main jobs are conducting scientific research on ecological restoration and protection, 4 monitoring the birds' conditions, such as their numbers and the different types of species at the reserve, along with the birds' environment.
Information gathered on the birds' habits helps Zhao and her colleagues create a better environment for them. To ensure these 5 (arrival) have sufficient food, the team has created 6 they call “small dining tables” for the birds.
Over the past nine years, Zhao 7 (visit) all the reserve's main areas. “Every year, I welcome migratory birds at the reserve and see them depart. I have seen some species several times, but 8 each occasion, I am just as excited as the first time,” she said.
In her spare time, Zhao gives speeches to students 9 (conduct) field studies at the reserve. “The students are very interested in the birds, plants and stunning landscape at the reserve. They will learn a lot, such as why Oriental storks communicate by clattering their bills and why some grass tastes 10 (salt). Students can also try their hand at making nests,” she said.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
(2024安徽皖江名校联考)
With needle-like teeth and a sharp pointed nose, a gray nurse shark isn't a creature that most people would want to meet. But Shalise Leesfield isn't one of them.
The Australian teenager couldn't think of a better creature to meet when scuba-diving off the coast of South West Rocks, near her home in Port Macquarie, a coastal town north of Sydney.
“Many people say gray nurse sharks look terrifying, but I think they are the sweetest animals ever,” she says.
The slow-moving sharks, which like to stay near the seafloor in warm, shallow waters, are—for the most part—harmless to humans. But the gray nurse shark is under threat. Populations have fallen and habitats have been lost due to ocean warming and human development, according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), which lists the species as seriously endangered.
One area where they can still be seen is Fish Rock Cave, an underwater cavern (大洞穴) with a unique ecosystem, 40 miles up the coast from Leesfield's home. But fishers are allowed access within 200 meters of Fish Rock Cave. This is leading to a drop in the number of gray nurse sharks and increasing pollution, says Leesfield. She wants to enlarge the no-fishing area, establishing a protected zone.
With Leesfield's efforts, the area has been nominated as a Hope Spot, which is part of the Mission Blue program launched by famous oceanographer Sylvia Earle that identifies places as critically important to the ocean's health and supports protection.
“When people think about Hope Spots, they think about Sydney Harbour or the Great Barrier Reef. So to get Fish Rock Cave up on that list is just such incredible news,” she says.
Now, Leesfield is working with politician Cate Faehrmann, marine spokesperson for the Australian Greens Party in New South Wales, to legalize protection of the sharks and make the no-fishing zone protected by the law.
1.What does “them” refer to in the first paragraph
A.Gray nurse sharks. B.Common people.
C.People fearing gray nurse sharks. D.Fishers.
2.What has led to gray nurse sharks' being seriously endangered
A.The development of tourism in the ocean.
B.The sharks' preference for staying in shallow waters.
C.The feature of gray nurse sharks' slow-moving.
D.Fishers' being permitted within 200 meters of Fish Rock Cave.
3.What will Leesfield and Faehrmann do to protect gray nurse sharks
A.Recommend Fish Rock Cave as a Hope Spot being protected.
B.Identify the Hope Spot area as being critically crucial.
C.Make Fish Rock Cave more popular among fishers nearby.
D.Make laws to protect the no-fishing zone near Fish Rock Cave.
4.Which could be the best title of the article
A.The Australian teenager is on a mission to protect sharks
B.Increasing pollution leads to gray nurse sharks endangered
C.Gray nurse sharks are in danger!
D.Let's establish a protected zone to cope with pollution!
B
(2024天津河西区期中)
My doctor took me for a walk around the farm where she lives. I was physically and emotionally exhausted and discouraged by anxiety and depression.
The place was full of life. There were insects, horses, rabbits and a cat. She told me to focus on my body in the environment.
When I was ill, I tended to retreat into my mind and disconnect from the here and now. So, when I met a horse named Fira, I expected nothing.
As I got closer to Fira, she nuzzled(用鼻子轻轻摩擦) my chest, putting gentle pressure over my heart. Something happened inside me: I felt as if I had reached a wellspring (源泉)of past hurts, fears and failures. I began to melt emotionally.
I patted Fira's nose and breathed in her smell. I found I didn't have to concentrate on feeling better; Fira helped me feel loved and safe.
I worked with Fira often, learning basic communication and leading methods to work together with her. Initially, I wasn't sure exactly what one would do with a horse except riding it. But I knew that Fira had touched me in an uncommon way and had made me feel better. She connected with me by reacting to my emotional state and reflecting it back to me in an open, affectionate way.
In my meetings with Fira, I found that I lost my usual self-consciousness and I would focus entirely on communicating.
I learned to live in the present, to focus on what was happening this day, at this moment, in this place. I learned to forget the past, with all its hurts. I learned to forget the future, which hasn't happened yet. When you stand beside a horse, you exist completely in the moment.
With Fira by my side, I saw into a life in which trust comes first, and compassion follows.
I found a deep peace in leading her along a path, by using my own power of intention to indicate whether to start, stop, turn left or turn right. I felt inner quiet and even joy. My work with this horse was part of a journey out of a very dark night in my soul.
5.What do we know about the author from the first three paragraphs
A.She often lost consciousness. B.She loves animals very much.
C.She suffered from mental illness. D.She went to a doctor with high hopes.
6.What can we know about the author when she met Fira for the first time
A.She felt deeply touched. B.She had already recovered from her pain.
C.She was curious about what would happen. D.She became grateful for her past pain.
7.What does the underlined phrase in Paragraph 3 mean
A.Get out of trouble. B.Keep away from others. C.Lift my spirits. D.Make up my mind.
8.What did the author learn during her time with Fira
A.It is important to make every day count. B.One shouldn't be affected by emotions.
C.One should learn lessons from the past. D.It is most crucial to show sympathy for others.
答案与分层梯度式解析
Unit 6 Survival
Part 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.garbage 2.crimes 3.thieves
易错归因
本题易错填thiefs,主要原因是对以-f/-fe结尾的可数名词变复数的规则不清楚。该规则是把f/fe变为v,再加-es。可以借助以下口诀掌握这些变化的词:小偷(thief)和妻子(wife)头戴叶子(leaf),拿着小刀(knife)去杀狼(wolf),走了一半(half),碰倒了架子(shelf)。但要注意:roof(屋顶)和proof(证据)两个词虽以-f结尾,但其复数形式是在词尾直接加-s,而不是变f为v加-es。
4.estimated 5.crucial
Ⅱ.1.greedy 考查形容词。句意:有些人在金钱方面很贪婪,这可能会破坏他们至关重要的关系。设空处在句中作系动词are的表语,结合句意可知此处表示“贪婪的,贪心的”,应用greed的形容词形式,故填greedy。
2.with 考查介词。句意:李小姐能说一口流利的俄语,这使她很容易与当地人打成一片。fit in with为固定搭配,意为 “与……相适应或相协调”。故填with。
3.doing 考查动名词。commit oneself to (doing) sth.意为“使自己致力于(做)某事”,其中to为介词。故填doing。
4.taking 考查动名词。句意:医生建议她少吃高脂肪的食物以改善她的健康状况。restrict oneself to doing sth.意为“限制某人做某事”,其中to 为介词。故填taking。
5.being given 考查非谓语动词。句意:我很感激能有机会参加这次英语比赛。appreciate doing意为“感激做某事”,主语I 与give之间为被动关系,应用动名词的被动形式作宾语。故填being given。
6.are restricted 考查动词的时态、语态及主谓一致。句意:由于肉类和奶制品容易变质,大多数3D食品打印现在仅限于干燥的食材。分析句子结构可知,because引导原因状语从句,because前边为主句,主句中缺少谓语,则空处应填谓语动词。由主句中的now及句意可知此处为客观陈述,表示现阶段的一般情况,应用一般现在时;主句主语Most of the 3D food prints与restrict之间为被动关系,应用一般现在时的被动语态;主语为复数形式,故填are restricted。
7.to wait 考查动词不定式。句意:尚未决定采用哪一项计划,因此,我们别无选择,只能等待。have no choice but to do为固定搭配,意为“别无选择只能做……”。故填to wait。
Ⅲ.1.under construction 2.in my way 3.crashed into 4.figure out
Ⅳ.1.I would appreciate it if 2.to commit a mistake
3.Only after talking to two students did I realize
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.whose 考查定语从句。设空处前面内容意思完整,不缺成分,设空处无提示词,逗号前面的名词car与空后的window有所属关系,故此处应是whose引导的非限制性定语从句。whose在从句中作定语修饰window。
2.be witnessed 考查语态。句意:除了开普敦,全世界其他市区也能见到野生动物。分析句子结构可知,本句中谓语部分不完整,wild animals与witness为被动关系,所以填be witnessed,与can一起构成谓语。
3.but 考查连词。句意:这可能不是因为野生动物占领了我们的城市,而是因为我们人类入侵了它们的自然栖息地。not...but...不是……而是……。
4.In 考查介词。in the meantime在此期间,与此同时。
5.have developed 考查动词时态和主谓一致。设空处为该句的谓语,由时间状语So far可知此处应用现在完成时,主语some animals为复数形式,故填have developed。
6.more intelligent 考查形容词比较级。设空处在系动词are后作表语,结合语境和空后的than可知此处应用形容词比较级。
7.studies 考查名词的数。分析句子结构可知设空处作主语,谓语动词为estimate,因此主语应该用复数名词。句意:最近的研究估计,在美国每年有超过四亿只鸟死于撞击窗户,占美国鸟类总数的百分之十左右。
8.making 考查现在分词。分析句子结构可知,that从句中已有谓语die from,因此设空处为非谓语动词。more than 400 million birds与make up 为主动关系,因此用现在分词形式作状语。
9.to lead 考查动词不定式。choose to do sth.选择做某事,因此填to lead。
10.harmoniously 考查副词。此处在句中作状语,因此用副词形式。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 这是一篇新闻报道。本文主要讲述了许多种类的鸟来到了山东省东营市黄河三角洲国家级自然保护区,那里的工作人员为鸟儿们创造了一个更好的生活环境。
1.strength 考查名词。句意:它们在湿地休息,吃丰富多样的食物,如鱼、虾和谷物,以增强它们的力量。由句意及空前的build their可知此处应用名词作build的宾语,表示“力量;力气”,故填strength。
2.their 考查形容词性物主代词。句意:有些鸟甚至把湿地当作它们全年的家。由句意及空后的名词home可知此处应用形容词性物主代词作定语。故填their。
3.to ensure 考查不定式。句意:36岁的赵亚杰是每天巡逻湿地的团队成员,以确保鸟类的环境安全。句中已有谓语动词即系动词is,空处应用非谓语动词。根据句意可知,此处表示目的,应用不定式作目的状语。故填to ensure。
4.and 考查连词。句意:她的主要工作是进行生态恢复和保护的科学研究,并监测鸟类的状况,如它们的数量和保护区的不同种类的物种以及鸟类的环境。根据句意及空前的are conducting和空后的monitoring可知,此处表示并列,应用并列连词and。
5.arrivals 考查名词的数。句意:为了确保这些到达者有足够的食物,这个团队为鸟类创造了他们所谓的“小餐桌”。根据句意及空前的To ensure these可知,此处作ensure的宾语,表示“到达者”;再根据these可知,此处用复数,故填arrivals。
6.what 考查连接代词。句意同上。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导宾语从句,作created的宾语,且从句中缺少宾语,表示“……的东西”,应用引导词what。
7.has visited 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:在过去的九年里,赵已经参观了该保护区的所有主要区域。根据时间状语Over the past nine years可知,此句用现在完成时,且主语是Zhao,故填has visited。
8.on 考查介词。句意:我已经见过一些物种好几次了,但每一次我都和第一次一样兴奋……。on each occasion为固定短语,表示“每一次”,故填on。
9.conducting 考查现在分词。句意:业余时间,赵会给在保护区进行实地研究的学生做演讲。句中已有谓语动词gives,设空处应用非谓语动词。根据句意可知设空处作后置定语修饰students,students与conduct之间为逻辑上的主动关系,应用现在分词表主动,故填conducting。
10.salty 考查形容词。句意:他们会学到很多东西,比如为什么东方白鹳通过喙发出咔嗒声来交流,为什么有些草尝起来是咸的。由句意及空前的系动词tastes可知设空处应用形容词作表语,表示“咸的”,故填salty。
【高频词汇】 1.ensure vt.确保;保证 2.restoration n.修复;恢复 3.monitor vt.监视;监听 4.depart v.离开
5.occasion n.场合;时刻;某次
Ⅲ.A
◎语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是一名澳大利亚青少年致力于保护沙锥齿鲨的故事。
1.C 词义猜测题。根据文章第一段第一句“With needle-like teeth and a sharp pointed nose, a gray nurse shark isn't a creature that most people would want to meet.”可知,大多数人都不愿遇到有着针状牙齿和尖尖鼻子的沙锥齿鲨,由此可知这些人对沙锥齿鲨是心怀恐惧的。根据画线词所在句尤其是该句开头的But可知,Shalise Leesfield对沙锥齿鲨的态度与这些人不一样,所以them指代的是那些害怕沙锥齿鲨的人。故选C。
2.D 细节理解题。根据文章第五段中的“But fishers are allowed access within 200 meters...gray nurse sharks and increasing pollution”可知,渔民被允许进入鱼岩200米范围内导致了沙锥齿鲨数量的减少和污染的加剧。再结合第四段最后一句中的“lists the species as seriously endangered”可知选D。
3.D 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Now, Leesfield is working with politician Cate Faehrmann...to legalize protection of the sharks and make the no-fishing zone protected by the law.”可知现在Leesfield正致力于使保护鲨鱼合法化,并使禁渔区受到法律保护。故选D。
4.A 主旨大意题。文章前三段讲的是故事的背景,指出澳大利亚青少年Shalise Leesfield对沙锥齿鲨的态度是与众不同的;第四、五段对沙锥齿鲨的生存现状进行了分析,为Shalise Leesfield保护沙锥齿鲨这一使命提供了背景知识;最后三段主要讲的是Shalise Leesfield为保护沙锥齿鲨做出的努力以及相应的成效。综上所述,文章主要是围绕澳大利亚青少年保护鲨鱼这一事件来展开的,所以A项(这位澳大利亚青少年正在执行保护鲨鱼的任务)作为文章的题目最为合适,故选A。
【高频词汇】 1.list...as...将……列为…… 2.unique adj.独特的 3.enlarge vt.扩大 4.establish vt.建立 5.mission n.使命;任务 6.launch vt.发起;发动
7.identify vt.确认,鉴定;找到,发现 8.incredible adj.难以置信的 9.feature n.特点;特色
【差距词汇】 1.nominate v.提名,推荐;任命,指派
2.critically adv.极其;十分 3.legalize v.使合法化
长难句
原句 With Leesfield's efforts, the area has been nominated as a Hope Spot, which is part of the Mission Blue program launched by famous oceanographer Sylvia Earle that identifies places as critically important to the ocean's health and supports protection.
分析 本句为主从复合句。句中“which is part of the Mission...protection”为which引导的非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词a Hope Spot,which在从句中作主语。在该定语从句中,过去分词短语“launched by famous oceanographer Sylvia Earle”以及定语从句“that identifies places as...and supports protection”一同修饰the Mission Blue program,其中关系代词that在定语从句中作主语。
译文 在Leesfield的努力下,该地区被提名为“希望点”,这是著名海洋学家Sylvia Earle发起的“蓝色使命”计划的一部分,该计划旨在确定对海洋健康至关重要的地方,并支持保护海洋。
B
◎语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是在作者患有精神疾病期间,她的医生带她去农场散步时,她与一匹叫做Fira的马相遇、相知以及到最后一起工作的过程,并在与这匹马相处时得出了要活在当下的人生感悟。
5.C 细节理解题。由文章第一段第二句“I was physically and emotionally exhausted and discouraged by anxiety and depression.(焦虑和抑郁使我身心俱疲,灰心丧气。)”及第三段中的“When I was ill, I tended to retreat into my mind”可知,作者患的是精神方面的疾病。故选C。
6.A 细节理解题。由文章第四段最后两句可知,作者第一次见到Fira时,被它的反应深深地触动了。故选A。
7.B 词义猜测题。由画线部分前的“When I was ill, I tended to”以及画线部分后的“and disconnect from the here and now”和“So, when I met a horse named Fira, I expected nothing.”可知,and表示上下文之间是顺承关系,所以画线部分的意思应与and之后的“disconnect from the here and now”意思相近,表示远离周围的一切。B项(远离其他人)与之意思一致,符合语境。故选B。retreat意为“躲避,逃避”。
8.A 推理判断题。由文章倒数第三段中的“I learned to live in the present”及“you exist completely in the moment”可知,当作者和Fira在一起的时候她学到了活在当下,让每一天都有意义是很重要的。故选A。
【高频词汇】 1.exhausted adj.筋疲力尽的,疲惫不堪的;用完的,耗尽的 2.discouraged adj.气馁的;泄气的;灰心的 3.concentrate on集中注意力于 4.initially adv.起初;最初 5.reflect vt.反映;显示,表明;认真思考
6.entirely adv.完全地 7.indicate v.暗示;表明 8.count vi.重要;有意义
【差距词汇】 1.retreat vi.躲避,逃避;撤退;离开
2.affectionate adj.深情的;表示关爱的 3.compassion n.同情,怜悯
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2025外研版高中英语选择性必修第二册
Unit 6 Survival
Part 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.The (垃圾) thrown by the citizens may contribute to the spread of this infectious disease.
2.While bringing about some network (罪行), the Internet also benefits our lives.
3.(易错题)Two jewel (小偷) were caught by the police and put into prison for a two-year session.
4.(2024陕西榆林校考改编)It is (预计) that 23 million homes in the UK are connected to the gas grid (网).
5.Teachers' and parents' guidance plays a c role in children's growth.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Some people are (greed) when it comes to money, which may ruin their vital relationship.
2.Miss. Li speaks fluently Russian, which makes it easy for her to fit in the locals.
3.He has committed himself to (do) everything in his power to prevent the crisis from happening.
4.The doctor suggested that she should restrict herself to (take) in high-fat food to improve her health condition.
5.I appreciated (give) the chance to take part in the English competition.
6.Most of the 3D food prints now (restrict) to dry ingredients, because meat and milk products may easily go bad.
7.It has not been decided which plan to be adopted; therefore, we have no choice but (wait).
Ⅲ.选词填空
crash into;under construction;figure out;in one's way
On a Monday morning, I drove to work as usual. The road was 1. so the traffic was crowded. I couldn't drive very fast because a lot of buses and cars got 2. . Suddenly, a truck 3. the back of my car before I could 4. what had happened. Luckily, we weren't injured and only the surface of the car was damaged.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.(2021全国甲写作)I would really appreciate your providing me with information and help. (句型转换)
→ you could provide me with information and help.
2.犯错误并不可怕,可怕的是对它的恐惧。(commit)
It's not terrible . The most terrible thing is the fear for it.(读后续写—主旨升华)
3.I realized that having a strong motivation is a big factor in reaching goals only after talking to two students.(句型转换:only置于句首的部分倒装)
→ that having a strong motivation is a big factor in reaching goals.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
In a seaside suburb of Cape Town, a chacma baboon stole a bag of shopping from a car, 1 window was left open. Besides Cape Town, wild animals can 2 (witness) in other urban areas all over the world. It may be not because the wild animals have taken over our cities, 3 because we humans have invaded their natural habitats. Probably these “urban animals” regard our green cities as their paradise, where they can find enough food. 4 the meantime, they needn't worry about their predators.
So far, some animals 5 (develop) new skills to adjust to their new homes in the urban areas. Urban racoons are 6 (intelligent) than the wild ones. However, quite a few animals can't adapt to the urban environment. Recent 7 (study) estimate that more than 400 million birds die from window impacts each year in the US, 8 (make) up around 10% of the total US bird population. Migrant birds have to change their routes through cities with skyscrapers.
Above all, now that animals choose 9 (lead) their urban life, we should learn to understand and appreciate our wild neighbours. Only in this way can we share our urban habitats with them 10 (harmonious).
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2024山东聊城期中)
Millions of migratory birds start arriving at the Yellow River Delta National Nature Reserve in Dongying, Shandong Province, in mid-October. They rest in the wetlands, feeding on a rich variety of food such as fish, shrimps and grain to build their 1 (strong). Some birds even make the wetlands 2 (they) home all year.
Zhao Yajie, 36, is a member of the team patrolling(巡逻) the wetlands every day 3 (ensure) a safe environment for the birds. Zhao started work at the reserve in 2014. Her main jobs are conducting scientific research on ecological restoration and protection, 4 monitoring the birds' conditions, such as their numbers and the different types of species at the reserve, along with the birds' environment.
Information gathered on the birds' habits helps Zhao and her colleagues create a better environment for them. To ensure these 5 (arrival) have sufficient food, the team has created 6 they call “small dining tables” for the birds.
Over the past nine years, Zhao 7 (visit) all the reserve's main areas. “Every year, I welcome migratory birds at the reserve and see them depart. I have seen some species several times, but 8 each occasion, I am just as excited as the first time,” she said.
In her spare time, Zhao gives speeches to students 9 (conduct) field studies at the reserve. “The students are very interested in the birds, plants and stunning landscape at the reserve. They will learn a lot, such as why Oriental storks communicate by clattering their bills and why some grass tastes 10 (salt). Students can also try their hand at making nests,” she said.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
(2024安徽皖江名校联考)
With needle-like teeth and a sharp pointed nose, a gray nurse shark isn't a creature that most people would want to meet. But Shalise Leesfield isn't one of them.
The Australian teenager couldn't think of a better creature to meet when scuba-diving off the coast of South West Rocks, near her home in Port Macquarie, a coastal town north of Sydney.
“Many people say gray nurse sharks look terrifying, but I think they are the sweetest animals ever,” she says.
The slow-moving sharks, which like to stay near the seafloor in warm, shallow waters, are—for the most part—harmless to humans. But the gray nurse shark is under threat. Populations have fallen and habitats have been lost due to ocean warming and human development, according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), which lists the species as seriously endangered.
One area where they can still be seen is Fish Rock Cave, an underwater cavern (大洞穴) with a unique ecosystem, 40 miles up the coast from Leesfield's home. But fishers are allowed access within 200 meters of Fish Rock Cave. This is leading to a drop in the number of gray nurse sharks and increasing pollution, says Leesfield. She wants to enlarge the no-fishing area, establishing a protected zone.
With Leesfield's efforts, the area has been nominated as a Hope Spot, which is part of the Mission Blue program launched by famous oceanographer Sylvia Earle that identifies places as critically important to the ocean's health and supports protection.
“When people think about Hope Spots, they think about Sydney Harbour or the Great Barrier Reef. So to get Fish Rock Cave up on that list is just such incredible news,” she says.
Now, Leesfield is working with politician Cate Faehrmann, marine spokesperson for the Australian Greens Party in New South Wales, to legalize protection of the sharks and make the no-fishing zone protected by the law.
1.What does “them” refer to in the first paragraph
A.Gray nurse sharks. B.Common people.
C.People fearing gray nurse sharks. D.Fishers.
2.What has led to gray nurse sharks' being seriously endangered
A.The development of tourism in the ocean.
B.The sharks' preference for staying in shallow waters.
C.The feature of gray nurse sharks' slow-moving.
D.Fishers' being permitted within 200 meters of Fish Rock Cave.
3.What will Leesfield and Faehrmann do to protect gray nurse sharks
A.Recommend Fish Rock Cave as a Hope Spot being protected.
B.Identify the Hope Spot area as being critically crucial.
C.Make Fish Rock Cave more popular among fishers nearby.
D.Make laws to protect the no-fishing zone near Fish Rock Cave.
4.Which could be the best title of the article
A.The Australian teenager is on a mission to protect sharks
B.Increasing pollution leads to gray nurse sharks endangered
C.Gray nurse sharks are in danger!
D.Let's establish a protected zone to cope with pollution!
B
(2024天津河西区期中)
My doctor took me for a walk around the farm where she lives. I was physically and emotionally exhausted and discouraged by anxiety and depression.
The place was full of life. There were insects, horses, rabbits and a cat. She told me to focus on my body in the environment.
When I was ill, I tended to retreat into my mind and disconnect from the here and now. So, when I met a horse named Fira, I expected nothing.
As I got closer to Fira, she nuzzled(用鼻子轻轻摩擦) my chest, putting gentle pressure over my heart. Something happened inside me: I felt as if I had reached a wellspring (源泉)of past hurts, fears and failures. I began to melt emotionally.
I patted Fira's nose and breathed in her smell. I found I didn't have to concentrate on feeling better; Fira helped me feel loved and safe.
I worked with Fira often, learning basic communication and leading methods to work together with her. Initially, I wasn't sure exactly what one would do with a horse except riding it. But I knew that Fira had touched me in an uncommon way and had made me feel better. She connected with me by reacting to my emotional state and reflecting it back to me in an open, affectionate way.
In my meetings with Fira, I found that I lost my usual self-consciousness and I would focus entirely on communicating.
I learned to live in the present, to focus on what was happening this day, at this moment, in this place. I learned to forget the past, with all its hurts. I learned to forget the future, which hasn't happened yet. When you stand beside a horse, you exist completely in the moment.
With Fira by my side, I saw into a life in which trust comes first, and compassion follows.
I found a deep peace in leading her along a path, by using my own power of intention to indicate whether to start, stop, turn left or turn right. I felt inner quiet and even joy. My work with this horse was part of a journey out of a very dark night in my soul.
5.What do we know about the author from the first three paragraphs
A.She often lost consciousness. B.She loves animals very much.
C.She suffered from mental illness. D.She went to a doctor with high hopes.
6.What can we know about the author when she met Fira for the first time
A.She felt deeply touched. B.She had already recovered from her pain.
C.She was curious about what would happen. D.She became grateful for her past pain.
7.What does the underlined phrase in Paragraph 3 mean
A.Get out of trouble. B.Keep away from others. C.Lift my spirits. D.Make up my mind.
8.What did the author learn during her time with Fira
A.It is important to make every day count. B.One shouldn't be affected by emotions.
C.One should learn lessons from the past. D.It is most crucial to show sympathy for others.
答案与分层梯度式解析
Unit 6 Survival
Part 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.garbage 2.crimes 3.thieves
易错归因
本题易错填thiefs,主要原因是对以-f/-fe结尾的可数名词变复数的规则不清楚。该规则是把f/fe变为v,再加-es。可以借助以下口诀掌握这些变化的词:小偷(thief)和妻子(wife)头戴叶子(leaf),拿着小刀(knife)去杀狼(wolf),走了一半(half),碰倒了架子(shelf)。但要注意:roof(屋顶)和proof(证据)两个词虽以-f结尾,但其复数形式是在词尾直接加-s,而不是变f为v加-es。
4.estimated 5.crucial
Ⅱ.1.greedy 考查形容词。句意:有些人在金钱方面很贪婪,这可能会破坏他们至关重要的关系。设空处在句中作系动词are的表语,结合句意可知此处表示“贪婪的,贪心的”,应用greed的形容词形式,故填greedy。
2.with 考查介词。句意:李小姐能说一口流利的俄语,这使她很容易与当地人打成一片。fit in with为固定搭配,意为 “与……相适应或相协调”。故填with。
3.doing 考查动名词。commit oneself to (doing) sth.意为“使自己致力于(做)某事”,其中to为介词。故填doing。
4.taking 考查动名词。句意:医生建议她少吃高脂肪的食物以改善她的健康状况。restrict oneself to doing sth.意为“限制某人做某事”,其中to 为介词。故填taking。
5.being given 考查非谓语动词。句意:我很感激能有机会参加这次英语比赛。appreciate doing意为“感激做某事”,主语I 与give之间为被动关系,应用动名词的被动形式作宾语。故填being given。
6.are restricted 考查动词的时态、语态及主谓一致。句意:由于肉类和奶制品容易变质,大多数3D食品打印现在仅限于干燥的食材。分析句子结构可知,because引导原因状语从句,because前边为主句,主句中缺少谓语,则空处应填谓语动词。由主句中的now及句意可知此处为客观陈述,表示现阶段的一般情况,应用一般现在时;主句主语Most of the 3D food prints与restrict之间为被动关系,应用一般现在时的被动语态;主语为复数形式,故填are restricted。
7.to wait 考查动词不定式。句意:尚未决定采用哪一项计划,因此,我们别无选择,只能等待。have no choice but to do为固定搭配,意为“别无选择只能做……”。故填to wait。
Ⅲ.1.under construction 2.in my way 3.crashed into 4.figure out
Ⅳ.1.I would appreciate it if 2.to commit a mistake
3.Only after talking to two students did I realize
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.whose 考查定语从句。设空处前面内容意思完整,不缺成分,设空处无提示词,逗号前面的名词car与空后的window有所属关系,故此处应是whose引导的非限制性定语从句。whose在从句中作定语修饰window。
2.be witnessed 考查语态。句意:除了开普敦,全世界其他市区也能见到野生动物。分析句子结构可知,本句中谓语部分不完整,wild animals与witness为被动关系,所以填be witnessed,与can一起构成谓语。
3.but 考查连词。句意:这可能不是因为野生动物占领了我们的城市,而是因为我们人类入侵了它们的自然栖息地。not...but...不是……而是……。
4.In 考查介词。in the meantime在此期间,与此同时。
5.have developed 考查动词时态和主谓一致。设空处为该句的谓语,由时间状语So far可知此处应用现在完成时,主语some animals为复数形式,故填have developed。
6.more intelligent 考查形容词比较级。设空处在系动词are后作表语,结合语境和空后的than可知此处应用形容词比较级。
7.studies 考查名词的数。分析句子结构可知设空处作主语,谓语动词为estimate,因此主语应该用复数名词。句意:最近的研究估计,在美国每年有超过四亿只鸟死于撞击窗户,占美国鸟类总数的百分之十左右。
8.making 考查现在分词。分析句子结构可知,that从句中已有谓语die from,因此设空处为非谓语动词。more than 400 million birds与make up 为主动关系,因此用现在分词形式作状语。
9.to lead 考查动词不定式。choose to do sth.选择做某事,因此填to lead。
10.harmoniously 考查副词。此处在句中作状语,因此用副词形式。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 这是一篇新闻报道。本文主要讲述了许多种类的鸟来到了山东省东营市黄河三角洲国家级自然保护区,那里的工作人员为鸟儿们创造了一个更好的生活环境。
1.strength 考查名词。句意:它们在湿地休息,吃丰富多样的食物,如鱼、虾和谷物,以增强它们的力量。由句意及空前的build their可知此处应用名词作build的宾语,表示“力量;力气”,故填strength。
2.their 考查形容词性物主代词。句意:有些鸟甚至把湿地当作它们全年的家。由句意及空后的名词home可知此处应用形容词性物主代词作定语。故填their。
3.to ensure 考查不定式。句意:36岁的赵亚杰是每天巡逻湿地的团队成员,以确保鸟类的环境安全。句中已有谓语动词即系动词is,空处应用非谓语动词。根据句意可知,此处表示目的,应用不定式作目的状语。故填to ensure。
4.and 考查连词。句意:她的主要工作是进行生态恢复和保护的科学研究,并监测鸟类的状况,如它们的数量和保护区的不同种类的物种以及鸟类的环境。根据句意及空前的are conducting和空后的monitoring可知,此处表示并列,应用并列连词and。
5.arrivals 考查名词的数。句意:为了确保这些到达者有足够的食物,这个团队为鸟类创造了他们所谓的“小餐桌”。根据句意及空前的To ensure these可知,此处作ensure的宾语,表示“到达者”;再根据these可知,此处用复数,故填arrivals。
6.what 考查连接代词。句意同上。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导宾语从句,作created的宾语,且从句中缺少宾语,表示“……的东西”,应用引导词what。
7.has visited 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:在过去的九年里,赵已经参观了该保护区的所有主要区域。根据时间状语Over the past nine years可知,此句用现在完成时,且主语是Zhao,故填has visited。
8.on 考查介词。句意:我已经见过一些物种好几次了,但每一次我都和第一次一样兴奋……。on each occasion为固定短语,表示“每一次”,故填on。
9.conducting 考查现在分词。句意:业余时间,赵会给在保护区进行实地研究的学生做演讲。句中已有谓语动词gives,设空处应用非谓语动词。根据句意可知设空处作后置定语修饰students,students与conduct之间为逻辑上的主动关系,应用现在分词表主动,故填conducting。
10.salty 考查形容词。句意:他们会学到很多东西,比如为什么东方白鹳通过喙发出咔嗒声来交流,为什么有些草尝起来是咸的。由句意及空前的系动词tastes可知设空处应用形容词作表语,表示“咸的”,故填salty。
【高频词汇】 1.ensure vt.确保;保证 2.restoration n.修复;恢复 3.monitor vt.监视;监听 4.depart v.离开
5.occasion n.场合;时刻;某次
Ⅲ.A
◎语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是一名澳大利亚青少年致力于保护沙锥齿鲨的故事。
1.C 词义猜测题。根据文章第一段第一句“With needle-like teeth and a sharp pointed nose, a gray nurse shark isn't a creature that most people would want to meet.”可知,大多数人都不愿遇到有着针状牙齿和尖尖鼻子的沙锥齿鲨,由此可知这些人对沙锥齿鲨是心怀恐惧的。根据画线词所在句尤其是该句开头的But可知,Shalise Leesfield对沙锥齿鲨的态度与这些人不一样,所以them指代的是那些害怕沙锥齿鲨的人。故选C。
2.D 细节理解题。根据文章第五段中的“But fishers are allowed access within 200 meters...gray nurse sharks and increasing pollution”可知,渔民被允许进入鱼岩200米范围内导致了沙锥齿鲨数量的减少和污染的加剧。再结合第四段最后一句中的“lists the species as seriously endangered”可知选D。
3.D 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Now, Leesfield is working with politician Cate Faehrmann...to legalize protection of the sharks and make the no-fishing zone protected by the law.”可知现在Leesfield正致力于使保护鲨鱼合法化,并使禁渔区受到法律保护。故选D。
4.A 主旨大意题。文章前三段讲的是故事的背景,指出澳大利亚青少年Shalise Leesfield对沙锥齿鲨的态度是与众不同的;第四、五段对沙锥齿鲨的生存现状进行了分析,为Shalise Leesfield保护沙锥齿鲨这一使命提供了背景知识;最后三段主要讲的是Shalise Leesfield为保护沙锥齿鲨做出的努力以及相应的成效。综上所述,文章主要是围绕澳大利亚青少年保护鲨鱼这一事件来展开的,所以A项(这位澳大利亚青少年正在执行保护鲨鱼的任务)作为文章的题目最为合适,故选A。
【高频词汇】 1.list...as...将……列为…… 2.unique adj.独特的 3.enlarge vt.扩大 4.establish vt.建立 5.mission n.使命;任务 6.launch vt.发起;发动
7.identify vt.确认,鉴定;找到,发现 8.incredible adj.难以置信的 9.feature n.特点;特色
【差距词汇】 1.nominate v.提名,推荐;任命,指派
2.critically adv.极其;十分 3.legalize v.使合法化
长难句
原句 With Leesfield's efforts, the area has been nominated as a Hope Spot, which is part of the Mission Blue program launched by famous oceanographer Sylvia Earle that identifies places as critically important to the ocean's health and supports protection.
分析 本句为主从复合句。句中“which is part of the Mission...protection”为which引导的非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词a Hope Spot,which在从句中作主语。在该定语从句中,过去分词短语“launched by famous oceanographer Sylvia Earle”以及定语从句“that identifies places as...and supports protection”一同修饰the Mission Blue program,其中关系代词that在定语从句中作主语。
译文 在Leesfield的努力下,该地区被提名为“希望点”,这是著名海洋学家Sylvia Earle发起的“蓝色使命”计划的一部分,该计划旨在确定对海洋健康至关重要的地方,并支持保护海洋。
B
◎语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是在作者患有精神疾病期间,她的医生带她去农场散步时,她与一匹叫做Fira的马相遇、相知以及到最后一起工作的过程,并在与这匹马相处时得出了要活在当下的人生感悟。
5.C 细节理解题。由文章第一段第二句“I was physically and emotionally exhausted and discouraged by anxiety and depression.(焦虑和抑郁使我身心俱疲,灰心丧气。)”及第三段中的“When I was ill, I tended to retreat into my mind”可知,作者患的是精神方面的疾病。故选C。
6.A 细节理解题。由文章第四段最后两句可知,作者第一次见到Fira时,被它的反应深深地触动了。故选A。
7.B 词义猜测题。由画线部分前的“When I was ill, I tended to”以及画线部分后的“and disconnect from the here and now”和“So, when I met a horse named Fira, I expected nothing.”可知,and表示上下文之间是顺承关系,所以画线部分的意思应与and之后的“disconnect from the here and now”意思相近,表示远离周围的一切。B项(远离其他人)与之意思一致,符合语境。故选B。retreat意为“躲避,逃避”。
8.A 推理判断题。由文章倒数第三段中的“I learned to live in the present”及“you exist completely in the moment”可知,当作者和Fira在一起的时候她学到了活在当下,让每一天都有意义是很重要的。故选A。
【高频词汇】 1.exhausted adj.筋疲力尽的,疲惫不堪的;用完的,耗尽的 2.discouraged adj.气馁的;泄气的;灰心的 3.concentrate on集中注意力于 4.initially adv.起初;最初 5.reflect vt.反映;显示,表明;认真思考
6.entirely adv.完全地 7.indicate v.暗示;表明 8.count vi.重要;有意义
【差距词汇】 1.retreat vi.躲避,逃避;撤退;离开
2.affectionate adj.深情的;表示关爱的 3.compassion n.同情,怜悯
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