人教版（2019）选择性必修 第二册Unit 3 Food and Culture核心词汇全方位拓展 导学案（含答案）

新人教版核心词汇全方位拓展 X2U3
选择性必修B2 U3 重点词汇
Contents:
1. prior
2.consist
3.stuff
4.slice
5.consume
6.regardless
7.ideal
8.fundamental
9.consistent
10.trick
1. prior
[ prai ] adj.
【paraphrase】
happening or exiting before something else or before a particular time
adj.先前的，优先的
【formation】
复数 priorities 同根词priority n.
【多元例句】
例1: Prior to coming to China, my only experience with Chinese cooking was in America, with Chinese food that had been changed to suit American tastes.
--教材原句P26
例2: Nowadays the priority for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery.
例3：You want to seek for advice on what topic the lecture will be about. From my personal note,music is my priority.
例4：There was the Prior of the Augustin's Account, who had receiv'd the Profits for above fourteen Years.
--Robinson Crusoe《鲁宾逊漂流记》
例5：I’ve learned on the years prior to this, competing, that if you gamble and give yourself that chance it’s going to pay off better.
例6：For example, when 50% of kids come to school with protection from the virus — either from vaccines (in middle school or high school) or from a prior infection — the model projects up to 25% of the other kids will be infected, if everyone is masked.
【短语互译】
(1) a prior consideration_____________________
(2) have a prior engagement_____________________
(3) 在某人达到之前_____________________
(4) 在二战前__________________________
【句子翻译】
(1) 这项任务比所有其他任务都重要。
___________________________________________________________
(2)合同将在仪式举行之前签字。
___________________________________________________________
Key:
【短语互译】
(1) a prior consideration 优先考虑
(2) have a prior engagement 预先有约会
(3) prior to one’s arrival 在某人达到之前
(4) prior to World War II在二战前
【句子翻译】
(1)这项任务比所有其他任务都重要。
This task is prior to all others.
(2)合同将在仪式举行之前签字。
The contract will be signed prior to the ceremony.
2.consist
[k n sist] vi.
【paraphrase】
be composed of v. 由……组成(或构成
【formation】
三单consists 现在分词 consisting 过去式 consisted
【多元例句】
例1: For example, America's most popular Chinese dish is General Tso's chicken,which consists of fried chicken covered in a sweet sauce, favoured with hot red peppers.
--教材原句P26
例2：The extensive collection consists of masterworks in sculpture, colored glass, and precious objects from Europe dating from about the 9th to the 15th century.
例3：While doing research for her new book, she came across a 16th-century French manuscript（手稿）consisting of nearly 1,000 sets of instructions, covering subjects from tool making to finding the best sand.
例4：A strong board consisting of independent directors is critical to effective corporate governance, and U.S. firms have made substantial progress toward that goal in recent years.
例5：But in June, authorities apprehended more than 470 people along the 420-mile border. In July, the number skyrocketed to more than 2,600, consisting mostly of immigrants from Iraq and sub-Saharan Africa.
【短语互译】
(1) consist of _________________
(2) consist in _________________
(3) 与...一致 _________________
【句子翻译】
(1) 委员会由10名成员组成。
_______________________________________________________________________
(2) 理论应与实践相一致。
_______________________________________________________________________
(3) 是否快乐不在于你拥有多少财产。
_______________________________________________________________________
Key:
【短语互译】
(1) consist of 由...组成/构成
(2) consist in 在于
(3) consist with 与... 一致
【句子翻译】
(1) 委员会由10名成员组成。
The committee consists of ten members.
(2)理论应与实践相一致。
Theory should consist with practice.
(3)是否快乐不在于你拥有多少财产。
Happiness does not consist in how many possessions you own.
3.stuff
[st f] vt./n.
【paraphrase】
(1)fill completely vt. 填满;把…塞进
(2)the tangible substance that goes into the makeup of a physical object
n.东西;物品
【formation】
复数 stuffs 三单stuffs 现在分词 stuffing
过去分词stuffed 同根词 stuffed adj. 塞满了的； stuffer n. 填塞工，填充物
【多元例句】
例1: Later, I learnt that the most famous food in Shandong is pancake rolls stuffed with sliced Chinese green onions.
--教材原句P26
例2："There’s some really good stuff(艺术作品) up there." She stepped down, looking confused.
例3：—What does the stuff on your T-shirt mean
—It’s nothing. Just something off the top of my head.
例4：...and as between the Pot and the Basket there was a little room to spare, I stuff'd it full of the Rice and Barley Straw...
--Robinson Crusoe《鲁宾逊漂流记》
例5：...showing that Johnson had resisted imposing another lockdown in the fall of 2020 because COVID-19 was mainly affecting the elderly, and also that he "did not buy all this stuff" about the National Health Service being overwhelmed by the pandemic.
例6：There’s also stuff on your skin that attracts them. You’ll probably suffer more bites, if you happen to produce more lactic acid, which comes from your sweat glands.
【短语互译】
(1) food stuff _____________________
(2) small stuff_____________________
(3) stuff up _____________________
(4) 用...装满_____________________
(5) 塞枕头_____________________
(6) 喂饱孩子_____________________
【句子翻译】
(1) 我把双手塞进了我的口袋里。
_____________________________________________________________________
(2) 今天我们做了一些非常有趣的事。
_____________________________________________________________________
Key:
【短语互译】
(1) food stuff 粮食
(2) small stuff 小事
(3) stuff up 填塞，堵住
(4) be stuffed with/ stuff... with ...用...装满
(5) stuff a pillow 塞枕头
(6) stuff a child with food 喂饱孩子
【句子翻译】
(1) 我把双手塞进了我的口袋里。
I stuffed my hands in my pockets.
(2)今天我们做了一些非常有趣的事。
We did something really interesting stuff today.
4.slice
[slais] n./vt.
【paraphrase】
(1)a serving that has been cut from a larger portion n.(切下的食物)薄片
(2)cut into slices vt..把…切成薄片
【formation】
复数 slices 三单slices 现在分词 slicing
过去分词sliced 同根词 sliceable adj.可切成薄片的，可分割的； slicer n. 切片机
【多元例句】
例1: Later, I learnt that the most famous food in Shandong is pancake rolls stuffed with sliced Chinese green onions.
--教材原句P26
例2：Jeff broke two eggs into a plate and added in some milk. Jenna found the bread and put two slices into the egg mixture.
例3：Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal.
例4:Coming from behind to clock 3:37.58 for the top prize, British swimmers Kathleen Dawson, Adam Peaty, James Guy and Anna Hopkin joined efforts to slice 0.43 seconds off the previous world record held by China.
例5:Into this rebirth season comes Jungle Cruise, a slice of classic Disney IP product. And product it is indeed.
【短语互译】
(1) a slice of bread _____________________
(2) a large slice of the market _____________________
(3) 把... 切成薄片 _____________________
(4) 切下 _____________________
(5) 割穿，割破 _____________________
【句子翻译】
(1) 那些马铃薯需要剥皮切片。
__________________________________________________________________
(2) 在穿上你的新毛衣之前，别忘了把标签剪掉。
__________________________________________________________________
Key:
【短语互译】
(1) a slice of bread 一片面包
(2) a large slice of the market 巨大的市场份额
(3) slice... up 把... 切成薄片
(4) slice... off 切下
(5) slice through 割穿，割破
【句子翻译】
(1) 那些马铃薯需要剥皮切片。
I need those potatoes peeled and sliced.
(2) 在穿上你的新毛衣之前，别忘了把标签剪掉。
Before putting on your new sweater, don’t forget to slice the logos off.
5. consume
[k n sju m] vt.
【paraphrase】
to eat or drink sth; to use up
vt. 吃;喝，饮; vt. 消耗
【formation】
复数consumers 三单consumes 现在分词 consuming
过去分词consumed 同根词consumer n.消费者； consumption n. 消耗，消费
【多元例句】
例1: At a minimum,the kinds of food local people consume tell us what they grow in their region, what kinds of lives they lead, and what they like and do not like.
--教材原句P27
例2："China is impossible to overlook," says Hill. "Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion — they are central to its movement. "
例3：In modern man, the brain accounts for about 2-3%of total body weight but it consumes 25% of the body's energy when the body is at rest.
例4：As a habit, I used my desire to consume to inspire and motivate my financial genius to invest.
--Poor Dad. Rich Dad《穷爸爸富爸爸》
例5：Visitors had been allowed to take “small quantities” of alcoholic drinks to consume while watching the 100-ball- per-side matches, which have been designed to attract a new crowd.
例6：“One thing that has become obvious is that appetite for film and television content from consumers has gone through the roof,” said Adrian Wootton, the chief executive of the BFC.
【短语互译】
(1) 消耗大量的矿物燃料 _______________________
(2) 喝大量的酒 _______________________
(3) be consumed with sth _______________________
(4) potential consumers _______________________
(5) consumed cost _______________________
(6) consuming power _______________________
【句子翻译】
(1) 这辆汽车很费汽油。
_____________________________________________
(2) 全世界有半数煤炭都是中国消耗掉的。
_____________________________________________
(3) 这次事故发生后，他心理充满了内疚。
_____________________________________________
Key:
【短语互译】
(1) consume large amounts of fossil fuels 消耗大量的矿物燃料
(2) consume a large quantity of alcohol 喝大量的酒
(3) be consumed with sth 充满...
(4) potential consumers潜在消费者
(5) consumed cost 耗用成本
(6) consuming power消费力
【句子翻译】
(1)这辆汽车很费汽油。
The car consumes a lot of fuel.
(2)全世界有半数煤炭都是中国消耗掉的。
China consumes half the world's coal.
(3)这次事故发生后，他心理充满了内疚。
He was consumed with guilt after the accident.
6. regardless
[ri gɑ dlis] adv.
【paraphrase】
without being affected or influenced by something
adv.不顾;不加理会
【formation】
同根词 regard v.看作，认为； （同义词）despite prep. 即使，尽管；
in spite of 尽管，不管
【多元例句】
例1: This is true regardless of how healthy the rest of their diet might be.
--教材原句P32
例2：Thus, the keyboard can determine people’s identities, and by extension, whether
they should be given access to the computer it’s connected to — regardless of whether someone gets the password right.
例3：But if he's out there every day and playing hard, you should praise his effort regardless of whether his team wins or loses.
例4：It’s fortunate that some precious heritage, such as Hutong and Siheyuan, is being preserved, regardless of the modern development.
例5："It's very tough, but I had to fight for it. This is my message to everyone who has the same situation - fight for your dream, and try hard regardless of the difficulties that you are having, you will reach your goal," Zaza said.
【短语互译】
(1) regardless of the weather ____________________
(2) regardless of age or income____________________
(3) 不顾危险____________________
【句子翻译】
(1) 我们的俱乐部对每一个人都是开放的，不管年龄、性别还是教育背景。
_____________________________________________________________________
(2) 不顾感染的危险，李叔叔对工作负责，尽心尽力。(2020全国I卷书面表达)
_____________________________________________________________________
(3) 无论下周会发生什么，我们都会一起去钓鱼。
_____________________________________________________________________
Key:
【短语互译】
(1) regardless of the weather 无论天气好坏
(2) regardless of age or income不分年龄或收入
(3) regardless of danger 不顾危险
【句子翻译】
(1) 我们的俱乐部对每一个人都是开放的， 不管年龄、性别还是教育背景。
Our club is open to everyone, regardless of age, sex or education background.
(2) 不顾感染的危险，李叔叔对工作负责，尽心尽力。
Regardless of the risk of getting infected, Uncle Li is responsible and devoted to his job.
(3)无论下周会发生什么，我们都会一起去钓鱼。
Regardless of what will happen next week, we will go fishing together.
7. ideal
[ai di l] adj./n.
【paraphrase】
(1) the best or most suitable that something could possibly be
adj.完美的;理想的，想象的
(2) the idea of something that is perfect; something that one hopes to attain
n.理想;完美的人(或事物)
【formation】
同根词ideally adv. 理想地；idealist n.理想主义者； idealism n.理想主义；
idealize n.使理想化；
【多元例句】
例1: The ideal diet is a balanced one, without too much or too little of any one thing.
--教材原句P32
例2：Ideally, the system would tell us when to adapt human activities that are pushing an ecosystem toward a breakdown or would even allow us to pull an ecosystem back from the borderline.
例3：Since you have long been interested in Chinese culture, I think Beijing Language and Culture University is an ideal place for you.
例4：The unparalleled strengths of Hong Kong under "one country, two systems" make it an ideal gateway for Singaporean businesses to tap into the opportunities in the mainland markets, Lam said.
例5：China's artistic gymnastics medal haul is perhaps all the more impressive considering the team did not get off to an ideal start in Tokyo, only managing a bronze in the men's team final behind the first-place Russian Olympic Committee (ROC) and Japan.
【短语互译】
(1) an ideal place for a walk ________________________
(2) far from ideal ________________________
(3) 理想的大学________________________
【句子翻译】
(1) 既然你一直对中国戏曲感兴趣，我认为上海戏剧学院对你来说是一个理想的地方。
_____________________________________________________________________
(2)当我长大了，我知道更多关于我的理想职业。
_____________________________________________________________________
Key:
【短语互译】
(1) an ideal place for a walk 散步的理想去处
(2) far from ideal 很不理想
(3) an ideal university 理想的大学
【句子翻译】
(1) 既然你一直对中国戏曲感兴趣，我认为上海戏剧学院对你来说是一个理想的
地方。
Since you have long been interested in Chinese opera, I think Shanghai Theatre Academy is an ideal place for you.
(2)当我长大了，我知道更多关于我的理想职业。
When I grow up, I know more about my ideal career.
8. fundamental
[ f nd mentl] adj.
【paraphrase】
relating to the most basic and important parts of something
adj.根本的:基础的;:基本的
【formation】
同根词fundamentally adv.
【多元例句】
例1: Finally, a fundamental key to healthy eating is to eat slowly.
--教材原句P32
例2：The sustainable success of small farmers, though, won’t happen without fundamental changes to the industry.
例3：Success depends fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the events in our lives.
例4：But whatever happens, we have two fundamental choices: play it safe or play it smart by preparing, getting educated and awakening your own and your children's financial genius.
-- Poor Dad. Rich Dad《穷爸爸富爸爸》
例5：Song Ding, director of the Tourism and Real Estate Industry Research Center at the China Development Institute, described Shenzhen's move to continue increasing housing supply on a large scale as "revolutionary". He believes it is the most fundamental step taken to stabilize the city's property market.
例6：China has played a fundamental role in ensuring vaccine equity and its decision to donate $100 million to COVAX is "commendable," she said.
【短语互译】
(1) be fundamental to ___________________
(2) fundamental change __________________
(3) 基本权利 ___________________
(4) 根本区别 ___________________
【句子翻译】
(1) 众所周知，水对于生存是必不可少的。
________________________________________________________________
(2) 在家居设计中，颜色是最基本的。
________________________________________________________________
Key:
【短语互译】
(1) be fundamental to 对...来说是基本的
(2) fundamental change 根本变化
(3) fundamental rights基本权利
(4) fundamental differences根本区别
【句子翻译】
(1)众所周知，水对于生存是必不可少的。
It’s well-known that water is fundamental to survival.
(2)在家居设计中，颜色是最基本的。
Color is fundamental in home design.
9. consistent
[k n sist nt] adj.
【paraphrase】
(1)always behaving in the same way or having the same attitudes, standards etc – usually used to show approval adj. 一致的
(2)continuing to happen or develop in the same way adj. 连续的
【formation】
同根词consist v. 组成，一致 consistently adv. 一贯地，持续不变地
【多元例句】
例1: In addition,studies show that consistent eating habits, for example, taking three meals a day at the same time each day, are better for our health.
--教材原句P32
例2：Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis.
例3：Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive to perform consistently over a large area.
例4： ...and thus I cast myself down again into the deepest gulf of human misery that ever man fell into, or perhaps could be consistent with life and a state of health in the world.
--Who moved my cheese 《谁动了我的奶酪》
例5：At 16, Sheng was Team China's youngest shooter, but matched his older rivals for grit and mental toughness with his consistent scoring in the nerve-wracking final.
例6：Gene sequencing from samples collected from patients in Jiangjin were consistent with those of the two confirmed cases in Guangdong, as well as with Ou's parents in Macao.
【短语互译】
(1) be consistent with ________________
(2) be consistent in ________________
(3) consistent friends ________________
(4) 一贯的政策 ________________
(5) 一贯的标准 ________________
【句子翻译】
(1) 你做的和说的不一致。
__________________________________________________________________
(2) 他一直是中国人民的朋友。
__________________________________________________________________________
Key:
【短语互译】
(1) be consistent with 与... 一致
(2) be consistent in 在...方面一致
(3) consistent friends 始终如一的朋友
(4) consistent policies一贯的政策
(5) consistent standards一贯的标准
【句子翻译】
(1) 你做的和说的不一致。
What you did was not consistent with what you said.
(2)他一直是中国人民的朋友。
He has been a consistent friend to the Chinese people.
10. trick
[trik] n./v.
【paraphrase】
(1) a clever way of doing something that works very well n. 诀窍
(2) something you do to surprise someone and to make other people laugh
n.把戏
(3) something that deceives someone n.计谋
(4) deceive somebody v. 欺骗
【formation】
复数 tricks 三单tricks 现在分词 tricking
过去分词tricked 同根词 tricky adj. 狡猾的，棘手的
【多元例句】
例1: There is no one trick to healthy eating.
--教材原句P32
例2：This means, for example, that a scammer could call you from what looks to be a familiar number and talk to you using a voice that sounds exactly like your bank teller’s, tricking you into "confirming" your address, mother’s name, and card number.
例3：Once, when trying a certain trick on the beam（横杆）, I fell onto the stones, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Toby came over, helping me up: Safe, man. Safe.
例4：Dementors are not to be fooled by tricks or disguises — or even Invisibility Cloaks,” he added blandly, and Harry and Ron glanced at each other.
--Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban 3《哈利·波特与阿兹卡班的囚徒》
例5：I’ve got one more trick left.
我还剩最后一招。
--《火星救援》
例6：China's 16-year-old Zeng Wenhui finished sixth with 9.66 points. She successfully repeated her kickflip 50-50, which contributed to her qualification, earning a game best of 4.93 points, but that was the only trick she made in the final.
--China Daily
例7：Being politically driven, were China to allow the US to conduct such an investigation, there is no ruling out the possibility that the US might try a trick similar to the one it played in Iraq to substantiate its otherwise baseless allegation that the regime it wanted to topple possessed weapons of mass destruction.
--China Daily
【短语互译】
(1) the trick of ... ______________________
(2) trick or treat ______________________
(3) a tricky question ______________________
(4) 捉弄/戏弄某人______________________
(5) 哄骗某人做某事______________________
【句子翻译】
(1) 这里有一些窍门可以帮助你记住所读的内容。
___________________________________________________________________
(2) 没人喜欢被捉弄。
___________________________________________________________________
(3) 记忆有时候是一件棘手的事情。
___________________________________________________________________
(4) 那两个人欺骗他买了这台旧机器。
___________________________________________________________________
Key:
【短语互译】
(1) the trick of ... ... 的窍门
(2) trick or treat 不给糖就捣乱
(3) a tricky question 一个棘手的问题
(4) play a trick/ tricks on sb 捉弄/戏弄某人
(4) trick sb into doing sth 哄骗某人做某事
【句子翻译】
(1) 这里有一些窍门可以帮助你记住所读的内容。
Here are a few tricks for remembering what you read.
(2) 没人喜欢被捉弄。
No one enjoys being played tricks on.
(3) 记忆有时候是一件棘手的事情。
Memory is sometimes a tricky thing.
(4) 那两个人欺骗他买了这台旧机器。
The two people tricked him into buying the old machine.