2025外研版高中英语选择性必修第四册强化练习题--Unit 5 Part 3 Developing ideas & Presenting ideas（含答案与解析）
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2025外研版高中英语选择性必修第四册
Part 3 Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.All (物质) are made of atoms, whether they are solids, liquids or gases.
2.The house is far too small for us. F , it s not close enough to the school.
3.The city s average rainfall was 14 (毫米) in the 24 hours till Friday morning.
4.The athletes are required to stand with their feet apart and their hands facing (向上).
5.The shoreline (勘探) for oil and gas under the lake beds will be carried under strict supervision.
Ⅱ.一词多义
1.This kind of cloth shrinks easily in the wash.
词性: 词义:
2.The little boy was frightened,shrinking away from the tall man.
词性: 词义:
3.Such absurd ideas should be dismissed from your mind.
词性: 词义:
4.The woman was upset about being dismissed from the company in her recovery.
词性: 词义:
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.Breathing such polluted air is equivalent smoking ten cigarettes a day.
2.I was disappointed to miss Bryan, who had just checked of the hotel.
3.The city adopted the strict management policy and some effective measures, achieving (note) results in tourism.
4.Although wounded all over his body, the brave soldier continued (fight).
5.When for a position, every must fill in the form before the interview.(apply)
6.The accident for a week, and the says the cause of it is still under .(investigate)
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.(2022浙江1月)我的搭档躺在床上,既虚弱又忧心忡忡。(倒装句;lie)
, weak and worried.(读后续写—情节描写)
2.并非每个运动员都能在重要比赛中发挥出自己应有的水平。(部分否定结构;perform)
as well as he should in important competitions.
3.这次展览将提供一个了解古代人日常生活和爱好的窗口。(offer)
This exhibition will the daily routine and interests of the people in ancient times.
4.无论谁在比赛中失败都不应该泄气。(一句多译)
① shall not lose heart.(名词性从句)
② shall not lose heart.(定语从句)
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
All of the estimated three million shipwrecks lying under waters across 1 globe represent attempts over the centuries 2 (explore) Earth s furthest corners. Among these is the Esmeralda, the 3 (early) wreck from the age of the European exploration of Asia.
Many archaeological finds are made in shallow waters near the coast. Besides, amazing biological 4 (discovery) are also being made. For instance, the dark zones of the oceans may hold up to 90 per cent of the planet s fish. These finds all help us understand the capacity for life on our planet. Furthermore, the oceans are a 5 (value) source of natural resources, some of 6 are completely new to us. The research conducted by underwater vessels is helping scientists better know how the sea bed 7 (form).
8 (have) a tough environment of complete darkness, enormous pressure and intense cold, the ocean depths have long been 9 the reach of human exploration. However, through closer international scientific, economic and cultural 10 (cooperate), we are working together to open up our planet s final frontier and maybe we ll be familiar with the world beneath the waves one day.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2024陕西渭南期末)
The “Fair South Recalled—Shanghai Intangible Cultural Heritage Painting Exhibition” kicked off at the Sydney Opera House 1 Tuesday.
The exhibition, 2 aim is to promote cultural exchanges between China and Australia, was co-hosted by the China Cultural Center in Sydney and other agencies. It was held 3 (mark) the 10th anniversary(周年纪念日) of the establishment of the China-Australia Comprehensive Strategic Partnership. The 10-day exhibition showcased a selected 4 (collect) of Jinshan peasant(农民) paintings at the China Cultural Center in Sydney. The works often feature a wide range of striking colors 5 diverse elements from traditional arts.
6 (list) as Shanghai s intangible cultural heritage, the Jinshan peasant painting 7 (exhibit) in many nations and regions across the world over the past decades. This time, painter Li Yuan presented his work themed on Sydney s landmarks as a gift to David van Nunen, president of the Australian Watercolour Institute.
With “Reminiscing(回忆)about Jiangnan” as the theme, the exhibition expressed 8 expectation of further promoting the exchange and understanding of civilisations between the two nations. “It s obvious that the people of both 9 (nation) share a deep enthusiasm for life. I m delighted to participate in this extraordinary cultural exchange,” said David van Nunen.
In particular, the City Walk Shanghai series albums were displayed at the opening ceremony, 10 (show) Shanghai s innovation and convenience.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
(2023广东江门市第一中学阶段练习)
Sometimes shipwrecks contain sunken treasure, loads of gold or jewelry. Other shipwrecks themselves are the treasure—the stories of their ill-fated voyages creating legends that make them sparkle far more than any gold or precious stone.
The wreck of HMS Endurance, which has finally been located deep beneath the icy seas of Antarctica after being lost 107 years ago, is arguably the most valuable shipwreck ever sought. That s because its discovery adds another thrilling new chapter to an already fascinating tale of perseverance and survival that has echoed down the decades and still inspires people today.
Incredibly well preserved at a depth of almost two miles, the ship is little changed from the day in November 1915 when it finally sank beneath the ice. Endurance became buried in ice while crossing Antarctica s Weddell Sea. The video shot by underwater search vehicles shows painted timbers, an undamaged guardrail (护栏) and the name “ENDURANCE” written above the five-pointed symbol of a polar star.
“I tell you, you would have to be made of stone not to feel a bit soft at the sight of that star and the name above,” Mensun Bound, the mission s marine archaeologist, told the BBC. “You can see a porthole (舷窗) that is in Shackleton s cabin. At that moment, you really do feel the breath of the great man upon the back of your neck.” Shackleton s leadership was crucial to getting his men out alive. The reason why Shackleton is still applauded becomes obvious when you consider what he has achieved in the face of disasters and hardships during his 1914-1916 expedition. The practicality and humanity he showed in the face of severe situations were arguably praised.
1.What makes Endurance the most valuable shipwreck
A.The treasure aboard. B.Its inspiring stories.
C.Its undamaged guardrail. D.The symbol of a polar star.
2.What can we know about Endurance when it was discovered
A.It was badly ruined at a depth of almost two miles.
B.It was beyond recognition from the day when it finally sank.
C.It became fixed firmly and deeply beneath the icy seas.
D.Its name above the five-pointed symbol of a polar star was gone.
3.What can we infer from Mensun Bound s words
A.The floating ice is as hard as stone. B.The well-preserved shipwreck is amazing.
C.The heroic deeds of Shackleton are touching. D.The discovery of Endurance is challenging.
4.What is the text type of the passage
A.A book review. B.A news story. C.A biography. D.A travel journal.
Ⅳ.七选五
(2024河南名校联考)
Fungi(真菌) play an important role in ecosystems, are a source of food, and make a key contribution to the world of medicine. 1
An estimated two million fungal species—more than 90% of all fungi—have yet to be described by science, according to a science reporter. 2 Scientists are trying to find out more about this largely unexplored world, but it is challenging. Dr Martyn Ainsworth, a senior researcher from Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, in London, says, “We can grow a certain number in the lab. 3 This has held back a lot of research.”
4 “A lot of people are afraid of poisonous mushrooms,” says Dr Jassy Drakulic, a plant pathologist, “but only a very small proportion of the thousands of species of fungi in the world can cause disease.” Most are harmless and often beneficial, called by some “the hidden helpers of our environment”.
Furthermore, some fungi provide food and shelter for wildlife, help plants absorb water and nutrients and recycle waste and dead substances. Other types of fungi grow on the roots of trees and other plants, forming a huge underground network that helps nourish these plants. 5
So, next time you add mushrooms to your dinner, take a painkiller for a headache, or go for a walk through the woods, remember to thank the living things that made it all possible—fungi.
A.Are mushrooms a type of fungus
B.So, why do we know so little about them
C.But there is a whole host of fungi that we cannot grow in the lab.
D.Wetlands are important because they provide food and shelter for wildlife.
E.The fact that we know so little about fungi leads us to misunderstand them.
F.“Fungi are really the behind-the-scenes team doing all the work,” adds Dr Ainsworth.
G.In the UK, there are around 25,000 species of fungi—five or six times more than plants.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
V.读后续写
(2022辽宁部分名校月考)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Deep in the forest, my husband and I had fun climbing over and crawling under the downed trees that blocked the dirt path before us. It was May, yet we walked up a snow-covered hill. When we noticed our jeans were wet up to our knees, it did not dampen our spirits. Not once did we say, “Let s turn around.” This was our vacation, and we were on an adventure. Little did we know this was the beginning of many more surprises.
The trail was marked as an easy one-kilometer hike yet we were already walking a longer distance. Our light-heartedness stopped when we came out into a clearing and saw a parking lot without our rental car in it. As my eyes scanned the surroundings, nothing looked familiar. My heart raced. I realized we were lost in a national park that did not officially open for another week.
Usually, I am the calm one in the relationship, but my husband surprised me with his calmness this time. This did not comfort me; in fact, it heightened my fear. As we walked, I asked my husband to call for help, but there was no cell-phone signal in this isolated(偏僻的) area.
It was awfully quiet except for our footsteps hitting the road, and my heavy breathing. My husband suggested we conserve energy and walk slower. With each step on the road, my feet and thighs hurt while my mind raced with thoughts about people who had been lost in the Canadian woods for days.
My vision sharpened. I noticed everything around me: the trees, rocks and snow. I thought we could eat the snow on the ground in case we needed water. For the first time in my life, I was ready and willing to get a ride, but we did not meet a single car on the road. Silently, I prayed multiple times. We focused on each other, made joint decisions and connected each other through gratitude. We managed to stay on the main road and walked straight on.
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
My husband suddenly spotted a small building on a hill in the distance.
Just then,a friendly woman appeared,saying,“ Hello.”
答案与分层梯度式解析
Part 3 Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.substances 2.Furthermore 3.millimetres
4.upwards 5.drilling
Ⅱ.1.动词;缩水 句意:这种布料洗涤时很容易缩水。
2.动词;退缩,畏缩 句意:这个小男孩很害怕,躲着这个高大的男人。
3.动词;去除,摒除 句意:你应该摒除你脑子里这些荒唐的想法。
4.动词;解雇,开除 句意:这位女士的病还未痊愈,又被公司解雇了,她很难过。
Ⅲ.1.to 考查介词。句意:呼吸这种被污染的空气相当于一天抽十根烟。be equivalent to意为“等于……,相当于……”。故填to。
2.out 考查副词。句意:我很失望没见到布莱恩,他刚刚从旅馆退房走了。根据语境可知,此处使用的是固定搭配check out,在此处意为“结账离开(旅馆等)”。故填out。
3.notable 考查形容词。句意:这座城市采取了严格的管理政策和一些有效措施,在旅游业方面取得了显著成效。设空处修饰名词results,应用形容词;由语境可知设空处表示“显著的”,故填notable。
4.to fight/fighting 考查非谓语动词。句意:尽管浑身是伤,但是这位英勇的士兵(依然)继续战斗。continue to do/doing sth.表示“继续做某事”。
5.applying; applicant; application 考查非谓语动词和名词。句意:申请职位时,每位申请者都必须在面试前填写申请表。“When for a position”为句子的状语,其逻辑主语为句子主语“every ”,由第一空前的When可知,此处为状语从句的省略,补充完整后为“When every is applying for a position”,此处省略了“every is”,故第一空填applying。由第二空前的every及句意可知第二空应用名词单数作主语,表示“申请者”,故填applicant。由语境可知fill in和before之间要表示“申请表”,the application form意为“申请表”,故第三空填application。
6.has been investigated; investigator; investigation 考查时态、语态、主谓一致和名词。句意:这次事故已经调查了一周了,调查员说事故的起因还在调查中。第一空为and前的分句的谓语,由第一空后的时间状语for a week和and后分句的谓语动词says可知要用现在完成时;主语The accident是第三人称单数,与investigate之间是被动关系,故第一空填has been investigated。由第二空前的the和语境可知第二空应用名词,表示“调查员”,且由says可知应用单数,故第二空填investigator。由语境可知第三空使用的是固定搭配under investigation,表示“在调查中”,故第三空填investigation。
Ⅳ.1.Lying on the bed was my partner
2.Not every athlete can perform
3.offer a window into
4.①Whoever fails in the competition ②Anyone who fails in the competition
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.the 考查冠词。across the globe表示“世界各地”。故填the。
2.to explore 考查动词不定式。分析句子可知,设空处修饰名词attempts,应用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to explore。
3.earliest 考查形容词的最高级。根据“Among”所表达的语境和空前的the可知此处表示“最早的沉船”,因此用形容词的最高级。故填earliest。
4.discoveries 考查名词复数。根据空前形容词biological和空后的are可知此处应用名词复数。故填discoveries。
5.valuable 考查形容词。设空处修饰空后的名词source,应用形容词;结合语境可知,设空处表示“有价值的”,故填valuable。
6.which 考查定语从句。分析句子可知,“some of 6 are completely new to us”为“代词+介词+关系代词”结构引导的非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词natural resources,关系词在从句中作介词of的宾语,指物,故应用which引导从句。
7.formed/was formed 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。海底形成是过去的事,应用一般过去时。form在此处表示“(自然事物)形成”,既可作及物动词也可作不及物动词。form作不及物动词时没有被动语态,故可以填formed; form作及物动词时,此处主语the sea bed与form之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,且主语是单数,故也可以填was formed。
8.Having 考查现在分词。句中已有谓语动词have been,设空处应用非谓语动词作状语;句子主语the ocean depths与have之间为逻辑上的主动关系,因此用现在分词。故填Having。
9.beyond 考查介词。由语境可知,此处表示“超出”,应用介词beyond,beyond the reach of表示“超出……的控制范围”。故填beyond。
10.cooperation 考查名词。设空处作介词through的宾语,应用名词;由语境可知此处表示“合作”,故填cooperation。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“忆江南——上海非遗艺术展(悉尼站)”于周二在悉尼歌剧院开幕,此展览主要是为了纪念中澳全面战略伙伴关系建立10周年。
1.on 考查介词。句意:“忆江南——上海非物质文化遗产艺术展”周二在悉尼歌剧院开幕。表示在具体某一天应用介词on。故填on。
2.whose 考查定语从句。句意:该展览由悉尼中国文化中心和其他机构共同主办,旨在促进中澳文化交流。分析句子可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,该从句修饰先行词The exhibition,关系词在从句中作定语,故用whose引导从句。
3.to mark 考查动词不定式。句意:举办这次展览是为了纪念中澳建立全面战略伙伴关系10周年。分析句子可知,设空处表示目的,应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to mark。
4.collection 考查名词。设空处作动词showcased的宾语,由空前的a可知应用名词单数。故填collection。
5.and 考查连词。句意:这些作品通常以各种醒目色彩和来自传统艺术的各种元素为特色。根据语境可知,空前的“striking colors”和空后的“diverse elements”为并列关系,应用并列连词and连接。
6.Listed 考查过去分词。句意:金山农民画被列为上海市非物质文化遗产,过去几十年来在世界多个国家和地区展出。分析句子可知,设空处应用非谓语动词作状语;句子主语the Jinshan peasant painting与list之间是被动关系,此处应用过去分词。故填Listed。
7.has been exhibited 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意同上题。分析句子可知,设空处作谓语,根据句中的时间状语over the past decades及语境可知,应用现在完成时;主语the Jinshan peasant painting与exhibit之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;主语是第三人称单数形式,故填has been exhibited。
8.the 考查冠词。句意:此次展览以“忆江南”为主题,表达了对进一步促进两国文明的交流与理解的期待。此处特指“促进两国文明的交流与理解的期待”,此处应用定冠词。故填the。
9.nations 考查名词复数。设空处作介词of的宾语,应用名词;根据空前的both可知,设空处应用名词复数。故填nations。
10.showing 考查现在分词。分析句子可知,设空处应用非谓语动词作状语;句子主语the City Walk Shanghai series albums与show之间是主动关系,此处应用现在分词。故填showing。
【高频词汇】 1.intangible adj.无形的 2.kick off开始
3.strategic adj.战略性的 4.feature v.以……为特色
5.striking adj.非常漂亮的;引人注目的
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了皇家海军舰艇Endurance的残骸是有史以来最有价值的沉船。
1.B 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“That s because its discovery adds another thrilling new chapter to an already fascinating tale of perseverance and survival that has echoed down the decades and still inspires people today.”可知,Endurance沉船被认为是最有价值的沉船在于其讲述的激励人的故事。故选B。
2.C 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“The wreck of HMS Endurance, which has finally been located deep beneath the icy seas of Antarctica...most valuable shipwreck ever sought.”可知,Endurance的残骸在南极洲冰冷的海水深处被发现,C项“它被牢牢地固定在冰冷的海水深处。”符合文意。故选C。
3.C 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“you would have to be...the name above”“you really do feel the breath of the great man upon the back of your neck”和“The reason why Shackleton is still...arguably praised.”可推测,沙克尔顿的英雄事迹令人感动。故选C。
4.B 推理判断题。文章第二段第一句引出了文章话题,即Endurance的残骸是发掘过的最有价值的沉船;接着作者在下文讲述了沉船的发掘情况及船长沙克尔顿的英勇精神。由此可推测,本文是一篇新闻报道。故选B。
【高频词汇】 1.contain v.包含,容纳 2.valuable adj.宝贵的,很重要的;贵重的 3.fascinating adj.迷人的,有吸引力的 4.incredibly adv.难以置信地;非常 5.vehicle n.工具,手段 6.obvious adj.明显的
【差距词汇】 1.sunken adj.沉没的,沉入水底的;凹陷的 2.ill-fated adj.结局悲惨的;时运不济的 3.sparkle v.闪耀 4.echo v.流传 5.practicality n.务实;实用性
长难句
原句 The reason why Shackleton is still applauded becomes obvious when you consider what he has achieved in the face of disasters and hardships during his 1914-1916 expedition.
分析 本句为主从复合句。why引导定语从句,修饰先行词The reason;when引导时间状语从句,其中的what引导宾语从句。
译文 当你考虑到沙克尔顿在1914年至1916年的探险中面对灾难和困难所取得的成就时,他仍然被称赞的原因就变得显而易见。
Ⅳ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了真菌的作用。
1.B 过渡句。上文“Fungi play an important role in ecosystems, are a source of food, and make a key contribution to the world of medicine.”提到真菌有重要作用,下文“An estimated two million fungal species—more than 90% of all fungi—have yet to be described by science”说90%以上的真菌尚未被科学描述;结合选项可知B项“So, why do we know so little about them ”承上启下,B项中的“them”指代上文中的“Fungi”。故选B。
2.G 细节句。根据上文“An estimated two million fungal species—more than 90% of all fungi—have yet to be described by science”可知,估计有两百万种真菌尚未被科学描述;G项“In the UK, there are around 25,000 species of fungi—five or six times more than plants.”承接上文,进一步描述真菌的庞大数量。故选G。
3.C 过渡句。上文“We can grow a certain number in the lab.”提到可以在实验室里培育一定数量的真菌,下文“This has held back a lot of research.”说这阻碍了很多研究的进展;结合选项可知C项“But there is a whole host of fungi that we cannot grow in the lab.”与上文构成转折关系,与下文构成因果关系,承上启下。故选C。
4.E 主旨句。设空处位于段首,推断是本段主旨句。根据下文“A lot of people are afraid of poisonous mushrooms”和“but only a very small proportion of the thousands of species of fungi in the world can cause disease”可知,真菌被人们误解,E项“The fact that we know so little about fungi leads us to misunderstand them.”能概括本段主旨,符合语境。故选E。
5.F 细节句。根据上文“Other types of fungi grow on the roots of trees and other plants, forming a huge underground network that helps nourish these plants.”可知,真菌生长在树木和其他植物的根部,形成一个巨大的地下网络,帮助滋养这些植物;F项“‘Fungi are really the behind-the-scenes team doing all the work,’ adds Dr Ainsworth.”总结上文真菌的作用,F项中的“behind-the-scenes”呼应上文中的“a huge underground network”。故选F。
【高频词汇】 1.estimated adj.估计的;预计的 2.find out查明;弄清 3.challenging adj.挑战性的 4.hold back阻挡;妨碍进展 5.misunderstand v.误解;误会
【熟词生义】 host n.许多;大量 a host of许多;大量
【差距词汇】 proportion n.比例;份额
Ⅴ.
写作指导
情节线 情感线
时间 one day in May 愉快 紧张、恐惧 (在森林里迷路) 镇定 希望得 到救助 兴奋 他们的心理有什么变化,最后 有什么感悟
地点 in a national park
人物 my husband and I, a friendly woman
事件 We were lost in a national park.
开端 在森林深处,“我”和“我”的丈夫愉快地爬过那些倒下的树,它们挡住了“我们”前面的土路。
发展 “我”和“我”的丈夫正深入森林探险,这时,“我们”注意到“我们”找不到租的车了,意识到“我们”在森林里迷路了,因此变得非常紧张。
高潮 “我们”只能保持镇定,继续在主干道上行走,希望遇到过路的车辆或行人以便求助。
Para. 1 My husband suddenly spotted a small building on a hill in the distance. ①丈夫发现小房子后“我们”的反应如何 ②“我们”在小房子处有什么遭遇 (衔接第二段)
Para. 2 Just then, a friendly woman appeared, saying, “Hello.” ①“我们”见到这位女士的反应怎样 ②这位女士做了什么 ③“我们”最终如何获救 ④“我们”如何看待这次经历
One possible version:
My husband suddenly spotted a small building on a hill in the distance. In no time we found ourselves heading for it. We were filled with hope and excitement to find such a building in the middle of nowhere. We climbed up the hill at a swinging pace as if all the pains had been gone. As we approached, a sign came into sight, which read: Administration Office. However, it was not open for business. The empty hall made us nervous all at once. We stood there hopelessly, wondering what to do next.
Just then, a friendly woman appeared, saying, “Hello.” I could barely hold back my excitement and blurted, “We re lost!” She comforted us and opened a room for us to take a break. Seeing we were cold and hungry, she treated us with hot chocolate. After studying the map, we figured out that our car was parked over three kilometers away. She offered to give us a ride back to our car and we accepted gladly. I felt relieved to see our rental car again. What a blessing to have such an unforgettable experience!
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2025外研版高中英语选择性必修第四册
Part 3 Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.All (物质) are made of atoms, whether they are solids, liquids or gases.
2.The house is far too small for us. F , it s not close enough to the school.
3.The city s average rainfall was 14 (毫米) in the 24 hours till Friday morning.
4.The athletes are required to stand with their feet apart and their hands facing (向上).
5.The shoreline (勘探) for oil and gas under the lake beds will be carried under strict supervision.
Ⅱ.一词多义
1.This kind of cloth shrinks easily in the wash.
词性: 词义:
2.The little boy was frightened,shrinking away from the tall man.
词性: 词义:
3.Such absurd ideas should be dismissed from your mind.
词性: 词义:
4.The woman was upset about being dismissed from the company in her recovery.
词性: 词义:
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.Breathing such polluted air is equivalent smoking ten cigarettes a day.
2.I was disappointed to miss Bryan, who had just checked of the hotel.
3.The city adopted the strict management policy and some effective measures, achieving (note) results in tourism.
4.Although wounded all over his body, the brave soldier continued (fight).
5.When for a position, every must fill in the form before the interview.(apply)
6.The accident for a week, and the says the cause of it is still under .(investigate)
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.(2022浙江1月)我的搭档躺在床上,既虚弱又忧心忡忡。(倒装句;lie)
, weak and worried.(读后续写—情节描写)
2.并非每个运动员都能在重要比赛中发挥出自己应有的水平。(部分否定结构;perform)
as well as he should in important competitions.
3.这次展览将提供一个了解古代人日常生活和爱好的窗口。(offer)
This exhibition will the daily routine and interests of the people in ancient times.
4.无论谁在比赛中失败都不应该泄气。(一句多译)
① shall not lose heart.(名词性从句)
② shall not lose heart.(定语从句)
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
All of the estimated three million shipwrecks lying under waters across 1 globe represent attempts over the centuries 2 (explore) Earth s furthest corners. Among these is the Esmeralda, the 3 (early) wreck from the age of the European exploration of Asia.
Many archaeological finds are made in shallow waters near the coast. Besides, amazing biological 4 (discovery) are also being made. For instance, the dark zones of the oceans may hold up to 90 per cent of the planet s fish. These finds all help us understand the capacity for life on our planet. Furthermore, the oceans are a 5 (value) source of natural resources, some of 6 are completely new to us. The research conducted by underwater vessels is helping scientists better know how the sea bed 7 (form).
8 (have) a tough environment of complete darkness, enormous pressure and intense cold, the ocean depths have long been 9 the reach of human exploration. However, through closer international scientific, economic and cultural 10 (cooperate), we are working together to open up our planet s final frontier and maybe we ll be familiar with the world beneath the waves one day.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2024陕西渭南期末)
The “Fair South Recalled—Shanghai Intangible Cultural Heritage Painting Exhibition” kicked off at the Sydney Opera House 1 Tuesday.
The exhibition, 2 aim is to promote cultural exchanges between China and Australia, was co-hosted by the China Cultural Center in Sydney and other agencies. It was held 3 (mark) the 10th anniversary(周年纪念日) of the establishment of the China-Australia Comprehensive Strategic Partnership. The 10-day exhibition showcased a selected 4 (collect) of Jinshan peasant(农民) paintings at the China Cultural Center in Sydney. The works often feature a wide range of striking colors 5 diverse elements from traditional arts.
6 (list) as Shanghai s intangible cultural heritage, the Jinshan peasant painting 7 (exhibit) in many nations and regions across the world over the past decades. This time, painter Li Yuan presented his work themed on Sydney s landmarks as a gift to David van Nunen, president of the Australian Watercolour Institute.
With “Reminiscing(回忆)about Jiangnan” as the theme, the exhibition expressed 8 expectation of further promoting the exchange and understanding of civilisations between the two nations. “It s obvious that the people of both 9 (nation) share a deep enthusiasm for life. I m delighted to participate in this extraordinary cultural exchange,” said David van Nunen.
In particular, the City Walk Shanghai series albums were displayed at the opening ceremony, 10 (show) Shanghai s innovation and convenience.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
(2023广东江门市第一中学阶段练习)
Sometimes shipwrecks contain sunken treasure, loads of gold or jewelry. Other shipwrecks themselves are the treasure—the stories of their ill-fated voyages creating legends that make them sparkle far more than any gold or precious stone.
The wreck of HMS Endurance, which has finally been located deep beneath the icy seas of Antarctica after being lost 107 years ago, is arguably the most valuable shipwreck ever sought. That s because its discovery adds another thrilling new chapter to an already fascinating tale of perseverance and survival that has echoed down the decades and still inspires people today.
Incredibly well preserved at a depth of almost two miles, the ship is little changed from the day in November 1915 when it finally sank beneath the ice. Endurance became buried in ice while crossing Antarctica s Weddell Sea. The video shot by underwater search vehicles shows painted timbers, an undamaged guardrail (护栏) and the name “ENDURANCE” written above the five-pointed symbol of a polar star.
“I tell you, you would have to be made of stone not to feel a bit soft at the sight of that star and the name above,” Mensun Bound, the mission s marine archaeologist, told the BBC. “You can see a porthole (舷窗) that is in Shackleton s cabin. At that moment, you really do feel the breath of the great man upon the back of your neck.” Shackleton s leadership was crucial to getting his men out alive. The reason why Shackleton is still applauded becomes obvious when you consider what he has achieved in the face of disasters and hardships during his 1914-1916 expedition. The practicality and humanity he showed in the face of severe situations were arguably praised.
1.What makes Endurance the most valuable shipwreck
A.The treasure aboard. B.Its inspiring stories.
C.Its undamaged guardrail. D.The symbol of a polar star.
2.What can we know about Endurance when it was discovered
A.It was badly ruined at a depth of almost two miles.
B.It was beyond recognition from the day when it finally sank.
C.It became fixed firmly and deeply beneath the icy seas.
D.Its name above the five-pointed symbol of a polar star was gone.
3.What can we infer from Mensun Bound s words
A.The floating ice is as hard as stone. B.The well-preserved shipwreck is amazing.
C.The heroic deeds of Shackleton are touching. D.The discovery of Endurance is challenging.
4.What is the text type of the passage
A.A book review. B.A news story. C.A biography. D.A travel journal.
Ⅳ.七选五
(2024河南名校联考)
Fungi(真菌) play an important role in ecosystems, are a source of food, and make a key contribution to the world of medicine. 1
An estimated two million fungal species—more than 90% of all fungi—have yet to be described by science, according to a science reporter. 2 Scientists are trying to find out more about this largely unexplored world, but it is challenging. Dr Martyn Ainsworth, a senior researcher from Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, in London, says, “We can grow a certain number in the lab. 3 This has held back a lot of research.”
4 “A lot of people are afraid of poisonous mushrooms,” says Dr Jassy Drakulic, a plant pathologist, “but only a very small proportion of the thousands of species of fungi in the world can cause disease.” Most are harmless and often beneficial, called by some “the hidden helpers of our environment”.
Furthermore, some fungi provide food and shelter for wildlife, help plants absorb water and nutrients and recycle waste and dead substances. Other types of fungi grow on the roots of trees and other plants, forming a huge underground network that helps nourish these plants. 5
So, next time you add mushrooms to your dinner, take a painkiller for a headache, or go for a walk through the woods, remember to thank the living things that made it all possible—fungi.
A.Are mushrooms a type of fungus
B.So, why do we know so little about them
C.But there is a whole host of fungi that we cannot grow in the lab.
D.Wetlands are important because they provide food and shelter for wildlife.
E.The fact that we know so little about fungi leads us to misunderstand them.
F.“Fungi are really the behind-the-scenes team doing all the work,” adds Dr Ainsworth.
G.In the UK, there are around 25,000 species of fungi—five or six times more than plants.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
V.读后续写
(2022辽宁部分名校月考)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Deep in the forest, my husband and I had fun climbing over and crawling under the downed trees that blocked the dirt path before us. It was May, yet we walked up a snow-covered hill. When we noticed our jeans were wet up to our knees, it did not dampen our spirits. Not once did we say, “Let s turn around.” This was our vacation, and we were on an adventure. Little did we know this was the beginning of many more surprises.
The trail was marked as an easy one-kilometer hike yet we were already walking a longer distance. Our light-heartedness stopped when we came out into a clearing and saw a parking lot without our rental car in it. As my eyes scanned the surroundings, nothing looked familiar. My heart raced. I realized we were lost in a national park that did not officially open for another week.
Usually, I am the calm one in the relationship, but my husband surprised me with his calmness this time. This did not comfort me; in fact, it heightened my fear. As we walked, I asked my husband to call for help, but there was no cell-phone signal in this isolated(偏僻的) area.
It was awfully quiet except for our footsteps hitting the road, and my heavy breathing. My husband suggested we conserve energy and walk slower. With each step on the road, my feet and thighs hurt while my mind raced with thoughts about people who had been lost in the Canadian woods for days.
My vision sharpened. I noticed everything around me: the trees, rocks and snow. I thought we could eat the snow on the ground in case we needed water. For the first time in my life, I was ready and willing to get a ride, but we did not meet a single car on the road. Silently, I prayed multiple times. We focused on each other, made joint decisions and connected each other through gratitude. We managed to stay on the main road and walked straight on.
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
My husband suddenly spotted a small building on a hill in the distance.
Just then,a friendly woman appeared,saying,“ Hello.”
答案与分层梯度式解析
Part 3 Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.substances 2.Furthermore 3.millimetres
4.upwards 5.drilling
Ⅱ.1.动词;缩水 句意:这种布料洗涤时很容易缩水。
2.动词;退缩,畏缩 句意:这个小男孩很害怕,躲着这个高大的男人。
3.动词;去除,摒除 句意:你应该摒除你脑子里这些荒唐的想法。
4.动词;解雇,开除 句意:这位女士的病还未痊愈,又被公司解雇了,她很难过。
Ⅲ.1.to 考查介词。句意:呼吸这种被污染的空气相当于一天抽十根烟。be equivalent to意为“等于……,相当于……”。故填to。
2.out 考查副词。句意:我很失望没见到布莱恩,他刚刚从旅馆退房走了。根据语境可知,此处使用的是固定搭配check out,在此处意为“结账离开(旅馆等)”。故填out。
3.notable 考查形容词。句意:这座城市采取了严格的管理政策和一些有效措施,在旅游业方面取得了显著成效。设空处修饰名词results,应用形容词;由语境可知设空处表示“显著的”,故填notable。
4.to fight/fighting 考查非谓语动词。句意:尽管浑身是伤,但是这位英勇的士兵(依然)继续战斗。continue to do/doing sth.表示“继续做某事”。
5.applying; applicant; application 考查非谓语动词和名词。句意:申请职位时,每位申请者都必须在面试前填写申请表。“When for a position”为句子的状语,其逻辑主语为句子主语“every ”,由第一空前的When可知,此处为状语从句的省略,补充完整后为“When every is applying for a position”,此处省略了“every is”,故第一空填applying。由第二空前的every及句意可知第二空应用名词单数作主语,表示“申请者”,故填applicant。由语境可知fill in和before之间要表示“申请表”,the application form意为“申请表”,故第三空填application。
6.has been investigated; investigator; investigation 考查时态、语态、主谓一致和名词。句意:这次事故已经调查了一周了,调查员说事故的起因还在调查中。第一空为and前的分句的谓语,由第一空后的时间状语for a week和and后分句的谓语动词says可知要用现在完成时;主语The accident是第三人称单数,与investigate之间是被动关系,故第一空填has been investigated。由第二空前的the和语境可知第二空应用名词,表示“调查员”,且由says可知应用单数,故第二空填investigator。由语境可知第三空使用的是固定搭配under investigation,表示“在调查中”,故第三空填investigation。
Ⅳ.1.Lying on the bed was my partner
2.Not every athlete can perform
3.offer a window into
4.①Whoever fails in the competition ②Anyone who fails in the competition
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.the 考查冠词。across the globe表示“世界各地”。故填the。
2.to explore 考查动词不定式。分析句子可知,设空处修饰名词attempts,应用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to explore。
3.earliest 考查形容词的最高级。根据“Among”所表达的语境和空前的the可知此处表示“最早的沉船”,因此用形容词的最高级。故填earliest。
4.discoveries 考查名词复数。根据空前形容词biological和空后的are可知此处应用名词复数。故填discoveries。
5.valuable 考查形容词。设空处修饰空后的名词source,应用形容词;结合语境可知,设空处表示“有价值的”,故填valuable。
6.which 考查定语从句。分析句子可知,“some of 6 are completely new to us”为“代词+介词+关系代词”结构引导的非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词natural resources,关系词在从句中作介词of的宾语,指物,故应用which引导从句。
7.formed/was formed 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。海底形成是过去的事,应用一般过去时。form在此处表示“(自然事物)形成”,既可作及物动词也可作不及物动词。form作不及物动词时没有被动语态,故可以填formed; form作及物动词时,此处主语the sea bed与form之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,且主语是单数,故也可以填was formed。
8.Having 考查现在分词。句中已有谓语动词have been,设空处应用非谓语动词作状语;句子主语the ocean depths与have之间为逻辑上的主动关系,因此用现在分词。故填Having。
9.beyond 考查介词。由语境可知,此处表示“超出”,应用介词beyond,beyond the reach of表示“超出……的控制范围”。故填beyond。
10.cooperation 考查名词。设空处作介词through的宾语,应用名词;由语境可知此处表示“合作”,故填cooperation。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“忆江南——上海非遗艺术展(悉尼站)”于周二在悉尼歌剧院开幕,此展览主要是为了纪念中澳全面战略伙伴关系建立10周年。
1.on 考查介词。句意:“忆江南——上海非物质文化遗产艺术展”周二在悉尼歌剧院开幕。表示在具体某一天应用介词on。故填on。
2.whose 考查定语从句。句意:该展览由悉尼中国文化中心和其他机构共同主办,旨在促进中澳文化交流。分析句子可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,该从句修饰先行词The exhibition,关系词在从句中作定语,故用whose引导从句。
3.to mark 考查动词不定式。句意:举办这次展览是为了纪念中澳建立全面战略伙伴关系10周年。分析句子可知,设空处表示目的,应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to mark。
4.collection 考查名词。设空处作动词showcased的宾语,由空前的a可知应用名词单数。故填collection。
5.and 考查连词。句意:这些作品通常以各种醒目色彩和来自传统艺术的各种元素为特色。根据语境可知,空前的“striking colors”和空后的“diverse elements”为并列关系,应用并列连词and连接。
6.Listed 考查过去分词。句意:金山农民画被列为上海市非物质文化遗产,过去几十年来在世界多个国家和地区展出。分析句子可知,设空处应用非谓语动词作状语;句子主语the Jinshan peasant painting与list之间是被动关系,此处应用过去分词。故填Listed。
7.has been exhibited 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意同上题。分析句子可知,设空处作谓语,根据句中的时间状语over the past decades及语境可知,应用现在完成时;主语the Jinshan peasant painting与exhibit之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;主语是第三人称单数形式,故填has been exhibited。
8.the 考查冠词。句意:此次展览以“忆江南”为主题,表达了对进一步促进两国文明的交流与理解的期待。此处特指“促进两国文明的交流与理解的期待”,此处应用定冠词。故填the。
9.nations 考查名词复数。设空处作介词of的宾语,应用名词;根据空前的both可知,设空处应用名词复数。故填nations。
10.showing 考查现在分词。分析句子可知,设空处应用非谓语动词作状语;句子主语the City Walk Shanghai series albums与show之间是主动关系,此处应用现在分词。故填showing。
【高频词汇】 1.intangible adj.无形的 2.kick off开始
3.strategic adj.战略性的 4.feature v.以……为特色
5.striking adj.非常漂亮的;引人注目的
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了皇家海军舰艇Endurance的残骸是有史以来最有价值的沉船。
1.B 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“That s because its discovery adds another thrilling new chapter to an already fascinating tale of perseverance and survival that has echoed down the decades and still inspires people today.”可知,Endurance沉船被认为是最有价值的沉船在于其讲述的激励人的故事。故选B。
2.C 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“The wreck of HMS Endurance, which has finally been located deep beneath the icy seas of Antarctica...most valuable shipwreck ever sought.”可知,Endurance的残骸在南极洲冰冷的海水深处被发现,C项“它被牢牢地固定在冰冷的海水深处。”符合文意。故选C。
3.C 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“you would have to be...the name above”“you really do feel the breath of the great man upon the back of your neck”和“The reason why Shackleton is still...arguably praised.”可推测,沙克尔顿的英雄事迹令人感动。故选C。
4.B 推理判断题。文章第二段第一句引出了文章话题,即Endurance的残骸是发掘过的最有价值的沉船;接着作者在下文讲述了沉船的发掘情况及船长沙克尔顿的英勇精神。由此可推测,本文是一篇新闻报道。故选B。
【高频词汇】 1.contain v.包含,容纳 2.valuable adj.宝贵的,很重要的;贵重的 3.fascinating adj.迷人的,有吸引力的 4.incredibly adv.难以置信地;非常 5.vehicle n.工具,手段 6.obvious adj.明显的
【差距词汇】 1.sunken adj.沉没的,沉入水底的;凹陷的 2.ill-fated adj.结局悲惨的;时运不济的 3.sparkle v.闪耀 4.echo v.流传 5.practicality n.务实;实用性
长难句
原句 The reason why Shackleton is still applauded becomes obvious when you consider what he has achieved in the face of disasters and hardships during his 1914-1916 expedition.
分析 本句为主从复合句。why引导定语从句,修饰先行词The reason;when引导时间状语从句,其中的what引导宾语从句。
译文 当你考虑到沙克尔顿在1914年至1916年的探险中面对灾难和困难所取得的成就时,他仍然被称赞的原因就变得显而易见。
Ⅳ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了真菌的作用。
1.B 过渡句。上文“Fungi play an important role in ecosystems, are a source of food, and make a key contribution to the world of medicine.”提到真菌有重要作用,下文“An estimated two million fungal species—more than 90% of all fungi—have yet to be described by science”说90%以上的真菌尚未被科学描述;结合选项可知B项“So, why do we know so little about them ”承上启下,B项中的“them”指代上文中的“Fungi”。故选B。
2.G 细节句。根据上文“An estimated two million fungal species—more than 90% of all fungi—have yet to be described by science”可知,估计有两百万种真菌尚未被科学描述;G项“In the UK, there are around 25,000 species of fungi—five or six times more than plants.”承接上文,进一步描述真菌的庞大数量。故选G。
3.C 过渡句。上文“We can grow a certain number in the lab.”提到可以在实验室里培育一定数量的真菌,下文“This has held back a lot of research.”说这阻碍了很多研究的进展;结合选项可知C项“But there is a whole host of fungi that we cannot grow in the lab.”与上文构成转折关系,与下文构成因果关系,承上启下。故选C。
4.E 主旨句。设空处位于段首,推断是本段主旨句。根据下文“A lot of people are afraid of poisonous mushrooms”和“but only a very small proportion of the thousands of species of fungi in the world can cause disease”可知,真菌被人们误解,E项“The fact that we know so little about fungi leads us to misunderstand them.”能概括本段主旨,符合语境。故选E。
5.F 细节句。根据上文“Other types of fungi grow on the roots of trees and other plants, forming a huge underground network that helps nourish these plants.”可知,真菌生长在树木和其他植物的根部,形成一个巨大的地下网络,帮助滋养这些植物;F项“‘Fungi are really the behind-the-scenes team doing all the work,’ adds Dr Ainsworth.”总结上文真菌的作用,F项中的“behind-the-scenes”呼应上文中的“a huge underground network”。故选F。
【高频词汇】 1.estimated adj.估计的;预计的 2.find out查明;弄清 3.challenging adj.挑战性的 4.hold back阻挡;妨碍进展 5.misunderstand v.误解;误会
【熟词生义】 host n.许多;大量 a host of许多;大量
【差距词汇】 proportion n.比例;份额
Ⅴ.
写作指导
情节线 情感线
时间 one day in May 愉快 紧张、恐惧 (在森林里迷路) 镇定 希望得 到救助 兴奋 他们的心理有什么变化,最后 有什么感悟
地点 in a national park
人物 my husband and I, a friendly woman
事件 We were lost in a national park.
开端 在森林深处,“我”和“我”的丈夫愉快地爬过那些倒下的树,它们挡住了“我们”前面的土路。
发展 “我”和“我”的丈夫正深入森林探险,这时,“我们”注意到“我们”找不到租的车了,意识到“我们”在森林里迷路了,因此变得非常紧张。
高潮 “我们”只能保持镇定,继续在主干道上行走,希望遇到过路的车辆或行人以便求助。
Para. 1 My husband suddenly spotted a small building on a hill in the distance. ①丈夫发现小房子后“我们”的反应如何 ②“我们”在小房子处有什么遭遇 (衔接第二段)
Para. 2 Just then, a friendly woman appeared, saying, “Hello.” ①“我们”见到这位女士的反应怎样 ②这位女士做了什么 ③“我们”最终如何获救 ④“我们”如何看待这次经历
One possible version:
My husband suddenly spotted a small building on a hill in the distance. In no time we found ourselves heading for it. We were filled with hope and excitement to find such a building in the middle of nowhere. We climbed up the hill at a swinging pace as if all the pains had been gone. As we approached, a sign came into sight, which read: Administration Office. However, it was not open for business. The empty hall made us nervous all at once. We stood there hopelessly, wondering what to do next.
Just then, a friendly woman appeared, saying, “Hello.” I could barely hold back my excitement and blurted, “We re lost!” She comforted us and opened a room for us to take a break. Seeing we were cold and hungry, she treated us with hot chocolate. After studying the map, we figured out that our car was parked over three kilometers away. She offered to give us a ride back to our car and we accepted gladly. I felt relieved to see our rental car again. What a blessing to have such an unforgettable experience!
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