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2016年中考英语第二轮专项复习新突破
第三章阅读表达
模拟演练
一、
（1）
Have you ever stayed up late one night Did you feel tired the next day Did you feel bad-tempered (易怒的) It is because your body missed its sleep ！ So why does a good night's sleep make you feel better 【出处：21教育名师】
Scientists have studied sleep to find the answer to this question.They have found some different reasons.21教育名师原创作品
First, sleep helps your body stay healthy. Even though you are sleeping, your body is still active. Sleep gives your body a chance to repair itself.
Sleep also helps your body to rest. How Your body does not need as much energy when it slows down. The beat of your heart and your breathing rate become slower, which lowers your body's energy level.Your body needs rest after a busy day.
Sleep is important for your brain, too. During the day your brain gathers informalion. Al nighl while you are sleep-
ing,your brain reviews everything that you did during the day.It saves some of your experiences so you can n-nicniber them.Some scientists think all this reviewing causes you to dream.
What happens if you do not have enough sleep People who miss too much sleep have trouhle paving attention.Thev make more mistakes in thier work.Scientists believe that peo ple who miss more than three days of sleep may become sick and even start seeing something that is not really there.
Students need between 8 and 10 hours of sleep each night.What can you do to help give your body a good night's sleep
Ways to help you sleep ：
Kun and play outside during the day
Drink a glass of milk heforr going to bed.
Go to bed on time.
Read a book in bed.
have a dark, quiet room.
Following these steps and you will begin to feel relaxed and happy. Nothing else will help your body like a good night's sleep.【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
1. What happens if you do not have enough sleep according to the passage (列举一条)（no more than 10 words） 21*cnjy*com
2.How many ways are mentioned to help you sleep （no more than 2 words）
3.请把义中画线的句子翻译成汉语。
4.请给短文拟一个恰当的英文题目。
(2)
The 1896 Olympics were the first Olympic Games since ancient times. They were held in Athens, Greece in April 1896.① At that time, it was the largest international sporting event ever held . Fourteen countries, including the United States, took part in it.21·世纪*教育网
The 1896 Olympic events included athletics, which was similar to track and field events, cycling, fencing and wrestling, swimming, weightlifting, tennis and gymnastics. Winners of the events won medals, although first place medals were silver and second place medals were copper (铜的）.Today, first place medals are gold, second place medals are silver and third place are bronze. Winners also receive an olive branch and a diploma (证书）.
Only male athletes were allowed to take part in the 1896 Olympics. Women were first allowed to take part in the second Olympic Games in 1900 in Paris, France.
② The, Princeton. US, from, team, was, made, university, up, of, mostly, and, students. Harvard . The US team won 11 first place medals, the most among all countries. Greece won the most medals overall.
The 1896 Olympics were very popular. Over 80,000 people attended the opening ceremony.
2.将文中②处划线的词组成一个合乎上下文语境的句子。
1.What were first place medals made of in the 1896 Olympic Games
（no more than 1 words）
2.What was the difference between the first Olympics and the second Olympics （no more than 15 words）
3.What country won the most first place medals in the 1896 Olympics （no more than 2 words）
4.将文中划线的句子译成汉语。
二、
（1）
When the teacher asks a question in class, Wang Xiaobin never raises his hand
and this situation is very common at middle schools. This 15-year-old boy always
waits for other classmates or the teacher to give the answer. " What if my answer is
wrong " Wang asks.
Wang said only six or seven students in his class raise their hands when a question
is asked. 1) "I think it's a problem that may affect (影响) our studies, but I am afraid
of making mistakes in front of my classmates." he said.21cnjy.com
To encourage students to raise their hands in class, Hu Wei, why the studens
didn't raise their hands, he said: "They lack (缺乏) of confidence, they are afraid of
showing off, or they're afraid of losing face by giving wrong answers."
To encourage students to raise their hands in class, Hu suggests that teachers
should repeat the question, then try to guide and encourage students to offer their
answers. 2) Hu also advised students not to be shy, but brave enough to try.
Sun Pin, 16 of Fujian, always raises her hand as soon as she comes up with the
answer, even if she isn't sure she has got it right. Sun can't understand why some of
her classmates keep silent in class. She enjoys raising her hand a lot. " It keeps me
enthusiastic (热情的) and confident to express my idea." Sun said, "Raising my hand
has really made me excellent."
1.Does Wang Xiaobin raise his hand when the teacher asks a question in class （no more than 3 words）www.21-cn-jy.com
2.Why don't students raise their hands (3 possible reasons)2-1-c-n-j-y
（no more than 25 words）
3. 将短文中划线的句子1)译成汉语。
4.将短文中划线的句子2)译成汉语。
5.给短文拟一个恰当的标题。
（2）
Things are going great in Cannes (戛纳), France. I have an exciting experience here. I have only been here at the film festival for two days, but I have already seen four films. When the films are not on, I like to go to watch the fashionable people on the beach. Everywhere you look, there are famous film stars and directors. I saw three of my favourite stars hanging out at the festival yesterday. 1). However, I was too nervous to talk to them.21世纪教育网版权所有
At this year's Cannes Film Festival, about twenty films are competing for the main prize, the Palme d'Or (金棕榈奖). The films are from all over the world—Europe, Asia, North America, Africa… 2·1·c·n·j·y
There are also so many different types of films, and lots of them are from countries which are not famous for the film making business. 2). For someone who loves films, this is heaven (天堂)!
If you come to the festival, the following suggestions will be helpful. First, you'll need to remember to bring your invitation, because you cannot watch any of the films without one.
Second, you'll need to bring some nice clothes. During the day everyone walks around in T-shirts and shorts. But in the evening, everyone has to wear formal (正式的) clothes. I am wearing a long dress all the time!
1. What did the writer do at the film festival
2. What are the writer's suggestions
3.将短文中划线的句子1）译成汉语。
4.将短文中划线的句子2）译成汉语。
5.请给短文拟一个适当的英文标题。
(3)
Fire was discovered many thousands of years ago. The first time humans saw fire was probably when a tree was destroyed by lightning(闪电). Humans soon learned how to make fire. They probably made the first fire by rubbing (摩擦)two sticks together.
Fire was very important to humans. They needed to keep warm at night. They used fire to cook food. 1) They used fire to keep enemies and wild animals away. In some parts of the world fire was used to send messages. The Indians in America, for example, used fire to make smoke as a message. In some other countries people lit fires to warn their friends of danger.
2) Fire was also used to give light. Before the invention of the oil lamp(灯), humans burned sticks to get light.
One man even used fire to tell the time. He invented a candle clock. He made a candle that took exactly twelve hours to burn. Then he marked this candle in twelve equal(相等的) parts. He lit the cand le and could tell the time by counting the number of parts left of the burning candle. But the candle clock did not always work well. If there was a wind blowing on the candle, it burned too quickly.
1. How did Indians in America use fire？（no more than 10 words）
2. What happened to the candle if there was a wind blowing on it
（no more than 5 words）
3.将短文中划线的句子1)译成汉语。
4.将短文中划线的句子2)译成汉语。www-2-1-cnjy-com
5.请给短文拟一个适当的英文标题。
三、
(1)
Michael went back to Fullerton, his hometown. His visit to Fullerton was very
special to him. He was born there, he grew up there. But he hadn't been back there
since he finished high school.
He went to places he hadn't gone to in years. He walked through the park and
remembered the days he had walked through that same park with his friend. He passed by the field where he and his friends had played baseball every day after school. And he stood in front of the movie theater and thought about all the Saturday afternoons he had spent there, watching his favorite movie heroes and eating popcorn.
He did things he hadn't done in a long time. He had some home-made ice cream at the ice cream shop. He rode on the merry-go-round in the park, and he went fishing at the lake. For a little while, he felt like a kid again.
He saw people he hadn't seen in years. He visited several of his old neighbors.
He said hello to the owners of the candy store near his house. And he also went to see Mrs. Riley, his tenth-grade science teacher.
Michael's trip back to Fullerton was a very nostalgic (怀旧的) experience for
him. Going back to Fullerton brought back many memories of days gone by.
Michael went to places he hadn't gone to in years. Which places did he go
（no more than 12 words）
2.Who did Michael visit （no more than 14 words）
3.When did Michael usually go to the movie theater （no more than 3 words）
4.将短文中划线的句子译成汉语。
5.请给短文拟一个适当的英文标题。
(2)
If I can give up coffee, anyone can! I was completely addicted (上瘾). I drank coffee all day. I depended on it for everything. Without coffee, I became sad and anxious. I would feel nervous if I couldn't get some coffee before an important event like giving a speech or taking an exam.21教育网
It took countless tries before I realized how to give up coffee. Between each try, I learned a little bit more. Here's how I did it.【版权所有：21教育】
Coffee Addiction Knowledge
The first step is to learn about what you are dealing with. Caffeine is a drug. The human body gets addicted to it easily. That's why you feel good when you get your first cup of coffee in the morning and it's why you feel bad when you try to give it up. There are emotional addictions to the caffeine as well. Some people believe that with the caffeine you will perform better and have more confidence.【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
Gradually Cut the Amount and Then Replace (替代) It with Green Tea
You can give up coffee suddenly, but why put yourself through that unless you need an unpleasant experience You can follow these two steps.
1) Gradually cut the amount of coffee you drink according to a plan. Let's say, you normally drink 5 cups of coffee a day. Over a one-week period, cut out one cup so that by the sixth day you're at zero.21·cn·jy·com
2) On your first day without coffee replace it with green tea. Green tea has the lowest amount of caffeine of most teas, but don't expect any similar coffee taste.
1. How would the writer feel without coffee before giving it up （no more than 6 words）21*cnjy*com
2.What is caffeine according to the passage （no more than 4 words）
3.What does the writer think can replace coffee （no more than 2 words）
4.将短文中划线的句子译成汉语。
5.请给短文拟一个适当的英文标题。
(3)
A road is just like a bridge between two places. The Silk Road has been a bridge between East and West. But the Silk Road is not a single route! It is a series of trade and cultural transmission routes. From the time Zhang Qian opened up the world-famous Silk Road during the Han Dynasty, until the Yuan Dynasty, it enjoyed a history of about 1,600 years.
This ancient road begins at Chang'an (now Xi'an), and it reaches Dunhuang, where it divides into three, the Southern Route, Central Route and Northern Route. And then it ends in Eastern Europe, near the Mediterranean Sea (地中海). The Silk Road is about 6,500 kilometers long. It goes across one-fourth of the planet. In fact, there is another trade road which is called the"the Silk Road on the Sea" in the southwest of China.
The Silk Road was very important to both China and the rest of the world. Besides trade, knowledge about science, arts and technologies were shared across the Silk Road. The Four Great Inventions of China was introduced to the West and Chinese also knew about the religious of the West. In this way, languages and cultures developed and influenced each other. Today, places along the Silk Road are great places of interest, such as the Terracotta Warriors in Xi’an and Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang, Gansu.
1.When was the Silk Road opened up （no more than 4 words）
2.Where does the Silk Road end （no more than 7 words）
3.What were shared across the Silk Road （no more than 8 words）
4.将短文中划线的句子译成汉语。
5.请给短文拟一个适当的英文标题。
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第三章 阅读表达
《课程标准》对初中毕业生英语阅读技能的要求是：
1.能根据上下文和构词法推断、理解生词的含义；
2.能理解段落中个句子之间的逻辑关系；
3.能找出文章中的主题，理解故事的情节，预测故事情节的发展和可能的结局；
4.能读懂常见体裁的阅读材料；
5.能根据不同的阅读目的运用简单的阅读策略获取信息；
6.能利用字典等工具书及学习；
7.除教材外，课外阅读量应累计达到15万词以上。
阅读表达题是2015年济宁中考开始设置的新题型，共一个语篇，五道小题，记十分。该试题是根据任务设计而形成的一种新题型，能够有效测试学生“用语言做事情”的能力，符合目前英语教学改革的方向。这种题型命题灵活，既可以考查学生对文章的整体理解，又可以针对某个细节提出问题。五道小题设计的有明显的梯度，便于考察不同层次学生英语的综合运用能力。
作为一种读写综合性的题型，它既考查学生的阅读理解能力，又考查整合文章信息进行书面表达的能力、用汉语规范表达的能力和概括归纳文章主题的能力。阅读表达目前采用“回答问题”、“句子翻译”和“拟写标题”3种形式对于所 读语篇的细节信息、句意理解、语篇主旨大意以及汉语习惯表达，乃至英汉语的规范书写进行考查。
理解句意及汉语表达
理解文意与规范表达
理解主题并拟写标题
阅读表达
一、理解文意与规范表达
回答问题要求学生在通读全文和文后所提问题的基础上，再次研读与问题相关的句子，句子的关键词语等，在此基础上，结合上下文进行分析判断、逻辑推理、归纳提炼出问题答案的表述内容。
答案内容要符合字数要求语法正确、语句通顺。书写规范，不要照抄照搬原文的句子。
（2015济宁）
Nick's family had just moved to town, and today was his first day in a new school. Nick was nervous. He did not have any friends at this school.
Nick's mother walked with him to school. He walked into the classroom and chose a desk at the back of the class. Nick's new teacher came over to him and said, "Hello, I am Mrs. Smith. You must be Nick."
He shyly nodded his head. Then Mrs. Smith said, "Class, I'd like you to meet Nick. His family just moved here, and he is going to be in our class."
Nick was happy that Mrs. Smith introduced him to the class. He was even happier when the boy next to him said, "Hi, Nick. I'm Marcus."
The first part of the day went by very quickly. Mrs. Smith gave Nick all of the books he would need and showed him what chapter (章节) the class was working on.
Soon, the lunch bell rang. Nick got nervous again. He did not want to eat his lunch by himself. As he walked into the lunchroom with the rest of his classmates, he started looking for a place to sit. Marcus invited Nick to sit with him.
After school, Marcus asked Nick where he lived. Nick lived only three houses down the street from Marcus, so the boys agreed to walk home together. After they finished their homework, Marcus came over to Nick's house to play catch. When Nick went to bed that night, he could hardly wait for school the next day.
1. Why did Nick feel nervous on the first school day (no more than 20 words)
2.What do you think of the teacher Mrs. Smith
(no more than 6 words)
3.Who was Nick's new friend at the new school
(no more than 2 words)
〖答案〗 1. Because it was his first day in a new school and he did not have any friends there/at this school.
〖解析〗文中第一段Nick感到neruous的原因有两点：一是his first day，二是did not have any friends at school。
〖答案〗 2. I think she was kind/nice/helpful/friendly.
〖解析〗Nick到了一所新学校，他的老师Mr. Smith对他做了几件事：greeted him, introduced him to other students, gave him all the books, showed him the chapter。让Nick感到很温暖。因此可以推断出老师的态度是积极的，和蔼有帮助。
〖答案〗 3.Marcus.
〖解析〗通过老师介绍，Nick的邻桌男孩Marcus主动和他打招呼，两人一天都在一起；而且Marcus是Nick在学校里除了老师Mr. Smith之外的唯一提到的人物。
二、理解句意及汉语表达
翻译句子的考查意图指向明显，要么是考查某个词的用法或习惯表达，要么是考查某个句型的结构或搭配，或者是考查某条语法规则的具体运用。
翻译句子题要求学生首先读懂英语句子，用规范的汉语表达出来。有些学生虽然写出了汉语句子，但句式结构还是英语的，显得不符合汉语表达习惯。这种逐字逐词翻译的习惯一定要改正。
（2015济宁） 请将文中画线的句子翻译成汉语。
4.When Nick went to bed that night, he could hardly wait for school the next day.
〖答案〗 当天晚上尼克睡觉的时候，他已经盼望着第二天要去上学了。
〖解析〗考查时间状语从句的翻译，还要词组went to bed, could hardly wait...的理解，汉语句子的语序和英语不同，注意汉语语句通顺流畅。
三、理解主题并拟写标题
为所给文章拟写标题，体现对文章内容的高度概括，表达文章的主要内容。拟写标题要达到“确切、精炼”的标准。确切，指的是归纳概括了文章主要内容，同时也指标题用词符合规范。文章标题要能够全面概括文章的主旨大意，它往往并不是一个完整的句子，从这样的句子中提炼出关键词语。而精炼，是标题字数恰当，不易过长。
三、理解词义、句意，明确的指代关系
如果不是派生词或合成词，文章中总会在某处针对该词给予定义、阐述、解释或者举例，进一步传递相关信息。定义是作者为了更好地表达思想，在文章中对一些重要的概念，难懂的术语或者词汇等所作的解释。定义提供的信息具有明确的针对性。虽然进一步阐述不如定义那样严谨详细，但提供的信息足以使我们猜出生词的词义。另外恰当的举例也能够提供猜测生词词义的重要线索。和猜测词义类似的试题还有句意理解和明确一些代词的指代关系。
（2015济宁）
5.请给短文拟一个适当的英文题目。
〖答案〗 Nick's First Day in a New School.
〖解析〗本题主题突出，就写了Nick 在新学校的第一天----认识新老师、新朋友以及学习、就惨等。所有这些概括起来就是他的first day。登陆21世纪教育 助您教考全无忧
2016年中考英语第二轮专项复习新突破
第三章 阅读表达
模拟演练答案
（1）1.（1）Having trouble paying attentio.
（2）Making more mistakes in their work.
（3）Becoming sick.
（4）Even starting seeing something that is not really there.
2. 5/ Five.
3. 即使你处于睡眠状态，你的身体仍然是活跃的。
4. A good night's sleep makes you feel better. /Nothing else will help your body like a good night's sleep ./ A good sleep it for you. 21世纪教育网版权所有
（2）1. Silver.
2. Only male athletes were allowed to take part in the first Olympics.
3. The US.
4.在当时，那是史上举行过的最大的国际体育赛事。
（1）1. No, he doesn't.
2. Because they lack of confidence, they're afraid of showing off, ar they're afraid of losing face by giving wrong answers. 2·1·c·n·j·y
3.我想着这是个可能影响我们学习的问题，但我害怕在同学面前出错。
4. 胡老师还建议同学们不要害怕，要勇敢的尝试。
5. Hands up, please ./ Raise your hands. / Put up your hands. 【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
1. He sawt films and watched the fashionable people. 21·世纪*教育网
2. Bring your invitation and some nice clothes. www-2-1-cnjy-com
3. 然而，我太紧张了，没有和他们交谈。
4. 对于喜爱电影的人来说，这里就是天堂。
5. Cannes, I'm here./ I'm at Cannes Film Festival./ My experience at Cannes Film Festival./ An exciting experience at film festival.2-1-c-n-j-y
（3）1. They used fire to make smoke as a message.
2. It burned too quickly.
3. 他们用火把敌人和野生动物赶走。
4. 火也被用来照明。
5. Fire. / The use of the fire.
（1）1. He went to the park, the field and the movie theater. /The park, the field and the movie theater. 21教育网
2. He visited his old neighbors, the owners of the candy store and his teacher.
3. On Saturday afternoon.
4.他做了已经很久没有做的事情。
5. Michael's trip back to home town. /Trip back to home town.21cnjy.com
（2）1. Sad and answers. /Nervous.
2. It is a drug. /A drug.
3. Green tea.
4.无数次的尝试后我才认识到怎样戒掉咖啡。
5. How to develop coffee. /Giving up coffee. 21·cn·jy·com
（3）1. In/ During the Han Dynasty.
2. In Eastern Europe, near the Mediterranean Sea. www.21-cn-jy.com
3. Trade, knowledge about science, arts and technologies.
4. 事实上，在中国西南部还有另外一条被称为“海上丝绸之路”的贸易通道。
5. The Silk Road.
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