北师大版七年级英语下册 Unit 3 Food and Drink 重点词组+重点句型+重点语法+综合练习题

Unit 3 Food and Drink
重点词组
Key words: Food and Drink
apple, banana, beef, carrot, chicken, grape, ham, juice, milk, orange, pear, potato, tomato, water, watermelon
Lesson 7 Shopping for Food
one kilo（kg） 一公斤
unit price 单价，单位价格
total cost 总花费
all day 一整天
How much… … 多少钱
be late 迟到
Lesson 8 At a Restaurant
How about …怎么样？
would like 想要
watch out 小心，当心
Can I have… 我能点…？
take your order 点餐
eating out 在外就餐
Lesson 9 Food for Sport
kind of 有点，有一些
lots of 许多，大量的
other people 其他人
each other 互相，彼此
汉译英
一个苹果多少钱？ ________________________________
我们必须八点回家。 ________________________________
这些牛肉多少钱? ________________________________
你想要多少西红柿？ ________________________________
我能点两个热狗吗？ _________________________________
我能为您们点餐了吗？ __________________________________
请问您想吃些什么？ _______________________________
您想来点喝的吗? ________________________________
阿森纳是一支英超的顶级足球队。 ________________________________
他们做不同的运动，吃不同的食物。 ________________________________
在我们班级，大多数同学吃健康的食物。 __________________________________
重点句型
Lesson 7 Shopping for Food
1 How much does each apple cost？
cost 花费，主语必须是物
sth. cost sb. money eg: The apples cost me 20 yuan.
其他几个表示花费的词:
1）pay 常和for 连用, 主语是人.
sb pay some money for sth
I paid 3 Yuan for this bottle.
2）spend 可与 in / on 连用, 主语是人, 表示花费时间或者金钱
sb spend money /time (in) doing sth
sb spend money /time on sth
I spend two hours (in) doing my homework every day. =I spend two hours on my homework every day.
3）take 主语只能是it
It takes sb money/time to do sth
It takes me one hour to do sports every day.
2 How much is the beef？/ How much are the tomatoes?
how much …多少钱？对价格进行提问，后面既可以接可数名词，也可接不可数名词。
回答：It’s …/ They’re…
注：根据可数不可数名词来判断be动词到底是用is 还是are。
3 How much/many do you want?
在本句中much和many是用来问数量。How many对可数名词进行提问，而 how much 则用来提问不可数名词。
Lesson 8 At a Restaurant
1 How about some salad？
来点色来怎么样？
how about = what about 后面加名词或者doing的形式。
eg: How about playing football？去踢足球怎么样？
2 Would you like a drink？
would you like+名词，翻译成你想要...肯定回答：Yes，please。/否定回答：No，thanks。
would you like 后还可以加to do不定式，表示委婉的提建议。
eg：Would you like to go shopping with me？你愿意和我一起去购物吗？

3 What would you like to have？您想吃点儿什么呢？
May I take your order now？ 您现在可以点餐了吗？
在外用餐常时服务员常用句型，回答通常用Yes，I’d like…或者Can I have…?
Lesson 9 Food for Sport
1 He can eat three pancakes, three cheese sandwiches and lots of other food at one meal.
can 能够，为情态动词，后面加动词原形，否定形式：cannot/can’t
lots of =a lot of 既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词。
lots of water，lots of cakes
other 其他的，后必须加名词使用。
2 They do different exercises and eat different things。
different 不同的，反义词same，句型 A be different from B。A和B 是不同的
注：difficult 困难的，反义词 easy，千万不要混淆。
3 I can eat some vegetables and some meat。I don’t eat any bread.
some, any 一些，后面既可加可数名词复数，也可加不可数名词；
some 用于肯定句，而any 用于否定句和疑问句中。
注：在would you like 等表示请求，委婉建议的时候，some不用变成any。
eg：Would you like some coffee？
4 There are some bananas, there’s some bread.
复习下there be 句型的用法，there be，四兄弟，两个some，两个一，表示某物在某地。
eg: There is a pear./There is an apple.
There is some water in the bottle.
There are some flowers on the wall.

重点语法
1.表示提建议的句型
how about = what about 后面加名词或者doing的形式，翻译成…怎么样？
would you like+名词，翻译成你想要...肯定回答：Yes，please。/否定回答：No，thanks。
would you like 后还可以加to do不定式，表示委婉的提建议。
2.情态动词can的用法
can 能够，为情态动词，后面加动词原形，否定形式：cannot/can’t
eg：I can sing English songs./ She cannot speak English.
3.花费的四种表达
1）pay 常和for 连用, 主语是人.
sb pay some money for sth
I paid 3 Yuan for this bottle.
2）spend 可与 in / on 连用, 主语是人, 表示花费时间或者金钱
sb spend money /time (in) doing sth
sb spend money /time on sth
I spend two hours (in) doing my homework every day. =I spend two hours on my homework every day.
3）take 主语只能是it
It takes sb money/time to do sth
It takes me one hour to do sports every day.
4) cost表示花费，主语必须是物
sth. cost sb. money eg: The apples cost me 20 yuan.
4．there be 句型肯定及疑问形式
1) 肯定句常见四个基本结构：
There is a +单数可数名词 There is a house in the picture.
There is an +单数可数名词 There is an orange on the table.
There is some +不可数名词 There is some water in the glass.
There are some +可数名词复数There are some children in the classroom.
记忆口诀：There be, there be，四兄弟； 两个some, 两个一，意义：某物在某地
2) 在一般疑问句和否定句中，要用any 替换掉肯定句中的some
some加可数复，还加+不可数，若在否定、疑问句，any用在some处
练习:用is或are填空
1.???There________many monkeys in the mountain.
2.?There_______a beautiful garden in our school.
3.???There _________some water in the glass.
4.?There __________some bread on the table.
5. _________there any maps on the wall?
6. There __________twenty desks in our classroom.
7. There__________a bird in the tree.
8. There __________some trees near the house.
9. ________there a cup of tea on the table?
10. There_________some apple juice in the glass.
5.可数名词及不可数名词
1）．可数名词
可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。复数名词的变化有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
（1）规则变化
构成方法
你会读吗？
在词尾加-s；词尾为e，只加-s
desk-desks dog-dogs
以s, x, sh, ch, z等结尾的名词之后加-es
class-classes dish-dishes
box-boxes watch-watches
如词尾为-f或-fe，则一般变为-ves
knife-knives
以辅音＋y结尾的名词，变y为i，再加-es
family-families
以辅音＋o结尾的名词，加-es
tomato-tomatoes(photo, piano除外)
（2）不规则变化
①名词复数的特殊形式。
如：man - men woman - women foot - feet tooth - teeth
mouse - mice child - children deer - deer goose– geese
Asian – Asians American – Americans German –Germans
② 单复数形式相同。
如：sheep, deer, fish, Chinese, Japanese
③合成名词，只将其主体词变为复数形式。
如：girl student – girl students pencil-box – pencil-boxes
④由man和woman构成的合成词，全都变成复数。
如：man doctor – men doctors woman teacher – women teacher
2)．不可数名词
不可数名词一般只有单数形式，没有复数形式。它不能和a或an及数词搭配使用。不可数名词表示数量可以和some, any, little, a little, much, a piece of, a pound of, a cup of, a lot of等连用。
如：a piece of news four glasses of milk five bottles of water
综合练习题
一、单选
1. There ____ some flour in the bag.
A. is B. isn’t C. are D. aren’t2. ____ there any milk??? A. Is B. Isn’t C. Are D. Aren’t3. Would you like two hot dogs??? A. Yes, I would B. No, I wouldn’t C. No, thanks D. No, I don’t4. _____ there any potatoes here??? A. Is B. Isn’t C. Are D. Aren’t5. Are there any oranges in the basket? _______?? A. Yes, there is. B. No, there isn’t. C. Yes, there are. D. No, there are.6. How many _____ are there in the picture??? A. policemans B. policemen C. rice and meat D. bread and milk
7. ---Can I help you?
---I’d like ___________ for my twin daughters.
A. two pair of shoes B. two pairs of shoe C. two pair of shoe D. two pairs of shoes
8. There?________ in the next room.
A. is Tom??? B. are some boys C. are they? D. is the boy
9. There is some? ________??on the plate.
A. apple??? B. bread???? C. banana??? D. sandwich
10. Mr. Black is rich, _______he is not happy.
A. so ? B. and ???? C. but?? D. or
11. What __ ___ you like??? A. can B. are C. must D. would
12. There’s going to ________? in tomorrow’s newspapers.
A. have something new?????? B. have new something
C. be something new???????? D. be new something
13. There is some milk in the bottle, ________?
A. isn’t there??? B. aren’t there??? C. isn’t it???? D. are there
14. ________ is there on the table？
A. How many apples?? B. How much bread
C. How much breads?? D. How many food
15. There are sixty minutes in ________? hour.
A. an? B. the?? C. a?? D.／
16. There is ________? old woman in the car.
A. ×?? B. a??? C. the?? D. an
17. How much does the apples ________?
A. cost B. spend C. pay D. take
18. Would you like_________orange juice?
A. drinking B. to drink C. drinks D. have
19. I can see some __ ___ on the table.?? A. cake B. a cake C. cakes D. the cake20. I would like some ___ __ and an orange.?? A. a bread B. bread C. breads D. the breads
二、用a, an, some, any填空1. There is __ ___ rice in the bag.2. Can you find ____ __ box of books in the picture?3. Would you like ___ __ water? No, thanks. I’d like __ ___ cup of tea.4. I have __ ___ old photo of Jim’s family.5. How many pears can you see on the table? I can’t see __ ___.6. There is ___ __ American boy in the car. I think he’s Bill.7. There aren’t __ ___ hills in the picture.8. There is __ ___ “r” in the word “car”.9. What is he? He is ___ __ teacher.10. Do you have __ ___ oranges? Yes, I have __ ___.
三、写出下列名词的复数形式
1. bus box watch sandwich
2. baby story bot country
3. video photo piano potato
4. knife roof wife thief
四、根据短文内容完成句子
Look at the picture on the blackboard. We can see a house in it. Behind the house there is a hill with many trees. Near the hill we an see a river. There are three boats in the river. One is blue, the other two are yellow. There are some Young Pioneers in those boats. Near the house we can see a big tree. Under the tree there is a small bus. It’s a white bus.1. There is a ___ __ on the ___ __.2. Can you see a house ___ __ a room in the picture? A ___ __.3. __ ___ is the hill? It’s ___ __ the house.4. Are there any trees on the hill? __ ___, there are ___ __ trees on it.5. There ___ __ three __ ___ in the river.6. One is ___ __ the other two are __ __.7. Who are in the boats? Some ___ __ ___ __ are in them.8. Is there a small bus in the picture? __ ___, there ___ __.9. Where is it? It’s ____ _ the big ___ __.
五．阅读理解
Light and shadow (影子) are friends. They usually go together. We receive light every day. At the same time, we produce (产生) shadow.
Light cannot shine through you. Your body stops it from passing. There is a spot (斑点) on the ground next to you. The light cannot reach the dark spot. This is your shadow.
At noon the sun shines over your head. Your body stops very little light from reaching the ground. So your shadow is quite short.
But in early morning or late afternoon the sun is low in the sky. The light moves over more of your body. Then your shadow is quite long. Your body keeps a lot of light from reaching the ground.
We love light, especially (尤其是) sunlight. Without sunlight, life on earth is impossible. Most of us like to stand in the shadow of a tree in summer. But some people are afraid of their own shadow at night. They do not want to walk in a dark street. They do not want to see the shadow, either. But still light and shadow usually go together. ( ) 1. The sentence “Light and shadow are friends” means “__________________”.
A. the shadow produces light
B. the light usually follows the shadow
C. they like with each other
D. when we get light, we can get shadow. They are often together
( ) 2. Light cannot shine through you because .
A. it is too weak
B. your body stops it from traveling on
C. your body is tall and strong
D. there is a dark spot on the ground next to you
( ) 3. Your body’s shadow is long because .
A. the sun is low in the sky in the early morning or late afternoon
B. the sun is over your head
C. your body stops very little light from reaching the ground
D. the sunlight is very strong at noon
( ) 4. It is in the shadow of a tree in summer; so many people like to stay there.
A. hot B. warm C. cool D. cold
( ) 5. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. There will be no shadow without light.
B. Shadow is produced when something stops the light from passing.
C. We produce light when we receive it.
D. Man, animals and plants have to live on sunlight.