人教版（2019）必修第一册 Unit5 Language around the world discoveringUseful Structure定语从句课件(共27张PPT)

(共27张PPT)
定语从句
Attributive Clause
Unit4 Discovering useful structures
review
关系代词
定语: 修饰名词或代词的成分，用来说明名词或代词的品质与特征。
1.可充当定语的主要有形容词，名词，介词短语，非谓语，句子；常译为“……的”
2.在所修饰词之前的定语为前置定语，在所修饰词之后的定语为后置定语。
3. 单个的词作定语时要放于被修饰词的前面，短语或从句作定语时要放于被修饰词的后面。
定语从句:修饰某一名词或代词的从句，其作用相当于形容词。
先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。
关系词：引导定语从句的词。（引导词）
关系词的作用：
1. 连接主从句 2. 指代先行词 3. 在从句中充当成分
复合句=主句+定语从句（关系词+从句）
定语从句的关系词
关系
代词
关系
副词
指人
指物
who（主语、宾语）
whom（宾语）
that（主语、宾语）
whose（定语）
which（主语、宾语）that（主语、宾语）
whose（定语）
where（地点状语）
when（时间状语）
why（原因状语）
关系副词
where 先行词为表示地点的词，
where在从句中作状语
This is the library ________I read all kinds of books.
This is the library ________I visited last week.
where
关系副词where还可表示“抽象地点”。
常见的先行词有point，position，situation，stage，case，
condition, atmosphere等。
which/that
主+谓+宾（句子完整）
主+谓（句子不完整，缺宾语）
where 可以转化成“__________________________”结构。
介词(on/in/at...)＋which
when 先行词为表示时间的词，
when在从句中作状语
I still remember the time ______ I stayed there.
I still remember the time______ we spent together.
when
which/that
主+谓（谓语是不及物动词，不需宾语）
主+谓（time可做spend的宾语，缺宾语
when 可以转化成“___________________________”结构。
介词(during/in/at...)＋which
why先行词为表示原因的词，
why在从句中作状语
This is the reason_____she was late.
This is the reason _____ she explained to us.
主+谓（缺宾语）
that/which
主系表（句子完整）
why
why 可以转化成“________________”结构。
for＋which
1. I will never forget the days ___________ we spent together.
I will never forget the days _______ we stayed together.
2. The reason_________ he explained at the meeting was not sound.
The reason _______ he was late was that he missed his bus.
3. Keep the book in place_______ you can find it easily.
This is the house __________ was built by my grandfather forty
years ago.
that/which
when
that/which
why
where
that/which
对比填空：that 、which、when、where、why
1．We visited the house ________ the famous scientist once lived.
2．The photo reminded me of the days ________ I played hide－
and－seek with my brother and I stayed for six years.
3．It was a period ________ they had discussion very frequently.
4．The problem has come to a point ________ everyone has
different opinions and it is difficult to reach an agreement.
5．One of the reasons ______ he was refused in the interview was
that his spoken English was terrible.
6．I'll never forget the time _____________ we spent together in
the volunteer organization.
7．I'll never forget the day ________ I joined the robot club.
where
when
when
where
单句语法填空
why
that/which
when
介词+which/whom, 介词如何选择
介词选择的三个原则
“一先”，即根据先行词的习惯搭配或意义来确定介词。
“二动”，即根据定语从句中的谓语动词的习惯搭配来确定介词。
“三意义”，即根据定语从句所表达的意义来确定介词。
“介词 + 关系代词”引导的定语从句
1.关系代词的确定
当先行词是人时，用介词 + whom 引导定语从句：
Do you know the girl with ________ our teacher is talking
当先行词是物时，用介词 + which引导定语从句：
This is the room in ___________ my grandmother used to live.
当关系词在从句中作定语时，用介词+whose引导定语从句：
He is the very man in _________ pocket I found my lost money.
whom
which
whose
1. I should make an apology to the man at ________I yelled this morning.
2. The film about ________we talked will be screened on December 4th.
3. I wish to thank Professor Smith, without ________help I would never have got this far.
whom
which
whose
2. 介词的确定
“介词 + 关系代词”引导的定语从句
② 根据谓语动词或形容词的搭配习惯
Do you like the book _______ _______ she spent $10
2) Do you like the book _______ _______ she paid $10
3) The West Lake, _______ _______ Hangzhou is famous, is a beautiful place.
on which
for which
for which
③ 根据句子的意思来确定
Air, ________ ________ man can’t live, is really important.
2) This is the man _____ ______ my brother has worked for ten
years.
without which
with whom
用介词 ＋ 关系代词填空。
1. Who is the person _______ _______ you just shook hands
2. China is a powerful country_______ _______ we are proud.
3. This is the tree _______ _______ we used to play games.
4. This is my glasses, _______ _______ I can’t see clearly.
with whom
without which
under which
of which
即学即练
用介词 ＋ 关系代词填空。
5. Do you remember the day _______ _______ you joined our club
6. I recognized the boss ____ ______ company my sister was working.
7. Is this the farm ____ ______ Tom worked for ten years
8. Oxygen is a kind of gas ________ ________humans can’t live.
on which
即学即练
in whose
on which
without which
3. 名/代/数词/形容词最高级 + 介词 + 关系词
“介词 + 关系代词”引导的定语从句
1. I bought a dozen of eggs, six of broke .
2. I bought a dozen of eggs, six of broke
3. I bought a dozen of eggs, but six of broke
which
them
整体中的部分
所属关系
them
√
√
×
？
1、3都有连词。
2没有连词不是从句
3. 名/代/数词/形容词最高级 + 介词 + 关系词
“介词 + 关系代词”引导的定语从句
1. I bought a dozen of eggs, six of broke when I dropped the box.
2. He went with a group of people, few of were correctly equipped for such a climbing.
3. You’ve made many mistakes, most of were due to your carelessness.
which
whom
which
整体中的部分
所属关系
3. 名/代/数词/形容词最高级 + 介词 + 关系词
“介词 + 关系代词”引导的定语从句
4. The school, most of students are from Qingyuan, has produced many excellent students.
5. There are 50 students in our class, the tallest of ________is Tom.
6. This is a cozy house, the windows of _________face south.
whose
whom
which
整体中的部分
所属关系
用介词 ＋ 关系代词填空。
1. Who is the person _______ _______ you just shook hands
2. China is a powerful country, _______ _______ we are proud.
3. This is the tree _______ _______ we used to play games.
4. This is my glasses, _______ _______ I can’t see clearly.
5. Do you remember the day _______ _______ you joined our club
with whom
without which
under which
of which
on which
The patient whom she is looking after is her father.
并非所有介词都可以放到关系代词前
有些“动词+介词”被视为一个固定的词组, 不可分割, 这时不能把介词置于关系代词前, 如：look for, look after, pay attention to, take care of , look forward to, go through等。
The patient after whom she is looking is her father.
×
特别提示：
关系代词 VS. 关系副词
判断依据：先行词在从句中作什么成分
① 从句缺少主、宾、定
关系代词
关系副词
② 从句缺状语
方法：分析从句句子成分
谢谢！