人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册Unit 2 Iconic Attractions 单元自主检测（含答案）
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选择性必修四Unit2 Iconic Attractions单元自主检测
基础词汇检查
1.equator n.
2.barbecue n.
3.butcher n.
4.herb n.
5.hollow adj.
6.horn n.
7.pitch n.
8.prime minister
9.frog n.
10.getaway n.
11.peak season
12.golf n.
13.strait n.
14.sample n.
15.geothermal park
16.trunk n.
17.mammal n.
18.hatch vi.
vt.
19. adj.最著名的；第一的；首要的
n.总理；首相
20. n.标语；口号
21. n.部长；大臣；外交使节
22. n.箭；箭头
23. vt.& n.潜水；跳水；俯冲
24. n.自由
25. n.纪念碑（或馆、堂、像等）；历史遗迹
26. adj.暂时的；短暂的
27. n.阶段；时期
28. n.一场；一段时间；会议
29. n.巢穴；鸟窝；秘密窝点
30. n.监狱；监禁
二、单句语法填空
1.The man of integrity got involved in the （politics） activity, which made him a powerful figure in Chinese history.
2.It is declared that the map clearly shows the （distribute） of this species across the world.
3.Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how （frequent） each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both.
4.Limited resources are restricting our （capable） for developing new products.
5.The Lost Property Office is open Monday to Friday 7：30 a.m. to 5：00 p.m. and （locate） at Roma Street station.
6.The exhibition （sponsor） by several famous companies turned out to be a great success.
7.The activity,the aim of is to draw our attention to environmental protection, raises our awareness of caring about nature.
8.In the course of the Art and Culture Show, there are various performances vary from singing, dancing to reciting poems.
9.The book, （entitle） Read Poetry and Learn History by Wang Chunyong, is suitable for the foreigners to learn classical Chinese poetry.
三、阅读理解
A
In 2005, Calvin Echevarria was on top of his game. He had two jobs, bought a house and was raising a 3-year-old daughter with his wife. But suddenly, it felt like it was all being taken away. He could no longer work as a FedEx driver because he was going blind.
He was diagnosed with diabetic retinopathy. “All I care is about my wife and my daughter,” he told CBS News. “I’m like,‘How am I going to see my daughter grow ’”
Echevarria at first worked on developing independent living skills like walking with a cane. But he wanted to learn more — like skills that would be useful for a job. That’s when he found Lighthouse Works in Orlando, a company that creates jobs for the visually impaired and blind.
“Seven out of ten Americans who are visually impaired are not in the workforce,” said Kyle Johnson, the president and CEO of Lighthouse Works. “And we knew that people who are blind are the most highly educated disability group on the planet. So, we created Lighthouse Works to help them to work and contribute.”
What began as Lighthouse Central Florida in 1976 has evolved. The organization originally focused on helping the blind and visually impaired learn independent living skills and enter the workforce. But in 2011, they created Lighthouse Works in Orlando, their own company that provides call center and supply chain services and hires people who are blind or visually impaired. At Lighthouse Works, nearly half of the employees are visually impaired or blind.
Echevarria said working in a fully accessible office space, with other visually impaired people who can relate to him, is an added benefit. “It gives me a purpose. It makes me feel better because I can actually be proud of myself,” he said. His original worry was not being able to be there for his daughter. Now, he’s her mentor, because she’s an employee at Lighthouse Works as well.
1.Which proverb can best describe Calvin Echevarria’s life experience
A.Life is full of ups and downs. B.Time and tide wait for no man.
C.Misfortune may be an actual blessing. D.Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.
2.Why did Kyle Johnson set up Lighthouse Works in Orlando
A.To make the blind live happily. B.To help the blind recover their sight.
C.To enable the blind to serve society. D.To help the blind become independent.
3.What can we learn about Lighthouse Works in Orlando
A.It was set up over 40 years ago. B.Most of its employees are blind.
C.It provides jobs for blind people. D.It mainly teaches the blind life skills.
4.How did Calvin Echevarria feel about his life
A.Worried. B.Satisfied.
C.Confused. D.Pessimistic.
B
Way back in the early 1940s — long before smart phones, Siri and semi-autonomous weapons — the late great sci-fi writer Isaac Asimov drew up a set of principles for the development of advanced robotic systems.
Asimov was essentially an optimist, and his famous Three Laws of Robotics have influence in science and technology circles to this day.
（1） A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm.（2） A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the First Law. （3） A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law.
Now, almost 80 years later, legal academic and artificial intelligence expert Frank Pasquale has added four additional principles. Professor Pasquale says while Asimov’s ideas were well founded, they assumed a certain technological trajectory （轨迹） that no longer holds — innovations are not always for the good of humanity.
“Whereas Asimov is talking about how we have robots help people and not harm them, I’m talking about how we guide the direction of technology,” he says. And he draws an important distinction between AI and what he terms IA — intelligence augmentation （增强）.
“The artificial intelligence goal is often to replace human beings, to create, for example, a robot doctor or a robot teacher. The intelligence augmentation goal is to help human beings.”
“If we go for an artificial intelligence vision of replacement, that’s going to create a jobless future in many areas,” he says. “Whereas if we emphasise intelligence augmentation, that should actually increase both productivity and the value of labour.”
“We’ve seen so many fields where technological advances have led to very troubling and harmful consequences like global warming. We’ve got to get ahead of these things,” he says. “We can’t just look at something like global warming and say, well, we’ll just get a technological fix out of it. We have to think very deeply about directing innovation.”
5.What do we learn about Isaac Asimov’s Three Laws of Robotics
A.They ignore robots’ interests. B.They focus on humans’ interests.
C.They predict the development of AI. D.They have a history of nearly 70 years.
6.Which of the following beliefs did Isaac Asimov agree with
A.IA is more important than AI. B.Innovations do good to people.
C.Robots will replace human beings. D.Technology can be harmful to people.
7.What is the core of intelligence augmentation
A.The development of robots. B.Humans’ depending on robots.
C.The improvement of humans. D.Robots’ replacing human beings.
8.What attitude does Frank Pasquale take to technological advances
A.Negative and worried. B.Doubtful and confused.
C.Optimistic and confident. D.Reasonable and cautious.
四、七选五
In the face of AI, we should learn to coexist with it. Since cognitive, collaborative and emotional work can only be done by humans, we should use it to our advantage, rather than feel left out. 9
CHANGE YOUR ATTITUDE: Be ready for AI developments that will impact your career, and adapt to this rapidly changing environment. This is critical because you do not know what changes will happen. 10 The roads and models of cars may change but you will have the basic confidence and discipline to drive once you know it.
You have to learn continuously and not stop after your graduation. 11 Today, it’s ChatGPT; tomorrow it will be something else. You can’t take your job for granted any longer as a career is no longer fixed and unchangeable.
USE NEW TECH: As soon as any new tech comes in, start using it. The more you use it, the better you will be able to adapt to it. 12 Incorporate it in your day-to-day work schedule and improve your productivity by using it as a tool just as you did with Google search 20 years ago.
UPSKILL & RESKILL: If your post is likely to become redundant （多余的）, upskill at the earliest in a way that you can either monitor and handle the AI tool, or acquire niche expertise that is unlikely to be automated.You can either acquire new skills in your area of industry or upskill to use the best AI models for your role. 13 If you know the industry is moving from A to B, jump from the ship to learn B while working on A because you never know when you may need to change track.
A.It’s like learning to drive.
B.Then what should we do now
C.Tech evolution is an ongoing process.
D.But what challenges has AI brought to us
E.Don’t hesitate to learn a completely new skill either.
F.There is a lot of information on social media about AI.
G.Develop a healthy enjoyment of technology instead of complaining.
答案：
一、基础词汇检查
1.赤道 2.户外烧烤；烤架 3.肉贩；屠夫；刽子手 4.药草；香草；草本 5.中空的；空心的 6.（乐器）号 7.音高 8.首相；总理 9.蛙；青蛙 10.适合度假的地方 11.高峰季节 12.高尔夫球运动 13.海峡 14.样本；样品 15.地热公园 16.树干 17.哺乳动物 18.孵出；破壳 使孵出；策划；（尤指）密谋 19.premier 20.slogan 21.minister 22.arrow 23.dive 24.liberty 25.monument 26.temporary 27.phase 28.session 29.nest 30.prison
二、单句语法填空
1.political 2.distribution 3.frequently 4.capacity 5.is located 6.sponsored 7which 8.that/which 9.entitled
三、阅读理解
A
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Calvin Echevarria是一名美国联邦快递的司机。由于失明，处于人生巅峰的他，生活突然之间发生了彻底的改变。
1.A 推理判断题。根据第一、二段可知，Calvin Echevarria本来正处于人生巅峰，但由于突然失明，他迎来了人生的低谷，面临即将失去一切的风险。这充分说明“人生充满了起起落落”。
2.C 细节理解题。根据第四段可知，Kyle Johnson创建奥兰多灯塔工厂的初心是帮助盲人就业并为社会作出贡献。
3.C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知，奥兰多灯塔工厂创建于2011年，它雇用盲人或视障人士，有接近一半的员工是盲人或视障人士。
4.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，Calvin Echevarria感觉自己现在的生活很有意义，也充满自豪感。
B
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。20世纪40年代，美国著名科幻小说作家Isaac Asimov提出了著名的“机器人三定律”。时至今天，人工智能专家Frank Pasquale认为，要约束机器人仅仅依靠这三条定律是不够的。
5.B 细节理解题。根据第三段可知，Isaac Asimov提出的“机器人三定律”重点强调保护人的安全和利益，不过它们也没有忽略机器人存在的权利。
6.B 细节理解题。根据第四段可知，人工智能专家Frank Pasquale认为，虽然Isaac Asimov的想法有充分根据，但它们假设了某种不再成立的技术发展轨迹——（如今）创新并不总是对人类有利。这说明Isaac Asimov认为创新是对人类有利的。
7.C 推理判断题。根据第五至七段可知，AI强调的是人工智能的快速发展从而取代人类，而IA强调的是：在机器的帮助下，让人变得更强大、生产效率和劳动价值都得到提高。
8.D 观点态度题。根据最后一段可知，Frank Pasquale认为，技术进步已经给人类带来一些非常令人不安和有害的后果，我们必须走在技术进步的前面。也就是说我们要预见一些可能的不良后果并引导科学技术朝良性发展。由此可知，Frank Pasquale并没有反对技术进步，只是提醒我们对技术进步保持理性和谨慎的态度。
四、七选五
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。人工智能正在如火如荼地发展并给我们带来巨大的挑战，我们应该怎么办呢？
9.B 根据下文可知，本文主要就如何面对人工智能带来的挑战给我们提出了三条建议，因此B项符合语境。
10.A 下文指出：道路和车型可能会改变，但是如果我们掌握了开车的技能就不用担心。因此A项符合语境。
11.C 下文指出：今天是ChatGPT，明天可能会是别的什么新科技。这正好是对C项（技术进化是一个持续的过程）的具体举例说明。
12.G 本段主要建议我们要积极应用AI新科技，G项中的a healthy enjoyment of technology正好与此意吻合。
13.E 本段主题是提升（原有）技能和接受再培训（学习新技能），E项与此段主题正好一致，且与下文提到的职业道路转换相吻合。
基础词汇检查
1.equator n.
2.barbecue n.
3.butcher n.
4.herb n.
5.hollow adj.
6.horn n.
7.pitch n.
8.prime minister
9.frog n.
10.getaway n.
11.peak season
12.golf n.
13.strait n.
14.sample n.
15.geothermal park
16.trunk n.
17.mammal n.
18.hatch vi.
vt.
19. adj.最著名的；第一的；首要的
n.总理；首相
20. n.标语；口号
21. n.部长；大臣；外交使节
22. n.箭；箭头
23. vt.& n.潜水；跳水；俯冲
24. n.自由
25. n.纪念碑（或馆、堂、像等）；历史遗迹
26. adj.暂时的；短暂的
27. n.阶段；时期
28. n.一场；一段时间；会议
29. n.巢穴；鸟窝；秘密窝点
30. n.监狱；监禁
二、单句语法填空
1.The man of integrity got involved in the （politics） activity, which made him a powerful figure in Chinese history.
2.It is declared that the map clearly shows the （distribute） of this species across the world.
3.Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how （frequent） each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both.
4.Limited resources are restricting our （capable） for developing new products.
5.The Lost Property Office is open Monday to Friday 7：30 a.m. to 5：00 p.m. and （locate） at Roma Street station.
6.The exhibition （sponsor） by several famous companies turned out to be a great success.
7.The activity,the aim of is to draw our attention to environmental protection, raises our awareness of caring about nature.
8.In the course of the Art and Culture Show, there are various performances vary from singing, dancing to reciting poems.
9.The book, （entitle） Read Poetry and Learn History by Wang Chunyong, is suitable for the foreigners to learn classical Chinese poetry.
三、阅读理解
A
In 2005, Calvin Echevarria was on top of his game. He had two jobs, bought a house and was raising a 3-year-old daughter with his wife. But suddenly, it felt like it was all being taken away. He could no longer work as a FedEx driver because he was going blind.
He was diagnosed with diabetic retinopathy. “All I care is about my wife and my daughter,” he told CBS News. “I’m like,‘How am I going to see my daughter grow ’”
Echevarria at first worked on developing independent living skills like walking with a cane. But he wanted to learn more — like skills that would be useful for a job. That’s when he found Lighthouse Works in Orlando, a company that creates jobs for the visually impaired and blind.
“Seven out of ten Americans who are visually impaired are not in the workforce,” said Kyle Johnson, the president and CEO of Lighthouse Works. “And we knew that people who are blind are the most highly educated disability group on the planet. So, we created Lighthouse Works to help them to work and contribute.”
What began as Lighthouse Central Florida in 1976 has evolved. The organization originally focused on helping the blind and visually impaired learn independent living skills and enter the workforce. But in 2011, they created Lighthouse Works in Orlando, their own company that provides call center and supply chain services and hires people who are blind or visually impaired. At Lighthouse Works, nearly half of the employees are visually impaired or blind.
Echevarria said working in a fully accessible office space, with other visually impaired people who can relate to him, is an added benefit. “It gives me a purpose. It makes me feel better because I can actually be proud of myself,” he said. His original worry was not being able to be there for his daughter. Now, he’s her mentor, because she’s an employee at Lighthouse Works as well.
1.Which proverb can best describe Calvin Echevarria’s life experience
A.Life is full of ups and downs. B.Time and tide wait for no man.
C.Misfortune may be an actual blessing. D.Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.
2.Why did Kyle Johnson set up Lighthouse Works in Orlando
A.To make the blind live happily. B.To help the blind recover their sight.
C.To enable the blind to serve society. D.To help the blind become independent.
3.What can we learn about Lighthouse Works in Orlando
A.It was set up over 40 years ago. B.Most of its employees are blind.
C.It provides jobs for blind people. D.It mainly teaches the blind life skills.
4.How did Calvin Echevarria feel about his life
A.Worried. B.Satisfied.
C.Confused. D.Pessimistic.
B
Way back in the early 1940s — long before smart phones, Siri and semi-autonomous weapons — the late great sci-fi writer Isaac Asimov drew up a set of principles for the development of advanced robotic systems.
Asimov was essentially an optimist, and his famous Three Laws of Robotics have influence in science and technology circles to this day.
（1） A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm.（2） A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the First Law. （3） A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law.
Now, almost 80 years later, legal academic and artificial intelligence expert Frank Pasquale has added four additional principles. Professor Pasquale says while Asimov’s ideas were well founded, they assumed a certain technological trajectory （轨迹） that no longer holds — innovations are not always for the good of humanity.
“Whereas Asimov is talking about how we have robots help people and not harm them, I’m talking about how we guide the direction of technology,” he says. And he draws an important distinction between AI and what he terms IA — intelligence augmentation （增强）.
“The artificial intelligence goal is often to replace human beings, to create, for example, a robot doctor or a robot teacher. The intelligence augmentation goal is to help human beings.”
“If we go for an artificial intelligence vision of replacement, that’s going to create a jobless future in many areas,” he says. “Whereas if we emphasise intelligence augmentation, that should actually increase both productivity and the value of labour.”
“We’ve seen so many fields where technological advances have led to very troubling and harmful consequences like global warming. We’ve got to get ahead of these things,” he says. “We can’t just look at something like global warming and say, well, we’ll just get a technological fix out of it. We have to think very deeply about directing innovation.”
5.What do we learn about Isaac Asimov’s Three Laws of Robotics
A.They ignore robots’ interests. B.They focus on humans’ interests.
C.They predict the development of AI. D.They have a history of nearly 70 years.
6.Which of the following beliefs did Isaac Asimov agree with
A.IA is more important than AI. B.Innovations do good to people.
C.Robots will replace human beings. D.Technology can be harmful to people.
7.What is the core of intelligence augmentation
A.The development of robots. B.Humans’ depending on robots.
C.The improvement of humans. D.Robots’ replacing human beings.
8.What attitude does Frank Pasquale take to technological advances
A.Negative and worried. B.Doubtful and confused.
C.Optimistic and confident. D.Reasonable and cautious.
四、七选五
In the face of AI, we should learn to coexist with it. Since cognitive, collaborative and emotional work can only be done by humans, we should use it to our advantage, rather than feel left out. 9
CHANGE YOUR ATTITUDE: Be ready for AI developments that will impact your career, and adapt to this rapidly changing environment. This is critical because you do not know what changes will happen. 10 The roads and models of cars may change but you will have the basic confidence and discipline to drive once you know it.
You have to learn continuously and not stop after your graduation. 11 Today, it’s ChatGPT; tomorrow it will be something else. You can’t take your job for granted any longer as a career is no longer fixed and unchangeable.
USE NEW TECH: As soon as any new tech comes in, start using it. The more you use it, the better you will be able to adapt to it. 12 Incorporate it in your day-to-day work schedule and improve your productivity by using it as a tool just as you did with Google search 20 years ago.
UPSKILL & RESKILL: If your post is likely to become redundant （多余的）, upskill at the earliest in a way that you can either monitor and handle the AI tool, or acquire niche expertise that is unlikely to be automated.You can either acquire new skills in your area of industry or upskill to use the best AI models for your role. 13 If you know the industry is moving from A to B, jump from the ship to learn B while working on A because you never know when you may need to change track.
A.It’s like learning to drive.
B.Then what should we do now
C.Tech evolution is an ongoing process.
D.But what challenges has AI brought to us
E.Don’t hesitate to learn a completely new skill either.
F.There is a lot of information on social media about AI.
G.Develop a healthy enjoyment of technology instead of complaining.
答案：
一、基础词汇检查
1.赤道 2.户外烧烤；烤架 3.肉贩；屠夫；刽子手 4.药草；香草；草本 5.中空的；空心的 6.（乐器）号 7.音高 8.首相；总理 9.蛙；青蛙 10.适合度假的地方 11.高峰季节 12.高尔夫球运动 13.海峡 14.样本；样品 15.地热公园 16.树干 17.哺乳动物 18.孵出；破壳 使孵出；策划；（尤指）密谋 19.premier 20.slogan 21.minister 22.arrow 23.dive 24.liberty 25.monument 26.temporary 27.phase 28.session 29.nest 30.prison
二、单句语法填空
1.political 2.distribution 3.frequently 4.capacity 5.is located 6.sponsored 7which 8.that/which 9.entitled
三、阅读理解
A
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Calvin Echevarria是一名美国联邦快递的司机。由于失明，处于人生巅峰的他，生活突然之间发生了彻底的改变。
1.A 推理判断题。根据第一、二段可知，Calvin Echevarria本来正处于人生巅峰，但由于突然失明，他迎来了人生的低谷，面临即将失去一切的风险。这充分说明“人生充满了起起落落”。
2.C 细节理解题。根据第四段可知，Kyle Johnson创建奥兰多灯塔工厂的初心是帮助盲人就业并为社会作出贡献。
3.C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知，奥兰多灯塔工厂创建于2011年，它雇用盲人或视障人士，有接近一半的员工是盲人或视障人士。
4.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，Calvin Echevarria感觉自己现在的生活很有意义，也充满自豪感。
B
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。20世纪40年代，美国著名科幻小说作家Isaac Asimov提出了著名的“机器人三定律”。时至今天，人工智能专家Frank Pasquale认为，要约束机器人仅仅依靠这三条定律是不够的。
5.B 细节理解题。根据第三段可知，Isaac Asimov提出的“机器人三定律”重点强调保护人的安全和利益，不过它们也没有忽略机器人存在的权利。
6.B 细节理解题。根据第四段可知，人工智能专家Frank Pasquale认为，虽然Isaac Asimov的想法有充分根据，但它们假设了某种不再成立的技术发展轨迹——（如今）创新并不总是对人类有利。这说明Isaac Asimov认为创新是对人类有利的。
7.C 推理判断题。根据第五至七段可知，AI强调的是人工智能的快速发展从而取代人类，而IA强调的是：在机器的帮助下，让人变得更强大、生产效率和劳动价值都得到提高。
8.D 观点态度题。根据最后一段可知，Frank Pasquale认为，技术进步已经给人类带来一些非常令人不安和有害的后果，我们必须走在技术进步的前面。也就是说我们要预见一些可能的不良后果并引导科学技术朝良性发展。由此可知，Frank Pasquale并没有反对技术进步，只是提醒我们对技术进步保持理性和谨慎的态度。
四、七选五
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。人工智能正在如火如荼地发展并给我们带来巨大的挑战，我们应该怎么办呢？
9.B 根据下文可知，本文主要就如何面对人工智能带来的挑战给我们提出了三条建议，因此B项符合语境。
10.A 下文指出：道路和车型可能会改变，但是如果我们掌握了开车的技能就不用担心。因此A项符合语境。
11.C 下文指出：今天是ChatGPT，明天可能会是别的什么新科技。这正好是对C项（技术进化是一个持续的过程）的具体举例说明。
12.G 本段主要建议我们要积极应用AI新科技，G项中的a healthy enjoyment of technology正好与此意吻合。
13.E 本段主题是提升（原有）技能和接受再培训（学习新技能），E项与此段主题正好一致，且与下文提到的职业道路转换相吻合。