2025外研版高中英语选择性必修第二册强化练习题--Unit 3 Part 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas（含答案与解析）
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2025外研版高中英语选择性必修第二册
Unit 3 Times change!
Part 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Tasting delicious, the fresh fruits were sold out as soon as they were put onto these (架子).
2.This wild animal will face the danger of extinction in several (十年), as the number continues to decrease.
3.Although new to the job, the young man showed outstanding (领导) skills at the event.
4. Every piece of f in their house matches the style of the house well.
5. She does some voluntary work constantly, caring for the e people.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.(2024湖南桃江联考)Bishop has played chess since he was a child, but he has never got the opportunity to take part in a (compete).
2.I was in sympathy you on your point because you offered a lot of persuasive evidence and carried out the deep research.
3.In the Olympic Games, the athletes from all over the world competed the honor of their motherland.
4.Luckily, the little boy was good hands in the nursery school after his parents died in an accident.
5.(2024广东东莞市东华高级中学开学测验改编)My friend called me for help when I was cooking, so I asked my husband to take cooking dinner and then started my car to help her pick up her kids.
6.After a busy morning, he went to work hurriedly and just when he arrived at the office, he was embarrassed (find) that he had put his clothes on backwards.
7.He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he (follow).
Ⅲ.选词填空
pop up;a bunch of;compete with;drop in
This morning, Tom called me and said that he would 1. on me. After a while, I heard a knock at the door. I opened the door and to my surprise and delight, 2. my friends 3. in front of me. They congratulated me on my wonderful performance in the basketball match. They said they were extremely motivated after they saw I 4. the rivals and defeated them bravely.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.他向母亲挥手告别,提着行李箱依依不舍地离开了。(wave)
He and left reluctantly with his suitcase. (读后续写—场景描写)
2.(2022天津写作)我很高兴邀请你加入我们。这将是所有英语爱好者的好机会。(glad)
I us. This will be a good chance for all English lovers.
3.出于对那个无家可归的孩子的同情,那家好心人收留他过夜。(sympathy)
, the kind family gave him shelter for the night.(读后续写—情节描写)
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
Having heard the Rainbow Bookstore was closing, I had a long chat with Casey, the store's elderly owner. He said 1 the development of technology, more and more people preferred to read e-books on tablets or buy books online. Now it was difficult 2 (run) an independent bookstore.
Childhood 3 (memory) came back to me so clearly, as if the events 4 (happen) only yesterday. When young, I, together with other kids, spent hours reading, 5 (seat) on the store's old but comfortable furniture. It's a pity to say goodbye to it.
A few months later, I returned to the neighborhood and was 6 (surprise) to see the bookstore still open. Stepping into it, I found that inside it was like 7 different world. I 8 (tell) that a saleswoman, 9 had grown up in the neighborhood, had now taken over the bookstore from Casey.
Now the bookstore has entered a new chapter. Corporate knowledge combined with 10 (create) plays a vital role in bringing it into the 21st century!
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2024黑龙江哈尔滨师范大学附属中学月考)
Today technological advances have led to a 1 (combine) of art and technology. As a result, the art world is changing greatly. Now art is more 2 (access) to us than ever before. Take for example one of China's most legendary paintings, Along the River During the Qingming Festival. As this artwork is rarely on display, people have sometimes queued up to six hours for 3 chance to see it. Once in front of the painting, they only have limited time to spend 4 (take) in its five metres of scenes along the Bian River in Bianjing. Thanks to technology, however, millions more people have been able 5 (experience) a digital version of this painting. Three-dimensional animation 6 (mean) that viewers can see the characters move around and interact with their surroundings.
However, the increase in the amount and variety of art produced has also raised questions over 7 (it) overall quality. Is the artist the creator of the art itself, 8 the maker of the technology behind it
Where technology 9 (take) art next is anyone's guess. But one thing is for sure— 10 so many artists exploring new possibilities, we can definitely expect the unexpected.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
(2024重庆市第一中学校月考)
Robots in space will be extracting (提取) gold from asteroids (小行星) within ten years if a new project backed by a Silicon Valley billionaire goes as planned. Peter Diamandis, the founder of Planetary Resources, said the company attempts to make the resources of space accessible to humanity.
The initial stage, to be achieved in the next 18 to 24 months, is to launch a series of private telescopes which will orbit Earth. These will be used to search for the right type of asteroids. The plan is to use commercially built robotic ships to extract rocket fuel and valuable minerals from the rocks that regularly pass by Earth. Diamandis predicts that they could have their version of a space-based petrol station up and running by 2025.
Several scientists not involved in the project argued that the project was daring, difficult and very pricey. They do not see how it could be cost-effective. But the founder of Planetary Resources has a track record of profiting from space exploration business. Diamandis was the first person to sell rides into space to tourists. “Before we started launching people into space as private citizens, people thought that that was a ridiculous idea,” Diamandis said. “This is a long-term project. But it's not a charity. It is intended to make money.” The idea that asteroids could be mined for resources has been around for years. There are probably 1,500 asteroids that pass near Earth, which would be good initial targets. They are at least 50 meters wide, and Diamandis figures ten percent of them have water and other valuable minerals.
Richard Binzel, a professor of planetary science at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, says, “The idea might be many decades ahead of its era. But you have to start somewhere as it might offer a new perspective of saving the earth from being over explored.”
1.What is supposed to be the first step of the project
A.Launching robots into Earth orbit. B.Sending some telescopes into space.
C.Building a space-based petrol station. D.Using robotic ships to extract rocket fuel.
2.How did Diamandis make money from space exploration business
A.By extracting valuable minerals. B.By extracting gold from asteroids.
C.By providing space travels for tourists. D.By being the first person to ride into space.
3.What does Richard Binzel think of the project
A.It is risky. B.It is complex.
C.It is worthwhile. D.It is demanding.
4.What is the text mainly talking about
A.Mining asteroids. B.Humans and asteroids.
C.Space exploration in progress. D.The project of extracting minerals.
B
(2023辽宁鞍山一中月考)
On a recent afternoon, Sarah Levy picked up an empty pickle jar (腌菜罐子) from a shelf in her store, sniffed it, and then suggested a customer fill it with soap. There's a take-a-jar, leave-a-jar policy at Cleenland, Levy's new “low-waste, no-shame” store that lets shoppers stock up on cleaning supplies using their own bottles. And as an early adopter of a new shift in American consumption habits, she has become expert at getting the pickle smell out of glass. “This is not a tendency; it's a rebirth of interest in reuse instead of recycling,” said Levy.
As consumers seek to limit the waste they create, more local entrepreneurs like Levy are stepping in to serve them and have begun opening stores—physical, mobile, and online. Boston General Store is selling a growing variety of zero-waste decorations. Make & Mend sells second-hand arts and crafts in Somerville's Bow Market.
Julia Wilson, who tracks business sustainability (可持续性) efforts for research firm Nielsen, says 73% of consumers are looking to shift their consumption habits to reduce their environmental impact, and she predicts that they'll spend $150 billion on sustainable goods by 2024. “It opens the door for new entrepreneurs who are thinking about things differently,” she said. Some entrepreneurs are using a “circular economy” model in which goods are delivered in strong packages and they are sent back when they're empty. Boston-based ThreeMain opened earlier this year selling cleaning products in reusable aluminum bottles. The most well-funded attempt, Loop, sells 100 major brands in reusable containers.
Levy recognizes the difficulty involved in changing consumer habits, but she says the model works because she's selling necessities. And she's hopeful, as zero-waste shops have exploded abroad in Britain, Canada, and particularly in Australia, where the non-profit Plastic Free Foundation launched the Plastic Free July campaign, which has become a global phenomenon.
5.Why are Boston General Store and Make & Mend mentioned according to the passage
A.To tell us many entrepreneurs ignore their customers' consumption habits.
B.To prove that many companies have taken action to expand their business.
C.To show many local companies have taken part in the low-waste campaign.
D.To prove that it is important to offer diverse products to the local customers.
6.According to Julia Wilson, what should entrepreneurs do in the future
A.Provide sustainable goods for the market.
B.Promote newly-branded goods on a regular basis.
C.Pay more attention to the quality of their goods. D.Make sure their goods are affordable and reusable.
7.What can we know from the last paragraph
A.Necessities are always in great demand in the market.
B.Non-profit organizations favor zero-waste lifestyles most.
C.Countries should work together to change consumer habits.
D.Levy believes zero-waste shops will be accepted worldwide.
8.How does the author support his opinion in the text
A.By giving examples. B.By analyzing causes. C.By making comparisons. D.By making predictions.
答案与分层梯度式解析
Unit 3 Times change!
Part 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.shelves 2.decades 3.leadership 4.furniture
5.elderly
Ⅱ.1.competition 考查名词。句意:毕晓普从小就下国际象棋,但他从来没有机会参加比赛。根据设空处前的不定冠词a可知,设空处应用名词单数形式;由句意可知设空处表示“比赛”,故填competition。
2.with 考查介词。句意:我赞同你的观点,因为你提出了很多有说服力的证据,并且进行了深入的研究。in sympathy with意为“赞同,支持”。
3.for 考查介词。句意:在奥运会上,来自世界各地的运动员们为了他们祖国的荣誉而比赛。compete for意为“为……而比赛”。
4.in 考查介词。句意:幸运的是,父母在一次事故中去世后,这个小男孩在幼儿园受到了很好的照顾。in good hands 意为“得到很好的照顾”。
5.over 考查副词。句意:我正在做饭的时候,我的朋友打来电话向我求助,所以我让我丈夫接替我做饭,然后我启动汽车去帮她接她的孩子。take over意为“接管”。
6.to find 考查动词不定式。句意:一早上的忙碌之后,他匆忙赶去上班,就在他到达办公室时,却尴尬地发现他把衣服穿反了。此处使用了“主语+be+表示心理活动的形容词+to do”结构,动词不定式作原因状语。be embarrassed to do sth.意为“做某事很尴尬”。故填to find。
7.was being followed 考查时态、语态及主谓一致。句意:他匆匆忙忙地回家,不曾回头看他是否被跟踪。由句意可知,此处表示过去某一时间段正在进行的动作,应用过去进行时。if引导的宾语从句中,he和follow之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态。主语是he,故填was being followed。
Ⅲ.1.drop in 2.a bunch of 3.popped up
4.competed with
Ⅳ.1.waved goodbye to his mother 2.am glad to invite you to join 3.Out of sympathy for the homeless child
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.with 考查介词。此处表示“随着科技的发展”,with 意为“随着”,符合语境。
2.to run 考查不定式。此处为“it+系动词+adj.+to do sth.”结构,it为形式主语,应用动词不定式作真正的主语。
3.memories 考查名词复数。句意:我清晰地回想起童年的情景,仿佛那些事就发生在昨天。根据句意可知此处表示童年的很多记忆,则memory在此处意为“记忆”,为可数名词,空前没有冠词等限定词修饰,空处应用其复数形式。
4.had happened 考查虚拟语气。句意同上题。此处as if引导方式状语从句,表示与过去的事实相反的情况,因此从句用过去完成时。
5.seated 考查过去分词。(be) seated on...意为“坐在……”,表示状态。此处是过去分词短语作状语。
易错归因
该题容易因思维定式而误填seating,想到中文里的“坐”是主动的,所以用了现在分词。这里需要转换思维,根据词的用法来判断。seat是及物动词,意思不是“坐”,而是“使……坐”,表示“人坐在……”时人和seat之间是被动关系,因此此处应用过去分词形式作状语。
6.surprised 考查形容词。be surprised to do sth.意为“做某事感到惊讶”,surprised表示“惊讶的”。故填surprised。
7.a 考查冠词。句意:走进它,我发现它里面就像一个不同的世界。此处表示泛指,且后面的different以辅音音素开头,故填a。
8.was told 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:有人告诉我,一个在附近长大的女售货员现在从凯西手中接管了书店。I与tell之间为被动关系,且事情发生在过去,应用一般过去时的被动语态。主语为I,be动词应用was。
9.who 考查定语从句。设空处无提示词,逗号前面为a saleswoman,两个逗号之间的部分缺少主语,故推测设空处引导非限制性定语从句。先行词为a saleswoman,关系词在从句中作主语,指人,应用who。这里指“一个在附近长大的女售货员”。
10.creativity 考查名词。由设空处前的介词with可知,设空处应用名词形式。由语境可知,设空处表示“创造力”,应用名词creativity。
易错归因
此处容易误填名词creation,看到create想当然地就填了其常用的以-ion为后缀的名词形式,而没有结合语境看这里适合的意思。这里指的是人的能力、特质,而creation意为“创造;创建;创作”,很明显不符合语境。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了时代的发展下技术的进步带来了艺术与技术的结合以及这一结合的优点和缺点。
1.combination 考查名词。句意:今天,技术进步带来了艺术与技术的结合。根据空前的不定冠词a和空后的介词of可知,空格处应用名词。combine是动词,其名词形式为combination,意为“结合”,不定冠词a后接可数名词单数形式,故填combination。
2.accessible 考查形容词。句意:现在我们比以往任何时候都更容易接触到艺术。根据空前的系动词is、空前的more和空后的than可知空格处应用形容词作表语,与more构成形容词比较级。access为动词,意为“访问,进入”,其对应的形容词形式为accessible,意为“可接近的”;be accessible to意为“能被……接近/可被……见到”,符合文意,故填accessible。
3.a 考查冠词。句意:由于这件艺术品很少展出,人们有时会排长达六小时的队,以便有机会看到它。句中泛指一个看到它的机会,故空格处应用不定冠词;chance以辅音音素开头,故用不定冠词a。
4.taking 考查动名词。句意:一旦来到这幅画前,他们只能花费有限的时间来欣赏画中汴京的汴河沿岸五米长的景色。根据句意可知,句中使用了固定句型“sb. spend+时间+(in) doing sth.”,意为“某人花费时间做某事”,空格处应用动名词作宾语,故填taking。take in意为“看清,欣赏”。
5.to experience 考查动词不定式。句意:然而,多亏了技术,还有数百万人能够体验到这幅画的数字版本。根据句意可知,句中使用了固定短语“be able to do sth.”,意为“能够做某事”,experience在此处为动词,意为“体验”,故填to experience。
6.means 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:三维动画意味着观众可以看到人物四处移动并与他们周围的环境互动。根据句意可知,句子陈述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时;句子主语Three-dimensional animation为不可数名词短语,谓语应用第三人称单数形式。故填means。
7.its 考查代词。句意:然而,创造的艺术品数量和种类的增加也引起了对其整体质量的质疑。分析句子可知,quality为名词,前面应用形容词性物主代词修饰,意为“它的”,故填its。
8.or 考查连词。分析句子可知,句中“艺术家是艺术作品本身的创造者”和“艺术家是艺术作品背后的技术的创造者”之间为选择关系,故空格处应用连词or。
9.will take 考查时态。句意:任何人都在猜测下一步技术将把艺术带向何方。根据句意和句中的next可知,句子陈述的是接下来将要发生的事,应用一般将来时。take意为“引领,把……带到”。故填will take。
10.with 考查with的复合结构。句意:但有一件事是肯定的——有这么多的艺术家在探索新的可能性,我们肯定可以期待意想不到的结果。分析句子可知,句中“ 10 so many artists exploring new possibilities”为with的复合结构“with+名词+现在分词”,在句中作状语,故填with。
【高频词汇】 1.technological adj.技术的 2.artwork n.艺术品 3.queue v.排队等候 4.digital adj.数字的,数码的 5.version n.版本 6.character n.角色,人物
7.interact v.互动 8.surroundings n.周围的环境
9.unexpected adj.想不到的,出乎意料的
【差距词汇】 three-dimensional adj.三维的,立体的
Ⅲ.A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了一个新的科技项目计划从小行星上提取黄金等宝贵的矿物质和燃料,并介绍了科学家和项目的创始人对该项目的看法。
1.B 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“The initial stage...orbit Earth.”可知,该项目的最初阶段将在18至24个月内实现,将发射一系列私人望远镜,绕地球运行。故选B。
2.C 细节理解题。根据第三段中Diamandis所说的话“在我们开始将人们作为普通公民送入太空之前,人们认为这是一个荒谬的想法。这是一个长期项目。但它不是慈善机构,是以赚钱为目的的。”可知,Diamandis通过把游客送入太空旅行来获利。故选C。
3.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中Richard Binzel说的话可知,他认为这个想法可能比它的时代早了几十年,它可能会为拯救地球提供一个新的视角,使其免于被过度探索。由此可推知,Richard Binzel认为这个新的项目是值得开发的。故选C。A.它是冒险的;B.它是复杂的;D.它是要求高的。
4.A 主旨大意题。文章第一段介绍了从小行星中提取黄金的项目;第二段进一步介绍了这一项目在不同阶段的目标;第三段介绍了科学家对这个项目的不同看法以及行星资源公司创始人对这一项目的阐释;第四段是一位教授对这个项目的看法。由此可知,这篇文章主要介绍了一个计划从小行星上提取黄金等宝贵的矿物质和燃料的新项目。故选A。
易错归因
本题易根据“extracting minerals”而错选D项,只关注到了提取矿物质,而没有关注位置,D项中没有提到小行星,总结不全面,故排除D项。
【高频词汇】 1.back v.支持 2.initial adj.最初的
3.launch v.发射 4.commercially adv.商业地 5.involve v.参与,涉及 6.exploration n.探索 7.ridiculous adj.荒谬的
【差距词汇】 1.cost-effective adj.有最佳利润的;划算的 2.perspective n.视角
长难句
原句 There are probably 1,500 asteroids that pass near Earth, which would be good initial targets.
分析 本句是主从复合句。“that pass near Earth”是that引导的定语从句,“which would be good initial targets”是which引导的非限制性定语从句,两个定语从句都修饰先行词asteroids。
译文 可能有一千五百颗小行星经过地球附近,这将是很好的初始目标。
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。为了减少生活垃圾对环境的影响,人们的消费习惯已经发生变化,所以企业销售的东西也应做出改变以迎合人们的消费习惯。事实上,越来越多的公司也看准了这一点,销售的产品也以可反复使用为特色。
5.C 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Levy's new ‘low-waste, no-shame’ store”“an early adopter of a new shift in American consumption habits”和“This is not a tendency; it's a rebirth of interest in reuse instead of recycling”可知,Levy在践行少垃圾生活方式,提倡物品的重复使用。紧接着,作者在第二段指出更多像Levy一样的企业家加入了减少垃圾的行动,下文列举了Boston General Store销售零垃圾饰品和Make & Mend售卖二手手工艺品。由此可知,作者提及Boston General Store和Make & Mend是为了说明许多当地企业已加入零垃圾运动,为环保做出贡献。故选C。
6.A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“she predicts that they'll spend $150 billion on sustainable goods by 2024”可知,Julia Wilson预测未来顾客对可持续物品的需求会很大,因此未来企业需要关注的是为顾客提供可持续的(即可重复使用的)物品以满足市场需要。故选A。
7.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“she's hopeful, as zero-waste shops have exploded abroad in...which has become a global phenomenon”可知,Levy对零垃圾商店的前景很乐观,因为它们现在已经出现在英国、加拿大及澳大利亚,且澳大利亚的Plastic Free July运动在全球流行。由此可推知,Levy认为零垃圾商店会在全世界范围内得到认可。故选D。
8.A 推理判断题。纵观全文可知,本文主要介绍的是零垃圾生活方式能为企业提供新的商机,而文中提到的Cleenland、Boston General Store、Make & Mend、ThreeMain和Loop都是作者用来证明这一观点所举的具体事例。由此可知,作者是通过举例子的方式来支撑其观点的。故选A。
【高频词汇】 1.pick up 拿起 2.consumption n.消费,消耗,食用 3.become expert at 在……方面变得擅长 4.decoration n.装饰品 5.track v.跟踪(进展情况);追踪 6.deliver v.运送;交付 7.explode v.激增;爆炸
【差距词汇】 1.sniff v.闻,嗅 2.entrepreneur n.企业家;创业者 3.aluminum n.铝
长难句
原句 And she's hopeful, as zero-waste shops have exploded abroad in Britain, Canada, and particularly in Australia, where the non-profit Plastic Free Foundation launched the Plastic Free July campaign, which has become a global phenomenon.
分析 这是一个主从复合句。as引导原因状语从句;where引导非限制性定语从句,从句修饰先行词Australia;which引导非限制性定语从句,指代前文提及的the Plastic Free July campaign。
译文 她满怀希望,因为零垃圾商店在英国、加拿大遍地开花,尤其是在澳大利亚,在那里非营利组织“无塑料基金会”发起了“无塑料七月”活动,这已经成为一种全球现象。
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2025外研版高中英语选择性必修第二册
Unit 3 Times change!
Part 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Tasting delicious, the fresh fruits were sold out as soon as they were put onto these (架子).
2.This wild animal will face the danger of extinction in several (十年), as the number continues to decrease.
3.Although new to the job, the young man showed outstanding (领导) skills at the event.
4. Every piece of f in their house matches the style of the house well.
5. She does some voluntary work constantly, caring for the e people.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.(2024湖南桃江联考)Bishop has played chess since he was a child, but he has never got the opportunity to take part in a (compete).
2.I was in sympathy you on your point because you offered a lot of persuasive evidence and carried out the deep research.
3.In the Olympic Games, the athletes from all over the world competed the honor of their motherland.
4.Luckily, the little boy was good hands in the nursery school after his parents died in an accident.
5.(2024广东东莞市东华高级中学开学测验改编)My friend called me for help when I was cooking, so I asked my husband to take cooking dinner and then started my car to help her pick up her kids.
6.After a busy morning, he went to work hurriedly and just when he arrived at the office, he was embarrassed (find) that he had put his clothes on backwards.
7.He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he (follow).
Ⅲ.选词填空
pop up;a bunch of;compete with;drop in
This morning, Tom called me and said that he would 1. on me. After a while, I heard a knock at the door. I opened the door and to my surprise and delight, 2. my friends 3. in front of me. They congratulated me on my wonderful performance in the basketball match. They said they were extremely motivated after they saw I 4. the rivals and defeated them bravely.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.他向母亲挥手告别,提着行李箱依依不舍地离开了。(wave)
He and left reluctantly with his suitcase. (读后续写—场景描写)
2.(2022天津写作)我很高兴邀请你加入我们。这将是所有英语爱好者的好机会。(glad)
I us. This will be a good chance for all English lovers.
3.出于对那个无家可归的孩子的同情,那家好心人收留他过夜。(sympathy)
, the kind family gave him shelter for the night.(读后续写—情节描写)
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
Having heard the Rainbow Bookstore was closing, I had a long chat with Casey, the store's elderly owner. He said 1 the development of technology, more and more people preferred to read e-books on tablets or buy books online. Now it was difficult 2 (run) an independent bookstore.
Childhood 3 (memory) came back to me so clearly, as if the events 4 (happen) only yesterday. When young, I, together with other kids, spent hours reading, 5 (seat) on the store's old but comfortable furniture. It's a pity to say goodbye to it.
A few months later, I returned to the neighborhood and was 6 (surprise) to see the bookstore still open. Stepping into it, I found that inside it was like 7 different world. I 8 (tell) that a saleswoman, 9 had grown up in the neighborhood, had now taken over the bookstore from Casey.
Now the bookstore has entered a new chapter. Corporate knowledge combined with 10 (create) plays a vital role in bringing it into the 21st century!
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2024黑龙江哈尔滨师范大学附属中学月考)
Today technological advances have led to a 1 (combine) of art and technology. As a result, the art world is changing greatly. Now art is more 2 (access) to us than ever before. Take for example one of China's most legendary paintings, Along the River During the Qingming Festival. As this artwork is rarely on display, people have sometimes queued up to six hours for 3 chance to see it. Once in front of the painting, they only have limited time to spend 4 (take) in its five metres of scenes along the Bian River in Bianjing. Thanks to technology, however, millions more people have been able 5 (experience) a digital version of this painting. Three-dimensional animation 6 (mean) that viewers can see the characters move around and interact with their surroundings.
However, the increase in the amount and variety of art produced has also raised questions over 7 (it) overall quality. Is the artist the creator of the art itself, 8 the maker of the technology behind it
Where technology 9 (take) art next is anyone's guess. But one thing is for sure— 10 so many artists exploring new possibilities, we can definitely expect the unexpected.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
(2024重庆市第一中学校月考)
Robots in space will be extracting (提取) gold from asteroids (小行星) within ten years if a new project backed by a Silicon Valley billionaire goes as planned. Peter Diamandis, the founder of Planetary Resources, said the company attempts to make the resources of space accessible to humanity.
The initial stage, to be achieved in the next 18 to 24 months, is to launch a series of private telescopes which will orbit Earth. These will be used to search for the right type of asteroids. The plan is to use commercially built robotic ships to extract rocket fuel and valuable minerals from the rocks that regularly pass by Earth. Diamandis predicts that they could have their version of a space-based petrol station up and running by 2025.
Several scientists not involved in the project argued that the project was daring, difficult and very pricey. They do not see how it could be cost-effective. But the founder of Planetary Resources has a track record of profiting from space exploration business. Diamandis was the first person to sell rides into space to tourists. “Before we started launching people into space as private citizens, people thought that that was a ridiculous idea,” Diamandis said. “This is a long-term project. But it's not a charity. It is intended to make money.” The idea that asteroids could be mined for resources has been around for years. There are probably 1,500 asteroids that pass near Earth, which would be good initial targets. They are at least 50 meters wide, and Diamandis figures ten percent of them have water and other valuable minerals.
Richard Binzel, a professor of planetary science at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, says, “The idea might be many decades ahead of its era. But you have to start somewhere as it might offer a new perspective of saving the earth from being over explored.”
1.What is supposed to be the first step of the project
A.Launching robots into Earth orbit. B.Sending some telescopes into space.
C.Building a space-based petrol station. D.Using robotic ships to extract rocket fuel.
2.How did Diamandis make money from space exploration business
A.By extracting valuable minerals. B.By extracting gold from asteroids.
C.By providing space travels for tourists. D.By being the first person to ride into space.
3.What does Richard Binzel think of the project
A.It is risky. B.It is complex.
C.It is worthwhile. D.It is demanding.
4.What is the text mainly talking about
A.Mining asteroids. B.Humans and asteroids.
C.Space exploration in progress. D.The project of extracting minerals.
B
(2023辽宁鞍山一中月考)
On a recent afternoon, Sarah Levy picked up an empty pickle jar (腌菜罐子) from a shelf in her store, sniffed it, and then suggested a customer fill it with soap. There's a take-a-jar, leave-a-jar policy at Cleenland, Levy's new “low-waste, no-shame” store that lets shoppers stock up on cleaning supplies using their own bottles. And as an early adopter of a new shift in American consumption habits, she has become expert at getting the pickle smell out of glass. “This is not a tendency; it's a rebirth of interest in reuse instead of recycling,” said Levy.
As consumers seek to limit the waste they create, more local entrepreneurs like Levy are stepping in to serve them and have begun opening stores—physical, mobile, and online. Boston General Store is selling a growing variety of zero-waste decorations. Make & Mend sells second-hand arts and crafts in Somerville's Bow Market.
Julia Wilson, who tracks business sustainability (可持续性) efforts for research firm Nielsen, says 73% of consumers are looking to shift their consumption habits to reduce their environmental impact, and she predicts that they'll spend $150 billion on sustainable goods by 2024. “It opens the door for new entrepreneurs who are thinking about things differently,” she said. Some entrepreneurs are using a “circular economy” model in which goods are delivered in strong packages and they are sent back when they're empty. Boston-based ThreeMain opened earlier this year selling cleaning products in reusable aluminum bottles. The most well-funded attempt, Loop, sells 100 major brands in reusable containers.
Levy recognizes the difficulty involved in changing consumer habits, but she says the model works because she's selling necessities. And she's hopeful, as zero-waste shops have exploded abroad in Britain, Canada, and particularly in Australia, where the non-profit Plastic Free Foundation launched the Plastic Free July campaign, which has become a global phenomenon.
5.Why are Boston General Store and Make & Mend mentioned according to the passage
A.To tell us many entrepreneurs ignore their customers' consumption habits.
B.To prove that many companies have taken action to expand their business.
C.To show many local companies have taken part in the low-waste campaign.
D.To prove that it is important to offer diverse products to the local customers.
6.According to Julia Wilson, what should entrepreneurs do in the future
A.Provide sustainable goods for the market.
B.Promote newly-branded goods on a regular basis.
C.Pay more attention to the quality of their goods. D.Make sure their goods are affordable and reusable.
7.What can we know from the last paragraph
A.Necessities are always in great demand in the market.
B.Non-profit organizations favor zero-waste lifestyles most.
C.Countries should work together to change consumer habits.
D.Levy believes zero-waste shops will be accepted worldwide.
8.How does the author support his opinion in the text
A.By giving examples. B.By analyzing causes. C.By making comparisons. D.By making predictions.
答案与分层梯度式解析
Unit 3 Times change!
Part 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.shelves 2.decades 3.leadership 4.furniture
5.elderly
Ⅱ.1.competition 考查名词。句意:毕晓普从小就下国际象棋,但他从来没有机会参加比赛。根据设空处前的不定冠词a可知,设空处应用名词单数形式;由句意可知设空处表示“比赛”,故填competition。
2.with 考查介词。句意:我赞同你的观点,因为你提出了很多有说服力的证据,并且进行了深入的研究。in sympathy with意为“赞同,支持”。
3.for 考查介词。句意:在奥运会上,来自世界各地的运动员们为了他们祖国的荣誉而比赛。compete for意为“为……而比赛”。
4.in 考查介词。句意:幸运的是,父母在一次事故中去世后,这个小男孩在幼儿园受到了很好的照顾。in good hands 意为“得到很好的照顾”。
5.over 考查副词。句意:我正在做饭的时候,我的朋友打来电话向我求助,所以我让我丈夫接替我做饭,然后我启动汽车去帮她接她的孩子。take over意为“接管”。
6.to find 考查动词不定式。句意:一早上的忙碌之后,他匆忙赶去上班,就在他到达办公室时,却尴尬地发现他把衣服穿反了。此处使用了“主语+be+表示心理活动的形容词+to do”结构,动词不定式作原因状语。be embarrassed to do sth.意为“做某事很尴尬”。故填to find。
7.was being followed 考查时态、语态及主谓一致。句意:他匆匆忙忙地回家,不曾回头看他是否被跟踪。由句意可知,此处表示过去某一时间段正在进行的动作,应用过去进行时。if引导的宾语从句中,he和follow之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态。主语是he,故填was being followed。
Ⅲ.1.drop in 2.a bunch of 3.popped up
4.competed with
Ⅳ.1.waved goodbye to his mother 2.am glad to invite you to join 3.Out of sympathy for the homeless child
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.with 考查介词。此处表示“随着科技的发展”,with 意为“随着”,符合语境。
2.to run 考查不定式。此处为“it+系动词+adj.+to do sth.”结构,it为形式主语,应用动词不定式作真正的主语。
3.memories 考查名词复数。句意:我清晰地回想起童年的情景,仿佛那些事就发生在昨天。根据句意可知此处表示童年的很多记忆,则memory在此处意为“记忆”,为可数名词,空前没有冠词等限定词修饰,空处应用其复数形式。
4.had happened 考查虚拟语气。句意同上题。此处as if引导方式状语从句,表示与过去的事实相反的情况,因此从句用过去完成时。
5.seated 考查过去分词。(be) seated on...意为“坐在……”,表示状态。此处是过去分词短语作状语。
易错归因
该题容易因思维定式而误填seating,想到中文里的“坐”是主动的,所以用了现在分词。这里需要转换思维,根据词的用法来判断。seat是及物动词,意思不是“坐”,而是“使……坐”,表示“人坐在……”时人和seat之间是被动关系,因此此处应用过去分词形式作状语。
6.surprised 考查形容词。be surprised to do sth.意为“做某事感到惊讶”,surprised表示“惊讶的”。故填surprised。
7.a 考查冠词。句意:走进它,我发现它里面就像一个不同的世界。此处表示泛指,且后面的different以辅音音素开头,故填a。
8.was told 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:有人告诉我,一个在附近长大的女售货员现在从凯西手中接管了书店。I与tell之间为被动关系,且事情发生在过去,应用一般过去时的被动语态。主语为I,be动词应用was。
9.who 考查定语从句。设空处无提示词,逗号前面为a saleswoman,两个逗号之间的部分缺少主语,故推测设空处引导非限制性定语从句。先行词为a saleswoman,关系词在从句中作主语,指人,应用who。这里指“一个在附近长大的女售货员”。
10.creativity 考查名词。由设空处前的介词with可知,设空处应用名词形式。由语境可知,设空处表示“创造力”,应用名词creativity。
易错归因
此处容易误填名词creation,看到create想当然地就填了其常用的以-ion为后缀的名词形式,而没有结合语境看这里适合的意思。这里指的是人的能力、特质,而creation意为“创造;创建;创作”,很明显不符合语境。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了时代的发展下技术的进步带来了艺术与技术的结合以及这一结合的优点和缺点。
1.combination 考查名词。句意:今天,技术进步带来了艺术与技术的结合。根据空前的不定冠词a和空后的介词of可知,空格处应用名词。combine是动词,其名词形式为combination,意为“结合”,不定冠词a后接可数名词单数形式,故填combination。
2.accessible 考查形容词。句意:现在我们比以往任何时候都更容易接触到艺术。根据空前的系动词is、空前的more和空后的than可知空格处应用形容词作表语,与more构成形容词比较级。access为动词,意为“访问,进入”,其对应的形容词形式为accessible,意为“可接近的”;be accessible to意为“能被……接近/可被……见到”,符合文意,故填accessible。
3.a 考查冠词。句意:由于这件艺术品很少展出,人们有时会排长达六小时的队,以便有机会看到它。句中泛指一个看到它的机会,故空格处应用不定冠词;chance以辅音音素开头,故用不定冠词a。
4.taking 考查动名词。句意:一旦来到这幅画前,他们只能花费有限的时间来欣赏画中汴京的汴河沿岸五米长的景色。根据句意可知,句中使用了固定句型“sb. spend+时间+(in) doing sth.”,意为“某人花费时间做某事”,空格处应用动名词作宾语,故填taking。take in意为“看清,欣赏”。
5.to experience 考查动词不定式。句意:然而,多亏了技术,还有数百万人能够体验到这幅画的数字版本。根据句意可知,句中使用了固定短语“be able to do sth.”,意为“能够做某事”,experience在此处为动词,意为“体验”,故填to experience。
6.means 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:三维动画意味着观众可以看到人物四处移动并与他们周围的环境互动。根据句意可知,句子陈述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时;句子主语Three-dimensional animation为不可数名词短语,谓语应用第三人称单数形式。故填means。
7.its 考查代词。句意:然而,创造的艺术品数量和种类的增加也引起了对其整体质量的质疑。分析句子可知,quality为名词,前面应用形容词性物主代词修饰,意为“它的”,故填its。
8.or 考查连词。分析句子可知,句中“艺术家是艺术作品本身的创造者”和“艺术家是艺术作品背后的技术的创造者”之间为选择关系,故空格处应用连词or。
9.will take 考查时态。句意:任何人都在猜测下一步技术将把艺术带向何方。根据句意和句中的next可知,句子陈述的是接下来将要发生的事,应用一般将来时。take意为“引领,把……带到”。故填will take。
10.with 考查with的复合结构。句意:但有一件事是肯定的——有这么多的艺术家在探索新的可能性,我们肯定可以期待意想不到的结果。分析句子可知,句中“ 10 so many artists exploring new possibilities”为with的复合结构“with+名词+现在分词”,在句中作状语,故填with。
【高频词汇】 1.technological adj.技术的 2.artwork n.艺术品 3.queue v.排队等候 4.digital adj.数字的,数码的 5.version n.版本 6.character n.角色,人物
7.interact v.互动 8.surroundings n.周围的环境
9.unexpected adj.想不到的,出乎意料的
【差距词汇】 three-dimensional adj.三维的,立体的
Ⅲ.A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了一个新的科技项目计划从小行星上提取黄金等宝贵的矿物质和燃料,并介绍了科学家和项目的创始人对该项目的看法。
1.B 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“The initial stage...orbit Earth.”可知,该项目的最初阶段将在18至24个月内实现,将发射一系列私人望远镜,绕地球运行。故选B。
2.C 细节理解题。根据第三段中Diamandis所说的话“在我们开始将人们作为普通公民送入太空之前,人们认为这是一个荒谬的想法。这是一个长期项目。但它不是慈善机构,是以赚钱为目的的。”可知,Diamandis通过把游客送入太空旅行来获利。故选C。
3.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中Richard Binzel说的话可知,他认为这个想法可能比它的时代早了几十年,它可能会为拯救地球提供一个新的视角,使其免于被过度探索。由此可推知,Richard Binzel认为这个新的项目是值得开发的。故选C。A.它是冒险的;B.它是复杂的;D.它是要求高的。
4.A 主旨大意题。文章第一段介绍了从小行星中提取黄金的项目;第二段进一步介绍了这一项目在不同阶段的目标;第三段介绍了科学家对这个项目的不同看法以及行星资源公司创始人对这一项目的阐释;第四段是一位教授对这个项目的看法。由此可知,这篇文章主要介绍了一个计划从小行星上提取黄金等宝贵的矿物质和燃料的新项目。故选A。
易错归因
本题易根据“extracting minerals”而错选D项,只关注到了提取矿物质,而没有关注位置,D项中没有提到小行星,总结不全面,故排除D项。
【高频词汇】 1.back v.支持 2.initial adj.最初的
3.launch v.发射 4.commercially adv.商业地 5.involve v.参与,涉及 6.exploration n.探索 7.ridiculous adj.荒谬的
【差距词汇】 1.cost-effective adj.有最佳利润的;划算的 2.perspective n.视角
长难句
原句 There are probably 1,500 asteroids that pass near Earth, which would be good initial targets.
分析 本句是主从复合句。“that pass near Earth”是that引导的定语从句,“which would be good initial targets”是which引导的非限制性定语从句,两个定语从句都修饰先行词asteroids。
译文 可能有一千五百颗小行星经过地球附近,这将是很好的初始目标。
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。为了减少生活垃圾对环境的影响,人们的消费习惯已经发生变化,所以企业销售的东西也应做出改变以迎合人们的消费习惯。事实上,越来越多的公司也看准了这一点,销售的产品也以可反复使用为特色。
5.C 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Levy's new ‘low-waste, no-shame’ store”“an early adopter of a new shift in American consumption habits”和“This is not a tendency; it's a rebirth of interest in reuse instead of recycling”可知,Levy在践行少垃圾生活方式,提倡物品的重复使用。紧接着,作者在第二段指出更多像Levy一样的企业家加入了减少垃圾的行动,下文列举了Boston General Store销售零垃圾饰品和Make & Mend售卖二手手工艺品。由此可知,作者提及Boston General Store和Make & Mend是为了说明许多当地企业已加入零垃圾运动,为环保做出贡献。故选C。
6.A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“she predicts that they'll spend $150 billion on sustainable goods by 2024”可知,Julia Wilson预测未来顾客对可持续物品的需求会很大,因此未来企业需要关注的是为顾客提供可持续的(即可重复使用的)物品以满足市场需要。故选A。
7.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“she's hopeful, as zero-waste shops have exploded abroad in...which has become a global phenomenon”可知,Levy对零垃圾商店的前景很乐观,因为它们现在已经出现在英国、加拿大及澳大利亚,且澳大利亚的Plastic Free July运动在全球流行。由此可推知,Levy认为零垃圾商店会在全世界范围内得到认可。故选D。
8.A 推理判断题。纵观全文可知,本文主要介绍的是零垃圾生活方式能为企业提供新的商机,而文中提到的Cleenland、Boston General Store、Make & Mend、ThreeMain和Loop都是作者用来证明这一观点所举的具体事例。由此可知,作者是通过举例子的方式来支撑其观点的。故选A。
【高频词汇】 1.pick up 拿起 2.consumption n.消费,消耗,食用 3.become expert at 在……方面变得擅长 4.decoration n.装饰品 5.track v.跟踪(进展情况);追踪 6.deliver v.运送;交付 7.explode v.激增;爆炸
【差距词汇】 1.sniff v.闻,嗅 2.entrepreneur n.企业家;创业者 3.aluminum n.铝
长难句
原句 And she's hopeful, as zero-waste shops have exploded abroad in Britain, Canada, and particularly in Australia, where the non-profit Plastic Free Foundation launched the Plastic Free July campaign, which has become a global phenomenon.
分析 这是一个主从复合句。as引导原因状语从句;where引导非限制性定语从句,从句修饰先行词Australia;which引导非限制性定语从句,指代前文提及的the Plastic Free July campaign。
译文 她满怀希望,因为零垃圾商店在英国、加拿大遍地开花,尤其是在澳大利亚,在那里非营利组织“无塑料基金会”发起了“无塑料七月”活动,这已经成为一种全球现象。
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