Unit 13 We're trying to save the earth!课时训练（含答案解析）2024-2025学年人教版九年级英语全册

2024年8月24日初中英语作业
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Many people know that rubbish is a big problem on planet Earth. What many people don't know is that junk(垃圾)has become a problem in outer space too.
According to BBC News, there are more than 22, 000 pieces of space junk floating around the earth. And these are just the things that we can see from the surface of the earth by telescopes (望远镜). There are also millions of smaller pieces of junk that we can't see.
Objects, like bits of old space rockets or satellites, move around the planet at very high speeds fast that even a very small piece can break important satellites or become dangerous to astronauts. If the tiniest piece of junk crashed into a spaceship, it could damage the vehicle.
To make things worse, when two objects in space crash, they break into many smaller pieces. For example, when a U.S. satellite hit an old Russian rocket in 2009, it broke into more than 2,000 pieces, increasing the amount of space junk.
To reduce additional space junk, countries have agreed that all new space tools can only stay in space for 25 years at most. Each tool must be built to fall safely into the earth's atmosphere after that time. In the upper parts of the atmosphere, it will burn up.
Many scientists also suggesting different ways to clean up space junk. In England scientists are testing a metal net that can be fired into space junk. The net catches the junk and then pulls it into the earth's atmosphere to burn up. The Germans are building robots that can collect pieces of space junk and bring them back to Earth to be safely destroyed.
The problem is becoming more challenging because we're sending more objects into space to help people use their mobile phones and computers,” says Marco Castronuovo, an Italian space
Researcher.
“The time to act is now. The longer we leave the problem, the bigger it will become,” he says.
1．What does the underlined word “these” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A．Telescopes.
B．Satellites.
C．Pieces of space junk.
D．BBC news reports.
2．Why is space junk considered a problem
A．It buns up after it re-enters the atmosphere
B．It often stops the view of telescopes on Earth
C．It could force new space tools to travel at slower speeds
D．It may crash into other space tools causing damage or death
3．Countries want future space tools to be able to fall back into the earth's atmosphere so that .
A．the tools can be reused later
B．the tools don't become space junk
C．the earth’s atmosphere can stay clean
D．the effects of space flight can be studied
4．How do the Germans plan to deal with space junk
A．Catch it with nets.
B．Use robots to collect it.
C．Burn it in the earth's atmosphere.
D．Send it further away from the earth.
5．In which section of the newspaper would you probably read this article
A．Environment.
B．Local News.
C．Education.
D．Fashion.
Andrew Holleman, a 12-year-old boy,loved playing in the open land near his home.The land was wet and forested, and made a home for birds, other animals and many different plants.
It made the perfect place for him to study and get to know the nature. He had seen some red-tail hawks, red foxes, wood turtles and other animals. He also found special native flowers.
Suddenly it was announced that the “empty” land would be improved by a lot of houses on it. The plants would be removed, the animals would run away and most would probably die. Then the wet soil would be covered with extra grounds.
When he heard about the news, he was not happy. He was very worried that the land ans water would be polluted.
Andrew wrote down clearly all the research he had down about the area, and how the houses would affect the local environment. He sent letters to members of local government and television reporters. He also called on his neighbors to oppose the building of the houses.
Although he was only 12 years old, he had the courage and wisdom of a person much older. Andrew’ s teachers described him as gentle, shy and active. His classmates also admired how much he knew about local animals and plants,and the environment.Each day after school, Andrew went door-to-door, to ask the people to sign, who did not want the houses to be built. In only one month, he got the signatures of 250 people.
In the end, the land remained a safe place for birds, animals and plants that belonged there.
Andrew won many prizes for his brave and great work to stop the houses being built,and thus help save the environment.
6．The passage is mainly about_______.
A．250 people who signed to help Andrew.
B．a brave boy who cared for the environment.
C．the open land that suited animals and plants
D．the research of improving the environment.
7．The underlined word “oppose” in the passage probably means_______.
A．support B．dislike
C．disagree D．prefer
8．Andrew was very worried because________.
A．the animals would be killed
B．new houses would be built on the open land
C．not all the neighbors were going to sign
D．was praised by his teachers and classmates
9．According to the passage, Andrew__________.
A．was good at going door-to door
B．got in no touch with the reporters
C．usually acted like a person much older
D．was praised by his teachers and classmates
10．We can infer that_______.
A．the land would remain as it used to be
B．the open land would be built into a park
C．the neighbors would have to move away
D．Andrew would soon work for the government
In Australia there is a famous island called Fraser Island. A great many visitors come here for holidays every year. Why The reason is that it is special. 11 . In fact, it is the largest sand island in the world. It's about 200 kilometers long and 240 kilometers wide.
Though the island is a popular place of interest, there is no airport on the island. The long beach along the east coast works as the airport. 12 .
On the island there are sand hills without any plants, but there are forests with old trees, beautiful flowers and over a hundred lakes, too. 13 .
Every year, visitors come to enjoy the island's natural beauty. People like camping and hiking there. 14 . Animals were killed for food and this made them in danger of extinction (灭绝). They threw rubbish everywhere, and the lakes were seriously polluted.
15 . Rules have been set up. For example, visitors are not allowed to use motorboats (摩托艇) or go fishing in the lakes, and they mustn't leave any rubbish.
A．Planes arrive and leave from here
B．Anyone who breaks the rules will be punished
C．The island is completely made of sand
D．Unluckily, visitors have caused many problems
E．Many kinds of birds and animals live in the forest
F．So it is time to protect the environment of the island
There are some easy things you can do to protect the environment and the earth. Choose ideas from the list or come up with a few of your own.
·Plant flowers, grass or trees.
·Whenever you visit a park or beach, take away what you bring there—keep rubbish in a bag until you can put it in a dustbin.
·Turn off the lights and TV sets when you leave the room. This can save a lot of electricity.
·Turn off the tap when you brush your teeth. You can save some water by not letting it run. Also, use a glass cup instead of a paper cup because this saves paper.
·Keep the doors and windows closed in winter to keep warm air in.
·Give your old books and magazines to a library instead of throwing them away.
·Give your old clothes to poor children you know instead of throwing them away.
·Use both sides of paper.
·Stop pouring dirty water into the rivers or lakes nearby.
·Encourage all your friends to do the same things you do to help protect the earth. You don’t have to wait until Earth Day to do these things. Make every day Earth Day. If everyone makes a contribution to protecting the environment, the world will become much more beautiful.
16．From the above, we know that this is_______.
A．a sign B．a proposal (倡议书)
C．an advertisement D．a notice
17．The writer tells us _______.
A．to throw rubbish in to a dustbin B．to pour dirty water into the rivers
C．to save water D．we can’t do these things until Earth Day
18．We can _______to save paper.
A．use a paper cup B．use both sides of paper
C．give old books to a library D．pick up waste paper at a school
19．Which of the following is wrong according to the writer
A．Turn off the lights when leaving the room. B．Close the doors and windows in winter.
C．Use a paper cup when brushing your teeth. D．Give your old clothes to the poor children.
20．What’s the best title of the passage
A．Protect the Earth B．Save Water and Electricity
C．Make Better Use of Old Things D．Save Money
Earth Day is on April 22. Since 1970, it has grown into a global （全球的） event. Setting up Earth Day is a way to show how much we care about the future of our planet. It is also a good time to learn more about the environment and how we can help to protect it.
Earth Day is not just about big events but also about thousands of smaller ones to deal with environmental problems in the neighborhood. Not sure where to start Some experts （专家） have made a list of 10 things that each person could do to save the environment. Each of us is responsible for acting, even in small ways. We can’t say: “The problem is too big, I can’t fix it”.
If we all do at least five of these following things all the time, we can make a big difference.
● Don’t leave the tap running.
● Turn off lights when you leave a room.
● Turn off your computers every night.
● Don’t use paper cups, plates or napkins.
● Care for trees, plants and animals.
● Carry a cloth bag for shopping.
● Wash your clothes in warm or cold water, not hot water.
● Only buy electrical products if you really need them.
● Eat earth-friendly food that is grown of raised as close to your house as possible.
● Tell other people about Earth Day and the ways they can help the environment.
Remember that every day is Earth Day. Anything to help our environment is a perfect thing to do on Earth Day and every day.
21．Earth Day is on ________.
A．April 12 B．April 22 C．April 19 D．April 23
22．The writer tells us that ________ can play a role in saving the environment.
A．experts B．others C．everyone D．anyone
23．According to the passage, we are expected to take a ________ for shopping
A．paper cup B．paper plate C．plastic bag D．cloth bag
24．Earth Day was set up to tell us ________.
A．to care about the future of the earth and protect it B．not to leave the tap running
C．to turn off the computers every night D．to care for trees, plants and animals
25．What may be the best title for the passage
A．Animal Protection B．Tree Planting Day C．Earth Day D．Saving Energy
The earth is about 4,600 million years old. Modern man has lived on the earth for only 35,000 years, but during that time, we have changed our planet in many ways. Many of the things that we have done are good, but more are not good for the earth.
Water pollution
A lot of people, birds and fish die each day because of water pollution. Factories have polluted the land and the water. As a result, many rivers and lakes are now dead.
Air pollution
In big cities, factories, as well as cars, trucks and buses are the main cause of air pollution. Many people in cities now have serious health problems. For example, Mexico city used to be a beautiful sunny capital, but today it is always covered by thick brown clouds.
Soil pollution
In order to have a good harvest, most of the farmers use chemicals too much in their fields. That’s bad for the soil. But this kind of pollution is difficult to stop.
Hope for the future
These problems are very serious for our future, so all of us should do something to improve our environment. If we can stop pollution, our planet will become more and more beautiful and our health will be better. Let’s be greener people!
26．_____ have made the earth change a lot.
A．Human beings B．Animals C．Plants D．People in other planets
27．There are _____ kinds of pollution in this passage.
A．two B．three C．four D．five
28．Pollution isn’t a big problem now, is it
A．Yes, it is. B．No, it isn’t. C．Yes, there is. D．No, there isn’t.
29．Which sentence is NOT right according to the passage
A．Most of things that we have done are good for our planet.
B．We must stop the factories from pouring waste water into the rivers and lakes.
C．Because of water pollution, many rivers and lakes are now dead.
D．Water pollution is very serious nowadays.
30．Which sentence is RIGHT
A．Though Mexico city is always covered by thick brown clouds, it’s still a beautiful sunny capital.
B．Air pollution can make people sick.
C．Now fewer farmers use chemicals in the fields.
D．Factories, cars, trucks and buses are the main cause of soil pollution.
When you think of the Arctic (北极), you imagine an icy land of pure white snow. Others imagine it as the last really clean place left on earth. We have polluted the deepest oceans with plastic rubbish. “And now”, CNN says, “It’s the Arctic’s turn.”
German scientists have recently found microplastics in Arctic snow. Microplastics are pieces of plastic smaller than 5 millimeters. Sadly, the scientists found 1800 pieces of microplastics per liter of (每升) snow.
How is plastic pollution reaching the Arctic According to scientists, “It’s clear that most of the microplastics in the snow come from the air.” They fall off the plastic objects and are moved by the wind, just like dust. They mix with ice in the air and fall to the ground as snow. Finding these plastics in Arctic snow means that we may breathe them in.
Are they bad for us Scientists cannot answer this question for now, according to the WHO. We do know that our bodies cannot take in “large” pieces of microplastics. However, if the plastics are small enough, they can find ways into our bodies and stay there for a long time, which can be bad for our health. What’s more, earlier studies have shown that microplastics may contribute to lung cancer risk.
Microplastics have also been found in rivers and oceans around the world. Earlier research has found that they flow over long distances and into our oceans, hurting ecosystems along the way. They start in our wastewater, then flow into rivers and out to the sea, where they are eaten by sea animals. If people then eat these animals, it means that we’re eating the plastic as well.
31．We can learn from Paragraph 1 that________.
A．the Arctic is the last really clean place left on earth
B．the Arctic is an icy land of pure white snow
C．the Arctic is a beautiful icy land with clean air
D． the Arctic has been polluted by plastic rubbish
32．The underlined word “contribute” means “_______” in Chinese.
A．增加 B．捐献 C．造成 D．是……原因之一
33．Where do most of the microplastics in the snow come from
A．From water. B．From air. C．From wind. D．From food.
34．Which of the following isn’t true
A．We may breathe microplastics in Arctic.
B．Microplastics may cause lung cancer.
C．We don’t have to mind microplastics right now.
D． Microplastics have hurt ecosystems.
35．How does the writer end this passage
A．By advising us to drink clean water.
B．By asking people not to eat sea animals.
C．By telling the seriousness of plastic pollution.
D．By showing the beauty of Arctic.
I’m sure you all know how important recycling is. Recycling is when you take old things and turn them into new things. It sounds like magic. But it’s actually very scientific.
Materials The first thing you have to do is collect items that can be recycled. Only certain materials can be recycled. These include things made out of paper, metal, glass and plastic.
Daily things Can you think of everyday items made of these materials Soda cans are a good example. They are made out of metal. Magazines and newspapers are made out of paper. So are cereal boxes. Some bottles of juice are made out of glass. Bags and yogurt containers are made out of plastic. There are many things that can be recycled.
Loop These things are usually stamped with the recycling loop. It has 3 arrows that go in a triangular (三角形的) circle. This shows that the cycle (循环) continues. Items are thrown away but continue their lives as something else.
Process Let’s go back to the process of recycling. ①The items are put in a recycling bin. ②A truck carries the items to a recycling plant. ③The materials are separated and squashed into square cubes. ④Companies buy and turn them into new products.
36．What is “recycling” according to the passage
A．It’s a magic performance. B．It’s a way of burning old things.
C．It’s a way to make old things useful. D．It’s scientific research.
37．Which material is not mentioned in the passage
A．Rubber. B．Metal. C．Glass. D．Plastic.
38．You can put your old things into a recycling bin EXCEPT _________.
A．soda cans B．magazines C．cereal boxes D．all bottles
39．The “3 arrows” shows that the items _________.
A．have some valuable stamps B．are in a triangular circle
C．are recycled and reused D．are thrown away
40．The passage is mainly about _________.
A．recyclable materials B．recyclable daily things
C．the recycling process D．recycling in a scientific way
On a rainy day, about 150 volunteers worked for eight hours to clean up Carson Creek that is near a river. About nine tons of trash was taken out from there.
“We did a good job,” said Alan Specter, the organizer of the event. “We’ve planned to come back here one more time. Of course, we hope that there won’t be so much trash next time.”
The trash came in all shapes, sizes and colors: bottles, bicycles, batteries, furniture, clothing, plastic bags, dolls and even a golf bag with a full set of golf clubs (高尔夫球杆).
The dirty and tiring work was done by two volunteering groups—Save the Bay and Watch the Whales. Most of the volunteers came from a local police station and a fire station. And some of them were old people who had already been retired.
That day, it rained a little. All of them wore boots and raincoats. The work took place along a two-mile river with over 500 big yellow trash bags everywhere.
No one found anything that cost much. A five-year-old boy found an earring which he thought might be worth a million dollars. He said he’d sell it. Then he’d donate half of the money to Watch the Whales, and use the other half to buy his favorite ice-cream every day.
Many people laughed at the boy’s story.
However, it was easily found that the environment there did become better.
41．What did the two volunteering groups do in Carson Creek
A．They collected a lot of trash. B．They helped a small boy achieve his dream.
C．They helped some homeless animals. D．They found something expensive.
42．Who is Alan Specter
A．A five-year-old boy. B．The organizer of the event.
C．A villager nearby. D．A policeman.
43．What does the underlined word “donate” mean
A．Put off. B．Pick up. C．Give away. D．Look for.
44．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage
A．There was more trash when the volunteers left that day.
B．The volunteers would come back to Carson Creek one more time.
C．There must be less trash when the volunteers get back again.
D．In fact, the earring which the small oy found cost little.
45．What is the best title for the passage
A．Rainy days B．Something useful by a river
C．A boy’s dream D．Cleaning up so much trash!
When your pen is broken, the battery（电池）in your toy runs out, or you have some leftover food, what will you do with these things You will probably throw them all into one bin. But actually, all of these pieces of trash need to be sorted（分类）separately.
Garbage sorting is a big issue worldwide. In recent years, some Chinese cities have been working hard on it.
Shanghai has worked with Alipay to create a “green account（账户）” service for its residents. Account holders get points by correctly sorting their garbage. Through the Alipay app, they can exchange the points for milk, phone cards and other products. The city is asking all of its residents to sort their garbage into four groups: wet, recyclable, harmful and dry.
Wet waste is also known as household waste. “They are things you don’t want but pigs can eat,” Guangzhou Daily explained Paper, metal, glass and other things that can be reused are recyclable waste.
Harmful waste includes things like medicine, batteries and fluorescent bulbs（荧光灯泡）.
Finally, any waste that’s not wet, recyclable or harmful will go in to the “dry waste” bin.
Many other Chinese cities are also using this method to sort their garbage. For example, Shenzhen has been sorting its garbage into the same four groups since 2012. Students there also receive waste-sorting guidebooks that they must study.
China is improving its waste-sorting efforts. There is still a long way to go. But it’s never too late to learn how to sort your trash properly and protect the environment.
If you don’t sort your garbage, all of it will go to a landfill（垃圾填埋场）and be buried together. These landfills can take up large areas of ground that could have been used for planting trees or crops. The electronic waste you throw away, such as batteries, can pollute the soil and groundwater（地下水）. Other pieces of garbage, like the metal part of a pen, can be used to make other things if they are properly recycled.
46．What does the underlined word “residents” in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese
A．清洁工 B．居民 C．农民 D．渔民
47．How is Shanghai encouraging people to sort their garbage
A．By creating a green account service with the help of Alipay.
B．By paying people to sort their trash correctly.
C．By allowing people to exchange garbage with each other.
D．By providing its residents with guidebooks to help them.
48．Which of the following would be classified as wet waste
A．Batteries. B．Glasses. C．Leftover food. D．Medicine.
49．What do we know about garbage sorting in China
A．It started its garbage sorting system in 2012.
B．Students have to take waste-sorting classes in school.
C．There is still a lot of work to be done in this area.
D．Landfills are a common method of getting rid of garbage.
50．What is the main idea of the last paragraph
A．Where we can bury our waste.
B．Why we should sort our garbage properly.
C．What kinds of waste can pollute the environment.
D．How some kinds of waste can be reused and recycled.
We have found plastic in the ocean and in animals like birds, fish and whales. But for the first time, scientists have found plastic in human poop (大便) , USA Today reported. The findings came from a study led by scientists from Environment Agency Austria 51 The volunteers wrote down what they ate for a week and then provided a stool sample (大便样本) for testing.
52 About 20 small plastic particles (IM) were found in every 10 grams (克) of stool. "The smallest plastic particles can enter the blood, the lymphatic system, and may even reach the liver (肝脏)," said Philipp Schwabl, who took part in the research. 53 They’re not sure how the plastic got in the volunteers' bodies, either. But most of the volunteers said they drank from plastic bottles and also ate seafood that could include plastic from ocean pollution.
In fact, plastic is everywhere around us. Every year, lots of plastic waste goes into the ocean. 54 Most of the particles stay in the ocean. Others can spread into the soil. and air. Could plastic in the air fall onto food and get into the human body
Some past studies may also give us a clue. 55 And even some drinking water has been found to have tiny plastic particles in it.
根据短文内容从方框中选出五个句子填入文中空缺处使短文内容通顺完整。
A．There, sunlight and waves (海浪) break the plastic waste down to very small pieces. B．The scientists are sure that the plastic must be harmful to humans. C． According to USA Today, 90% of sea salt which is sold in the world includes plastic. D．The scientists followed eight healthy volunteers from different parts of the world. E. However, the scientists aren't sure if the plastic is harmful to humans. F. Scientists found nine different kinds of plastic in the stool samples, according to the study.
Google and Toyota have worked together to create a new smart car. It can run on the road without a driver. It drives itself. The self-driving car hasn’t been on sale to the public, so we don’t know how much it costs. Another thing most people want to know is whether it will be safe enough to run on the road.
The self-driving car uses electricity as its power, and it can’t drive very quickly—the top speed would be 25 miles per hour. It is actually controlled by a computer system (系统) on the car. The system keeps on collecting information by some video cameras inside the car and a LIDAR sensor (激光雷达传感器) on top of it. A computer processes the information and decides what to do. “The self-driving car has only buttons for go and stop, so it’s very easy to use,” an engineer of Google says. “And what’s more, it will make car accidents less and make the world a safer place.” The self-driving car has driven hundreds of thousands of miles in California, and it has only gotten into two accidents by human mistake.
According to CNN, self-driving cars will also help to reduce (减少) the number of cars in big cities. “Self-driving cars would be able to send you to the workplace and then pick up another person instead of stopping in a parking lot.”
56．We don’t know the price of the self-driving car because ________.
A．it is on sale only in America
B．it isn’t made for sale
C．people can get it for free
D．it hasn’t been on sale to the public
57．The self-driving car can collect information using ________.
①video cameras ②a computer
③a LIDAR sensor ④a computer system
A．①② B．①③
C．①②③ D．①②③④
58．According to CNN, self-driving cars will ________.
A．send us more quickly to the workplace
B．lead to heavier traffic
C．improve traffic condition in big cities
D．carry more people than a normal car
59．Which statements is not Right
A．The self-driving car uses electricity as its power.
B．it will make car accidents less.
C．Toyota created a new smart car.
D．It’s not difficult to use.
60．The underlined word “ button” means “________” in Chinese
A．遥控器 B．按钮 C．开关 D．设备
Thirty years ago, Lake Ponkapog in Hartwell, New Jersey, was full of life. Many birds and animals lived beside the water, which was full of fish. Now there are few birds, animals, and fish.
The lake water is polluted (污染的). It is in a color of dirty brown, and it is filled with strange plants.
How does this happen First we must think about how water gets into Lake Ponkapog. When it rains, water comes into the lake from all around. In the past there were forests all around Lake Ponkapog so the rain water was clean.
Now there are many homes around the lake. People often use chemicals (化学品) in their gardens. They use other chemicals inside their houses for cleaning or killing insects (昆虫). There are also many businesses. Businesses use chemicals in their machines or shops. Other chemicals fall onto the ground from cars or trucks. When it rains, the rain water picks up all the chemicals from homes and businesses and then carries them into the lake. They pollute the water and kill the animals.
Boats on the lake are also a problem. Lake Ponkapog is a popular place for motorboats. But oil and gas (油和汽) from boats often get into the lake. So more bad chemicals go into the water this way.
People in Hartwell are worried. They love their lake and want to save it. Will it be possible A clean lake must have clean rainwater going into it. Clean rainwater is possible only if people are more careful about chemicals at home and at work. They must also be more careful about gas and oil and other chemicals on the ground. And they mustn't use motorboats any more on the lake. All these may change people's lives. Only then can Lake Ponkapog be a beautiful, clean lake again.
61．In the past, the water in Lake Ponkapog was made clean by ______.
A．forests B．rain C．birds D．fish
62．Chemicals from homes and businesses ______.
A．are always clean
B．can help the animals
C．are good for the lake
D．get into the rainwater
63．Cleaner rainwater will mean ______.
A．more boats on the lake
B．more dirty things in the lake
C．a cleaner lake
D．a dirtier lake
64．To save Lake Ponkapog, people need to ______.
A．be more careful about chemicals
B．use less water
C．grow fewer plants in the gardens
D．use more motorboats on the lake
65．The passage is about ______.
A．boats on Lake Ponkapog
B．why the water is dirty in Lake Ponkapog
C．clean rainwater
D．dirty lakes
阅读短文,根据短文内容,从短文后的五个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项只能用一次。
Simple Ways to Protect the Environment
We all want to protect our planet, but most of us are too busy or too lazy to put up big changes. 66 . There is nothing new here. But if you follow at least some of these tips, you can be proud of yourself taking part in the protection of the environment.
Turn off your devices(设备).
When you do not use a house device, turn it off. For example, turn off the light when you leave a room. If you don't watch TV, turn it off. It's an easy habit to take up which will help you save a lot of money.
67 .
It is true that these low energy light bulbs are more expensive, but they last much longer and they can save energy. In the long term you save money as well.
Donate(捐赠).
You may throw away lots of clothes or things you don't want. 68 . These charities may sell them and collect a little money. Not only will you protect the environment, but you will also help other people.
Save water.
69 . You use about 5 gallons of water if you leave the water running while brushing your teeth. Reuse the washing machine water to flush the toilet. Taking shorter showers will help too, as it will save water.
70 .But all these tips on the list will help you protect the environment and save money.
A．Use low energy light bulbs
B．Don't leave the water running
C．This list is far from being complete
D．You may also choose to give them to charities
E．In fact, small changes in daily life will make a difference
All animals produce waste. We call it “waste”, but we all know it can be very useful. Farmers have long used animal and human waste as a fertilizer (肥料). In some parts of the world, animal waste or poop, is collected, dried and burned for cooking and heating. 71
The Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding has an unusual way of using animal waste. The pandas in it produce a lot of poop a day. 72 It’s not strange. After all, paper is made from plant fiber (植物纤维), which cannot be digested (消化) and simply goes through the body as waste.
Since pandas eat nothing but bamboo, their waste is perfect paper material. 73 Their stomachs haven’t fully developed for their vegetarian diet, so their bodies make use of just 20% of what they eat. The other 80% comes out as poop: very high in fiber and perfect for paper.
After the poop is collected, it is cleaned, crushed and poured into frames to dry. 74 No one can guess where the paper comes from. And because of its good quality (质量) as well as the worldwide popularity of the panda, gift products made from the paper sell well.
75 They got the idea from the elephant dung paper (由大象粪便做的纸) made at the Elephant Conservation Center in Chiang Mai, Thailand. And Creative Paper Wales in the UK sells paper gifts made from sheep waste.
根据材料内容，将A—E五个句子填入文中空白处，使材料完整、通顺，并将其标号填写在下面题号后的横线上。
A．What’s more, pandas have a special advantage.
B．After this process, it becomes really good, strong paper.
C．But have you ever heard of paper that’s made from poop
D．However, the Chinese aren’t the first to make paper from animal waste.
E．This material is being turned into a new product called Panda Poop Paper.
Hundreds of years ago, life was harder than it is today. People didn’t have modern machines. There was no modern medicine, either.
Life today has brought new problems. One of the biggest is pollution. Water pollution has made our rivers and lakes dirty. It kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us talk louder and become angry more easily. Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution to all living things in the world.
Cars, planes and factories all pollute our air every day. Sometimes the polluted air is so thick that it is like a quilt (被状物) over a city. This kind of quilt is called smog.
Many countries are making rules to fight pollution. Factories must now clean their water before it is thrown away, and they mustn’t let dirty smoke go into the air.
We need to do many other things. We can put waste things in the dustbin and do not throw them on the ground. We can go to work by bus with our friends in the same car. If there are fewer people driving, there will be less pollution.
Rules are not enough. Every person must help to fight pollution.
76．Hundreds of years ago, life was much harder than it is today because _______.
A．there were not modern machines B．there was no modern medicine C．both A and B D．there were not many people
77．______ is the biggest pollution in today’s life.
A．Water pollution B．Air pollution
C．Noise pollution D．Pollution
78．The most serious kind of pollution is ________.
A．noise pollution B．air pollution C．water pollution D．A, B and C
79．Factories must clean their water ________.
A．before they are thrown away B．when they are thrown away
C．after it is thrown away D．before it is thrown away
80．From the passage, we know that _______.
A．a few years ago, there was no smog at all
B．today people don’t have to talk to each other loudly
C．we can drink water from the polluted rivers and lakes
D．people are making rules in order to (为了)fight pollution
二、完形填空
March 22 is World Water Day. It started in 1993. It not only makes us think about the importance of water, but also calls on（号召）us to 81 and protect water. Today, we're facing terrible water problems. Among them, the wastewater problem is rather 82 , And the subject of World Water Day in 2017 is “wastewater”.
What is wastewater It is used water. Usually, wastewater comes from homes, 83 , hospital and so on. It is produced by different kinds of activities, including washing machines, taking showers and using kitchens. The rain also 84 wastewater when it is running down the street during a storm. No matter where it comes from, this kind of water is sure to have 85 harmful in it．
86 must we treat（处理）wastewater Wastewater has a big influence in our lives. It causes both illness for us and pollution for the environment. We must care for our environment and our own 87 .
How can we treat wastewater Different kinds of wastewater need different ways of treatment. Wastewater 88 homes can be reused. Then there will be 89 wastewater. Also, factory wastewater has to be cleaned 90 it goes back to nature.
81．A．drink B．save C．carry D．watch
82．A．easy B．popular C．small D．serious
83．A．factories B．lakes C．rivers D．seas
84．A．gets back B．hands in C．changes into D．picks up
85．A．nothing B．something C．nobody D．somebody
86．A．What B．Who C．Why D．How
87．A．work B．interest C．health D．business
88．A．on B．for C．with D．from
89．A．less B．more C．better D．worse
90．A．and B．whether C．after D．before
三、任务型阅读
Almost a seventh of China has been under heavy smog. The air pollution in 20 cities has reached the “danger level”. China is not alone, however. Many countries have the same situation. The air pollution is a problem from which we can't hide.
The United States
Since the beginning of the 19th century, America has had trouble with environmental problems, air pollution in particular. Almost 60 percent of Americans live in areas, where air pollution has reached unhealthy levels. It can make people sick.
The US created the Environmental Protection Agency in 1970 and passed the Clean Air Act. Now the air all over the country is much cleaner, especially compared to ten years ago.
London
Yellow grey smog was a frequent visitor to London in the 1950s and got the name “London fog”. The heaviest, which shocked the world, was in 1952. Because of cold weather and windless conditions, polluted air covered the city. People could see something around them only in a few meters and about 4，000 people died. In 1956, London passed the Clean Air Act. It largely reduced air pollution.
New Delhi
Because New Delhi is developing fast, its air quality is even worse than that of Chinese cities. New Delhi has done little to improve air quality in recent years. However, the city government made a few changes more than 10 years ago. They moved industry out of the city, built a subway and improved public transport.
根据短文内容，完成下面的表格。
World Battles Against Air Pollution
China As for the air pollution, China is not 91 ； many countries have the same situation.
The United States About 60 percent of Americans live in areas, where 92 has reached unhealthy levels. The Environmental Protection Agency 93 by the US in 1970.
London In 1952, the 94 smog shocked the world.
New Delhi Because New Delhi is developing fast, its air quality is even 95 than that of Chinese cities.
四、选词填空
用方框中所给词的适当形式补全短文
home，become，burn，animal，change，everybody，law，important，result，lucky
The environment is everything around us，such as air，water， 96 ，plants and buildings.People can't live without the environment. 97 needs to breathe air，drink water and eat food every day.We 98 coal to keep warm，use wood to make paper.As a 99 ，we become part of the environment.
The environment has been getting worse and worse for many years.The air is polluted by smoke from factories.Machines make noises that annoy us.Animals are 100 because the forests are being cut down.Streets are crowded with people and vehicles.The environment is 101 painful for us to live in now.So it's time to solve these problems.
102 ，it isn't too late to correct our mistakes.People have come to realize the 103 of the environment and have begun to 104 their behavior.Our government is making 105 to deal with air，water and light pollution.We believe that we will be able to save our environment and live in a better world.
参考答案：
1．C 2．D 3．B 4．B 5．A
【分析】试题分析：本文主要讲述了垃圾不仅是地球上，而且也是太空里的一大问题，对人类生存环境造成极大的影响，许多科学家也提出了清理太空垃圾的不同方法。
1．根据前文According to BBC News, there are more than 22, 000 pieces of space junk floating around the earth.和There are also millions of smaller pieces of junk that we can't see.可知，“these”指“太空垃圾”。故选C。
2．根据第三段第一句Objects, like bits of old space rockets or satellites, move around the planet at very high speeds fast that even a very small piece can break important satellites or become dangerous to astronauts. 可知，它可能会撞击其他空间工具造成损害或破坏。故选D。
3．根据第五段第一句 To reduce additional space junk, countries have agreed that all new space tools can only stay in space for 25 years at most.可知，是为了使太空工具不成为太空垃圾。故选B。
4．根据第六段最后一句 The Germans are building robots that can collect pieces of space junk and bring them back to Earth to be safely destroyed.可知，德国人计划利用机器人回收太空垃圾。故选B。
5．根据本文主要讲述了垃圾不仅是地球上，而且也是太空的一大问题，对人类生存环境造成极大的影响，许多科学家也提出了清理太空垃圾的不同方法， 所以本语篇与“环境”有关。故选A。
6．B 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．A
【分析】试题分析：本文介绍了一个关心环境，保护环境的小男孩的故事。他喜欢他家附近的一片空旷的土地，他照顾那里的小鸟和动物。得知这里要建很多房子，他担心这样会破坏环境，就写信给政府官员，并且让不想在这里建房子的邻居签名。最后这片土地仍然是属于小鸟，动物和植物的安全家园。
6．B概括归纳题。根据Andrew won many prizes for his brave and great work to stop the houses being built,and thus help save the environment.可知全文围绕着一个勇敢的男孩为保护环境所做的事展开的，故选B。
7．C词义猜测题。根据The plants would be removed, the animals would run away and most would probably die. 可知在这块土地上建很多房子会导致植物被除去，动物逃走或死去，有很多坏影响，因此Andrew号召邻居们不同意在这里建很多房子，故选C。
8．B细节理解题。根据 第三段的Suddenly it was announced that the “empty” land would be improved by a lot of houses on it和第四段的 When he heard about the news, he was not happy. He was very worried that the land ans water would be polluted.可知因为Andrew听说将要在这片开阔的土地上建造很多新房子，他担心了，故选B。
9．D推理判断题。根据第六段的Andrew’ s teachers described him as gentle, shy and active. His classmates also admired how much he knew about local animals and plants,and the environment.可知Andrew的老师表扬他，他的同学钦佩他，故选D。
10．A推理判断题。根据第七段的In the end, the land remained a safe place for birds, animals and plants that belonged there.可知那片土地仍和过去一样属于小鸟，动物和植物的安全家园，故选A。
考点：环保类短文阅读。
11．C 12．A 13．E 14．D 15．F
【分析】本文主要介绍了澳大利亚的弗雷泽沙岛的一些情况。
11．句意：这个岛完全是用沙子建造的。根据下文内容In fact, it is the largest sand island in the world. （事实上，它是世界上最大的沙岛。）结合句意和语境可知选C。
12．句意：飞机在这里起降。根据上文The long beach along the east coast works as the airport.（沿东海岸的长滩作为机场）结合句意和语境可知选A。
13．句意：森林里有许多种类的鸟和动物。根据上文but there are forests with old trees, beautiful flowers and over a hundred lakes, too.（但是这里有数片森林，森林有古老的树木，美丽的花朵和超过一百个湖泊。）结合句意和语境可知选E。
14．句意：不幸地是，游客已经制造了很多麻烦。根据下文Animals were killed for food and this made them in danger of extinction (灭绝). They threw rubbish everywhere, and the lakes were seriously polluted.（动物被杀死当作食品，这使他们处于濒临灭绝。他们到处乱扔垃圾，湖泊受到严重污染。）结合句意和语境可知选D。
15．句意：所以到了保护海岛环境的时候了。根据上文Animals were killed for food and this made them in danger of extinction (灭绝). They threw rubbish everywhere, and the lakes were seriously polluted.（动物被杀死当作食品，这使他们处于濒临灭绝。他们到处乱扔垃圾，湖泊受到严重污染。）和下文Rules have been set up.（已经制定了规则。）结合句意和语境可知选F
点睛：六选五题型，给出一篇缺少5个句子的文章，对应有六个选项，要求同学们根据文章结构、内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。“主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。从该题型给出的选项中我们可以发现一些特点：该题型选项大致可分为主旨概括句（文章整体内容）、过渡性句子（文章结构）和注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）三类。另外两个多余的干扰项也可以通过这三个特点来排除，例如主旨概括句要么过于宽泛要么以偏概全或偏离主题，过渡性句子不能反映文章的行文结构，注释性句子与上文脱节等。做这种题时，1、先看选项。我们可以通过句子的完整性或者句子后面的标点符号来判断该句在文章中的位置。我们可以看出C和D是概括性语言，应是段落开头。A，E，F是结论，应是句文中。B选项好像与其他选项没关系，可以排除。再看空前空后。2。由于六选五空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系，因此我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。例如，本文第1题。根据下文内容In fact, it is the largest sand island in the world. （事实上，它是世界上最大的沙岛。）结合句意和语境可知选C（The island is completely made of sand这个岛完全是用沙子建造的。）。
16．B 17．C 18．B 19．C 20．A
【分析】本文主要列举了一些保护环境的具体措施，倡导大家积极保护地球环境。
16．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“If everyone makes a contribution to protecting the environment, the world will become much more beautiful”以及文中列举的保护环境的措施可知，本文主要是倡导大家保护环境，因此本文是一篇倡议书。故选B。
17．细节理解题。根据“Turn off the tap when you brush your teeth. You can save some water by not letting it run”可知，作者告诉我们刷牙时要关掉水龙头，以此来节约用水。故选C。
18．细节理解题。根据“Use both sides of paper”可知，我们可以通过使用纸张的两面来节约纸张。故选B。
19．细节理解题。A选项：离开房间时关灯。根据“Turn off the lights and TV sets when you leave the room”可知，A选项正确；B选项：冬天关闭门窗。根据“Keep the doors and windows closed in winter to keep warm air in”可知，B选项正确；C选项：刷牙时用纸杯。根据“use a glass cup instead of a paper cup”可知，C选项错误；D选项：把你的旧衣服送给贫穷的孩子。根据“Give your old clothes to poor children”可知，D选项正确。故选C。
20．最佳标题题。根据文章首句“There are some easy things you can do to protect the environment and the earth”以及下文列举的保护地球环境的措施可知，本文的主题是“保护地球，保护环境”，因此选择Protect the Earth作为标题最合适。故选A。
21．B 22．C 23．D 24．A 25．C
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍了地球日和保护环境的建议。
21．细节理解题。根据“Earth Day is on April 22.”可知，地球日在4月22日。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据“Some experts （专家） have made a list of 10 things that each person could do to save the environment.”可知，每个人都能够拯救环境。故选C。
23．细节理解题。根据“Carry a cloth bag for shopping.”可知，购物时要带一个布袋。故选D。
24．细节理解题。根据“Setting up Earth Day is a way to show how much we care about the future of our planet. It is also a good time to learn more about the environment and how we can help to protect it.”可知，地球日是为了让我们关心地球的未来并保护它。故选A。
25．最佳标题题。根据“Earth Day is on April 22. Since 1970, it has grown into a global （全球的） event.”可知，这篇文章介绍了地球日。故选C。
26．A 27．B 28．A 29．A 30．B
【分析】试题分析：这篇短文主要介绍了人类造成的三种污染，水污染，空气污染和土壤污染对地球造成的影响。倡议人们要停止污染保护我们的地球。
26．细节理解题。根据Modern man has lived on the earth for only 35,000 years, but during that time, we have changed our planet(行星) in many ways.可知人类在很多方面改变了我们的地球。故选A。
27．细节理解题。通读全文，共有三种污染，水污染，空气污染和土壤污染。故选B。
28．细节理解题。根据These problems are very serious for our future, so all of us should do something to improve our environment.可知这些问题对我们的未来是非常严重的，所以我们应该做些什么来改善我们的环境。回答反意疑问句时要根据实际情况作答，现今污染问题依旧严重，用肯定回答。故选A。
29．细节理解题。根据Many of the things that we have done are good, but more are not good for the earth.可知有许多事情我们做的都是好的，但是更多的是不好的，A项错误。故选A。
30．细节理解题。根据Many people in cities now have serious health problems.可知在城市里的很多人现在都有严重的健康问题，这是因为空气污染。故选B。
31．D 32．A 33．B 34．C 35．C
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如今出现了一种污染——微塑料。本文详细介绍了什么是微塑料以及它对人类和环境的危害。
31．细节理解题。根据“We have polluted the deepest oceans with plastic rubbish”，可知北极已经被塑料垃圾所污染，故选D。
32．词义猜测题。划线词所在句句意为“早期研究已表明微塑料可能________肺癌风险”。结合备选项与常识可知，“风险”应该与增加或减少等词搭配，故选A。
33．细节理解题。根据“It’s clear that most of the microplastics in the snow come from the air”，可知雪中的微塑料来自于空气中，故选B。
34．细节理解题。根据“Finding these plastics in Arctic snow means that we may breathe them in”，可知我们可能会在北极呼吸到微塑料，A选项表述正确；根据“earlier studies have shown that microplastics may contribute to lung cancer risk”，可知微塑料可能会增加肺癌风险，B选项表述正确；根据“Earlier research has found that they flow over long distances and into our oceans, hurting ecosystems along the way”，可知微塑料也伤害了生态系统，D选项表述正确；根据文章内容，可知微塑料已经危及到我们的身体健康、危害到生态系统，我们应该要重视，而不是不在意，C选项表述错误，故选C。
35．细节理解题。根据“If people then eat these animals, it means that we’re eating the plastic as well”，可知结尾作者是在强调塑料污染的严重性，故选C。
36．C 37．A 38．D 39．C 40．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了科学回收利用废品，具体讲了材料、程序及标志等。
36．细节理解题。根据“Recycling is when you take old things and turn them into new things.”可知，回收利用是将旧的东西变成新的东西，即是一种使旧的东西有用的方法。故选C。
37．细节理解题。根据“These include things made out of paper, metal, glass and plastic.”可知，这些材料包括纸、金属、玻璃和塑料，没有提及橡胶。故选A。
38．细节理解题。根据“Some bottles of juice are made out of glass.”可知，有些瓶子是用玻璃做的，并不是所有的瓶子。故选D。
39．细节理解题。根据“This shows that the cycle continues. Items are thrown away but continue their lives as something else.”（这表明循环继续，物品被丢弃但是作为其他东西继续它们的生命）可知，其表明物品回收再利用。故选C。
40．主旨大意题。根据“Recycling is when you take old things and turn them into new things. It sounds like magic. But it’s actually very scientific.”及全文可知，本文主要讲述了科学回收利用。故选D。
41．A 42．B 43．C 44．A 45．D
【导语】本文讲述保护海湾和观察鲸鱼的志愿者组织帮助清理大量垃圾。
41．细节理解题。根据“about 150 volunteers worked for eight hours to clean up Carson Creek that is near a river. About nine tons of trash was taken out from there.”可知，他们收集了很多垃圾。故选A。
42．细节理解题。根据“‘We did a good job,’ said Alan Specter, the organizer of the event.”可知，艾伦·斯佩克特是活动的组织者。故选B。
43．词义猜测题。根据“Then he’d donate half of the money to Watch the Whales, and use the other half to buy his favorite ice-cream every day.”可知，他会捐出一半的钱去看鲸鱼，并用另一半钱每天买他最喜欢的冰淇淋。推出donate的意思为“捐赠”。故选C。
44．推理判断题。根据“About nine tons of trash was taken out from there.”可知，那天志愿者离开时，垃圾更多了，表达错误。故选A。
45．最佳标题。根据“About nine tons of trash was taken out from there.”及下文的介绍可知，本文主要讲述志愿者清理大量垃圾。故选D。
46．B 47．A 48．C 49．C 50．B
【导语】本文介绍了中国的一些城市一直努力进行垃圾分类。上海通过支付宝打造“绿色账户”服务，鼓励人们垃圾分类。许多其他中国城市也在进行分类垃圾。
46．词义猜测题。根据“Shanghai has worked with Alipay to create a ‘green account（账户）’ service for its residents”可知，上海为市民推出的“绿色账户”服务，所以划线单词表示“居民”，故选B。
47．细节理解题。根据“Shanghai has worked with Alipay to create a ‘green account（账户）’ service for its residents. Account holders get points by correctly sorting their garbage.”可知，上海通过支付宝打造“绿色账户”服务，鼓励人们垃圾分类，故选A。
48．推理判断题。根据“Wet waste is also known as household waste. ‘They are things you don’t want but pigs can eat,’ Guangzhou Daily explained”可知，湿垃圾也被称作厨余垃圾，这些垃圾是可以用来喂猪的，所以四个选项中C选项属于湿垃圾，故选C。
49．细节理解题。根据“China is improving its waste-sorting efforts. There is still a long way to go.”可知，中国在垃圾分类方面还有很多工作要做。故选C。
50．主旨大意题。根据“If you don’t sort your garbage, all of it will go to a landfill（垃圾填埋场）and be buried together…”可知，最后一段告诉我们正确地垃圾分类是非常重要的，因此本段主要关于我们为什么应该正确地垃圾分类，故选B。
51．D 52．F 53．E 54．A 55．C
【分析】我们在一些海洋动物中发现了塑料，而且最近科学家在人类粪便中也发现了塑料。为此科学家对一些志愿者做了实验，证明确实人体中含有塑料，并说明了塑料是如何进入海洋动物和人体的。
51．根据后文The volunteers wrote down what they ate for a week….既然这里提到志愿者，所以是科学家们对一些志愿者们进行了研究，结合选项这和D选项“科学家们跟踪了来自世界各地的八名健康志愿者”内容是一致的，故选D。
52．因为前文提到了科学家对8名志愿者进行了研究，所以这里要对研究结果进行说明，所以F “根据这项研究，科学家在粪便样本中发现了九种不同的塑料”，是研究结果，故选F。
53．根据后文They’re not sure how the plastic got in the volunteers' bodies, either. 他们也不确定塑料是如何进入志愿者体内的。这里提到了“也不确定”，所以前文是“不确定….”, 故这和E中“不确定塑料是否对人类有害”是对应的，故选E。
54．根据前文Every year, lots of plastic waste goes into the ocean. 每年都有大量的塑料废料流入海洋。所以这里要说明塑料进入海洋之后发生了什么，故这和A选项“在那里，阳光和海浪把塑料垃圾分解成很小的碎片。”是对应的，故选A。
55．根据后文even some drinking water has been found to have tiny plastic particles in it. 提到甚至在一些饮用水中也发现了塑料颗粒，所以这里在说“在….中存在塑料颗粒”，故这和C选项中的“90% of sea salt which is sold in the world includes plastic.”是对应的，故选C。
【点睛】本题属于选择句子补全短文，每个选项和上下文之间都有一定的联系，所以在写这类题目时阅读上下文，从上下文找出和选项之间的联系是至关重要的。例如第3小题，我们需要找的关键信息就是后文中的they are not sure….., either。既然在表达“也不确定…..”, 可以推测前面一定在说某件不确定的事情，对照选项，E选项中的 the scientists aren't sure 和此处是有联系的，故选E。
56．D 57．B 58．C 59．C 60．B
【分析】本文主要介绍一款新型的自动无人驾驶小汽车，具体介绍了它的工作原理及优点。
56．细节理解题。根据第一段“The self-driving car hasn’t been on sale to the public, so we don’t know how much it costs.”可知，这款自动驾驶汽车还没有向公众出售，所以不知道它的价格。故选D。
57．细节理解题。根据第二段“The system keeps on collecting information by some video cameras inside the car and a LIDAR sensor (激光雷达传感器) on top of it.”可知，自动驾驶汽车通过车内的一些摄像机和激光雷达传感器收集信息。故选B。
58．细节理解题。根据最后一段“…self-driving cars will also help to reduce (减少) the number of cars in big cities.”可知，自动驾驶汽车将有助于减少大城市汽车的数量，改善交通状况。故选C。
59．细节理解题。根据第一段首句“Google and Toyota have worked together to create a new smart car.”可知，新的智能汽车由谷歌和丰田合作开发，并不是丰田单独研发。故选C。
60．词义猜测题。根据划线单词后面“…for go and stop, so it’s very easy to use”可推测，自动驾驶汽车使用起来非常方便，因为它只有前行和停止的按钮。故选B。
61．A 62．D 63．C 64．A 65．B
【分析】试题分析：这篇短文主要讲述了美国新泽西州卡本蓬湖的湖水变脏的原因，并提出了适当的建议。
61．根据第二段In the past, there were forests all round Lake Ponkapog, so the rainwater was clean. 描述，可知选A。
62．根据When it rains, the rainwater picks up all the chemicals from home and businesses and then carries them into the lake 。及上文描述，可知选D。
63．根据When it rains, the rainwater picks up all the chemicals from home and businesses and then carries them into the lake .及下文A clean lake must have clean rainwater going into it.描述，可知更干净的雨水造就更干净的湖泊。故选C。
64．最后一段Clean rainwater is possible only if people are more careful about chemicals at home and at other chemicals on the ground.描述，可知选A。
65．这篇短文主要讲述了美国新泽西州卡本蓬湖的湖水变脏的原因。故选B。
考点：关于湖水污染问题的说明文阅读
点评：本文中长句较多，一时很难读懂句子含义，注意多读几遍，不要强求非得理解一词一句的含义，能把握文章大意就行。然后带着问题阅读短文，一般就能顺利找出答题依据。对于不能直接找到根据的问题注意联系上下文，根据短文中心总结出正确答案。
66．E 67．A 68．D 69．B 70．C
【分析】本文是篇说明文。作者就如何保护环境给出了五个简单易行的建议。
66．细节理解题。根据上句We all want to protect our planet, but most of us are too busy or too lazy to put up big changes. 我们都想保护我们的星球，但我们中的大多数人都太忙或太懒惰，无法提供巨大的变化。结合所给的选项可知，应该选In fact, small changes in daily life will make a difference. 事实上，日常生活中的小变化会产生影响。故选E。
67．细节理解题。根据下文的句子It is true that these low energy light bulbs are more expensive, but they last much longer and they can save energy. 的确，这些低能耗灯泡更贵，但它们的寿命更长，而且可以节省能源。可知，本段话提到了节能，结合所给的选项可知，应该选Use low energy light bulbs. 使用低能量灯泡。故选A。
68．细节理解题。根据下文的句子These charities may sell them and collect a little money. 这些慈善机构可能会把它们卖掉并收取一点钱。可知，上文得提到慈善机构。结合所给的选项可知，应该选You may also choose to give them to charities. 你也可以选择把它们捐给慈善机构。故选D。
69．细节理解题。这段话提到了节约用水。因此在选项中只有Don't leave the water running. 别让水流淌。可知，这是节约用水的行为。故选B。
70．细节理解题。由最后一句话But all these tips on the list will help you protect the environment and save money. 但清单上的所有这些提示都将帮助你保护环境和节省金钱。结合所给的选项可知，应该选This list is far from being complete. 这个清单还远未完成。故选C。
71．C 72．E 73．A 74．B 75．D
【分析】动物粪便也可能是非常有用的，例如农民们用动物的粪便作为肥料；还有的国家用动物粪便做燃料。而这篇短文给我们讲述了成都大熊猫繁育研究基地用熊猫的粪便造纸。
71．上文介绍了动物粪便的作用，下文则提到了用动物粪便制纸，这也是整篇文章的主要内容，所以这句话是引出文章的主题句，故应选C，意为：但是你听说过用动物粪便制成的纸吗？
72．根据这一段的内容可知，这里提到的是用熊猫的粪便制纸，故应选E，意为：这种材料被制成一种叫熊猫粪便纸的产品。
73．根据文意可知，这里介绍的是利用熊猫的粪便制纸的有利因素，上面提到熊猫只吃竹子；下文提到由于熊猫不习惯素食，所以只能消化20%的食物，其他80%都成了粪便，这样可以为制纸提供很多的原料。故应选A。
74．根据上句话After the poop is collected, it is cleaned, crushed and poured into frames to dry.可知，这里介绍了制造熊猫纸的过程，此空表示加工之后的结果，B选项“在这个过程之后，它就变成了好很好的、结实的纸”，符合上下文的意思，故选B。
75．根据下句话They got the idea from the elephant dung paper (由大象粪便做的纸) made at the Elephant Conservation Center in Chiang Mai, Thailand.可知，中国人用熊猫粪便制纸的这一想法来自于泰国清迈用大象粪便制纸。因此D选项“然而，中国并不是第一个用动物粪便造纸的国家”这句话符合文意。
76．C 77．B 78．B 79．C 80．A
【分析】试题分析：短文大意：作者主要介绍了当代生活中存在的污染问题，水污染、空气污染、噪音污染等，对于污染问题，人们应作出努力。
76．细节理解题。根据第一段People didn’t have modern machines. There was no modern medicine, either.，可知选C。
77．细节理解题。根据第二段第三行 Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution.描述可知，空气污染是最严重的一种污染。故选B。
78．细节理解题。根据第二段描述可知，污染是当今生活最大的问题。故选B。
79．总结归纳题。根据第三段第三句Factories must now clean their water before it is thrown away, they mustn’t blow dirty smoke into the air，可知选C。
80．细节推理题。根据第三段段 Cars, planes and factories all pollute our air every day. Sometimes the polluted air is so thick that it is like a quilt over a city. This kind of quilt is called smog. 描述可推知，雾霾是在由于汽车、飞机等空气污染造成的，几年前根本没有雾霾。故选A。
81．B 82．D 83．A 84．C 85．B 86．C 87．C 88．D 89．A 90．D
【分析】现在我们面临着严重的水问题，其中废水问题尤为严重。2017年世界水日主题为“废水”。短文介绍了什么是废水，我们为什么要处理废水，以及如何处理废水。号召我们要节约和保护水资源。
81．句意：它不仅使我们思考水的重要性，而且呼吁我们节约和保护水。
A. drink喝；B. save节约；C. carry搬运；D. watch观看。前半句提到世界水日让人们来思考水的重要性，因此我们要节约用水，故答案为B。
82．句意：其中废水问题较为严重。
A. easy容易的；B. popular流行的；C. small小的；D. serious严重的。根据后面的句子And the subject of World Water Day in 2017 is“wastewater”. 2017年世界水日主题为“废水”。说明废水问题较为严重。故答案为D。
83．句意：通常废水来自家庭、工厂、医院等。
A. factories工厂；B. lakes湖；C. rivers河流；D. seas大海。工厂会产生工业污水，是产生废水的主要来源，故答案为A。
84．句意：暴雨期间雨水在沿着街道流淌时也会变成废水。
A. gets back拿回；B. hands in上交；C. changes into变成；D. picks up捡起。雨水变废水，雨水流到街道上也是废水产生的一个来源，故答案为C。
85．句意：这种水肯定含有有害物质。
A. nothing没有什么；B. something某物；C. nobody没有人；D. somebody某人。雨水中含有的东西，不能用指人的不定代词来表示，排除C,D；根据生活常识可知，废水中含有各种有害物质，故答案为B。
86．句意：我们为什么要处理废水？
A. What什么；B. Who谁；C. Why为什么；D. How怎么样。根据后面的句子“Wastewater has a big influence in our lives. It causes both illness for us and pollution for the environment.”废水对我们的生活有很大的影响。它既给我们带来疾病，也给环境带来污染。这也是处理废水的原因，因此上句是询问原因，答案为C。
87．句意：我们必须关心我们的环境和我们自己的健康。
A. work工作；B. interest兴趣；C. health健康；D. business生意。上句提到水污染会让人们产生疾病，因此我们必须要关注我们的健康问题，故答案为C。
88．句意：家庭废水可以再利用。
A. on在……上面；B. for为了；C. with与……一起；D. from来自。使用介词from表示废水的来源，故答案为D。
89．句意：这样废水就会减少。
A. less更少的；B. more更多；C. better更好的；D. worse更糟的。上句提到家庭用水得到循环利用，因此废水可以有效的减少，故答案为A。
90．句意：在工厂废水回归自然之前，必须对其进行清洁。
A. and和，而且；B. whether是否；C. after在……之后；D. before在……之前。此句是强调工业污水必须要净化处理，肯定是是在回归自然之前处理。故答案为D。
【点睛】本文是一篇环保话题的短文阅读，主要介绍污水的产生及对人的危害和处理，号召人们节约用水，主题鲜明，具有新时代的教育意义。考查的题型是完形填空。完形填空考查的是单词、语法、句式等的综合能力，对于每个学生来说都是难点。在所给的每篇文章中都有一定量的生词，要通过语法关系，猜测整句句义，然后做题。 这就要求你既要有足够的单词量，还要有对整句的把握能力。首先花几分钟进行整体的阅读，弄清楚时间，人物及情节。不提倡看一个做一个，平时的学习中要注意多积累固定句型，考试时才能准确判断出相应的知识点。如果是考查名词，动词的词义辨析，一定要结合上下文去找出相关的信息，切记要有耐心。如第10小题是考查连词辨析。工厂产生的污水要经过污水处理之后才能回归自然，也就是说在工厂废水回归自然之前，必须对其进行清洁处理。所以选择介词before，答案为D。
91．alone 92．air pollution 93．was created/was set up/was built up/was established 94．heaviest/thickest 95．worse
【分析】试题分析：本文以美国、伦敦和新德里为例，谈论了困扰世界各国的因雾霾而导致的严重的空气污染问题。
91．考查细节理解题。根据China is not alone, however. Many countries have the same situation.，可知中国不是独一个，许多国家都有同样的情况，故填alone。
92．考查细节理解题。根据Almost 60 percent of Americans live in areas, where air pollution has reached unhealthy levels.，可知填air pollution。
93．考查细节理解题。The Environmental Protection Agency环境保护署，是动词create的受动者，需用被动语态；根据The US created the Environmental Protection Agency in 1970 and passed the Clean Air Act.，可知填was created/was set up/was built up/was established。
94．考查细节理解题。根据Yellow grey smog was a frequent visitor to London in the 1950s …The heaviest, which shocked the world, was in 1952.，可知填heaviest/thickest。
95．考查细节理解题。根据Because New Delhi is developing fast, its air quality is even worse than that of Chinese cities.，可知填worse。
96．animals 97．Everybody 98．burn 99．result 100．homeless 101．becoming 102．Luckily 103．importance 104．change 105．laws
【分析】环境是我们周围的一切，例如空气、水、动物、植物和建筑物。本文简述了目前环境存在的问题，保护环境对人们的重要性，告诉读者开始保护环境还不算太晚。
96．句意：环境是我们周围的一切，例如空气、水、动物、植物和建筑物。这里是在具体讲环境是什么，周围的动物不止一个不止一种，所以需要填名词“动物”animal的复数形式animals。
97．句意：每个人每天需要呼吸空气，饮水以及吃东西。这里是不定代词everybody做主语，表示“每个人”都是需要的，句首首字母要大写，故填Everybody。
98．句意：我们燃烧煤炭来保持温暖，使用木材来制作纸张。burn coal意为“燃烧煤炭”，这是在陈述事实，用一般现在时就行，故填burn。
99．句意：结果，我们成为了环境的一部分。短语“as a result”意为“结果”，这里是在引出结论，故填名词result。
100．句意：动物们无家可归因为森林正在被砍伐。从后半句说的“森林被砍伐”看出动物就无家可归了，形容词homeless意为“无家可归的”，故填homeless。
101．句意：现在环境正在变得对我们在期中生活有伤害。be doing是现在进行时，表示“正在做…”，这里是表示“正在变化…”，故填动词“变化”become的ing形式becoming。
102．句意：幸运的是，改正我们的错误还不是太晚。这里是缺少状语，用单独一个副词做状语表示“幸运的是”，故填副词Luckily。
103．句意：人们开始意识到环境的重要性…。本空是在定冠词the后面，猜测缺少的是名词，the importance of…意为“…的重要性”，这里是说“意识到环境的重要性”，故填名词importance。
104．句意：人们开始意识到环境的重要性并且开始改变他们的行为。begin to do意为“开始做某事”，change one’s behavior意为“改变某人的行为”，故填动词原形change。
105．句意：我们的政府正在制定法律来处理空气、水和光污染。make laws意为“制定法律”，故这里填名词“法律”的复数形式laws。