人教版（2019）必修第一册Unit 5 Languages Around the World 单元导学案（含答案）
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Unit 5
Languages Around the World
Part 1 词性转换
1. reference n.指称关系;参考→ vi.提到;参考;查阅 vt.查询;叫……求助于→ (现在分词)→ (过去分词)
2. system n.体系;制度;系统→ adj.有系统的;有规律的→ adv.系统地；有规律地
3. base vt.以……为据点;以……为基础 n.底部; 根据→ adj.以(某事)为基础的；以……为重要部分(或特征)的→ adj. 基本的;必需的→ n.基准；缘由；要素
4. bone n. 骨头;骨(质)→ adj.骨瘦如柴的；多刺的
5. symbol n.符号;象征→ adj.有象征意义的；象征性的→ vt.象征
6. carve vt. & vi. 雕刻→ n. 雕刻品；雕刻术
7. variety n.(植物、语言等的)变体;异体;多样化→ adj. 各种各样的→ adj. 多变的→ vi.变化;相异 vt.变更;改变
8. major adj. 主要的;重要的;大的 n.主修课程；主修学生 vi. 主修；专门研究→
n.大多数→(反义词)
n.少数
9. regard n.尊重;关注 vt.把……视为;看待→ prep.关于;至于
10. global adj.全球的;全世界的→ adv.全球地→ n.地球;地球仪
11. appreciate vt.欣赏;重视;感激;领会 vi.增值→ n.欣赏；理解；感激→ adj.感激的;欣赏的
12. specific adj. 特定的;明确的;具体的→ adv.具体地;明确地
13. equal n.同等的人;相等物 adj.相同的;同样的 vt.等于；比得上→ adv.平等地;同样地→ n.平等；相等→ n.不平等
14. demand n.要求;需求 vt.强烈要求;需要 vi.查问→ adj.苛刻的;要求高的
15. description n.(描写)文字;形容→ vt. 描述→ adj. 描写的
16. relate vt.联系;讲述→ n.关系;关联;亲属→ adj.相关的；属于同一类别的→ adj. 比较的；相对的 n.亲戚；同类事物
Part 2 核心词汇表达讲解
refer
vi.提到;参考;查阅 vt.查询;叫……求助于(referred-referred; referring)
reference n.指称关系;参考
→核心结构
refer to 指的是;描述;提到;查阅
be referred to as …被称为……
refer ... to ...将······送交给(以求获得帮助等)
reference books 参考书
→典例赏析
(1) The scientist referred to global warming at least three times in his speech.
(2) Refer to a dictionary to check the spelling.
(3) Paris is referred to as a shopping paradise.
(4) We will need references from your former employers.
(5)I am writing to you in/ with reference to the job opening in your department.
(6) Keep their price list on file for future reference.
即时练习
根据句意及提示完成句子。
(1) The man (refer) to just now is the boss of the company where my sister once worked.
(2)I always keep my (refer) books near my desk for convenience.
(3) The Pritzker Architecture Prize is often referred to the Nobel Prize in architecture.
base
vt.以……为据点;以……为基础 n.底部；根据
basis n. 基准;缘由;要素
→核心结构
base … on …把……奠定在……基础上
be based on ...基于……
on a regular basis 定期
base camp 大本营
→典例赏析
(1) Plants are necessary for life on the Earth, as they are the base of the food chain.
(2) The company has its base in Paris, and branch offices all round the world.
(3) Their statement had no basis in fact.
即时练习
根据句意及提示完成句子。
(1) They base their company in London.
= Their company London.
(2) The author based his book on a real-life incident.
= The book a real-life incident.
(3) (base) on a real-life story, the book receives many positive reviews.
(4) (base) itself on a real- life story, the book receives many positive reviews.
symbol
n.符号；象征
→核心结构
a symbol of …一个……的象征
→典例赏析
(1) White has always been a symbol of purity in Western cultures.
(2) In Chinese folklore the bat is a symbol of good fortune.
词汇辨析
signal 为某一目的而发出的信号，暗号；红绿灯；信号灯。
symbol 作象征或表达某种深邃的意蕴。
mark 为便于辨认而有意做的标记或者自然形成的有别于其他事物的标记；又指污点、疤痕;成绩,等级;靶子。如 birthmark(胎记), landmark(路标)。
sign 指人们公认事物的招牌、指示牌；某种情况的征兆、迹象；示意的动作和声音。
→即时练习
用“词汇辨析”中词的适当形式填空。
(1) Dark clouds are usually a of rain.
(2)A red light is usually a of danger.
(3) In our class, when the bell rang and the teacher closed his book, it was a for everyone to stand up.
(4) The cross is the of Christianity.
(5) His dirty shoes left all over the floor.
(6)I couldn't hear you clearly because my mobile phone couldn't receive a good
(7)I put a in the margin(空白处) to remind me to check the figure.
variety
n.(植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化
vary vi.变化;相异 vt.变更;改变
various adj.各种各样的
核心结构
a variety of …/ varieties of …各种各样的
add variety to …为……增加多样性
vary from … to …各不相同
→典例赏析
(1)I was surprised by the variety of the choices that were available.
(2) You can buy different varieties of oranges in this supermarket.
(3) Our diet lacks variety.
(4) Variety is the spice of life.
→ 即时练习
根据句意及提示完成句子。
(1) The talks covered (大量的) topics.
(2) Occasionally working from home adds/ gives/ brings to a job.
(3) The Chinese now have access to many imports from luxury goods like high-end cars and famous brand watches, daily commodities like vegetables and fruits.
(4) Tents come in shapes and sizes.
means
n.方式；方法；途径
→核心结构
by all means 当然;没问题
by means of …通过……手段
by no means一点也不;绝不
→典例赏析
(1) We needed to get to London but we had
no means of transport.
(2) In their world, the only means of communication is sign language.
即时练习
根据句意及提示完成句子。
(1) He will try his utmost to help them (依靠;借助) his medical knowledge.
(2) Please (务必;一定) hand in the report on time.
(3) (绝不) should we cheat in the exams.
→词汇辨析
approach 指待人接物或思考问题的方式、方法、态度，是学习或研究问题的方法，指解决某个具体问题所需要的各种步骤的统称，它一定是针对某个具体问题的解决方法。如: an/ sb.'s approach to …解决……的一个(某人的)办法。
way “方法”的通用语，使用范围很广，但较多地用在具体的事情上或口语中。如： in this/ that way 通过这种(那种方法); a way of …的方法。
method 指有条理的、系统的办法，特别指新的办法；做某件工作的固定的套路，表示颇为复杂的一套方法。如:a method of… 的一套方法; with a … method 通过……的方法。
means 指实现目的的任何手段，或使用某种交通工具的方式。单复数同形。
→即时练习
用“词汇辨析“中词的适当形式完成句子。
(1) His teaching presents a new to foreign language teaching.
(2) By this they can increased their sales.
(3) Change your of thinking, and you' ll feel better.
(4) With this ,I' ve created a couple of successful blogs and achieved a few other things along the way.
regard
n.尊重;关注 vt.把……视为;看待
regarding prep. 关于
→ 核心结构
be regarded as …被认为/看作……
with/ in regard to 关于;至于
→典例赏析
(1) Regarded as the greatest scientist of all times, Einstein enjoys great popularity both at home and abroad.
(2)I have little information with/ in regard to her fitness for the post.
(3) His work is highly regarded by art experts.
(4) Bob had high regard for his old professor, Dr Finch.
(5) Give your parents my regards when you visit them.
→即时练习
根据句意及提示完成句子。
(1) Some of the plants and animals have survived millions of years, and are regarded living fossils.
(2) Call me if you have any problems (关于) your work.
(3) Give your brother my when you see him.
● appreciate
vt.欣赏;重视;感激;领会 vi.增值
appreciation n.欣赏;理解;感激
appreciative adj.感激的;欣赏的
核心结构
I would appreciate it if …如果……我将不胜感激。
I appreciate it.我很感激。
in appreciation of感激;感谢
appreciative laughter/ comments 赞赏的笑声/议论
→典例赏析
(1) It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate what my parents had done for me.
(2) His talents aren't appreciated by his boss, which makes him depressed.
(3)I really appreciate working with someone who does such a good job.
→即时练习
根据句意及提示完成句子。
(1)I would appreciate if you could teach me how to use the computer.
(2) We are very appreciative your efforts.
struggle
n.& vi.斗争;奋斗;搏斗
→核心结构
struggle for …努力争取……
struggle with/ against …和……斗争;抗争
struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来
→典例赏析
(1) It is a real struggle to get up early in the chilly morning.
(2) She's struggling to bring up a family on a low income.
→即时练习
根据句意及提示完成句子。
(1) Her mother has been struggling her illness for many years.
(2) Millions of people are struggling survival.
(3) Dina, (struggle) for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency.
(4) Losing weight was definitely struggle.
equal
★adj.(地位、权利)相同的;(大小、数量、价值)同样的；(能力、勇气)能应付的；能胜任的
→核心结构
equal rights/ opportunity/ value 平等的权利/机会/价值观
→即时练习
根据句意及提示完成句子。
(1) The architecture here (比得上) any in the world.
(2) Bill ( 能胜任) the challenge.
★vt. 等于；比得上；匹敌
→典例赏析
Three times three equals nine.
→即时练习
根据句意及提示完成句子。
No one equals him strength.
★n.同等的人；相等物
equally adv.平等地;同样地
equality n.平等;相等
→即时练习
根据句意及提示完成或翻译句子。
(1) All men are born , so everyone hopes to be treated because is the essential demand.
(2)他们为了获得平等权利已经进行了顽强的斗争。
demand
n.要求;需要 vt.强烈要求;需要 vi.查问
→核心结构
demand to do sth.坚决要求做某事
demand sth. of/ from sb.要求某人某事
demand that sb./ sth. (should) do 要求某人/某事(应该)做
great/ huge demand for sth.对……需求大
in great demand大量需求
meet/ satisfy one's demands 满足某人的需求
→典例赏析
(1) This work demands care and patience.
(2) There's an increased demand for organic produce these days.
(3) He tried to return to work, but found he could no longer cope with his demanding job.
→即时练习
根据句意及提示完成句子。
(1) He demanded to be told everything. = He demanded that he (tell) everything.
(2) The books written by Shakespeare are always great demand.
(3) She sang another song demand.
①relate
vt.联系;讲述
relation n.关系;关联;亲属
→核心结构
relate … to …把……和……联系起来
be related to …和……有联系
relate to sb./ sth.理解某人/某事;感同身受“与……有关；把……联系起来”的相关短
语: have connection with; be in connection with; be related to; have something to do with; be linked with; be associated with
→典例赏析
(1)I don't understand how the two ideas relate.
(2) Much of the crime in this area is related to drug abuse.
(3) Later, he related the whole story to me.
(4)I know he feels upset, and I can relate to that.
→ 即时练习
根据句意及提示完成句子。
(1) The report attempts to relate the rise in crime an increase in unemployment.
(2) He suffers with memory loss (relate) to his disease.
(3) with neighbouring countries are under strain at present.
Part 3 重难点语言现象解读
And why is it that writers write but … hammers don't ham (教材 P61)
【强调句】陈述句的强调结构为“It is (was) +被
强调部分+ that (who) …”。
注意：当被强调的指人时，用 that 或 who均可；当被强调的不是指人时，则只能用 that(注意不用 which)。如:
It was in the office that he was killed.
It is he who/ that broke the window.
It was to you and not anyone else that I lent the money.
一般疑问句的强调结构是将 be 提到句首,即“Is/ Wasit + 被强调部分 + that/ who…”。 如:
Is it Tommy who answered the telephone
Is it from advertising that a newspaper earns a lot of its profits
→即时练习
根据句意及提示完成句子。
(1) (就是简) found your pen in the classroom yesterday
(2) (就是在1939年) the Second World War broke out
(3) (你就是在电影院弄丢的手机吗 )
特殊疑问句的强调结构为“疑问词(Who/ What/ When/ Where/ Why/ How) + is/ was it that … ”。如:
When was it that he got married (他是什么时候结婚的 )
Who was it that won the World Cup in 1982 (谁赢得了1982 年的世界杯 )
Why is it that I always land up cleaning thebath (为什么总是该我来洗刷浴缸 )
→ 即时练习
对画线部分提问。
(1) It was Jane that/ who found your pen in the classroom yesterday. →
found your pen in the classroom yesterday
(2) It was in 1939 that the Second World War broke out.→ the Second World War broke out
(3) It was at the cinema that I lost my cell phone. → you lost your cell phone
Even today, no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak, they can all still communicate in writing. (教材P62)
该句为“no matter +疑问词”引导的让步状语从句。注意“no matter+疑问词”结构与“疑问词+ ever”在用法上的区别。
(1)“no matter +疑问词”结构只能引导让步状语从句，这时可与“疑问词 + ever”互换。如：
No matter where he may be ( = Wherever he may be), he will be happy.
(2)“疑问词+ ever”还可以引导名词性从句。如：
Give this book to whoever likes it.(不能与 no matter who 互换)
(3) whoever引导名词性从句，可在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等; whomever 也可引导名词性从句，但只能在从句中作宾语。
(4) whatever表示“无论什么”,没有一定的范围限制; whichever 表示“无论哪一个;无论哪些”，其后可接一个名词。如：
Eat whichever cake you like.
→ 即时练习
根据句意及提示完成句子。
(1)
(无论此刻发生什么), we shall never lose hope.
(2) (不管你是谁), you must obey the school regulations.
(3) ——— ——(不管你去哪里),I would keep you company.
(4) team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.
(5) Sarah hopes to become a friend of shares her interests.
China is widely known for its ancient civilisation which has continued all the way through into modern times, despite the many ups and downs in its history.(教材P62)
【despite 的用法】
(1) Despite ups and downs, she never takes her fate lying down.
= In spite of ups and downs, she never takes her fate lying down.
(2) Despite/ In spite of the fact that she has gone through ups and downs, she never takes her fate lying down.
即时练习
根据句意及提示完成句子。
Despite (warn) not to go near the river, she sneaked out at night.
【表示“尽管”的其他用法】 though、 although、 while 和 as
(1) While/ Although/ Though she has gone through ups and downs, she never takes her fate lying down.
(2) Tough as/ though life has been on her, she never takes her fate lying down.
(3) Hard as/ though she worked, she failed.
(4) Try as/ though she might, she failed. even though 和 even if
(1) Even though I have many delicate feelings to share, who can I speak to
(2) Even if my tears turn into a stream in May, still it can't carry all my grief away.
By the Shang Dynasty, these symbols had become a well-developed writing system.(教材 P62)
【by+时间的三种时态】
by+过去的时间，主句用过去完成时； by+将来的时间，主句用将来完成时。除此之外，如果 by 后加将来时间，且从句事件发生在主句事件之前，主句动词可用一般时态。
→即时练习
根据句意及提示完成句子。
(1) By the time we arrived, someone (grab) all the good seats.
(2) By the end of next year, I (learn) over 5,000 words.
Part 4 单元语法讲解
定语从句2
一、关系副词引导的定语从句
定语从句中的关系副词有：when， where, why。
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。如：
I' ll never forget the day when we met each other last week.
Beijing is the place where I was born.
This is the reason why he refused our offer.
→即时练习
单项选择。
(1) Is this the factory you visited the other day
A. that B. where
C. in which D. the one
(2) Is this factory some foreign friends visited last Friday
A. that B. where
C. which D. the one
(3) Is this the factory he worked ten years ago
A. that B. where
C. which D. the one
【注意】
某些在从句充当时间、地点或原因状语的介词+关系词结构可以同关系副词 when或 where 互换。
→ 即时练习
1.用介词+关系词结构替换下列黑体字。
(1) This is the house where I lived two years ago. =
(2) Do you remember the day when you joined our club =
(3) The reason why he refused the invitation is quite clear. =
2.单项选择。
(1) They visited the house the great writer was born.
A. from where B. in which
C. which D. in where
(2)I' ll visit the professor tomorrow, he will be back from Shanghai.
A. who B. that
C. when D. which
(3) The city my mother grew up is not far from here.
A. what B. where
C. that D. which
(4) Do you know the man your father nodded
A. whom
B. to whom
C. to who
D. about whom
(5) Wrestling is a sport in people easily get hurt.
A. that B. when
C. which D. what
二、介词+关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。如：
The school (which/ that) he once studied in is very famous. = The school in which he once studied is very famous.
Tomorrow I' ll bring here the magazine (which/ that) you asked for. = Tomorrow I' ll bring here the magazine for which you asked.
This is the boy (whom/ who/ that) I played tennis with yesterday. = This is the boy with whom I played tennis yesterday.
The manager whose company I work in pays much attention to improving our working conditions. = The manager in whose company I work pays much attention to improving our working conditions.
【注意】
1.含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如: look for, look
after, take care of等。
This is the watch (which/ that) I am looking for. (正)
This is the watch for which I am looking.
(误)
The babies (whom/ who/ that) the nurse is looking after are very healthy.(正)
The babies after whom the nurse is looking are very healthy. (误)
2.若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用 whom,不可用 who, that;关系代词指物时只可用 which,不可用 that;关系代词是所有格时用 whose。如：
The man with whom you talked just now is my neighbour. (正)
The man with that/ who you talked just now is my neighbour. (误)
The plane in which we flew to Canada was really comfortable. (正)
The plane in that we flew to Canada was really comfortable. (误)
3. “介词+关系代词”前还可有 some, any, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each, few 等代词或者数词。如:
He loves his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.
In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad.
There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities.
Up to now, he has written ten stories, three of which are about country life.
→即时练习
根据句意及提示完成句子。
(1) For many cities in the world, there is no
room to spread out further, which New York is an example.
(2) Mr Zheng is a patient teacher whom I have the greatest respect and he is popular with the students.
(3) Although modern technology could help produce more crops, these terraces (梯田) still mean a lot to the local people whom traditions hold much value.
(4) If they continue abusing drugs, in the end drug users will find themselves trapped in a prison which they cannot escape.
(5) Many elderly people consider school days as their golden days which they cannot return again.
(6) Companies should understand the risks which they are exposed and monitor their control over environments adequately.
(7)A friend is someone draws out your best qualities, whom you sparkle and become more knowledgeable.
(8) Chimps will check to see if they have the attention of the animal which they wish to communicate.
(9) It's reported that the city needs more land which to build houses.
(10) You can hardly imagine the rate which his car has been running on the freeway.
Part 5 话题拓展词汇与语块
话题词汇
1.文化背景
(经 济 ) economy; capital; commercial; investment; national income; planned economy; business recession; economic growth rate; commercial channels; economic trend/ situation; income tax; interest rate; economic prosperity
(政治) administration; ambassador; army; country; citizen; civil; communism; communist; constitution; elect; vote; embassy; government; nationality; party; politics; president; revolution; state; statesman; spokeswoman; soldier; civil war; break out
(社会) socialism; globalization; immigration; population; public; urban; industry; balance; employment; breakthrough; social development; the working class; the upper class; birth rate; environmentally-friendly society; gap between rich and poor; a new era; social welfare; living standards
(文化) civilization; custom; tradition; religion; literature; masterpiece; fiction; play; comedy; poem; novel; essay; anecdote; biography; the Renaissance; paper cutting; cultural diversity; human civilization; date back to/ date from
2.语言学习
accumulate; define; distinguish; memorise; practice; repeat; improve; master; overcome; pronounce; review; digest; approach; base;
confuse; explanation; expression; grammar; dialogue; assimilation; linguistic; confident; tough; fluent; troublesome; monolingual; bilingual; bear in mind; have a good command/ knowledge of; insist on; learn .., by heart; apply oneself/ one's mind to; concentrate one's mind on
3.语言演变
change; simplify; transform; derive; disappear; expand; renew; arbitrary; various; symbol; loanword; origin; evolution; conversion; compound; borrow language; in danger of/ on the verge of extinction
4.语言特征
modern; explicit; brilliant; gorgeous; standard; specific; complicated; elegant; romantic; profound; popular; widely used; rigorous; systematic; valuable; concise; vivid; ambiguous; attractive; authentic; humourous
5.国际交流与传播
absorb; discard; attend; affiliate; disseminate; propagate; bridge; convention; broad-minded; widespread; dominant; patriotic; delegate; interpreter; cultural exchanges/ interaction; narrow the gap between; different from; confront with; cultural confidence; cultural shock; broaden one's horizon; adapt to; cross-cultural communication; international meeting/ conference; global village
→重要语块
1. adapt oneself to …使自己适应……
2. scope of knowledge知识面
3. narrow the gap between …缩小…的差距
4. lighten the burden of …减轻了…的负担
5.comprehensive knowledge 广博的知识
6. distance education 远程教育
7. enrich the teaching method 丰富教育手段
8. receive education 接受教育
9. multimedia teaching多媒体教学
10. vocational education 职业教育
11. cultural diversity 文化的多元性
12. exchange experience 交流经验
13. undertake obligations 承担责任
14. be easily taken in by sb./ sth.容易受到某人或某事的欺骗
15. exam-oriented education 应试教育
16. education for all-round development 全面发展教育
17. develop our creative mind 培养创造性思维
18. renew knowledge 革新知识
pulsory education 义务教育
20. fake diplomas 假文凭
21. keep skills fresh and up-to-date 技能与时俱进
22. have quick and easy access to ……更快接触到……
23. knowledge-intensive知识密集型的
24. people-oriented 以人为本的
25. widen one's knowledge 拓展知识面
26. enrich one's experience 丰富阅历
27. expand one's view 拓展知识面
28. broaden one's horizons 拓展知识面
29. down-to-earth 切合实际的
30. thought-provoking 引人深思的
31. enlightening 予以人启迪的
32. far-reaching 深远的
33. never-ending永不停息的
34. perplexing令人困惑的
35. overwhelming 压倒一切的
36. insightful 富有洞察力的;有深刻见解的
37. catch a few words 听懂几个词
38. varieties of dialects and characters 各种方言和汉字
Part 6 单元练习
一、单词拼写(根据中文提示或首字母填空)。
1. This book is for (参考) only.
2. The ( 基 础) of a good marriage is trust.
3. Easter eggs (象征) the renewal of life.
4. Heat from the earth's core takes b of years to escape to the surface.
5. He missed the opportunity for (各种各样的) reasons.
6. For him the stage is just a (方式) of making a living.
7. The (乞丐) shivered in the cold winter.
8. I would (感激) it if you could give me some advice.
9. We just can't find good enough second-hand cars to satisfy our (要求).
10. He gave me a detailed (描述) of how he managed to get the information.
11. Both parents and teenagers must try to bridge the generation g between them.
12. Lu Xun made his (人物;角色) live through their language in his stories.
13. The film referred to in his speech is
b on a real historical event.
14. There are calls for (主要的) changes to the system.
15. A (系统) will be built to forecast the weather every several minutes during the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics.
16. Ancient Babylonia is often r to in popular culture as a“lost world”.
17. Television is an effective m of communication.
18. He is a craftsman and good at (雕刻).
19. Physical activity is an important (因素) in maintaining fitness.
20. They are devoted to protecting the tradition of (书法).
二、语法巩固。
1. Self-driving is an area China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.
2. We have entered into an age dreams have the best chance of coming true.
3. Cheating is most likely in situations the vital interests are high and the chances of getting caught are low.
4. Friendship is born at that moment one says to the other, “What, you too I thought I was the only one.”
5. Only humans and chimps had a system, she said, had a system of communication they deliberately sent a message to another group member.
6. He always visits me at intervals there is free time.
7. She is a role model is often praised by the teachers, and
others can learn a lot.
8. A series of policies has been adopted so far benefits the poverty-stricken people will enjoy.
9. Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes people were eaten by the tiger.
10. She remembered several occasions in the past she had experienced a similar feeling.
11. The reason, believe it or not, he was late was really true.
12. Everyone has periods in their lives everything seems very hard.
13. Gone are the days we were short of food and clothing.
14. These old pictures bring to their mind the college days they spent together, life was hard but happy.
15. The repair work of Angkor Wat people supposed would last at least ten years was completed within eight years.
三、完成句子(一空一词)。
1.偶尔在家工作可以增加工作的多样性。
Occasionally working from home a job.
2.餐馆种类繁多，从街边的热狗摊或面条摊到拥有最好烹饪技术的精致餐馆。
There are many kinds of restaurants st reet stands for a hot dog or a bowl of noodles elaborate restaurants with the best cooking.
3.追溯到秦朝，这本诗集有很高的研究价值。
the Qin Dynasty, this collection of poems is of great research value.
4.不管结果如何，那都将是一场恶战。
, it's going to be one hell of a fight.
5.书面汉语也成为中国现在与过去联系的重要手段。
Written Chinese has also become an important means China's present is connected with its past.
6.随着中国在全球事务中扮演越来越重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始通过这神奇的语言来欣赏中国文化和历史。
As China plays a greater role in global affairs, of international students are beginning to appreciate China's culture and history through this amazing language.
7.依我看，这次聚会非常圆满。
From my , the party was a complete success.
8.一个人的成功与他自己的选择直接相关。
Success of a man is directly the choice made by himself.
9.能见到我最喜欢的作者本人的欣喜之情简直无法言喻。
The thrill of meeting my favourite writer in person is .
10.我们不能根据传言作决定。
We can't make a decision rumors.
11.正是历经生活中所有的起伏才使我们变得更强大
It's emerging from all the in life that makes us
stronger.
12.为满足对新轿车需求的增加，工人们正全力以赴地工作。
Workers are working around the clock to meet the rise for new cars.
13.在西方文化中，白色一向象征纯洁。
White has always been in Western cultures.
14.在这块贫瘠的土地上耕种是与大自然做斗争。
Farming on this bad land is nature.
15.尽管我们都很担心，结果一切都顺利。
, everything turned out well.
四、单元话题写作。
假设你是某国际中学的李华，你校将选举一位“推广汉语言文化”活动的负责人，你欲参选。请按以下提示写一篇竞选演讲稿，内容包括：
1.自我介绍(性格、爱好和自身优势)；
2.当选之后的举措(至少列举两点)。
注意:1.词数100左右;
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【审题】
1.写作类型：竞选演讲稿
2.写作对象：学校同学
3.态度语气：自信、大方、有感染力
4.时态：一般现在时
【篇章布局】
第一段：直入正题，表明写作目的→竞选活动负责人。
第二段：介绍自身情况(突出优势，匹配岗位，让人信服)。
第三段：当选之后的举措(具体，可操
作)。
第四段：精炼结尾，鼓励大家选择自己。
→范文赏析+填空
Good afternoon, everyone!
Thank you for giving me this opportunity. Now allow me to introduce myself. I'm Li Hua, ( 竞 选 ) the post of promoting our Chinese culture. I'm easy-going and warm-hearted, serves as a plus for me to make new friends. (精力充沛的) and responsible,I' ll put all my heart and soul into the activity. Besides, reading is the (来源) of my joy and knowledge, and I have an excellent ( 掌 握 ) of knowledge with respect to this field.
If I lucky enough to be chosen, I would spare no effort to live up to your expectations. More colourful activities, (旨在) introducing Chinese culture, will be organised, which will (确切地,肯定地) make you more aware of Chinese culture and enrich your school life. Furthermore, a club, where my fellow students can be (接触) to Chinese cultures, will be set up, thus providing (途径) to students who are interested in Chinese.
Thanks for your attention!
Good afternoon, everyone!
Thanks for your attention!
Unit 5 Languages Around the World
Part 1 词性转换
1. refer, referring, referred; 2. systematic, systematically; 3. based, basic, basis;
4. bony; 5. symbolic, symbolize;6. carving;7. various, varied, vary;
8. majority, minority; 9. regarding; 10. globally, globe; 11. appreciation, appreciative;
12. specifically; 13. equally, equality, inequality; 14. demanding;
15. describe, descriptive; 16. relation, related; relative
Part 2 核心词汇表达讲解
1. refer:1) referred; 2) reference; 3) as
2. base:1) is based in; 2) is based on; 3) Based; 4) Basing
3. symbol:1) sign; 2) signal; 3) signal; 4) symbol; 5) marks; 6) signal; 7) mark
4. variety: 1)a variety of/ varieties of; 2) variety; 3) varying; to; 4) various
5. means: 1) by means of; 2) by all means; 3) By no means
【即时练习】1) method; approach; 2) means; 3) way; 4) method
6. regard:1) as; 2) regarding; 3) regards
7. appreciate:1) it; 2) of
8. struggle:1) against; 2) for; 3) having struggled; 4)a
9. equal: 【adj.】1) is equal to; 2) is equal to;【v.】 in; [即时练习]1) equal; equally ; equality; 2) They had fought hard for equal rights.
10. demand: 1)(should) be told; 2) in; 3) on
11. relate:1) to; 2) related; 3) Relations
Part 3 重难点语言现象解读
1.[即时练习]1) Was it Jane that/ who;2) Was it in 1939 that;
3) Was it in the cinema that you lost your cell phone
[即时练习]1) Who was it that; 2) When was it that; 3) Where was it that
2.[即时练习]1) Whatever/ No matter what happens now;
2) Whoever/ No matter who you are;
3) Wherever/ No matter where you go; 4) Whichever; 5) whoever
3.[即时练习] having been warned
4.[即时练习]1) had grabbed; 2) will have learnt
Part 4 单元语法讲解
一、 [即时练习](1) - (3) ADB; 1.(1) in which; (2) on which; (3) for which;2.(1)-(5) BCBBC
二、(1) of (2) for (3) for (4) from (5) to
(6) to (7) who, with (8) with (9) on (10) at
Part 6 单元练习
一、单词拼写
1. reference; 2. basis; 3. symbolize/ symbolize; 4. billions; 5. various; 6. means;7. beggar; 8. appreciate; 9. demands; 10. description; 11. gap; 12. characters; 13. based;14. major; 15. system; 16. referred; 17. means; 18. carving; 19. factor; 20. calligraphy二、语法巩固
1. where; 2. when; 3. where; 4. when; 5. where; 6. when; 7. who, from whom;8. whose; 9. where; 10. when; 11. why; 12. when; 13. when; 14. that/ which; when;15. which
三、完成句子
1. adds variety to; 2. varying from; to; 3. Dating back to; 4. Whatever the outcome;
5. by which; 6. an increasing number; 7. point of view; 8. related to; 9. beyond description;
10. based on; 11. ups and downs; 12. in demand; 13. a symbol of purity;
14. a struggle against; 15. Despite our worries
四、单元话题写作
running for which Energetic source command
were aimed at definitely exposed access
Languages Around the World
Part 1 词性转换
1. reference n.指称关系;参考→ vi.提到;参考;查阅 vt.查询;叫……求助于→ (现在分词)→ (过去分词)
2. system n.体系;制度;系统→ adj.有系统的;有规律的→ adv.系统地；有规律地
3. base vt.以……为据点;以……为基础 n.底部; 根据→ adj.以(某事)为基础的；以……为重要部分(或特征)的→ adj. 基本的;必需的→ n.基准；缘由；要素
4. bone n. 骨头;骨(质)→ adj.骨瘦如柴的；多刺的
5. symbol n.符号;象征→ adj.有象征意义的；象征性的→ vt.象征
6. carve vt. & vi. 雕刻→ n. 雕刻品；雕刻术
7. variety n.(植物、语言等的)变体;异体;多样化→ adj. 各种各样的→ adj. 多变的→ vi.变化;相异 vt.变更;改变
8. major adj. 主要的;重要的;大的 n.主修课程；主修学生 vi. 主修；专门研究→
n.大多数→(反义词)
n.少数
9. regard n.尊重;关注 vt.把……视为;看待→ prep.关于;至于
10. global adj.全球的;全世界的→ adv.全球地→ n.地球;地球仪
11. appreciate vt.欣赏;重视;感激;领会 vi.增值→ n.欣赏；理解；感激→ adj.感激的;欣赏的
12. specific adj. 特定的;明确的;具体的→ adv.具体地;明确地
13. equal n.同等的人;相等物 adj.相同的;同样的 vt.等于；比得上→ adv.平等地;同样地→ n.平等；相等→ n.不平等
14. demand n.要求;需求 vt.强烈要求;需要 vi.查问→ adj.苛刻的;要求高的
15. description n.(描写)文字;形容→ vt. 描述→ adj. 描写的
16. relate vt.联系;讲述→ n.关系;关联;亲属→ adj.相关的；属于同一类别的→ adj. 比较的；相对的 n.亲戚；同类事物
Part 2 核心词汇表达讲解
refer
vi.提到;参考;查阅 vt.查询;叫……求助于(referred-referred; referring)
reference n.指称关系;参考
→核心结构
refer to 指的是;描述;提到;查阅
be referred to as …被称为……
refer ... to ...将······送交给(以求获得帮助等)
reference books 参考书
→典例赏析
(1) The scientist referred to global warming at least three times in his speech.
(2) Refer to a dictionary to check the spelling.
(3) Paris is referred to as a shopping paradise.
(4) We will need references from your former employers.
(5)I am writing to you in/ with reference to the job opening in your department.
(6) Keep their price list on file for future reference.
即时练习
根据句意及提示完成句子。
(1) The man (refer) to just now is the boss of the company where my sister once worked.
(2)I always keep my (refer) books near my desk for convenience.
(3) The Pritzker Architecture Prize is often referred to the Nobel Prize in architecture.
base
vt.以……为据点;以……为基础 n.底部；根据
basis n. 基准;缘由;要素
→核心结构
base … on …把……奠定在……基础上
be based on ...基于……
on a regular basis 定期
base camp 大本营
→典例赏析
(1) Plants are necessary for life on the Earth, as they are the base of the food chain.
(2) The company has its base in Paris, and branch offices all round the world.
(3) Their statement had no basis in fact.
即时练习
根据句意及提示完成句子。
(1) They base their company in London.
= Their company London.
(2) The author based his book on a real-life incident.
= The book a real-life incident.
(3) (base) on a real-life story, the book receives many positive reviews.
(4) (base) itself on a real- life story, the book receives many positive reviews.
symbol
n.符号；象征
→核心结构
a symbol of …一个……的象征
→典例赏析
(1) White has always been a symbol of purity in Western cultures.
(2) In Chinese folklore the bat is a symbol of good fortune.
词汇辨析
signal 为某一目的而发出的信号，暗号；红绿灯；信号灯。
symbol 作象征或表达某种深邃的意蕴。
mark 为便于辨认而有意做的标记或者自然形成的有别于其他事物的标记；又指污点、疤痕;成绩,等级;靶子。如 birthmark(胎记), landmark(路标)。
sign 指人们公认事物的招牌、指示牌；某种情况的征兆、迹象；示意的动作和声音。
→即时练习
用“词汇辨析”中词的适当形式填空。
(1) Dark clouds are usually a of rain.
(2)A red light is usually a of danger.
(3) In our class, when the bell rang and the teacher closed his book, it was a for everyone to stand up.
(4) The cross is the of Christianity.
(5) His dirty shoes left all over the floor.
(6)I couldn't hear you clearly because my mobile phone couldn't receive a good
(7)I put a in the margin(空白处) to remind me to check the figure.
variety
n.(植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化
vary vi.变化;相异 vt.变更;改变
various adj.各种各样的
核心结构
a variety of …/ varieties of …各种各样的
add variety to …为……增加多样性
vary from … to …各不相同
→典例赏析
(1)I was surprised by the variety of the choices that were available.
(2) You can buy different varieties of oranges in this supermarket.
(3) Our diet lacks variety.
(4) Variety is the spice of life.
→ 即时练习
根据句意及提示完成句子。
(1) The talks covered (大量的) topics.
(2) Occasionally working from home adds/ gives/ brings to a job.
(3) The Chinese now have access to many imports from luxury goods like high-end cars and famous brand watches, daily commodities like vegetables and fruits.
(4) Tents come in shapes and sizes.
means
n.方式；方法；途径
→核心结构
by all means 当然;没问题
by means of …通过……手段
by no means一点也不;绝不
→典例赏析
(1) We needed to get to London but we had
no means of transport.
(2) In their world, the only means of communication is sign language.
即时练习
根据句意及提示完成句子。
(1) He will try his utmost to help them (依靠;借助) his medical knowledge.
(2) Please (务必;一定) hand in the report on time.
(3) (绝不) should we cheat in the exams.
→词汇辨析
approach 指待人接物或思考问题的方式、方法、态度，是学习或研究问题的方法，指解决某个具体问题所需要的各种步骤的统称，它一定是针对某个具体问题的解决方法。如: an/ sb.'s approach to …解决……的一个(某人的)办法。
way “方法”的通用语，使用范围很广，但较多地用在具体的事情上或口语中。如： in this/ that way 通过这种(那种方法); a way of …的方法。
method 指有条理的、系统的办法，特别指新的办法；做某件工作的固定的套路，表示颇为复杂的一套方法。如:a method of… 的一套方法; with a … method 通过……的方法。
means 指实现目的的任何手段，或使用某种交通工具的方式。单复数同形。
→即时练习
用“词汇辨析“中词的适当形式完成句子。
(1) His teaching presents a new to foreign language teaching.
(2) By this they can increased their sales.
(3) Change your of thinking, and you' ll feel better.
(4) With this ,I' ve created a couple of successful blogs and achieved a few other things along the way.
regard
n.尊重;关注 vt.把……视为;看待
regarding prep. 关于
→ 核心结构
be regarded as …被认为/看作……
with/ in regard to 关于;至于
→典例赏析
(1) Regarded as the greatest scientist of all times, Einstein enjoys great popularity both at home and abroad.
(2)I have little information with/ in regard to her fitness for the post.
(3) His work is highly regarded by art experts.
(4) Bob had high regard for his old professor, Dr Finch.
(5) Give your parents my regards when you visit them.
→即时练习
根据句意及提示完成句子。
(1) Some of the plants and animals have survived millions of years, and are regarded living fossils.
(2) Call me if you have any problems (关于) your work.
(3) Give your brother my when you see him.
● appreciate
vt.欣赏;重视;感激;领会 vi.增值
appreciation n.欣赏;理解;感激
appreciative adj.感激的;欣赏的
核心结构
I would appreciate it if …如果……我将不胜感激。
I appreciate it.我很感激。
in appreciation of感激;感谢
appreciative laughter/ comments 赞赏的笑声/议论
→典例赏析
(1) It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate what my parents had done for me.
(2) His talents aren't appreciated by his boss, which makes him depressed.
(3)I really appreciate working with someone who does such a good job.
→即时练习
根据句意及提示完成句子。
(1)I would appreciate if you could teach me how to use the computer.
(2) We are very appreciative your efforts.
struggle
n.& vi.斗争;奋斗;搏斗
→核心结构
struggle for …努力争取……
struggle with/ against …和……斗争;抗争
struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来
→典例赏析
(1) It is a real struggle to get up early in the chilly morning.
(2) She's struggling to bring up a family on a low income.
→即时练习
根据句意及提示完成句子。
(1) Her mother has been struggling her illness for many years.
(2) Millions of people are struggling survival.
(3) Dina, (struggle) for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency.
(4) Losing weight was definitely struggle.
equal
★adj.(地位、权利)相同的;(大小、数量、价值)同样的；(能力、勇气)能应付的；能胜任的
→核心结构
equal rights/ opportunity/ value 平等的权利/机会/价值观
→即时练习
根据句意及提示完成句子。
(1) The architecture here (比得上) any in the world.
(2) Bill ( 能胜任) the challenge.
★vt. 等于；比得上；匹敌
→典例赏析
Three times three equals nine.
→即时练习
根据句意及提示完成句子。
No one equals him strength.
★n.同等的人；相等物
equally adv.平等地;同样地
equality n.平等;相等
→即时练习
根据句意及提示完成或翻译句子。
(1) All men are born , so everyone hopes to be treated because is the essential demand.
(2)他们为了获得平等权利已经进行了顽强的斗争。
demand
n.要求;需要 vt.强烈要求;需要 vi.查问
→核心结构
demand to do sth.坚决要求做某事
demand sth. of/ from sb.要求某人某事
demand that sb./ sth. (should) do 要求某人/某事(应该)做
great/ huge demand for sth.对……需求大
in great demand大量需求
meet/ satisfy one's demands 满足某人的需求
→典例赏析
(1) This work demands care and patience.
(2) There's an increased demand for organic produce these days.
(3) He tried to return to work, but found he could no longer cope with his demanding job.
→即时练习
根据句意及提示完成句子。
(1) He demanded to be told everything. = He demanded that he (tell) everything.
(2) The books written by Shakespeare are always great demand.
(3) She sang another song demand.
①relate
vt.联系;讲述
relation n.关系;关联;亲属
→核心结构
relate … to …把……和……联系起来
be related to …和……有联系
relate to sb./ sth.理解某人/某事;感同身受“与……有关；把……联系起来”的相关短
语: have connection with; be in connection with; be related to; have something to do with; be linked with; be associated with
→典例赏析
(1)I don't understand how the two ideas relate.
(2) Much of the crime in this area is related to drug abuse.
(3) Later, he related the whole story to me.
(4)I know he feels upset, and I can relate to that.
→ 即时练习
根据句意及提示完成句子。
(1) The report attempts to relate the rise in crime an increase in unemployment.
(2) He suffers with memory loss (relate) to his disease.
(3) with neighbouring countries are under strain at present.
Part 3 重难点语言现象解读
And why is it that writers write but … hammers don't ham (教材 P61)
【强调句】陈述句的强调结构为“It is (was) +被
强调部分+ that (who) …”。
注意：当被强调的指人时，用 that 或 who均可；当被强调的不是指人时，则只能用 that(注意不用 which)。如:
It was in the office that he was killed.
It is he who/ that broke the window.
It was to you and not anyone else that I lent the money.
一般疑问句的强调结构是将 be 提到句首,即“Is/ Wasit + 被强调部分 + that/ who…”。 如:
Is it Tommy who answered the telephone
Is it from advertising that a newspaper earns a lot of its profits
→即时练习
根据句意及提示完成句子。
(1) (就是简) found your pen in the classroom yesterday
(2) (就是在1939年) the Second World War broke out
(3) (你就是在电影院弄丢的手机吗 )
特殊疑问句的强调结构为“疑问词(Who/ What/ When/ Where/ Why/ How) + is/ was it that … ”。如:
When was it that he got married (他是什么时候结婚的 )
Who was it that won the World Cup in 1982 (谁赢得了1982 年的世界杯 )
Why is it that I always land up cleaning thebath (为什么总是该我来洗刷浴缸 )
→ 即时练习
对画线部分提问。
(1) It was Jane that/ who found your pen in the classroom yesterday. →
found your pen in the classroom yesterday
(2) It was in 1939 that the Second World War broke out.→ the Second World War broke out
(3) It was at the cinema that I lost my cell phone. → you lost your cell phone
Even today, no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak, they can all still communicate in writing. (教材P62)
该句为“no matter +疑问词”引导的让步状语从句。注意“no matter+疑问词”结构与“疑问词+ ever”在用法上的区别。
(1)“no matter +疑问词”结构只能引导让步状语从句，这时可与“疑问词 + ever”互换。如：
No matter where he may be ( = Wherever he may be), he will be happy.
(2)“疑问词+ ever”还可以引导名词性从句。如：
Give this book to whoever likes it.(不能与 no matter who 互换)
(3) whoever引导名词性从句，可在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等; whomever 也可引导名词性从句，但只能在从句中作宾语。
(4) whatever表示“无论什么”,没有一定的范围限制; whichever 表示“无论哪一个;无论哪些”，其后可接一个名词。如：
Eat whichever cake you like.
→ 即时练习
根据句意及提示完成句子。
(1)
(无论此刻发生什么), we shall never lose hope.
(2) (不管你是谁), you must obey the school regulations.
(3) ——— ——(不管你去哪里),I would keep you company.
(4) team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.
(5) Sarah hopes to become a friend of shares her interests.
China is widely known for its ancient civilisation which has continued all the way through into modern times, despite the many ups and downs in its history.(教材P62)
【despite 的用法】
(1) Despite ups and downs, she never takes her fate lying down.
= In spite of ups and downs, she never takes her fate lying down.
(2) Despite/ In spite of the fact that she has gone through ups and downs, she never takes her fate lying down.
即时练习
根据句意及提示完成句子。
Despite (warn) not to go near the river, she sneaked out at night.
【表示“尽管”的其他用法】 though、 although、 while 和 as
(1) While/ Although/ Though she has gone through ups and downs, she never takes her fate lying down.
(2) Tough as/ though life has been on her, she never takes her fate lying down.
(3) Hard as/ though she worked, she failed.
(4) Try as/ though she might, she failed. even though 和 even if
(1) Even though I have many delicate feelings to share, who can I speak to
(2) Even if my tears turn into a stream in May, still it can't carry all my grief away.
By the Shang Dynasty, these symbols had become a well-developed writing system.(教材 P62)
【by+时间的三种时态】
by+过去的时间，主句用过去完成时； by+将来的时间，主句用将来完成时。除此之外，如果 by 后加将来时间，且从句事件发生在主句事件之前，主句动词可用一般时态。
→即时练习
根据句意及提示完成句子。
(1) By the time we arrived, someone (grab) all the good seats.
(2) By the end of next year, I (learn) over 5,000 words.
Part 4 单元语法讲解
定语从句2
一、关系副词引导的定语从句
定语从句中的关系副词有：when， where, why。
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。如：
I' ll never forget the day when we met each other last week.
Beijing is the place where I was born.
This is the reason why he refused our offer.
→即时练习
单项选择。
(1) Is this the factory you visited the other day
A. that B. where
C. in which D. the one
(2) Is this factory some foreign friends visited last Friday
A. that B. where
C. which D. the one
(3) Is this the factory he worked ten years ago
A. that B. where
C. which D. the one
【注意】
某些在从句充当时间、地点或原因状语的介词+关系词结构可以同关系副词 when或 where 互换。
→ 即时练习
1.用介词+关系词结构替换下列黑体字。
(1) This is the house where I lived two years ago. =
(2) Do you remember the day when you joined our club =
(3) The reason why he refused the invitation is quite clear. =
2.单项选择。
(1) They visited the house the great writer was born.
A. from where B. in which
C. which D. in where
(2)I' ll visit the professor tomorrow, he will be back from Shanghai.
A. who B. that
C. when D. which
(3) The city my mother grew up is not far from here.
A. what B. where
C. that D. which
(4) Do you know the man your father nodded
A. whom
B. to whom
C. to who
D. about whom
(5) Wrestling is a sport in people easily get hurt.
A. that B. when
C. which D. what
二、介词+关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。如：
The school (which/ that) he once studied in is very famous. = The school in which he once studied is very famous.
Tomorrow I' ll bring here the magazine (which/ that) you asked for. = Tomorrow I' ll bring here the magazine for which you asked.
This is the boy (whom/ who/ that) I played tennis with yesterday. = This is the boy with whom I played tennis yesterday.
The manager whose company I work in pays much attention to improving our working conditions. = The manager in whose company I work pays much attention to improving our working conditions.
【注意】
1.含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如: look for, look
after, take care of等。
This is the watch (which/ that) I am looking for. (正)
This is the watch for which I am looking.
(误)
The babies (whom/ who/ that) the nurse is looking after are very healthy.(正)
The babies after whom the nurse is looking are very healthy. (误)
2.若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用 whom,不可用 who, that;关系代词指物时只可用 which,不可用 that;关系代词是所有格时用 whose。如：
The man with whom you talked just now is my neighbour. (正)
The man with that/ who you talked just now is my neighbour. (误)
The plane in which we flew to Canada was really comfortable. (正)
The plane in that we flew to Canada was really comfortable. (误)
3. “介词+关系代词”前还可有 some, any, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each, few 等代词或者数词。如:
He loves his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.
In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad.
There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities.
Up to now, he has written ten stories, three of which are about country life.
→即时练习
根据句意及提示完成句子。
(1) For many cities in the world, there is no
room to spread out further, which New York is an example.
(2) Mr Zheng is a patient teacher whom I have the greatest respect and he is popular with the students.
(3) Although modern technology could help produce more crops, these terraces (梯田) still mean a lot to the local people whom traditions hold much value.
(4) If they continue abusing drugs, in the end drug users will find themselves trapped in a prison which they cannot escape.
(5) Many elderly people consider school days as their golden days which they cannot return again.
(6) Companies should understand the risks which they are exposed and monitor their control over environments adequately.
(7)A friend is someone draws out your best qualities, whom you sparkle and become more knowledgeable.
(8) Chimps will check to see if they have the attention of the animal which they wish to communicate.
(9) It's reported that the city needs more land which to build houses.
(10) You can hardly imagine the rate which his car has been running on the freeway.
Part 5 话题拓展词汇与语块
话题词汇
1.文化背景
(经 济 ) economy; capital; commercial; investment; national income; planned economy; business recession; economic growth rate; commercial channels; economic trend/ situation; income tax; interest rate; economic prosperity
(政治) administration; ambassador; army; country; citizen; civil; communism; communist; constitution; elect; vote; embassy; government; nationality; party; politics; president; revolution; state; statesman; spokeswoman; soldier; civil war; break out
(社会) socialism; globalization; immigration; population; public; urban; industry; balance; employment; breakthrough; social development; the working class; the upper class; birth rate; environmentally-friendly society; gap between rich and poor; a new era; social welfare; living standards
(文化) civilization; custom; tradition; religion; literature; masterpiece; fiction; play; comedy; poem; novel; essay; anecdote; biography; the Renaissance; paper cutting; cultural diversity; human civilization; date back to/ date from
2.语言学习
accumulate; define; distinguish; memorise; practice; repeat; improve; master; overcome; pronounce; review; digest; approach; base;
confuse; explanation; expression; grammar; dialogue; assimilation; linguistic; confident; tough; fluent; troublesome; monolingual; bilingual; bear in mind; have a good command/ knowledge of; insist on; learn .., by heart; apply oneself/ one's mind to; concentrate one's mind on
3.语言演变
change; simplify; transform; derive; disappear; expand; renew; arbitrary; various; symbol; loanword; origin; evolution; conversion; compound; borrow language; in danger of/ on the verge of extinction
4.语言特征
modern; explicit; brilliant; gorgeous; standard; specific; complicated; elegant; romantic; profound; popular; widely used; rigorous; systematic; valuable; concise; vivid; ambiguous; attractive; authentic; humourous
5.国际交流与传播
absorb; discard; attend; affiliate; disseminate; propagate; bridge; convention; broad-minded; widespread; dominant; patriotic; delegate; interpreter; cultural exchanges/ interaction; narrow the gap between; different from; confront with; cultural confidence; cultural shock; broaden one's horizon; adapt to; cross-cultural communication; international meeting/ conference; global village
→重要语块
1. adapt oneself to …使自己适应……
2. scope of knowledge知识面
3. narrow the gap between …缩小…的差距
4. lighten the burden of …减轻了…的负担
5.comprehensive knowledge 广博的知识
6. distance education 远程教育
7. enrich the teaching method 丰富教育手段
8. receive education 接受教育
9. multimedia teaching多媒体教学
10. vocational education 职业教育
11. cultural diversity 文化的多元性
12. exchange experience 交流经验
13. undertake obligations 承担责任
14. be easily taken in by sb./ sth.容易受到某人或某事的欺骗
15. exam-oriented education 应试教育
16. education for all-round development 全面发展教育
17. develop our creative mind 培养创造性思维
18. renew knowledge 革新知识
pulsory education 义务教育
20. fake diplomas 假文凭
21. keep skills fresh and up-to-date 技能与时俱进
22. have quick and easy access to ……更快接触到……
23. knowledge-intensive知识密集型的
24. people-oriented 以人为本的
25. widen one's knowledge 拓展知识面
26. enrich one's experience 丰富阅历
27. expand one's view 拓展知识面
28. broaden one's horizons 拓展知识面
29. down-to-earth 切合实际的
30. thought-provoking 引人深思的
31. enlightening 予以人启迪的
32. far-reaching 深远的
33. never-ending永不停息的
34. perplexing令人困惑的
35. overwhelming 压倒一切的
36. insightful 富有洞察力的;有深刻见解的
37. catch a few words 听懂几个词
38. varieties of dialects and characters 各种方言和汉字
Part 6 单元练习
一、单词拼写(根据中文提示或首字母填空)。
1. This book is for (参考) only.
2. The ( 基 础) of a good marriage is trust.
3. Easter eggs (象征) the renewal of life.
4. Heat from the earth's core takes b of years to escape to the surface.
5. He missed the opportunity for (各种各样的) reasons.
6. For him the stage is just a (方式) of making a living.
7. The (乞丐) shivered in the cold winter.
8. I would (感激) it if you could give me some advice.
9. We just can't find good enough second-hand cars to satisfy our (要求).
10. He gave me a detailed (描述) of how he managed to get the information.
11. Both parents and teenagers must try to bridge the generation g between them.
12. Lu Xun made his (人物;角色) live through their language in his stories.
13. The film referred to in his speech is
b on a real historical event.
14. There are calls for (主要的) changes to the system.
15. A (系统) will be built to forecast the weather every several minutes during the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics.
16. Ancient Babylonia is often r to in popular culture as a“lost world”.
17. Television is an effective m of communication.
18. He is a craftsman and good at (雕刻).
19. Physical activity is an important (因素) in maintaining fitness.
20. They are devoted to protecting the tradition of (书法).
二、语法巩固。
1. Self-driving is an area China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.
2. We have entered into an age dreams have the best chance of coming true.
3. Cheating is most likely in situations the vital interests are high and the chances of getting caught are low.
4. Friendship is born at that moment one says to the other, “What, you too I thought I was the only one.”
5. Only humans and chimps had a system, she said, had a system of communication they deliberately sent a message to another group member.
6. He always visits me at intervals there is free time.
7. She is a role model is often praised by the teachers, and
others can learn a lot.
8. A series of policies has been adopted so far benefits the poverty-stricken people will enjoy.
9. Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes people were eaten by the tiger.
10. She remembered several occasions in the past she had experienced a similar feeling.
11. The reason, believe it or not, he was late was really true.
12. Everyone has periods in their lives everything seems very hard.
13. Gone are the days we were short of food and clothing.
14. These old pictures bring to their mind the college days they spent together, life was hard but happy.
15. The repair work of Angkor Wat people supposed would last at least ten years was completed within eight years.
三、完成句子(一空一词)。
1.偶尔在家工作可以增加工作的多样性。
Occasionally working from home a job.
2.餐馆种类繁多，从街边的热狗摊或面条摊到拥有最好烹饪技术的精致餐馆。
There are many kinds of restaurants st reet stands for a hot dog or a bowl of noodles elaborate restaurants with the best cooking.
3.追溯到秦朝，这本诗集有很高的研究价值。
the Qin Dynasty, this collection of poems is of great research value.
4.不管结果如何，那都将是一场恶战。
, it's going to be one hell of a fight.
5.书面汉语也成为中国现在与过去联系的重要手段。
Written Chinese has also become an important means China's present is connected with its past.
6.随着中国在全球事务中扮演越来越重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始通过这神奇的语言来欣赏中国文化和历史。
As China plays a greater role in global affairs, of international students are beginning to appreciate China's culture and history through this amazing language.
7.依我看，这次聚会非常圆满。
From my , the party was a complete success.
8.一个人的成功与他自己的选择直接相关。
Success of a man is directly the choice made by himself.
9.能见到我最喜欢的作者本人的欣喜之情简直无法言喻。
The thrill of meeting my favourite writer in person is .
10.我们不能根据传言作决定。
We can't make a decision rumors.
11.正是历经生活中所有的起伏才使我们变得更强大
It's emerging from all the in life that makes us
stronger.
12.为满足对新轿车需求的增加，工人们正全力以赴地工作。
Workers are working around the clock to meet the rise for new cars.
13.在西方文化中，白色一向象征纯洁。
White has always been in Western cultures.
14.在这块贫瘠的土地上耕种是与大自然做斗争。
Farming on this bad land is nature.
15.尽管我们都很担心，结果一切都顺利。
, everything turned out well.
四、单元话题写作。
假设你是某国际中学的李华，你校将选举一位“推广汉语言文化”活动的负责人，你欲参选。请按以下提示写一篇竞选演讲稿，内容包括：
1.自我介绍(性格、爱好和自身优势)；
2.当选之后的举措(至少列举两点)。
注意:1.词数100左右;
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【审题】
1.写作类型：竞选演讲稿
2.写作对象：学校同学
3.态度语气：自信、大方、有感染力
4.时态：一般现在时
【篇章布局】
第一段：直入正题，表明写作目的→竞选活动负责人。
第二段：介绍自身情况(突出优势，匹配岗位，让人信服)。
第三段：当选之后的举措(具体，可操
作)。
第四段：精炼结尾，鼓励大家选择自己。
→范文赏析+填空
Good afternoon, everyone!
Thank you for giving me this opportunity. Now allow me to introduce myself. I'm Li Hua, ( 竞 选 ) the post of promoting our Chinese culture. I'm easy-going and warm-hearted, serves as a plus for me to make new friends. (精力充沛的) and responsible,I' ll put all my heart and soul into the activity. Besides, reading is the (来源) of my joy and knowledge, and I have an excellent ( 掌 握 ) of knowledge with respect to this field.
If I lucky enough to be chosen, I would spare no effort to live up to your expectations. More colourful activities, (旨在) introducing Chinese culture, will be organised, which will (确切地,肯定地) make you more aware of Chinese culture and enrich your school life. Furthermore, a club, where my fellow students can be (接触) to Chinese cultures, will be set up, thus providing (途径) to students who are interested in Chinese.
Thanks for your attention!
Good afternoon, everyone!
Thanks for your attention!
Unit 5 Languages Around the World
Part 1 词性转换
1. refer, referring, referred; 2. systematic, systematically; 3. based, basic, basis;
4. bony; 5. symbolic, symbolize;6. carving;7. various, varied, vary;
8. majority, minority; 9. regarding; 10. globally, globe; 11. appreciation, appreciative;
12. specifically; 13. equally, equality, inequality; 14. demanding;
15. describe, descriptive; 16. relation, related; relative
Part 2 核心词汇表达讲解
1. refer:1) referred; 2) reference; 3) as
2. base:1) is based in; 2) is based on; 3) Based; 4) Basing
3. symbol:1) sign; 2) signal; 3) signal; 4) symbol; 5) marks; 6) signal; 7) mark
4. variety: 1)a variety of/ varieties of; 2) variety; 3) varying; to; 4) various
5. means: 1) by means of; 2) by all means; 3) By no means
【即时练习】1) method; approach; 2) means; 3) way; 4) method
6. regard:1) as; 2) regarding; 3) regards
7. appreciate:1) it; 2) of
8. struggle:1) against; 2) for; 3) having struggled; 4)a
9. equal: 【adj.】1) is equal to; 2) is equal to;【v.】 in; [即时练习]1) equal; equally ; equality; 2) They had fought hard for equal rights.
10. demand: 1)(should) be told; 2) in; 3) on
11. relate:1) to; 2) related; 3) Relations
Part 3 重难点语言现象解读
1.[即时练习]1) Was it Jane that/ who;2) Was it in 1939 that;
3) Was it in the cinema that you lost your cell phone
[即时练习]1) Who was it that; 2) When was it that; 3) Where was it that
2.[即时练习]1) Whatever/ No matter what happens now;
2) Whoever/ No matter who you are;
3) Wherever/ No matter where you go; 4) Whichever; 5) whoever
3.[即时练习] having been warned
4.[即时练习]1) had grabbed; 2) will have learnt
Part 4 单元语法讲解
一、 [即时练习](1) - (3) ADB; 1.(1) in which; (2) on which; (3) for which;2.(1)-(5) BCBBC
二、(1) of (2) for (3) for (4) from (5) to
(6) to (7) who, with (8) with (9) on (10) at
Part 6 单元练习
一、单词拼写
1. reference; 2. basis; 3. symbolize/ symbolize; 4. billions; 5. various; 6. means;7. beggar; 8. appreciate; 9. demands; 10. description; 11. gap; 12. characters; 13. based;14. major; 15. system; 16. referred; 17. means; 18. carving; 19. factor; 20. calligraphy二、语法巩固
1. where; 2. when; 3. where; 4. when; 5. where; 6. when; 7. who, from whom;8. whose; 9. where; 10. when; 11. why; 12. when; 13. when; 14. that/ which; when;15. which
三、完成句子
1. adds variety to; 2. varying from; to; 3. Dating back to; 4. Whatever the outcome;
5. by which; 6. an increasing number; 7. point of view; 8. related to; 9. beyond description;
10. based on; 11. ups and downs; 12. in demand; 13. a symbol of purity;
14. a struggle against; 15. Despite our worries
四、单元话题写作
running for which Energetic source command
were aimed at definitely exposed access