主题 18 自然与环境课件(共84张PPT) 2025年中考英语语法突破（广东）

(共84张PPT)
主题18　自然与环境
第三部分　中考主题突破
积基树本
1．*insect ________ 2．鸟 ________ 3．蚂蚁 _______ 4．*蜜蜂 _________ 5．*butterfly________ 6．宠物 _______ 7．猫 _______
8．狗 _______
9．兔子 __________
10．鸭子 ________
11．hen ________
12．马_________
Ⅰ．动物Animal
　　昆虫　
bird　
　ant　
　bee　
　　　蝴蝶　
　pet　
cat　
dog　
　rabbit　
　duck　
母鸡　
horse　
积基树本
13．奶牛 _______ 14．绵羊 _________ 15．猪 _______ 16．大象 ____________ 17．长颈鹿 ___________ 18．大熊猫 ___________ 19．猴子 __________
20．蛇 _________
21．*fox ________
22．熊 ________
23．狮子 ________
24．老虎 _________
　cow　
　sheep　
pig　
　elephant　
　　giraffe　
　　panda　
　monkey　
snake　
　狐狸　
bear　
　lion　
　tiger　
积基树本
25．*wolf __________________
26．*penguin________
27．*shark ________
28．*whale ________
29．*eagle ______
30．*dragon ______
狼；狼吞虎咽　
　企鹅　
鲨鱼　
鲸鱼　
鹰　
　龙　
积基树本
Ⅱ．特征与颜色 Characteristic and Color
1．*characteristic ________
2．wing _________
3．tail ________
4．野生的；野外__________
5．软的；柔软的 ________
6．smooth __________________
特征　
翅膀　
尾巴　
wild　
soft　
光滑的；平坦的　
积基树本
7．夜；夜间 _________
8．天；白天 _________
9．dark ________________
10．明亮的；聪明的 __________
11．hunt________
12．*shoot ______________
13．利用；使用 ______
　　night　
　　day　
暗淡的；黑暗　
　　　　　bright　
狩猎　
　拍摄；射击　
　　　use　
积基树本
14．颜色；涂色 _________________
15．黑色(的) _________
16．白色(的) _________
17．蓝色(的) ________
18．绿色(的) _________
19．红色(的) _______
20．黄色(的) __________
color/colour　
black　
white　
blue　
green　
red　
yellow　
积基树本
21．粉色(的) __________
22．紫色(的) __________
23．*grey ______________
24．brown ______________
25．silver __________________
26．gold __________________
27．生长；发育 ________
　pink　
　purple　
灰色(的)　
褐色(的)　
银灰色(的)；银　
金色(的)；黄金　
　　 grow　
积基树本
1．自然 __________ 2．森林 __________ 3．植物 _________ 4．树；树木 ________ 5．wood ______________ 6．leaf ______________ 7．花 __________
8．玫瑰 ________
9．草 _________
10．竹子 __________
11．山；山脉 ____________
12．hill ______________
Ⅲ．植物、山川、河流和太空Plant, Mountain, River and Space
nature　
forest　
plant　
　　tree　
木头；木材　
叶子；树叶　
flower　
　rose　
grass　
　bamboo　
　　　mountain　
小山；土堆　
积基树本
13．rock ________________
14．石头 _________
15．*soil ______________
16．江；河 ___________
17．湖 ________
18．pool ______________
19．陆地；土地；降落 ________
岩石；摇滚乐　
stone　
土壤；国土　
　river　
lake　
水池；池塘　
　　　　　　land　
积基树本
20．island ______ 21．*ocean ______________ 22．海洋 _______ 23．海滨；海滩 _________ 24．coast ______________ 25．沙；沙滩 __________ 26．*desert ________ 27．天空 _________
28．空间；太空 _________
29．star ____________
30．月球；月亮 ________
31．行星 __________
32．*universe ________
33．*wave ______________
岛　
海洋；大海　
sea　
　　　beach　
海岸；海滨　
　 sand　
沙漠　
sky　
　　　space　
星；恒星　
　　　moon　
planet　
　　宇宙　
　波浪；挥手　
积基树本
Ⅳ．环境保护 Environmental Protection
1．地球；世界 _________
2．环境 _________________
3．污染 ____________________
4．litter ______________
5．垃圾；废物 ___________
6．*plastic______________
　　earth　
environment　
pollute/pollution　
垃圾；乱扔　
　　 rubbish　
　塑料(的)　
积基树本
7．声音；噪声 _________
8．人类(的)；人的 ___________
9．*balance ______________
10．空气；大气 _______
11．*energy ______________
12．*energetic ______________
13．*gas ________________
14．*material ______________
　　noise　
　　　　human　
　平衡；均衡　
　　　air　
　精力；能量　
　　精力充沛的　
汽油；气体　
　材料；素材　
积基树本
15．热度；加热 ________
16．上升 ________
17．*pour ________
18．回收利用 ____________
19．减少；缩小 ___________
20．control ________
21．增加 ______________
22．募集；提高；养育 _________
　　　heat　
rise　
倾倒　
　　*recycle　
　　　*reduce　
　控制　
increase　
　　　　　　raise　
积基树本
23．必要的 _____________
24．可能的 ____________
25．不可能的 ______________
26．private __________________
27．拥有；自己的 _______
28．投；掷 _________
29．生产；产生 ___________
30．*effect ______________
necessary　
possible　
　impossible　
私人的；私密的　
　　　own　
throw　
　　produce　
效果；影响　
积基树本
Ⅴ. 生态平衡 Ecological Balance
1．endangered animal ____________
2．养宠物狗 __________________
3．挖洞 _____________
4．feed on ______________
5．feed the grass to sheep ______________
6．砍伐；减少 _____________
　　　　　　濒危动物　
　　keep a pet dog　
dig a hole　
　以……为食　
　　　　　　　 把草喂给羊　
　　　cut down　
积基树本
7．种更多的树 ____________________
8．at night __________
9．in the day __________
10．go hunting __________
11．used to do sth. __________________
12．be/get used to(doing) sth. _______________
　　plant more trees　
在夜间　
在白天　
　去打猎　
　　　过去常常做某事　
　　　　　　　习惯(做)某事　
积基树本
13．nature balance ____________
14．在太空 _____________
15．explore the universe ___________
16．捡起垃圾 _________________
17．制造噪声 _______________
18．把废水倒进海里_______________________________
　　　自然平衡　
in space　
　　　　　探索宇宙　
pick up rubbish　
make noise　
pour waste water into the ocean　
积基树本
19．采取行动 ______________
20．失去控制 _________________
21．至少 _____________
22．green house effect ____________
23．instead of ________
　take action　
　out of control　
at least　
　　　　　温室效应　
　代替　
积基树本
1．彼得想了解他能做些什么来救助那些濒危动物。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
Peter wants to know what he can do to save those endangered animals.　
积基树本
2．他在回家的路上捡到了一只流浪猫，把它送到了动物中心。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
3．除非我们现在就采取行动，否则越来越多的垃圾会被扔进大海。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
He picked up a homeless cat on his way home and sent it to the animal center.　
Unless we take action now, more and more rubbish will be thrown into the ocean/sea.　
积基树本
4．今天下午四点在图书馆有一场保护环境的讲座，欢迎参加和提问。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
There will be a talk on the environmental protection in the library at 4 o’clock this afternoon. Welcome to attend it and ask questions.　
积基树本
5．Green is more than just a color. We can go greener if we take a bus instead of driving a private car or turn off the computer after we finish our work.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
绿色不仅仅是一种颜色。 如果我们坐公共汽车而不是开私家车，或者我们完成工作后关掉电脑，我们可以更环保。　
积基树本
短文填空 【2024·舟山模拟改编·时文】
请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意：每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。
体裁： 记叙文 词数：222 难度：★★☆☆ 建议用时： 6 mins 正确率：______/10　
积基树本
Ryan Hickman, a 14-year-old from San Juan Hills High School, started cleaning beaches with his voluntary Project 3R on April 20．
save　until　rubbish　our　ocean　how　pollute　plastic　feed　begin　within　by
积基树本
Together with other volunteers, they spent five weeks collecting 　　1　　 from five Southern California beaches and some in Mexico.
save　until　rubbish　our　ocean　how　pollute　plastic　feed　begin　within　by
rubbish
积基树本
“The rubbish ends up in different 　　2　　, and animals may eat it，” Hickman told The Orange County Register. “Picking up rubbish can 　　3　　 a whale’s life. ”
save　until　rubbish　our　ocean　how　pollute　plastic　feed　begin　within　by
oceans
save
积基树本
Since 2012, Hickman and his team have picked up about 2 million 　　4　　 bottles and cans(罐) from beaches, lakes, and rivers. His interest in helping the environment 　 5 　 at the Pacific Marine Mammal Center in Laguna Beach, where he saw sea lions being cared for.
save　until　rubbish　our　ocean　how　pollute　plastic　feed　begin　within　by
plastic
began
积基树本
From a young age, Hickman loved recycling and rubbish trucks. He mixed these interests and started raising money 　6　 collecting reusable things. He continued 　 7 　 he picked up 50,000 pounds of trash and 200,000 reusable things. In 2017, he donated $10,000 to the PMMC．
save　until　rubbish　our　ocean　how　pollute　plastic　feed　begin　within　by
by
until
积基树本
Besides cleanups, Hickman travels to teach kids worldwide about protecting 　 8 　 planet and oceans. At the Ocean Institute in California, he started a program where primary school students clean beaches and learn about 　 　9　 　 on a ship.
save　until　rubbish　our　ocean　how　pollute　plastic　feed　begin　within　by
our
pollution
积基树本
“It’s fun，” he said. “I hope others will be encouraged to organize cleanups, too. ”
Ryan Hickman’s efforts show 　 10 　 young people can make a big difference in protecting our environment.
save　until　rubbish　our　ocean　how　pollute　plastic　feed　begin　within　by
how
积基树本
1．___________　 2．___________ 3．___________　4．___________　 5．___________ 6．___________　7．___________　 8．___________ 9．___________　10．___________
rubbish　
oceans　
save　
plastic　
began　
by　
until　
our　
pollution　
how　
积基树本
一、语法选择 【2024·广州真题改编】
The sun was shining on the blue water. Ben and Sue were playing on the beach. Suddenly, they heard 　1　. sound from behind some rocks.
(　　) 1．A．a B．an C．the
体裁： 记叙文 词数：226 难度：★★☆☆ 建议用时： 6 mins 正确率：______/10　
a
A　
巩固拓展
The two kids climbed onto the rocks and 　　2　　 over. They were so surprised at 　　3　　 they saw.
(　　) 2．A．look B．looking C．looked
(　　) 3．A．what B．that C．how
looked
C　
what
A　
巩固拓展
“Penguins! I’ve never seen penguins on a beach！” shouted Ben. “Be quiet or you’ll make them feel afraid，” Dad said in a low voice. “This beach is those
　　4　　 home. ”
(　　) 4．A．bird B．birds C．birds’
birds’
C　
巩固拓展
At that moment, Dad noticed a seabird walking
　 　5 　　 the penguin eggs near the rocks. He quickly drove it away.
(　　) 5．A．above B．off C．towards
towards
C　
巩固拓展
“The seabird will eat their eggs，” said Dad. They walked to a small house with a sign saying Penguin Care Centre. “These African Penguins are in danger now. But luckily 　 　6　 　 still a few of them left in the world. My job is to take care of them，” Dad said.
“That’s great！” said Ben.
(　　) 6．A．there is B．there are C．they are
there are
B　
巩固拓展
“Yes. The population of the penguins was once much
　　7　　, but it isn’t very big anymore. One reason is that their eggs 　 　8 　　 by seabirds and other animals. Another is that the fishermen in this area catch too many fish.
(　　) 7．A．large B．larger C．the largest
(　　) 8．A．eat B．ate C．are eaten
larger
B　
are eaten
C　
巩固拓展
Penguins 　 9 　 find enough food for their babies. So the government is taking action to stop people fishing for a whole season every year，” Dad explained.
“Now we are trying our best 　　10　　 the penguin eggs. ”
(　　) 9．A．can’t B．needn’t C．mustn’t
(　　) 10．A．protect B．to protect C．protecting
can’t
A　
to protect
B　
巩固拓展
二、完形填空 【2023·江西真题改编】
Mishak rubs(擦) his eyes when he prepares warm milk. Like other people taking care of babies, he is 　11　.
(　　) 11．A．nervous B．down
C．tired D．shy
体裁： 说明文 词数：240 难度：★★★☆ 建议用时： 6 mins 正确率：______/10　
tired
C　
巩固拓展
It is 5∶30 a. m. , and he hasn’t had much sleep. Mishak sits next to the baby elephant, smiles and makes sure she finishes the breakfast.
巩固拓展
Mishak is a 　　12　　 from an elephant rescue(救援) center. 　 　13　 　, many elephants meet problems, so they need rescue here.
(　　) 12．A．teacher B．keeper
C．doctor D．policeman
(　　) 13．A．Unluckily B．Carelessly
C．Excitedly D．Hopefully
keeper
B　
Unluckily
A　
巩固拓展
For one thing, hunters 　 14 　 elephants for their ivory (象牙). For another, people build homes and plant fields where 　　 15 　　 used to live.
(　　) 14．A．buy B．kill
C．feed D．collect
(　　) 15．A．hunters B．elephants
C．adults D．scientists
kill
B　
elephants
B　
巩固拓展
When a baby elephant 　 16 　 its mother, it’s also in great danger. This is because it needs its mother’s milk for about four years. If the mother elephant dies, the baby elephant often becomes sad and ill.
(　　) 16．A．loses B．hurts
C．saves D．follows
loses
A　
巩固拓展
The center’s job is to 　 　17　 　 and raise these baby elephants and send them back to the wild step by step. First, keepers try to take the elephants into the forest.
(　　) 17．A．clear out B．talk about
C．look after D．wake up
look after
C　
巩固拓展
This is a(n) 　 　18　 　 part of the process because the elephants have to learn how to eat in the wild and communicate with others.
(　　) 18．A．easy B．fast
C．important D．strange
important
C　
巩固拓展
When an elephant is four and no longer needs 　 19 　, keepers move it to the wild. It often takes them eight to ten years to get used to the wild.
(　　) 19．A．milk B．fruit
C．grass D．water
milk
A　
巩固拓展
At bedtime, Mishak has to lie down and 　20　 with his baby elephant. Mishak says that when he leaves the babies, they cry.
(　　) 20．A．work B．play
C．study D．sleep
sleep
D　
巩固拓展
三、阅读理解
A
TFK News Club
Who’s Your Earth Hero
February 11th, 2024
体裁： 应用文 词数：246 难度：★★☆☆ 建议用时： 5 mins 正确率：______/5　
巩固拓展


　　
Junior News Reporters, come on! We always love to hear from you. There is a new task waiting for you. This time, we’re asking you to look for people who are working to protect our home planet, Earth.
read aloud
print
巩固拓展
On April 22nd, people around the world will celebrate the World Earth Day. They’ll take part in neighborhood cleanups. And they’ll talk about climate change online. But you don’t need to wait for the World Earth Day to help the planet. Many people take action to protect the environment every day.
No action is too small and small actions can add up to big changes.
巩固拓展
Junior News Reporters, we want to know：
·Who’s your Earth hero Think about the people in your community.
·Who is working to protect the environment Maybe it’s a friend who organized a cleanup, or a local business owner who has reduced waste.
·Find out what that person is doing and why. And think about what you can learn from him/her.
巩固拓展
Notice
·You can write, draw, or record a video to share your Earth hero’s story.
·Make sure to have your parent or teacher send your work to us here or at tfknewsclub@.
·Kids under 18 must have their parents’ or teachers’ written permission(许可).
·Click here to learn more about the TFK News Club.
巩固拓展
(　　) 21．Who is the TFK News Club inviting Junior News Reporters to interview
A．Someone who lives in their neighborhood.
B．Someone who runs a local business successfully.
C．Someone who will hold celebrations on the World Earth Day.
D．Someone who is working to protect the environment.
D　
巩固拓展
(　　) 22．Junior News Reporters can share their Earth hero’s stories in these ways EXCEPT________.
A．writing B．performing
C．videoing D．drawing
B　
巩固拓展
(　　) 23．How should you hand in your work
A．By going to the TFK News Club in person.
B．By going to the teachers.
C．By sharing a post.
D．By sending an e-mail.
D　
巩固拓展
(　　) 24．What can you learn from the information
A．TFK News Club is asking students to help on the World Earth Day.
B．TFK News Club will organize a cleanup.
C．The above information was shown about 2 months before the World Earth Day.
D．A 13-year-old girl can make her own decision to take part in the activity.
C　
巩固拓展
(　　) 25．Where can you find the above information
A．From a magazine.
B．From a play.
C．From a website.
D．From a notice board.
C　
巩固拓展
B 【2024·深圳真题改编】
体裁： 说明文 词数：245 难度：★★★☆ 建议用时： 6 mins 正确率：______/5　
After a 10-year project to count tuna(金枪鱼) and other large fish in the world’s oceans, scientists have made a very surprising discovery:
巩固拓展
these fish are almost gone. Because of too much fishing, almost 90 percent of the worldwide population of large fish—the ones we usually eat—has disappeared. If we don’t act, these animals will totally disappear. That will influence every animal in the ocean.
巩固拓展
The need for fish is growing. Almost a billion people around the world get their protein(蛋白质) mostly from fish. Doctors praise seafood for being low in fat. But a healthy choice for humans is causing a disaster to our oceans. “People are consuming too much，” says Lance Morgan, a scientist at the Marine Conservation Biology Institute.
巩固拓展
A dish of tuna in restaurants costs more than just one animal’s life. When fish like tuna disappear from the ecosystem, the ocean’s food chain breaks down. Animals such as sharks, which normally eat tuna, may die because they find no food.
巩固拓展
The news may be scary, but taking action from now on can prevent harm that hasn’t happened yet. World organizations are ordering countries to stop fishing too much. The Monterey Bay Aquarium gives seafood choices to anyone who hopes to keep healthy without harming the environment.
巩固拓展
“If you care about wildlife, first spend time and think about your own values，” says Morgan. “Then decide what you’re going to eat. ”
巩固拓展
(　　) 26．(新考法) How does the writer start the text
A．By giving a fact. B．By asking a question.
C．By telling a story. D．By using a saying.
(　　)27．What does the underlined word “consuming” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Feeding. B．Missing.
C．Eating. D．Watching.
A　
C　
巩固拓展
(　　) 28．Which of the following is TRUE
A．If sharks die out, tuna will die out soon.
B．Tuna will be more popular in restaurants.
C．Tuna disappeared because they found no food.
D．Tuna plays an important role in the ecosystem.
D　
巩固拓展
(　　) 29．Who gives seafood choices to those who hope to keep healthy and protect the wildlife
A．Scientists.
B．Lance Morgan.
C．The Monterey Bay Aquarium.
D．World organizations.
C　
巩固拓展
(　　) 30．What’s the purpose of the passage
A．To tell people to stop polluting our oceans.
B．To tell people to protect wildlife in oceans.
C．To tell people to avoid eating too much seafood.
D．To tell people to live a balanced and healthy life.
B　
巩固拓展
C
配对阅读。左栏是五种破坏环境的情况，右栏是七则保护环境的措施，请将情况描述与相应的环境保护措施配对。
A．To keep our city cleaner and tidier, we will set up some signs to advise people to throw the rubbish into the correct bin. We will clean the streets and parks every Saturday.
词数：318 难度：★★☆☆ 建议用时：5 mins 正确率：_____/5　
巩固拓展
B．We should learn to live with animals in peace. We must stop killing the wild animals.
C．Give the old books to a library instead of throwing them away. Use both sides of paper and use recycled paper for schoolwork.
巩固拓展
D．In order to make our country beautiful, we plant trees and flowers every year. These days, we plan to plant bamboos to help pandas.
E．To protect the environment, supermarkets all over China stopped providing free plastic bags. If you don’t want to pay money to buy them, you’ll have to bring your own shopping bags.
巩固拓展
F．Try to walk, ride or take buses. If you drive a car, keep it in good condition. This can save gas and make less air pollution.
G．Turn down the heat, especially at night. Use energy-saving lights. And remember to turn lights off when you leave.
巩固拓展
(　　) 31．More cars are used now than before. They burn more gas which makes air pollution become more and more serious.
(　　) 32．The biggest use of energy at home is heating and cooling. Some people leave the lights on when leaving the room.
F　
G　
巩固拓展
(　　) 33．Pandas are endangered. Many years ago, there were a lot more bamboo forests and pandas in China. But humans cut down these forests.
(　　) 34．Some people throw away their old books and magazines. Students just use one side of paper to write their homework.
D　
C　
巩固拓展
(　　) 35．Plastic bags fly with the wind and make the environment ugly. Animals may eat them by mistake and die. Burning them pollutes the air.
E　
巩固拓展
四、短文填空(原创时文)
请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意：每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。
体裁： 说明文 词数：220 难度：★★★☆ 建议用时： 6 mins 正确率：______/10　
巩固拓展
Coca-Cola is using label-free packaging(无标签包装) for its Sprite bottles in order to reduce plastic waste.
way　on　before　need　already　it　expect　whether　sell　but　else　much
巩固拓展
Actually, the bottles have 　 36 　 been made from 100% safe PET. It means they can be reused into new bottles. Although the present labels are also fully recyclable, the new design is 　　37　　 to cut down packaging materials. There is no 　38 　 to separate labels before recycling the bottle.
way　on　before　need　already　it　expect　whether　sell　but　else　much
already
expected
need
巩固拓展
Eight Tesco stores in Brighton and Hove, Bristol, London, and Manchester began to 　 39 　 the new design between January and March 2024. “We want to help create a future where plastic drink packaging will have
　 40 　 than one life，” explained Dusan Stojankic.
way　on　before　need　already　it　expect　whether　sell　but　else　much
sell
more
巩固拓展
“Labels give valuable information to customers, 　41　. with the help of technology we can now find other ways to share this information. This act might seem like a small step, but it is one of several 　 42 　 we are exploring. We are making recycling easier, reducing waste and its effect
　43　 the environment. ”
way　on　before　need　already　it　expect　whether　sell　but　else　much
but
ways
on
巩固拓展
Whenever we throw litter, we’d better think about
　　44 　　　we can recycle more and waste less. Coca-Cola has worked to reduce its packaging waste by designing its products.
way　on　before　need　already　it　expect　whether　sell　but　else　much
whether
巩固拓展
For example, two years ago, 　45　 started to use clear plastic bottles instead of green ones. Coca-Cola plans to recycle 100% materials for its packaging by 2025．
way　on　before　need　already　it　expect　whether　sell　but　else　much
It
巩固拓展
36．___________　 37．___________ 38．___________　39．___________　 40．___________ 41．___________　42．___________　 43．___________ 44．___________　45．___________
already　
expected　
need　
sell　
more　
but　
ways　
on　
whether　
It　
巩固拓展