Unit 1 A New Start 重点词汇归纳 导学案（无答案）2024-2025学年高中英语外研版（2019）必修第一册

Unit 1
1. curious adj. _______________
be curious about… _______________
They were very curious about the people who lived upstairs.
be curious to do sth. _______________
I was curious to find what she had said.
[词形转换]
1）curiosity n. 好奇心
Curiosity killed the cat. 好奇心害死猫。
out of curiosity 出于好奇
I opened his gift out of curiosity.
2. impression n. _______________
My first impression of him was favorable.
leave/ make a(n)… impression on sb. 给某人留下…的印象
His trip to India made a strong impression on him.
[词形转换]
1）_______________ v. 使留下深刻印象；使钦佩；使铭记；使（某人）了解（某事重要性）
_______________ 某事给某人留下深刻印象
He impressed her with his sincerity.
_______________ 使某人了解某事的重要性
He impressed on us the need for immediate action.
2）_______________ adj. 给人印象深刻的，令人钦佩的；令人赞叹的
3. collection n. _______________
a collection of… _______________
There was a collection of books and shoes on the floor.
[词形转换]
1）_______________ v. 收集；搜集；收藏；聚集
_______________ 使集中思想；使镇定下来
I collected my thoughts, took a deep breath, and entered the interview room.
2）_______________ n. 收藏家
3）_______________ adj. 集体的；共有的
4. organize v. _______________
I’ll invite people if you can organize food and drinks.
[词形转换]
1）_______________ n. 组织；团体；机构
2）_______________ n. 组织者
3）_______________ adj. 有组织的；有条理的
5. breathe v. _______________
He breathed deeply before speaking again.
breathe in/ out _______________
[词形转换]
1）_______________ n. 呼吸
_______________ 深呼吸
If you are nervous, please take a deep breath.
_______________ 屏住呼吸
Hold your breath and count to ten.
_______________ 喘不过气
We were out of breath after only ten minutes.
_______________ 令某人惊叹
My first view of the island from the air took my breath away.
_______________ 喘口气
She talks all the time and hardly stops to draw breath.
2）_______________ adj. 令人惊叹的；激动人心的
6. challenge
1）n. _______________
accept/ take on/ take up a challenge _______________
It was not easy to take up a challenge.
meet/ rise to challenge _______________
Schools must meet the challenge of new technology.
2）v. 向…挑战；邀请（某人）比赛；对…表示质疑；考验…的技巧；激励
challenge sb. to sth. _______________
Mike challenged me to a game of chess.
challenge sb. to do sth. _______________
The opposition leader challenged the prime minister to call an election.
[词形转换]
1）_______________ adj. 具有挑战性的
2）_______________ adj. 伤残的；有残疾的
7. calm
1）adj. _______________
Her voice was surprisingly calm.
keep/ remain/ stay calm _______________
Try to remain calm.
2）v. _______________
calm (sb.) down _______________
We waited inside until things calmed down.
[词形转换]
1）_______________ n. 平静；镇定
[易混辨析] calm/ quiet/ still/ silent
易混词 用法 例句
calm 用于形容人冷静、镇静；也可指天气、海洋等处于一种风平浪静的状态 Staying calm is not easy in an urgent situation.
quiet 指物时，表示没有喧闹或没有骚动，处于一种静止的状态或宁静的环境；也可指人安静的 I told him to be quiet.
still 指静止不动，无声音，无行动，还可表示无风的；不能用来表示心理上的平静 The kids found it hard to stay still.
silent 着重指沉默不语或没有声音，但不一定指没有动作或活动 You have the right to remain silent.
8. description n. _______________
beyond description _______________ = beyond words
It is beyond description.
[词形转换]
1）_______________ v. 描述；描写
_______________ 把…描述为…
The man was described as tall and dark, and aged about 20.
2）_______________ adj. 描写的；描述的
9. confident adj. _______________
be confident of/ about… _______________
The team feels confident of winning.
[词形转换]
1）_______________ n. 信心；信赖
_______________ 对…有/失去信心
The players all have confidence in their manager.
_______________ 自信地；肯定地
He answered the questions with confidence.
10. debate
1）n. _______________
under debate _______________
The motion under debate was put to a vote.
have a lively/ heated/ fierce/ violent debate (about/ on/ over sth.) _______________
We had a heated debate about tax.
be open to debate _______________
Whether he deserves what has happened to him is open to debate.
2）v. 辩论；讨论
debate (sth.) with sb. 就某人辩论（某事）
She debated with herself for a while.
[词形转换]
1）_______________ n. 辩论者
11. stage
1）n. _______________
on stage _______________
There are more than 40 people on stage in one scene.
2）n. _______________
in the/ one’s early stages _______________
This technology is still in its early stages.
12. argue v. _______________
argue with sb. (about/ over sth.) _______________
We’re always arguing with each other about money.
argue for/ against (doing) sth. _______________
They argued for the right to strike.
argue sb. into/ out of doing sth. _______________
They argued him into withdrawing his complaint.
[词形转换]
1）_______________ n. 争论；争辩；论点；论据
_______________（因某事）（与某人）争吵
We had an argument with the waiter about the bill.
13. sharp
1）adj.
① adj. _______________
Tigers have sharp teeth.
② adj. _______________
There was a sharp bend in the road.
③ adj. _______________
We need to give young criminals a short, sharp shock.
④ adj. _______________
Emma has a sharp tongue.
be sharp with sb. _______________
He was very sharp with me when I was late.
⑤ adj. _______________
He kept a sharp lookout for any strangers.
2）adv. _______________
Please be here at seven o’clock sharp.
[词形转换]
1）_______________ v. 使锋利；使提高
14. volunteer
1）n. _______________
Schools need volunteers to help children to read.
2）v. _______________
volunteer for sth. _______________
He volunteered for military service.
volunteer to do sth. _______________
Jill volunteered to organize a petition.
[词形转换]
1）_______________ adj. 自愿的
15. gain
1）v. _______________
The country gained its independence ten years ago.
2）v. _______________
My watch gains two minutes every 24 hours.
gain…from… _______________
Who stands to gain from this decision
3）n. _______________
No pain, no gain. _______________
16. apply
1）v. _______________
apply (to sb.) for sth. _______________
I am delighted to apply to you for a job.
2）v. _______________
apply to _______________
The new technology was applied to farming.
apply…to… _______________
Apply the cream sparingly to your face and neck.
apply oneself to (doing) sth. _______________
We applied our minds to finding a solution to our problem.
[词形转换]
1）_______________ n. 申请；应用；应用软件
2）_______________ n. 申请人
17. award
1）n. _______________
get/ win/ receive an award (for sth.) _______________
He won an award for helping others.
2）v. _______________
award sth. to sb. _______________= award sb. sth.
The judges awarded equal points to both finalists.
[易混辨析] award/ reward
易混词 含义及用法
award v. 奖励；授予 n. 奖品；奖金（多指因在某方面表现出色）
reward v. 报答；酬谢 n. 酬金；回报
18. view
1）n. _______________
in view _______________
There was nothing in view.
come into view _______________
The lake soon came into view.
have a good view of… _______________
I didn’t have a good view of the stage.
2）n. 看法；观点
in one’s view _______________= from one’s point of view = in one’s opinion
In my view, it was a waste of time.
in view of _______________
In view of the weather, the event will now be held indoors.
hold the view that… 持有…观点；认为
He held the view that he disagreed with the teacher.
3）v. _______________
view sb./ sth. as… _______________
I was viewed as his best friend.
19. graduate
1）v. _______________
graduate in + 专业 _______________
graduate from + 学校 _______________
He graduated in physics from Cambridge University.
2）n. _______________
[词形转换]
1）_______________ n.（大学或美国高中的）毕业
20. frightened adj. _______________
be frightened of (doing) sth. _______________
She was frightened of the dogs.
be frightened to do sth. _______________
I am frightened to hear something terrible.
be frightened to death _______________
[词形转换]
1）_______________ adj. 令人恐惧的；骇人的
2）_______________ v. 使害怕；使惊吓
frighten sb. into doing sth. _______________ = frighten sb. to do sth.
The robber frightened the man into taking all his money out of pocket.
frighten sb. to death _______________
frighten sb./ sth. away/ off _______________
The high prices have frightened off many customers.
3）_______________ n. 惊吓；恐怖
_______________ 惊恐地
He looked at me with fright.
21. sight n. _______________
at first sight _______________
at the sight of… _______________
I exclaimed at the sight of blood.
within/ in sight _______________
There was nobody in sight.
out of sight _______________
Leave any valuables in your car out of sight.
lose sight of _______________
I lost sight of him in the crowd.
catch sight of _______________
We caught sight of our teacher on the playground.
22. figure
1）v. _______________
figure out _______________
I can’t figure out how to do this.
2）n.
① _______________
By 2009, the figure had risen to 14 million.
② _______________
She was a leading figure in the music industry.
③ _______________
A tall figure in black appeared in the distance.
④ _______________
The results are illustrated in figure 3 opposite.
⑤ _______________
keep one’s figure _______________
I wondered how to keep my figure.
23. select v. _______________
select sb./ sth. (for/ as…) _______________
He hasn’t been selected for the team.
select sb./ sth. to do sth. _______________
Six theatre companies have been selected to take part in this year’s festival.
[词形转换]
1）_______________ n. 挑选；选择
_______________ 有多种多样的…可供选择
2）_______________ adj. 选择性的；认真挑选的
24. struggle
1）v. _______________
struggle to do sth. _______________
They struggled just to pay their bills.
struggle for… _______________
Shona struggled for breath.
struggle with… _______________
Lisa struggled with her conscience before talking to the police.
struggle against… _______________
He struggled against cancer for two weeks.
2）n. _______________
25. exchange
1）v. _______________
exchange A for B _______________
I can exchange my books for your pens.
exchange sth. with sth. 和某人交换/交流某事
She exchanged her ideas with the boss.
2）n. _______________
in exchange (for…) _______________
Would you like my old TV in exchange for this camera