2025外研版高中英语选择性必修第二册强化练习题--Unit 6 Part 2 Using language（含答案与解析）
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2025外研版高中英语选择性必修第二册
Unit 6 Survival
Part 2 Using language
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.We should reduce the use of (燃料) that release greenhouse gases.
2.I encountered many (远足者) who waved a friendly greeting to me with a smile, heading to a distant campground.
3.(2024广东揭阳校考)Organizers hope these events will boost the (消费) of coffee and cultural products, and promote the coordinated development of the two industries.
4.No matter what we do or what happens to us, it is always beneficial to adopt an o attitude.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1. (2019浙江) 校服在英国是一种传统,但一些学校正开始废除校服。(rid)
School uniforms are traditional in Britain, but some schools .
2.许多科学家认为,哭泣在某种程度上有助于我们应对情绪上的压力。(cope)
Many scientists believe that crying somehow .
3.只有提高我们的环境保护意识,我们才能使垃圾处于控制之中。
Only by raising our awareness of environmental conservation .
4.汤姆真的有点担心,因为他不知道父母对他糟糕的考试成绩会有什么反应。(一句多译)
①Tom was really a bit worried because he had no idea his poor examination results. (react)
②Tom was really a bit worried because he had no idea his poor examination results.(reaction)(读后续写—心理描写)
Ⅲ.单元语法专练
题型(一)
1.No matter I said, he wouldn't listen to me.
2. amusing the story is, I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week.
3.Apples are apparently a popular fruit no matter you go.
4.The three computers have their own strengths and weaknesses, so choose you like.
5.No matter you hire, you're going to spend a lot of time with him.
6.We should move on bravely difficulty we meet with.
题型(二)
根据汉语提示补全短文
Our school will hold a sports meeting next week. Although I am not good at sports, I still challenge myself and take part in the marathon.1. (无论我是赢还是输), this is my last chance. My mother often tells me, “2. (不管你做什么), you must be careful.” 3. (不管她说什么)has left me much to think. 4. (无论什么时候我遇到困难), she cheers me up. My mother will wait for me 5. (无论我在哪里). 6. (无论结果如何), I will try my best to compete in the game.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2024辽宁东北育才学校月考)
Wildlife populations around the world are facing dramatic declines, according to new figures that have led environmental campaigners to call for urgent action to rescue the natural world. The 2022 Living Planet Index (LPI), produced by the Zoological Society of London (ZSL), reveals that studied populations of mammals, birds, reptiles (爬行动物) and fish have seen an average decline of 69 per cent since 1970, faster than previous predictions. The LPI tracked global biodiversity between 1970 and 2018, based on the monitoring of a population of 31,821 of 5,230 vertebrate (脊椎动物) species. Mark Wright of WWF says the degree of decline is destructive and continues to worsen. “We are not seeing any really positive signs that we are beginning to bend the curve of nature,” he says.
Freshwater vertebrates have been among the hardest-hit populations, with monitored populations showing an average decline of 83 per cent since 1970. The Amazon River Dolphin, for example, has experienced a 65 per cent decline in its population between 1994 and 2016. Meanwhile, some of the most biodiverse regions of the world are seeing the steepest falls in wildlife, with the Caribbean and central and south America seeing average wildlife population declined by 94 per cent since 1970. Habitat loss and reduction is the largest driver of wildlife loss in all regions around the world, followed by species over exploitation by hunting, fishing or poaching (偷猎).
In December, 2022, governments from around the world gathered in Montreal, Canada, for COP15, a much-delayed summit that aims to agree on a set of new targets intended to prevent the loss of animals, plants and habitats globally by 2030. “This is a once-in-a-decade opportunity that's coming up,”says Robin Freeman of the ZSL. He says it is crucial that governments use the summit to agree on “meaningful, well measurable targets and goals”. “We need governments to take action to ensure that those goals deal with the complicated combined threats of climate change and biodiversity, in order for us to see a meaningful action,” says Freeman. But some researchers are critical of the LPI's use of a headline figure of decline, warning it is easy to be misunderstood.
The findings don't mean all species or populations worldwide are in decline. In fact, it is estimated that approximately half the populations show a stable or increasing trend, and half show a declining trend. “I think a more appropriate and useful way to look at it is to focus on specific species or populations,” says Hannah Ritchie at Our World in Data. But Wright says the LPI is a useful tool that reflects the findings of other biodiversity indicators. “All of those show they all scream that there is something going really very badly wrong,” says Wright.
1.What does the underlined phrase “bend the curve of nature” in the first paragraph mean
A.Loving and protecting nature. B.Preserving the diversity of nature.
C.Underestimating the benefits of nature. D.Destroying and changing nature.
2.What does the author want to show by mentioning the Amazon River Dolphin in Paragraph 2
A.The number of Amazon River Dolphins is on the rise.
B.Freshwater vertebrates are at risk of extinction.
C.There are no positive measures to protect nature.
D.Some of the world's wild animals are in decline.
3.What can we learn about people's reaction to the issue mentioned in the passage
A.It makes sense to focus on a particular species.
B.Preventing the loss of habitats by 2030 is certain to happen.
C.The new agreement on the prevention of habitat loss will be in vain.
D.The Caribbean wildlife has been well protected in recent decades.
4.Which of the following is the best title of the passage
A.COP15 B.Wildlife Population Declining Sharply
C.Urgent Action to Save the Earth D.Correct Interpretation of the LPI
Ⅱ.七选五
(2023重庆质量检测)
More than 2,000 kilometers long,the Great Barrier Reef shelters over 1,000 different fish species. 1 Many people have dived and had a look at them,but few know them like Valerie Taylor.
Valerie and her husband,Ron Taylor,were among the first to explore the Great Barrier Reef on film. 2 In 1974, Hollywood called them and the Taylors filmed live shark sequences (连续镜头) for Steven Spielberg's thriller Jaws(电影《大白鲨》).
Though the movie turned out to be a great success, it changed the public attitude towards sharks—they were terrified of them, and even hated them and began to hunt them. Shocked, the couple changed their lives forever and turned their attention to shark conservation. “We did every talk show we could and told the audience that Jaws was a fictional story—sharks don't behave that way and are actually mild animals, but people just didn't buy it,” said Valerie Taylor. “ 3 ”
Valerie Taylor played an important role in getting sharks protected. In 2012,South Australia renamed the Neptune Islands Group Marine Park after the Taylors because of their work protecting the oceans. 4 Human activities are endangering a species that has lived in the oceans for more than 400 million years.
5 “We've really made a bad impact,but it can be restricted, not everywhere but at least in some places. Sharks are part of the web of life,and so are the rest of the animals. If we fail to cope with the condition and protect them, there is a big price for us to pay.”
A.Taylors' achievements were much more than that.
B.However, despite her lifelong work, sharks are still at risk.
C.“We still have a long way to go,” now 83-year-old Valerie says.
D.Dolphins, whales and sharks swim around this underwater world.
E.It enjoyed beautiful undersea scenery totally beyond imagination.
F.In 1967, the couple spent six months filming its underwater habitats.
G.It was shocking that people knew so little about sharks but formed such a stubborn impression.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2023山东师范大学附属中学月考)
It was the first night of a tiring seven-day 250 km race across the Gobi Desert a year ago. Mr. Leonard 1 a little dog going around his camp trying to 2 herself.
“Cute, but I'm not giving you any,” Leonard thought. Like all 3 , he had packed just enough for the whole 4 . He'd been running competitively for three years, and he had a 5 to win.
The next day, at the starting line, the dog 6 him again. He waved her away, worried that she couldn't cope with dangerous situations and might be stepped on by the runners. 7 , the dog followed him all the way until the day's race 8 . That night the dog snuggled (依偎) up to Leonard and even 9 to get a little food from him. By then, he was determined to name her Gobi.
The pair went on to finish the seven-day race, with Gobi 10 a distance of 125 km on her own, and winning Leonard over, enough for him to make a 11 —he would take her home to Edinburgh. “Seeing Gobi in the race 12 my attitude to things. It made me think more about stopping and helping her, rather than just focusing on winning,” said Leonard, who finished second. “In the meantime, it also made my running more enjoyable, giving me a lot of pleasure.”
As Leonard was preparing to get Gobi home, she was missing. With a group of 20 local volunteers coming to his 13 , he finally found her. After that, Leonard never let Gobi out of 14 . Now Gobi's favorite activity is still running, and she 15 does at least 8 km a day with Leonard up the hills.
1.A.treated B.spotted
C.adopted D.recognized
2.A.feed B.water
C.entertain D.accommodate
3.A.hikers B.climbers
C.explorers D.competitors
4.A.plan B.course
C.day D.camp
5.A.desire B.chance
C.right D.tendency
6.A.bothered B.stopped
C.approached D.welcomed
7.A.Nevertheless B.Meanwhile
C.Therefore D.Otherwise
8.A.came along B.got down
C.kicked off D.wound up
9.A.expected B.managed
C.afforded D.begged
10.A.keeping B.setting
C.covering D.extending
11.A.decision B.choice
C.comment D.difference
12.A.sponsored B.acknowledged
C.challenged D.changed
13.A.rescue B.mind
C.assistance D.defense
14.A.reach B.way
C.hand D.sight
15.A.gradually B.routinely
C.eventually D.occasionally
答案与分层梯度式解析
Unit 6 Survival
Part 2 Using language
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.fuels 2.hikers 3.consumption 4.optimistic
Ⅱ.1.are starting to get rid of them 2.helps us cope with emotional stress 3.can we bring garbage under control 4.①how his parents would react to ②what his parents' reaction would be to
Ⅲ.题型(一)
1.what 考查让步状语从句。句意:不管我说什么,他都不听我的。分析句子结构可知,逗号前为“No matter ”引导的让步状语从句,said后缺少宾语,根据句意可知设空处表示“什么”,应用what。
2.However 考查让步状语从句。句意:不管这本小说多么有趣,这个星期我都得把它收起来,集中注意力学习。分析句子结构可知,逗号前为设空处引导的让步状语从句,设空处后有形容词amusing,根据句意可知设空处表示“无论多么”,应用however。设空处位于句首,首字母应大写。
3.where 考查让步状语从句。句意:显然,无论你去哪里,苹果都是很受欢迎的水果。分析句子结构可知,“no matter you go”为“no matter ”引导的让步状语从句,根据句意可知设空处表示“哪里”,故填where。
4.whichever 考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知,choose后为设空处引导的宾语从句,从句中like后缺少宾语。根据句中的“The three computers”可知此处表示范围,且指物,故填whichever,意为“无论哪个”。句意:这三台电脑都有各自的优点和缺点,所以选择你喜欢的那个。
5.who 考查让步状语从句。句意:不论你雇用谁,你都要和他共度很长的时光。分析句子结构可知,逗号前为“No matter ”引导的让步状语从句,hire后缺少宾语,根据句意可知设空处表示“谁”,应用who。
6.whatever 考查让步状语从句。句意:无论遇到什么困难,我们都应该勇敢前进。分析句子结构可知,空处引导让步状语从句,由句意可知此处表示“无论什么样的”,应用whatever作定语,修饰名词difficulty。故填whatever。
题型(二)
1.Whether I win or lose 2.Whatever/No matter what you do 3.Whatever she says 4.Whenever/No matter when I encounter difficulties 5.wherever/no matter where I am 6.No matter what/Whatever the result is
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了世界各地的野生动物数量正急剧下降,世界各国政府齐聚加拿大蒙特利尔,集思广益,制订计划拯救自然界。
1.B 词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“studied populations of mammals, birds, reptiles and fish have seen an average decline of 69 per cent since 1970”和“Mark Wright of WWF says the degree of decline is destructive and continues to worsen.”可知,上文谈到了地球生物多样性丧失的问题。根据画线部分所在句“We are not seeing any really positive signs that we are beginning to...(我们没有看到任何真正积极的迹象表明我们正在开始……)”再结合上文提到的问题可推知,此处指Mark Wright表示他没有看到人类有真正拯救地球生物多样性的积极迹象。由此可推断出,画线短语的意思与B项(保护自然的多样性)意思相近。故选B。
2.B 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Freshwater vertebrates have been among the hardest-hit populations...The Amazon River Dolphin, for example...and 2016.”可知,作者提到亚马孙河海豚是为了表明淡水脊椎动物一直是受影响最严重的种群之一,由此可推知一些淡水脊椎动物面临灭绝的危险。故选B。
3.A 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“I think a more appropriate and useful way to look at it is to focus on specific species or populations”可知,人们认为对于某一特定物种的关注是有意义的。故选A。
4.B 主旨大意题。文章第一段中的“Wildlife populations around the world are facing dramatic declines...rescue the natural world.”提出世界各地的野生动物数量正面临急剧下降这一话题,第二段通过列举一系列数字说明世界各地野生动物数量正面临急剧下降的状况,第三段主要讲的是为改变这一现状世界各国政府所做出的努力,最后一段讲的是如何正确看待这一发现。纵观全文可知,文章主要讲述了世界各地的野生动物数量正面临急剧下降以及人们要采取措施拯救自然世界。所以B项(野生动物数量急剧下降)作为本文标题最合适。故选B。
【高频词汇】 1.dramatic adj.急剧的;巨大的;激动人心的 2.urgent adj.紧急的;急迫的 3.monitor vt.监控;监听;跟踪调查 4.destructive adj.破坏性的 5.target n.目标;靶子 6.complicated adj.复杂的 7.critical adj.批判性的;关键的 8.approximately adv.大约;约莫
【差距词汇】 measurable adj.可测量的;明白可见的
长难句
原句 In December, 2022, governments from around the world gathered in Montreal, Canada, for COP15, a much-delayed summit that aims to agree on a set of new targets intended to prevent the loss of animals, plants and habitats globally by 2030.
分析 这是一个主从复合句。句中“a much-delayed summit”为COP15的同位语;关系代词that引导定语从句,修饰先行词summit,that在从句中作主语,从句谓语动词为aims,宾语为“to agree on a set of new targets”,“intended to prevent the loss of animals, plants and habitats globally by 2030”为过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰targets。
译文 2022年12月,世界各国政府聚集在加拿大蒙特利尔,参加《生物多样性公约》第十五次缔约方大会,这是一个久经推迟的峰会,旨在就一系列新目标达成一致,这些新目标旨在到2030年防止全球动物、植物和栖息地的丧失。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文,介绍了Valerie Taylor与丈夫为电影《大白鲨》拍摄鲨鱼镜头和保护鲨鱼的事迹。
1.D 过渡句。设空处前文提到大堡礁有两千多千米长,庇护着一千多种不同的鱼类。设空处后文说很多人都潜水过,看过它们,但很少有人像Valerie Taylor那样了解它们。结合选项可知D项(海豚、鲸鱼和鲨鱼在这个海底世界游来游去)描述大堡礁中的生物物种,承接前文的“different fish species”,同时引出下文对人们观赏它们的介绍,承上启下,符合语境,故选D。
2.F 细节句。空后提到“1974年,好莱坞给他们打来电话,泰勒夫妇为史蒂文·斯皮尔伯格的惊悚片《大白鲨》现场拍摄了鲨鱼镜头”,F项“1967年,这对夫妇花了6个月的时间拍摄它的水下栖息地。”表示拍摄水下栖息地的时间是在1974年前,符合时间逻辑和前后文语境。故选F。
3.G 细节句。本空为Valerie说的话,空前提到“我们做了所有能做的访谈节目,告诉观众《大白鲨》是一个虚构的故事——鲨鱼不会那样做,它们实际上是温和的动物,但人们就是不相信。”这里描述了人们被电影中鲨鱼的表现欺骗并信以为真以及泰勒夫妇为改变人们对鲨鱼的看法以保护鲨鱼所做的努力。G项“令人震惊的是,人们对鲨鱼知之甚少,却形成了如此顽固的印象”为Valerie对此现象的看法,承接上文,符合语境。故选G。
4.B 过渡句。设空处所在段的第一句提到Valerie Taylor在保护鲨鱼中发挥了重要作用。空后提到“人类活动正在危及一个已经在海洋中生活了四亿多年的物种”,描述鲨鱼目前仍然受到威胁。分析选项可知B项“然而,尽管她付出了一生的努力,鲨鱼仍然处于危险之中”对上文进行转折,表明虽然Valerie Taylor付出了很多,但仍没有改变鲨鱼的处境,引出后文鲨鱼仍然受到威胁的现状,承上启下,符合语境。故选B。
5.C 主旨句。根据空后提到的“我们确实造成了不好的影响”可以看出, 保护鲨鱼还需要继续进行。C项“现年83岁的Valerie说:‘我们还有很长的路要走。’”说明保护鲨鱼的工作任重而道远,引出下文对保护鲨鱼的重要性的论述,概括了本段内容。故选C。
【高频词汇】 1.shelter v.庇护n.庇护所 2.turn out to be结果是 3.fictional adj.虚构的 4.endanger v.危及;危害 5.stubborn adj.顽固的;难以去除的
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了热爱跑步的Leonard在参加一场历时7天、全长250千米的跑步比赛时发现了一只小狗,小狗一直跟随他跑完了比赛,最后他把小狗带回家的故事。
1.B 根据语境可知,此处是说Leonard先生在参加横跨戈壁沙漠的跑步比赛时发现了一只小狗,这只小狗围着他的营地转。spot意为“看见,发现”,符合语境,故选B。A.对待,治疗;C.收养;D.辨认出,认出。
2.A 根据第二段的“Cute, but I'm not giving you any”“he had packed just enough for the whole 4 ”和第三段的“get a little food from him”可知,小狗是在找东西吃。feed“喂养”符合语境,故选A。B.给……浇水;C.娱乐;D.为……提供住宿。
3.D 根据第一段的“a tiring seven-day 250 km race”及第三段的“runners”可知,和所有的参赛者一样,Leonard带的食物只够整个赛程吃。competitor“参赛者”,符合语境。故选D。A.徒步旅行者;B.登山者;C.探险者,勘探者。
4.B 根据语境可知Leonard在参加一个历时7天的比赛,他只带够了整个路线需要的食物,没有带多余的。course“跑道,路线”符合语境,故选B。A.计划;C.一天;D.营地。
5.A 根据“He'd been running competitively for three years”和第四段中的“just focusing on winning”可知, Leonard很渴望获得比赛的胜利。have a desire to do sth.为固定搭配,意为“渴望做某事”,符合语境,故选A。A.愿望,渴望;B.机会;C.权利;D.趋势。
6.C 根据下文中的“waved her away”可知,第二天,在起跑线处,这只狗又靠近Leonard。approach意为“靠近,接近”,符合语境,故选C。A.打扰;B.阻止;D.欢迎。
7.A 根据上文“He waved her away”及下文“the dog followed him all the way until the day's race 8 ”可知,设空处前后存在转折关系,应用表示转折意义的副词。nevertheless意为“尽管如此,然而”,符合语境,故选A。B.同时;C.因此;D.否则。
8.D 根据“the dog followed him all the way”可知,这只狗一直跟着Leonard,直到当天的比赛结束。A.出现;B.俯身;C.踢开;D.结束。故选D。
9.B 根据第二段中的“‘Cute, but I'm not giving you any,’ Leonard thought.”以及本段中的“That night the dog snuggled up to Leonard and even...”和“By then, he was determined to name her Gobi.”可推断,这只狗跟了Leonard一天,他对这只狗渐渐熟悉起来,给它取了名字,由此猜测Leonard也会给它食物。由此可知此处指这只狗设法从Leonard那里弄到了一点食物。manage to do sth.意为“设法做成某事”,符合语境。故选B。A.期待;B.设法做成;C.买得起,承担得起(后果),提供;D.恳求。
10.C 根据下文中的“a distance of 125 km on her own, and winning Leonard over”可知,Gobi独自跑了125千米。cover在这里意为“行走(一段路程)”,符合语境,故选C。A.保持;B.设置;D.扩展。
11.A 根据下文“he would take her home to Edinburgh”可知Leonard决定将Gobi带回家,此处指他做出了决定,make a decision意为“做决定”,符合语境,故选A。B.选择;C.评论;D.不同,差异。
12.D 根据下文“It made me think more about stopping and helping her, rather than just focusing on winning”可知,比赛中遇到Gobi使Leonard改变了自己对事物的态度。A.赞助;B.承认;C.挑战;D.改变。故选D。
13.C 根据后文“he finally found her”可知,Leonard是在当地志愿者的帮助下找到走失的Gobi的。come to one's assistance意为“来帮助某人”,符合语境,故选C。come to one's rescue来营救某人;come to one's mind某人想起……;defense防御。
14.D 根据语境可知,在找到走失的Gobi之后,Leonard再也没有让Gobi离开过他的视线。out of sight意为“看不见;在视野之外”,符合语境,故选D。out of reach够不到;out of hand无法控制。
15.B 根据前文“Now Gobi's favorite activity is still running”和后文“does at least 8 km a day with Leonard up the hills”尤其是“8 km a day”可知,Leonard每天和Gobi爬山。routinely意为“日常地;常规地”,符合语境,故选B。A.逐渐地;C.最终;D.偶尔。
【高频词汇】 1.pack v.装,收拾,打包 2.competitively adv.竞争性地,竞争地 3.step on 踩上,踩到 4.be determined to do下决心去做 5.rather than 而不是
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2025外研版高中英语选择性必修第二册
Unit 6 Survival
Part 2 Using language
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.We should reduce the use of (燃料) that release greenhouse gases.
2.I encountered many (远足者) who waved a friendly greeting to me with a smile, heading to a distant campground.
3.(2024广东揭阳校考)Organizers hope these events will boost the (消费) of coffee and cultural products, and promote the coordinated development of the two industries.
4.No matter what we do or what happens to us, it is always beneficial to adopt an o attitude.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1. (2019浙江) 校服在英国是一种传统,但一些学校正开始废除校服。(rid)
School uniforms are traditional in Britain, but some schools .
2.许多科学家认为,哭泣在某种程度上有助于我们应对情绪上的压力。(cope)
Many scientists believe that crying somehow .
3.只有提高我们的环境保护意识,我们才能使垃圾处于控制之中。
Only by raising our awareness of environmental conservation .
4.汤姆真的有点担心,因为他不知道父母对他糟糕的考试成绩会有什么反应。(一句多译)
①Tom was really a bit worried because he had no idea his poor examination results. (react)
②Tom was really a bit worried because he had no idea his poor examination results.(reaction)(读后续写—心理描写)
Ⅲ.单元语法专练
题型(一)
1.No matter I said, he wouldn't listen to me.
2. amusing the story is, I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week.
3.Apples are apparently a popular fruit no matter you go.
4.The three computers have their own strengths and weaknesses, so choose you like.
5.No matter you hire, you're going to spend a lot of time with him.
6.We should move on bravely difficulty we meet with.
题型(二)
根据汉语提示补全短文
Our school will hold a sports meeting next week. Although I am not good at sports, I still challenge myself and take part in the marathon.1. (无论我是赢还是输), this is my last chance. My mother often tells me, “2. (不管你做什么), you must be careful.” 3. (不管她说什么)has left me much to think. 4. (无论什么时候我遇到困难), she cheers me up. My mother will wait for me 5. (无论我在哪里). 6. (无论结果如何), I will try my best to compete in the game.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2024辽宁东北育才学校月考)
Wildlife populations around the world are facing dramatic declines, according to new figures that have led environmental campaigners to call for urgent action to rescue the natural world. The 2022 Living Planet Index (LPI), produced by the Zoological Society of London (ZSL), reveals that studied populations of mammals, birds, reptiles (爬行动物) and fish have seen an average decline of 69 per cent since 1970, faster than previous predictions. The LPI tracked global biodiversity between 1970 and 2018, based on the monitoring of a population of 31,821 of 5,230 vertebrate (脊椎动物) species. Mark Wright of WWF says the degree of decline is destructive and continues to worsen. “We are not seeing any really positive signs that we are beginning to bend the curve of nature,” he says.
Freshwater vertebrates have been among the hardest-hit populations, with monitored populations showing an average decline of 83 per cent since 1970. The Amazon River Dolphin, for example, has experienced a 65 per cent decline in its population between 1994 and 2016. Meanwhile, some of the most biodiverse regions of the world are seeing the steepest falls in wildlife, with the Caribbean and central and south America seeing average wildlife population declined by 94 per cent since 1970. Habitat loss and reduction is the largest driver of wildlife loss in all regions around the world, followed by species over exploitation by hunting, fishing or poaching (偷猎).
In December, 2022, governments from around the world gathered in Montreal, Canada, for COP15, a much-delayed summit that aims to agree on a set of new targets intended to prevent the loss of animals, plants and habitats globally by 2030. “This is a once-in-a-decade opportunity that's coming up,”says Robin Freeman of the ZSL. He says it is crucial that governments use the summit to agree on “meaningful, well measurable targets and goals”. “We need governments to take action to ensure that those goals deal with the complicated combined threats of climate change and biodiversity, in order for us to see a meaningful action,” says Freeman. But some researchers are critical of the LPI's use of a headline figure of decline, warning it is easy to be misunderstood.
The findings don't mean all species or populations worldwide are in decline. In fact, it is estimated that approximately half the populations show a stable or increasing trend, and half show a declining trend. “I think a more appropriate and useful way to look at it is to focus on specific species or populations,” says Hannah Ritchie at Our World in Data. But Wright says the LPI is a useful tool that reflects the findings of other biodiversity indicators. “All of those show they all scream that there is something going really very badly wrong,” says Wright.
1.What does the underlined phrase “bend the curve of nature” in the first paragraph mean
A.Loving and protecting nature. B.Preserving the diversity of nature.
C.Underestimating the benefits of nature. D.Destroying and changing nature.
2.What does the author want to show by mentioning the Amazon River Dolphin in Paragraph 2
A.The number of Amazon River Dolphins is on the rise.
B.Freshwater vertebrates are at risk of extinction.
C.There are no positive measures to protect nature.
D.Some of the world's wild animals are in decline.
3.What can we learn about people's reaction to the issue mentioned in the passage
A.It makes sense to focus on a particular species.
B.Preventing the loss of habitats by 2030 is certain to happen.
C.The new agreement on the prevention of habitat loss will be in vain.
D.The Caribbean wildlife has been well protected in recent decades.
4.Which of the following is the best title of the passage
A.COP15 B.Wildlife Population Declining Sharply
C.Urgent Action to Save the Earth D.Correct Interpretation of the LPI
Ⅱ.七选五
(2023重庆质量检测)
More than 2,000 kilometers long,the Great Barrier Reef shelters over 1,000 different fish species. 1 Many people have dived and had a look at them,but few know them like Valerie Taylor.
Valerie and her husband,Ron Taylor,were among the first to explore the Great Barrier Reef on film. 2 In 1974, Hollywood called them and the Taylors filmed live shark sequences (连续镜头) for Steven Spielberg's thriller Jaws(电影《大白鲨》).
Though the movie turned out to be a great success, it changed the public attitude towards sharks—they were terrified of them, and even hated them and began to hunt them. Shocked, the couple changed their lives forever and turned their attention to shark conservation. “We did every talk show we could and told the audience that Jaws was a fictional story—sharks don't behave that way and are actually mild animals, but people just didn't buy it,” said Valerie Taylor. “ 3 ”
Valerie Taylor played an important role in getting sharks protected. In 2012,South Australia renamed the Neptune Islands Group Marine Park after the Taylors because of their work protecting the oceans. 4 Human activities are endangering a species that has lived in the oceans for more than 400 million years.
5 “We've really made a bad impact,but it can be restricted, not everywhere but at least in some places. Sharks are part of the web of life,and so are the rest of the animals. If we fail to cope with the condition and protect them, there is a big price for us to pay.”
A.Taylors' achievements were much more than that.
B.However, despite her lifelong work, sharks are still at risk.
C.“We still have a long way to go,” now 83-year-old Valerie says.
D.Dolphins, whales and sharks swim around this underwater world.
E.It enjoyed beautiful undersea scenery totally beyond imagination.
F.In 1967, the couple spent six months filming its underwater habitats.
G.It was shocking that people knew so little about sharks but formed such a stubborn impression.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2023山东师范大学附属中学月考)
It was the first night of a tiring seven-day 250 km race across the Gobi Desert a year ago. Mr. Leonard 1 a little dog going around his camp trying to 2 herself.
“Cute, but I'm not giving you any,” Leonard thought. Like all 3 , he had packed just enough for the whole 4 . He'd been running competitively for three years, and he had a 5 to win.
The next day, at the starting line, the dog 6 him again. He waved her away, worried that she couldn't cope with dangerous situations and might be stepped on by the runners. 7 , the dog followed him all the way until the day's race 8 . That night the dog snuggled (依偎) up to Leonard and even 9 to get a little food from him. By then, he was determined to name her Gobi.
The pair went on to finish the seven-day race, with Gobi 10 a distance of 125 km on her own, and winning Leonard over, enough for him to make a 11 —he would take her home to Edinburgh. “Seeing Gobi in the race 12 my attitude to things. It made me think more about stopping and helping her, rather than just focusing on winning,” said Leonard, who finished second. “In the meantime, it also made my running more enjoyable, giving me a lot of pleasure.”
As Leonard was preparing to get Gobi home, she was missing. With a group of 20 local volunteers coming to his 13 , he finally found her. After that, Leonard never let Gobi out of 14 . Now Gobi's favorite activity is still running, and she 15 does at least 8 km a day with Leonard up the hills.
1.A.treated B.spotted
C.adopted D.recognized
2.A.feed B.water
C.entertain D.accommodate
3.A.hikers B.climbers
C.explorers D.competitors
4.A.plan B.course
C.day D.camp
5.A.desire B.chance
C.right D.tendency
6.A.bothered B.stopped
C.approached D.welcomed
7.A.Nevertheless B.Meanwhile
C.Therefore D.Otherwise
8.A.came along B.got down
C.kicked off D.wound up
9.A.expected B.managed
C.afforded D.begged
10.A.keeping B.setting
C.covering D.extending
11.A.decision B.choice
C.comment D.difference
12.A.sponsored B.acknowledged
C.challenged D.changed
13.A.rescue B.mind
C.assistance D.defense
14.A.reach B.way
C.hand D.sight
15.A.gradually B.routinely
C.eventually D.occasionally
答案与分层梯度式解析
Unit 6 Survival
Part 2 Using language
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.fuels 2.hikers 3.consumption 4.optimistic
Ⅱ.1.are starting to get rid of them 2.helps us cope with emotional stress 3.can we bring garbage under control 4.①how his parents would react to ②what his parents' reaction would be to
Ⅲ.题型(一)
1.what 考查让步状语从句。句意:不管我说什么,他都不听我的。分析句子结构可知,逗号前为“No matter ”引导的让步状语从句,said后缺少宾语,根据句意可知设空处表示“什么”,应用what。
2.However 考查让步状语从句。句意:不管这本小说多么有趣,这个星期我都得把它收起来,集中注意力学习。分析句子结构可知,逗号前为设空处引导的让步状语从句,设空处后有形容词amusing,根据句意可知设空处表示“无论多么”,应用however。设空处位于句首,首字母应大写。
3.where 考查让步状语从句。句意:显然,无论你去哪里,苹果都是很受欢迎的水果。分析句子结构可知,“no matter you go”为“no matter ”引导的让步状语从句,根据句意可知设空处表示“哪里”,故填where。
4.whichever 考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知,choose后为设空处引导的宾语从句,从句中like后缺少宾语。根据句中的“The three computers”可知此处表示范围,且指物,故填whichever,意为“无论哪个”。句意:这三台电脑都有各自的优点和缺点,所以选择你喜欢的那个。
5.who 考查让步状语从句。句意:不论你雇用谁,你都要和他共度很长的时光。分析句子结构可知,逗号前为“No matter ”引导的让步状语从句,hire后缺少宾语,根据句意可知设空处表示“谁”,应用who。
6.whatever 考查让步状语从句。句意:无论遇到什么困难,我们都应该勇敢前进。分析句子结构可知,空处引导让步状语从句,由句意可知此处表示“无论什么样的”,应用whatever作定语,修饰名词difficulty。故填whatever。
题型(二)
1.Whether I win or lose 2.Whatever/No matter what you do 3.Whatever she says 4.Whenever/No matter when I encounter difficulties 5.wherever/no matter where I am 6.No matter what/Whatever the result is
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了世界各地的野生动物数量正急剧下降,世界各国政府齐聚加拿大蒙特利尔,集思广益,制订计划拯救自然界。
1.B 词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“studied populations of mammals, birds, reptiles and fish have seen an average decline of 69 per cent since 1970”和“Mark Wright of WWF says the degree of decline is destructive and continues to worsen.”可知,上文谈到了地球生物多样性丧失的问题。根据画线部分所在句“We are not seeing any really positive signs that we are beginning to...(我们没有看到任何真正积极的迹象表明我们正在开始……)”再结合上文提到的问题可推知,此处指Mark Wright表示他没有看到人类有真正拯救地球生物多样性的积极迹象。由此可推断出,画线短语的意思与B项(保护自然的多样性)意思相近。故选B。
2.B 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Freshwater vertebrates have been among the hardest-hit populations...The Amazon River Dolphin, for example...and 2016.”可知,作者提到亚马孙河海豚是为了表明淡水脊椎动物一直是受影响最严重的种群之一,由此可推知一些淡水脊椎动物面临灭绝的危险。故选B。
3.A 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“I think a more appropriate and useful way to look at it is to focus on specific species or populations”可知,人们认为对于某一特定物种的关注是有意义的。故选A。
4.B 主旨大意题。文章第一段中的“Wildlife populations around the world are facing dramatic declines...rescue the natural world.”提出世界各地的野生动物数量正面临急剧下降这一话题,第二段通过列举一系列数字说明世界各地野生动物数量正面临急剧下降的状况,第三段主要讲的是为改变这一现状世界各国政府所做出的努力,最后一段讲的是如何正确看待这一发现。纵观全文可知,文章主要讲述了世界各地的野生动物数量正面临急剧下降以及人们要采取措施拯救自然世界。所以B项(野生动物数量急剧下降)作为本文标题最合适。故选B。
【高频词汇】 1.dramatic adj.急剧的;巨大的;激动人心的 2.urgent adj.紧急的;急迫的 3.monitor vt.监控;监听;跟踪调查 4.destructive adj.破坏性的 5.target n.目标;靶子 6.complicated adj.复杂的 7.critical adj.批判性的;关键的 8.approximately adv.大约;约莫
【差距词汇】 measurable adj.可测量的;明白可见的
长难句
原句 In December, 2022, governments from around the world gathered in Montreal, Canada, for COP15, a much-delayed summit that aims to agree on a set of new targets intended to prevent the loss of animals, plants and habitats globally by 2030.
分析 这是一个主从复合句。句中“a much-delayed summit”为COP15的同位语;关系代词that引导定语从句,修饰先行词summit,that在从句中作主语,从句谓语动词为aims,宾语为“to agree on a set of new targets”,“intended to prevent the loss of animals, plants and habitats globally by 2030”为过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰targets。
译文 2022年12月,世界各国政府聚集在加拿大蒙特利尔,参加《生物多样性公约》第十五次缔约方大会,这是一个久经推迟的峰会,旨在就一系列新目标达成一致,这些新目标旨在到2030年防止全球动物、植物和栖息地的丧失。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文,介绍了Valerie Taylor与丈夫为电影《大白鲨》拍摄鲨鱼镜头和保护鲨鱼的事迹。
1.D 过渡句。设空处前文提到大堡礁有两千多千米长,庇护着一千多种不同的鱼类。设空处后文说很多人都潜水过,看过它们,但很少有人像Valerie Taylor那样了解它们。结合选项可知D项(海豚、鲸鱼和鲨鱼在这个海底世界游来游去)描述大堡礁中的生物物种,承接前文的“different fish species”,同时引出下文对人们观赏它们的介绍,承上启下,符合语境,故选D。
2.F 细节句。空后提到“1974年,好莱坞给他们打来电话,泰勒夫妇为史蒂文·斯皮尔伯格的惊悚片《大白鲨》现场拍摄了鲨鱼镜头”,F项“1967年,这对夫妇花了6个月的时间拍摄它的水下栖息地。”表示拍摄水下栖息地的时间是在1974年前,符合时间逻辑和前后文语境。故选F。
3.G 细节句。本空为Valerie说的话,空前提到“我们做了所有能做的访谈节目,告诉观众《大白鲨》是一个虚构的故事——鲨鱼不会那样做,它们实际上是温和的动物,但人们就是不相信。”这里描述了人们被电影中鲨鱼的表现欺骗并信以为真以及泰勒夫妇为改变人们对鲨鱼的看法以保护鲨鱼所做的努力。G项“令人震惊的是,人们对鲨鱼知之甚少,却形成了如此顽固的印象”为Valerie对此现象的看法,承接上文,符合语境。故选G。
4.B 过渡句。设空处所在段的第一句提到Valerie Taylor在保护鲨鱼中发挥了重要作用。空后提到“人类活动正在危及一个已经在海洋中生活了四亿多年的物种”,描述鲨鱼目前仍然受到威胁。分析选项可知B项“然而,尽管她付出了一生的努力,鲨鱼仍然处于危险之中”对上文进行转折,表明虽然Valerie Taylor付出了很多,但仍没有改变鲨鱼的处境,引出后文鲨鱼仍然受到威胁的现状,承上启下,符合语境。故选B。
5.C 主旨句。根据空后提到的“我们确实造成了不好的影响”可以看出, 保护鲨鱼还需要继续进行。C项“现年83岁的Valerie说:‘我们还有很长的路要走。’”说明保护鲨鱼的工作任重而道远,引出下文对保护鲨鱼的重要性的论述,概括了本段内容。故选C。
【高频词汇】 1.shelter v.庇护n.庇护所 2.turn out to be结果是 3.fictional adj.虚构的 4.endanger v.危及;危害 5.stubborn adj.顽固的;难以去除的
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了热爱跑步的Leonard在参加一场历时7天、全长250千米的跑步比赛时发现了一只小狗,小狗一直跟随他跑完了比赛,最后他把小狗带回家的故事。
1.B 根据语境可知,此处是说Leonard先生在参加横跨戈壁沙漠的跑步比赛时发现了一只小狗,这只小狗围着他的营地转。spot意为“看见,发现”,符合语境,故选B。A.对待,治疗;C.收养;D.辨认出,认出。
2.A 根据第二段的“Cute, but I'm not giving you any”“he had packed just enough for the whole 4 ”和第三段的“get a little food from him”可知,小狗是在找东西吃。feed“喂养”符合语境,故选A。B.给……浇水;C.娱乐;D.为……提供住宿。
3.D 根据第一段的“a tiring seven-day 250 km race”及第三段的“runners”可知,和所有的参赛者一样,Leonard带的食物只够整个赛程吃。competitor“参赛者”,符合语境。故选D。A.徒步旅行者;B.登山者;C.探险者,勘探者。
4.B 根据语境可知Leonard在参加一个历时7天的比赛,他只带够了整个路线需要的食物,没有带多余的。course“跑道,路线”符合语境,故选B。A.计划;C.一天;D.营地。
5.A 根据“He'd been running competitively for three years”和第四段中的“just focusing on winning”可知, Leonard很渴望获得比赛的胜利。have a desire to do sth.为固定搭配,意为“渴望做某事”,符合语境,故选A。A.愿望,渴望;B.机会;C.权利;D.趋势。
6.C 根据下文中的“waved her away”可知,第二天,在起跑线处,这只狗又靠近Leonard。approach意为“靠近,接近”,符合语境,故选C。A.打扰;B.阻止;D.欢迎。
7.A 根据上文“He waved her away”及下文“the dog followed him all the way until the day's race 8 ”可知,设空处前后存在转折关系,应用表示转折意义的副词。nevertheless意为“尽管如此,然而”,符合语境,故选A。B.同时;C.因此;D.否则。
8.D 根据“the dog followed him all the way”可知,这只狗一直跟着Leonard,直到当天的比赛结束。A.出现;B.俯身;C.踢开;D.结束。故选D。
9.B 根据第二段中的“‘Cute, but I'm not giving you any,’ Leonard thought.”以及本段中的“That night the dog snuggled up to Leonard and even...”和“By then, he was determined to name her Gobi.”可推断,这只狗跟了Leonard一天,他对这只狗渐渐熟悉起来,给它取了名字,由此猜测Leonard也会给它食物。由此可知此处指这只狗设法从Leonard那里弄到了一点食物。manage to do sth.意为“设法做成某事”,符合语境。故选B。A.期待;B.设法做成;C.买得起,承担得起(后果),提供;D.恳求。
10.C 根据下文中的“a distance of 125 km on her own, and winning Leonard over”可知,Gobi独自跑了125千米。cover在这里意为“行走(一段路程)”,符合语境,故选C。A.保持;B.设置;D.扩展。
11.A 根据下文“he would take her home to Edinburgh”可知Leonard决定将Gobi带回家,此处指他做出了决定,make a decision意为“做决定”,符合语境,故选A。B.选择;C.评论;D.不同,差异。
12.D 根据下文“It made me think more about stopping and helping her, rather than just focusing on winning”可知,比赛中遇到Gobi使Leonard改变了自己对事物的态度。A.赞助;B.承认;C.挑战;D.改变。故选D。
13.C 根据后文“he finally found her”可知,Leonard是在当地志愿者的帮助下找到走失的Gobi的。come to one's assistance意为“来帮助某人”,符合语境,故选C。come to one's rescue来营救某人;come to one's mind某人想起……;defense防御。
14.D 根据语境可知,在找到走失的Gobi之后,Leonard再也没有让Gobi离开过他的视线。out of sight意为“看不见;在视野之外”,符合语境,故选D。out of reach够不到;out of hand无法控制。
15.B 根据前文“Now Gobi's favorite activity is still running”和后文“does at least 8 km a day with Leonard up the hills”尤其是“8 km a day”可知,Leonard每天和Gobi爬山。routinely意为“日常地;常规地”,符合语境,故选B。A.逐渐地;C.最终;D.偶尔。
【高频词汇】 1.pack v.装,收拾,打包 2.competitively adv.竞争性地,竞争地 3.step on 踩上,踩到 4.be determined to do下决心去做 5.rather than 而不是
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