2025外研版高中英语选择性必修第二册强化练习题--Unit 4 Part 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas（含答案与解析）
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2025外研版高中英语选择性必修第二册
Unit 4 Breaking boundaries
Part 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.(2021浙江) Leslie Nielsen's (奉献) to acting is wonderfully inspiring.
2.Medical (专家) encourage teens to make lifestyle changes to help themselves develop good sleeping habits.
3.It is said that great works of art can go beyond national (界限).
4.I didn't take your call because many important things were being (处理) urgently in my office just now.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.(2021全国乙)I love doing housework, and I always assist my parents doing the dishes after meals.
2.I smiled in (relieve) after I heard that my son had been admitted by Tsinghua University.
3.Over the past year, we have been busy preparing for the College Entrance Examination, which is vital most Chinese students.
4.(2024福建福州期中联考)With his knowledge of botany and experience in farming practices, Shull was appointed as a botanical (assist) in the laboratory.
5.(易错题)In recent years, I (relieve) of the economic burden greatly by my family.
Ⅲ.选词填空
take any chances;be caught up in;against all odds;put sb. at risk
My city 1. a severe flood, which seriously affected the life of the general public. I told my mom about my intention of being a volunteer to help with the disaster relief and reconstruction work. However, my mom said it would 2. easily. She advised me not to 3. to go out, but I finally convinced her. 4. , we succeeded in defeating the flood in the end.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.(2021全国乙写作)在网络的帮助下,我们可以充分利用最广泛的教育资源来开阔我们的视野。
the Internet, we can make full use of the most extensive educational resources to broaden our horizons.
2.这些课外活动可以缓解学生的压力。(relieve)
The extra-curricular activities can .
3.这是我第一次当众演讲,所以我感觉有点紧张。
in public, so I feel a bit nervous.(读后续写—心理描写)
4.当你参加家宴时,注意餐桌礼仪是至关重要的。(一句多译:vital)
① your table manners when you attend a dinner party.
② you should mind your table manners when you attend a dinner party.
5.We left school five years ago, but those memories are as sweet as ever before. (句式升级:since)
→
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
I felt proud of being part of MSF, 1 mission is to provide medical care for those affected by conflict, disasters or a lack of access 2 health care.
Seeing the tragic scenes on the news, I felt it my duty as a doctor 3 (offer) my help. Ebola doesn't respect national 4 (boundary). As a result, there should be no borders for those involved in combating this terrible disease.
Before I 5 (step) into Emma's shoes, she talked me through the daily routine and introduced me to the working staff there. With each person I met, I felt a 6 (grow) sense of pride as part of this team. Despite the high death rate, we never gave up on a patient. Against all odds, some made a full 7 (recover).
To be caught up in such 8 crisis creates strong bonds between people. In a world still 9 (face) so many problems, it is 10 (absolute) essential for us all to work together to create a global community with a shared future of peace and prosperity.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2024四川成都期中联考)
Around 160 specialists attended the International Forum on Cave Temple Conservation in Chongqing 1 August 19 to 21 to explore opportunities for collaboration and methods to protect rock carvings in cave temples around the world.
The carvings run the risk of damage over time as a result of weathering and climate change. Li Qun, director of the National Cultural Heritage Administration, 2 (say) in the opening ceremony that Chinese cave temples displayed remarkable characteristics in terms of their subject matter and artistic style, which reflected the 3 (peace) nature of Chinese civilization.
The forum was held to improve the preservation of cave temples and uncover their value and historical significance, 4 (contribute) to the preservation of humanity's intellectual achievements.
Experts agreed 5 (promote) the protection of cave temples in light of global climate change, develop new materials, build early warning systems, and create a global database of historical images, 6 they hoped would help future generations appreciate their beauty.
“Water and wind are the primary factors causing damage to the cave temples and stone carvings 7 (global),” said an expert, adding that climate change had led to the increasing uncertainty 8 (cause) by natural threats. He called for in-depth 9 (study) on core factors such as water-related damage and the geological environment. Moreover, efforts should be directed toward strengthening archaeological investigations 10 exploring the value of these sites, as well as managing tourism.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
(2023山东临沂期中联考)
After several months of waiting, in November 2018, I received an offer to assist for six months as a Physiotherapy Activity Manager (PAM) in one of the MSF rehabilitation (康复) centres in Baghdad! Leaving in January! Wow! A sudden mix of excitement and anxiety briefly took hold of me...but I made my decision quickly—I would leave in January for Iraq.
Under the burning sun there, I went through one of the most challenging experiences, such as adapting to a climate that sometimes lacks softness, and adapting to my new professional duties, my multicultural team and the pace that always took us further.
I met a patient during our weekly medical rounds: This young man had been in a tragic accident on the family farm when he was just a child, leaving him with only one arm and one leg. For more than 10 years, he mainly got around by dragging himself along the ground, and thus developed incredible physical and mental strength. This young man came out of the MSF rehabilitation centre upright and proud, walking towards a brighter future.
The MSF project also supports the national health care system, primarily through knowledge sharing. Unfortunately, the health care and education systems have been particularly hard hit by war. Today's system is still marked by the past and by corruption(腐败)—it struggles to recover and regain its former prestige (声望). The project has given us the chance to improve physiotherapy training so that more people can receive rehabilitative care. As a PAM, my overall role is to support better physiotherapy practices and to collaborate with Iraqis to develop civilian services.
Although Baghdad is fairly more modern and freer than its neighbors, strict security checks have become a regular part of day-to-day life. Living in Baghdad means living with a heavy past. It also means hope. Hope that Iraq's culture, which is rich, generous and ancient, will be recognized and make people forget about war. Everything we have done is rewarding.
1.What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A.The difficulties the author faced in Baghdad.
B.How the author got the offer to work for MSF.
C.The mixed feelings the author experienced in Iraq.
D.How the author made his decision to become a PAM.
2.What can be learned about the young man mentioned in Paragraph 3
A.He got wounded in a war. B.He left the centre full of hope.
C.He left his farm for a brighter future. D.He got help from the local government.
3.What does the author mainly do in the centre
A.He fights against the corruption.
B.He teaches practical knowledge to Iraqi kids.
C.He treats people suffering from mental illnesses.
D.He helps Iraqis to develop their rehabilitative care.
4.Which of the following can be used to describe the author
A.Strict but caring. B.Proud but patient. C.Brave and honest. D.Generous and positive.
B
(2024辽宁沈阳重点高中郊联体月考)
Volunteering is something that is usually not at the top of young people's lists. But with a little bit of a push from student organizations and nonprofit organizations, volunteerism and community change can start to take a huge lead. They become not just something that will look good on a resume (简历) or college application, but a first concern and a learning experience for the young.
I did a considerable amount of community work during my summer breaks. A few times I would go down to the church and help with the sorting and handing out canned foods to the homeless. The ragged (破旧的) cloth and the look of upset printed on the faces of the people I handed out food to reminded me of the hard realities of our society today and the difficulty many people face in achieving their self-worth. I was also reminded of the fact that the statistics we hear every day about homelessness are real people—not just numbers. The largest percentage of people who are homeless is in fact, not the men on the street, but families: mothers, children of all ages, and fathers.
The most important thing I've learned from my volunteer experiences is that people are not powerless; as a matter of fact, we have a great deal of potential (潜力). I learned how exciting it is to realize how much fun you have in your own life and how beautiful it is to share that with others and hoped that they will discover it themselves. I learned how giving human beings are, even when they don't have much to give. These are important to help us open doors of understanding and take time to actively listen to and communicate with our community members.
The relationship between young people and nonprofit organizations can be the start of a great change in the community and should be a very powerful and rewarding educational experience. An open-minded and promising flow of communication between organizations and community members can be the start of social and environmental change. Together, we can make the change.
5. What can we learn about volunteering from the first paragraph
A.It deserves to be taken seriously. B.It is more important than grades.
C.It is a must in the college application. D.It runs high on young people's lists.
6. What did the author realize through his experience of working in the church
A.The necessity to improve himself. B.His willingness to do community work.
C.The great suffering of many homeless people. D.The amazingly large number of the homeless.
7. What does the author think is important to have community understanding
A.Supporting each other with financial giving. B.Developing our potential to discover beauty.
C.Knowing our ability to share fun with others. D.Taking time to solve neighborhood problems.
8. What's the author's probable purpose in writing the text
A.To call on the young to volunteer. B.To share his volunteer experiences.
C.To explain the benefits of volunteering. D.To introduce suitable community work.
答案与分层梯度式解析
Unit 4 Breaking boundaries
Part 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.devotion/commitment 2.specialists 3.boundaries
4.tackled
Ⅱ.1.in 考查介词。句意:我喜欢做家务。饭后我总是帮助父母洗碗。assist sb. in doing sth.帮助某人做某事。
2.relief 考查名词。句意:听到儿子被清华大学录取的消息,我放心地笑了。根据空前的介词in可知设空处应用名词。in relief宽慰地,放心地。
3.for/to 考查介词。句意:在过去的一年中,我们都忙着准备高考,这场考试对于大多数中国学生而言都至关重要。be vital for/to...意为“对……至关重要”。
4.assistant 考查名词。句意:由于沙尔的植物学知识和农业实践经验,他被任命为实验室的植物学助理。空前的botanical以-cal结尾,推测其为形容词,结合句子结构和空前的冠词a可知设空处应用名词作介词as的宾语。由was appointed as(被任命为)可知设空处为表示职位的名词,由提示词assist可知设空处应用名词assistant,表示“助理”,符合语境。空前有a修饰,应用单数形式,故填assistant。botanical意为“植物学的”。
5.have been relieved 考查时态、语态及主谓一致。由In recent years可知此句应用现在完成时;relieve sb. of...意为“减轻/解除某人的……”,此处表示“我被减轻经济负担”,则I与relieve为被动关系,应用被动语态;主语为I,故填have been relieved。
易错归因
此处容易错填成主动形式。此句意为“近年来,我的家人极大地减轻了我的经济负担”。根据句末的by my family可知,“我”的负担是被家人减轻的,所以要用被动语态。
Ⅲ.1.was caught up in 2.put me at risk 3.take any chances 4.Against all odds
Ⅳ.1.With the assistance/help of 2.relieve students of their pressure 3.This/It is the first time I have made/given a speech 4.①It is vital to mind ②It is vital that
5.It is/has been five years since we left school, but those memories are as sweet as ever before.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.whose 考查定语从句。设空处无提示词,前面内容意思完整,不缺成分,且设空处作定语修饰mission,后面谓语为is,故此处应用关系代词whose引导非限制性定语从句,表示“MSF的”。句意:我为成为无国界医生组织的一员而感到自豪,该组织的使命是为那些受冲突、灾难或缺乏获得医疗服务的机会影响的人提供医疗服务。
2.to 考查介词。access to...使用/见到……的机会。
类比启发
有些名词后面要接介词to来表示“……的……”,类似用法的结构有:the key to... ……的关键;the solution to... ……的解决方案;the approach to... ……的方法;the answer to... ……的答案。
3.to offer 考查动词不定式。分析句子可知,“I felt it my duty as a doctor 3 my help”使用的是“feel it+n.+to do sth.”结构,其中it为形式宾语,名词为宾补,不定式为真正的宾语。故填to offer。
4.boundaries 考查名词的数。boundary为可数名词,其前没有冠词修饰,应用复数形式。故填boundaries。
5.stepped 考查时态。句中Before引导时间状语从句,设空处为该从句的谓语,根据主句谓语动词talked和introduced可知此处表示过去的事,应用一般过去时。
6.growing 考查形容词。根据空后的名词sense可知,此处应用形容词作定语修饰sense,由语境可知此处表示“增强的,增长的”,故填growing。a growing sense of...意为“不断增强的……感”。
7.recovery 考查名词。由空前的不定冠词a及形容词full可知,此处应用名词作made的宾语;由语境可知此处表示“恢复”,故填recovery。
8.a 考查冠词。句意:陷入这样一种危机使人们之间产生了强有力的纽带。此处表示泛指,指“一种危机”,应用不定冠词,且crisis以辅音音素开头,故填a。
9.facing 考查现在分词。该句中已有谓语动词is,故此处应用非谓语动词。此处表示“在一个仍然面临这么多问题的世界上”,则设空处作定语修饰world,face与world之间为逻辑上的主动关系,故填facing。
10.absolutely 考查副词。根据空后的形容词essential可知,此处需用副词作状语修饰形容词,故填absolutely。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了8月19日至21日,石窟寺保护国际论坛在重庆举行,大约一百六十名专家参加了此次论坛,探讨了合作机会和保护世界各地石窟寺的方法。
1.from 考查介词。根据空后的“August 19 to 21”可推知,此处介绍论坛的持续时间,表示“从8月19日至21日”,因此空处应用介词from,构成固定短语from...to...。故填from。
2.said 考查时态。句意:国家文物局局长李群在开幕式上表示,中国石窟寺在主题和艺术风格方面表现出显著的特点,反映了中国文明的和平本质。分析句子可知,“that Chinese cave temples...of Chinese civilization”为that引导的宾语从句,其中which引导非限制性定语从句,空处为主句的谓语。结合宾语从句的时态(displayed)推断此处在叙述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时。故填said。
3.peaceful 考查形容词。句意同上。分析句子可知,空处修饰名词nature,应用形容词作定语,peace的形容词形式peaceful意为“和平的”,符合语境。故填peaceful。
4.contributing 考查现在分词。句意:召开该论坛是为了改善石窟寺的保护,揭示它们的价值和历史意义,为保护人类的智力成果做出贡献。分析句子可知,句子主干成分完整,句中已有谓语动词was held,空处应用非谓语动词。此处表示随着前边的行为自然发生的结果,作结果状语,因此应用contribute的现在分词形式。故填contributing。
5.to promote 考查不定式。句意:专家们同意在考虑到全球气候变化的情况下促进石窟寺的保护,开发新材料,建立早期预警系统,创建一个全球历史图像数据库,他们希望这些能帮助后代欣赏它们的美。根据agreed及语境可知,此处使用的是固定短语agree to do sth.,意为“同意做某事”。故填to promote。
6.which 考查定语从句。句意同上。分析句子可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,对前面提到的各种行动作补充说明,这些行动指物,关系词在从句中作主语,因此应用关系代词which引导定语从句。故填which。
7.globally 考查副词。句意:水和风是造成全球范围内石窟寺和石刻破坏的主要因素……。分析句子可知,空处修饰动词短语causing damage,因此应用global的副词形式globally,意为“全球地”。故填globally。
8.caused 考查过去分词。句意:……一名专家补充说,气候变化导致了自然威胁造成的不确定性日益增加。分析句子可知,句中已有谓语动词said,空处应用非谓语动词。由语境可知空处作uncertainty的后置定语,cause(造成)与uncertainty是逻辑上的被动关系,因此应用cause的过去分词形式。故填caused。
9.studies 考查名词的数。句意:他呼吁对诸如与水有关的破坏和地质环境等核心因素进行深入研究。study在此处意为“研究”,为可数名词,此处表示泛指,空前没有冠词修饰,应用复数形式。故填studies。
10.and 考查连词。句意:此外,应努力加强考古调查,探索这些遗址的价值,并管理旅游业。分析句子可知,空处连接前后两个动名词短语strengthening...和exploring...,应用并列连词and。故填and。
【高频词汇】 1.forum n.论坛 2.run the risk of 冒……风险;冒……的危险 3.display v.显示,表现;陈列;展出 4.remarkable adj.引人注目的,非凡的
5.characteristic n.特点 6.reflect v.反映 7.preservation n.保护,维护 8.uncover v.揭示,发现 9.strengthen v.加强 10.investigation n.调查
【差距词汇】 1.in light of 基于某种情况或信息,考虑到某事或在某种情况下 2.database n.数据库
3.geological adj.地质的 4.archaeological adj.考古学的
长难句
原句 Li Qun, director of the National Cultural Heritage Administration, said in the opening ceremony that Chinese cave temples displayed remarkable characteristics in terms of their subject matter and artistic style, which reflected the peaceful nature of Chinese civilization.
分析 本句是主从复合句。主句中director of the National Cultural Heritage Administration作Li Qun的同位语,said 是主句的谓语,“that Chinese cave temples...Chinese civilization”为that引导的宾语从句,其中which 引导的是非限制性定语从句,先行词是characteristics。
译文 国家文物局局长李群在开幕式上表示,中国石窟寺在主题和艺术风格方面表现出显著的特点,反映了中国文明的和平本质。
Ⅲ.A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在伊拉克巴格达做无国界医生的经历和感受。
1.A 主旨大意题。第二段主要描述了作者在巴格达遇到的挑战,包括气候、新的职责、多元文化碰撞等。故选A。
2.B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“This young man came out of the MSF rehabilitation centre upright and proud, walking towards a brighter future.”可知,年轻人走出康复中心时,心中充满骄傲和对美好未来的期待。故选B。
3.D 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“my overall role is to support better physiotherapy practices and to collaborate with Iraqis to develop civilian services”可知,作者在康复中心的主要职责是对更好的理疗培训进行援助,并与当地人员合作发展居民服务事业。
4.D 推理判断题。根据文章中对作者报名参加无国界医生到伊拉克服务的描述可知,作者是一个“慷慨的(generous)”人;根据最后一段可知,住在巴格达就意味着要背负沉重的过去,也意味着希望,希望伊拉克丰富、古老的文化得到认可,让人们忘记战争。作者认为所做的一切都是值得的。由此可以看出,作者是一个“积极乐观的(positive)”人。
【高频词汇】 1.take hold of 握住,抓住 2.go through经历 3.adapt to 适应 4.multicultural adj.多元文化的
5.incredible adj.极好的,难以置信的 6.primarily adv.主要地,根本地
长难句
原句 Under the burning sun there, I went through one of the most challenging experiences, such as adapting to a climate that sometimes lacks softness, and adapting to my new professional duties, my multicultural team and the pace that always took us further.
分析 句中第一个并列连词and连接前后两个并列的adapting to短语,而第二个and则连接my new professional duties、my multicultural team和the pace。“that always took us further”为that引导的定语从句,修饰先行词the pace。
译文 在那里,在烈日下,我经历了最具挑战性的体验之一,比如适应有时缺乏温和的气候,适应我的新专业职责,适应我的多元文化团队,适应总是让我们走得更远的节奏。
B
◎语篇解读 这是一篇议论文。文章通过介绍作者志愿者经历的心得,论述了志愿服务的积极意义,倡导年轻人多参加志愿活动。
5.A 推理判断题。根据第一段的内容“志愿服务通常不是年轻人最想做的事情。但是,在学生组织和非营利组织的一点点推动下,志愿服务和社区变革可以开始发挥巨大的带头作用。它们变成不仅仅是在简历或大学申请上看起来漂亮的东西,而且是年轻人的首要关注点和一种学习经历”可知,虽然很多年轻人不是很愿意去做志愿服务,但是它有着非常积极的意义。由此可推断志愿服务是值得认真对待的。故选A。
6.C 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句和第三句的内容可知,有几次作者会去教堂帮忙分类,把罐头食品分发给无家可归的人;被分发食物的人衣衫褴褛,脸上带着沮丧的表情,这让作者想起了当今社会的残酷现实以及许多人在实现自我价值方面面临的困难。由此可知,作者在教堂的志愿服务经历让作者意识到很多无家可归的人所经历的巨大痛苦。故选C。
7.C 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句和第三句的内容可知,作者认为:我们要意识到自己有潜力去发现乐趣并与他人分享乐趣,我们有潜力尽自己所能去给予,这些都有助于加强人与人之间的理解。故选C(了解我们与他人分享快乐的能力)。
易错归因
本题易错选D项。第三段最后一句提到“这些对于帮助我们打开理解之门、花时间积极倾听和与社区成员沟通非常重要”,这里只谈到积极倾听和与社区成员沟通,D项“花时间解决邻里间的问题”属于过度推断,故排除。
8.A 推理判断题。分析文章结构可知,文章第一段先论述了志愿者经历对年轻人的积极意义,第二段和第三段作者从自身经历出发,进一步说明了志愿服务对年轻人和社会的影响;最后一段中作者发出号召,鼓励年轻人多参与志愿服务。综合以上可推断,作者写这篇文章的目的是号召年轻人参与志愿服务。故选A。
【高频词汇】 1.nonprofit adj.非营利的 2.lead n.实例;范例;榜样 take the lead带头行动,做出榜样
3.application n.申请;应用 4.considerable adj.相当多(或大、重要等)的 5.sort v.分类,整理 6.hand out分发 7.percentage n.百分率;百分比 8.as a matter of fact事实上 9.open-minded adj.思想开明的
10.promising adj.有希望的
【差距词汇】 1.volunteerism n.志愿劳动服务 2.self-worth n.自我价值感
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2025外研版高中英语选择性必修第二册
Unit 4 Breaking boundaries
Part 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.(2021浙江) Leslie Nielsen's (奉献) to acting is wonderfully inspiring.
2.Medical (专家) encourage teens to make lifestyle changes to help themselves develop good sleeping habits.
3.It is said that great works of art can go beyond national (界限).
4.I didn't take your call because many important things were being (处理) urgently in my office just now.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.(2021全国乙)I love doing housework, and I always assist my parents doing the dishes after meals.
2.I smiled in (relieve) after I heard that my son had been admitted by Tsinghua University.
3.Over the past year, we have been busy preparing for the College Entrance Examination, which is vital most Chinese students.
4.(2024福建福州期中联考)With his knowledge of botany and experience in farming practices, Shull was appointed as a botanical (assist) in the laboratory.
5.(易错题)In recent years, I (relieve) of the economic burden greatly by my family.
Ⅲ.选词填空
take any chances;be caught up in;against all odds;put sb. at risk
My city 1. a severe flood, which seriously affected the life of the general public. I told my mom about my intention of being a volunteer to help with the disaster relief and reconstruction work. However, my mom said it would 2. easily. She advised me not to 3. to go out, but I finally convinced her. 4. , we succeeded in defeating the flood in the end.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.(2021全国乙写作)在网络的帮助下,我们可以充分利用最广泛的教育资源来开阔我们的视野。
the Internet, we can make full use of the most extensive educational resources to broaden our horizons.
2.这些课外活动可以缓解学生的压力。(relieve)
The extra-curricular activities can .
3.这是我第一次当众演讲,所以我感觉有点紧张。
in public, so I feel a bit nervous.(读后续写—心理描写)
4.当你参加家宴时,注意餐桌礼仪是至关重要的。(一句多译:vital)
① your table manners when you attend a dinner party.
② you should mind your table manners when you attend a dinner party.
5.We left school five years ago, but those memories are as sweet as ever before. (句式升级:since)
→
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
I felt proud of being part of MSF, 1 mission is to provide medical care for those affected by conflict, disasters or a lack of access 2 health care.
Seeing the tragic scenes on the news, I felt it my duty as a doctor 3 (offer) my help. Ebola doesn't respect national 4 (boundary). As a result, there should be no borders for those involved in combating this terrible disease.
Before I 5 (step) into Emma's shoes, she talked me through the daily routine and introduced me to the working staff there. With each person I met, I felt a 6 (grow) sense of pride as part of this team. Despite the high death rate, we never gave up on a patient. Against all odds, some made a full 7 (recover).
To be caught up in such 8 crisis creates strong bonds between people. In a world still 9 (face) so many problems, it is 10 (absolute) essential for us all to work together to create a global community with a shared future of peace and prosperity.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2024四川成都期中联考)
Around 160 specialists attended the International Forum on Cave Temple Conservation in Chongqing 1 August 19 to 21 to explore opportunities for collaboration and methods to protect rock carvings in cave temples around the world.
The carvings run the risk of damage over time as a result of weathering and climate change. Li Qun, director of the National Cultural Heritage Administration, 2 (say) in the opening ceremony that Chinese cave temples displayed remarkable characteristics in terms of their subject matter and artistic style, which reflected the 3 (peace) nature of Chinese civilization.
The forum was held to improve the preservation of cave temples and uncover their value and historical significance, 4 (contribute) to the preservation of humanity's intellectual achievements.
Experts agreed 5 (promote) the protection of cave temples in light of global climate change, develop new materials, build early warning systems, and create a global database of historical images, 6 they hoped would help future generations appreciate their beauty.
“Water and wind are the primary factors causing damage to the cave temples and stone carvings 7 (global),” said an expert, adding that climate change had led to the increasing uncertainty 8 (cause) by natural threats. He called for in-depth 9 (study) on core factors such as water-related damage and the geological environment. Moreover, efforts should be directed toward strengthening archaeological investigations 10 exploring the value of these sites, as well as managing tourism.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
(2023山东临沂期中联考)
After several months of waiting, in November 2018, I received an offer to assist for six months as a Physiotherapy Activity Manager (PAM) in one of the MSF rehabilitation (康复) centres in Baghdad! Leaving in January! Wow! A sudden mix of excitement and anxiety briefly took hold of me...but I made my decision quickly—I would leave in January for Iraq.
Under the burning sun there, I went through one of the most challenging experiences, such as adapting to a climate that sometimes lacks softness, and adapting to my new professional duties, my multicultural team and the pace that always took us further.
I met a patient during our weekly medical rounds: This young man had been in a tragic accident on the family farm when he was just a child, leaving him with only one arm and one leg. For more than 10 years, he mainly got around by dragging himself along the ground, and thus developed incredible physical and mental strength. This young man came out of the MSF rehabilitation centre upright and proud, walking towards a brighter future.
The MSF project also supports the national health care system, primarily through knowledge sharing. Unfortunately, the health care and education systems have been particularly hard hit by war. Today's system is still marked by the past and by corruption(腐败)—it struggles to recover and regain its former prestige (声望). The project has given us the chance to improve physiotherapy training so that more people can receive rehabilitative care. As a PAM, my overall role is to support better physiotherapy practices and to collaborate with Iraqis to develop civilian services.
Although Baghdad is fairly more modern and freer than its neighbors, strict security checks have become a regular part of day-to-day life. Living in Baghdad means living with a heavy past. It also means hope. Hope that Iraq's culture, which is rich, generous and ancient, will be recognized and make people forget about war. Everything we have done is rewarding.
1.What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A.The difficulties the author faced in Baghdad.
B.How the author got the offer to work for MSF.
C.The mixed feelings the author experienced in Iraq.
D.How the author made his decision to become a PAM.
2.What can be learned about the young man mentioned in Paragraph 3
A.He got wounded in a war. B.He left the centre full of hope.
C.He left his farm for a brighter future. D.He got help from the local government.
3.What does the author mainly do in the centre
A.He fights against the corruption.
B.He teaches practical knowledge to Iraqi kids.
C.He treats people suffering from mental illnesses.
D.He helps Iraqis to develop their rehabilitative care.
4.Which of the following can be used to describe the author
A.Strict but caring. B.Proud but patient. C.Brave and honest. D.Generous and positive.
B
(2024辽宁沈阳重点高中郊联体月考)
Volunteering is something that is usually not at the top of young people's lists. But with a little bit of a push from student organizations and nonprofit organizations, volunteerism and community change can start to take a huge lead. They become not just something that will look good on a resume (简历) or college application, but a first concern and a learning experience for the young.
I did a considerable amount of community work during my summer breaks. A few times I would go down to the church and help with the sorting and handing out canned foods to the homeless. The ragged (破旧的) cloth and the look of upset printed on the faces of the people I handed out food to reminded me of the hard realities of our society today and the difficulty many people face in achieving their self-worth. I was also reminded of the fact that the statistics we hear every day about homelessness are real people—not just numbers. The largest percentage of people who are homeless is in fact, not the men on the street, but families: mothers, children of all ages, and fathers.
The most important thing I've learned from my volunteer experiences is that people are not powerless; as a matter of fact, we have a great deal of potential (潜力). I learned how exciting it is to realize how much fun you have in your own life and how beautiful it is to share that with others and hoped that they will discover it themselves. I learned how giving human beings are, even when they don't have much to give. These are important to help us open doors of understanding and take time to actively listen to and communicate with our community members.
The relationship between young people and nonprofit organizations can be the start of a great change in the community and should be a very powerful and rewarding educational experience. An open-minded and promising flow of communication between organizations and community members can be the start of social and environmental change. Together, we can make the change.
5. What can we learn about volunteering from the first paragraph
A.It deserves to be taken seriously. B.It is more important than grades.
C.It is a must in the college application. D.It runs high on young people's lists.
6. What did the author realize through his experience of working in the church
A.The necessity to improve himself. B.His willingness to do community work.
C.The great suffering of many homeless people. D.The amazingly large number of the homeless.
7. What does the author think is important to have community understanding
A.Supporting each other with financial giving. B.Developing our potential to discover beauty.
C.Knowing our ability to share fun with others. D.Taking time to solve neighborhood problems.
8. What's the author's probable purpose in writing the text
A.To call on the young to volunteer. B.To share his volunteer experiences.
C.To explain the benefits of volunteering. D.To introduce suitable community work.
答案与分层梯度式解析
Unit 4 Breaking boundaries
Part 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.devotion/commitment 2.specialists 3.boundaries
4.tackled
Ⅱ.1.in 考查介词。句意:我喜欢做家务。饭后我总是帮助父母洗碗。assist sb. in doing sth.帮助某人做某事。
2.relief 考查名词。句意:听到儿子被清华大学录取的消息,我放心地笑了。根据空前的介词in可知设空处应用名词。in relief宽慰地,放心地。
3.for/to 考查介词。句意:在过去的一年中,我们都忙着准备高考,这场考试对于大多数中国学生而言都至关重要。be vital for/to...意为“对……至关重要”。
4.assistant 考查名词。句意:由于沙尔的植物学知识和农业实践经验,他被任命为实验室的植物学助理。空前的botanical以-cal结尾,推测其为形容词,结合句子结构和空前的冠词a可知设空处应用名词作介词as的宾语。由was appointed as(被任命为)可知设空处为表示职位的名词,由提示词assist可知设空处应用名词assistant,表示“助理”,符合语境。空前有a修饰,应用单数形式,故填assistant。botanical意为“植物学的”。
5.have been relieved 考查时态、语态及主谓一致。由In recent years可知此句应用现在完成时;relieve sb. of...意为“减轻/解除某人的……”,此处表示“我被减轻经济负担”,则I与relieve为被动关系,应用被动语态;主语为I,故填have been relieved。
易错归因
此处容易错填成主动形式。此句意为“近年来,我的家人极大地减轻了我的经济负担”。根据句末的by my family可知,“我”的负担是被家人减轻的,所以要用被动语态。
Ⅲ.1.was caught up in 2.put me at risk 3.take any chances 4.Against all odds
Ⅳ.1.With the assistance/help of 2.relieve students of their pressure 3.This/It is the first time I have made/given a speech 4.①It is vital to mind ②It is vital that
5.It is/has been five years since we left school, but those memories are as sweet as ever before.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.whose 考查定语从句。设空处无提示词,前面内容意思完整,不缺成分,且设空处作定语修饰mission,后面谓语为is,故此处应用关系代词whose引导非限制性定语从句,表示“MSF的”。句意:我为成为无国界医生组织的一员而感到自豪,该组织的使命是为那些受冲突、灾难或缺乏获得医疗服务的机会影响的人提供医疗服务。
2.to 考查介词。access to...使用/见到……的机会。
类比启发
有些名词后面要接介词to来表示“……的……”,类似用法的结构有:the key to... ……的关键;the solution to... ……的解决方案;the approach to... ……的方法;the answer to... ……的答案。
3.to offer 考查动词不定式。分析句子可知,“I felt it my duty as a doctor 3 my help”使用的是“feel it+n.+to do sth.”结构,其中it为形式宾语,名词为宾补,不定式为真正的宾语。故填to offer。
4.boundaries 考查名词的数。boundary为可数名词,其前没有冠词修饰,应用复数形式。故填boundaries。
5.stepped 考查时态。句中Before引导时间状语从句,设空处为该从句的谓语,根据主句谓语动词talked和introduced可知此处表示过去的事,应用一般过去时。
6.growing 考查形容词。根据空后的名词sense可知,此处应用形容词作定语修饰sense,由语境可知此处表示“增强的,增长的”,故填growing。a growing sense of...意为“不断增强的……感”。
7.recovery 考查名词。由空前的不定冠词a及形容词full可知,此处应用名词作made的宾语;由语境可知此处表示“恢复”,故填recovery。
8.a 考查冠词。句意:陷入这样一种危机使人们之间产生了强有力的纽带。此处表示泛指,指“一种危机”,应用不定冠词,且crisis以辅音音素开头,故填a。
9.facing 考查现在分词。该句中已有谓语动词is,故此处应用非谓语动词。此处表示“在一个仍然面临这么多问题的世界上”,则设空处作定语修饰world,face与world之间为逻辑上的主动关系,故填facing。
10.absolutely 考查副词。根据空后的形容词essential可知,此处需用副词作状语修饰形容词,故填absolutely。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了8月19日至21日,石窟寺保护国际论坛在重庆举行,大约一百六十名专家参加了此次论坛,探讨了合作机会和保护世界各地石窟寺的方法。
1.from 考查介词。根据空后的“August 19 to 21”可推知,此处介绍论坛的持续时间,表示“从8月19日至21日”,因此空处应用介词from,构成固定短语from...to...。故填from。
2.said 考查时态。句意:国家文物局局长李群在开幕式上表示,中国石窟寺在主题和艺术风格方面表现出显著的特点,反映了中国文明的和平本质。分析句子可知,“that Chinese cave temples...of Chinese civilization”为that引导的宾语从句,其中which引导非限制性定语从句,空处为主句的谓语。结合宾语从句的时态(displayed)推断此处在叙述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时。故填said。
3.peaceful 考查形容词。句意同上。分析句子可知,空处修饰名词nature,应用形容词作定语,peace的形容词形式peaceful意为“和平的”,符合语境。故填peaceful。
4.contributing 考查现在分词。句意:召开该论坛是为了改善石窟寺的保护,揭示它们的价值和历史意义,为保护人类的智力成果做出贡献。分析句子可知,句子主干成分完整,句中已有谓语动词was held,空处应用非谓语动词。此处表示随着前边的行为自然发生的结果,作结果状语,因此应用contribute的现在分词形式。故填contributing。
5.to promote 考查不定式。句意:专家们同意在考虑到全球气候变化的情况下促进石窟寺的保护,开发新材料,建立早期预警系统,创建一个全球历史图像数据库,他们希望这些能帮助后代欣赏它们的美。根据agreed及语境可知,此处使用的是固定短语agree to do sth.,意为“同意做某事”。故填to promote。
6.which 考查定语从句。句意同上。分析句子可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,对前面提到的各种行动作补充说明,这些行动指物,关系词在从句中作主语,因此应用关系代词which引导定语从句。故填which。
7.globally 考查副词。句意:水和风是造成全球范围内石窟寺和石刻破坏的主要因素……。分析句子可知,空处修饰动词短语causing damage,因此应用global的副词形式globally,意为“全球地”。故填globally。
8.caused 考查过去分词。句意:……一名专家补充说,气候变化导致了自然威胁造成的不确定性日益增加。分析句子可知,句中已有谓语动词said,空处应用非谓语动词。由语境可知空处作uncertainty的后置定语,cause(造成)与uncertainty是逻辑上的被动关系,因此应用cause的过去分词形式。故填caused。
9.studies 考查名词的数。句意:他呼吁对诸如与水有关的破坏和地质环境等核心因素进行深入研究。study在此处意为“研究”,为可数名词,此处表示泛指,空前没有冠词修饰,应用复数形式。故填studies。
10.and 考查连词。句意:此外,应努力加强考古调查,探索这些遗址的价值,并管理旅游业。分析句子可知,空处连接前后两个动名词短语strengthening...和exploring...,应用并列连词and。故填and。
【高频词汇】 1.forum n.论坛 2.run the risk of 冒……风险;冒……的危险 3.display v.显示,表现;陈列;展出 4.remarkable adj.引人注目的,非凡的
5.characteristic n.特点 6.reflect v.反映 7.preservation n.保护,维护 8.uncover v.揭示,发现 9.strengthen v.加强 10.investigation n.调查
【差距词汇】 1.in light of 基于某种情况或信息,考虑到某事或在某种情况下 2.database n.数据库
3.geological adj.地质的 4.archaeological adj.考古学的
长难句
原句 Li Qun, director of the National Cultural Heritage Administration, said in the opening ceremony that Chinese cave temples displayed remarkable characteristics in terms of their subject matter and artistic style, which reflected the peaceful nature of Chinese civilization.
分析 本句是主从复合句。主句中director of the National Cultural Heritage Administration作Li Qun的同位语,said 是主句的谓语,“that Chinese cave temples...Chinese civilization”为that引导的宾语从句,其中which 引导的是非限制性定语从句,先行词是characteristics。
译文 国家文物局局长李群在开幕式上表示,中国石窟寺在主题和艺术风格方面表现出显著的特点,反映了中国文明的和平本质。
Ⅲ.A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在伊拉克巴格达做无国界医生的经历和感受。
1.A 主旨大意题。第二段主要描述了作者在巴格达遇到的挑战,包括气候、新的职责、多元文化碰撞等。故选A。
2.B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“This young man came out of the MSF rehabilitation centre upright and proud, walking towards a brighter future.”可知,年轻人走出康复中心时,心中充满骄傲和对美好未来的期待。故选B。
3.D 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“my overall role is to support better physiotherapy practices and to collaborate with Iraqis to develop civilian services”可知,作者在康复中心的主要职责是对更好的理疗培训进行援助,并与当地人员合作发展居民服务事业。
4.D 推理判断题。根据文章中对作者报名参加无国界医生到伊拉克服务的描述可知,作者是一个“慷慨的(generous)”人;根据最后一段可知,住在巴格达就意味着要背负沉重的过去,也意味着希望,希望伊拉克丰富、古老的文化得到认可,让人们忘记战争。作者认为所做的一切都是值得的。由此可以看出,作者是一个“积极乐观的(positive)”人。
【高频词汇】 1.take hold of 握住,抓住 2.go through经历 3.adapt to 适应 4.multicultural adj.多元文化的
5.incredible adj.极好的,难以置信的 6.primarily adv.主要地,根本地
长难句
原句 Under the burning sun there, I went through one of the most challenging experiences, such as adapting to a climate that sometimes lacks softness, and adapting to my new professional duties, my multicultural team and the pace that always took us further.
分析 句中第一个并列连词and连接前后两个并列的adapting to短语,而第二个and则连接my new professional duties、my multicultural team和the pace。“that always took us further”为that引导的定语从句,修饰先行词the pace。
译文 在那里,在烈日下,我经历了最具挑战性的体验之一,比如适应有时缺乏温和的气候,适应我的新专业职责,适应我的多元文化团队,适应总是让我们走得更远的节奏。
B
◎语篇解读 这是一篇议论文。文章通过介绍作者志愿者经历的心得,论述了志愿服务的积极意义,倡导年轻人多参加志愿活动。
5.A 推理判断题。根据第一段的内容“志愿服务通常不是年轻人最想做的事情。但是,在学生组织和非营利组织的一点点推动下,志愿服务和社区变革可以开始发挥巨大的带头作用。它们变成不仅仅是在简历或大学申请上看起来漂亮的东西,而且是年轻人的首要关注点和一种学习经历”可知,虽然很多年轻人不是很愿意去做志愿服务,但是它有着非常积极的意义。由此可推断志愿服务是值得认真对待的。故选A。
6.C 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句和第三句的内容可知,有几次作者会去教堂帮忙分类,把罐头食品分发给无家可归的人;被分发食物的人衣衫褴褛,脸上带着沮丧的表情,这让作者想起了当今社会的残酷现实以及许多人在实现自我价值方面面临的困难。由此可知,作者在教堂的志愿服务经历让作者意识到很多无家可归的人所经历的巨大痛苦。故选C。
7.C 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句和第三句的内容可知,作者认为:我们要意识到自己有潜力去发现乐趣并与他人分享乐趣,我们有潜力尽自己所能去给予,这些都有助于加强人与人之间的理解。故选C(了解我们与他人分享快乐的能力)。
易错归因
本题易错选D项。第三段最后一句提到“这些对于帮助我们打开理解之门、花时间积极倾听和与社区成员沟通非常重要”,这里只谈到积极倾听和与社区成员沟通,D项“花时间解决邻里间的问题”属于过度推断,故排除。
8.A 推理判断题。分析文章结构可知,文章第一段先论述了志愿者经历对年轻人的积极意义,第二段和第三段作者从自身经历出发,进一步说明了志愿服务对年轻人和社会的影响;最后一段中作者发出号召,鼓励年轻人多参与志愿服务。综合以上可推断,作者写这篇文章的目的是号召年轻人参与志愿服务。故选A。
【高频词汇】 1.nonprofit adj.非营利的 2.lead n.实例;范例;榜样 take the lead带头行动,做出榜样
3.application n.申请;应用 4.considerable adj.相当多(或大、重要等)的 5.sort v.分类,整理 6.hand out分发 7.percentage n.百分率;百分比 8.as a matter of fact事实上 9.open-minded adj.思想开明的
10.promising adj.有希望的
【差距词汇】 1.volunteerism n.志愿劳动服务 2.self-worth n.自我价值感
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