中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
题型过关第3讲 阅读理解
阅读理解
一、主旨大意题
定义:要求在理解全文的基础上对全文进行高度概括或总结。
题干:Main idea, topic,title,purpose, aim, means to
解题思路
1、寻找主题句，从而抓住全段中心思想，常见位置是段首句或第二句，但也可能在
段尾或段中。
2、概括全文，寻找文章中心思想。各段落中心句的整理归纳便是文章的中心思想。
3、把握文章的体裁，分清文体，确定思维方向。
4、体会作者的写作意图和所要表达的思想感情，辨清褒贬态度。
干扰项可能是文中某个具体事实或细节;可能是从文中某些(不完全的)事实或细节片面推出的
错误结论;可能属非文章事实的主观臆断。
常见题型
1.主题型
What's the main idea of this passage (这篇文章的主要思想是什么 )
What does this passage mainly discuss (这篇文章主要讨论了什么 )
What's the topic of this passage (这篇文章的主题是什么 )
2.标题型
What's the best title (最佳的标题是什么 )
The best title for this text is (to tell ).(这段文字的最佳标题是___)The main purpose of this text is_(这段文字的主要目的是 )
3.目的型
The author's purpose of writing this text is to(作者写这段文字的主要目的是 )
What's the main purpose of the passage (这篇文章的主要目的是 )
二、细节理解题
做这种题目要注意注意提干中的标识语，带着问题有目的地寻找某一特定信息。题干中
的标识语就是寻找答案的"路标词"，如人物/时间/地点等。
解题思路
1、忠实于原文上下文及全篇的逻辑关系，决不能主观臆断。
2、文章中心是论点，事实细节是论据或主要理由;
3、有关细节的问题常对文中某个词语、某句子、某段落等细节及事实进行提问，所提问题一般可直接或间接在文章中找到答案。
4、带着问题寻找答案，把注意力集中在与who，what when where问题有关的细节上。
干扰项
1、范围过大、过小;
2、偷换概念;
3、正误并存，某个分句是正确的。
常见题型
1、Which of the following statements is true (下列哪个陈述是正确的 )
2、Which of the following is not mentioned in the text (文中没有提到下列哪一项 )
3、The author(or the passage)states that__.(作者(文章)指出__)
4、According to the passage, when(where, why,how, who, whatwhichetc.)_ (根据文章，什么时候(哪里，为什么，如何，谁，什么，哪个等等))
三、推理判断题
重点题型，通常占总题目的30%左右。着重考查学生归纳概括、逻辑推理等综合能力。
以原文内容为前提，要求你在理解文章直接陈述的观点或描述的事实的基础上，据作者
的观点理论(非考生观点)，理解作者的言外之意(implied meaning)。
透过现象看本质，领悟作者思想倾向、观点、立场、语气及态度等。
题干: infer, imply,suggest conclude
常见题型
1、The passage implies(暗示)that__.(文章暗示了_)
2、We can conclude(得出结论)from the passage that_.(我们能从文章中得出的结论是__)
3、Which of the following can be inferred(推论) (可以得出哪个推论 )
4、What is the tone(语气)/attitude(态度)of the author (作者的语气/态度是什么 )
5、What is the purpose(目的)of this passage (这篇文章的目的是什么 )
6、The passage is intended to______.(文章的目的是)
7.Where would this passage most probably appear (这段文字最可能出现在什么地方 )
态度
正面态度:positive肯定;optimistic乐观;supportive支持;approval赞同;appreciative欣
赏;sympathy同情;favorable赞同
负面态度:critical批判;negative否定;disapproval/opposed反对;doubtful/suspicious/
skeptical怀疑
中立/客观态度:objective客观;neutral中立;impartial公正;indifferent/unconcerned冷漠
四、词义猜测题
词义理解是阅读理解能力的重要指标。无论一个人的词汇量有多大，都会在阅读中碰到生词。对词义的理解往往会影响到对全文的准确把握。
阅读过程中，对于不妨碍全文理解和出现频率较低的生词，跳过即可。
解题思路
1、根据上下文判断;
2、通过对比关系。如hot and cold give and receive等，或前句为肯定，后句为否定。总之，词与词间都起着互为线索的作用。
3、通过因果关系。
4、通过同类关系，比如such as,like, for example/instance。常在词或短语之间有并列连词and或or它们连接的两项内容在含义上是接近的或递进的，由此可以推测。
5、通过常识判断。
6、通过逻辑关系推断
（23-24九年级上·湖北武汉·期末）Scientists who study happiness have evidence (证据) to show that being kind to others can result in happiness. Acts as simple as buying a cup of coffee for someone can lift a person’s mood (情绪), for example. Everyday life is full of chances for such actions, yet people do not always make the most use of them.
In studies, behavioral scientist Nicholas Epley and I examined a possible explanation: people who do kind acts underestimate (低估) how much the ones receiving kindness value their behavior.
In the experiments, about 1,000 people were asked to do some actions to make someone else feel good. We asked both the person performing the kind act and the one receiving it to answer some questions. The performers were asked to report their own experience and to guess how the receivers might feel. We wanted to understand how valuable people considered these acts to be, so both the performer and receiver had to rate (评分) how “big” the act seemed. In all cases, we compared the performer’s expectations of the receiver’s mood with the receiver’s actual experience.
For one, both performers and receivers experienced more positive moods. For another, the receivers felt much better than the kind performers expected. The receivers also rated these acts as “bigger” than the people performing them did.
At first, we studied acts of the kindness done for familiar people, such as friends, classmates or family. But we found that performers underestimated their positive influences on strangers as well. In one experiment, performers in a public park gave away hot chocolate on a cold winter’s day to people that just happened to be nearby. Again, the kind act brought more happiness than the performers expected.
These findings suggest that what might seem small could matter a great deal to the person we do it for. Considering these warm actions can improve our own mood and brighten the day of another person, why not choose kindness when we can
1．In the experiments, the performers did the following things EXCEPT that _________.
A．they reported their own experience
B．they guessed the receivers’ feelings
C．they rated how valuable their acts of kindness were
D．they compared the receivers’ expectations with their actual results
2．The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 1 refers to _________.
A．simple acts of kindness
B．chances for being kind
C．scientists who study happiness
D．possible explanations for kind acts
3．What is Paragraph 5 mainly about _________
A．Different purposes of the research.
B．Another explanation of the research methods.
C．Possible influences of the research findings.
D．More evidence for the research results.
4．The studies and experiments show that _________.
A．kindness can have far more positive influences than expected
B．performing kindness produces as much happiness as expected
C．receiving kindness is more difficult than expected
D．performing kindness is more important than receiving it
5．The passage is probably written to _________.
A．introduce a successful study
B．encourage people to show kindness to others
C．call on people to be a receiver rather than a performer
D．enable more people to enjoy the kindness
（23-24九年级上·河南三门峡·期末）As we know, history is an important part of human civilization (文明), and it helps us understand the past and shape (塑造) the future. However, it is not easy for us to experience the past. With the development of modern technology, digital technology has been used to change the way we look at history. It can bring the past to life in a new way.
Firstly, digital technology allows people to take virtual (虚拟的) tours of historical sites (历史遗迹). This means that people can now experience what it was like to live in old times without actually being there. This is an exciting way for students to learn about history and different cultures rather than just reading textbooks or sitting in the classroom.
Secondly, digital technology has helped to better protect historical artworks and documents (文献). Museums can store important documents and artworks in digital forms. This makes it easier to share them with people all around the world. What’s more, digital technology can help fix and repair historical artworks that would be lost over time.
Thirdly, digital technology can help historians do research. With useful modern tools, historians can quickly study historical materials and come up with new findings. This has opened up new areas of historical research, which may lead to new discoveries in the future.
All in all, digital technology has changed the way we learn about and understand history. As we continue to develop and improve our technology, we can expect to see even more exciting developments in the field of history.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
6．How does digital technology bring the past to life in a new way
① It helps historians do research.
② It provides virtual tours for people.
③ It provides a new way to make history.
④ It helps protect historical artworks and documents .
A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④
7．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A．New discoveries. B．Different cultures.
C．The past and the future. D．Important documents and artworks.
8．What’s the structure of the passage (① = Paragraph 1, ② = Paragraph 2, ...)
A． B． C． D．
9．How does the writer feel about the future influence (影响) of digital technology on history
A．Hopeful. B．Worried. C．Surprised. D．Proud.
10．What ’s the passage mainly about
A．The importance of history.
B．The future of digital technology.
C．How digital technology is important in shaping history.
D．How digital technology is helpful for us to learn about history.
（23-24九年级上·福建莆田·期末）Climate change brings dangers to people, then what another problem are we facing now It’s underground climate change. With the development of cities, the rising underground temperature is causing the ground to heat up and deform (变形).
In the last three years, scientists had put more than 150 temperature sensors (感应器) under some big cities. The places include subway tunnels, underground parking lots and basements (地下室) of buildings. The temperatures they recorded were surprising. For example, air temperatures in underground structures (结构) can be up to 25℃ higher than the undisturbed ground temperature. After collecting data, scientists created computer models to see how temperatures will influence the ground until 2051.
When heated, some soft materials may become smaller, and other materials, such as stones, may become bigger. The models showed that warmer temperatures can cause the ground to rise upward by as much as 1.2 centimeters, or sink downward by as much as 0.8 centimeters. This may even cause the ground to crack (开裂), leaving people who live and work above in dangerous situations.
As scientists have already known a lot about underground climate change, future plans for cities should take it into consideration. Materials that take in heat can be used to keep the heat from entering the ground. They also pointed out that the rising temperature could be seen as an opportunity. City planners can try to collect heat underground and send it above for heating.
11．The writer starts his topic by _________.
A．listing numbers B．offering advice
C．asking a question D．giving an example
12．Where did scientists put temperature sensors
A．Basements. B．Forests.
C．Desserts. D．Oceans.
13．Underground climate change may cause _________.
A．more earthquakes
B．changes in the ground
C．some soft materials become bigger
D．the ground rise upward by 0.8 cm
14．What did the scientists suggest in the last paragraph
A．We should build nice house.
B．We should use take-in heat materials.
C．We should collect heat on the ground.
D．We should create more computer models.
15．What can be the best title for the text
A．Development of Cities B．Underground Structures
C．Future Opportunities D．Underground Climate Change
（23-24九年级上·河南郑州·期末）
This walkthrough (攻略) will help you start your own clothing brand online in 2024. ● Why Start an Online Clothing Business There are several reasons why starting an online clothing business is a good idea: √Low startup costs. √Global reach. √Easy to manage and scale (扩大规模) . ● Guide: How to Start a Clothing Line in 10 Steps Check out our guide with the ten most important steps you need to take. CLICK FOR MORE! 1. Understand Your Market 2. Write a Business Plan 3. Choose a Business Name 4. Get a Business License 5. Create a Special Design 6. Find a Clothing Manufacturer (生产商) 7. Check the Quality of Your Product 8. Choose a Sales Way 9. Price Your Products Right 10. Begin Marketing and Selling ●Clothing Items: What to Pick for Your Fashion Brand
16．In Zane Bratuskina’s opinion, what is NOT the reason to start an online clothing business
A．The Business is easy to manage. B．The startup cost is at a low price.
C．It’s the best way to earn good money. D．Clothing can be sold all over the world.
17．How many steps are listed for starting a clothing line
A．Three. B．Ten. C．Thirteen. D．Sixteen.
18．What needs to be done before selling online clothing
A．To design an ad. B．To choose a model.
C．To write a comment. D．To check the quality.
19．Who will be most likely to make a comment for the walkthrough
A．Someone who wants to start an online business. B．Someone who takes a drawing course online.
C．Someone who tests online product quality. D．Someone who writes online pop songs.
20．In which part of the website can the text be seen
A．Keeping Healthy. B．Doing Sports.
C．Running business. D．Wearing Clothes.
（23-24九年级上·山西临汾·期末）Do you bury (埋藏) yourself in usual homework during your holidays Well, that’s not the case for all. More teenagers get unusual homework. Let them show their special homework!
21．How did Liu Jun feel when he heard his unusual homework
A．Excited. B．Shocked. C．Sad.
22．How did Yuan Mei tell different vegetables
A．By looking at their leaves.
B．By asking her mother for help.
C．By recording them with cameras.
23．What did Cao Rui learn from her mother
A． B． C．
24．What do we know about Zhou Run
A．He thought PE is the easiest lesson.
B．He failed to finish the PE task.
C．His football skills have improved a lot.
25．What’s the purpose of the passage
A．To tell us ways to finish our usual homework.
B．To encourage us to try different kinds of homework.
C．To introduce us several kinds of unusual homework.
（23-24九年级上·四川遂宁·期末）阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项，并填在答题卡上相应位置。
Different students learn in different ways, and it’s important to find a way that works best for you. Here are some things that you can try to help you study better.
Make a proper plan.
Decide when, where and how long you are going to study. If you plan your study every time, then it will be easier to achieve your goals (目标).
Test yourself on what you have learned.
After you read something, you should test yourself on it. Try to test yourself days and weeks after you first learn something. You can also work with a partner to test each other.
Take a break.
Research has shown that taking breaks can help you work or study better. A study by the company DeskTime found that the most productive (富有成效) people work for about 52 minutes at a time, and then take a 17-minute break in between. So when you make your study plan, don’t forget to include breaks.
Keep healthy.
Getting exercise and sleeping well can actually help you study. Research has found that regular exercise can improve both memory and thinking skills, while sleeping helps the brain save new information.
26．What will make it easier for students to achieve their goals
A．Making a plan every time. B．Getting enough sleep every day.
C．Finding a partner to work with. D．Improving their memory.
27．What can we learn from the study by DeskTime
A．It is important to know what to do during a break.
B．Sometimes it’s necessary to make a work plan.
C．People should take breaks if they want to work better.
D．Students should take a break of more than 30 minutes each time.
28．What does the underlined word “regular” in the last paragraph mean in Chinese
A．超量的 B．复杂的 C．定期的 D．简单的
29．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text
A．It is enough to make a weekly plan for studying.
B．Exercise helps the brain save new information.
C．The longer you learn, the better you will study.
D．Test is very helpful for our learning.
30．What’s the best title for the text
A．Keeping Healthy Is Good for Learning Well
B．The Important Skills for Learning
C．It Is Important to Test Yourself on What you Have Learned
D．The Proper Plans to Learn Well
（23-24九年级上·江西宜春·期末）Taking trips to places with fewer people and beautiful natural scenery has become a trend in China since the COVID-19 pandemic. In other words, rural (乡村的) tourism is gaining popularity among Chinese tourists. Besides the influence of the pandemic, there must be some other reasons. Here are some of them.
Wang Shang works for a Beijing-based company that helps organize countryside tours. She believes that experiencing a different lifestyle is an important reason why citizens travel to rural areas. Most of the visitors from cities are used to buying food in supermarkets. But in rural areas, they can easily get them on farms. They are used to watching high buildings and busy traffic. But in rural areas, they can enjoy more peaceful and clean rivers or mountains.
Tourists’ expectations for rural tourism are not limited to enjoying natural scenery and experiencing the countryside life. Cao Yiqin, a 26-year-old tourist, told us that rural trips help her not only “enjoy the natural beauty” but also “reduce stress by escaping the busy city life and getting closer to nature”.
Apart from the above reasons, the government encourages cultural companies and their employees to go to the countryside to help with local business. They have brought some great changes to the rural areas, including the renovation (翻新) of the buildings, the spread of rural culture, the processing of agricultural products, etc.
The trend has also been pushed by some Chinese Internet stars. An Internet star has posted many videos of traditional Chinese rural life on the Internet and attracted a large number of viewers.
31．Which of the following is NOT the advantage of traveling to the countryside according to the passage
A．It helps people reduce stress. B．People can get closer to nature.
C．People can get food on farms easily. D．People can enjoy farmers’ busy life.
32．What is the main idea of Paragraph 2
A．People are tired of city life.
B．Rural life is better than city life.
C．People want to experience a different life.
D．Food on farms is healthier than that in supermarkets.
33．What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 4 refer to
A．The visitors from cities. B．The government offices.
C．The people living in the countryside. D．The cultural companies and employees.
34．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage
A． B． C． D．
35．What would be the best title for the passage
A．Tourists travel in the countryside B．Rural tourism becomes more popular
C．Chinese people escape from the city life D．The government encourages rural tourism
（23-24九年级上·福建宁德·期末）Learning history can help us better understand the present and make us wiser (智慧的). If you have trouble in matching the story with its time, maybe you can memorize (记忆) them by making a timeline. Here are some tips to help you make a timeline.
Firstly, make a list of important dates. Pull key dates from your reading materials and class notes. Make sure they are in chronological (按发生时间顺序排列的) order.
Secondly, organize your timeline. Draw a line from one side of your page to the other. Next, begin listing your dates from the oldest to the latest. Then, draw a box under each date, and fill it with the key information. Make sure it includes information about important people, events and places.
Thirdly, keep going in time. Continue filling in your dates in your timeline along with details of what happened and why it is important. Make the connections among events, people and places by drawing arrows (箭头). Use different colors to make the timeline look memorable. This can also help you quickly find important names, themes or other key terms that appear in your timeline more than once.
Fourthly, test yourself. Once you have finished your timeline, put it away and try to recreate it from your memory. This will tell you what you really know. If you don’t get everything right for the first time, go back to brush up on the parts that you missed. Once you recreate everything from the beginning, you will know that you have your history information memorized.
36．Why does the writer think the timeline is more useful
A．Because it trains readers to make them wiser.
B．Because it makes readers understand the present.
C．Because it helps to memorize information effectively.
D．Because it connects the story to its time more closely.
37．According to Paragraph 3, we can draw a timeline like Picture ________.
A． B． C． D．
38．What makes the timeline easier to memorize in Paragraph 4
A．Drawing arrows. B．Making notes.
C．Using different colors. D．Filling in the dates.
39．The underlined phrase “brush up on” means “________”.
A．avoid B．review C．create D．discover
40．The writing purpose of the text is to ________.
A．show the importance of history to readers
B．encourage us to learn more about history
C．discuss the advantages of learning history
D．give some advice on how to learn history well
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
题型过关第3讲 阅读理解
阅读理解
一、主旨大意题
定义:要求在理解全文的基础上对全文进行高度概括或总结。
题干:Main idea, topic,title,purpose, aim, means to
解题思路
1、寻找主题句，从而抓住全段中心思想，常见位置是段首句或第二句，但也可能在
段尾或段中。
2、概括全文，寻找文章中心思想。各段落中心句的整理归纳便是文章的中心思想。
3、把握文章的体裁，分清文体，确定思维方向。
4、体会作者的写作意图和所要表达的思想感情，辨清褒贬态度。
干扰项可能是文中某个具体事实或细节;可能是从文中某些(不完全的)事实或细节片面推出的
错误结论;可能属非文章事实的主观臆断。
常见题型
1.主题型
What's the main idea of this passage (这篇文章的主要思想是什么 )
What does this passage mainly discuss (这篇文章主要讨论了什么 )
What's the topic of this passage (这篇文章的主题是什么 )
2.标题型
What's the best title (最佳的标题是什么 )
The best title for this text is (to tell ).(这段文字的最佳标题是___)The main purpose of this text is_(这段文字的主要目的是 )
3.目的型
The author's purpose of writing this text is to(作者写这段文字的主要目的是 )
What's the main purpose of the passage (这篇文章的主要目的是 )
二、细节理解题
做这种题目要注意注意提干中的标识语，带着问题有目的地寻找某一特定信息。题干中
的标识语就是寻找答案的"路标词"，如人物/时间/地点等。
解题思路
1、忠实于原文上下文及全篇的逻辑关系，决不能主观臆断。
2、文章中心是论点，事实细节是论据或主要理由;
3、有关细节的问题常对文中某个词语、某句子、某段落等细节及事实进行提问，所提问题一般可直接或间接在文章中找到答案。
4、带着问题寻找答案，把注意力集中在与who，what when where问题有关的细节上。
干扰项
1、范围过大、过小;
2、偷换概念;
3、正误并存，某个分句是正确的。
常见题型
1、Which of the following statements is true (下列哪个陈述是正确的 )
2、Which of the following is not mentioned in the text (文中没有提到下列哪一项 )
3、The author(or the passage)states that__.(作者(文章)指出__)
4、According to the passage, when(where, why,how, who, whatwhichetc.)_ (根据文章，什么时候(哪里，为什么，如何，谁，什么，哪个等等))
三、推理判断题
重点题型，通常占总题目的30%左右。着重考查学生归纳概括、逻辑推理等综合能力。
以原文内容为前提，要求你在理解文章直接陈述的观点或描述的事实的基础上，据作者
的观点理论(非考生观点)，理解作者的言外之意(implied meaning)。
透过现象看本质，领悟作者思想倾向、观点、立场、语气及态度等。
题干: infer, imply,suggest conclude
常见题型
1、The passage implies(暗示)that__.(文章暗示了_)
2、We can conclude(得出结论)from the passage that_.(我们能从文章中得出的结论是__)
3、Which of the following can be inferred(推论) (可以得出哪个推论 )
4、What is the tone(语气)/attitude(态度)of the author (作者的语气/态度是什么 )
5、What is the purpose(目的)of this passage (这篇文章的目的是什么 )
6、The passage is intended to______.(文章的目的是)
7.Where would this passage most probably appear (这段文字最可能出现在什么地方 )
态度
正面态度:positive肯定;optimistic乐观;supportive支持;approval赞同;appreciative欣
赏;sympathy同情;favorable赞同
负面态度:critical批判;negative否定;disapproval/opposed反对;doubtful/suspicious/
skeptical怀疑
中立/客观态度:objective客观;neutral中立;impartial公正;indifferent/unconcerned冷漠
四、词义猜测题
词义理解是阅读理解能力的重要指标。无论一个人的词汇量有多大，都会在阅读中碰到生词。对词义的理解往往会影响到对全文的准确把握。
阅读过程中，对于不妨碍全文理解和出现频率较低的生词，跳过即可。
解题思路
1、根据上下文判断;
2、通过对比关系。如hot and cold give and receive等，或前句为肯定，后句为否定。总之，词与词间都起着互为线索的作用。
3、通过因果关系。
4、通过同类关系，比如such as,like, for example/instance。常在词或短语之间有并列连词and或or它们连接的两项内容在含义上是接近的或递进的，由此可以推测。
5、通过常识判断。
6、通过逻辑关系推断
（23-24九年级上·湖北武汉·期末）Scientists who study happiness have evidence (证据) to show that being kind to others can result in happiness. Acts as simple as buying a cup of coffee for someone can lift a person’s mood (情绪), for example. Everyday life is full of chances for such actions, yet people do not always make the most use of them.
In studies, behavioral scientist Nicholas Epley and I examined a possible explanation: people who do kind acts underestimate (低估) how much the ones receiving kindness value their behavior.
In the experiments, about 1,000 people were asked to do some actions to make someone else feel good. We asked both the person performing the kind act and the one receiving it to answer some questions. The performers were asked to report their own experience and to guess how the receivers might feel. We wanted to understand how valuable people considered these acts to be, so both the performer and receiver had to rate (评分) how “big” the act seemed. In all cases, we compared the performer’s expectations of the receiver’s mood with the receiver’s actual experience.
For one, both performers and receivers experienced more positive moods. For another, the receivers felt much better than the kind performers expected. The receivers also rated these acts as “bigger” than the people performing them did.
At first, we studied acts of the kindness done for familiar people, such as friends, classmates or family. But we found that performers underestimated their positive influences on strangers as well. In one experiment, performers in a public park gave away hot chocolate on a cold winter’s day to people that just happened to be nearby. Again, the kind act brought more happiness than the performers expected.
These findings suggest that what might seem small could matter a great deal to the person we do it for. Considering these warm actions can improve our own mood and brighten the day of another person, why not choose kindness when we can
1．In the experiments, the performers did the following things EXCEPT that _________.
A．they reported their own experience
B．they guessed the receivers’ feelings
C．they rated how valuable their acts of kindness were
D．they compared the receivers’ expectations with their actual results
2．The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 1 refers to _________.
A．simple acts of kindness
B．chances for being kind
C．scientists who study happiness
D．possible explanations for kind acts
3．What is Paragraph 5 mainly about _________
A．Different purposes of the research.
B．Another explanation of the research methods.
C．Possible influences of the research findings.
D．More evidence for the research results.
4．The studies and experiments show that _________.
A．kindness can have far more positive influences than expected
B．performing kindness produces as much happiness as expected
C．receiving kindness is more difficult than expected
D．performing kindness is more important than receiving it
5．The passage is probably written to _________.
A．introduce a successful study
B．encourage people to show kindness to others
C．call on people to be a receiver rather than a performer
D．enable more people to enjoy the kindness
（23-24九年级上·河南三门峡·期末）As we know, history is an important part of human civilization (文明), and it helps us understand the past and shape (塑造) the future. However, it is not easy for us to experience the past. With the development of modern technology, digital technology has been used to change the way we look at history. It can bring the past to life in a new way.
Firstly, digital technology allows people to take virtual (虚拟的) tours of historical sites (历史遗迹). This means that people can now experience what it was like to live in old times without actually being there. This is an exciting way for students to learn about history and different cultures rather than just reading textbooks or sitting in the classroom.
Secondly, digital technology has helped to better protect historical artworks and documents (文献). Museums can store important documents and artworks in digital forms. This makes it easier to share them with people all around the world. What’s more, digital technology can help fix and repair historical artworks that would be lost over time.
Thirdly, digital technology can help historians do research. With useful modern tools, historians can quickly study historical materials and come up with new findings. This has opened up new areas of historical research, which may lead to new discoveries in the future.
All in all, digital technology has changed the way we learn about and understand history. As we continue to develop and improve our technology, we can expect to see even more exciting developments in the field of history.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
6．How does digital technology bring the past to life in a new way
① It helps historians do research.
② It provides virtual tours for people.
③ It provides a new way to make history.
④ It helps protect historical artworks and documents .
A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④
7．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A．New discoveries. B．Different cultures.
C．The past and the future. D．Important documents and artworks.
8．What’s the structure of the passage (① = Paragraph 1, ② = Paragraph 2, ...)
A． B． C． D．
9．How does the writer feel about the future influence (影响) of digital technology on history
A．Hopeful. B．Worried. C．Surprised. D．Proud.
10．What ’s the passage mainly about
A．The importance of history.
B．The future of digital technology.
C．How digital technology is important in shaping history.
D．How digital technology is helpful for us to learn about history.
（23-24九年级上·福建莆田·期末）Climate change brings dangers to people, then what another problem are we facing now It’s underground climate change. With the development of cities, the rising underground temperature is causing the ground to heat up and deform (变形).
In the last three years, scientists had put more than 150 temperature sensors (感应器) under some big cities. The places include subway tunnels, underground parking lots and basements (地下室) of buildings. The temperatures they recorded were surprising. For example, air temperatures in underground structures (结构) can be up to 25℃ higher than the undisturbed ground temperature. After collecting data, scientists created computer models to see how temperatures will influence the ground until 2051.
When heated, some soft materials may become smaller, and other materials, such as stones, may become bigger. The models showed that warmer temperatures can cause the ground to rise upward by as much as 1.2 centimeters, or sink downward by as much as 0.8 centimeters. This may even cause the ground to crack (开裂), leaving people who live and work above in dangerous situations.
As scientists have already known a lot about underground climate change, future plans for cities should take it into consideration. Materials that take in heat can be used to keep the heat from entering the ground. They also pointed out that the rising temperature could be seen as an opportunity. City planners can try to collect heat underground and send it above for heating.
11．The writer starts his topic by _________.
A．listing numbers B．offering advice
C．asking a question D．giving an example
12．Where did scientists put temperature sensors
A．Basements. B．Forests.
C．Desserts. D．Oceans.
13．Underground climate change may cause _________.
A．more earthquakes
B．changes in the ground
C．some soft materials become bigger
D．the ground rise upward by 0.8 cm
14．What did the scientists suggest in the last paragraph
A．We should build nice house.
B．We should use take-in heat materials.
C．We should collect heat on the ground.
D．We should create more computer models.
15．What can be the best title for the text
A．Development of Cities B．Underground Structures
C．Future Opportunities D．Underground Climate Change
（23-24九年级上·河南郑州·期末）
This walkthrough (攻略) will help you start your own clothing brand online in 2024. ● Why Start an Online Clothing Business There are several reasons why starting an online clothing business is a good idea: √Low startup costs. √Global reach. √Easy to manage and scale (扩大规模) . ● Guide: How to Start a Clothing Line in 10 Steps Check out our guide with the ten most important steps you need to take. CLICK FOR MORE! 1. Understand Your Market 2. Write a Business Plan 3. Choose a Business Name 4. Get a Business License 5. Create a Special Design 6. Find a Clothing Manufacturer (生产商) 7. Check the Quality of Your Product 8. Choose a Sales Way 9. Price Your Products Right 10. Begin Marketing and Selling ●Clothing Items: What to Pick for Your Fashion Brand
16．In Zane Bratuskina’s opinion, what is NOT the reason to start an online clothing business
A．The Business is easy to manage. B．The startup cost is at a low price.
C．It’s the best way to earn good money. D．Clothing can be sold all over the world.
17．How many steps are listed for starting a clothing line
A．Three. B．Ten. C．Thirteen. D．Sixteen.
18．What needs to be done before selling online clothing
A．To design an ad. B．To choose a model.
C．To write a comment. D．To check the quality.
19．Who will be most likely to make a comment for the walkthrough
A．Someone who wants to start an online business. B．Someone who takes a drawing course online.
C．Someone who tests online product quality. D．Someone who writes online pop songs.
20．In which part of the website can the text be seen
A．Keeping Healthy. B．Doing Sports.
C．Running business. D．Wearing Clothes.
（23-24九年级上·山西临汾·期末）Do you bury (埋藏) yourself in usual homework during your holidays Well, that’s not the case for all. More teenagers get unusual homework. Let them show their special homework!
21．How did Liu Jun feel when he heard his unusual homework
A．Excited. B．Shocked. C．Sad.
22．How did Yuan Mei tell different vegetables
A．By looking at their leaves.
B．By asking her mother for help.
C．By recording them with cameras.
23．What did Cao Rui learn from her mother
A． B． C．
24．What do we know about Zhou Run
A．He thought PE is the easiest lesson.
B．He failed to finish the PE task.
C．His football skills have improved a lot.
25．What’s the purpose of the passage
A．To tell us ways to finish our usual homework.
B．To encourage us to try different kinds of homework.
C．To introduce us several kinds of unusual homework.
（23-24九年级上·四川遂宁·期末）阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项，并填在答题卡上相应位置。
Different students learn in different ways, and it’s important to find a way that works best for you. Here are some things that you can try to help you study better.
Make a proper plan.
Decide when, where and how long you are going to study. If you plan your study every time, then it will be easier to achieve your goals (目标).
Test yourself on what you have learned.
After you read something, you should test yourself on it. Try to test yourself days and weeks after you first learn something. You can also work with a partner to test each other.
Take a break.
Research has shown that taking breaks can help you work or study better. A study by the company DeskTime found that the most productive (富有成效) people work for about 52 minutes at a time, and then take a 17-minute break in between. So when you make your study plan, don’t forget to include breaks.
Keep healthy.
Getting exercise and sleeping well can actually help you study. Research has found that regular exercise can improve both memory and thinking skills, while sleeping helps the brain save new information.
26．What will make it easier for students to achieve their goals
A．Making a plan every time. B．Getting enough sleep every day.
C．Finding a partner to work with. D．Improving their memory.
27．What can we learn from the study by DeskTime
A．It is important to know what to do during a break.
B．Sometimes it’s necessary to make a work plan.
C．People should take breaks if they want to work better.
D．Students should take a break of more than 30 minutes each time.
28．What does the underlined word “regular” in the last paragraph mean in Chinese
A．超量的 B．复杂的 C．定期的 D．简单的
29．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text
A．It is enough to make a weekly plan for studying.
B．Exercise helps the brain save new information.
C．The longer you learn, the better you will study.
D．Test is very helpful for our learning.
30．What’s the best title for the text
A．Keeping Healthy Is Good for Learning Well
B．The Important Skills for Learning
C．It Is Important to Test Yourself on What you Have Learned
D．The Proper Plans to Learn Well
（23-24九年级上·江西宜春·期末）Taking trips to places with fewer people and beautiful natural scenery has become a trend in China since the COVID-19 pandemic. In other words, rural (乡村的) tourism is gaining popularity among Chinese tourists. Besides the influence of the pandemic, there must be some other reasons. Here are some of them.
Wang Shang works for a Beijing-based company that helps organize countryside tours. She believes that experiencing a different lifestyle is an important reason why citizens travel to rural areas. Most of the visitors from cities are used to buying food in supermarkets. But in rural areas, they can easily get them on farms. They are used to watching high buildings and busy traffic. But in rural areas, they can enjoy more peaceful and clean rivers or mountains.
Tourists’ expectations for rural tourism are not limited to enjoying natural scenery and experiencing the countryside life. Cao Yiqin, a 26-year-old tourist, told us that rural trips help her not only “enjoy the natural beauty” but also “reduce stress by escaping the busy city life and getting closer to nature”.
Apart from the above reasons, the government encourages cultural companies and their employees to go to the countryside to help with local business. They have brought some great changes to the rural areas, including the renovation (翻新) of the buildings, the spread of rural culture, the processing of agricultural products, etc.
The trend has also been pushed by some Chinese Internet stars. An Internet star has posted many videos of traditional Chinese rural life on the Internet and attracted a large number of viewers.
31．Which of the following is NOT the advantage of traveling to the countryside according to the passage
A．It helps people reduce stress. B．People can get closer to nature.
C．People can get food on farms easily. D．People can enjoy farmers’ busy life.
32．What is the main idea of Paragraph 2
A．People are tired of city life. B．Rural life is better than city life.
C．People want to experience a different life. D．Food on farms is healthier than that in supermarkets.
33．What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 4 refer to
A．The visitors from cities. B．The government offices.
C．The people living in the countryside. D．The cultural companies and employees.
34．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage
A． B． C． D．
35．What would be the best title for the passage
A．Tourists travel in the countryside B．Rural tourism becomes more popular
C．Chinese people escape from the city life D．The government encourages rural tourism
（23-24九年级上·福建宁德·期末）Learning history can help us better understand the present and make us wiser (智慧的). If you have trouble in matching the story with its time, maybe you can memorize (记忆) them by making a timeline. Here are some tips to help you make a timeline.
Firstly, make a list of important dates. Pull key dates from your reading materials and class notes. Make sure they are in chronological (按发生时间顺序排列的) order.
Secondly, organize your timeline. Draw a line from one side of your page to the other. Next, begin listing your dates from the oldest to the latest. Then, draw a box under each date, and fill it with the key information. Make sure it includes information about important people, events and places.
Thirdly, keep going in time. Continue filling in your dates in your timeline along with details of what happened and why it is important. Make the connections among events, people and places by drawing arrows (箭头). Use different colors to make the timeline look memorable. This can also help you quickly find important names, themes or other key terms that appear in your timeline more than once.
Fourthly, test yourself. Once you have finished your timeline, put it away and try to recreate it from your memory. This will tell you what you really know. If you don’t get everything right for the first time, go back to brush up on the parts that you missed. Once you recreate everything from the beginning, you will know that you have your history information memorized.
36．Why does the writer think the timeline is more useful
A．Because it trains readers to make them wiser.
B．Because it makes readers understand the present.
C．Because it helps to memorize information effectively.
D．Because it connects the story to its time more closely.
37．According to Paragraph 3, we can draw a timeline like Picture ________.
A． B． C． D．
38．What makes the timeline easier to memorize in Paragraph 4
A．Drawing arrows. B．Making notes. C．Using different colors. D．Filling in the dates.
39．The underlined phrase “brush up on” means “________”.
A．avoid B．review C．create D．discover
40．The writing purpose of the text is to ________.
A．show the importance of history to readers
B．encourage us to learn more about history
C．discuss the advantages of learning history
D．give some advice on how to learn history well
参考答案：
1．D 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了研究表明善举会产生意想不到的积极影响。
1．细节理解题。根据第三段中“The performers were asked to report their own experience and to guess how the receivers might feel. We wanted to understand how valuable people considered these acts to be, so both the performer and receiver had to rate how ‘big’ the act seemed.”可知，在实验中，表演者报告自己的经历、猜测接受者的感受以及他们评价自己的善举多么有价值。故选D。
2．词句猜测题。根据第一段中“Scientists who study happiness have evidence to show that being kind to others can result in happiness.”以及“Everyday life is full of chances for such actions, yet people do not always make the most use of them.”可知，日常生活中充满了做善事的机会，但人们并不总是充分利用它们；可推测出“them”指代的是“chances for being kind”。故选B。
3．主旨大意题。根据“At first, we studied acts of the kindness done for familiar people, such as friends, classmates or family.…more happiness than the performers expected.”可知，第五段主要是提供了更多的证据来支持研究结果。故选D。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“These findings suggest that what might seem small could matter a great deal to the person we do it for.”可知，这些发现表明，看起来很小的事情对我们为之做事的人来说可能很重要，可推断出善良能产生比预期更多的积极影响。故选A。
5．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了研究表明善举会产生意想不到的积极影响，可推断出作者写这篇文章是为了鼓励人们善待他人。故选B。
6．B 7．D 8．A 9．A 10．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了数字技术如何改变我们学习和理解历史的方式。
6．细节理解题。根据“Firstly, digital technology allows people to take virtual (虚拟的) tours of historical sites (历史遗迹).”“Secondly, digital technology has helped to better protect historical artworks and documents (文献).”及“Thirdly, digital technology can help historians do research.”可知数字技术可以让人们虚拟参观历史遗址，更好地保护历史艺术品和文献，以及为历史学家提供了便捷的研究工具。故选B。
7．词语猜测题。根据“Museums can store important documents and artworks in digital forms. This makes it easier to share them with people all around the world.”可知划线词在此处指上文提到的重要文件和艺术品。故选D。
8．篇章结构题。第一段引出数字技术的话题；第二、三、四段分别介绍数字技术的好处；第五段总结全文。文章是总—分—总的结构。故选A。
9．推理判断题。根据第五段“As we continue to develop and improve our technology, we can expect to see even more exciting developments in the field of history.”可知作者对数字技术是充满希望的。故选A。
10．主旨大意题。根据第一段“With the development of modern technology, digital technology has been used to change the way we look at history. It can bring the past to life in a new way.”可知本文主要介绍了数字技术是如何改变了我们看待历史的方式。故选D。
11．C 12．A 13．B 14．B 15．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了地下气候变化。
11．推理判断题。根据“Climate change brings dangers to people, then what another problem are we facing now ”可知，作者通过提问的方式开启话题。故选C。
12．细节理解题。根据“The places include subway tunnels, underground parking lots and basements (地下室) of buildings.”可知，科学家们在地铁隧道、地下停车场和建筑物的地下室放置了温度感应器。故选A。
13．细节理解题。根据“The models showed that warmer temperatures can cause the ground to rise upward by as much as 1.2 centimeters, or sink downward by as much as 0.8 centimeters. This may even cause the ground to crack (开裂)...”可知，地下气候变化会导致地面向上隆起多达1.2厘米，或向下沉降多达0.8厘米，甚至可能导致地面开裂，这些都属于地面变化。故选B。
14．细节理解题。根据“Materials that take in heat can be used to keep the heat from entering the ground.”可知，科学家建议使用吸收热量的材料，防止热量进入地下。故选B。
15．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了地下气候变化，选项D“地下气候变化”与之相符。故选D。
16．C 17．B 18．D 19．A 20．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了如何在线创建自己的服装品牌。
16．细节理解题。根据“√Low startup costs.√Global reach.√Easy to manage and scale”可知√启动成本低。√全球覆盖。√易于管理和扩大规模。故选C。
17．细节理解题。根据“● Guide: How to Start a Clothing Line in 10 Steps”可知有10个步骤。故选B。
18．细节理解题。根据“7. Check the Quality of Your Product 8. Choose a Sales Way”可知卖衣服之前要检查质量。故选D。
19．推理判断题。根据“This walkthrough (攻略) will help you start your own clothing brand online in 2024.”可知这个攻略帮助你在线创建自己的服装品牌，所以一个想创业的人可能会对这个攻略写评论。故选A。
20．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了如何在线创建自己的服装品牌，故可能出现在网站的“经营企业”部分。故选C。
21．B 22．A 23．A 24．C 25．C
【导语】本文介绍了几个青少年不同寻常的家庭作业。
21．推理判断题。根据“We couldn’t play on our phones for seven days. To be honest, I was really surprised when I heard that.”可知，他感到吃惊。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据“I also learned to recognize them according to their leaves.”可知，通过叶子分辨不同种类的蔬菜。故选A。
23．细节理解题。根据“I chose to learn to cook from my mother.”可知，学习做饭。故选A。
24．细节理解题。根据“I was too slow and weakto touch the ball. So I practiced almost every day. A few weeks later, I could join them and sometimes even score.”可知他的足球技能提升很多。故选C。
25．推理判断题。本文介绍了几个青少年不同寻常的家庭作业。故选C。
26．A 27．C 28．C 29．D 30．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些能够帮助学习更好的方法。
26．细节理解题。根据“If you plan your study every time, then it will be easier to achieve your goals (目标).”可知，如果学生们每次都计划自己的学习，那么就更容易实现目标。故选A。
27．细节理解题。根据“A study by the company DeskTime found that the most productive (富有成效) people work for about 52 minutes at a time, and then take a 17-minute break in between. So when you make your study plan, don’t forget to include breaks.”可知，从DeskTime的研究中我们了解到：如果人们想要更好地工作，就应该休息。故选C。
28．词句猜测题。根据“Research has found that regular exercise can improve both memory and thinking skills,”可知，研究发现，定期的锻炼可以提高记忆力和思维能力。因此“regular”表示“定期的”。故选C。
29．推理判断题。根据“After you read something, you should test yourself on it.”可推知，考试对我们的学习很有帮助。故选D。
30．最佳标题题。通读全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了一些能够帮助学习更好的方法。故选项B“学习的重要技巧”适合作为本文的标题。故选B。
31．D 32．C 33．D 34．A 35．B
【导语】本文主要讲乡村旅游越来越受欢迎，介绍了出现这一现象的原因。
31．细节理解题。根据“But in rural areas, they can easily get them on farms. ... But in rural areas, they can enjoy more peaceful and clean rivers or mountains.”及“Tourists’ expectations for rural tourism are not limited to enjoying natural scenery and experiencing the countryside life. Cao Yiqin, a 26-year-old tourist, told us that rural trips help her not only ‘enjoy the natural beauty’ but also ‘reduce stress by escaping the busy city life and getting closer to nature’.”可知去乡村旅游的优点有：它帮助人们减轻压力、人们能更亲近自然、人们可以很容易地在农场得到食物，不包括“人们可以享受农民忙碌的生活”。故选D。
32．段落大意题。通读第二段内容可知第二段主要讲了人们想要体验不同的生活。故选C，
33．代词指代题。根据“Apart from the above reasons, the government encourages cultural companies and their employees to go to the countryside to help with local business. They have brought some great changes to the rural areas, including the renovation (翻新) of the buildings, the spread of rural culture, the processing of agricultural products, etc.”可知此处讲文化公司和员工给农村地区带来了一些巨大的变化，They指代上文出现的“cultural companies and their employees”。故选D。
34．篇章结构题。结合“Here are some of them.”可知第一段引出乡村旅游受欢迎的原因这一话题；其余段落具体分析了一些原因。故选A。
35．标题归纳题。本文主要讲乡村旅游越来越受欢迎，介绍了出现这一现象的原因，用“Rural tourism becomes more popular”做标题最合适。故选B。
36．C 37．B 38．C 39．B 40．D
【导语】本文主要针对如何绘制时间轴给出了一些建议。
36．细节理解题。根据“If you have trouble in matching the story with its time, maybe you can memorize (记忆) them by making a timeline”可知，时间轴有助于有效地记忆信息，故选C。
37．细节理解题。根据“Draw a line from one side of your page to the other. Next, begin listing your dates from the oldest to the latest. Then, draw a box under each date, and fill it with the key information. Make sure it includes information about important people, events and places.”可知，从书页的一边到另一边画一条线。接下来，开始列出你的日期，从最早的到最晚的，然后，在每个日期下面画一个方框，填上关键信息，确保它包括重要人物、事件和地点的信息。B项符合，故选B。
38．细节理解题。根据“Use different colors to make the timeline look memorable. This can also help you quickly find important names, themes or other key terms that appear in your timeline more than once.”可知，使用不同的颜色使时间轴看起来令人难忘，故选C。
39．词义猜测题。根据“...try to recreate it from your memory. This will tell you what you really know. If you don’t get everything right for the first time, go back to brush up on the parts that you missed”可知，在重新绘制时间轴的时候，如果第一次不能正确完成，则需要返回复习遗漏的内容，所以划线部分表示“复习”，与review同义，故选B。
40．主旨大意题。根据“Here are some tips to help you make a timeline.”可知，本文主要针对如何绘制时间表给出了一些建议。故选D。
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