人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册Unit 3 Fascinating Parks 考点清单学案（含答案）

Unit 3 Fascinating Parks考点清单
学习目标整合
language competence To improve listening, speaking, reading and writing abilities; To learn and understand some new word and expressions; To study and master the structure and usage of gerund; To learn the structure and language features of an introduction to a park.
cultural awareness To understand and know more about national parks at home and abroad; To understand the significance of establishing national parks; To raise awareness of respecting, adapting to and protecting nature; To learn to live in harmony with nature; To cultivate cultural awareness and enhance cultural confidence.
thinking quality To understand and analyze the structure of the passage; To infer the meaning of words and expressions in the passage; To identify and analyze the grammar rules of gerund; To improve independent thinking and problem-solving skills; To improve critical thinking and creative thinking.
learning ability To master effective learning methods and develop good study habits; To improve independent learning, cooperative learning and inquiry-based learning abilities; To improve learning strategies, such as effective note-taking; To learn some communication strategies, such as clarification and paraphrasing; To enhance cooperation ability by working together with partners.
思维导图回顾知识
重难知识易混易错
动词-ing 形式作主语
1.动名词的形式
动名词的各种形式见下表：
动名词仍保留着动词的许多特征，可以有自己的逻辑主语、宾语、状语。动名词连同其后的宾语或状语，一起构成了动名词短语。同时动名词短语又具有名词的特性，可以在句中充当主语、宾语、定语、表语等成分。
（1）一般式
动名词的一般式所表示的动作或状态与谓语动词所表示的动作或状态同时发生或发生在谓语动词之后。
My daughter enjoys playing video games. 我的女儿喜欢玩电子游戏。
（2）完成式
动名词的完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。
Having ever travelled to that beautiful city has made him want to travel there again.
曾经去那座美丽的城市旅游使他想再次去那儿旅行。
（3）完成进行式
动名词的完成进行式表示其动作在谓语动词之前已经开始，一直持续到谓语动词发生时为止，且有可能仍在继续。
Forgive me for my having been troubling you. 原谅我一直在打扰你。
（4）否定式
其否定式是在其前加 not。
I’m sorry for not finishing my task on time. 抱歉我没按时完成我的任务。
（5）被动式
Being asked so much homework made him unhappy.被要求(完成)这么多家庭作业使他不高兴。
2.动名词作主语
动名词作主语时，多表示经常性、习惯性的动作。单个动名词短语作主语时，谓语动词
用单数。
Traveling a lot is a good way to help people become knowledgeable.
经常旅行是帮助人们变得知识渊博的好方法。
Helping others means helping ourselves. 帮助别人意味着帮助我们自己。
3.it 作形式主语
it 作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动名词，主要用于下列句型中：
It be no use/useless doing... 做……无用。
It be no good/pleasure/fun doing... 做……无好处 / 乐趣。
It be a waste of time doing... 做……浪费时间。
It be worth/worthwhile doing... 做……是值得的。
It is no use crying when you have made a mistake. 犯了错误哭泣是无用的。
It is no good making friends with those addicted to playing video games.
和那些沉迷于玩电子游戏的人交朋友没好处。
4 .动名词的复合结构
动名词的复合结构由“名词所有格或形容词性物主代词 + 动名词”构成，名词所有格或形容词
性物主代词是动名词的逻辑主语。动名词的复合结构在句中可作主语或宾语。
Tom’s coming made me happy. 汤姆的到来使我很高兴。
His coming made me happy. 他的到来让我很高兴。
5.动名词与不定式作主语的区别
动名词作主语，表示比较抽象的一般行为，不定式作主语表示具体的或一次性的动作。
Singing is my hobby，and to sing on TV is my dream.
唱歌是我的爱好，在电视上唱歌是我的梦想。
练习：
1. An__________ (amuse) park is the perfect place for youngsters to seek all sorts of adventures.
2. The art of cave painting is thought_________ (exist) for thousands of years.
3. China has been at the forefront of AI_______ (adopt) and has found -solutions to global problems.
4. This cellphone is _____ (fashion) and easy to carry, and it is popular among the young people.
5. _____ (have) a good teacher makes a big difference when you're learning to drive.
6. What's more, _____ (do) housework can be a form of mental relaxation from study.
7. _____ (classify) so many books in libraries usually takes them lots of time.
8. The government announced a new policy and set out _____ (carry) it out.
9. The children should not be allowed to leave school unless _____ (accompany) by their parents.
10. _____ (recite) classical Chinese poetry can not only help shape one's moral values, but also enhance one's cultural self-confidence.
答案：
1.答案：amusement
解析：考查词形转换。句意:游乐场是年轻人寻求各种冒险经历的绝佳场所。an amusement park意为"游乐场"。
2.答案：to have existed
解析：考查固定句式。句意:人们认为洞穴壁画艺术已经存在了几千年。"主语+is/was thought to do/have done"是由句式It is/was thought that. ..转化而来,此处不定式表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前,故用 to have done 的形式。
3.答案： adoption
解析：考查词形转换。句意:中国已经在人工智能应用方面处于领先地位并已经找到了解决全球问题的方法。分析句子结构可知,此处应用名词作介词of 的宾语,故填 adoption。
4.答案：fashionable
解析：考查形容词。由设空处前面的This cellphone(主语)和is(系动词)可知此处应用形容词作表语。fashion的形容词形式为fashionable。句意:这款手机时尚且便于携带,在年轻人中很受欢迎。
5.答案：Having
解析：考查动名词短语作主语。句意:当你在学开车时,有一个好老师会产生很大的影响。分析句子结构可知,“_____(have) a good teacher”作主句的主语,结合句意可知此处表示一般性概念,故应用动名词短语作主语,该空置于句首,单词首字母应该大写。故填Having。
6.答案：doing
解析：考查动名词短语作主语。此处表示“做家务可以是一种学习之余精神放松的方式”,设空处作主语,表示抽象概念,应用动名词短语作主语,故填doing。
7.答案：Classifying
解析：考查动名词短语作主语。句意:在图书馆给这么多书分类通常要花费他们很多时间。分析句子结构可知,“_____(classify) so many books”作主语,结合句意可知此处表示一般性概念,故应用动名词短语作主语,该空置于句首,单词首字母应该大写。故填Classifying。
8.答案：to carry
解析：考查动词不定式。set out to do sth.开始做某事。故填to carry。句意:政府宣布了一项新的政策,并开始执行它。
9.答案：accompanied
解析：考查状语从句的省略形式。句意:除非有家长陪伴,否则这些孩子不应该被允许离开学校。结合句意可知,unless引导的条件状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致,并且The children与accompany之间是被动关系(被动语态的构成中含有be动词),所以推测此处是状语从句的省略形式,其完整形式为unless they are accompanied by their parents,此处省略了they are。故此处应填过去分词accompanied。
10.答案：Reciting
解析：考查动名词短语作主语。句意:背诵中国古典诗歌不仅有助于塑造人的道德价值观,而且增强人的文化自信。分析句子结构可知, “_____(recite) classical Chinese poetry”作主语,结合句意可知此处表示一般性概念,故应用动名词短语作主语,该空置于句首,单词首字母应该大写。故填Reciting。
核心素养对接高考
一、阅读理解
A Fish and Wildlife Service proposal would protect the white bark pine as an endangered species. White bark pines can live for up to 1,000 years and grow at an elevation(海拔)of 12,000 feet. Environmentalists had requested the government in 1991 and again in 2008 to protect the trees. A non-native fungus (真菌) has been killing white bark pines for a century. More recently , the trees have proved vulnerable(易受攻击的) to tiny insects that have killed large areas of forest.
The white bark pines have almost disappeared in some areas, including the eastern edge of Yellowstone National Park , where they are a source of food for threatened grizzly bears. This makes the government's declaration of the Yellowstone area's grizzly bears being a restored species a lie.
After being blamed for not taking steps to protect the trees, wildlife officials in 2011 admitted that white bark pines needed protection, but they didn't act rapidly, saying other species faced more immediate threats.
A lawyer for the Natural Resources Defense Council, which made the formal request for protection in 2008, expressed his disappointment that it took so long but said the proposal was still worth celebrating.
The government's proposal described the threats to the trees as immediate and said the whitebark pines were one of many plants expected to be harmed as climate change moved faster than they could adapt. "Whitebark pines survive a high elevations already, so there is little remaining habitat in many areas for the species to move to higher elevations in response to warmer temperatures," Fish and Wildlife Service officials wrote.
Government officials are working with researchers and private groups on plans to gather seeds from trees, grow them in greenhouses and then plant them back on the landscape, according to Fish and Wildlife Service biologist Amy Nicholas. A proposal of that nationwide restoration is expected by the end of this year. "We do have options to restore this species," Nicholas said.
1. What do we know about white bark pines
A. They are long-lived, high-elevation trees.
B. They have a strong resistance to non-native fungi.
C. The government used to care about protecting them.
D. They and small insects depend on each other for survival.
2. What makes the government's announcement about grizzly bears a lie
A. Grizzly bears are no longer threatened.
B. The white bark pines have almost disappeared.
C. The population of grizzly bears has increased greatly.
D. The government is actually doing nothing to protect bears.
3. Which of the following would the lawyer agree with
A. Better late than never.
B. All roads lead to Rome.
C. Never do things by halves.
D. The first step the hardest.
4. What is Amy Nicholas' attitude toward saving whitebark pines
A. Irresponsible. B. Doubtful. C. Optimistic. D. Uncertain.
二、七选五
Everglades National Park is the largest subtropical(亚热带的) wilderness in the USA. ①_____ It is also the third largest national park in the lower forty-eight states, after Death Valley and Yellowstone. Each year, more than one million people visit the Everglades.
②_____ The expansive wetlands stretch across more than six hundred thousand hectares. It is a place where plants and animals from the Caribbean Sea share an ecosystem with native North American species.
Unlike most other national parks, Everglades National Park was created to protect an ecosystem from damage. The Everglades is home to about fifteen species that federal officials say are threatened or endangered. ③_____
In addition, more than three hundred and fifty bird species and three hundred species of freshwater and saltwater fish live within the park. The Everglades is also home to forty species of mammals and fifty reptile species.
④_____ They include what is said to be the largest growth of mangrove trees in the Western world. Gumbo-limbo trees, known for their peeling red skin, strangler figs and royal palms, are also among the area's plant life. The country's largest living mahogany tree also lives in the Everglades.
In recent years, environmental experts have learned about the damage to the Everglades. They say the balance of nature there has been destroyed. ⑤_____ However, efforts to protect the area are continuing so people from all over the world may continue visiting this biological treasure.
A.The future of the Everglades is not clear.
B.Visitors to the Everglades will see many exotic plants.
C.The park is home to several rare and endangered species.
D.Experts believe that the Everglades has a very bright future.
E.The park is very beautiful and attracts millions of tourists every year.
F.The Everglades is considered one of the great biological wonders of the world.
G.They include the Florida panther, the American crocodile and the West Indian manatee.
三、书面表达
假如你是李华,你的英国朋友 Henry要来中国旅行,他来信希望你能给他推荐一个主题公园。请你给他回信推荐上海迪土尼乐园。内容包括:
1.你的理由;
2.你的祝愿。
注意:1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Henry,
I'm happy to receive your letter. _____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
答案以及解析
一、阅读理解
1.答案： A
解析：考查细节理解。根据文章第一段中的"White bark pines can live for up to 1,000 years and grow at an elevation(海拔) of 12,000 feet"可知,白皮松是寿命长的高海拔树木。故选A。
2.答案：B
解析：考查细节理解。根据文章第二段内容可知,白皮松在一些地区几乎消失了,而它们是受威胁的灰熊的食物来源。这使得政府宣布黄石地区的灰熊是恢复物种成为谎言。故选B。
3.答案：A
解析：考查推理判断。根据文章第四段内容可知,自然资源保护委员会的一名律师对该提案的提出耗时如此之久表示失望,但表示该提案仍值得庆祝。由此可推知,这名律师可能会同意"晚做总比不做好"。故选A。
4.答案：C
解析：考查推理判断。根据文章最后一段中的"'We do have options to restore this species,' Nicholas said"可推知,她对拯救白皮松的态度是乐观的。故选C。
二、七选五
答案：CFGBA
解析：①细节句。第一段介绍了大沼泽地国家公园的特点。根据空后的“It is also the third largest national park in the lower forty-eight states, after Death Valley and Yellowstone.”可知此处在介绍大沼泽地国家公园,结合该句中的also可推断出空处也是在介绍这个公园,C项(这个公园是几种稀有和濒危物种的家园)属于对该公园的介绍,符合语境。故选C。
②主旨句。空处位于句首,为该段主旨句。根据下文可知大沼泽地国家公园面积广阔,在这里,来自加勒比海的动植物与北美洲本土物种共享一个生态系统。F项(大沼泽地国家公园被认为是世界上伟大的生物奇迹之一)符合语境,与本段介绍的生物多样性一致。故选F。
③细节句。根据上文“The Everglades is home to about fifteen species that federal officials say are threatened or endangered.”可知,G项(它们包括佛罗里达美洲狮、美洲鳄和西印度海牛)符合语境,承接上文,是对上文濒危物种的举例。故选G。
④主旨句。空处位于句首,为该段主旨句。根据本段中的“the largest growth of mangrove trees” “Gumbo-limbo trees” “strangler figs and royal palms”等内容可知,本段介绍大沼泽地国家公园的奇异植物。B项(到大沼泽地国家公园的游客会看到许多奇异的植物)符合本段主旨。故选B。
⑤过渡句。根据上文“They say the balance of nature there has been destroyed.”以及下文“However, efforts to protect the area are continuing so people from all over the world may continue visiting this biological treasure.”可知,A项(大沼泽地国家公园的未来还不清楚)符合语境,承接上文对大沼泽地国家公园现状的介绍,说明其未来的未知性,且与下文构成转折关系,说明虽然其遭到破坏,但人们正在采取保护措施。故选A。
三、书面表达
答案：
Dear Henry,
I'm happy to receive your letter. Knowing that you're coming to China and want to visit t a theme park, I'm writing to extend my warm welcome and share my recommendation.
Personally, Shanghai Disneyland is an ideal place for you. It brings you into a magical world where you can enjoy a wonderful experience. You will wander around l a fantasy world and meet your favorite Disney cartoon characters. Moreover, Shanghai Disneyland has many exciting rides, from pirate ships to terrifying free-fall drops. In addition, there are lots of entertainment activities and performances every day. You can't miss them.
If you have any other questions, do let me know. I hope you'll have fun in China!
Yours,
Li Hua