人教版（2019）必修第一册Unit 4 Natural Disasters 单元导学案（含答案）

Unit 4
Natural Disasters
Part 1词性转换
1. disaster n.灾难;灾害→ adj.灾难性的→(同义词) adj.灾难性的
2. drought n.旱灾;久旱→ adj.干旱的
3. destroy vt. 摧毁;毁灭→ adj.有毁灭性的→ n.破坏；摧毁→ (现在分词)
4. evacuate vt.疏散;撤出 vi.撤离→ n.疏散；撤离
5. death n.死;死亡→ adj.无生命的→ vi.死亡
6. percent n.百分之…… adj.& adv.每一百中→ n.百分率；百分比
7. shock n.震惊;令人震惊的事;休克 vt.(使)震惊→ adj.令人震惊的→ adj.感到震惊的
8. electricity n.电;电能→ adj.用电的；电动的→ adj.与电有关的；电气科学的→ adj.电子的
9. bury vt.埋葬;安葬→ n.埋葬；葬礼
10. breathe vi. & vt.呼吸→
n.呼吸
11. unify vi. & vt. 统一;(使)成一体→ vi. & vt.(使)团结;(使)联合 adj. 团结的;联合的→ n.联盟；协会；团结；联合
12. suffer vt. 遭受;蒙受 vi. (因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→ n. 折磨;苦难
13. survive vi.生存;存活 vt.幸存;艰难度过→ n. 幸存者;生还者→ n.幸存
14. power n.电力供应;能量;力量;控制力→ adj.强有力的；有权势的
15. emergency n. 突发事件;紧急情况→ adj.应急的;紧急的
16. deliver vt.& vi.递送;传达 vt.发表;接生→ n.递送(的物品)；分娩(a delivery man 快递员)
17. effect n.影响;结果;效果→ adj.有效果的(注意对比: affect vt.影响;(疾病)侵袭;深深打动→affection n.感情；喜爱
18. length n.长;长度→ adj.长的(long for/ long to do sth.渴望某事/做某事)
19.动词(变化) +-tion变名词
destroy→ 摧毁;毁灭
erupt→ 爆(喷)发
reduce→ 减少;降低
20.动词去e+-al变名词
revive→ 振兴;复苏
arrive→ 到达
approve→ 同意;赞成
21.形容词/名词+-dom变名词
wise→ 智慧;才智
free→ 自由
king→ 王国
22.名词改y为-ise/ ize变动词
summary→ 总结;概括
real→ 实现
apology→ 道歉;谢罪
Part 2核心词汇表达讲解
flood
n.洪水;大量 vi.淹没;大量涌入 vt.使灌满水；淹没
→核心结构
a flood of/ floods of …一大批…
flood in/ into/ out of sth. 大量涌入某物/涌出某物
flood … with …/ be flooded with ………挤满/拥满/充斥/充满……
→ 典例赏析
(1) The river is in flood again.
(2) She broke down in floods of tears.
(3) Donations have been flooding in since we launched the appeal.
(4) I felt happiness and relief flooding over me.
·即时练习
根据句意完成句子。
(Ⅰ) The kid was in of tears.
(2) Schools with good reputation wíll be with applications.
(3) As the wildfire broke out, donations began in from many people.
damage
vt.损害;破坏 n.损坏;损失
→ 核心结构
cause damage to …/ do damage to …对……造成损害
be damaging to …对……有损害
damage one's health 损害某人的健康
→典例赏析
(1) They were repairing the houses that had been damaged in the flood.
(2) The earthquake caused great damage to the local people.
→即时练习
根据句意及提示完成句子。
(1) The accident caused some damage my car, but it's nothing serious.
(2) Smoking seriously (damage) your health.
(3) Several cars (damage) in the crash which happened last night.
(4)过度日晒会对你的皮肤造成严重损伤。
Too much sun can your skin.
词汇辨析
injure vt.一般指在意外中受伤，也可指损害自尊、名誉等。
hurt vt. & vi.使用最普遍,既可指肉体上的伤害，又可指精神、感情上的伤害；作不及物动词时表示身体部位“疼痛；难受”。
wound vt.一般指在战斗或打斗中受的枪伤、刀伤等外伤。
harm vt.给人精神、健康等带来的损害，引起不安、不便。
damage vt.(有形的)损坏,破坏,损失。
destroy vt.指彻底毁坏,无法修复,也可用于指毁掉希望、计划等。
ruin vt. & vi.指破坏严重,无法修复,强调使用价值的完全丧失；还可指抽象意义的破坏或毁灭。
→ 即时练习
根据句意用“词汇辨析”中词的适当形式完成句子。
(1) You have completely my hopes of happiness.
(2) In the war, many soldiers were or killed.
(3) What you said really him a lot. Don't do that again!
(4) They were badly in the crash.
(5) Do you think that work without rest will do to your health
(6)I asked him to pay for the of my car but he couldn't afford to.
affect
vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动
affection n.钟爱;爱慕
→核心结构
be affected by …被……所影响;被……所感动= be influenced by …
show/ have (a) affection for 爱慕;喜欢
[联想拓展]
effect n.结果;影响
have a(n) … effect on …对……有影响
come into effect开始生效;开始实施
take effect生效;起作用
典例赏析
(1) Your opinion will not affect my decision.
(2) Rub the cream into the affected areas.
(3) They were deeply affected by the news of her death.
(4)I have a great affection for New York.
(5) He stroked her hair affectionately.
→即时练习
根据句意及提示完成句子。
(1) In these years, the tax increases (affect) us all.
(2) We (affect) by the sufferings of the people in the stricken areas.
(3)这种药对他没有影响。
The medicine him.
shelter
n.[C]避难处;[U]居所;庇护 vt.保护;掩蔽 vi.躲避(风雨或危险)
→ 核心结构
under the shelter of …在……的庇护下 shelter sb./ sth. (from sb./ sth.)保护……不受……
→典例赏析
(1) In the storm I took shelter under the tree.
(2) Trees shelter the house from the wind.
即时练习
根据句意及提示完成句子。
(1) They were standing the shelter of a huge tree.
(2) We sat in the shade, the sun.
(3) their parents (在父母的庇护下), children are spoiled.
ruin
n.& vt.破坏;毁坏
→核心结构
be/ lie in ruins 成为废墟
fall into ruin 成为废墟
ruin one's hope/ chance 摧毁某人的希望/机会
ruin oneself 毁掉自己
→典例赏析
(1) That one mistake ruined his chances of getting the job.
(2)A large number of churches fell into ruin after the revolution.
(3) Years of fighting have left the area in ruins.
→即时练习
根据句意及提示完成句子。
(1) Heavy smoking (ruin) your health, so you should give up smoking.
(2) Ever since the earthquake, this temple has been ruins.
(3)依我看来，他固执的性格和在工作中的缺点会毁掉他的前途的。
In my opinion, his stubborn character and shortcomings in his work will
trap
vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n.险境；陷阱
→核心结构
be trapped in …被困在……
trap sb. into (doing) sth.诱骗某人(做)某事
fall into a trap 掉进陷阱
→典例赏析
(1) She had set a trap for him and he had walked straight into it.
(2) Some women see marriage as a trap.
(3) He felt he had been trapped into accepting the terms of the contract.
→即时练习
根据句意及提示完成句子。
(1) There was a power failure, and they (trap) in the lift.
(2) By clever questioning they trapped him telling the truth.
bury
vt.埋藏；安葬；隐藏(感情)
→核心结构
bury … in …把……埋在……
be buried in …/ bury oneself in …专心致志于某事
bury one's face in hands 双手掩面
表示“专心于……，投身于……”的短语： concentrate/ focus on …; be lost in …; be devoted/ committed to …
→典例赏析
(1) Their ambitions were finally dead and
buried.
(2) She had learnt to bury her feelings.
(3) He walked slowly, his hands buried in his pockets.
→即时练习
根据汉语及提示完成句子。
他埋头学习，不知道其他人都早已离开了。
(1) (bury) in his study, he didn't know that all the others had left.
(2) (bury) himself in his study, he didn't know that all the others had left.
(3) Because he (bury) in his study, he didn't know that all the others had left.
effort
n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
→ 核心结构
spare no effort to do sth.不遗余力做某事
make an effort to do sth.努力做某事
→典例赏析
(1) You should put more effort into your work.
(2) It's a long climb to the top, but well worth the effort.
(3) The company has laid off 150 workers in an effort to save money.
(4) We need to make a concerted/ joint effort to finish on time.
(5) She dances with effortless grace.
→即时练习
根据句意及提示完成句子。
(1)I do believe that all your efforts will (取得成功) sooner or
later.
(2) He will make effort to get his customers to use his valuable resources in their pursuit of wellness.
supply
n.供应(量);补给;[pI.]补给品 vt.供应；供给
→ 核心结构
school/ medical supplies 学 校 用品/医疗用品
supply sth. to sb.为某人提供某物 = supply sb. with sth.
“给某人提供某物”相关表达: provide sth. for sb.; provide sb. with sth.; supply sth. to sb.; supply sb. with sth.
→ 典例赏析
(1) Books were in short supply.
(2) There is an abundant supply of cheap labour.
(3) The plane is carrying emergency supplies for refugees.
→即时练习
根据提示完成句子。
(1) There is no need to worry. We can whatever you need to you.没有必要担心，我们可以提供任何你需要的东西。
(2) because the workers are repairing the main pipes.工人正在修理主管道，因此供水被中断了。
⑩survive
vi.生存;存活vt. 幸存;艰难度过;比……活得长
survival n.存活
→核心结构
survive on …靠……活下来
survive from …从……幸存下来
the survival of the fittest 适者生存
典例赏析
(1)I'm sure she will survive this crisis.
(2) The doctors gave him a one-in-ten chance of survival.
(3)A lot of small companies are having to fight for survival.
→即时练习
根据句意完成句子。
(1) The old lady has survived all her sisters and brothers ten years.
(2)I don't know how you all manage to survive such little money.
①calm
adj.镇静的；沉着的 vt. 使平静；使镇定
→核心结构
calm down 冷静
calm sb. down 使某人镇静
keep calm 保持冷静
→词汇辨析
calm 意为“平静的；沉着的；无风的”。指天气无风，海洋风平浪静或人的情绪平静、镇静。
silent 意为“沉默的;无声的”。指人时,强调沉默不语；指环境时，表示没有声音。 quiet 意为“文静的;安静的”。指物时,表示没有噪音或喧闹，处于一种安静的环境；指人时，表示人的性格温和或内心没有
烦恼。
still 意为“静止的；不动的”。指物时，表示完全没有声音，静止不动；指人时，表示某人一动不动保持一种姿势。
→ 即时练习
请用“词汇辨析“中词的适当形式填空。
(1) When he faced difficulties, he stayed
(2) We' ll have to be so as not to wake the baby.
(3) You should stand while I take a photo of you.
(4) He kept about the matter and no one else knew it.
strike
vi. & vt.侵袭;突击;击打 n.罢工;罢课;袭击
核心结构
be struck by …被……袭击
be/ go on strike 罢工
Strike the iron while it's hot.(趁热打铁。) sth. strikes sb./ It strikes sb. that/ wh-…某人突然想到……
“某人忽然想起”常用表达: It hits sb. that…; It occurs to sb. that …
典例赏析
(1) The visitors were struck by the beauty of the West Lake.
(2) The clock struck twelve when I got home last night.
(3)A terrible earthquake struck Japan, making 30,000 people or so lose their lives.
(4)A good idea struck me when I was
reading the newspaper.
→即时练习
根据句意完成句子。
(1) She fell heavily, her head against the side of the boat.
(2)I was about to get off the train it struck me that I had left my suitcase on the train.
(3) We were greatly by the generosity of the local people.
Part 3重难点语言现象解读
It seemed as if the world came to an end!(教材 P50)
【as if/ as though 引导表语从句和方式状语从句】
从句所表示的内容若为事实，用陈述语气；若与事实不符或相反则用虚拟语气，从句的谓语动词用法如下：
与现在事实不符：一般过去时，(be动词用 were)。
与过去事实不符：过去完成时(had done)。
与将来事实不符: would/ could/ should/ might + do。如:
(1) He looks at me as if I were mad.
(2) It looks as if it is going to rain.
即时练习
根据句意及提示完成句子。
(1) When you walk into the gallery, you feel as if you (be) inside a fragile, white seashell.
(2) The two strangers talked as if they (be) friends for years.
(3) They showed us their travelling plan so urgently as if it (carry out) tomorrow.
The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday, killing more than 6, 500 people in Indonesia, India, Thailand, Malaysia and at least four other countries. (教材 P54)
【现在分词作结果状语，表自然而然的结果】
现在分词的逻辑主语是主句主语，通常可以换成非限制性定语从句。可以在现在分词前面加 therefore, thus, then 等逻辑副词。如：
(1) The plane crashed into a mountain, killing all the passengers on board.
(2) An earthquake has hit the capital, causing damage to buildings and panic among the population.
即时练习
根据句意及提示完成句子。
(1) The hospital had recently obtained new medical equipment, (allow) more patients to be treated.
= The hospital had recently obtained new medical equipment, which more patients to be treated.
(2) Newly-built wooden cottages line the street, thus (turn) the old town into a dreamland.
【不定式作结果状语，表意料之外的结果】
常和 only 连用, “only to do”译为“结果却(意外)是……”。如:
(1) Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only to find it didn't fit.
(2) They hurried there, only to find the meeting cancelled.
→即时练习
根据句意及提示完成句子。
The reporters hurried to the airport, only (tell) that the star had left.
I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home. (教材P54)
【when 并列连词= and at that time】≈≈ be doing sth. when …正在做……这时另外一件事情发生了
be about to do sth. when …刚要做……这时另外一件事情发生
be on the point of doing sth. when …刚要做……这时另外一件事情发生
had just done sth. when …刚做完……这时另外一件事情发生了
(1)I was looking at the photos on the noticeboard when I heard a voice behind me.
(2)I was on the point of playing computer games when my computer broke down.
(3)I was about to go out when someone called me.
(4)I had arrived at the office when my wife called, saying she left her key at home.
Part 4单元语法讲解
定语从句1
定语从句在句中作定语，修饰一个名词、
名词词组或者代词。被定语从句修饰的名词、词组或代词叫作先行词。引导定语从句的词叫关系词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。
一、关系代词引导的定语从句
定语从句中的关系代词有: that, which, who, whom, whose, as。
关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
that 既可代人,又可代物; which 只能代物； who只能代人，常在从句中作主语； whom只能代人，只能在从句中作宾语； whose 在从句中作定语，后面一般跟有它修饰的名词。
作主语 作宾语 作定语
指人 who/ that whom/ that(可省略) whose
指物 which/ that which/ that(可省略) whose
(1) He is the man that/ who wants to see you.
(2) He is the man (that/ whom) I saw yesterday.
(3) A prosperity which/ that had never been seen before appeared in the countryside.
(4) The book (that/ which) he is reading is too difficult to understand.
(5) They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.
(6) Please pass me the book whose cover is green.
(7)I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in.
二、关系代词 that的特殊用法
1.不用 that 的情况
(1)引导非限定性定语从句时。如：
The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here. (错误)
(2)介词后不能用 that。
We depend on the land from which we get our food. = We depend on the land that/ which we get our food from.
2.只能用 that 的情况
(1)在 there be 句型中,只用 that,不用 which。
(2)在不定代词,如: anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little 等作先行词时,只用 that,不用 which。如:
All that is needed is a supply of oil.
Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.
(3)先行词由 the only, the very 修饰时,只用 that。如:
This is the very dictionary that I want to buy.
After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owns.
(4)先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时,只用 that。如:
This is the best film that I have ever seen.
(5)先行词既有人，又有物时，只能用 that。如：
They talked about the persons and things that they remembered at school.
Look at the man and his donkey that are walking up the street.
(6)主句有特殊疑问词 who, which 等提问时，关系代词只能用 that。如：
Who is the man that is standing by the gate
Which is the T-shirt that fits me most
→即时练习
1.用定语从句将下列句子连成一句。
(1) That tree is very old.
The tree's branches are almost bare.
(2) Antarctic is covered with thick ice all the year round.
We know very little about Antarctic.
(3) The girl is Tom's sister.
The girl is singing an English song in the next room.
2.用适当的关系代词填空。
(1)I will never forget the days I spent with your family.
(2) Do you still remember the place we visited last week
(3) This is Mr John for I bought a book yesterday.
(4) This is Mr John for son I brought a book yesterday.
(5) He lives in the room window faces to the south.
(6)I have many books, some of are on chemistry.
(7) The man is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.
(8) Is there anything I can do
for you, sir
(9) There is a mountain of the top is always covered with snow.
(10) Who is the man was there
Part 5 话题拓展词汇与语块
→话题词汇
1.天气与自然灾害
phenomenon(现象); freeze/ freezing/ frozen(结冰;冻住); freezing weather(极冷的天气); melt(融化); heat; baking hot(炙热); high temperature(高温); blazing hot(炙热); Indian summer(秋老虎); drought; less rainfall; warm/ warmth; mild ( 温 和 的 ); breeze(微风); blow(吹); pour down(倾盆大雨); cloud/ cloudy/ cloudless; shower(阵雨/阵雪)/ showery; storm(风暴)/ stormy; frosty(霜冻); fog(雾)/ foggy; mist(薄雾)/ misty; windy/ windless(无风的); thunder/ thunderous; thunderstorm(雷暴); lightning; rainbow; damp(潮湿的); muddy(泥泞的); blanket(以厚层覆盖); changeable(多变的); sunrise; sunset; plus(正的); minus(负的); degree ( 度 ); centigrade ( 摄 氏 ); weather forecast(天气预报); humidity(湿度); natural disasters; adverse weather condition(恶劣的天气状况); catastrophe(大灾); earthquake; fire; flood; volcano; volcanic eruption(火山爆发); landslide; avalanche(雪崩); hurricane(飓风); typhoon( 台 风 ); tornado/ twister ( 龙 卷 风 ); cyclone/ whirlwind(旋风); tsunami(海啸); cold snap(寒潮); stormy wind( 暴风 );
blizzard(大风雪); snowstorm(暴风雪); ice rain(冻雨); hail/ hailstone(冰雹); El Nino phenomenon(厄尔尼诺现象); La Nina phenomenon(拉尼娜现象); wind erosion(风蚀); sandstorm(沙尘暴); visibility(能见度); continental drift(大陆漂移)
2.发生及影响
take place(发生); occur(发生); come about( 发 生 ); hit ( 侵 袭 ); strike; destroy/ destruction; ruin; damage; injure; suffer; cause; contribute; burst; shake; trap; lead to/ give rise to/ result in(导致); destructive/ devastating(破坏性的/毁灭的); serious/ severe; terrible/ terrify; panic(恐慌); victim(受害者); casualty(战争或事故的伤员;亡者;遇难者); fall victim to(沦为受害者); bury/ burial; burn down/ burn ... to the ground(夷为平地); crash into(撞上); sweep across the country(横扫); set fire to(放火); catch fire(着火); put out the fire(灭火); suffer the consequence(承担后果); sacrifice(牺牲); threat/ threaten( 威胁); in turn(反过来)
3.救援及重建
flood-hit area (洪灾区); drought-stricken area(旱灾区); earthquake-stricken area(地震区); survival/ survivor; provide/ supply/ offer; shelter; deliver; recovery(恢复); be/ get stuck in; in need(需要); come to one's aid(帮助;援助); search for(搜寻); put up; set up; in the open air; firefighter( 消防员); donate/ donation ( 捐赠); relief(救济物品); allocate(分配;拨给); rebuild(重建); restore/ restoration(恢复; 修 复 ); irrigate/ irrigation ( 灌 溉 );
evacuate/ evacuation; countermeasure(对策)
4.疾病与预防
pandemic(大流行病); epidemic(大流行病); plague(瘟疫;传染病); vaccine(疫苗); vaccination(接种疫苗); lockdown(活动限制); quarantine(隔离); infectious(传染的); contagious(传染的); prevention(预防); ward off diseases(抵御疾病)
→重要语块
1. disaster relief work 救灾工作
2. safety measures 安全措施
3. as usual像往常一样
4.come to an end 结束
5. cause damage to …对…造成损害
6. in ruins 严重受损;破败不堪
7. in shock 震惊;吃惊
8. dig out 挖掘
9. in the open air露天;在户外
10. on hand 现有(尤指帮助)
11. stay calm保持冷静
12. in danger处境危险
13. be trapped in …被困在……
14. get back to one's feet 重新站起来
15. suffer from injury 受伤
16. emergency supplies 紧急物资
17. safety instructions安全说明
18. stay away from …远离……
19. firs aid kit 急救箱
20. the tsunami-hit country 被海啸袭击的国家
21. a series of waves 一连串的波浪
22.come to one's rescue 营救某人
23. sweep away消灭;彻底消除
24. as if好像
25. cut across 切断;抄近路通过
26. volcanic eruption 火山爆发
27. survive the earthquake 在地震中幸免于难
28. natural disasters 自然灾害
Part 6单元练习
一、单词拼写(根据中英文提示或首字母填空)。
1. She (slide) out while no one was looking.
2. Telephone calls came (flood) in from all over the city.
3. It took (rescue) 90 minutes to reach the wounded men.
4. Drinking much alcohol seriously (damage) health.
5. Smoking can increase the risk of early (die).
6. They (destroy) all the evidence since the accident happened.
7. The south of the country (affect) by the drought most seriously this August.
8. This cup has several (crack) in it, so you'd better not use it.
9. Years of war have left the country in (ruin).
10. She (trap) in an unhappy marriage, which usually makes her cry.
11. Do you have your meal (deliver) or you pick it up yourself
12. The flood buried homes and .(sweep) cars into the sea.
13. A bullet was shot out, (whistle) past his ear.
14. Just now it suddenly
(strike) me how I could improve myself.
15. (supply) of food are almost used up, so we need to go shopping.
16. The government has declared a state of e following the earthquake.
17. Of the six people injured in the crash, only two (幸存).
18. People were desperately seeking (遮蔽处) from the gunfire.
19. There is only one thing that people can't take away from you, and that is your w !
20. He had attempted to r the drowning man but failed in the end.
二、语法巩固。
1. Ellen was a painter of birds and nature, , for some reason, had withdrawn from all human society.
2. Students are sure to benefit from every minute is made the best use of to study their lessons.
3. The town is not the tourist attraction it once was.
4. Chance favours only those know how to please her.
5. The famous writer and his works the radio broadcast have aroused great interest among the students.
6. These days, pet-keeping has spread even to parts of the world have no tradition of sinking into a comfortable couch with a furry creature.
7. Young people who have got jobs may realise university lessons can't be the only preparation for all the situations
appear in the working world.
8. September 18th,1931, is the day we will never forget.
9. We’ ll reach the sales target in a month we set at the beginning of the year.
10. The reason he gave for his second visit to the city was simply he admired the sights here so much.
11. A company profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.
12. He had a broken nose and cuts on his lips, one of needed stitches.
13. Marriage is the alliance (联盟) of two people, one of never remembers birthdays and the other who never forgets.
14. With the development of the country, the people in village I taught before have lived a happy life.
15. It would involve all Rome in a fearful battle, the end of no man could foresee.
三、完成句子(一空一词)。
1.由于陷入沉思，他差点儿被车撞倒。
, he was nearly hit by a car.
2.随着时间的推移，我们的父母变老了，更依赖我们了。
With time , our parents get older and become more us.
3.只有当我们不断提高科学技术，我们才能更准确地预测自然灾害。
we constantly improve science and technology
natural disasters more accurately.
4.被电视里灾后的可怕场景深深触动，他们自愿为受灾区捐款。(struck)
the terrible scenes onTV, they to donate money to the areas.
5.他趁没人注意时溜了出去。
He while no one was looking.
6.我感到幸福和宽慰涌上心头。
I felt happiness and relief me.
7.这部电影有扣人心弦的故事、出色的表演、精湛的布景和令人惊叹的特效。
The film has got a story, great acting, superb sets, and special effects.
8.我裹得严严实实，躲过了严寒和刮风的天气。
I was wrapped heavily and well the freezing and blowing weather.
9.我们都惊讶得说不出话来。
We were all dumb with amazement.
10.所有的云都被强风吹走了。
All the clouds were by the strong wind.
11.她觉得头要爆裂了。
Her head felt as if it .
12.他表现得好像一点都没有听过这件事一样。
He acted as if he an y of it.
13.第二天早上，我正感到绝望的时候，一艘船发现了我。
The next morning I just about to myself for being lost
I was spotted by a ship.
14.爱玛皱起了眉头，努力使自己镇定下来。
Emma frowned, to compose herself.
15.山岳冰川在长度和厚度方面各不相同。
Mountain glaciers may in and thickness.
四、单元话题写作。
在过去的几十年里，地球环境遭到人类活动的严重破坏。作为一名学生，请你写一封信呼吁大家保护环境。
要点包括：
1.描述目前的严重情况；
2.强调环境的重要性；
3.提出可行措施。
【审题】
1.书信类型：呼吁信
2.写作对象：全社会
3.态度语气：正式、严肃
4.时态：现在完成时，一般现在时等
【篇章布局】
第一段：直入正题，描述环境问题，呼吁大家保护环境。
第二段：强调环境的重要性(可从正反等不同角度阐释)。
第三段：提出可行措施，号召大家拿出实际行动。
→范文赏析+填空
To everyone on our planet,
Over the past years, floods, droughts, landslides, and dust-storms (频繁光临) our planet, the only (栖息地) of human beings. Several days ago,a tsunami swept the Southeast Asia, which has
caused (巨大的破坏). All these (敲响了警钟) human beings.
The destruction which is caused by human beings (唤起了人们的担忧) all over the world. If we pay no attention to the present destructive human activities, our planet will become a tomb instead of a cozy home. What's more, we should realise that (只有从地球) can we obtain our shelter, food, cloth and so forth.
(应对措施) must be taken to ( 抑 制 ) the destruction caused by human beings. Most importantly, laws must be established to punish those who (参与) destructive conducts.
→小试牛刀
To everyone on our planet,
Unit 4 Natural Disasters
Part 1 词性转换
1. disastrous; devastating 2. dry 3. destructive, destruction, destroying
4. evacuation 5. dead, die 6. percentage 7. shocking, shocked
8. electric, electrical, electronic 9. burial 10. breath 11. unite, united, union
12. suffering 13. survivor, survival 14. powerful 15. emergent
16. delivery 17. effective 18. long 19. destruction; eruption; reduction
20. revival; arrival; approval 21. wisdom, freedom, kingdom
22. summarize, realize, apologise
Part 2 核心词汇表达讲解
1. flood: 1) floods; 2) flooded; 3) flooding/ to flood
2. damage: 即时练习]1) to; 2) damages; 3) have been/ were damaged; 4) damage;[词汇辨析]1) destroyed/ ruined; 2) wounded; 3) hurt; 4) injured; 5) harm; 6) damage
3. affect:1) have affected; 2) were affected/ have been affected; 3) has/ had no effect on
4. shelter: 1) under; 2) sheltered from; 3) Under the shelter of
5. ruin:1) has ruined; 2) in; 3) ruin his future/ prospect
6. trap:1) were trapped; 2) into
7. bury:1) Buried; 2) Burying; 3) was buried
8. effort: 1) pay off; 2) an
9. supply: 1) supply; 2) The water supply has been cut off
10. survive:1) by; 2) on
11. calm:1) calm; 2) quiet; 3) still; 4) silent
12. strike:1) striking; 2) when; 3) struck
Part 3 重难点语言现象解读
1.1) were; 2) had been; 3) would be carried out
2.1) allowing; allowed; 2) turning; to be told
Part 4 单元语法讲解
1. 1) That tree, whose branches are almost bare, is very old.
2) Antarctic, which we know very little about, is covered with thick ice all the year round.
3) The girl who is singing an English song in the next room is Tom's sister.
2.1) that/ which; 2) that/ which; 3) whom; 4) whose; 5) whose; 6) which;
7) who; 8) that; 9) which; 10) that
Part 6 单元练习
一、单词拼写
1. slid 2. flooding 3. rescuers 4. damages 5. death 6. have destroyed7. was affected 8. cracks 9. ruins 10. is trapped 11. delivered 12. swept13. whistling 14. struck 15. Supplies 16. emergency 17. survived18. shelter 19. wisdom 20. rescue
二、语法巩固
1. who 2. that 3. that 4. who 5. that 6. that/ which 7. that
8. that/ which 9. that/ which 10. that/ which, that 11. whose 12. which
13. whom 14. whose 15. which
三、完成句子
1. Buried in thought; 2. going by; reliant/ dependent on; 3. Only when; can we predict;
4. Struck by; volunteered; affected; 5. slid out; 6. flooding over; 7. gripping; stunning;
8. sheltered from; 9. struck; 10. blown/ swept away; 11. would burst/ explode;
12. hadn't heard; 113. was; give; up; when; 14. making an effort; 15. vary; length
四、单元话题写作
have frequented our planet; habitat; enormous damage; have sounded an alarm to; has aroused people's concern; only from our planet; Counter-measures;
curb; are involved in