2025外研版高中英语选择性必修第四册强化练习题--Unit 2 Part 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas（含答案与解析）
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2025外研版高中英语选择性必修第四册
Unit 2 Lessons in life
Part 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.(2022全国乙)They simply insist on mutual(相互的) (承认,认可) and regard.
2.(2024浙江四校联考改编)It may sound (不正常的), but instead of rushing to take action, we need to slow down.
3.(2024山西运城阶段训练)Unsurprisingly, the post went viral, and Jack and Violet s story brought a w attention.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1. (normal), giant pandas have a lifespan of 18 to 20 years in the wild, and up to more than 30 years in the breeding base.
2.When you get out of a taxi, make sure that none of your (possess) are left behind.
3.Children are easily disturbed by things, and even a little noise can be a for them.(distract)
4.Nowadays, the term “Dazi (搭子)” (view) as a new kind of social connection with the aim of pursuing shared interests.
5.The detective found the criminal by chance, but he behaved as if nothing (happen).
6.(2022北京) In the latest UN report on global food security, the number of undernourished(营养不良) people in the world has been rising, great advances in nutrition science.
Ⅲ.选词填空
be reunited with; a pleasant surprise; point of view; get distracted by; lose touch with; live life to the full
The man was taken abroad in his boyhood and unfortunately 1. his family later. Although he worked hard and 2. , he 3. homesickness. With numerous efforts, ultimately he got in touch with his family again and made up his mind to go back home. From my 4. , it was 5. that he 6. his family soon.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.她几乎不会对生活感到悲观,因为她坚信真正重要的是如何克服困难。
Hardly she life, because she is convinced that what really matters is . (读后续写—主旨升华)
2.如果一名学生在某一科目薄弱的话,他的整体学业成绩将会被这一劣势削弱。(weak)
If one student some subject, his overall academic achievement will this .
3.We all recognize that environmental pollution is one of the most serious problems that people are facing now. (句型转换)
→ environmental pollution is one of the most serious problems that people are facing now.
→Environmental pollution one of the most serious problems that people are facing now.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
Although Mitch is 1 promising sports journalist, he still feels there is something missing from his life. However, this all changes when he 2 (reunite) with his favourite professor, Morrie. The moment he learns that Morrie is being weakened by a severe illness, Mitch starts visiting him at his house every Tuesday. The 3 (week) conversations between them turn out to be a series of lessons on the meaning of life and how best to live it.
The following are four readers reviews of the book Tuesdays with Morrie.
Arthur K:Indeed, it s a pleasant surprise 4 (find) that this book is full of joy and hope. I am inspired by Morrie s bravery towards the end of his life, which has made me value my own life more. 5 Morrie says, “Once you learn how to die, you learn how to live.”
Amy Wang: While 6 (live), we tend to get distracted by unimportant things, such as gathering material 7 (possession). What we should do is find out 8 is important in our lives and establish our own values. Reading this book made me feel as if I d been woken up from a long sleep and finally opened my eyes to the world!
Marty:Receiving widespread 9 (recognize), this book did teach me a lesson or two.
Vivian: One of the lessons of the book is to keep in touch 10 the good people we meet as we go through life.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅱ.语法填空
After college I wanted to make a difference in the world, so I became a volunteer teacher and 1 (send) to Namibia. Honestly, my first choice wasn t Africa, but I was extremely grateful that I had the chance. So with a group of 2 (equal) eager young graduates, I went on my journey.
Schools were quite bare, and the students 3 (have) tiring days, often walking miles barefoot to get to school. With mountains 4 work at home, few 5 (possession) and little opportunity, these children were joyful,which I admired.
This 6 (be) the first time that I had lived abroad in a different culture, simply getting used to the living conditions required 7 big adjustment. I had no electricity, running water, phone or Internet. Imagine no air conditioning at a place 8 the temperature often went beyond 38 degrees Celsius! On some days it was just too hot for me to move.
However, I could end each day with a 9 (glory) African sunset. And at night, I had a good view of the Milky Way. Before my time in Namibia, I never thought I would survive in such an environment. My experience awakened me to not only the limitations 10 (place) on ourselves, but also our amazing ability to adapt. Stepping out of your comfort zone in another culture will certainly make your life worthwhile.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
(2024辽宁重点高中协作体期中)
Thomas was a well-known wise man. One day, he wandered in a beautiful small town. Because of his widespread fame, people from nearby towns who heard of his arrival all rushed to visit him and seek his advice.
Many who came sought help with difficulties in daily life, and Thomas, unable to bear turning them away, patiently offered suggestions. Word spread quickly, and more and more people came to see Thomas for guidance.
One day, dozens of people crammed outside Thomas s door, all clamoring (大声地要求) for their problems being the most serious and urgent, each insisting that Thomas address their concerns first, with no one willing to yield (让步).
After a moment of thought, Thomas took out some paper and a pen and said, “I can t hear clearly with everyone talking at once. How about writing down your problems on a piece of paper and placing it in this basket beside me ”
Once everyone had placed their notes in the basket, Thomas shook the basket and said, “Please each take a piece of paper from the basket and read what it says.”
As everyone read a note from someone else, they all recognized that indeed, each person has their own troubles, and every household has its own challenges. Then Thomas spoke up, “Now, whose problem is the most urgent to solve ” Hearing that question, no one spoke again, because now no one dared to claim that their problem was the most severe.
Often, we are bound by our immediate feelings. When difficulties and problems strike, it feels as though we are caught in a vortex of pain. But if we shift our focus from ourselves towards others, we might discover that the problems we face are not so significant. Perhaps others are the ones who need help more urgently, or maybe there is something within our power that we can do for them.
1.Why did people visit Thomas
A.For advice. B.For a meeting. C.For a competition. D.For introductions.
2.How did Thomas handle the crowd
A.He ignored them. B.He listened to each one individually.
C.He prioritized the problems himself. D.He asked them to write down their problems.
3.What did reading others problems show to the people
A.The complexity of their difficulties. B.The similarity of their situations.
C.Their need for more advice. D.Their living conditions.
4.What lesson did Thomas teach
A.Competition. B.Sympathy. C.Prioritization. D.Self-confidence.
B
(2024黑龙江哈尔滨三中期中)
When we think about lives crammed with meaning, we often focus on people whose grand contributions benefited humanity. Abraham Lincoln, Martin Luther King and Nelson Mandela surely felt they lived life to the full and had a worthwhile life. But how about us ordinary people, struggling in a typical existence
There is an important element to consider. Think about the first butterfly you stop to admire after a long winter or imagine the scenery at the top of a hill after a fresh hike. Sometimes existence delivers small moments of beauty to us. When people are open to appreciating such experiences, these moments may enhance how they view their life. This element is defined as EA (experiential appreciation) by Joshua Hicks, a psychological professor at Texas A & M University.
Recently, he and his research team set out to figure out whether EA was related to a person s sense of meaning in a series of studies that involved more than 3,000 participants. In an initial test, researchers had participants rate their agreement of different coping strategies to relieve their stress. They found people who managed stress by focusing on their appreciation of life s beauty also reported experiencing life as highly meaningful.
Researchers then conducted a series of experiments, in which they gave participants specific tasks and, once more, asked them to report how strongly they identified with statements linked to purposes, etc. In one case, participants who watched an awe-inspiring video reported having a greater sense of EA and meaning in life, compared with those who watched more neutral videos. After reflecting on the results collected from the participants, researchers confirmed their original theory.
But applying that insight can be difficult. Our modern, fast-paced, project-oriented lifestyles fill the day with targets. We are on the go, and we attempt to maximize output both at work and at leisure.
This focus on future outcomes makes it all too easy to miss what is happening right now. Yet life happens in the present moment. We should slow down, let life give us a pleasant surprise and embrace the significance in everyday life.
5.Why are the butterfly and the scenery on a hill mentioned in paragraph 2
A.To introduce a concept. B.To attract readers interest.
C.To demonstrate the beauty of nature. D.To show the necessity of protecting nature.
6.How did the researchers conduct the study
A.By studying previous research data.
B.By shooting videos starring the participants.
C.By designing different strategies to reduce stress.
D.By analyzing the response from the participants.
7.Who tends to find life more meaningful according to the text
A.A person who always gets her life well-organized.
B.A person who often hears motivating speeches.
C.A person who leads a fast-paced life.
D.A person who always expects future results.
8.What philosophy of life does the author show in the last paragraph
A.No pain, no gain. B.Those who believe in their ability can do anything.
C.Live your life one day at a time. D.Being at sea, sail; being on land, settle.
答案与分层梯度式解析
Unit 2 Lessons in life
Part 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.recognition 2.abnormal 3.widespread
Ⅱ.1.Normally 考查副词。句意:通常,野外大熊猫的寿命是18岁到20岁,在繁育基地的可活到三十多岁。设空处修饰整个句子,应用副词作状语,由语境可知设空处表示“通常”,故填Normally。
2.possessions 考查名词。句意:下出租车时,你要确保你的东西一件都没有落下。根据空前的介词of和形容词性物主代词your可知设空处应用名词。根据句意可知设空处的意思为“所有物”,应用名词possession。possession意为“所有物”时是可数名词,根据空后的are可知应用复数形式。故填possessions。
3.distracting; distraction 考查形容词和名词。句意:孩子们很容易被令人分心的事干扰,甚至一点噪声都可能是分散他们注意力的事。结合第一空后面的things和句意可知第一空应用形容词作定语,表示“令人分心的”,故填distracting。由第二空前的冠词a可知第二空应用名词作系动词be的表语,结合句意可知,第二空表示“分散注意力的事”,应用distract的名词形式,空前有a,故填distraction。
易错归因
第一空易混淆-ed形容词和-ing形容词。以-ed结尾的分词形容词常表示“感到……的”,可以修饰人及人的音容笑貌等。以-ing结尾的分词形容词常表示“令人感到……的”,多用来修饰物。如:
distracted分心的 distracting使人分心的
embarrassed尴尬的 embarrassing令人尴尬的
4.is viewed 考查时态、语态及主谓一致。句意:如今,“搭子”这个词被视为一种新型的以追求共同爱好为目的的社交关系。根据时间状语Nowadays及语境可知,应用一般现在时表示一般情况;be viewed as...为固定搭配,意为“被视为……”,则the term “Dazi”与view之间为被动关系,应用被动语态;主语为第三人称单数形式,谓语也应用第三人称单数形式。故填is viewed。
5.had happened 考查虚拟语气。句意:那位侦探偶然发现了犯罪嫌疑人,但他表现得好像什么事都没发生一样。由句意可知,as if引导的方式状语从句要用虚拟语气,表示不是真实的情况;由behaved及语境可知此处表示对过去事情的虚拟,从句要用过去完成时。故填had happened。
6.despite 考查介词。句意:尽管营养科学取得了巨大的进步,但在联合国关于全球食品安全的最新报告中,世界上营养不良人口的数量仍一直在上升。由句意和句子结构可知,空前后为转折或让步关系,设空处与空后的名词短语连起来作状语,设空处无提示词,空后为名词短语,推断设空处用介词,表示“尽管”,故填despite。
Ⅲ.1.lost touch with 2.lived life to the full 3.got distracted by 4.point of view 5.a pleasant surprise
6.would be reunited with
Ⅳ.1.is; pessimistic about; how to overcome the difficulties
2.is weak in; be weakened by; weakness 3.It is recognized that; is recognized as
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.a 考查冠词。journalist为可数名词,根据空后的“promising sports journalist”及句子结构可知此处应填冠词。由语境可知,此处表示“一位……的记者”,表泛指,应用不定冠词,且promising以辅音音素开头,故填a。
2.is reunited 考查时态、语态及主谓一致。句中when引导时间状语从句,设空处作从句的谓语。由主句中的changes及语境可知从句也应用一般现在时;be reunited with为固定搭配,意为“与……重聚”,由此可知从句主语he与reunite之间为被动关系,用的是其被动语态,且主语为第三人称单数形式,故填is reunited。
3.weekly 考查形容词。根据空后的名词conversations可知设空处应用形容词作定语修饰名词;此处表示“每周的”,故填weekly。
4.to find 考查动词不定式。分析句子结构可知,此句使用了“it is+n.+to do sth.”结构,其中it为形式主语,不定式短语作真正的主语,设空处应用动词不定式,故填to find。
5.As 考查关系代词。分析句子结构可知,设空处作非限制性定语从句的引导词,表示“正如”,故填As。
6.living 考查现在分词。分析句子结构可知,“While 6 ”为状语从句的省略形式,还原后为“While we are living”,此处省略了主语we和be动词,故填living。
7.possessions 考查名词的数。根据空前的形容词material可知设空处应用名词,作gathering的宾语。possession表示“财产,财物”时为可数名词且常用复数形式,且空前没有冠词等限定词,故填possessions。
8.what 考查连接代词。句意:弄清楚在我们的生活中什么是重要的并且建立我们自己的价值观是我们应该做的事。分析句子结构可知,“ 8 is important in our lives”是设空处引导的宾语从句,作find out的宾语,且从句缺少主语,结合句意可知设空处表示“什么”,应用连接代词what。
9.recognition 考查名词。根据空前的形容词widespread可知,设空处应用名词作Receiving的宾语,表示“认可”,故填名词recognition。
10.with 考查介词。keep in touch with与……保持联系。故填with。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者大学毕业后到非洲当志愿老师的经历以及作者的感悟。
1.was sent 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。and连接并列的谓语动词,根据became可知该句为一般过去时态,句子主语I(单数)与send之间为被动关系。故填was sent。
2.equally 考查副词。设空处在句中修饰形容词eager,应用副词equally,表示“同样地”。故填equally。
3.had 考查时态。分析句子可知,该句为and连接的并列复合句,由第一个分句中的were可知,这里用一般过去时描述过去的状态。故填had。
4.of 考查介词。mountains of表示“很多的”。故填of。
5.possessions 考查名词复数。few修饰可数名词复数形式,且possession意为“个人财产”时常用复数形式,故填possessions。
6.being 考查现在分词。主句中已有谓语动词required,所以逗号前面部分在句中作状语,分析可知逗号前是独立主格结构,be与其逻辑主语This之间为主动关系,因此使用现在分词形式。故填being。
7.a 考查冠词。这里指“仅仅适应生活条件就需要一个很大的调整”,表示泛指,且big的发音以辅音音素开头,所以用不定冠词a。
8.where 考查关系副词。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导定语从句,place为先行词,关系词在从句中作地点状语,因此填where。
9.glorious 考查形容词。根据空前的冠词a及空后的African sunset可知,该空应用形容词作定语。glory 的形容词形式为glorious,意为“壮丽的”。
10.placed 考查过去分词。句中已有谓语awakened,所以设空处应填非谓语动词,limitations与place之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填placed。
【高频词汇】 1.bare adj.空的 2.adjustment n.适应 3.awaken v.唤起;被唤起;(使)醒来 4.comfort zone n.舒适区 5.worthwhile adj.值得的;重要的;令人愉快的;有趣的
Ⅲ.A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了智者托马斯通过智慧帮助人们认识到每个人都有自己的烦恼,并鼓励他们同情和理解他人。
1.A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“people from nearby towns...all rushed to visit him and seek his advice”和第二段中的“Many who came sought help with difficulties in daily life”“patiently offered suggestions”“more and more people came to see Thomas for guidance”可知,人们拜访托马斯是为了寻求建议。故选A。
2.D 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“How about writing down your problems on a piece of paper and placing it in this basket beside me (大家把你们的问题写在一张纸上,然后把它放在我身边的这个篮子里怎么样 )”可知,托马斯通过让他们写下他们的问题来应付他们。故选D。
3.B 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句“As everyone read a note from someone else, they all recognized that indeed, each person has their own troubles, and every household has its own challenges.”可知,阅读别人的问题让他们意识到每个人都有自己的烦恼,每个家庭都有自己的挑战,也就是他们的处境相似。故选B。
4.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Perhaps others are the ones who need help more urgently, or maybe there is something within our power that we can do for them.(也许其他人更迫切需要帮助,或者也许我们可以为他们做一些力所能及的事情。)”并结合前文讲的故事可知,托马斯通过让大家写下自己的问题并阅读别人的问题让大家知道,要对其他人抱有同情心。故选B。
【高频词汇】 1.wander v.漫步,闲逛 2.bear v.忍受;生育;结(果实) 3.turn away把……拒之门外 4.spread v.传播 5.urgent adj.紧急的 urgently adv.紧急地
6.insist v.坚决要求;坚持认为 7.concern n.担心/忧虑(的事);关爱 v.与……有关,涉及;让……担忧
【熟词生义】 1.address v.设法解决 2.place v.放置
【差距词汇】 1.be bound by 受……约束 2.vortex n.(感情或局势的)漩涡 3.prioritize v.按重要性排列;优先处理 prioritization n.优先次序;优化
B
◎语篇解读 本文为一篇说明文。研究表明,能欣赏生活中的美的人更能发现生活的意义,而我们现代快节奏、以项目为导向的生活方式让我们忽略了当下正在发生的事情,因此,作者建议我们应活在当下。
5.A 推理判断题。根据第二段“蝴蝶和风景”的例子以及之后的“When people are open to appreciating such experiences, these moments may enhance how they view their life. This element is defined as EA”可知,文章第二段通过蝴蝶和美景的例子来引入一个概念——体验性欣赏。故选A。
类比启发
有些文章中会出现例子、数据、名言等,这些内容多是支撑论据,目的是阐述某个主题或引出下文。例如,文章开头运用某种写作手法一般是为了引出文章主题(to introduce/bring in the topic),段落中举例子或引用名言是为了说明主题内容(to support/show...)。
6.D 推理判断题。根据文章第三段第二句“在最初的一项测试中,研究人员让参与者评估他们对缓解压力的不同应对策略的认同程度”以及第四段第一句“研究人员随后进行了一系列实验,在实验中,他们给参与者特定的任务,并再次要求他们报告他们对与目的等相关的陈述的认同程度”和最后一句“在认真思考了从参与者那里收集到的结果后,研究人员证实了他们最初的理论”可综合推断,研究者通过分析参与者的不同反应来进行研究。故选D。
类比启发
研究发现类的文章一般为总分总结构,文章要点包括:研究背景、研究目的、研究对象、研究过程和方法、研究结果和研究结论。学生可通过跳读来定位这些要点。
7.B 推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“In one case, participants who watched an awe-inspiring video reported having a greater sense of EA and meaning in life, compared with those who watched more neutral videos.(在一个案例中,观看了令人敬畏的视频的参与者报告说,与观看更多素净的视频的参与者相比,他们对体验性欣赏和生活意义的感觉更强)”可推知,经常听鼓舞人心的演讲的人更能找到生活的意义。故选B。
8.C 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知,对未来结果的关注使得我们很容易忽略当下正在发生的事情;然而,生活就发生在当下,我们应该慢下来,让生活给我们惊喜,体会日常生活中的意义。由此可知,作者在最后一段告诉我们,应该生活在当下。A.一分耕耘,一分收获;B.那些相信自己能力的人无所不能;C.活在当下;D.随遇而安。故选C。
【高频词汇】 1.contribution n.贡献;捐款 2.existence n.生活(方式);存在 3.admire v.欣赏;钦佩,赞赏
4.deliver v.传送,递送 5.enhance v.增强 6.involve v.涉及;参加;牵涉 7.specific adj.具体的,特定的
8.confirm v.证实,确认
【熟词生义】 star v.由……主演
【差距词汇】 1.awe-inspiring adj.令人惊叹的,令人敬畏的 2.oriented adj.以……为导向的
长难句
原句 Researchers then conducted a series of experiments, in which they gave participants specific tasks and, once more, asked them to report how strongly they identified with statements linked to purposes, etc.
分析 本句为主从复合句。“in which...etc.”为in which引导的定语从句,修饰experiments。在该定语从句中,and连接并列谓语gave和asked;how引导宾语从句;“linked to...”为过去分词短语作定语。
译文 研究人员随后进行了一系列实验,在实验中,他们给参与者特定的任务,并再次要求他们报告他们对与目的等相关的陈述的认同程度。
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2025外研版高中英语选择性必修第四册
Unit 2 Lessons in life
Part 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.(2022全国乙)They simply insist on mutual(相互的) (承认,认可) and regard.
2.(2024浙江四校联考改编)It may sound (不正常的), but instead of rushing to take action, we need to slow down.
3.(2024山西运城阶段训练)Unsurprisingly, the post went viral, and Jack and Violet s story brought a w attention.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1. (normal), giant pandas have a lifespan of 18 to 20 years in the wild, and up to more than 30 years in the breeding base.
2.When you get out of a taxi, make sure that none of your (possess) are left behind.
3.Children are easily disturbed by things, and even a little noise can be a for them.(distract)
4.Nowadays, the term “Dazi (搭子)” (view) as a new kind of social connection with the aim of pursuing shared interests.
5.The detective found the criminal by chance, but he behaved as if nothing (happen).
6.(2022北京) In the latest UN report on global food security, the number of undernourished(营养不良) people in the world has been rising, great advances in nutrition science.
Ⅲ.选词填空
be reunited with; a pleasant surprise; point of view; get distracted by; lose touch with; live life to the full
The man was taken abroad in his boyhood and unfortunately 1. his family later. Although he worked hard and 2. , he 3. homesickness. With numerous efforts, ultimately he got in touch with his family again and made up his mind to go back home. From my 4. , it was 5. that he 6. his family soon.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.她几乎不会对生活感到悲观,因为她坚信真正重要的是如何克服困难。
Hardly she life, because she is convinced that what really matters is . (读后续写—主旨升华)
2.如果一名学生在某一科目薄弱的话,他的整体学业成绩将会被这一劣势削弱。(weak)
If one student some subject, his overall academic achievement will this .
3.We all recognize that environmental pollution is one of the most serious problems that people are facing now. (句型转换)
→ environmental pollution is one of the most serious problems that people are facing now.
→Environmental pollution one of the most serious problems that people are facing now.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
Although Mitch is 1 promising sports journalist, he still feels there is something missing from his life. However, this all changes when he 2 (reunite) with his favourite professor, Morrie. The moment he learns that Morrie is being weakened by a severe illness, Mitch starts visiting him at his house every Tuesday. The 3 (week) conversations between them turn out to be a series of lessons on the meaning of life and how best to live it.
The following are four readers reviews of the book Tuesdays with Morrie.
Arthur K:Indeed, it s a pleasant surprise 4 (find) that this book is full of joy and hope. I am inspired by Morrie s bravery towards the end of his life, which has made me value my own life more. 5 Morrie says, “Once you learn how to die, you learn how to live.”
Amy Wang: While 6 (live), we tend to get distracted by unimportant things, such as gathering material 7 (possession). What we should do is find out 8 is important in our lives and establish our own values. Reading this book made me feel as if I d been woken up from a long sleep and finally opened my eyes to the world!
Marty:Receiving widespread 9 (recognize), this book did teach me a lesson or two.
Vivian: One of the lessons of the book is to keep in touch 10 the good people we meet as we go through life.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅱ.语法填空
After college I wanted to make a difference in the world, so I became a volunteer teacher and 1 (send) to Namibia. Honestly, my first choice wasn t Africa, but I was extremely grateful that I had the chance. So with a group of 2 (equal) eager young graduates, I went on my journey.
Schools were quite bare, and the students 3 (have) tiring days, often walking miles barefoot to get to school. With mountains 4 work at home, few 5 (possession) and little opportunity, these children were joyful,which I admired.
This 6 (be) the first time that I had lived abroad in a different culture, simply getting used to the living conditions required 7 big adjustment. I had no electricity, running water, phone or Internet. Imagine no air conditioning at a place 8 the temperature often went beyond 38 degrees Celsius! On some days it was just too hot for me to move.
However, I could end each day with a 9 (glory) African sunset. And at night, I had a good view of the Milky Way. Before my time in Namibia, I never thought I would survive in such an environment. My experience awakened me to not only the limitations 10 (place) on ourselves, but also our amazing ability to adapt. Stepping out of your comfort zone in another culture will certainly make your life worthwhile.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
(2024辽宁重点高中协作体期中)
Thomas was a well-known wise man. One day, he wandered in a beautiful small town. Because of his widespread fame, people from nearby towns who heard of his arrival all rushed to visit him and seek his advice.
Many who came sought help with difficulties in daily life, and Thomas, unable to bear turning them away, patiently offered suggestions. Word spread quickly, and more and more people came to see Thomas for guidance.
One day, dozens of people crammed outside Thomas s door, all clamoring (大声地要求) for their problems being the most serious and urgent, each insisting that Thomas address their concerns first, with no one willing to yield (让步).
After a moment of thought, Thomas took out some paper and a pen and said, “I can t hear clearly with everyone talking at once. How about writing down your problems on a piece of paper and placing it in this basket beside me ”
Once everyone had placed their notes in the basket, Thomas shook the basket and said, “Please each take a piece of paper from the basket and read what it says.”
As everyone read a note from someone else, they all recognized that indeed, each person has their own troubles, and every household has its own challenges. Then Thomas spoke up, “Now, whose problem is the most urgent to solve ” Hearing that question, no one spoke again, because now no one dared to claim that their problem was the most severe.
Often, we are bound by our immediate feelings. When difficulties and problems strike, it feels as though we are caught in a vortex of pain. But if we shift our focus from ourselves towards others, we might discover that the problems we face are not so significant. Perhaps others are the ones who need help more urgently, or maybe there is something within our power that we can do for them.
1.Why did people visit Thomas
A.For advice. B.For a meeting. C.For a competition. D.For introductions.
2.How did Thomas handle the crowd
A.He ignored them. B.He listened to each one individually.
C.He prioritized the problems himself. D.He asked them to write down their problems.
3.What did reading others problems show to the people
A.The complexity of their difficulties. B.The similarity of their situations.
C.Their need for more advice. D.Their living conditions.
4.What lesson did Thomas teach
A.Competition. B.Sympathy. C.Prioritization. D.Self-confidence.
B
(2024黑龙江哈尔滨三中期中)
When we think about lives crammed with meaning, we often focus on people whose grand contributions benefited humanity. Abraham Lincoln, Martin Luther King and Nelson Mandela surely felt they lived life to the full and had a worthwhile life. But how about us ordinary people, struggling in a typical existence
There is an important element to consider. Think about the first butterfly you stop to admire after a long winter or imagine the scenery at the top of a hill after a fresh hike. Sometimes existence delivers small moments of beauty to us. When people are open to appreciating such experiences, these moments may enhance how they view their life. This element is defined as EA (experiential appreciation) by Joshua Hicks, a psychological professor at Texas A & M University.
Recently, he and his research team set out to figure out whether EA was related to a person s sense of meaning in a series of studies that involved more than 3,000 participants. In an initial test, researchers had participants rate their agreement of different coping strategies to relieve their stress. They found people who managed stress by focusing on their appreciation of life s beauty also reported experiencing life as highly meaningful.
Researchers then conducted a series of experiments, in which they gave participants specific tasks and, once more, asked them to report how strongly they identified with statements linked to purposes, etc. In one case, participants who watched an awe-inspiring video reported having a greater sense of EA and meaning in life, compared with those who watched more neutral videos. After reflecting on the results collected from the participants, researchers confirmed their original theory.
But applying that insight can be difficult. Our modern, fast-paced, project-oriented lifestyles fill the day with targets. We are on the go, and we attempt to maximize output both at work and at leisure.
This focus on future outcomes makes it all too easy to miss what is happening right now. Yet life happens in the present moment. We should slow down, let life give us a pleasant surprise and embrace the significance in everyday life.
5.Why are the butterfly and the scenery on a hill mentioned in paragraph 2
A.To introduce a concept. B.To attract readers interest.
C.To demonstrate the beauty of nature. D.To show the necessity of protecting nature.
6.How did the researchers conduct the study
A.By studying previous research data.
B.By shooting videos starring the participants.
C.By designing different strategies to reduce stress.
D.By analyzing the response from the participants.
7.Who tends to find life more meaningful according to the text
A.A person who always gets her life well-organized.
B.A person who often hears motivating speeches.
C.A person who leads a fast-paced life.
D.A person who always expects future results.
8.What philosophy of life does the author show in the last paragraph
A.No pain, no gain. B.Those who believe in their ability can do anything.
C.Live your life one day at a time. D.Being at sea, sail; being on land, settle.
答案与分层梯度式解析
Unit 2 Lessons in life
Part 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.recognition 2.abnormal 3.widespread
Ⅱ.1.Normally 考查副词。句意:通常,野外大熊猫的寿命是18岁到20岁,在繁育基地的可活到三十多岁。设空处修饰整个句子,应用副词作状语,由语境可知设空处表示“通常”,故填Normally。
2.possessions 考查名词。句意:下出租车时,你要确保你的东西一件都没有落下。根据空前的介词of和形容词性物主代词your可知设空处应用名词。根据句意可知设空处的意思为“所有物”,应用名词possession。possession意为“所有物”时是可数名词,根据空后的are可知应用复数形式。故填possessions。
3.distracting; distraction 考查形容词和名词。句意:孩子们很容易被令人分心的事干扰,甚至一点噪声都可能是分散他们注意力的事。结合第一空后面的things和句意可知第一空应用形容词作定语,表示“令人分心的”,故填distracting。由第二空前的冠词a可知第二空应用名词作系动词be的表语,结合句意可知,第二空表示“分散注意力的事”,应用distract的名词形式,空前有a,故填distraction。
易错归因
第一空易混淆-ed形容词和-ing形容词。以-ed结尾的分词形容词常表示“感到……的”,可以修饰人及人的音容笑貌等。以-ing结尾的分词形容词常表示“令人感到……的”,多用来修饰物。如:
distracted分心的 distracting使人分心的
embarrassed尴尬的 embarrassing令人尴尬的
4.is viewed 考查时态、语态及主谓一致。句意:如今,“搭子”这个词被视为一种新型的以追求共同爱好为目的的社交关系。根据时间状语Nowadays及语境可知,应用一般现在时表示一般情况;be viewed as...为固定搭配,意为“被视为……”,则the term “Dazi”与view之间为被动关系,应用被动语态;主语为第三人称单数形式,谓语也应用第三人称单数形式。故填is viewed。
5.had happened 考查虚拟语气。句意:那位侦探偶然发现了犯罪嫌疑人,但他表现得好像什么事都没发生一样。由句意可知,as if引导的方式状语从句要用虚拟语气,表示不是真实的情况;由behaved及语境可知此处表示对过去事情的虚拟,从句要用过去完成时。故填had happened。
6.despite 考查介词。句意:尽管营养科学取得了巨大的进步,但在联合国关于全球食品安全的最新报告中,世界上营养不良人口的数量仍一直在上升。由句意和句子结构可知,空前后为转折或让步关系,设空处与空后的名词短语连起来作状语,设空处无提示词,空后为名词短语,推断设空处用介词,表示“尽管”,故填despite。
Ⅲ.1.lost touch with 2.lived life to the full 3.got distracted by 4.point of view 5.a pleasant surprise
6.would be reunited with
Ⅳ.1.is; pessimistic about; how to overcome the difficulties
2.is weak in; be weakened by; weakness 3.It is recognized that; is recognized as
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.a 考查冠词。journalist为可数名词,根据空后的“promising sports journalist”及句子结构可知此处应填冠词。由语境可知,此处表示“一位……的记者”,表泛指,应用不定冠词,且promising以辅音音素开头,故填a。
2.is reunited 考查时态、语态及主谓一致。句中when引导时间状语从句,设空处作从句的谓语。由主句中的changes及语境可知从句也应用一般现在时;be reunited with为固定搭配,意为“与……重聚”,由此可知从句主语he与reunite之间为被动关系,用的是其被动语态,且主语为第三人称单数形式,故填is reunited。
3.weekly 考查形容词。根据空后的名词conversations可知设空处应用形容词作定语修饰名词;此处表示“每周的”,故填weekly。
4.to find 考查动词不定式。分析句子结构可知,此句使用了“it is+n.+to do sth.”结构,其中it为形式主语,不定式短语作真正的主语,设空处应用动词不定式,故填to find。
5.As 考查关系代词。分析句子结构可知,设空处作非限制性定语从句的引导词,表示“正如”,故填As。
6.living 考查现在分词。分析句子结构可知,“While 6 ”为状语从句的省略形式,还原后为“While we are living”,此处省略了主语we和be动词,故填living。
7.possessions 考查名词的数。根据空前的形容词material可知设空处应用名词,作gathering的宾语。possession表示“财产,财物”时为可数名词且常用复数形式,且空前没有冠词等限定词,故填possessions。
8.what 考查连接代词。句意:弄清楚在我们的生活中什么是重要的并且建立我们自己的价值观是我们应该做的事。分析句子结构可知,“ 8 is important in our lives”是设空处引导的宾语从句,作find out的宾语,且从句缺少主语,结合句意可知设空处表示“什么”,应用连接代词what。
9.recognition 考查名词。根据空前的形容词widespread可知,设空处应用名词作Receiving的宾语,表示“认可”,故填名词recognition。
10.with 考查介词。keep in touch with与……保持联系。故填with。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者大学毕业后到非洲当志愿老师的经历以及作者的感悟。
1.was sent 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。and连接并列的谓语动词,根据became可知该句为一般过去时态,句子主语I(单数)与send之间为被动关系。故填was sent。
2.equally 考查副词。设空处在句中修饰形容词eager,应用副词equally,表示“同样地”。故填equally。
3.had 考查时态。分析句子可知,该句为and连接的并列复合句,由第一个分句中的were可知,这里用一般过去时描述过去的状态。故填had。
4.of 考查介词。mountains of表示“很多的”。故填of。
5.possessions 考查名词复数。few修饰可数名词复数形式,且possession意为“个人财产”时常用复数形式,故填possessions。
6.being 考查现在分词。主句中已有谓语动词required,所以逗号前面部分在句中作状语,分析可知逗号前是独立主格结构,be与其逻辑主语This之间为主动关系,因此使用现在分词形式。故填being。
7.a 考查冠词。这里指“仅仅适应生活条件就需要一个很大的调整”,表示泛指,且big的发音以辅音音素开头,所以用不定冠词a。
8.where 考查关系副词。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导定语从句,place为先行词,关系词在从句中作地点状语,因此填where。
9.glorious 考查形容词。根据空前的冠词a及空后的African sunset可知,该空应用形容词作定语。glory 的形容词形式为glorious,意为“壮丽的”。
10.placed 考查过去分词。句中已有谓语awakened,所以设空处应填非谓语动词,limitations与place之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填placed。
【高频词汇】 1.bare adj.空的 2.adjustment n.适应 3.awaken v.唤起;被唤起;(使)醒来 4.comfort zone n.舒适区 5.worthwhile adj.值得的;重要的;令人愉快的;有趣的
Ⅲ.A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了智者托马斯通过智慧帮助人们认识到每个人都有自己的烦恼,并鼓励他们同情和理解他人。
1.A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“people from nearby towns...all rushed to visit him and seek his advice”和第二段中的“Many who came sought help with difficulties in daily life”“patiently offered suggestions”“more and more people came to see Thomas for guidance”可知,人们拜访托马斯是为了寻求建议。故选A。
2.D 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“How about writing down your problems on a piece of paper and placing it in this basket beside me (大家把你们的问题写在一张纸上,然后把它放在我身边的这个篮子里怎么样 )”可知,托马斯通过让他们写下他们的问题来应付他们。故选D。
3.B 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句“As everyone read a note from someone else, they all recognized that indeed, each person has their own troubles, and every household has its own challenges.”可知,阅读别人的问题让他们意识到每个人都有自己的烦恼,每个家庭都有自己的挑战,也就是他们的处境相似。故选B。
4.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Perhaps others are the ones who need help more urgently, or maybe there is something within our power that we can do for them.(也许其他人更迫切需要帮助,或者也许我们可以为他们做一些力所能及的事情。)”并结合前文讲的故事可知,托马斯通过让大家写下自己的问题并阅读别人的问题让大家知道,要对其他人抱有同情心。故选B。
【高频词汇】 1.wander v.漫步,闲逛 2.bear v.忍受;生育;结(果实) 3.turn away把……拒之门外 4.spread v.传播 5.urgent adj.紧急的 urgently adv.紧急地
6.insist v.坚决要求;坚持认为 7.concern n.担心/忧虑(的事);关爱 v.与……有关,涉及;让……担忧
【熟词生义】 1.address v.设法解决 2.place v.放置
【差距词汇】 1.be bound by 受……约束 2.vortex n.(感情或局势的)漩涡 3.prioritize v.按重要性排列;优先处理 prioritization n.优先次序;优化
B
◎语篇解读 本文为一篇说明文。研究表明,能欣赏生活中的美的人更能发现生活的意义,而我们现代快节奏、以项目为导向的生活方式让我们忽略了当下正在发生的事情,因此,作者建议我们应活在当下。
5.A 推理判断题。根据第二段“蝴蝶和风景”的例子以及之后的“When people are open to appreciating such experiences, these moments may enhance how they view their life. This element is defined as EA”可知,文章第二段通过蝴蝶和美景的例子来引入一个概念——体验性欣赏。故选A。
类比启发
有些文章中会出现例子、数据、名言等,这些内容多是支撑论据,目的是阐述某个主题或引出下文。例如,文章开头运用某种写作手法一般是为了引出文章主题(to introduce/bring in the topic),段落中举例子或引用名言是为了说明主题内容(to support/show...)。
6.D 推理判断题。根据文章第三段第二句“在最初的一项测试中,研究人员让参与者评估他们对缓解压力的不同应对策略的认同程度”以及第四段第一句“研究人员随后进行了一系列实验,在实验中,他们给参与者特定的任务,并再次要求他们报告他们对与目的等相关的陈述的认同程度”和最后一句“在认真思考了从参与者那里收集到的结果后,研究人员证实了他们最初的理论”可综合推断,研究者通过分析参与者的不同反应来进行研究。故选D。
类比启发
研究发现类的文章一般为总分总结构,文章要点包括:研究背景、研究目的、研究对象、研究过程和方法、研究结果和研究结论。学生可通过跳读来定位这些要点。
7.B 推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“In one case, participants who watched an awe-inspiring video reported having a greater sense of EA and meaning in life, compared with those who watched more neutral videos.(在一个案例中,观看了令人敬畏的视频的参与者报告说,与观看更多素净的视频的参与者相比,他们对体验性欣赏和生活意义的感觉更强)”可推知,经常听鼓舞人心的演讲的人更能找到生活的意义。故选B。
8.C 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知,对未来结果的关注使得我们很容易忽略当下正在发生的事情;然而,生活就发生在当下,我们应该慢下来,让生活给我们惊喜,体会日常生活中的意义。由此可知,作者在最后一段告诉我们,应该生活在当下。A.一分耕耘,一分收获;B.那些相信自己能力的人无所不能;C.活在当下;D.随遇而安。故选C。
【高频词汇】 1.contribution n.贡献;捐款 2.existence n.生活(方式);存在 3.admire v.欣赏;钦佩,赞赏
4.deliver v.传送,递送 5.enhance v.增强 6.involve v.涉及;参加;牵涉 7.specific adj.具体的,特定的
8.confirm v.证实,确认
【熟词生义】 star v.由……主演
【差距词汇】 1.awe-inspiring adj.令人惊叹的,令人敬畏的 2.oriented adj.以……为导向的
长难句
原句 Researchers then conducted a series of experiments, in which they gave participants specific tasks and, once more, asked them to report how strongly they identified with statements linked to purposes, etc.
分析 本句为主从复合句。“in which...etc.”为in which引导的定语从句,修饰experiments。在该定语从句中,and连接并列谓语gave和asked;how引导宾语从句;“linked to...”为过去分词短语作定语。
译文 研究人员随后进行了一系列实验,在实验中,他们给参与者特定的任务,并再次要求他们报告他们对与目的等相关的陈述的认同程度。
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