一,高考英语推断题破题三步法
第一步:结合题干定位原文关键句、关键词(尤其关注实词、数字、年份、人名等重要信息词),圈划留下做题痕迹注意同义替换,进行信息融合概括提炼(比如说:IMF国际金融机构这一类的词)(或者注意题干关键细节替换—a boy替换成a handsome boy)
第二步:仔细梳理信息,关键点进行合理推断(尤其关注序数词分条列点表达观点结构或者总分结构)
第三步:利用“题干+原文+选项”三对照,核实后确认最佳答案
高考英语推断题正确选项特征
1.同义替换(对原文句子的关键词进行替换,成为正确选项;比如说handsome-beautiful)
2.正话反说(把原文中的意思反过来表达成为正确选项;比如说 a good girl will be not welcome;instead a bad girl will be a welcome one替换为好心没好报)
3.语言简化(把原文中复杂的语言现象简化,设置为答案比如说a good-taste food=a delicious and yummy cake)
4.语态变化(改变原文重点词性或语态,给考生制造某些障碍;比如说主动语态变为被动语态)
三、模拟演练
For many parents, raising a teenager is like fighting a long war, but years go bywithout any clear winner. Like a border conflict between neighboring countries, the parent-teen war is about boundaries: Where is the line between what I control andwhat you do
Both sides want peace, but neither feels it has any power to stop the conflict. Inpart, this is because neither is willing to admit any responsibility for starting it. From the parents' point of view, the only cause of their fight is their adolescents'complete unreasonableness. And of course, the teens see it in exactly the same way, except oppositely. Both feel trapped.
In this article, I'll describe three no- win situations that commonly arise betweenteens and parents and then suggest some ways out of the trap. The first no - winsituation is quarrels over unimportant things. Examples include the color of the teen'shair, the cleanliness of the bedroom, the preferred style of clothing, the child's failure toeat a good breakfast before school, or his tendency to sleep until noon on the weekendsSecond, blaming. The goal of a blaming battle is to make the other admit that his badattitude is the reason why everything goes wrong. Third, needing to be right. It doesn'tmatter what the topic is - politics, the laws of physics, or the proper way to break anegg - the point of these arguments is to prove that you are right and the other person iswrong, for both wish to be considered an authority- someone who actually knowssomething-and therefore to command respect. Unfortunately, as long as parents andteens continue to assume that they know more than the other, they'll continue to fightthese battles forever and never make any real progress.
1. Why does the author compare the parent - teen war to a border conflict
A. Both are about where to draw the line.
B. Both can continue for generations.
C. Neither has any clear winner.
D. Neither can be put to an end
2.What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 mean
A, The teens tend to have a full understanding of their parents.
B. The teens agree with their parents on the cause of the conflict.
C. The teens cause their parents of misleading them.
D. The teens blame their parents for starting the conflict.
3. Parents and teens want to be right because they want to
A. give orders to the other
B. know more than the other
C. gain respect from the other
D. get the other to behave properly
4. What will the author most probably discuss in the paragraph that follows
A. Solutions for the parent -teen problems.
B. Examples of the parent - teen war.
C. Causes for the parent -teen conflicts.
D. Future of the parent -teen relationship.
【文章解析】
For many parents, raising a teenager is like fighting a long war, but years go by without any clear winner.
对许多父母来说,抚养一个十几岁的孩子就像打一场持久战,但年复一年没有明显的赢家。
Like a border conflict between neighboring countries, the parent-teen war is about boundaries: Where is the line between what I control and what you do
就像邻国之间的边界冲突一样,亲子之战也是关于边界的:我的控制和你的行为之间的界限在哪里?
Both sides want peace, but neither feels it has any power to stop the conflict.
双方都希望和平,但都觉得自己无力阻止冲突。
Inpart, this is because neither is willing to admit any responsibility for starting it.
在某种程度上,这是因为双方都不愿意承认对启动危机负有任何责任。
From the parents' point of view, the only cause of their fight is their adolescents' complete unreasonableness.
从父母的角度来看,他们吵架的唯一原因是他们的孩子完全不讲道理。
And of course, the teens see it in exactly the same way, except oppositely.
当然,青少年的看法完全相同,只是相反。
Both feel trapped.
两人都觉得被困住了。
In this article, I'll describe three no- win situations that commonly arise between teens and parents and then suggest some ways out of the trap.
在这篇文章中,我将描述三种通常出现在青少年和父母之间的不赢的情况,然后提出一些摆脱陷阱的方法。
The first, no - win situation is quarrels over unimportant things.
第一,没有胜算的情况是为不重要的事情争吵。
Examples include the color of the teen's hair, the cleanliness of the bedroom, the preferred style of clothing, the child's failure toeat a good breakfast before school, or his tendency to sleep until noon on the weekends.
例子包括青少年头发的颜色,卧室的清洁度,喜欢的服装风格,孩子上学前没有吃好早餐,或者他周末倾向于睡到中午。
Second, blaming.
第二,指责。
The goal of a blaming battle is to make the other admit that his bad attitude is the reason why everything goes wrong.
责备之战的目的是让对方承认,他的坏态度是导致一切问题的原因。
Third, needing to be right.
第三,必须正确。
It doesn't matter what the topic is - politics, the laws of physics, or the proper way to break anegg - the point of these arguments is to prove that you are right and the other person is wrong, for both wish to be considered an authority- someone who actually knows something-and therefore to command respect.
不管话题是什么——政治、物理定律,还是打破鸡蛋的正确方法——这些争论的重点是证明你是对的,另一个人是错的,因为双方都希望被认为是权威——一个真正知道一些事情的人——从而赢得尊重。
Unfortunately, as long as parents andteens continue to assume that they know more than the other, they'll continue to fightthese battles forever and never make any real progress.
不幸的是,只要父母和青少年继续认为他们知道的比对方多,他们就会永远打这些仗,永远不会取得任何真正的进步。
【推理判断题】
1. Why does the author compare the parent - teen war to a border conflict
为什么作者把父母与青少年之间的战争比作边境冲突
A. Both are about where to draw the line.两者都是关于界限在哪里的问题。
B. Both can continue for generations.两者都可以代代相传
C. Neither has any clear winner.两者都没有明确的赢家。
D. Neither can be put to an end两者都不会停止
For many parents, raising a teenager is like fighting a long war, but years go bywithout any clear winner. Like a border conflict between neighboring countries, the parent-teen war is about boundaries: Where is the line between what I control andwhat you do
对许多父母来说,抚养一个十几岁的孩子就像打一场持久战,但年复一年没有明显的赢家。就像邻国之间的边界冲突一样,父母与孩子之间的战争是关于边界的:我所控制的和你所做的之间的界限在哪里?
【真题还原-2023年新高考一卷】
26.What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou
作者提到福州的目的是什么
A.To review John’s research plans. 看看约翰的研究计划。
B.To show an application of John’s idea.展示约翰想法的应用。
C.To compare John’s different jobs. 比较约翰不同的工作。
D.To erase doubts about John’s invention.消除对约翰发明的怀疑。
Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.
这些年来,约翰承担了许多重大工作。他开发了一个类似温室的设施,可以处理来自南伯灵顿1600户家庭的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁中国东南部城市福州的运河水。
【句义猜测题】
What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 mean
第二段划线部分是什么意思
A, The teens tend to have a full understanding of their parents.青少年往往对父母有充分的了解。
B. The teens agree with their parents on the cause of the conflict.青少年同意父母对冲突原因的看法。
C. The teens cause their parents of misleading them.青少年使他们的父母误导他们。
D. The teens blame their parents for starting the conflict.青少年们责怪他们的父母挑起了这场冲突。
Both sides want peace, but neither feels it has any power to stop the conflict. Inpart, this is because neither is willing to admit any responsibility for starting it. From the parents' point of view, the only cause of their fight is their adolescents'complete unreasonableness. And of course, the teens see it in exactly the same way, except oppositely. Both feel trapped.
双方都希望和平,但都觉得自己无力阻止冲突。在某种程度上,这是因为双方都不愿意承认对启动危机负有任何责任。从父母的角度来看,他们吵架的唯一原因是他们的孩子完全不讲道理。当然,青少年的看法完全相同,只是相反。两人都觉得被困住了。
【真题还原-2024年天津卷】
Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “squandering” in Paragraph 3
哪个词的意思最接近第三段中划线的单词“挥霍”?
Conserving. 节省;保护,保藏;将……制成蜜饯
B. Mixing.(使)混合;(不同物质)能相混合;
C. Misusing. 滥用,误用:使用不当
D. Sharing.乐于分享的;慷慨的,无私的
Another issue is that the human brain is highly sensitive to wasted effort. Studies have shown that it calculates the effort required for actions and tends to stop us from squandering vital resources on fruitless efforts, like walking over 30 km for a handful of berries.
另一个问题是,人类的大脑对浪费精力非常敏感。研究表明,它会计算出行动所需的努力,并往往会阻止我们在徒劳的努力上浪费重要资源,比如为了一把浆果走30多公里路。
【细节理解题-直接信息题】
3. Parents and teens want to be right because they want to
父母和青少年希望自己是对的,因为他们想这么做
A. give orders to the other给对方下命令
B. know more than the other 知道的比别人多
C. gain respect from the other获得对方的尊重
D. get the other to behave properly让对方规矩点
It doesn'tmatter what the topic is - politics, the laws of physics, or the proper way to break anegg - the point of these arguments is to prove that you are right and the other person iswrong, for both wish to be considered an authority- someone who actually knows something-and therefore to command respect. Unfortunately, as long as parents andteens continue to assume that they know more than the other, they'll continue to fightthese battles forever and never make any real progress.
不管话题是什么——政治、物理定律,还是打破鸡蛋的正确方法——这些争论的重点是证明你是对的,另一个人是错的,因为双方都希望被认为是权威——一个真正知道一些事情的人——从而赢得尊重。不幸的是,只要父母和青少年继续认为他们知道的比对方多,他们就会永远打这些仗,永远不会取得任何真正的进步。
【真题还原-2024年江苏一模】
1. What did the author notice when the school was over
放学后作者注意到了什么
It was hard to find a parking space.很难找到一个停车位。
B. Children were picked up in groups.孩子们被分成几组接走。
C. Her daughter was absent from class.她女儿没来上课。
D. She arrived much earlier than others.她比别人到得早得多。
I was surprised to find the congestion outside Layla’s primary school was unusually absent—I’d driven right into a parking space, and I was on time, for once. The school bell rang, and in a moment a stream of children made their way through the gate. But something was different—the kids were piling into vehicles in threes and fours.
我惊讶地发现,蕾拉小学外面的交通并不拥堵——我正好把车开进了一个停车位,这一次我准时到了。学校的铃响了,不一会儿,一群孩子从大门进来了。但有些不同——孩子们三三两两地挤进了车里。
【推断题】
4. What will the author most probably discuss in the paragraph that follows
在接下来的段落中,作者最有可能讨论什么?
A. Solutions for the parent -teen problems.解决父母与青少年之间的问题。
B. Examples of the parent - teen war.亲子战争的例子。
C. Causes for the parent -teen conflicts.父母与青少年冲突的原因。
D. Future of the parent -teen relationship.亲子关系的未来
①For many parents, raising a teenager is like fighting a long war, but years go bywithout any clear winner. ...........
②Both sides want peace, but neither feels it has any power to stop the conflict......
第一或者第二段提出这个现象
③In this article, I'll describe three no- win situations that commonly arise betweenteens and parents and then suggest some ways out of the trap......
第三段提出为什么产生这个现象
【真题还原—2023年新高考一卷】
31. What does the author suggest readers do with the practices offered in part two
作者建议读者对第二部分提供的实践做些什么
A. Use them as needed.根据需要使用它们。
B.Recommend them to friends.推荐给朋友。
C. Evaluate their effects.评估它们的效果。
D. Identify the ideas behind them.找出它们背后的想法。
The second part of this book takes a closer look at some ideas that will help you cultivate (培养) a sustainabledigital minimalism lifestyle. In these chapters, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude (独处) and the necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spend on mindless device use. Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices, which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter.You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances.
本书的第二部分深入探讨了一些有助于你培养一种可持续的数字极简主义生活方式的想法。在这些章节中,我研究了一些问题,比如独处的重要性,以及培养高质量休闲的必要性,以取代现在大多数人花在盲目使用电子设备上的时间。每一章都总结了一些实践,这些实践旨在帮助您按照本章的主要思想行事。你可以把这些做法看作是一个工具箱,旨在帮助你努力建立一个适合你特殊情况的极简主义生活方式。