中考英语专题三：阅读理解
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中考专题三：阅读理解
一．中考阅读理解题命题特点：
阅读理解题是中考英语的测试重点，也是中考 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )英语试题中卷面分值最高的一种题型，在各地中考试卷中约占30％的比例。一般设三到四篇短文，试题采用“根据所给阅读材料判断正误”“根据要求完成下列各题”“选择最佳答案”或“回答问题”等多种形式。纵观近年来全国各地中考阅读题，其体裁多样，有记叙文、议论文、说明文、应用文（信函、请柬、通知、便条、表格、图表、广告、图示和标志等）；所选材料内容广泛，涉及文化、环境、科普、社会、政治、经济、历史等众多领域。文章的题材宽泛，体裁富于变化，形式多种多样。其特点是：时代气息浓，可读性强，理解难度较高。
阅读理解题主要是考查学生通过阅读获取信息、 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )分析信息和处理信息的能力，既要抓住文章的主旨，又要抓住细节；既要理解具体事实，又要理解抽象概念；既要理解文章字面意思，又要挖掘意图，揣摩隐藏在字里行间的内涵；既要理解全篇的逻辑关系，又要理解某些细节的意思，并且在读懂句子和文章的基础上，将所读文章进行判断、分析和推理。概括的说就是这类题注重考查阅读技能，包括理解短文大意、了解具体细节、通过上下文猜测词义、归纳篇章大意，以及推断或理解的态度和意图等。考生不仅要具有准确获得信息的能力，还要具有透过文章表层意思理解文章隐含意义的能力。这样才能抓住中心思想，作出正确的判断。试题涉及掌握语篇主旨，事实细节、深层含义、推理判断、猜测词义等多方面的阅读能力考查。设题通常考虑以下五个方面。
1. 直观性问题。直接引用原文中的语句或根据短文中原语句稍加改动而编成。
2. 常识性问题。考查学生依据短文信息，并根据自己所具备的一般常识作出判断的题型．
3. 理解性问题。考查学生对文章的中心思想，某段的段落大意，某一事实的细节及意图等的理解程度。
4. 推理性问题。这类题需在深刻理解短文后，再经过推理判断才能选出正确答案。
5. 概括性问题。要求考生在阅读和理解全文 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的基础上对文章做出归纳、概括或评价。此类考查主旨和大意的题大多数针对段落(或短文)的主题思想，标题或目的。
二、阅读理解题命题的测试要求：
1、理解文章的主旨大意：考 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )查掌握所读材料的主旨和大意的能力。此类试题大多数针对段落（或短文）的主题、主题思想、标题或目的。其主要提问方式有：
1). Which is the best title of the passage
2). Which of the following is this passage about
3). Passage Two is mainly about _________.
4). In this passage, the writer mainly tells us _______.
5). What’s the main idea of the passage
2、理解文章的具体细节: 考查把握文章的事实和细节的能力。此类试题占比例较大，大多针对文章具体细节设计。其主要提问方式有：
1). Which is RIGHT according to the passage
2). According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE
3). In the second paragraph, we know ____________.
4). Which isn’t men ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tioned about the main reason why teenagers surf the Web
5). The writer of the letter is ____.
3、根据上下文推测生词的含义：考察 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )根据上下文猜测生词的含义的能力。此类猜测词义的题目要求考生根据文章中的上下文确定某一特定的词或短语的准确含义。其主要提问方式有：
1). The word “*” in this passage probably means ________.
2). The underlined words “We three” in Passage 2 refer to _______.
3). What does the underlined word “*” mean in this passage
4). The Chinese m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eaning of the word “*” in this passage is probably “____”.
5). What’s the meaning of the underlined word “*”
4、做出简单的判断和推理：考察依据文章内容和 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )考生应具备的常识进行推理和判断的能力。此类题目文章中没有明确的答案，需要考生在理解全文的基础上进行推理和判断。其主要提问方式有：
1). We can guess the writer of the letter may be a ______.
2). From the story we can guess ________.
3). You can't visit the History Museum on .
4). According to this passage, we can infer(推断) that ______.
5). We can infer from the text that _______.
5、理清指代关系：考察考生依据文章或段落的上下文对其中人物，事件等的发展变化的整体把握能力。其主要提问方式有：
1). What does the word "it" mean in Paragraph l
2). The underlined word “them” means the ______.
3). In this story the underlined word “it” means _______.
4). 请根据短文内容，用英语表达 ①处划线单词his 所指代的内容。
6、理解文章的脉络结构：考 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )察对阅读材料全篇的逻辑关系的理解，对文章各段，各句之间的逻辑关系的理解能力。此类题目主要考察的是句与句之间，段与段之间的逻辑关系。其主要提问方式有：
1). Which wa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y is the cheapest and quickest to learn something about friends far away
2). For the writer, what’s the best advice to manage time
3). Ann does well i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n English and loves children. She can ca11 _ to ask for a job.
4). How many pieces of advice does the writer give
5). What lesson did the writer’s grandfather probably teach him
7、推测作者的写作意图和态度等：考察考生根据全文内容推测作者的写作意图和态度的能力。其主要提问方式有：
1). How did the writer feel at Vienna Station
2). In the writer’s opinion, _______.
3). In this passage, the writer tried to tell us ________.
4). What’s the purpose of the passage
5). The writer believes that ______.
三、阅读理解题型分析及解题方法
中考英语阅读理解要求考生对阅读材料从词 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )汇、句子到段落、语篇均有准确的理解和把握。对阅读理解题的考察方式各地虽有不同，但考察的目的大体一致。常用方式有：
1. 四选一的选择题方式。常见的形 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )式有：选择所给问题的最佳答案；选择适当的表达完成句子的形式等等。包括①具体信息题；②细节理解题；③词义猜测题；④逻辑推理题；⑤归纳概括题等等。
2. 判断正误题方式。即根据文章内容对所 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )给句子判断正误（T/F或A/B）。在中考英语中，正误判断题通常放在所有阅读理解试题的第一篇，一般难度较小。所设题目都是陈述事实，可以从原文中直接找到判断依据，不出现疑问句形式。做这一类试题的解题思路是：①首先阅读原文，理清文章脉络，理解文章主旨大意，扑捉基本信息；②审读题目，理解题干，回读原文，找到相关内容，依据文章内容对所给出的句子进行判断；③重读原文，对每个题目进行检查，对一些似是而非的题目认真识别，确定答案。
3. 还原句子题方式。即从所给的句子 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )中选取合适的句子补到文章中的空缺位置，使文章内容完整。可以是七选五的形式，也可以是五选五的形式。语句还原题是近年来中考英语试题中阅读理解试题的新题型，一些学生由于对此类试题不熟悉，做题时感到无从下手。做这一类试题的解题思路是：①首先通读原文，把握文章整体，了解文章大意；②认真分析选项内容，理解选项句意；③根据所给空格的位置，判断选项特征，瞻前顾后，前后对照，逐句推敲。可能需要根据前句内容判断后句，或后句内容判断前句，也可能要根据前后句内容判断中间句。如果是首句或尾句，可能是概括总结内容的句子。④重读文章，验证答案。即把选项填入空格，通读文章，如果文章意思通顺，逻辑关系清晰，无前后矛盾等现象，即可确定答案。
4. 任务型阅读题方式。即以任务的形式 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )来考察考生对文章内容的理解。常见形式有：英译汉；连词成句；简要回答问题；从文中找近义词、句等等。任务型阅读理解题是一种介于阅读理解和写作之间的综合性新题型。要求考生在理解文章文字材料的基础上，完成各种不同的任务。主要考察考生收集信息和整理信息的语言应用能力。做这一类试题的解题思路是：①首先阅读原文，理清文章脉络，理解文章主旨大意，扑捉基本信息；②由于任务形式多样，考生在答题前要先明确任务，做到心中有数；③答题时要紧扣原文，读懂题干，对应原文信息，找出所需要的答案；④注重书写，按英语要求认真书写答案。
完成阅读理解题可以根据所设题目采用不同的解题方法。常见方法有：
①直接查找法：适用于具体信息题 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )和细节理解题。具体信息题和细节理解题是中考英语阅读理解的主要题型，它要求考生对原文事实和细节有准确的认识和判断，一般情况下，细节理解题的解题依据均可在原文中直接找到，因此考生应认真阅读题干内容，弄清题干的实际需要，并带着这一需要回读原文，查找到所需信息完成试题。
②逻辑推断法：适用于逻辑推理题。一些试 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )题所需信息原文并不直接提供，考生应认真阅读分析题干内容，了解试题所问信息角度，并带上试题认识回到原文查找答题所需信息，然后在把握文章主旨大意、作者意图、写作目的和主人公情感的基础上将这一信息进行概念转换、思维迁移和逻辑推理，从而准确推断出试题答案。
③概括归纳法：适用于归纳概括题。一些试题考 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )察考生对文章、段落和部分内容大意的理解，考生应认真阅读分析题干内容，弄清需要归纳大意的范围。如果是文章大意判断题，考生应认真阅读原文，弄清作者要介绍什么，是如何介绍的，从而准确了解原文主旨大意。文章的首句或末句往往是阅读重点，是主题句，即文章主旨大意之所在。理解段落大意也同样要重视首句和末句。另外，理解段落或部分内容大意时，考生应认真思考细致分析该部分内容在全文中处于什么阶段，起什么作用，从而准确理解其主旨大意。
④标题判断法：适用于归纳概括 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )题。阅读理解题中经常见到要求考生选择文章的标题的试题，一般放在第一题或最后一题的位置。众所周知，标题应该体现全文的精神实质，因此必须具备高度的概括性；但是标题又不能过分概括泛化而失去对本文的指向性，因此它还必须具备一定的针对性；另外，标题还应吸引读者的目光，打动读者的内心，具有一定的醒目性。所以，只要坚持这三个原则，就可以快速准确地确定文章的标题。
⑤语境推断法：适用于逻辑推理题和词义猜 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )测题。中考英语阅读理解还非常注重对文章中一些典型难句的理解，这些难句往往运用典故、引用、比喻等手段来表达主人公或作者特殊观点或情感，语义深沉，委婉含蓄，其中出现的一些词汇或不是常见的词汇的含义，解题时应借助临近语境对其进行的解释说明来猜测推断其含义。
⑥背景信息法：适用于词义猜测题。少数阅 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )读理解试题考察考生对生词的理解，考生应认真阅读分析生词所在句以及临近句的背景信息，利用定语解释、对比、条件、递进、并列、让步、因果等逻辑关系，结合构词法知识和生活常识综合推断生词含义。
1. 选择型阅读理解题中考真题解析：
（A）(2015青海西宁)
In the ancient Arabi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )c story called Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves, the young hero Ali Baba said "Open Sesame" and a door to hidden treasures was opened to him. The old story had a special meaning for Ma Yun. He drew inspiration from it for - Chinese largest e-commerce（电子商务）website.
In 1995, Ma Yun was wo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rking for a US trading company（公司）when he was introduced to the Internet. "I know nothing about computers and has never touched a keyboard," he said. He searched the word "beer" and nothing came up about Chinese products.
Ma Yun had an idea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ). Why not build a large Internet market to connect customers with companies from all over the world They could do business online in that way. That was how Alibaba began. His company grew quickly. But that didn't mean everything went smoothly. In 2000, many Internet companies failed including Alibaba. But later, he was successful because he managed to attract(吸引) investment（投资）into his company. "You should stick to your dream," he said. "Everyone thought I was daydreaming when I started. But the most important thing is that we believe in our dream from past to today and tomorrow. Of course we made many mistakes, but we never give up."
Ma Yun is also smar ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t. For him, success in business is like trying to catch a rabbit. If there are nine rabbits, focus on catching one - don't try to catch them all," he said. "Change your ways if you need to, but don't change the rabbit. Get one first, put it in your pocket and then catch the others."
51. What does the word "it" mean in Paragraph l
A. The young hero Ali Baba. B. The phrase "Open Sesame".
C. The website. D. The old story.
52. From Paragraph 2, we know that Ma Yun ______.
A. was introduced to the Internet in 1995 B. was working in America
C. decided to buy an ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d sell Chinese beer D. bought a keyboard from Internet
53. What happened to Ma Yun in 2000
A. He founded his ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) own company. B. His company grew quickly and smoothly.
C. His company fai ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )led like many others. D. He was successful though he had no investment.
54. Which is RIGHT according to the passage
A. We should always daydream like Ma Yun.
B. We should never give up hope like Ma Yun.
C. Ma Yun seldom made mistakes.
D. People should tr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y to put nine rabbits in their pockets at the same time
55. What is the main idea of the passage
A. Ma Yun's tr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )easures. B. The importance of working hard.
C. The secret ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s of Ma Yun's success. D. Ma Yun's hobby - catching rabbits
试题解析：
51. 【解题方法】逻辑推断法。这是一个需 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )要理清指代关系的题目，属于逻辑推理题。运用逻辑推断法和语境推断法，结合上句内容，可以确定it指代的是上句出现的the old story，故答案是D。
52. 【解题方法】直接查找法。这是一个需要 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )理解文章具体细节的题目，属于细节理解题。运用直接查找法，从第二段第一句话In 1995, Ma Yun was working for a US trading company（公司）when he was introduced to the Internet.中就可以得出答案，故答案是A。
53. 【解题方法】直接查找法。这是一个需要 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )理解文章具体细节的题目，属于具体信息题。运用直接查找法，从第三段In 2000, many Internet companies failed including Alibaba.这句话可以直接确定答案为C。
54. 【解题方法】直接查找 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )法。这是一个需要理解文章具体细节的题目，属于细节理解题。运用直接查找法，从第三段内容可以排除A和C，从第四段内容可以排除D，故答案是B。
55. 【解题方法】概括归纳法。 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )这是一个需要理解文章主旨大意的题目，属于归纳概括题。运用标题判断法和概括归纳法可以很容易得出答案，故答案是C。
（B）(2015辽宁丹东)
A Bite of China (舌尖上的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )中国) has become a hot topic on the Internet in China. It is a seven-episode(集) program. It is about traditional Chinese food.
The documentary has ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) attracted over 100,000,000 Chinese audiences(观众). Most of them don’t see this program as a common food show, because it shows them the value of Chinese food and the changes in China today. The audiences can see how hard the cooks and farmers work to make such wonderful Chinese food.
Chen Xiaoqing, th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e lead director of the program, says that the program is not only about eating, but also about Chinese culture. His friend Liu Wen said, “We also wanted to show international audiences what China is like today.”
“A Bite of China ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) will be out of English version(版本), ” said Chen Xiaoqing. “We should be thankful to the people who make so much delicious food.” added a reporter Wang Lu.
66. How many episodes are there in “A bite of China”
A. 4. B. 5. C. 6. D. 7.
67. What kind of program is “A Bite of China”
A. A soap opera. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. A comedy. C. A documentary. D. A sports show.
68. What’s the meaning of the underlined word “attracted”
A. 描述. B. 吸引. C. 产生. D. 改变.
69. Who works hard ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to make such wonderful Chinese food according to the passage
A. Farmers and reporters. B. Reporters and cooks.
C. Cooks and ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) farmers. D. Farmers and audiences.
70. Which of the following is true according to the passage
A. The lead director of the program is Wang Lu.
B. Most people regard this program as a show about reporters.
C. “A bite of Chi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )na” talks about not only food but also Chinese culture.
D. About 100 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ),000 Chinese audiences are interested in this program.
试题解析：
66. 【解题方法】直接查找法。这 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是一个需要理解文章具体细节的题目，属于细节理解题。运用直接查找法，从第一段第二句It is a seven-episode(集) program.“它是一个七集的节目”可知答案，故答案是D。
67. 【解题方法】逻辑推断法。 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )这是一个需要理清指代关系的题目，属于逻辑推理题。运用逻辑推断法和语境推断法，从第二段第一句The documentary has attracted over 100,000,000 Chinese audiences(观众).结合第一段内容可知The documentary指的就是上文提到的节目《舌尖上的中国》，故答案是C。
68. 【解题方法】背景信息法。这 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是一个需要推测生词的含义的题目，属于词义猜测题。运用背景信息法，结合语境推断法可知“这部纪录片已经吸引了超过一个亿的中国观众（观看）。”，故答案是B。
69. 【解题方法】直接查 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )找法。这是一个需要理解文章具体细节的题目，属于具体信息题。运用直接查找法，从第二段的最后一句The audiences can see how hard the cooks and farmers work to make such wonderful Chinese food. 可以得出答案，故答案是C。
70. 【解题方法】直接查找法 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。这是一个需要理解文章具体细节的题目，属于具体信息题。运用直接查找法，结合逻辑推断法，从第三段第一句…that the program is not only about eating, but also about Chinese culture. 可以得出答案，故答案是C。
2. 七选五还原句子阅读理解题中考真题解析（2015江西）
Hip-hop Planet
76 Countries like ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) France, Brazil and even Japan have their own hip-hop culture. But where did this strange speaking-singing style come from Many centuries ago, in West Africa, traditional storytellers played musical instruments while they were telling stories. When this tradition travelled from West Africa to the USA, it developed into different musical styles. For example, blues and jazz. 77 And in the 1970s, there were many poor areas in New York. There wasn’t any money for music lessons in schools, so kids made their own music. Teenagers Afrika and DJ Here played their records outside in the streets. Everybody joined in. MCs had rapping（说唱） competitions. Every week, there were talented new dancers, new DJs and new MCs. Hip-hop culture was born.
78 It was 19 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )80. I was at a party in New York. There was a young DJ at the party. He was playing records. While he was putting a record on, a kid picked up a microphone（话筒） and begantapping. Some other kids were break-dancing to the music. It was loud and boring, and I hated it. I preferred jazz.
79 Tod ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ay’s successful American artists like Missy and her friend Tim heard it on the radio when they were growing up.
The last tim ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e I heard hip-hop, I was in West Africa. 80 I was going to interview a traditional storyteller when I met a young hip-hop artist, he told me there are hundreds of rap groups in Africa today. We live on a hip-hop planet.
I remember the first time I heard hip-hop.You can find hip-hop everywhere you go.I was writing a book about African-Americans.Many Americans gave music lessons to poor children.These styles all started in poor African-American areas.During the 1980s, hip-hop became popular all over the USA.Some people don’t like hip-hop because of its spoken words.
试题解析：
76. 【解题方法】概括归纳法。从文 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )章第二句Countries like France, Brazil and even Japan have their own hip-hop culture.可以推断文章的首句应该是概括性的句子，并且联系到有关不同地点方面的意思，故答案是B。
77.【解题方法】语境推断法。根据空前 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的When this tradition travelled from West Africa to the USA, it developed into different musical styles. For example, blues and jazz.这两个句子谈论的都是有关音乐风格方面的事情可以得出答案，故答案是E。
78.【解题方法】概括归纳法。从整个第二 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )段内容可以判断，这是在介绍作者第一次接触hip-hop的情景，段落的第一句应该是本段的概括句，故答案是A。
79.【解题方法】直接查找法。从空后面 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的句子中…heard it on the radio…“…通过收音机听到它”可以判断，这时Hip-Hop很流行了，故答案是F。
80.【解题方法】逻辑推断法。根据空前后所给句子可以推断，这里需要表达“我当时正在做某事。”故答案是C。
3. 任务型阅读理解题中考真题解析：（2015 河北）
Many people believe th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at yellowing and wetness are the greatest enemy of stamps. In fact, stamps are afraid of not only wetness, but also light and dirty things. People protect their stamps in several different ways.
To protect stam ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ps, we should never touch the stamps with our hands. This avoids moving dirty things onto them. Stamp tweezers (镊子) should be used in all conditions.
Stamps are printe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d things. The colour will slowly disappear if the stamps are put in the light for a long time. So we should not put stamps in the light for long. Direct sunlight must be avoided as well.
Wetness is an ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )important problem for stamps. Some collectors will put stamps in separate plastic (塑料) bags. However, it is possible that some stamps have taken in some water from the air before they are put into the plastic bags. Stamps become yellow easily and rapidly after they take in wet air. To protect the stamps, some people also put the stamps into a special room which has a machine to keep the air cool and dry. However, not many people can afford that.
To keep stamps, stamp ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )collectors usually put them under plastic covers. It is a common and simple way. This helps because the plastic cover keeps the stamps off the wet air. It also stops the fingers from touching the stamps.
Some collectors prefe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r to store stamps inside a plastic box with desiccants(干燥剂). However, we should take care not to let the stamps touch the desiccants. On top of that, don't take your stamps out on a wet day.
71题完成句子；72~73题简略回答问题；74题找出并写下全文的主题句；75题将文中画线句子译成汉语。
71. One way to protect ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) stamps is that we should never touch them _____________
72. What will disappear if we put the stamps in the light for long
_______________________________________________________________
73. When do stamps become yellow easily and rapidly
_______________________________________________________________
74. _______________________________________________________________
75. _______________________________________________________________
试题解析：
71.【解题方法】直接查找法。 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )考虑题干中的we should never touch them ______，我们从文章第二段第一句话可以直接找到答案，答案是with our hands。
72.【解题方法】直接查找法。根据所给问题， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )在文章中找到第三段第二句话The colour will slowly disappear if the stamps are put in the light for a long time. 就可以直接找到答案，答案是The colour。
73.【解题方法】直接查找 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )法。根据所给问题，在文章中找到第四段第四句话Stamps become yellow easily and rapidly after they take in wet air. 就可以直接找到答案，答案是After they take in wet air.
74.【解题方法】概括归纳 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )法，标题判断法。纵观全文，从文章的第二段开始一直到第六段结束，都是在介绍保存邮票的各种不同方法，那么第一段就一定是文章的综述部分，而第一段的最后一句People protect their stamps in several different ways.就是全文的主题句。
75.【解题方法】语境推断法。根据所 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )给划线部分句子，结合前后语境，考虑句子开头的动词不定式短语在这里表目的，可以将其翻译为“为了保存邮票，集邮者（们）通常把它们（邮票）放在塑料封面下（边）。”
四、中考专题训练
Passage 1 (2015江苏扬州)
Jane Austen(1775-181 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )7), an English novelist, started writing young and completed six novels in her life. Today Austen’s books are more popular than ever. In the last 10 years, five of her six novels have been made into Hollywood films, while her books continue to be best-sellers.
Richard Jenkyns, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a professor of English at Oxford University, says that her novels are about marriage, friendships and the family, which are still with us today. “The stories are timeless,”Jenkyns said.
Pride and Prejudi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ce(偏见)(1813) is Austen’s most famous work. It is a love story about Elizabeth Bennet and Mr. Darcy. At first, these two dislike each other. Elizabeth is pretty, smart and lively. She is proud because Darcy doesn’t know about her family. Mr. Darcy is handsome, rich and has a better family background. So, he is proud as well. At the same time, Darcy holds a prejudice against the Bennet family. He has no understanding of why the family, especially its mother and daughters should try so hard to find wealthy and powerful husbands. He thinks they are vulgar. Anyway, Elizabeth and Darcy finally fall in love and become a romantic couple but their families don’t want them to.
In Pride and P ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rejudice, some of the main things that Jane Austen wants to teach people are as follows. Opposites can attract each other. Lovers should not only make each other feel relaxed or comfortable, but also educate and improve each other.
Austen was ofte ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n called the greatest romanti writer, so it is surprising she remained unmarried. “Maybe she was too romantic, waiting for the perfect man,” Jenkyns says.
34. From Paragraph 1and Paragraph 2, we can know .
A. Jane Austen passed away in her fifties
B. Austen’s works remain popular today
C. all of Austen’s works have been made into Hollywood films.
D. Austen’s works are mostly about war and the family.
35. Which of the following sentences is True
A. Elizabeth and Darcy fall in love at first sight.
B. Elizabeth has a better family background than Darcy.
C. Darcy has a first good impression of Elizabeth’s family.
D. Elizabeth and Darcy become a romantic couple in the end.
36. What does the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )underlined word”vulgar” in Paragraph 3 mean
A.粗俗的 B.鲁莽的 C.吝啬的 D.伪善的
37. From what Jenkyns says,we can learn __________.
A. opposites can attract each other
B. lovers should improve each other.
C. Austen’s works go beyond her times
D.Austen married a perfect man at last
试题解析：
34.【解题方法】直接查找法。这是一 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )道细节理解题，根据文章第一段第二句Today Austen’s books are more popular than ever.可以直接确定答案是B。另外，也可以考虑依据文章第一段Jane Austen(1775-1817)排除A；考虑five of her six novels have been made into Hollywood films排除C；根据第二段her novels are about marriage, friendships and the family排除D。故答案是B。
35.【解题方法】直接查找法。这是 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )一道具体信息题，从文章第三段最后一句中Elizabeth and Darcy finally fall in love and become a romantic couple可以直接判断答案是D。
36.【解题方法】背景信息法。这是一 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )道词义猜测题，分析单词“vulgar”所在句子前面的一些表达At the same time, Darcy holds a prejudice against the Bennet family. He has no understanding of why the family, especially its mother and daughters should try so hard to find wealthy and powerful husbands.中描述的“母女极力追求有钱有势的丈夫”的事实，可以判断答案是A。
37.【解题方法】语境推断法。根据 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )文章第二段Jenkyns 所说的话her novels are about …, which are still with us today.以及 “The stories are timeless,”，结合本文语境，可以判断答案是C。
Passage 2 (2014河北)
In today’s w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )orld of mobile phones, most people have at least one time-telling tool with them. Since these small machines are so common, will people stop wearing the 500-year-old watches According to some people, yes. A teenager says it’s unnecessary to wear a watch. Many young people agree-and use their mobile phones to tell time. Louis Galie, apresident, said that fewer young people wear watches today than five years ago.
However, wat ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )chmakers say that watches get popular again when people reach their 20s and 30s. By then, they want to spend money on a nice time-telling tool which doesn’t just keep a good time. For this reason, the watch industry has become an accessory business (配件业) in recent years.
Today’s ______ offer a lot of uses that meet the need of almost any personality (个性). They can be used as compasses (指南针), calendars, and even USB drivers…
People are alway ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s trying their best to creat new kinds of watches. A certain watchmaker business watches that don’t even look like watches. Their popular model uses different color lights to tell the time. Amother watchmaker business, make a “handless” watch, using a ring of circles to keep time. This watch makes people talk a lot about modern watches.
Whether a watch e ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )xpress fashion sense, creative ability of a love of sports, people want their time-telling tools to be beautiful, fashionable and practical. All in all, a watch has become more important than the time it tells.
76题完成句子；77题简略回答问题 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )；78题将文中横线处空缺的一个单词填写在下面的答题纸上；79题找出并写出全文的主题句；80题将文中画线句子译成汉语。
76. Many young peop ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )le agree that it’s unnecessary to __________________.
77. When do watches get popular again according to watchmakers
___________________________________________________________
78. ___________________________________________________________
79. ___________________________________________________________
80. ___________________________________________________________
试题解析：
76. 【解题方法】直接查找法。 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )这是一道细节理解题，从文章第一段第四句A teenager says it’s unnecessary to wear a watch. Many young people agree-and use their mobile phones to tell time.可以直接找到答案，答案是wear a watch，考虑主语Many young people，故答案也可以是复数形式wear watches。
77.【解题方法】直接查 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )找法。这是一道具体信息题，从文章第二段第一句watchmakers say that watches get popular again when people reach their 20s and 30s.可以直接找到答案，答案是When people reach their 20s and 30s, watches get popular again.。
78.【解题方法】语境推断法。这是一道逻辑推理题，根据本文的前后语境可知，谈论的都是有关 “手表”的事情。所以答案应该是watches。
79.【解题方法】概括归纳法。这是一个找 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )全文主题句的题，主题句应该是对全文思想的概括。纵观全文，最后一段应该是对全文的概括，而它的叙述方式是先分后总，最后一句话是中心句，可以作为本文的主题句。再考虑表达All in all“总而言之”，故答案是A watch has become more important than the time it tells.。
80.【解题方法】语境推断法。根 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )据所给划线部分句子，结合前后语境，考虑词组“try one’s best to do sth.”的意思是“努力/尽力做某事”可以将其翻译为“人们一直/总是在努力创造/设计/制造新型/种类的手表。”
Passage 3 (2013河北)
Cyril Dick’s hou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )se is neither a modern house nor a house of the future. It is 40 years old. There are more houses like that in the south of France. They are called “bubble houses”, and you can see why!
Cyril Dick is a designer and he loves round things. He collects old records and clocks. He also collects round furniture. And now he has a completely round house.
Everything in the “bubble house” is round. The centre of the house is one very big bubble. This is both the living room and dining room. There are round armchairs, a round table, and a big round rug(地毯) in front of a round fireplace. Around the living room are three small bubbles. One bubble is a kitchen with round shelves, another bubble is the garden room, and the third bubble is a music room. Upstairs there are two more bubbles—a bedroom and a bathroom.
The doors and windows are also round, of course. The window are like eyes. There aren’t any curtains(窗帘) in the house, because Cyril likes to see the garden all the time.
Bubble houses are the idea of a Hungarian architect(建筑师), Antti Lovag. “A lot of modern houses are bad for us, especially tall buildings of flats,” says Lovag. “Because round homes are more natural, people feel happy in them.” Cyril agrees with this. “Some people think my house is funny,” he says, “but for me, this is the perfect home.”
76题判断正误（“T”表示正确，“F”表示错误）；77题完成句子；78题简略回答问题；79题找出并写下第三段的主题句；80题将文中画线句子译成汉语。
76. You can find more “bubble houses” in the south of France. 【 】
77. Cyril Dick is a designer and he loves _____________________________________.
78. What is the third bubble around the living room
____________________________________________________________________.
79. __________________________________ ___________________________________
80. _____________________________________________________________________。
试题解析：
76.【解题方法】直接查 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )找法。这是一道细节理解题，从文章第一段后两句话There are more houses like that in the south of France. They are called “bubble houses”,可以判断本题答案是T。
77. 【解题方法】直接查找法 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。这是一道具体信息题，从文章第二段第一句话Cyril Dick is a designer and he loves round things.可以直接找到答案round things。
78.【解题方法】直接查找法。 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )这是一道具体信息题，从文章第三段第五、六句话Around the living room are three small bubbles. One bubble is a kitchen with round shelves, another bubble is the garden room, and the third bubble is a music room. 可以直接找到答案A music room.。
79.【解题方法】概括归纳法。这是 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )一个找段落主题句的题，主题句应该是对全段内容的概括。纵观整个段落，是先总后分的叙述方式，开头第一句应该是对全段的概括，也就是主题句。故答案是Everything in the “bubble house” is round.。
80.【解题方法】语境推断法。根据所给划 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )线部分句子，结合前后语境，考虑连词结构Because … “因为…所以…”可以将其翻译为“因为圆形的家/房子更自然，（所以）人们（居住/生活）在里面感到快乐/幸福。”
Passage 4 (2015陕西)
阅读下面一篇短文，判断下列句子是否符合短文内容，符合的用“A”表示，不符合的用“B”表示。（共5小题，计5分）
Edinburgh, the c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )apital city of Scotland, is famous for its festivals. There are twelve festivals around the year. Half of them are celebrated during the months of July and August.Thousands of people visit it. Here are some of the events（公开活动）you can enjoy in Edinburgh.
Edinburgh International Festival
The first Edinburgh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) International Festival was planned during World War II for artists to find hope and communicate with each other. Later, actors, musicians, dancers and singers from all over the world came over to give performances.
Edinburgh Festival Fringe
This is one of the l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )argest art festival in the world. There are thousands of shows across the city. It was first held as a supplement（补充）to the Edinburgh International Festival. Then it developed very well. Anyone can perform in the festival and many artists take part in it. During the festival, you can go to the Royal Mile to watch performances for free.
Edinburgh International Book Festival
It began in 19 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )83. It is the largest book festival in the world. It is held every year in Charlotte Square Gardens in the center of Edinburgh. There are over 700 events for kids and adults who love books. You can meet many writers, talk to them or ask them to sign a book. Kids also like it because they can listen to stories and watch artists draw pictures of the stories.
In Edinburgh, six festivals are celebrated in July and August.
We can watch ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) performances for free in the Royal Mile during the Edinburgh Festival Fringe.
The first Edinburgh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )International Festival was planned for artists to give performances.
The Edinburgh Inter ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )national Festival is a supplement to Edinburgh Festival Fringe.
Kids like the Edinb ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )urgh International Book Festival because they can watch artists draw their
favorite pictures.
试题解析：
41. 解题方法：直接查找法。这 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是一道细节理解题，从第一段第二句话There are twelve festivals around the year.可知，在爱丁堡每年有十二个节日。而第三句Half of them are celebrated during the months of July and August.提到其中一半在七八月份，故答案是A。
42. 解题方法：直接查找 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )法。这是一道具体信息题，从第三段最后一句话During the festival, you can go to the Royal Mile to watch performances for free.可以直接找到答案，故答案是A。
43. 解题方法：直接查找法。这是 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )一道具体信息题，依据第二段第一句话The first Edinburgh International Festival was planned during World War II for artists to find hope and communicate with each other.可知本句描述有误，故答案是B。
44. 解题方法：直接查找法 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。这是一道具体信息题，依据第三段第三句话It was first held as a supplement（补充）to the Edinburgh International Festival.可知本句描述时把两个节日颠倒了，故答案是B。
45. 解题方法：直接查找法。这是一道 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )具体信息题，依据第四段最后一句话Kids also like it because they can listen to stories and watch artists draw pictures of the stories.可知，孩子们喜欢的是观看艺术家们画那些故事的画，可知本句描述有误，故答案是B。
Passage 5 (2015山东青岛)
Where is the true home of hamburger
The kind of beef ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) we see in hamburgers , minced(切碎)beef, was possibly invented by Mongolians over 800 years ago. But who first put the beef between pieces of bread and called it a hamburger Three different cities in the United States all say that they were the first to invent America’s favorite food.
Some pe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ople say that Fletcher Davis, from Athens, invented hamburgers. “Old Dave,” as people called him, was selling minced beef sandwiches in his lunch bar as early as the 1880s. Some years later, they say that a group of Germans called①his sandwich a “hamburger” because people from the German city of Hamburger ate this kind of beef.
Other people beli ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eve that the hamburger came from a different American city.②coincidentally, its name was also Hamburg. The Menches brothers were selling pork sandwiches at a fair in 1885, but when there was no more pork, they used minced beef and gave it a new name, the “hamburger”.
The third ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )possible inventor of the hamburger was Charlie Nagreen, also known as “Hamburger Charlie,” from Seymour. He said that in 1885 he invented the world’s first hamburgers. Seymour now celebrates the invention of the hamburger every year. In 1989, it was the home of the world’s largest ever burger—over 2,500kg!
任务一 请根据短文内容，完成句子。每空一词。（2分）
There are three Amer ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ican cities in this passage. They are Athens, ____ And _____ .
When there was n ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o more ____ at the1885 fair, the Menches brothers used minced beef ______ .
任务二 请根据短文内容，用英语表达 ①处划线单词his 所指代的内容。（1分）
任务三 请根据短文内容，猜 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )测②处划线单词coincidentally 的中文意思。 将其字母代号填写在答题卡上。（1分） A. 幸运地 B. 碰巧地 C. 相反地
任务四 请根据短文内容， 回答问题。（1分）
How often i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s the invention of the hamburger celebrated in Seymour
__________________________________ .
任务五 请从文中找出与Mon ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )golians possibly invented minced beef a long time ago. 意思相近的句子。（1分）
任务六 请用英语简要概括出本文的主旨大意，不超过10个词。（2分）
It ‘s mainly about ______________ .
试题解析：
任务一：1.解题方法：直接查找法。这是一道 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )细节理解题，从文章第三段的第二句：its name was also Hamburg.和第四段的第一句：Charlie Nagreen, also known as “Hamburger Charlie,” from Seymour.可知答案是Hamburg和Seymour。
2. 解题方法：直接查找法。 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )这是一道具体信息题，第四段的最后一句：when there was no more pork, they used minced beef. 据句意可知：牛肉代替猪肉，instead意为:代替，而且可以放在句尾。
任务二：解题方法：背景信息法。 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )这是一道需要理清指代关系的题，从第二段的第一句：Some people say that Fletcher Davis, from Athens, invented hamburgers.可知人们认为是Fletcher Davis发明了汉堡包。结合接下来的几句话可知，他实际上卖的是夹碎牛肉的三明治，后来被来自汉堡的德国人叫做汉堡包。所以这里his指的是Fletcher Davis’s。
任务三：解题方法：背景信息法。这是一 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )道词义猜测题，从文章第三段的第二句：its name was also Hamburg. 这里的also表明：德国有个城市叫hamburger, 而美国也有一个城市叫hamburg. 因此可以猜出coincidentally 的中文意思是：碰巧的，故答案是B。
任务四：解题方法：直接查找法。这是 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )一道具体信息题，从文章第四段的第三句：Seymour now celebrates the invention of the hamburger every year. 中可以直接找到答案，故答案是Every year。
任务五：解题方法：直接查找法。认真理解所给 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )句子的意思，就可以从文章的第一段的第一句：The kind of beef we see in hamburgers, minced beef, was possibly invented by Mongolians over 800 years ago.（我们看到的汉堡包里的这种牛肉，碎牛肉，可能是蒙古人800年前发明的）直接找到答案。故答案是The kind of beef we see in hamburgers , minced(切碎)beef, was possibly invented by Mongolians over 800 years ago.
任务六：解题方法：概括归纳法。这是 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )一道概括文章主旨大意的题，从文章的标题Where is the true home of hamburger 和第一段的最后一句：Three different cities in the United States all say that they were the first to invent America’s favorite food.可知，本文是要探究汉堡包的真正发源地，故答案是the true home of hamburger
Passage 6 (2015湖南长沙)
Have you ever heard ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of e-waste(electric waste,电子垃圾), which can be produced every day How do you deal with your computers, MP4 players and mobile phones when they’re broken or you want a new one
Most people just ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) throw them away. With the development of electric industry, e-waste pollution has become a serious problem. According to the United Nations, in 2014, people around the world produced 41.8 million tons of e-waste and only recycled 6.5 million tons. The US was the biggest waster, producing 7.1 million tons. China came second, with 6 million tons.
It’s important to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )pay attention to e-waste. It can either be valuable or harmful（有害的）, depending on how we deal with it. E-waste is a valuable urban mine（城市矿藏）. The value of the metals, like gold and silver in the waste around the world, is amazing. And the metals can be reused. But if people throw them away, the toxic chemicals（有毒化学物质） can get into the earth or air, effecting the environment and people’s health.
Apple, for ex ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ample, now recycle people’s used products in China when they are buying new ones. The company will test and repair the used ones and sell them at lower prices. To help reduce（减少）e-waste, we can also take computers and phones to see if companies offer recycling programs.
56. The following can become e-waste EXCEPT_____.
A. computers B. mobile phones C. plastic bags
57. Which country p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )roduced most e-waste last year according to the United Nations
A. America. B. China. C. Japan.
58. What does the underline word “affecting” mean in this passage
A. 保护 B. 影响 C. 改善
59. From Paragraph 4, we learn that_____.
A. the recycle Apple products will be sold at higher prices.
B. buying longer lasti ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng electronic products is a good way to reduce e-waste.
C. it’s better to keep the unwanted electronics in your bedroom.
60. The main purpose of this passage is to_____.
A. prove that e-waste is useless.
B. encourage people to buy more electronic products.
C. advise people to deal with e-waste properly to reduce pollution.
试题解析：
56. 解题方法：直接查找法。这是一道 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )具体信息题。根据题干except“除了、不包括”的词义可知，我们要选跟题干不相符合的内容。而从文章第一段第二句中…computers, MP4 players and mobile phones when they’re broken or you want a new one 看出C选项与该句中的MP4 players and mobile phone不属于一类，所以答案为C（塑料袋子）。本题也可以运用背景信息法，根据常识直接选出答案。
57. 解题方法：直接查 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )找法。这是一道细节理解题。根据题干定位到第二段According to the United Nations, in 2014, people around the world produced 41.8 million tons of e-waste and only recycled 6.5 million tons. The US was the biggest waster, producing 7.1 million tons.再根据背景信息法，知道US就是America，即可得出答案，所以答案为A。
58. 解题方法：语境推断法，背景信息 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )法。这是一道词义猜测题。根据关键词定位到the toxic chemicals（有毒化学物质） can get into the earth or air, effecting the environment and people’s health，有毒化学物质会进入到了土壤和空气中，根据因果关系，所以对环境和人们的健康肯定是有影响的。所以答案为B。
59. 解题方法：直接查找法 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，逻辑推断法。这是一道细节理解题。根据第四段内容…sell them at lower prices推断，A选项错误在higher；而C选项文章没有提及到，所以答案为B。
60. 解题方法：概括归 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )纳法。这是一道对本文作者的写作意图进行归纳总结的题。本篇文章体裁是议论文，那么文章一开始是以问题提问，全文的描述都是来回答这个问题的。根据第二段和第三段的开头句和最后一段，是需要去保护环境，不要乱丢电子垃圾，与选项答案一致的是C选项。
Passage 7 （2015贵州铜仁）
Long long ag ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o, there was no paper in the world. People had to write characters(汉字) in bamboo slips or stones.Then there was a man named Cai Lun who was a Chinese man. He made people use all kinds of things to invent paper. From then on, people can use paper to write on. Paper is a great invention. We always remember the great inventor Cai Lun. Nowadays paper is very useful in our work, study and our life. It really means a lot to human beings.
根据短文内容，判断下列句子的正 (A)与误 (B)，并在答题卡的相应位置将其涂黑。
66. Long long ago, there was paper in the world.
67. Cai Lun was a Chinese man.
68. Paper is a great invention.
69. Nowadays paper isn’t very useful in our work, study and our life
70. It really means a lot to human beings
试题解析：
66. 解题方法：直接查找法。这是一道具体信 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )息题。根据所给题干从原文的第一句Long long ago, there was no paper in the world.可知答案，故答案是B。
67. 解题方法：直接查找法。这是一道 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )细节理解题。根据所给题干从原文的第三句Then there was a man named Cai Lun who was a Chinese man.可知答案，故答案是A。本题也可以运用背景信息法，根据读者的常识知识直接得出答案。
68. 解题方法：直接查找法。这是一道具体信 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )息题。根据所给题干定位原文中的句子Paper is a great invention. 可知答案，故答案是A。
69. 解题方法：直接查找 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )法。这是一道细节理解题。根据所给题干定位原文中的句子Nowadays paper is very useful in our work, study and our life. 可知答案，故答案是B。
70. 解题方法：直接查找 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )法。这是一道具体信息题。根据所给题干定位原文中的最后一个句子It really means a lot to human beings.可知答案，故答案是A。
Passage 8 （2015贵州铜仁）
下列短文的划线部分是错误的，请将其正确答案书写在答题卡卷Ⅱ各小题规定的位置。
Linda is my friend. Sh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e is 15 year old. I got an e-mail 91. __________
from her yesterday. S ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he said she likes science and was good at it. 92. __________
Every summer she trav ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eled and her parents. She said traveling 93. __________
was an important part ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) in her life. Of all the place she visited， 94. __________
she likes Paris best so it was modern and beautiful. 95. __________
She learnt that Ch ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ina is an large and beautiful country 96. __________
with a history of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )5,000 years. That July she will go to Beijing 97. __________
with her pare ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nts on plane. They will stay in Beijing for a week 98. __________
I am sure I will show they around Beijing. 99. __________
I’m sure they will have a well time in China. 100. _________
试题解析：
91. 解题方法：根据画线单词所在句子 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )可以判断，本句要表达的意思是：她是15岁。这是英语中的计量句型，结构是“数词+量词（可数名词）+形容词”，当数词不是“一”时，量词需要用复数形式，所以需要把year改为years。
92. 解题方法：根据画线单词所在句子可以 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )判断，本句要表达的意思是：她说她喜欢科学并且擅长它。这是一个含有宾语从句的主从复合句，英语语法要求宾语从句的时态要受主句限制，这里主句是一般过去时，所以从句中需要把likes改为liked。
93. 解题方法：根据画线单词所在句子可以 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )判断，本句要表达的意思是：每年夏天，她和她的父母一起旅行。“和某人一起”在这里属于介词结构，表示伴随，应该用 with；而and连接的应该是并列的成分。所以需要把and改为with。
94. 解题方法：根据画线单词所在句子 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )可以判断，本句要表达的意思是：在所有她参观过的地点当中…。place是可数名词，在这里应该用复数形式，所以需要把place改为places。
95. 解题方法：根据画线单词所在 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )句子可以判断，本句要表达的意思是：…她最喜欢巴黎，因为它既现代又漂亮。句子后面的从句的内容应该是原因，而不是结果，所以需要把so改为because。
96. 解题方法：根据画线单词所在句子可 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )以判断，本句要表达的意思是：她了解到中国是一个具有五千年历史的又大又美丽的国家。Large是一个以辅音音素开头的单词，前面不定冠词应该用a, 所以需要把an改为a。
97. 解题方法：根据画线 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )单词所在句子可以判断，本句要表达的意思是：今年七月，她将去北京…。That July是表示过去的“那个七月”，不能与一般将来时句子连用。所以需要把That改为This。
98. 解题方法：根据画线单词 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )所在句子可以判断，本句要表达的意思是：…和她的父母一起乘飞机去北京。用介词结构表达“乘某种交通工具”时，介词用by，所以需要把on改为by。
99. 解题方法：根据画 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )线单词所在句子可以判断，本句要表达的意思是：我确信我将带他们参观北京。这里“他们”在句中做宾语，应该用宾格形式，所以需要把they改为them。
100. 解题方法：根据画线单词所在句子可以 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )判断，本句要表达的意思是：我确信他们在中国会度过愉快的时光。表达“过得愉快”应该用have a good time，这里good是形容词，修饰名词time，而well 一般用作副词，所以需要把well改为good。
Passage 9 （2015贵州贵阳）
阅读短文，根据短文内容完成文后的句子。
The Silk Road
The routes
For centuries, the Silk Road was the most important line of communication connecting East and West．Although the Silk Road covered a huge distance linking modern day Xi’an with the Middle East and Europe, today one area in particular is associated most closely with the name of the Silk Road．This are is Xinjiang in Northwest China, through which two major routes of the Silk Road passed on the northern and southern side of the Taklamakan desert．
The name
The Silk Road got its name in the 19th century when a German geographer identified it as the route through which the Romans got their silk from China．However, silk wasn’t the only thing that passed along the Silk Road; anything that had buyers was traded along the road．Goods were traded from market to market passing through many hands before they reached their final destinations．
Buddhism
The Silk Road was not just the route through which goods were carried．It was also important for the exchange of ideas．Buddhism from India entered China along the Silk Road and had a huge influence on Chinese culture．Greek art styles were popular along the Silk Road and gave Buddhist statues in Northern India classical Western faces．These styles from Northern India were also found in Xinjiang．
The people
One of China’s famous monks, Xuan Zang, followed the Silk Road in the 6th century to collect Buddhist scriptures from India．Around 600 years later, one of Europe’s famous travelers, Marco Polo, entered China along the Silk Road．Both Xuan Zang and Marco Polo left detailed records of their journeys along the Silk Road．
The Silk Road today
Today, the Xinjiang Autonomous Region remains an international crossroad where traders from surrounding countries, and tourists from all over the world regularly meet．Trade in precious stones, food, drinks, crafts, art, and of course, silk, continues, too．
1.For centuries, the Silk Road was the most important line of communication which connected ___．
2.The Silk Road was named by ______ after he found the route that Romans got silk from China．
3.The Silk Road was not only the route for trade but also an important route for ______．
4.Xuan Zang and Marco Polo did a lot in ______ of their journeys along the Silk Road．
5.According to the passage, today ____ is still an important international crossroad on the Silk Road．
试题解析：
1. 根据文章第一段第一句For centuries, the Silk Road was the most important line of communication
connecting East ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )and West．可知答案是East and West。
2. 根据文章第二段第一句The Silk Road got its name in the 19th century when a German geographer
identified it as th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e route through which the Romans got their silk from China．可知答案是a
German Geographe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r。
3. 根据文章第三段前两句The Silk Road was not just the route through which goods were carried．It
was also importan ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t for the exchange of ideas．可知答案是the exchange of ideas。
4. 根据文章第四段最后一句Both Xuan Zang and Marco Polo left detailed records of their journeys
along the Silk Road ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )．可知答案是leaving detailed records。
5. 根据文章第五段第一句Today, the Xinjiang Autonomous Region remains an international
crossroad where traders from surrounding countries, 可知答案是Xinjiang。
Passage 10 （2015山东青岛）
请根据图表和文字信息，完成短文。每空不超过两个词。（每空1分，共5分）
Amount of Electricity Used
This graph show th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e amount(数量) of electricity used in a small city. It is clear that the city uses more
electricity in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) ___ than in ____ . In summer, people use the most electricity at 12 p.m. This is probably _____ the high temperature at noon. In winter, people use the most electricity at ______ . The graph also shows the amount of electricity used _____ from 6 a.m. to 12 p.m. The amount of electricity use decreases (减少)from 6 p.m. to 12 a.m.
试题解析：
第一空：根据空格前面的介词in确定空格应该填名词，由图表可看出应该填winter，in winter是“在冬天”的意思。
第二空：根据空格前面的介词in确定空格应该填名词，由图表可看出应该填summer，in summer是“在夏天”的意思。
第三空：对照前句In sum ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mer, people use the most electricity at 12 p.m.与本句可知，本句是解释前句提到的用电量最多的原因，由于空格后面是名词结构，所以这里应该填because of。
第四空：根据空格前面的介词at确定空格应该填名词，结合前面的句式，可知这里应该填某个时间点，由图表可看出答案是6p.m。
第五空：对照后句The amount of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) electricity use decreases (减少)from 6 p.m. to 12 a.m.中的decrease(减少)，可以确定第五空的词性是动词，而且意思与其相反，因此可以确定答案是increase(增加)
Passage 10 （2015内蒙古通辽）
Animals are people’s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )friends. But many of the wild animals are facing the danger of dying out. The Siberian tiger is one of them. Siberian tigers can be found in forests in parts of Siberian and Northern China. The tigers are becoming extinct（灭绝） because people hurt many of them and are destroying their living places.?
Another animal in da ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nger is the Tibetan antelope（藏羚羊）. In the early 1990s, there were millions of Tibetan antelopes in China, but by the 1990s the number of them had fallen to about 50，000. People hunt the antelopes for their wool. The wool of the antelope is soft, light and warm, and is very expensive all over the world. Hunters can make a lot of money by selling their wool. The Chinese people have begun to protect the animals and seem to be winning. Now the number of the Tibetan antelopes is rising.?
It’s important ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to protect the world animals. Now many wild zoos have been built in China. In the zoos we can see the animals we have heard of but have never seen. I think we can make friends with them by taking care of them.
根据短文内容，补全表格，每空一词。
What happened to animals Many of the wild animals are facing the danger of 66.
Animals in danger The Siberian ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) tigers are becoming extinct because people hurt many of them and their 67. are being destroyed.
In the early ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 1990s, there were 68. Tibetan antelopes in China, but by the 1990s the number of them had fallen to about 50,000, people hunt them for 69.
To protect the world animals Now in China, people have built many 70.
试题解析：
66. 根据文章开头第二句But many ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of the wild animals are facing the danger of dying out. 可以直接确定答案是dying out。
67. 根据文章第一段尾句The tige ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rs are becoming extinct（灭绝） because people hurt many of them and are destroying their living places. 可以直接确定答案是living places。
68. 根据文章第二段第二句In ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the early 1990s, there were millions of Tibetan antelopes in China, 可以直接确定答案是millions of。
69. 根据文章第二段第三句People ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hunt the antelopes for their wool. 可以直接确定答案是their wool。
70. 根据文章第三段第二句Now ma ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ny wild zoos have been built in China. 可以直接确定答案是wild zoos。
一．中考阅读理解题命题特点：
阅读理解题是中考英语的测试重点，也是中考 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )英语试题中卷面分值最高的一种题型，在各地中考试卷中约占30％的比例。一般设三到四篇短文，试题采用“根据所给阅读材料判断正误”“根据要求完成下列各题”“选择最佳答案”或“回答问题”等多种形式。纵观近年来全国各地中考阅读题，其体裁多样，有记叙文、议论文、说明文、应用文（信函、请柬、通知、便条、表格、图表、广告、图示和标志等）；所选材料内容广泛，涉及文化、环境、科普、社会、政治、经济、历史等众多领域。文章的题材宽泛，体裁富于变化，形式多种多样。其特点是：时代气息浓，可读性强，理解难度较高。
阅读理解题主要是考查学生通过阅读获取信息、 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )分析信息和处理信息的能力，既要抓住文章的主旨，又要抓住细节；既要理解具体事实，又要理解抽象概念；既要理解文章字面意思，又要挖掘意图，揣摩隐藏在字里行间的内涵；既要理解全篇的逻辑关系，又要理解某些细节的意思，并且在读懂句子和文章的基础上，将所读文章进行判断、分析和推理。概括的说就是这类题注重考查阅读技能，包括理解短文大意、了解具体细节、通过上下文猜测词义、归纳篇章大意，以及推断或理解的态度和意图等。考生不仅要具有准确获得信息的能力，还要具有透过文章表层意思理解文章隐含意义的能力。这样才能抓住中心思想，作出正确的判断。试题涉及掌握语篇主旨，事实细节、深层含义、推理判断、猜测词义等多方面的阅读能力考查。设题通常考虑以下五个方面。
1. 直观性问题。直接引用原文中的语句或根据短文中原语句稍加改动而编成。
2. 常识性问题。考查学生依据短文信息，并根据自己所具备的一般常识作出判断的题型．
3. 理解性问题。考查学生对文章的中心思想，某段的段落大意，某一事实的细节及意图等的理解程度。
4. 推理性问题。这类题需在深刻理解短文后，再经过推理判断才能选出正确答案。
5. 概括性问题。要求考生在阅读和理解全文 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的基础上对文章做出归纳、概括或评价。此类考查主旨和大意的题大多数针对段落(或短文)的主题思想，标题或目的。
二、阅读理解题命题的测试要求：
1、理解文章的主旨大意：考 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )查掌握所读材料的主旨和大意的能力。此类试题大多数针对段落（或短文）的主题、主题思想、标题或目的。其主要提问方式有：
1). Which is the best title of the passage
2). Which of the following is this passage about
3). Passage Two is mainly about _________.
4). In this passage, the writer mainly tells us _______.
5). What’s the main idea of the passage
2、理解文章的具体细节: 考查把握文章的事实和细节的能力。此类试题占比例较大，大多针对文章具体细节设计。其主要提问方式有：
1). Which is RIGHT according to the passage
2). According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE
3). In the second paragraph, we know ____________.
4). Which isn’t men ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tioned about the main reason why teenagers surf the Web
5). The writer of the letter is ____.
3、根据上下文推测生词的含义：考察 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )根据上下文猜测生词的含义的能力。此类猜测词义的题目要求考生根据文章中的上下文确定某一特定的词或短语的准确含义。其主要提问方式有：
1). The word “*” in this passage probably means ________.
2). The underlined words “We three” in Passage 2 refer to _______.
3). What does the underlined word “*” mean in this passage
4). The Chinese m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eaning of the word “*” in this passage is probably “____”.
5). What’s the meaning of the underlined word “*”
4、做出简单的判断和推理：考察依据文章内容和 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )考生应具备的常识进行推理和判断的能力。此类题目文章中没有明确的答案，需要考生在理解全文的基础上进行推理和判断。其主要提问方式有：
1). We can guess the writer of the letter may be a ______.
2). From the story we can guess ________.
3). You can't visit the History Museum on .
4). According to this passage, we can infer(推断) that ______.
5). We can infer from the text that _______.
5、理清指代关系：考察考生依据文章或段落的上下文对其中人物，事件等的发展变化的整体把握能力。其主要提问方式有：
1). What does the word "it" mean in Paragraph l
2). The underlined word “them” means the ______.
3). In this story the underlined word “it” means _______.
4). 请根据短文内容，用英语表达 ①处划线单词his 所指代的内容。
6、理解文章的脉络结构：考 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )察对阅读材料全篇的逻辑关系的理解，对文章各段，各句之间的逻辑关系的理解能力。此类题目主要考察的是句与句之间，段与段之间的逻辑关系。其主要提问方式有：
1). Which wa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y is the cheapest and quickest to learn something about friends far away
2). For the writer, what’s the best advice to manage time
3). Ann does well i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n English and loves children. She can ca11 _ to ask for a job.
4). How many pieces of advice does the writer give
5). What lesson did the writer’s grandfather probably teach him
7、推测作者的写作意图和态度等：考察考生根据全文内容推测作者的写作意图和态度的能力。其主要提问方式有：
1). How did the writer feel at Vienna Station
2). In the writer’s opinion, _______.
3). In this passage, the writer tried to tell us ________.
4). What’s the purpose of the passage
5). The writer believes that ______.
三、阅读理解题型分析及解题方法
中考英语阅读理解要求考生对阅读材料从词 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )汇、句子到段落、语篇均有准确的理解和把握。对阅读理解题的考察方式各地虽有不同，但考察的目的大体一致。常用方式有：
1. 四选一的选择题方式。常见的形 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )式有：选择所给问题的最佳答案；选择适当的表达完成句子的形式等等。包括①具体信息题；②细节理解题；③词义猜测题；④逻辑推理题；⑤归纳概括题等等。
2. 判断正误题方式。即根据文章内容对所 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )给句子判断正误（T/F或A/B）。在中考英语中，正误判断题通常放在所有阅读理解试题的第一篇，一般难度较小。所设题目都是陈述事实，可以从原文中直接找到判断依据，不出现疑问句形式。做这一类试题的解题思路是：①首先阅读原文，理清文章脉络，理解文章主旨大意，扑捉基本信息；②审读题目，理解题干，回读原文，找到相关内容，依据文章内容对所给出的句子进行判断；③重读原文，对每个题目进行检查，对一些似是而非的题目认真识别，确定答案。
3. 还原句子题方式。即从所给的句子 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )中选取合适的句子补到文章中的空缺位置，使文章内容完整。可以是七选五的形式，也可以是五选五的形式。语句还原题是近年来中考英语试题中阅读理解试题的新题型，一些学生由于对此类试题不熟悉，做题时感到无从下手。做这一类试题的解题思路是：①首先通读原文，把握文章整体，了解文章大意；②认真分析选项内容，理解选项句意；③根据所给空格的位置，判断选项特征，瞻前顾后，前后对照，逐句推敲。可能需要根据前句内容判断后句，或后句内容判断前句，也可能要根据前后句内容判断中间句。如果是首句或尾句，可能是概括总结内容的句子。④重读文章，验证答案。即把选项填入空格，通读文章，如果文章意思通顺，逻辑关系清晰，无前后矛盾等现象，即可确定答案。
4. 任务型阅读题方式。即以任务的形式 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )来考察考生对文章内容的理解。常见形式有：英译汉；连词成句；简要回答问题；从文中找近义词、句等等。任务型阅读理解题是一种介于阅读理解和写作之间的综合性新题型。要求考生在理解文章文字材料的基础上，完成各种不同的任务。主要考察考生收集信息和整理信息的语言应用能力。做这一类试题的解题思路是：①首先阅读原文，理清文章脉络，理解文章主旨大意，扑捉基本信息；②由于任务形式多样，考生在答题前要先明确任务，做到心中有数；③答题时要紧扣原文，读懂题干，对应原文信息，找出所需要的答案；④注重书写，按英语要求认真书写答案。
完成阅读理解题可以根据所设题目采用不同的解题方法。常见方法有：
①直接查找法：适用于具体信息题 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )和细节理解题。具体信息题和细节理解题是中考英语阅读理解的主要题型，它要求考生对原文事实和细节有准确的认识和判断，一般情况下，细节理解题的解题依据均可在原文中直接找到，因此考生应认真阅读题干内容，弄清题干的实际需要，并带着这一需要回读原文，查找到所需信息完成试题。
②逻辑推断法：适用于逻辑推理题。一些试 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )题所需信息原文并不直接提供，考生应认真阅读分析题干内容，了解试题所问信息角度，并带上试题认识回到原文查找答题所需信息，然后在把握文章主旨大意、作者意图、写作目的和主人公情感的基础上将这一信息进行概念转换、思维迁移和逻辑推理，从而准确推断出试题答案。
③概括归纳法：适用于归纳概括题。一些试题考 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )察考生对文章、段落和部分内容大意的理解，考生应认真阅读分析题干内容，弄清需要归纳大意的范围。如果是文章大意判断题，考生应认真阅读原文，弄清作者要介绍什么，是如何介绍的，从而准确了解原文主旨大意。文章的首句或末句往往是阅读重点，是主题句，即文章主旨大意之所在。理解段落大意也同样要重视首句和末句。另外，理解段落或部分内容大意时，考生应认真思考细致分析该部分内容在全文中处于什么阶段，起什么作用，从而准确理解其主旨大意。
④标题判断法：适用于归纳概括 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )题。阅读理解题中经常见到要求考生选择文章的标题的试题，一般放在第一题或最后一题的位置。众所周知，标题应该体现全文的精神实质，因此必须具备高度的概括性；但是标题又不能过分概括泛化而失去对本文的指向性，因此它还必须具备一定的针对性；另外，标题还应吸引读者的目光，打动读者的内心，具有一定的醒目性。所以，只要坚持这三个原则，就可以快速准确地确定文章的标题。
⑤语境推断法：适用于逻辑推理题和词义猜 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )测题。中考英语阅读理解还非常注重对文章中一些典型难句的理解，这些难句往往运用典故、引用、比喻等手段来表达主人公或作者特殊观点或情感，语义深沉，委婉含蓄，其中出现的一些词汇或不是常见的词汇的含义，解题时应借助临近语境对其进行的解释说明来猜测推断其含义。
⑥背景信息法：适用于词义猜测题。少数阅 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )读理解试题考察考生对生词的理解，考生应认真阅读分析生词所在句以及临近句的背景信息，利用定语解释、对比、条件、递进、并列、让步、因果等逻辑关系，结合构词法知识和生活常识综合推断生词含义。
1. 选择型阅读理解题中考真题解析：
（A）(2015青海西宁)
In the ancient Arabi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )c story called Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves, the young hero Ali Baba said "Open Sesame" and a door to hidden treasures was opened to him. The old story had a special meaning for Ma Yun. He drew inspiration from it for - Chinese largest e-commerce（电子商务）website.
In 1995, Ma Yun was wo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rking for a US trading company（公司）when he was introduced to the Internet. "I know nothing about computers and has never touched a keyboard," he said. He searched the word "beer" and nothing came up about Chinese products.
Ma Yun had an idea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ). Why not build a large Internet market to connect customers with companies from all over the world They could do business online in that way. That was how Alibaba began. His company grew quickly. But that didn't mean everything went smoothly. In 2000, many Internet companies failed including Alibaba. But later, he was successful because he managed to attract(吸引) investment（投资）into his company. "You should stick to your dream," he said. "Everyone thought I was daydreaming when I started. But the most important thing is that we believe in our dream from past to today and tomorrow. Of course we made many mistakes, but we never give up."
Ma Yun is also smar ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t. For him, success in business is like trying to catch a rabbit. If there are nine rabbits, focus on catching one - don't try to catch them all," he said. "Change your ways if you need to, but don't change the rabbit. Get one first, put it in your pocket and then catch the others."
51. What does the word "it" mean in Paragraph l
A. The young hero Ali Baba. B. The phrase "Open Sesame".
C. The website. D. The old story.
52. From Paragraph 2, we know that Ma Yun ______.
A. was introduced to the Internet in 1995 B. was working in America
C. decided to buy an ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d sell Chinese beer D. bought a keyboard from Internet
53. What happened to Ma Yun in 2000
A. He founded his ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) own company. B. His company grew quickly and smoothly.
C. His company fai ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )led like many others. D. He was successful though he had no investment.
54. Which is RIGHT according to the passage
A. We should always daydream like Ma Yun.
B. We should never give up hope like Ma Yun.
C. Ma Yun seldom made mistakes.
D. People should tr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y to put nine rabbits in their pockets at the same time
55. What is the main idea of the passage
A. Ma Yun's tr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )easures. B. The importance of working hard.
C. The secret ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s of Ma Yun's success. D. Ma Yun's hobby - catching rabbits
试题解析：
51. 【解题方法】逻辑推断法。这是一个需 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )要理清指代关系的题目，属于逻辑推理题。运用逻辑推断法和语境推断法，结合上句内容，可以确定it指代的是上句出现的the old story，故答案是D。
52. 【解题方法】直接查找法。这是一个需要 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )理解文章具体细节的题目，属于细节理解题。运用直接查找法，从第二段第一句话In 1995, Ma Yun was working for a US trading company（公司）when he was introduced to the Internet.中就可以得出答案，故答案是A。
53. 【解题方法】直接查找法。这是一个需要 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )理解文章具体细节的题目，属于具体信息题。运用直接查找法，从第三段In 2000, many Internet companies failed including Alibaba.这句话可以直接确定答案为C。
54. 【解题方法】直接查找 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )法。这是一个需要理解文章具体细节的题目，属于细节理解题。运用直接查找法，从第三段内容可以排除A和C，从第四段内容可以排除D，故答案是B。
55. 【解题方法】概括归纳法。 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )这是一个需要理解文章主旨大意的题目，属于归纳概括题。运用标题判断法和概括归纳法可以很容易得出答案，故答案是C。
（B）(2015辽宁丹东)
A Bite of China (舌尖上的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )中国) has become a hot topic on the Internet in China. It is a seven-episode(集) program. It is about traditional Chinese food.
The documentary has ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) attracted over 100,000,000 Chinese audiences(观众). Most of them don’t see this program as a common food show, because it shows them the value of Chinese food and the changes in China today. The audiences can see how hard the cooks and farmers work to make such wonderful Chinese food.
Chen Xiaoqing, th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e lead director of the program, says that the program is not only about eating, but also about Chinese culture. His friend Liu Wen said, “We also wanted to show international audiences what China is like today.”
“A Bite of China ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) will be out of English version(版本), ” said Chen Xiaoqing. “We should be thankful to the people who make so much delicious food.” added a reporter Wang Lu.
66. How many episodes are there in “A bite of China”
A. 4. B. 5. C. 6. D. 7.
67. What kind of program is “A Bite of China”
A. A soap opera. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. A comedy. C. A documentary. D. A sports show.
68. What’s the meaning of the underlined word “attracted”
A. 描述. B. 吸引. C. 产生. D. 改变.
69. Who works hard ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to make such wonderful Chinese food according to the passage
A. Farmers and reporters. B. Reporters and cooks.
C. Cooks and ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) farmers. D. Farmers and audiences.
70. Which of the following is true according to the passage
A. The lead director of the program is Wang Lu.
B. Most people regard this program as a show about reporters.
C. “A bite of Chi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )na” talks about not only food but also Chinese culture.
D. About 100 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ),000 Chinese audiences are interested in this program.
试题解析：
66. 【解题方法】直接查找法。这 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是一个需要理解文章具体细节的题目，属于细节理解题。运用直接查找法，从第一段第二句It is a seven-episode(集) program.“它是一个七集的节目”可知答案，故答案是D。
67. 【解题方法】逻辑推断法。 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )这是一个需要理清指代关系的题目，属于逻辑推理题。运用逻辑推断法和语境推断法，从第二段第一句The documentary has attracted over 100,000,000 Chinese audiences(观众).结合第一段内容可知The documentary指的就是上文提到的节目《舌尖上的中国》，故答案是C。
68. 【解题方法】背景信息法。这 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是一个需要推测生词的含义的题目，属于词义猜测题。运用背景信息法，结合语境推断法可知“这部纪录片已经吸引了超过一个亿的中国观众（观看）。”，故答案是B。
69. 【解题方法】直接查 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )找法。这是一个需要理解文章具体细节的题目，属于具体信息题。运用直接查找法，从第二段的最后一句The audiences can see how hard the cooks and farmers work to make such wonderful Chinese food. 可以得出答案，故答案是C。
70. 【解题方法】直接查找法 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。这是一个需要理解文章具体细节的题目，属于具体信息题。运用直接查找法，结合逻辑推断法，从第三段第一句…that the program is not only about eating, but also about Chinese culture. 可以得出答案，故答案是C。
2. 七选五还原句子阅读理解题中考真题解析（2015江西）
Hip-hop Planet
76 Countries like ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) France, Brazil and even Japan have their own hip-hop culture. But where did this strange speaking-singing style come from Many centuries ago, in West Africa, traditional storytellers played musical instruments while they were telling stories. When this tradition travelled from West Africa to the USA, it developed into different musical styles. For example, blues and jazz. 77 And in the 1970s, there were many poor areas in New York. There wasn’t any money for music lessons in schools, so kids made their own music. Teenagers Afrika and DJ Here played their records outside in the streets. Everybody joined in. MCs had rapping（说唱） competitions. Every week, there were talented new dancers, new DJs and new MCs. Hip-hop culture was born.
78 It was 19 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )80. I was at a party in New York. There was a young DJ at the party. He was playing records. While he was putting a record on, a kid picked up a microphone（话筒） and begantapping. Some other kids were break-dancing to the music. It was loud and boring, and I hated it. I preferred jazz.
79 Tod ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ay’s successful American artists like Missy and her friend Tim heard it on the radio when they were growing up.
The last tim ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e I heard hip-hop, I was in West Africa. 80 I was going to interview a traditional storyteller when I met a young hip-hop artist, he told me there are hundreds of rap groups in Africa today. We live on a hip-hop planet.
I remember the first time I heard hip-hop.You can find hip-hop everywhere you go.I was writing a book about African-Americans.Many Americans gave music lessons to poor children.These styles all started in poor African-American areas.During the 1980s, hip-hop became popular all over the USA.Some people don’t like hip-hop because of its spoken words.
试题解析：
76. 【解题方法】概括归纳法。从文 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )章第二句Countries like France, Brazil and even Japan have their own hip-hop culture.可以推断文章的首句应该是概括性的句子，并且联系到有关不同地点方面的意思，故答案是B。
77.【解题方法】语境推断法。根据空前 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的When this tradition travelled from West Africa to the USA, it developed into different musical styles. For example, blues and jazz.这两个句子谈论的都是有关音乐风格方面的事情可以得出答案，故答案是E。
78.【解题方法】概括归纳法。从整个第二 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )段内容可以判断，这是在介绍作者第一次接触hip-hop的情景，段落的第一句应该是本段的概括句，故答案是A。
79.【解题方法】直接查找法。从空后面 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的句子中…heard it on the radio…“…通过收音机听到它”可以判断，这时Hip-Hop很流行了，故答案是F。
80.【解题方法】逻辑推断法。根据空前后所给句子可以推断，这里需要表达“我当时正在做某事。”故答案是C。
3. 任务型阅读理解题中考真题解析：（2015 河北）
Many people believe th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at yellowing and wetness are the greatest enemy of stamps. In fact, stamps are afraid of not only wetness, but also light and dirty things. People protect their stamps in several different ways.
To protect stam ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ps, we should never touch the stamps with our hands. This avoids moving dirty things onto them. Stamp tweezers (镊子) should be used in all conditions.
Stamps are printe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d things. The colour will slowly disappear if the stamps are put in the light for a long time. So we should not put stamps in the light for long. Direct sunlight must be avoided as well.
Wetness is an ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )important problem for stamps. Some collectors will put stamps in separate plastic (塑料) bags. However, it is possible that some stamps have taken in some water from the air before they are put into the plastic bags. Stamps become yellow easily and rapidly after they take in wet air. To protect the stamps, some people also put the stamps into a special room which has a machine to keep the air cool and dry. However, not many people can afford that.
To keep stamps, stamp ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )collectors usually put them under plastic covers. It is a common and simple way. This helps because the plastic cover keeps the stamps off the wet air. It also stops the fingers from touching the stamps.
Some collectors prefe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r to store stamps inside a plastic box with desiccants(干燥剂). However, we should take care not to let the stamps touch the desiccants. On top of that, don't take your stamps out on a wet day.
71题完成句子；72~73题简略回答问题；74题找出并写下全文的主题句；75题将文中画线句子译成汉语。
71. One way to protect ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) stamps is that we should never touch them _____________
72. What will disappear if we put the stamps in the light for long
_______________________________________________________________
73. When do stamps become yellow easily and rapidly
_______________________________________________________________
74. _______________________________________________________________
75. _______________________________________________________________
试题解析：
71.【解题方法】直接查找法。 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )考虑题干中的we should never touch them ______，我们从文章第二段第一句话可以直接找到答案，答案是with our hands。
72.【解题方法】直接查找法。根据所给问题， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )在文章中找到第三段第二句话The colour will slowly disappear if the stamps are put in the light for a long time. 就可以直接找到答案，答案是The colour。
73.【解题方法】直接查找 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )法。根据所给问题，在文章中找到第四段第四句话Stamps become yellow easily and rapidly after they take in wet air. 就可以直接找到答案，答案是After they take in wet air.
74.【解题方法】概括归纳 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )法，标题判断法。纵观全文，从文章的第二段开始一直到第六段结束，都是在介绍保存邮票的各种不同方法，那么第一段就一定是文章的综述部分，而第一段的最后一句People protect their stamps in several different ways.就是全文的主题句。
75.【解题方法】语境推断法。根据所 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )给划线部分句子，结合前后语境，考虑句子开头的动词不定式短语在这里表目的，可以将其翻译为“为了保存邮票，集邮者（们）通常把它们（邮票）放在塑料封面下（边）。”
四、中考专题训练
Passage 1 (2015江苏扬州)
Jane Austen(1775-181 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )7), an English novelist, started writing young and completed six novels in her life. Today Austen’s books are more popular than ever. In the last 10 years, five of her six novels have been made into Hollywood films, while her books continue to be best-sellers.
Richard Jenkyns, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a professor of English at Oxford University, says that her novels are about marriage, friendships and the family, which are still with us today. “The stories are timeless,”Jenkyns said.
Pride and Prejudi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ce(偏见)(1813) is Austen’s most famous work. It is a love story about Elizabeth Bennet and Mr. Darcy. At first, these two dislike each other. Elizabeth is pretty, smart and lively. She is proud because Darcy doesn’t know about her family. Mr. Darcy is handsome, rich and has a better family background. So, he is proud as well. At the same time, Darcy holds a prejudice against the Bennet family. He has no understanding of why the family, especially its mother and daughters should try so hard to find wealthy and powerful husbands. He thinks they are vulgar. Anyway, Elizabeth and Darcy finally fall in love and become a romantic couple but their families don’t want them to.
In Pride and P ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rejudice, some of the main things that Jane Austen wants to teach people are as follows. Opposites can attract each other. Lovers should not only make each other feel relaxed or comfortable, but also educate and improve each other.
Austen was ofte ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n called the greatest romanti writer, so it is surprising she remained unmarried. “Maybe she was too romantic, waiting for the perfect man,” Jenkyns says.
34. From Paragraph 1and Paragraph 2, we can know .
A. Jane Austen passed away in her fifties
B. Austen’s works remain popular today
C. all of Austen’s works have been made into Hollywood films.
D. Austen’s works are mostly about war and the family.
35. Which of the following sentences is True
A. Elizabeth and Darcy fall in love at first sight.
B. Elizabeth has a better family background than Darcy.
C. Darcy has a first good impression of Elizabeth’s family.
D. Elizabeth and Darcy become a romantic couple in the end.
36. What does the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )underlined word”vulgar” in Paragraph 3 mean
A.粗俗的 B.鲁莽的 C.吝啬的 D.伪善的
37. From what Jenkyns says,we can learn __________.
A. opposites can attract each other
B. lovers should improve each other.
C. Austen’s works go beyond her times
D.Austen married a perfect man at last
试题解析：
34.【解题方法】直接查找法。这是一 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )道细节理解题，根据文章第一段第二句Today Austen’s books are more popular than ever.可以直接确定答案是B。另外，也可以考虑依据文章第一段Jane Austen(1775-1817)排除A；考虑five of her six novels have been made into Hollywood films排除C；根据第二段her novels are about marriage, friendships and the family排除D。故答案是B。
35.【解题方法】直接查找法。这是 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )一道具体信息题，从文章第三段最后一句中Elizabeth and Darcy finally fall in love and become a romantic couple可以直接判断答案是D。
36.【解题方法】背景信息法。这是一 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )道词义猜测题，分析单词“vulgar”所在句子前面的一些表达At the same time, Darcy holds a prejudice against the Bennet family. He has no understanding of why the family, especially its mother and daughters should try so hard to find wealthy and powerful husbands.中描述的“母女极力追求有钱有势的丈夫”的事实，可以判断答案是A。
37.【解题方法】语境推断法。根据 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )文章第二段Jenkyns 所说的话her novels are about …, which are still with us today.以及 “The stories are timeless,”，结合本文语境，可以判断答案是C。
Passage 2 (2014河北)
In today’s w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )orld of mobile phones, most people have at least one time-telling tool with them. Since these small machines are so common, will people stop wearing the 500-year-old watches According to some people, yes. A teenager says it’s unnecessary to wear a watch. Many young people agree-and use their mobile phones to tell time. Louis Galie, apresident, said that fewer young people wear watches today than five years ago.
However, wat ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )chmakers say that watches get popular again when people reach their 20s and 30s. By then, they want to spend money on a nice time-telling tool which doesn’t just keep a good time. For this reason, the watch industry has become an accessory business (配件业) in recent years.
Today’s ______ offer a lot of uses that meet the need of almost any personality (个性). They can be used as compasses (指南针), calendars, and even USB drivers…
People are alway ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s trying their best to creat new kinds of watches. A certain watchmaker business watches that don’t even look like watches. Their popular model uses different color lights to tell the time. Amother watchmaker business, make a “handless” watch, using a ring of circles to keep time. This watch makes people talk a lot about modern watches.
Whether a watch e ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )xpress fashion sense, creative ability of a love of sports, people want their time-telling tools to be beautiful, fashionable and practical. All in all, a watch has become more important than the time it tells.
76题完成句子；77题简略回答问题 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )；78题将文中横线处空缺的一个单词填写在下面的答题纸上；79题找出并写出全文的主题句；80题将文中画线句子译成汉语。
76. Many young peop ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )le agree that it’s unnecessary to __________________.
77. When do watches get popular again according to watchmakers
___________________________________________________________
78. ___________________________________________________________
79. ___________________________________________________________
80. ___________________________________________________________
试题解析：
76. 【解题方法】直接查找法。 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )这是一道细节理解题，从文章第一段第四句A teenager says it’s unnecessary to wear a watch. Many young people agree-and use their mobile phones to tell time.可以直接找到答案，答案是wear a watch，考虑主语Many young people，故答案也可以是复数形式wear watches。
77.【解题方法】直接查 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )找法。这是一道具体信息题，从文章第二段第一句watchmakers say that watches get popular again when people reach their 20s and 30s.可以直接找到答案，答案是When people reach their 20s and 30s, watches get popular again.。
78.【解题方法】语境推断法。这是一道逻辑推理题，根据本文的前后语境可知，谈论的都是有关 “手表”的事情。所以答案应该是watches。
79.【解题方法】概括归纳法。这是一个找 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )全文主题句的题，主题句应该是对全文思想的概括。纵观全文，最后一段应该是对全文的概括，而它的叙述方式是先分后总，最后一句话是中心句，可以作为本文的主题句。再考虑表达All in all“总而言之”，故答案是A watch has become more important than the time it tells.。
80.【解题方法】语境推断法。根 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )据所给划线部分句子，结合前后语境，考虑词组“try one’s best to do sth.”的意思是“努力/尽力做某事”可以将其翻译为“人们一直/总是在努力创造/设计/制造新型/种类的手表。”
Passage 3 (2013河北)
Cyril Dick’s hou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )se is neither a modern house nor a house of the future. It is 40 years old. There are more houses like that in the south of France. They are called “bubble houses”, and you can see why!
Cyril Dick is a designer and he loves round things. He collects old records and clocks. He also collects round furniture. And now he has a completely round house.
Everything in the “bubble house” is round. The centre of the house is one very big bubble. This is both the living room and dining room. There are round armchairs, a round table, and a big round rug(地毯) in front of a round fireplace. Around the living room are three small bubbles. One bubble is a kitchen with round shelves, another bubble is the garden room, and the third bubble is a music room. Upstairs there are two more bubbles—a bedroom and a bathroom.
The doors and windows are also round, of course. The window are like eyes. There aren’t any curtains(窗帘) in the house, because Cyril likes to see the garden all the time.
Bubble houses are the idea of a Hungarian architect(建筑师), Antti Lovag. “A lot of modern houses are bad for us, especially tall buildings of flats,” says Lovag. “Because round homes are more natural, people feel happy in them.” Cyril agrees with this. “Some people think my house is funny,” he says, “but for me, this is the perfect home.”
76题判断正误（“T”表示正确，“F”表示错误）；77题完成句子；78题简略回答问题；79题找出并写下第三段的主题句；80题将文中画线句子译成汉语。
76. You can find more “bubble houses” in the south of France. 【 】
77. Cyril Dick is a designer and he loves _____________________________________.
78. What is the third bubble around the living room
____________________________________________________________________.
79. __________________________________ ___________________________________
80. _____________________________________________________________________。
试题解析：
76.【解题方法】直接查 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )找法。这是一道细节理解题，从文章第一段后两句话There are more houses like that in the south of France. They are called “bubble houses”,可以判断本题答案是T。
77. 【解题方法】直接查找法 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。这是一道具体信息题，从文章第二段第一句话Cyril Dick is a designer and he loves round things.可以直接找到答案round things。
78.【解题方法】直接查找法。 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )这是一道具体信息题，从文章第三段第五、六句话Around the living room are three small bubbles. One bubble is a kitchen with round shelves, another bubble is the garden room, and the third bubble is a music room. 可以直接找到答案A music room.。
79.【解题方法】概括归纳法。这是 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )一个找段落主题句的题，主题句应该是对全段内容的概括。纵观整个段落，是先总后分的叙述方式，开头第一句应该是对全段的概括，也就是主题句。故答案是Everything in the “bubble house” is round.。
80.【解题方法】语境推断法。根据所给划 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )线部分句子，结合前后语境，考虑连词结构Because … “因为…所以…”可以将其翻译为“因为圆形的家/房子更自然，（所以）人们（居住/生活）在里面感到快乐/幸福。”
Passage 4 (2015陕西)
阅读下面一篇短文，判断下列句子是否符合短文内容，符合的用“A”表示，不符合的用“B”表示。（共5小题，计5分）
Edinburgh, the c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )apital city of Scotland, is famous for its festivals. There are twelve festivals around the year. Half of them are celebrated during the months of July and August.Thousands of people visit it. Here are some of the events（公开活动）you can enjoy in Edinburgh.
Edinburgh International Festival
The first Edinburgh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) International Festival was planned during World War II for artists to find hope and communicate with each other. Later, actors, musicians, dancers and singers from all over the world came over to give performances.
Edinburgh Festival Fringe
This is one of the l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )argest art festival in the world. There are thousands of shows across the city. It was first held as a supplement（补充）to the Edinburgh International Festival. Then it developed very well. Anyone can perform in the festival and many artists take part in it. During the festival, you can go to the Royal Mile to watch performances for free.
Edinburgh International Book Festival
It began in 19 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )83. It is the largest book festival in the world. It is held every year in Charlotte Square Gardens in the center of Edinburgh. There are over 700 events for kids and adults who love books. You can meet many writers, talk to them or ask them to sign a book. Kids also like it because they can listen to stories and watch artists draw pictures of the stories.
In Edinburgh, six festivals are celebrated in July and August.
We can watch ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) performances for free in the Royal Mile during the Edinburgh Festival Fringe.
The first Edinburgh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )International Festival was planned for artists to give performances.
The Edinburgh Inter ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )national Festival is a supplement to Edinburgh Festival Fringe.
Kids like the Edinb ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )urgh International Book Festival because they can watch artists draw their
favorite pictures.
试题解析：
41. 解题方法：直接查找法。这 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是一道细节理解题，从第一段第二句话There are twelve festivals around the year.可知，在爱丁堡每年有十二个节日。而第三句Half of them are celebrated during the months of July and August.提到其中一半在七八月份，故答案是A。
42. 解题方法：直接查找 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )法。这是一道具体信息题，从第三段最后一句话During the festival, you can go to the Royal Mile to watch performances for free.可以直接找到答案，故答案是A。
43. 解题方法：直接查找法。这是 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )一道具体信息题，依据第二段第一句话The first Edinburgh International Festival was planned during World War II for artists to find hope and communicate with each other.可知本句描述有误，故答案是B。
44. 解题方法：直接查找法 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。这是一道具体信息题，依据第三段第三句话It was first held as a supplement（补充）to the Edinburgh International Festival.可知本句描述时把两个节日颠倒了，故答案是B。
45. 解题方法：直接查找法。这是一道 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )具体信息题，依据第四段最后一句话Kids also like it because they can listen to stories and watch artists draw pictures of the stories.可知，孩子们喜欢的是观看艺术家们画那些故事的画，可知本句描述有误，故答案是B。
Passage 5 (2015山东青岛)
Where is the true home of hamburger
The kind of beef ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) we see in hamburgers , minced(切碎)beef, was possibly invented by Mongolians over 800 years ago. But who first put the beef between pieces of bread and called it a hamburger Three different cities in the United States all say that they were the first to invent America’s favorite food.
Some pe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ople say that Fletcher Davis, from Athens, invented hamburgers. “Old Dave,” as people called him, was selling minced beef sandwiches in his lunch bar as early as the 1880s. Some years later, they say that a group of Germans called①his sandwich a “hamburger” because people from the German city of Hamburger ate this kind of beef.
Other people beli ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eve that the hamburger came from a different American city.②coincidentally, its name was also Hamburg. The Menches brothers were selling pork sandwiches at a fair in 1885, but when there was no more pork, they used minced beef and gave it a new name, the “hamburger”.
The third ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )possible inventor of the hamburger was Charlie Nagreen, also known as “Hamburger Charlie,” from Seymour. He said that in 1885 he invented the world’s first hamburgers. Seymour now celebrates the invention of the hamburger every year. In 1989, it was the home of the world’s largest ever burger—over 2,500kg!
任务一 请根据短文内容，完成句子。每空一词。（2分）
There are three Amer ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ican cities in this passage. They are Athens, ____ And _____ .
When there was n ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o more ____ at the1885 fair, the Menches brothers used minced beef ______ .
任务二 请根据短文内容，用英语表达 ①处划线单词his 所指代的内容。（1分）
任务三 请根据短文内容，猜 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )测②处划线单词coincidentally 的中文意思。 将其字母代号填写在答题卡上。（1分） A. 幸运地 B. 碰巧地 C. 相反地
任务四 请根据短文内容， 回答问题。（1分）
How often i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s the invention of the hamburger celebrated in Seymour
__________________________________ .
任务五 请从文中找出与Mon ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )golians possibly invented minced beef a long time ago. 意思相近的句子。（1分）
任务六 请用英语简要概括出本文的主旨大意，不超过10个词。（2分）
It ‘s mainly about ______________ .
试题解析：
任务一：1.解题方法：直接查找法。这是一道 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )细节理解题，从文章第三段的第二句：its name was also Hamburg.和第四段的第一句：Charlie Nagreen, also known as “Hamburger Charlie,” from Seymour.可知答案是Hamburg和Seymour。
2. 解题方法：直接查找法。 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )这是一道具体信息题，第四段的最后一句：when there was no more pork, they used minced beef. 据句意可知：牛肉代替猪肉，instead意为:代替，而且可以放在句尾。
任务二：解题方法：背景信息法。 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )这是一道需要理清指代关系的题，从第二段的第一句：Some people say that Fletcher Davis, from Athens, invented hamburgers.可知人们认为是Fletcher Davis发明了汉堡包。结合接下来的几句话可知，他实际上卖的是夹碎牛肉的三明治，后来被来自汉堡的德国人叫做汉堡包。所以这里his指的是Fletcher Davis’s。
任务三：解题方法：背景信息法。这是一 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )道词义猜测题，从文章第三段的第二句：its name was also Hamburg. 这里的also表明：德国有个城市叫hamburger, 而美国也有一个城市叫hamburg. 因此可以猜出coincidentally 的中文意思是：碰巧的，故答案是B。
任务四：解题方法：直接查找法。这是 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )一道具体信息题，从文章第四段的第三句：Seymour now celebrates the invention of the hamburger every year. 中可以直接找到答案，故答案是Every year。
任务五：解题方法：直接查找法。认真理解所给 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )句子的意思，就可以从文章的第一段的第一句：The kind of beef we see in hamburgers, minced beef, was possibly invented by Mongolians over 800 years ago.（我们看到的汉堡包里的这种牛肉，碎牛肉，可能是蒙古人800年前发明的）直接找到答案。故答案是The kind of beef we see in hamburgers , minced(切碎)beef, was possibly invented by Mongolians over 800 years ago.
任务六：解题方法：概括归纳法。这是 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )一道概括文章主旨大意的题，从文章的标题Where is the true home of hamburger 和第一段的最后一句：Three different cities in the United States all say that they were the first to invent America’s favorite food.可知，本文是要探究汉堡包的真正发源地，故答案是the true home of hamburger
Passage 6 (2015湖南长沙)
Have you ever heard ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of e-waste(electric waste,电子垃圾), which can be produced every day How do you deal with your computers, MP4 players and mobile phones when they’re broken or you want a new one
Most people just ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) throw them away. With the development of electric industry, e-waste pollution has become a serious problem. According to the United Nations, in 2014, people around the world produced 41.8 million tons of e-waste and only recycled 6.5 million tons. The US was the biggest waster, producing 7.1 million tons. China came second, with 6 million tons.
It’s important to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )pay attention to e-waste. It can either be valuable or harmful（有害的）, depending on how we deal with it. E-waste is a valuable urban mine（城市矿藏）. The value of the metals, like gold and silver in the waste around the world, is amazing. And the metals can be reused. But if people throw them away, the toxic chemicals（有毒化学物质） can get into the earth or air, effecting the environment and people’s health.
Apple, for ex ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ample, now recycle people’s used products in China when they are buying new ones. The company will test and repair the used ones and sell them at lower prices. To help reduce（减少）e-waste, we can also take computers and phones to see if companies offer recycling programs.
56. The following can become e-waste EXCEPT_____.
A. computers B. mobile phones C. plastic bags
57. Which country p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )roduced most e-waste last year according to the United Nations
A. America. B. China. C. Japan.
58. What does the underline word “affecting” mean in this passage
A. 保护 B. 影响 C. 改善
59. From Paragraph 4, we learn that_____.
A. the recycle Apple products will be sold at higher prices.
B. buying longer lasti ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng electronic products is a good way to reduce e-waste.
C. it’s better to keep the unwanted electronics in your bedroom.
60. The main purpose of this passage is to_____.
A. prove that e-waste is useless.
B. encourage people to buy more electronic products.
C. advise people to deal with e-waste properly to reduce pollution.
试题解析：
56. 解题方法：直接查找法。这是一道 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )具体信息题。根据题干except“除了、不包括”的词义可知，我们要选跟题干不相符合的内容。而从文章第一段第二句中…computers, MP4 players and mobile phones when they’re broken or you want a new one 看出C选项与该句中的MP4 players and mobile phone不属于一类，所以答案为C（塑料袋子）。本题也可以运用背景信息法，根据常识直接选出答案。
57. 解题方法：直接查 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )找法。这是一道细节理解题。根据题干定位到第二段According to the United Nations, in 2014, people around the world produced 41.8 million tons of e-waste and only recycled 6.5 million tons. The US was the biggest waster, producing 7.1 million tons.再根据背景信息法，知道US就是America，即可得出答案，所以答案为A。
58. 解题方法：语境推断法，背景信息 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )法。这是一道词义猜测题。根据关键词定位到the toxic chemicals（有毒化学物质） can get into the earth or air, effecting the environment and people’s health，有毒化学物质会进入到了土壤和空气中，根据因果关系，所以对环境和人们的健康肯定是有影响的。所以答案为B。
59. 解题方法：直接查找法 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，逻辑推断法。这是一道细节理解题。根据第四段内容…sell them at lower prices推断，A选项错误在higher；而C选项文章没有提及到，所以答案为B。
60. 解题方法：概括归 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )纳法。这是一道对本文作者的写作意图进行归纳总结的题。本篇文章体裁是议论文，那么文章一开始是以问题提问，全文的描述都是来回答这个问题的。根据第二段和第三段的开头句和最后一段，是需要去保护环境，不要乱丢电子垃圾，与选项答案一致的是C选项。
Passage 7 （2015贵州铜仁）
Long long ag ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o, there was no paper in the world. People had to write characters(汉字) in bamboo slips or stones.Then there was a man named Cai Lun who was a Chinese man. He made people use all kinds of things to invent paper. From then on, people can use paper to write on. Paper is a great invention. We always remember the great inventor Cai Lun. Nowadays paper is very useful in our work, study and our life. It really means a lot to human beings.
根据短文内容，判断下列句子的正 (A)与误 (B)，并在答题卡的相应位置将其涂黑。
66. Long long ago, there was paper in the world.
67. Cai Lun was a Chinese man.
68. Paper is a great invention.
69. Nowadays paper isn’t very useful in our work, study and our life
70. It really means a lot to human beings
试题解析：
66. 解题方法：直接查找法。这是一道具体信 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )息题。根据所给题干从原文的第一句Long long ago, there was no paper in the world.可知答案，故答案是B。
67. 解题方法：直接查找法。这是一道 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )细节理解题。根据所给题干从原文的第三句Then there was a man named Cai Lun who was a Chinese man.可知答案，故答案是A。本题也可以运用背景信息法，根据读者的常识知识直接得出答案。
68. 解题方法：直接查找法。这是一道具体信 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )息题。根据所给题干定位原文中的句子Paper is a great invention. 可知答案，故答案是A。
69. 解题方法：直接查找 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )法。这是一道细节理解题。根据所给题干定位原文中的句子Nowadays paper is very useful in our work, study and our life. 可知答案，故答案是B。
70. 解题方法：直接查找 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )法。这是一道具体信息题。根据所给题干定位原文中的最后一个句子It really means a lot to human beings.可知答案，故答案是A。
Passage 8 （2015贵州铜仁）
下列短文的划线部分是错误的，请将其正确答案书写在答题卡卷Ⅱ各小题规定的位置。
Linda is my friend. Sh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e is 15 year old. I got an e-mail 91. __________
from her yesterday. S ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he said she likes science and was good at it. 92. __________
Every summer she trav ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eled and her parents. She said traveling 93. __________
was an important part ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) in her life. Of all the place she visited， 94. __________
she likes Paris best so it was modern and beautiful. 95. __________
She learnt that Ch ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ina is an large and beautiful country 96. __________
with a history of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )5,000 years. That July she will go to Beijing 97. __________
with her pare ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nts on plane. They will stay in Beijing for a week 98. __________
I am sure I will show they around Beijing. 99. __________
I’m sure they will have a well time in China. 100. _________
试题解析：
91. 解题方法：根据画线单词所在句子 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )可以判断，本句要表达的意思是：她是15岁。这是英语中的计量句型，结构是“数词+量词（可数名词）+形容词”，当数词不是“一”时，量词需要用复数形式，所以需要把year改为years。
92. 解题方法：根据画线单词所在句子可以 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )判断，本句要表达的意思是：她说她喜欢科学并且擅长它。这是一个含有宾语从句的主从复合句，英语语法要求宾语从句的时态要受主句限制，这里主句是一般过去时，所以从句中需要把likes改为liked。
93. 解题方法：根据画线单词所在句子可以 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )判断，本句要表达的意思是：每年夏天，她和她的父母一起旅行。“和某人一起”在这里属于介词结构，表示伴随，应该用 with；而and连接的应该是并列的成分。所以需要把and改为with。
94. 解题方法：根据画线单词所在句子 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )可以判断，本句要表达的意思是：在所有她参观过的地点当中…。place是可数名词，在这里应该用复数形式，所以需要把place改为places。
95. 解题方法：根据画线单词所在 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )句子可以判断，本句要表达的意思是：…她最喜欢巴黎，因为它既现代又漂亮。句子后面的从句的内容应该是原因，而不是结果，所以需要把so改为because。
96. 解题方法：根据画线单词所在句子可 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )以判断，本句要表达的意思是：她了解到中国是一个具有五千年历史的又大又美丽的国家。Large是一个以辅音音素开头的单词，前面不定冠词应该用a, 所以需要把an改为a。
97. 解题方法：根据画线 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )单词所在句子可以判断，本句要表达的意思是：今年七月，她将去北京…。That July是表示过去的“那个七月”，不能与一般将来时句子连用。所以需要把That改为This。
98. 解题方法：根据画线单词 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )所在句子可以判断，本句要表达的意思是：…和她的父母一起乘飞机去北京。用介词结构表达“乘某种交通工具”时，介词用by，所以需要把on改为by。
99. 解题方法：根据画 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )线单词所在句子可以判断，本句要表达的意思是：我确信我将带他们参观北京。这里“他们”在句中做宾语，应该用宾格形式，所以需要把they改为them。
100. 解题方法：根据画线单词所在句子可以 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )判断，本句要表达的意思是：我确信他们在中国会度过愉快的时光。表达“过得愉快”应该用have a good time，这里good是形容词，修饰名词time，而well 一般用作副词，所以需要把well改为good。
Passage 9 （2015贵州贵阳）
阅读短文，根据短文内容完成文后的句子。
The Silk Road
The routes
For centuries, the Silk Road was the most important line of communication connecting East and West．Although the Silk Road covered a huge distance linking modern day Xi’an with the Middle East and Europe, today one area in particular is associated most closely with the name of the Silk Road．This are is Xinjiang in Northwest China, through which two major routes of the Silk Road passed on the northern and southern side of the Taklamakan desert．
The name
The Silk Road got its name in the 19th century when a German geographer identified it as the route through which the Romans got their silk from China．However, silk wasn’t the only thing that passed along the Silk Road; anything that had buyers was traded along the road．Goods were traded from market to market passing through many hands before they reached their final destinations．
Buddhism
The Silk Road was not just the route through which goods were carried．It was also important for the exchange of ideas．Buddhism from India entered China along the Silk Road and had a huge influence on Chinese culture．Greek art styles were popular along the Silk Road and gave Buddhist statues in Northern India classical Western faces．These styles from Northern India were also found in Xinjiang．
The people
One of China’s famous monks, Xuan Zang, followed the Silk Road in the 6th century to collect Buddhist scriptures from India．Around 600 years later, one of Europe’s famous travelers, Marco Polo, entered China along the Silk Road．Both Xuan Zang and Marco Polo left detailed records of their journeys along the Silk Road．
The Silk Road today
Today, the Xinjiang Autonomous Region remains an international crossroad where traders from surrounding countries, and tourists from all over the world regularly meet．Trade in precious stones, food, drinks, crafts, art, and of course, silk, continues, too．
1.For centuries, the Silk Road was the most important line of communication which connected ___．
2.The Silk Road was named by ______ after he found the route that Romans got silk from China．
3.The Silk Road was not only the route for trade but also an important route for ______．
4.Xuan Zang and Marco Polo did a lot in ______ of their journeys along the Silk Road．
5.According to the passage, today ____ is still an important international crossroad on the Silk Road．
试题解析：
1. 根据文章第一段第一句For centuries, the Silk Road was the most important line of communication
connecting East ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )and West．可知答案是East and West。
2. 根据文章第二段第一句The Silk Road got its name in the 19th century when a German geographer
identified it as th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e route through which the Romans got their silk from China．可知答案是a
German Geographe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r。
3. 根据文章第三段前两句The Silk Road was not just the route through which goods were carried．It
was also importan ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t for the exchange of ideas．可知答案是the exchange of ideas。
4. 根据文章第四段最后一句Both Xuan Zang and Marco Polo left detailed records of their journeys
along the Silk Road ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )．可知答案是leaving detailed records。
5. 根据文章第五段第一句Today, the Xinjiang Autonomous Region remains an international
crossroad where traders from surrounding countries, 可知答案是Xinjiang。
Passage 10 （2015山东青岛）
请根据图表和文字信息，完成短文。每空不超过两个词。（每空1分，共5分）
Amount of Electricity Used
This graph show th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e amount(数量) of electricity used in a small city. It is clear that the city uses more
electricity in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) ___ than in ____ . In summer, people use the most electricity at 12 p.m. This is probably _____ the high temperature at noon. In winter, people use the most electricity at ______ . The graph also shows the amount of electricity used _____ from 6 a.m. to 12 p.m. The amount of electricity use decreases (减少)from 6 p.m. to 12 a.m.
试题解析：
第一空：根据空格前面的介词in确定空格应该填名词，由图表可看出应该填winter，in winter是“在冬天”的意思。
第二空：根据空格前面的介词in确定空格应该填名词，由图表可看出应该填summer，in summer是“在夏天”的意思。
第三空：对照前句In sum ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mer, people use the most electricity at 12 p.m.与本句可知，本句是解释前句提到的用电量最多的原因，由于空格后面是名词结构，所以这里应该填because of。
第四空：根据空格前面的介词at确定空格应该填名词，结合前面的句式，可知这里应该填某个时间点，由图表可看出答案是6p.m。
第五空：对照后句The amount of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) electricity use decreases (减少)from 6 p.m. to 12 a.m.中的decrease(减少)，可以确定第五空的词性是动词，而且意思与其相反，因此可以确定答案是increase(增加)
Passage 10 （2015内蒙古通辽）
Animals are people’s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )friends. But many of the wild animals are facing the danger of dying out. The Siberian tiger is one of them. Siberian tigers can be found in forests in parts of Siberian and Northern China. The tigers are becoming extinct（灭绝） because people hurt many of them and are destroying their living places.?
Another animal in da ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nger is the Tibetan antelope（藏羚羊）. In the early 1990s, there were millions of Tibetan antelopes in China, but by the 1990s the number of them had fallen to about 50，000. People hunt the antelopes for their wool. The wool of the antelope is soft, light and warm, and is very expensive all over the world. Hunters can make a lot of money by selling their wool. The Chinese people have begun to protect the animals and seem to be winning. Now the number of the Tibetan antelopes is rising.?
It’s important ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to protect the world animals. Now many wild zoos have been built in China. In the zoos we can see the animals we have heard of but have never seen. I think we can make friends with them by taking care of them.
根据短文内容，补全表格，每空一词。
What happened to animals Many of the wild animals are facing the danger of 66.
Animals in danger The Siberian ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) tigers are becoming extinct because people hurt many of them and their 67. are being destroyed.
In the early ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 1990s, there were 68. Tibetan antelopes in China, but by the 1990s the number of them had fallen to about 50,000, people hunt them for 69.
To protect the world animals Now in China, people have built many 70.
试题解析：
66. 根据文章开头第二句But many ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of the wild animals are facing the danger of dying out. 可以直接确定答案是dying out。
67. 根据文章第一段尾句The tige ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rs are becoming extinct（灭绝） because people hurt many of them and are destroying their living places. 可以直接确定答案是living places。
68. 根据文章第二段第二句In ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the early 1990s, there were millions of Tibetan antelopes in China, 可以直接确定答案是millions of。
69. 根据文章第二段第三句People ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hunt the antelopes for their wool. 可以直接确定答案是their wool。
70. 根据文章第三段第二句Now ma ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ny wild zoos have been built in China. 可以直接确定答案是wild zoos。
同课章节目录
- 词法
- 名词
- 动词和动词短语
- 动词语态
- 动词时态
- 助动词和情态动词
- 非谓语动词
- 冠词
- 代词
- 数词和量词
- 形容词副词及其比较等级
- 介词和介词短语
- 连词和感叹词
- 构词法
- 相似、相近词比较
- 句法
- 陈述句
- 一般疑问句和否定疑问句
- 特殊疑问句及选择疑问句
- 反意疑问句
- 存在句(There be句型)
- 宾语从句
- 定语从句
- 状语从句
- 主谓一致问题
- 简单句
- 并列句
- 复合句
- 主谓一致
- 主、表语从句
- 名词性从句
- 直接引语和间接引语
- 虚拟语气
- 感叹句
- 强调句
- 倒装句
- 祈使句
- 句子的成分
- 句子的分类
- 题型专区
- 单项选择部分
- 易错题
- 完形填空
- 阅读理解
- 词汇练习
- 听说训练
- 句型转换
- 补全对话
- 短文改错
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